Thailand Power Development Plan (PDP

PDP 2010
¢
.¢.
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
SUMMARY
OF
THAILAND POWER DEVELOPMENT PLAN
2010-2030
Report no. 912000-5305 System Planning Division

April 2010
SUMMARY
OF
THAILAND POWER DEVELOPMENT PLAN
2010-2030
System Planning Division

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
April 2010
Contents
Page
1. Introduction 1
2. Summary 3
3. Assumptions in the Formulation of PDP 2010 11
4. Power Demand Forecast 16
5. Thailand Power Development Plan 2010-2030 (PDP 2010) 19
5.1 Generating Capacity in 2010-2020 19
5.2 Generating Capacity in 2021-2030 22
5.3 Renewable Energy 23
5.4 Fuel Requirement 25
6. Demand Side Management (DSM) 35
7. Renewable Energy 39
7.1 The Renewable Energy Plan (2008-2022) of the Ministry of Energy 39
7.2 EGAT Renewable Energy Projects 40
7.3 Small Power Producer (SPP) Using Renewable Energy 41
7.4 Very Small Power Producer (VSPP) Using Renewable Energy 42
8. Cogeneration System 45
8.1 Cogeneration SPP 45
8.2 Cogeneration VSPP 46
9. Nuclear Power Plant Projects 47
10. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction in Power Sector 51
11. Transmission System Development Plan 54

List of Appendices
Page
Appendix 1 Comparison of Thailand Power Development Plans 63
Appendix 2 Map of Thailand Power System 67
Appendix 3 Installed Capacity of Thailand Power System 71
Appendix 4 Existing Transmission System 75
Appendix 5 Power Demand Statistic and Load Forecast 79
Appendix 6 Projection of Generating Capacity Classified by Power Plant Types 85
Appendix 7 Power Plant Retirement Schedule 89
Appendix 8 Projection of Energy Generation Classified by Fuel Types 93
Appendix 9 Renewable Energy and Purchasement Plan from SPP and VSPP Plan 97
Appendix 10 Transmission System Expansion Projects 105

1. Introduction
The last Thailand Power Development Plan 2007–2021 (PDP 2007 Revision 2) was an
update of the PDP 2007 Revision 1. The original PDP 2007 was issued in June 2007 followed
by a revised PDP 2007 (PDP 2007 Revision 1) in December 2008.
Since December 2008, the electricity demand has decreased significantly due to
depressed economic conditions. To portray a clear picture of power sector development, the
Ministry of Energy appointed a subcommittee to prepare a new Thailand PDP and a working
group to work on the relevant assumptions on 16 September 2009 and 3 November 2009,
respectively. The new PDP was designated as a “Green PDP” which highlights on greenhouse
gas emission reduction and promotions of efficient energy utilization and electricity
production through cogeneration system, in addition to system reliability. Not only did it
corporate power purchase projects from domestic producers and neighboring countries that
were approved by the Cabinet but also power generation from renewable energy the
Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) 2008–2022. Besides, opinions and comments
obtained from the public hearing of PDP 2007 Revision 2 were taken into account. Therefore,
the new PDP could be a complete guideline for power system development that encourages
generation from renewable energy and lessens greenhouse gas emission, and thus a balance of
generation resources.
EGAT, as a member of the subcommittee and the working group, formulated the
Thailand Power Development Plan 2010–2030 (PDP 2010) within the following frameworks:
1. Extend the planning horizon from 15 years to 20 years (2010-2030)

