Carry Out Stain Removal

THHHOK1181A CARRY OUT STAIN REMOVAL
LEARNERS GUIDE
CARRY OUT STAIN REMOVAL
Published by
HEART TRUST/NATIONAL TRAINING AGENCY
Produced by
Learning Management Services Department

Gordon Town Road
Kingston 7
Jamaica W.I.
This material is protected by copyright. Copying this material or any part of it by any means,
including digital or in any form is prohibited unless prior written permission is obtained from
the HEART Trust/NTA
*** 2003***
Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 1
Welcome ................................................................................................................... 1
This Competency Unit.................................................................................................... 1
Before You Start ............................................................................................................. 2
Planning Your Learning Programme ............................................................................. 2
Self-Assessment Checklist ............................................................................................. 3
How To Use This Learners Guide ................................................................................ 5
Using the Computer and Other Resources..................................................................... 6
Method of Assessment.................................................................................................... 6
Element 1: Remove stains from linen and clothes ............................................................ 7
Self-Assessment Checklist ........................................................................................... 16
Element 2: Remove stains from carpets and soft furnishings......................................... 18
Element 3: Apply treatments to carpets and soft furnishings ........................................ 24

LG THHHOK1181A
CARRY OUT STAIN REMOVAL
INTRODUCTION
Welcome
Welcome to the Learners Guide for Unit of Competency Carry Out Stain Removal. This is
just one of a number of Learners Guides produced for the Linen Room Attendants Skills stream
of the Tourism and Hospitality Industry, and it is designed to guide you, the learner, through a
series of learning processes and activities that will enable you to achieve the specified learning
outcomes for the competency unit.
The content of this guide was developed from the Competency Standard THHHOK1181A,
which is one of the basic building blocks for the National Vocational Qualification of Jamaica
(NVQ-J) certification within the industry. Please refer to your Learners Handbook for a
thorough explanation of standards and competencies, and how these relate to the NVQ-J
certification.
You are also advised to consult the Competency Standard and Assessment Instrument for a better
understanding of what is required to master the competency.
This Competency Unit
Carry out stain removal addresses the knowledge and skills required for effectively carrying
out stain removal. The competency unit is comprised of the following elements:
Element 1: Remove stains from linen and clothes
Element 2: Remove stains from carpets and soft furnishings
Element 3: Apply treatments to carpets and soft furnishings
As you go through each element, you will find critical information relating to each one. You are
advised to study them carefully so that you will be able to develop the necessary knowledge,
skills and attitudes for carrying out stain removal.

Before you start
Before you start this Learners Guide, you need to:
a. Obtain a Learners Logbook that will be used to record evidence of your new
skills/competence. As you demonstrate your new skills, record your activities and have your
learning facilitator sign off on them. This will allow you provide evidence of your
competence when you are being assessed against the competency standard.
b. Ensure that you have access to the facilities and equipment necessary for learning.
c. Ensure that your learning resources are available.
d. Know and observe the occupational health and safety standards/practices for the industry.
For example, ensure that you are wearing suitable clothing, that tools and equipment are safe,
and that the correct safety equipment is used.
e. Plan your learning programme (see below)
f. Understand how to use this Learners Guide (see below)
Planning your learning programme
The following self-assessment checklist will assist you in planning your learning programme as
it will help you to think about the knowledge and skills needed to demonstrate competency in
this unit. As you go through the checklist will be able to find out what elements you have
already mastered which ones you will need to pay more attention to as you go through the
learning process.
To complete the checklists simply read the statements and tick the Yes or No box.

Self-Assessment Checklist
- Carry out stain removal
Element 1 Remove stains from linen and clothes Yes No
1. I can give work plan and time allocation appropriate to the

accomplishment of assignments ( ) ( )
2. I can complete and submit required documentation

accurately within required time ( ) ( )
3. I can sort stained fabric appropriately ( ) ( )
4. I can identify nature and type of stains correctly ( ) ( )
5. I can apply stain removing solutions, methods and

techniques appropriate to type of stains and fabric ( ) ( )
6. I can eliminate removable stains effectively ( ) ( )
7. I can handle fabric with irremovable stains in accordance

with given instructions ( ) ( )
8. I can carry out all work in an organized and efficient

manner ( ) ( )
Element 2 Remove stains from carpets and soft furnishings Yes No
1. I can treat surface to be examined and determine correctly

its suitability ( ) ( )
2. I can ventilate work area appropriately and clear off

obstructions ( ) ( )
3. I can select stain remover and removal techniques

appropriately and correctly apply them ( ) ( )

