Unidad I.

Vectores, Matrices y Determinantes

Nombre: Yaneth Patricia Quiones

Nmero de identidad: 1130656930

Ingeniera Industrial
Nmero de Curso:

Universidad nacional abierta y a distancia Unad

Escuela de Ciencias de Educacin
Programa Ingeniera Industrial
Udr- Cali
Septiembre
2017
 1. Se tienen los vectores u = (5,-2) y v = (-3,-4).

Halle:

a) La magnitud y la direccin de cada vector respecto al eje x y represntelo en una

grfica.

b) El vector suma de + y el vector resta

c) El producto escalar

d) La proyeccin de u sobre v

.


|| = () + () ; = ( )

5
=[ ]
2

|| = (5)2 + (2)2

= 25 + 4

= 29 5,39
2
= 1 ( ) 21,8
5
 = (, )

|| = (3)2 + (4)2

= 9 + 16 = 25 = 5

4
= 1 ( )
3

4
= 1 ( ) 53,13
3

= 53,1 + 180 = 233.21

+ = (5, 2) + (3, 4) = (2, 6)

 = (5, 2) (3, 4) = (8, 2)

. .
U. V = U1 . V1 + U2 . V2
.V
U = (5, 3) (3, 4)

= (5 (3)) + (2 (4)) = 7

.
= |||| cos()

= 1 ( )
||||

7
= 1 ( )
29 5

7
= 1 ( ) 105,1
29 5
.

. = (5)(3) + (4)(2)

. = 15 + 8

. = 7
7
= ( ) (3, 4)
9 + 16
7
= ( ) (3, 4)

25
21 28

= ( ) ( )
25 25

.
2 3 1 1 3 4
= ( ); = ( ); =( )
1 2 4 2 3 2 1

a) A B C

b) C t (2B A)

c) A2 , B2 , C 2

2 3 1 0 1 3 4
=( )( )( )
1 2 4 2 3 2 1

( ) = [(2 3) (1 0 )] (1 3 4
)
1 2 4 2 3 2 1
 2 12 0+6 1 3 4
( ) = ( )( )
1+8 04 3 2 1

( ) = (10 6 ) (1 3 4)
9 4 3 2 1

.
10 + 18 30 12 40 + 6
=( )
9 12 27 + 8 36 4
8 42 34
ABC=( )
3 35 32

1 3
1 0 2 3
( ) = (3 2) [2 ( )( )]
4 2 1 2
4 1
1 3
2 0 2 3
(2 ) = (3 2) [( )( )]
8 4 1 2
4 1

1 3
0 3
(2 ) = (3 2) ( )
7 6
4 1

0 + 21 3 18
(2 ) = (0 14 9 + 12)
0 + 7 12 6

21 15
t (2B
C A) = (14 21 )
7 6

2 3 2 3
= . = ( )( )
1 2 1 2

4 3 6 6
2 = ( )
2 + 2 3 + 4

1 12
2 = ( )
4 1
 1 0 1 0
2 = = ( )( )
4 2 4 2

1+0 0+0
2 = ( )
48 0+4

= ( )

1 3 4 1 3 4
= = ( )( )
3 2 1 3 2 1

,


.
2 4 2
= (4 3 3)
4 1 2

.
2 4 2
= |4 3 3|
4 1 2
|| = 2 3 2 + 4 3 4 + 2 4 4 2 3 4 4 4 2 3 1
|| = 12 + 48 + 8 24 32 6
|| = 6
.
1 =
2 4 2 1 0 0
(4 3 3) ( ) = (0 1 0)
4 1 2 0 0 1

2 + 4 + 2 = 0
{4 + 3 + 3 = 1
4 + 1 + 2 = 0

4 +3 + 3 =1 4 +3 + 3 =1
4 2 =0 4 84 =0
2+=1
2 5=1
2 + = 1
5 = 1
3 = 2

2
=
3

2
= 3
En 2 + = 1
2 4
2( ) + 1 + = 1
3 3
4
=1+
3
7
=
3
h y e en + + =
2 7
2 + 4 ( ) + 2 = 0
3 3
8 14
2 + + =0
3 3
6
2 + = 0
3
2 + 2 = 0
2 = 2
2
= = 1
2
 2 + 4 + 2 = 0
{4 + 3 + 3 = 0
4 + 1 + 2 = 1
4 + 3 + 3 = 0 4 + + 2 = 1
4 2 = 1 4 8 4 = 0
2 + = 1 7 2 = 1
7 2 = 1
4 + 2 = 2
3 = 1
1
=
3
f en + =
1
2( ) + = 1
3
2
+ = 1
3
1 2
=
3
1
=
3
f y i en + + =
4 2
2 + + = 0
3 3
6
2 + =0
2
2 + 2 = 0
2 = 2
= 1