2. Revise Thailand’s Load Forecast based on NESDB’s long term economic growth
3. Analyze and integrate the effects of DSM projects in both the load forecast and the
generation expansion planning
4. Combine the re-estimated amount of power purchase from renewable energy
regarding AEDP 2008–2022 into the plan
5. Review the amount of power purchase from SPPs in 2009-2015 and further
regarding the NEPC’s resolution on 24 August 2009 to promote power production
by cogeneration system
6. Reconsider power import from neighboring countries and identify only promising
projects
1
7. Lower greenhouse gas emission
PDP 2010 was approved by NEPC and endorsed by the Cabinet on 12 March 2010
and 23 March 2010, respectively.
2
2. Summary
2.1 Current Status
The peak power demand of 2009 occurred on 24 April 2009 of which the
maximum power generation of the country reached 22,315.4 MW which was 78.4 MW or
0.35% higher than the record of 2008.
2.1.1 Power Plants: As of December 2009, the total contract capacity was
29,212 MW comprising 14,328.1 MW (49.0%) of EGAT’s power plants, 14,243.9 MW
(48.8%) of domestic private power producers (IPPs and SPPs) and 640 MW (2.2%) of
neighboring country power purchase. The details of contract capacity of Thailand power
system are shown in Appendix 3.
2.1.2 Transmission System: The standard voltage levels of EGAT

transmission system are 500 kV, 230 kV, 132 kV, 115 kV, and 69 kV at operating frequency
of 50 Hz. The total length of high voltage transmission line as of December 2009 was 30,446
circuit-kilometers. The total number of high voltage substations was 209 with total
transformer capacity of 72,787 MVA. The summary of transmission line length and number
of EGAT’s substations classified by voltage level are shown in the table below.
Voltage Substation Transmission

Number MVA (Circuit-km)
500 kV 10 15,850 3,722
230 kV 68 41,860 13,393
132 kV - 133 9
115 kV 131 14,556 13,280
69 kV - - 19
300 kV HVDC - 388 23
Total 209 72,787 30,446
Details of transmission lines and substations are shown in Appendix 4.
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2.2 Key Assumptions in PDP 2010
2.2.1 The new Thailand’s Load Forecast was calculated upon energy
consumption at end users’ level projected by the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA)
and the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA). The figures were derived from regression
analysis based on recorded electricity retail and the GDP growth in the base case of NESDB’s
preliminary study result. The reason to employ this initial outcome was to establish PDP 2010
in due course to cope with present situations and to ascertain work plans of the obliged
projects.
2.2.2 Information about energy conservation from ongoing DSM programs

was acquired from EPPO and already included in regression analysis, whereas that from new
programs was subtracted from the forecast demand afterward.
2.2.3 Power generation using renewable energy in 2010-2022 was estimated as

per AEDP (2008-2022) of the Ministry of Energy, while that in 2023-2030 was done with the
annual estimation.
2.2.4 The quantity and timing of power purchase from SPPs in 2010-2021 was
reviewed with the actual purchasing progress as well as the additional capacity to comply
with the NEPC’s resolution on 24 August 2009 to promote electricity production by
cogeneration system. Thereafter, the purchased capacity was planned to be 360 MW annually
in 2022–2029 and 540 MW in 2030.
2.2.5 The minimum annual reserve margin was constraint to 15% or sufficient
to handle the western gas shortage which is equivalent to 6,961 MW. Hence, the system’s
reserve margin in the early years is greater than 20%.
2.2.6 Candidate power plants considered in PDP 2010 were 800 MW clean
coal power plant, 800 MW combined cycle power plant, 1,000 MW nuclear power plant, 250
MW gas turbine power plant and 500 MW Lam Takhong pumped storage hydro power plant
(additional units).
2.2.7 In order to maintain the natural gas consumption in power sector, the gas
fired power plants to be retired would be replaced with their succeeding combined cycle
generating units.
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2.2.8 Greenhouse gas emission per unit of generated electricity in 2030 was set
to be lower than that of PDP 2007 Revision 2.
2.2.9 The proportion of fuel use and energy resources was allocated as below:
− Renewable energy as per the 15 Years AEDP; Cogeneration SPP
took first priority and was followed by other alternative technologies.
− Nuclear power plant was limited to 1 unit/year and allowed only 2
years in a row with a pause of 2 years to comfort the investment plan.
− Power purchase from neighboring countries must not exceed 25% of
the total generating capacity.
− Other generating capacity was a well considered mix of replacing gas
fired combined cycle power plants and clean coal thermal power
plants.
2.3 Thailand Power Development Plan (PDP 2010)
With the aforementioned assumptions about future electrical supplies, power

import from neighboring countries, load forecast and others, EGAT and the Ministry of
Energy cooperated in performing Thailand Power Development Plan 2007–2021 (PDP 2010)
which can be summarized as followings.
2.3.1 Projects during 2010-2020