Element 2 Contd Yes No
4. I can use stain remover safely and in accordance with

manufacturers instructions ( ) ( )
5. I can free surface of removable stains and without damage ( ) ( )
6. I can report stains not able to be removed to the relevant ( ) ( )

person
Element 3 Apply treatments to carpets and soft furnishings Yes No
1. I can determine suitability of surface for treatment correctly ( ) ( )
2. I can prepare work area to allow for correct, safe and

efficient operations ( ) ( )
3. I can prepare surfaces properly for treatment applications ( ) ( )
4. I can apply treatment safely and according to

5. I can treat surfaces correctly and free them from damage

and over-wetting ( ) ( )
6. I can treat surface even in appearance ( ) ( )
7. I can carry out all work in an organized and efficient ( ) ( )

manner
If you ticked all or most of the Yes boxes then you might not need to go through the entire
guide. Ask your learning facilitator to assist you in determining the most appropriate action
you should take.
If you ticked a few of the Yes boxes or none at all then you should work through all of the
guide, even though some of the material may be familiar to you.
Plan your learning based on your answers. Be sure to involve your learning facilitator in the
planning process.

How to use this Learners Guide
This Learners Guide is designed to assist you in working and learning at your own pace.
We suggest that you:
Go through the sections/elements as they are presented (starting at Section 1)
Check your progress at each checkpoint to ensure that you have understood the material
Observe the icons and special graphics used throughout this guide to remind you of what you
have to do to enhance your learning. The icons and their meanings are as follows:
Complete Assessment Exercise

This exercise requires you to think about the knowledge and
skills that you have or will develop in this competency unit.
Definition Box
Words/phrases are defined or explained in this box. The
words/phrases being explained are in bold print.
Checkpoint
This denotes a brain teaser and is used to check your
understanding of the materials presented. No answers are
provided for the questions asked.
Activity
This denotes something for you to do either alone or with
the assistance of your learning facilitator.
Reference
Points you to the reference materials and other support
documents or resources used in compiling the unit content.

Ask your learning facilitator for help if you have any problems with the interpretation of the
contents, the procedures, or the availability of resources
Stop and complete each activity as you come to it. If the activity requires you to perform an
actual task, be sure to tell your learning facilitator when you get to that activity so that he/she
can make any arrangements
Get your learning facilitator to sign and date the Learner Logbook when you have completed
an activity
Read the summary and complete the self-assessment checklist at the end of each section or
element.
When you have worked through all sections of the guide, complete the assessment exercise at the
end of the document. When you can tick every Yes box, you are ready for assessment and
should ask your learning facilitator to assist you in making the arrangements to have your
performance assessed.
Using the Computer and Other Resources
Where your activities refer you to the library, computer and Internet resources, ask your learning
facilitator to assist you with locating these resources. If you are getting your training in an
institution, there may be a library and computer laboratory. If this is not the case, visit the local
library and find out what resources are available.
If you are new to the computer and the Internet, someone should be able to show you how to use
these resources.
Please note that in many of your activities you have been referred to information on the Internet.
This is because the Internet has a vast amount of information that can help you in acquiring the
particular competencies. We would like to advise you, however, that we cannot guarantee that
all the sites will be available when you need them. If this happens, ask your learning facilitator
to assist you with locating other sites that have the information you require.
Method of Assessment
Competency will be assessed while you are actually performing the tasks and related to this
competency, this may be in a real work place or a simulated situation that accurately relates to
the work situation. You are advised to consult the associated competency standard and
assessment instrument for further details relating to the assessment strategies.
You may now start your learning. Have fun while you work!

ELEMENT 1: REMOVE STAINS FROM LINEN AND CLOTHES
LEARNING OUTCOMES
As you go through this element, you need to ensure that you acquire the knowledge, skills and
attitudes necessary for removing stains from linen and clothes. This element will prepare you to:
1. Allocate time and carry out work plan appropriate to the accomplishment of given
assignments.
2. Complete and submit required documentation within required time.
3. Sort stained fabric.
4. Identify the nature and type of stains.
5. Identify stain removal solutions and apply methods and techniques appropriate to types of
stains and fabric.
6. Effectively eliminate removable stains.
7. Handle fabric with irremovable stains in accordance with given instructions.
8. Carry out all work in an organized and efficient manner.
ALLOCATING TIME AND CARRYING OUT APPROPRIATE WORK PLAN
It is important to gather information on all jobs before proceeding or making a commitment. To

carry out stain removal, you need to have basic information on:
- what type of stain is present.