2 + 4 + 2 = 1
{4 + 3 + 3 = 0
4 + + 2 = 0

4 + 3 + 3 = 0 4 + 3 + 3 = 0
4 2 = 0 4 8 4 = 2
2 + = 0 5 = 2
 2 + = 0
5 = 2
3 = 2
2
=
3
=
2
5 ( ) = 2
3
1
= 2
3
10
= 2 +
3
6 + 10
=
3
4
=
3
+ + =

2 + 4 + 2 = 0
2 4
2 + 4 ( ) 2 ( ) = 1
3 3
2 = 1
1
=
2
:

1
1 1
2
2 2 1
1
3 3 3
4 7 1
[3 3 3]
. :

3 3
11 = (1)1+1 | |
1 2
11 = (1)2 (6 3)
11 = (3) (6 3)
11 = 1(3)
 11 = 3

4 3
12 = (1)3+2 | |
4 2
12 = (1)3 (8 12)
12 = (1) (4)
12 = (1) (4)
12 = 4

4 3
13 = (1)1+3 | |
4 1
13 = (1)4 (4 12)
13 = (1) (8)
13 = 8

4 2
21 = (1)1+3 | |
1 2
21 = (1)3 (8 2)
21 = (1)3 (8 2)
21 = (1) 6
21 = 6

2 2
22 = (1)2+2 | |
4 2
22 = (1)4 (4 8)
22 = 1 (4)
22 = 4

2 4
23 = (1)2+3 | |
4 1
23 = (1)5 (2 16)
23 = (1) (14)
23 = 14

4 2
31 = (1)3+1 | |
3 3
31 = (1)4 (12 16)
 31 = 1 6
23 = 6

4 2
32 = (1)3+2 | |
4 3
32 = (1)5 (6 8)
32 = (1) (2)
32 = 2

2 4
33 = (1)3+3 | |
4 3
33 = (1)6 (6 16)
33 = 1 (10)
33 = 10

3 4 8
= [6 4 14 ]
6 2 10

4. Dados los puntos A (-3,5) y B(5,-6)

a) Qu coordenadas tiene el punto P que se encuentra en el eje y, que equidista de

los puntos A y B en 4 unidades? Grafique

(0, )
(3,5), (0, )
d = (2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2

d 2
AP=(0(3)) + (Y5)2
dAP=(0+3)2+ (5)2
dAP=9+(5)2
dAP=9+(210+25)2
 B (5, 6), p (0, )

dBP=(05)2+ (y(6))2
dBP=(5)2+ (y+6)2
dBP=25+ (y+6)2
dBP=25+ (y2+12y+36)2
dBP=25+ (y2+12y+36)2

d 2
d 2
AP=9+ (y2 +10y+25)2) = BP=25+ (y2 +12y+36)2)

9 + 2 + 25 = 25 + 2 + 12 + 36
2 10 + 34 = 2 + 12 + 61
10 + 34 = 12 + 61
10 12 = 61 34
22 = 27
27
=
22
= 1.22

p (0, 1.2)

 b) Qu coordenadas del punto medio? Grafique

1 + 2
=
2
1+ 2
=
2
( 3,5) (5, 6)

3 + 5 2
= = =1
2 2
5 6 1
= = = 0,5
2 2
= (1, 0,5)

5. Calcule el valor de la inversa de la matriz dada, y compruebe su respuesta.

7
=( )
2
7 1 2 7
=( ) = (1) = ( )
2 (2) (7)()
2 7
1 2 7 7() 2 2 7() 2 2
(1) = ( )=
(2) (7)()
(7() 2 2 7() 2 2 )

(1) = 7() 2 2