- EGAT owned power plants 4,821 MW
- IPP 4,400 MW
- SPP 3,539 MW
- VSPP 2,335 MW
- New combine cycle power plant supporting 800 MW
LPG production at Khanom GSP
- Power purchase from neighboring countries 5,669 MW
2.3.2 Projects during 2021-2030

- New EGAT power plant (Renewable) 97 MW
- New EGAT power plant (Natural Gas) 13x800 MW
- New EGAT power plant (Clean Coal) 8x800 MW
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- New EGAT power plant (Nuclear) 4x1,000 MW
- Power purchase from SPP 3,800 MW
- Power purchase from VSPP 1,745 MW
- Power purchase from neighboring countries 6,000 MW
Details of power plants commissioning in the period of 2010-2020 and 2021-
2030 are exhibited in Table 2.1 and 2.2, respectively.
2.3.3 Subsequent Works from PDP 2010: Since an intention of PDP 2010 is
to response to environmental policies by lowering greenhouse gas emission, EGAT has
prepared to implement the following programs.
- Continuous studies of innovative DSM programs and development
- Improvement on the efficiency of EGAT’s aging power plants
considering their potential and action plans individually
- Improvement on transmission system to reduce losses
- EGAT Renewable Energy Development Plan in harmony with
Thailand PDP 2010 and the 15 Years AEDP
Further information about measures and indicative plans are described in
Chapter 10.
2.3.4 Power Purchase from Neighboring Countries, and SPP and VSPP
Using Renewable Energy
Power import projects stated in PDP 2010 are merely a long term indicative
guideline. The actual purchase depends on definite capacity and completion date of each
project as well as the appropriate timing and power demand. Above all, it must follow the
MOU(s) between the governments.
In the same manner, power purchase projects from SPP and VSPP using
renewable energy specified in PDP 2010 are only a guideline for long term outlook based on
the purchase status as of 31 December 2009 and the 15 Years AEDP. The exact purchase
varies upon the potential of different resources and technologies, and must be corresponding
with the Government’s policies.
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Table 2.1
Thailand Power Development Plan 2010-2020
(PDP 2010)
Peak Contract Minimum
Year Demand Projects Capacity Reserve Margin
(MW) (MW) (%)
2009 22,044.9 Total Capacity as of December 2009 29,212 27.6
2010 23,249 VSPP (Jan) 367 MW
SPP (Renewables) (Jun) 90 MW
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Theun 2) (Mar) 920 MW
North Bangkok CC #1 (May) 670 MW
SPP (Cogeneration) (Nov) 90 MW 31,349 28.1
2011 24,568 Retirement of Khanom TH #1 (Jul) -70 MW
VSPP (Jan) 258 MW
EGAT Renewables (Jan) 18 MW
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 2) (Jan) 597 MW
Chao Phraya Dam #1-2 (Jan) 2x6 MW
Naresuan Dam (Oct) 8 MW
GHECO-ONE Co., Ltd. (Nov) 660 MW 32,992 27.1
2012 25,913 VSPP (Jan) 162 MW
Mae Klong Dam #1-2 (Jan) 2x6 MW
Khun Dan Prakarnchon Dam (Apr) 10 MW
Pasak Jolasid Dam (May) 7 MW
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun-Dec) 704 MW
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Theun Hinboun Ext.) (Jul) 220 MW 34,172 23.7
2013 27,188 VSPP (Jan) 187 MW
Kwae Noi Dam #1-2 (Jan) 2x15 MW
SPP (Cogeneration) (Mar-Sep) 720 MW
Siam Energy Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Mar, Sep) 2x800 MW
National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Nov) 2x135 MW 37,003 25.4
2014 28,341 Retirement of Bang Pakong TH #1-2 (Jan) -1052 MW
VSPP (Jan) 192 MW
National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #3-4 (Mar) 2x135 MW
Wang Noi CC #4 (Jun) 800 MW