- which solution you will use to remove it.
- how you will remove it
Having this information will help you to organize your work. Be professional and develop a
work plan detailing what is to be done, for whom it should be done and the time frame in which
it will be done. When allocating time allow for unexpected situations. Once your work plan is
in place, adhere to it so that you can adequately meet the objectives of your assignments.
CHECKPOINT:
Why is it important to allocate time and a work plan for your

assignments?

ACTIVITY:
Develop a work plan for your daily household activities. Compare

and discuss with your peers.
COMPLETING AND SUBMITTING REQUIRED DOCUMENTATION WITHIN REQUIRED

TIME
Always ensure that you complete the required documentation within the specified time.
Documentation serves as a record for items being treated and provides an update on the progress
of jobs. Documentation may include:
- A daily worksheet that records the pieces and pounds of each linen produced during a
shift. This helps to track productivity on a daily basis.
- A production sheet that provides a summary of daily, weekly and periodic poundage of
linen processed.
- Recommendations on articles requiring special treatment or repair.
CHECKPOINT:
Why is documentation important??

ACTIVITY:
Visit a local hotel; find out what kind of documentation is completed

when carrying out stain removal. Discuss with your learning
facilitator. Pay close attention to these documents.
SORTING STAINED FABRIC
A stain is usually a mark left on When sorting, wear gloves and dust mask and have
items such as fabric, carpet, labelled laundry cart in position.
upholstery or linen. Stains can The sorting process divides items for washing into
result from beverages (such as tea, different categories. You may:
coffee, wine), candle wax and oils.
Sort items by colour. Keep all whites, all dark and
all medium colours separately.
Separate man-made fabrics such as polyester from natural fabrics like cotton. This will
ensure that the correct temperature and solution are used for similar fabric.
Wash stained fabric separately.
Wash sweaters and towels separately. Keep them away from soft, delicate fabric.
Sort according to the degree of soil or stain so that the correct amount of wash formula is
used.
Store stained linen separately to prevent contamination to unstained items.
Refer to: The website www.fabriclink.com is a good place to find tips on sorting
linen and clothes.

CHECKPOINT:
Explain the procedure you would use in sorting stained fabrics.
ACTIVITY:
Visit the laundry area of a local hotel or restaurant and assess how
laundry is sorted. Ask supervisor to allow you to practise sorting
items to be laundered. You will later be expected to discuss with your
peers.
IDENTIFYING THE NATURE AND TYPE OF STAIN
You should first identify the nature and the type of stain in order to decide how to get rid of it.
Try to remove stains as soon as possible. The longer you wait, the more time the stain has to
soak and dry making it harder to remove. When handling fabric to identify stain, wear gloves
and mask and keep stained item away from clean ones. The table below shows some examples
and will assist you in determining the nature and type of stain.
Nature of stain Type of stain
1) Beverage based 1) coffee, tea, soft drinks, wine

2) Wax based 2) candle wax, hair removal wax
3) Oil based 3) vegetable oil, cooking oil, machine oil
4) Protein based 4) blood, egg, milk

Here are some other common types of stains:
Chewing Gum Paint Deodorants

Nail Polish Ink Rust
Lipstick Perspiration Mildew
Blood
Refer to: The website www.solutions.uiuc.edu is a good place to find types of

stains and their removal.
CHECKPOINT:
How important is it for you to know about the different types of

stains?
List 6 types of stains and state the nature of these stains.
ACTIVITY:
Practise identifying nature and type of stain with your own clothes
and those of your family members. Discuss with your peers.
APPLYING STAIN REMOVAL SOLUTION, METHODS AND TECHNIQUES APPROPRIATE

TO TYPE OF STAINS AND FABRIC
There are various stain removal solutions available. These include:
Alcohol Nail polish remover Bleach

Ammonia Turpentine Pre-soak
Dry- cleaning fluid Rust remover Detergent
Lemon juice and salt White vinegar

Before applying stain removal solution, be sure to determine the type of stain and fabric. Before
applying the solution, always read and follow the care instructions on the label. Labels give
information regarding the type of solution that should or should not be applied to the fabric.
Observe safety precautions.
Old stains should be treated carefully to prevent damage to the item. If the stain is old or already
set in the fabric, wash with bleach that is safe for the fabric.
Perspiration can stain and eventually weaken the fabric, especially under the arms. Try using a
liquid detergent and then wash.
Remove hard wax by scraping carefully with a knife.