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 90 MW
Power Generation Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Jun, Dec) 2x800 MW
Chana CC #2 (Jul) 800 MW 39,720 23.4
2015 29,463 Retirement of Rayong CC #1-4 (Jan) -1175 MW
VSPP (Jan) 167 MW
Bang Lang Dam (Renovate) (Jan) 12 MW
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Hongsa TH #1-2) (May, Oct) 2x491 MW
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 270 MW 39,990 26.0
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Table 2.1 (Continued)
(PDP 2010)
(MW) (MW) (%)
2016 30,754 Retirement of Khanom TH #2 (Jul) -70 MW
Retirement of Khanom CC #1 (Jul) -678 MW
Power Purchase from Myanmar (Mai Khot TH #1-3) (Jan, Apr, Jul)3x123 MW
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Hongsa TH #3) (Feb) 491 MW
VSPP (Jun) 231 MW
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 270 MW
New Capacity _ South (Jul) 800 MW 41,419 27.2
2017 32,225 Retirement of Bang Pakong CC #3 (Jan) -314 MW
End of SPP Contract (Apr-Oct) -180 MW
VSPP (Jan) 229 MW
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 3) (Jan) 440 MW
Lam Takhong Pumped Storage #3-4 (Jun) 2x250 MW
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 270 MW 42,374 23.2
2018 33,688 Retirement of Bang Pakong CC #4 (Jan) -314 MW
Retirement of Nam Pong CC #1 (Jan) -325 MW
End of SPP Contract (Feb-Apr) -42 MW
VSPP (Jan) 176 MW
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jan) 270 MW
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jun) 450 MW 42,619 17.3
2019 34,988 End of SPP Contract (Jun-Sep) -185 MW
VSPP (Jan) 177 MW
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jun) 600 MW
EGAT Clean Coal #1 (Jun) 800 MW 44,289 15.0
2020 36,336 Retirement of South Bangkok CC #1 (Jan) -316 MW
Retirement of Nam Pong CC #2 (Jan) -325 MW
End of Tri Energy Co., Ltd. (TECO) PPA (Jun) -700 MW
End of SPP Contract (Feb-Aug) -188 MW
VSPP (Jan) 190 MW
EGAT Nuclear Power Plant #1 (Jan) 1000 MW
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jun) 600 MW 44,842 15.6
Total Added Capacity 2010-2020 21,564 MW
Total Retired Capacity 2010-2020 - 5,933 MW
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Table 2.2
(PDP 2010)
(MW) (MW) (%)
2021 37,856 End of SPP Contract (Feb-Oct) -200 MW
VSPP (Jan) 135 MW
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jan) 600 MW
EGAT Clean Coal #2 (Jun) 800 MW 47,618 15.4
2022 39,308 Retirement of Bang Pakong TH #3 (Jan) -576 MW
End of SPP Contract (Aug-Oct) -150 MW
VSPP (Jan) 294 MW
EGAT Gas Fired CC #1 (Jan) 800 MW
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jan) 600 MW 48,982 16.0
2023 40,781 Retirement of Wang Noi TH #1-3 (Jan) -1910 MW
Retirement of South Bangkok CC #2 (Jan) -562 MW
Retirement of Bang Pakong TH #4 (Jan) -576 MW
End of Theun Hinboun PPA (Jan) -214 MW
End of Eastern Power & Electronic Co., Ltd. (EPEC) PPA (Apr) -350 MW
End of SPP Contract (Apr) -41 MW
VSPP (Jan) 146 MW
EGAT Gas Fired CC #2-6 (Jan) 5x800 MW
EGAT Clean Coal #3 (Jan) 800 MW
2024 42,236 End of SPP Contract (Feb-Sep) -680 MW
Retirement of Mae Moh TH #4 (Jan) -140 MW
VSPP (Jan) 148 MW
2025 43,962 Retirement of Mae Moh TH #5-6 (Jan) -280 MW
End of SPP Contract (Apr-Oct) -244 MW
End of Independent Power (Thailand) Co., Ltd. (IPT) PPA (Sep) -700 MW
Retirement of Ratchaburi TH #1-2 (Nov) -1440 MW
VSPP (Jan) 163 MW
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(PDP 2010)
(MW) (MW) (%)
2026 45,621 Retirement of Mae Moh TH #7 (Jan) -140 MW
End of SPP Contract (Sep) -5 MW
VSPP (Jan) 159 MW
EGAT Clean Coal #4-5 (Jan) 2x800 MW
2027 47,344 End of SPP Contract (Feb) -15 MW
Retirement of Ratchaburi CC #1-2 (May) -1360 MW