Oils may be removed by washing with liquid detergent in hot water.
Refer to: The website www.solutions.uiuc.edu is a good place to find types of

stains and their removal.
CHECKPOINT:
Why should you ensure that solution and method is appropriately

applied to stain and fabric?
List 4 fabrics stains affecting these fabrics and stain removing
solutions you would apply and method or technique you would
use in each application.
ACTIVITY:
Make a list of at least five (5) stain removal solutions that are usually
found around the home.
What type of stains do they remove?

ELIMINATING REMOVABLE STAINS
Ensure that removable stains are effectively eliminated by carefully examining the item after
treatment. Some stains can be removed in the normal washing process while others require
special treatment. Check if this is the case. When eliminating stains pay special attention to:
- wash time
- required temperature
- technique used to remove stain
- chemical used
CHECKPOINT:
How can removable stains be effectively eliminated?

What are the factors to be considered when eliminating stains?
ACTIVITY:
Try one of the stain removal techniques from the referenced website.
Discuss the results with your peers.
HANDLING FABRIC WITH IRREMOVABLE STAINS IN ACCORDANCE WITH GIVEN

INSTRUCTIONS
Always read and follow the instructions on the label of linen and clothing. If the stain cannot be
removed using known techniques, take the item to a dry cleaning establishment for advice.
Before dry cleaning however, note the type of fabric and stain and any special instructions from
the manufacturer. Follow all instructions.

If the stain cannot be removed, inform your supervisor or guest where appropriate. You may
have to discard the item and replace it with a new one.
CHECKPOINT:
Why is it important to follow instructions when handling irremovable

stains?
ACTIVITY:
Visit your local dry cleaning establishment and observe the stain
removal process.
ACTIVITY:
You work in the rooms division department of a hotel. A guest has

asked you to remove stains from an evening gown she wishes to wear
to an upcoming function. Upon investigation you realize that the
stain is irremovable. What action would you take.
CARRYING OUT WORK IN AN ORGANIZED AND EFFICIENT MANNER
Always display professionalism when carrying out your duties. Plan your daily activities
so that you have a clear idea of how you will accomplish your tasks. You should have work plan
in place. Being organized will help you to achieve efficiency.
If you become over burdened or find that you will not be able to accomplish the day's activities,
communicate with your superior so that other arrangements can be made for guests adversely
affected.

Employing certain personal attributes can help you to carry out your job in an efficient manner.
Some of these attributes or attitudes are:
Politeness Communication
Planning ahead Being safety conscious
Confidence Attention to detail
CHECKPOINT:
How can you ensure that you achieve efficiency on the job?
ACTIVITY:
Make a list of other attributes that you should display in order to

perform in an efficient and organized manner.

READY TO PROVE YOUR COMPETENCY?
Now that you have completed this element, see if you have fully grasped all the components by
doing the following self-assessment:
Checklist 1 Yes No
1. I know how to give work plan and time allocation

appropriate to the accomplishment of assignments ( ) ( )
2. I know how to complete and submit required

documentation accurately within specified time ( ) ( )
3. I know how to sort stained fabric appropriately ( ) ( )
4. I understand how to identify nature and type of stains

correctly ( ) ( )
5. I know how to apply stain removing solutions, methods

and techniques appropriate to type of stains and fabric ( ) ( )
6. I know how to eliminate removable stains effectively ( ) ( )
7. I know how to handle fabric with irremovable stains in

accordance with given instructions ( ) ( )
8. I know how to carry out all work in an organized and

efficient manner ( ) ( )
Checklist 2 Yes No
1. Work plan and time allocation are appropriate to the

accomplishment of given assignments ( ) ( )
2. Required documentation is accurately completed and

submitted within required time ( ) ( )
3. Stained fabric is appropriately sorted ( ) ( )
4. Nature and type of stains are correctly identified ( ) ( )

Checklist 2 Contd Yes No
5. Stain removing solutions, methods and techniques are

applied appropriately to type of stains and fabric ( ) ( )
6. Removable stains are effectively eliminated ( ) ( )
7. Fabric with irremovable stains is handled in accordance

with given instructions ( ) ( )
8. All work is carried out in an organized and efficient

manner ( ) ( )

ELEMENT 2: REMOVE STAINS FROM CARPET AND SOFT

FURNISHINGS
LEARNING OUTCOMES
attitudes necessary for removing stains from carpet and soft furnishings. This element will
prepare you to:
1. Examine the surface to be treated and determine its suitability.

2. Clear obstructions and ensure that work area is appropriately ventilated.
3. Apply selected stain remover and removal techniques appropriately and correctly.
4. Use stain remover safely and in accordance with manufacturers instructions.
5. Ensure surfaces are free of removable stains and are without damage.
6. Report stains that cannot be removed to the relevant person.
EXAMINING SURFACE TO BE TREATED AND DETERMINING SUITABILITY
When removing stains from carpet and soft furnishings, remember to carefully assess the surface
area that needs treatment. Try to get information on the item that need cleaning so that you can
determine if the surface is suitable for the stain removal method you have in mind.
It is important for you to know the type of material that you are dealing with. Some materials are
difficult to clean and will take a longer time than you expect.
You should also try to ascertain the age of the material and when it was last cleaned. For
example, a material or soft furnishing that is seven years old and has never been cleaned, is more
difficult to handle than a fairly new, clean carpet or upholstery.
Refer to: The website www.regal-services.co.uk is a good place to find

information on carpet cleaning.
CHECKPOINT:
Why is it important to gather information on carpet and soft

furnishings before applying a stain removal technique?

ACTIVITY:
Visit at least two (2) carpet-cleaning companies. Find out their

process of determining the suitability of carpets before cleaning.
Make brief notes and discuss with learning facilitator and peers.
CLEARING WORK AREA AND ENSURING APPROPRIATE VENTILATION
You should wear proper protective clothing and, clear the work area as best you can. If you are
removing stain from a carpet, move furniture out of the way to allow you to work freely.
Remember to remove cushions from sofas and cover the area not being treated to prevent it from
getting wet.
Open windows and doors for proper ventilation, you may also use fans to move air across the
carpet or soft furnishing to help them dry faster after treatment. Turning on air conditioner will
also help by pulling moisture out of the air.
CHECKPOINT:
Why should the work area be properly ventilated?
ACTIVITY:
Visit the website www.cleanlink.com/cp/article. Read the article

entitled Improper spot removal can rub customers the wrong way.
Discuss it with your learning facilitator.

APPLYING APPROPRIATE STAIN REMOVER AND REMOVAL TECHNIQUE
Carry out stain removal in an organized manner and wear protective gear.
If the stain is caused by liquid, use the blot technique as quickly as possible. Remember, the
longer the stain stays in the carpet or upholstery, the more permanent it becomes. Use a clean
white terry cloth or towel to apply downward pressure to the area. Continue using the towel to
soak up the liquid out of the carpet or upholstery.
For solid or semi-solid stains, scrape and remove excessive stain by using a spoon. Do not use a
knife, it will harm the fibres of carpet, rugs and upholstery.
If the stain requires a stain remover, select one that is right for the material that you are working
with. For example, wool and wool blend carpets require a solution that is specifically made for
wool and other natural fibres.
CHECKPOINT:
Why is it important to learn the appropriate technique for removing

stains?
Remember to follow the product instructions carefully. You should first conduct a test by
applying a drop of the stain remover solution to a small part of the carpet or soft furnishing that
wont be seen. If you notice any damage or colour change in the item, use a different stain
remover.
ACTIVITY:
Take a piece of material to school, try using the blot technique.