Retirement of Ratchaburi CC #3 (Nov) -681 MW
VSPP (Jan) 169 MW
2028 49,039 End of SPP Contract (Jan-Dec) -95 MW
End of Glow IPP Co., Ltd. PPA (Feb) -713 MW
VSPP (Jan) 173 MW
EGAT Clean Coal #6-7 (Jan) 2x800 MW
VSPP (Jan) 179 MW
EGAT Clean Coal #8 (Jan) 800 MW
End of Houay Ho PPA (Jan) -126 MW
VSPP (Jan) 179 MW
EGAT Clean Coal TH #9 (Jan) 800 MW
Total Installed Capacity as of December 2009 29,212 MW
Grand Total Capacity at the end of 2030 65,547 MW
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3. Assumptions in the Formulation of PDP 2010
The crucial assumptions and criteria employed in performing PDP 2010 can be
divided into 3 categories as followings:
1. System Reliability
- Reserve Margin
- Power Purchase from Neighboring Countries
2. Clean Energy and Efficient Utilization
- Demand Side Management (DSM)
- Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy
- Electricity Generation with Cogeneration System
- Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction
3. Load Forecast
3.1 Reserve Margin
There have been several gas shortage events mostly from western pipeline system,
while natural gas is still the major fuel for power generation in Thailand. Considering the risk
of such emergency incidents, the suitable reserve margin is probably larger than 20% of the
total generating capacity of the system. In addition, fuel diversification is a concerned issue, i.e.
balancing the portion of power generation from coal, nuclear, renewable energy and power
import.
3.2 Power Import from Neighboring Countries
Only promising power import projects were identified in PDP 2010 with their
contract capacity and commissioning schedule. They must have certain signs of success e.g.
Tariff MOU. However, as suggested by the study on power import proportion, maximum
share of the power import over the system’s generating capacity must not exceed the following
percentages:
• Total import from 1 country - 13%
• Total import from 2 countries - 25%
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3.3 Demand Side Management (DSM)
Electrical energy saving at consumption level and peak reduction at the system
peak time resulting from existing DSM programs were already integrated in the regression
analysis of the “February 2010” Load Forecast. These programs were composed of energy
conservation campaigns as well as market mechanisms and consumer behaviors that induced
appliances’ efficiency improvement e.g. “No.5 Label”. Nevertheless, information about the
impacts of new programs and innovations, e.g. T5 fluorescent tubes, was unavailable and
beyond the capability of regression analysis. Thus, they were later deducted from the load
forecast.
3.4 Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy
At present, the proposed power generation from renewable energy projects are
indefinite in aspects of duplicated locations and no robust guarantee of implementation, while
their influences on system reliability and the readiness of transmission network are also needed
to be studied. Therefore, PDP 2010 contains power generation from renewable energy
regarding the 15 Years AEDP to the year 2022 and not less than 5% of energy production
referring to the VSPP purchase projected by distribution authorities afterward. The table below
shows the cumulative generating capacity from all renewable energy resources.
Unit: MW
Small
Type Biomass Biogas Solar MSW 1/ Wind Total
Hydro
End of 2009 663.04 49.04 9.23 10.82 3.07 18.33 753.52
End of 2022 2,272.04 152.04 707.23 159.32 1,231.07 281.33 4,803.02
End of 2030 3,032.04 176.04 1,107.23 183.32 1,321.07 281.33 6,101.02