Make a note of how well this technique worked for you. Discuss the
outcome with your colleagues.
Exercise caution when using chemicals

USING STAIN REMOVER SAFELY AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH MANUFACTURERS

INSTRUCTIONS
Always use your selected stain remover in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.
Read labels carefully and pay special attention to any precautions that should be taken. Wear
protective gear such as gloves or dust mask as required.
Also pay attention to how the solution should be stored. Remember that some solutions must be
put in tightly closed containers and stored in a cool temperature. Watch for caution statements
and symbols that indicate whether or not the solution is corrosive, flammable or poisonous.
Wear gloves to protect your hands from injury. It is wise to wear a mask especially if the
solution carries fumes.
CHECKPOINT:
Why is it so important to use stain remover safely and in accordance

with manufacturers instructions?
ACTIVITY:
Visit your local supermarket. Look at several stain removal solutions

for carpet and upholstery. Read manufacturers instructions for
different types of solutions.
ENSURING THAT SURFACES ARE FREE OF REMOVABLE STAINS AND DAMAGE AND
REPORTING IRREMOVABLE STAINS TO RELEVANT PERSONS
After you have used your selected stain remover, ensure that all surfaces are free of stains and
not damaged in any way. Thoroughly examine the item. Some types of damage are not
immediate so try not to over wet the carpet or soft furnishing when removing the stain as this
could cause mildew and bacteria to develop and damage the items.

Many solutions leave a sticky residue. Pay attention to detail after cleaning to identify residue
formation that will weaken the fabric. Also look out for any discolouration caused by the
solution.
If the stain cannot be removed, report it to your superior or make arrangements to have the carpet
or upholstery handled by a professional organization.
Always communicate with your guests so that they know that you are in control of the situation.
CHECKPOINT:
What should you do after you have carried out stain removal from a
carpet?
ACTIVITY:
Call your local carpet manufacturer. Find out what are the
practices that usually cause damage to carpets and soft
furnishings.
You have just finished cleaning a carpet but the stain is still there.
What do you do?

Checklist 1 Yes No
1. I understand how to examine surface to be treated and

determine its suitability correctly ( ) ( )
2. I know how to ventilate work area appropriately and

clear it of obstructions ( ) ( )
3. I know how to select stain remover and removal

techniques appropriately and apply them correctly ( ) ( )
4. I know how to use stain remover safely and in

accordance with manufacturers instructions ( ) ( )
5. I know how to free surface of removable stains without

damaging it ( ) ( )
6. I know how to report stains not able to be removed to

the relevant person ( ) ( )
Checklist 2 Yes No
1. Surface to be treated is examined and its suitability

correctly determined ( ) ( )
2. Work area is appropriately ventilated and is clear of

obstructions ( ) ( )
3. Stain remover and removal techniques selected are

appropriate and correctly applied ( ) ( )
4. Stain remover is safely used and in accordance with

5. Surfaces are free of removable stains and are without

damage ( ) ( )
6. Stains not able to be removed are reported to the

relevant person ( ) ( )

ELEMENT 3: APPLY TREATMENT TO CARPETS AND SOFT

FURNISHINGS
LEARNING OUTCOMES
attitudes necessary for applying treatment to carpets and soft furnishings. This element will
prepare you to:
1. Determine suitability of surface for treatment.

2. Prepare work area to allow for correct, safe and efficient operations.
3. Prepare surfaces for treatment applications.
4. Apply treatment safely and in accordance with manufacturers instructions.
5. Treat surface correctly and ensure that it is free from damage and over wetting.
6. Ensure that treated surface is even in appearance.
7. Carry out work in an efficient and organized manner.
DETERMINING SUITABILITY OF SURFACE FOR TREATMENT
Before you apply any treatment to carpet or soft furnishings, you should first determine whether
or not the items can undergo certain treatments. Examine surfaces to ensure the best cleaning
method and results. Try to determine the type of material or fibre that makes the product.
It is important for you to know if the material is natural or man-made so that you can select a
cleaning solution that is suitable for that material. Some upholstery fabrics do not react well to
common stain removers. Test a small part of the fabric in an area that will not be seen before
using the solution.
CHECKPOINT:
How important is it to determine that carpet and upholstery surfaces

are suitable for treatment? List the steps you would follow to pre test
a small piece of upholstery fabric.

ACTIVITY:
You are called upon to apply treatment to a sofa. How do you

determine its suitability?
PREPARING WORK AREA TO ALLOW FOR CORRECT, SAFE AND EFFICIENT

OPERATIONS
You should prepare the work area for correct, safe and efficient operations. Select the
appropriate cleaning equipment and materials that you will need. Be careful when assembling
equipment.
Remove all furniture and appliances from your work area, keeping pets and children out of the
way. Beware of electrical cords or outlets that might become problems. Remove all cushions
and other accessories to soft furnishing. Keep your cleaning materials close to the work area for
easy access. Open windows and doors if necessary to ensure that the area is well ventilated.
Refer to: The website www.fabiclink.com is a good place to find information on

preparing work surface and work area for treatment.
CHECKPOINT:
Why should you ensure that the work area is prepared before
conducting cleaning operations?
You have been assigned the cleaning of the carpet in the lobby area
of the hotel where you work. State how you would prepare the work
area to allow for correct safe and efficient operations.

ACTIVITY:
Visit a hotel or restaurant and assess how work areas are prepared.
Working in a simulated environment you will be required to prepare
a work area allowing for correct safe and efficient cleaning of carpets
and soft furnishings. This will be assessed by your learning
facilitator.
PREPARING SURFACES FOR TREATMENT APPLICATION
Remember to remove as much of the stain as possible from surfaces before you begin the
treatment. If stain is caused by solid or semi solid substances, use a spoon to scrape off the
excess. If the stain is caused by a liquid substance, soak up excess with paper towel or tissue
then go ahead with your stain removal treatment.
Follow preparation instructions carefully and be aware of stains that require pre-treatment.
Vacuum carpet to remove dust and debris before applying treatment so that there are no dirt
residues after you have finished.
Refer to: The website www.fabiclink.com is a good place to find information on

preparing work surface and work area for treatment.
CHECKPOINT:
How would you prepare soft furnishings for treatment?

ACTIVITY:
Call a carpet cleaning establishment. Find out how surfaces are

prepared before treating stains and the implications of not preparing
surfaces properly. Discuss with your learning facilitator.
APPLYING TREATMENT SAFELY AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH MANUFACTURERS

INSTRUCTIONS
When applying treatment, wear gloves and mask as safety precautions. You may also have
protective eyewear in case you are using a spray treatment. Also wear an coverall to protect
clothing from coming in contact with the treatment.
Always read labels carefully and apply treatment according to the manufacturers instructions.
Natural fibre and certain dyes may require special treatment. If in doubt, contact the
manufacturer or a cleaning professional for advice. Take all additional precautions stated by the
manufacturer.
CHECKPOINT:
Throughout this guide we have stressed the importance of safety and

the need to follow manufacturers' instructions. Why?
ACTIVITY:
Make a list of local manufacturers of stain removal solutions. Read

their instructions carefully and note the differences and similarities in
their instructions. Discuss with your learning facilitator.

TREATING SURFACES CORRECTLY AND ENSURING THAT THYE ARE FREE OF

DAMAGE AND OVER-WETTING
It is important to treat stained surfaces correctly so that damage can be avoided.

When treating stain, you should apply small amounts of stain remover. Always work from the
edges towards the centre of the stain to prevent it from spreading.
It is important that you rinse out the affected area with water to get rid of any stain removal
solution residue. Traces of solution left back on the carpet or upholstery may attract dirt and
cause damage.
Be careful when rinsing the affected area. Too much water can cause over-wetting. Over-
wetting causes mildew and bacteria to grow and can even separate the backing of carpets.
Remember, surface damage is caused mainly by over-wetting and the excessive use of detergent.
Refer to: The websites www.floorbiz.com and www.parish-supply.com

are good places to find details on treating surfaces for stain removal.
CHECKPOINT:
What is over-wetting?
ACTIVITY:
Try to obtain a piece of stained carpet that is not being used. Apply
treatment in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Then,
over-wet the piece of carpet and see what happens. Discuss with
your learning facilitator.

ENSURING THAT TREATED SURFACES ARE EVEN IN APPEARANCE
After you have treated the carpet surface. Follow through and ensure that the surface is back to
its original state of appearance. For carpets, you should use a special carpet rake to promote
faster drying and to align fibres. Aligning the fibres will give the surface of the carpet an even
appearance.
You may also apply a carpet protector afterwards. The protector helps to slow down the
formation of dirt in the carpet and also allows extra time to clean up spills before they have a
chance to stain.
CHECKPOINT:
How do you ensure an even surface after treatment?
ACTIVITY:
Gain access to a computer. Search the internet for more information

on how carpet cleaners ensure an even surface after treatment.
CARRYING OUT WORK IN AN ORGANIZED AND EFFICIENT MANNER
It is important that you carry out all jobs in an organized and efficient manner.
Gather the necessary information and carefully plan your course of action. Document procedures
and prepare production or progress report on all jobs. Work quickly and efficiently. For good
customer service, communicate with your guests when necessary.

CHECKPOINT:
What are the benefits of carrying out work in an organized manner?
ACTIVITY:
Write down all the steps that you would take in order to carry out
stain removal on carpets or soft furnishings in an organized manner.

Checklist 1 Yes No
1. I know how to determine suitability of surface for

treatment correctly ( ) ( )
2. I know how to prepare work area to allow for correct,

safe and efficient operations ( ) ( )
3. I know how to prepare surfaces properly for treatment

applications ( ) ( )
4. I know how to apply treatment safely and according to

5. I know how to treat surface correctly and free it of

damage and over-wetting ( ) ( )
6. I know how to treat surface even in appearance ( ) ( )
7. I know how to carry out all work in an organized and

efficient manner ( ) ( )
Checklist 2 Yes No
1. Suitability of surface for treatment is correctly

determined ( ) ( )
2. Work area is prepare to allow for correct, safe and

efficient operations ( ) ( )
3. Surfaces are being prepared properly for treatment

applications ( ) ( )

Checklist 2 Contd Yes No
4. Treatment is safely applied and according to

5. Surface is correctly treated and is free of damage and

over-wetting ( ) ( )
6. Treated surface is even in appearance ( ) ( )
7. All work is carried out in an organized and efficient

manner ( ) ( )

Carry Out Stain Removal

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Carry Out Stain Removal

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THHHOK1181A CARRY OUT STAIN REMOVAL

HEART TRUST/NATIONAL TRAINING AGENCY

Learning Management Services Department

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 1

Element 1: Remove stains from linen and clothes ............................................................ 7

Self-Assessment Checklist ........................................................................................... 16

Element 2: Remove stains from carpets and soft furnishings......................................... 18

Self-Assessment Checklist ........................................................................................... 23

Element 3: Apply treatments to carpets and soft furnishings ........................................ 24

Self-Assessment Checklist ........................................................................................... 31

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 2

This Competency Unit

Element 1: Remove stains from linen and clothes

Element 2: Remove stains from carpets and soft furnishings

Element 3: Apply treatments to carpets and soft furnishings

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 1

Before you start

Before you start this Learners Guide, you need to:

c. Ensure that your learning resources are available.

e. Plan your learning programme (see below)

f. Understand how to use this Learners Guide (see below)

Planning your learning programme

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 2

Element 1 Remove stains from linen and clothes Yes No

1. I can give work plan and time allocation appropriate to the

2. I can complete and submit required documentation

3. I can sort stained fabric appropriately ( ) ( )

4. I can identify nature and type of stains correctly ( ) ( )

5. I can apply stain removing solutions, methods and

6. I can eliminate removable stains effectively ( ) ( )

7. I can handle fabric with irremovable stains in accordance

8. I can carry out all work in an organized and efficient

Element 2 Remove stains from carpets and soft furnishings Yes No

1. I can treat surface to be examined and determine correctly

2. I can ventilate work area appropriately and clear off

3. I can select stain remover and removal techniques

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 3

Element 2 Contd Yes No

4. I can use stain remover safely and in accordance with

5. I can free surface of removable stains and without damage ( ) ( )

6. I can report stains not able to be removed to the relevant ( ) ( )

Element 3 Apply treatments to carpets and soft furnishings Yes No

1. I can determine suitability of surface for treatment correctly ( ) ( )

2. I can prepare work area to allow for correct, safe and

3. I can prepare surfaces properly for treatment applications ( ) ( )

4. I can apply treatment safely and according to

5. I can treat surfaces correctly and free them from damage

6. I can treat surface even in appearance ( ) ( )

7. I can carry out all work in an organized and efficient ( ) ( )

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 4

How to use this Learners Guide

We suggest that you:

Go through the sections/elements as they are presented (starting at Section 1)

Complete Assessment Exercise

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 5

Using the Computer and Other Resources

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 6

ELEMENT 1: REMOVE STAINS FROM LINEN AND CLOTHES

ALLOCATING TIME AND CARRYING OUT APPROPRIATE WORK PLAN

It is important to gather information on all jobs before proceeding or making a commitment. To

- what type of stain is present.

Why is it important to allocate time and a work plan for your

Version 1 LRDU JAN.04 7

Develop a work plan for your daily household activities. Compare