Note: 1/ Municipal Solid Waste
Since renewable technologies are in their early stage and recently commercially
introduced, there is insufficient evidence to assure their dependable generating capacity. Most
of available data are average values on daily and monthly basis, which cannot reflect the power
generation at a certain point of time, particularly that of wind and solar power. Consequently,
concerning risk aversion, PDP 2010 recommends deeming their dependable capacity at
confident level and later adjusting it when the actual information is available.
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3.5 Electricity Generation with Cogeneration System
Due to the NEPC’s resolution on 24 August 2009 to promote cogeneration

system, the amount of power purchase from SPP using cogeneration system in PDP 2010 was
not only compatible with the purchasing plan during 2009-2015 but also added with another
2,000 MW in 2015-2021 and 360 MW annually during 2022-2030. Cogeneration system is
promoted by the Government as it allows more efficient use of steam and power as well as the
natural gas utilization.
Unit: MW
Firm Non-Firm Annual Cumulative
Type VSPP
SPP SPP Total Total
End of 2009 1,787 169 6 1,962 1,962
Proposed to sell by 2014 1,604 40 65 1,709 3,671
NEPC’s Resolution
2,000 - 23 2,023 5,694
(2015-2021)
360 MW Annual Addition
3,420 - 25 3,445 9,139
(2022-2030)
Total 8,811 209 119 9,139
3.6 Load Forecast
NESDB in collaboration with NIDA are currently performing a study of Thailand

long term economic outlook. The primary outcomes had revealed the long term GDP
projection in 3 scenarios namely High Case, Base Case and Low Case. The PDP revising
subcommittee then selected the Base Case figures to perform the load forecast for PDP 2010.
The peak demand of the year 2021 was estimated at 37,718 MW which is 6,563 MW lower
than that of PDP 2007 Revision 2. Meanwhile, the peak demand at the end of PDP 2010 (the
year 2030) was expected to be 52,691 MW.
3.7 Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction
In 2009, the power generation sector released 0.546 kg of carbon dioxide for every
kWh of electricity production. To respond to clean energy policy and the Green PDP, the
concrete plan to cut down greenhouse gas emission in generation system was incorporated into
PDP 2010. The goal is to have a lower emission rate than that of PDP 2007 Revision 2 in the
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year 2020 and then to retain it at not a higher rate, which can be done by apportioning assorted
types of low emission power plant.
3.8 Allocation of New Generating Capacity
The combination of new capacities in PDP 2010 was considered upon the
followings.
Renewable Energy and Cogeneration System

Power generation from renewable energy and cogeneration SPPs was the first
priority in future planting up. Their capacity and operating schedule of the renewable energy in
2010-2022 was in line with the 15 Years AEDP. Thereafter, their energy generation was set to
not less than 5% of total energy requirement as predicted by distribution power utilities.
Meanwhile, cogeneration SPPs utilize energy resources and infrastructures more efficiently.
Their capacity and commissioning schedule was according to the purchasing progress in 2010-
2014, the NEPC’s resolution on 24 August 2009 in 2015-2021 (2,000 MW) and the agreed
capacity in 2022-2030 (360 MW annually).
Power Purchase from Neighboring Countries

PDP 2010 has promising power purchase projects from 2 neighboring countries.
Hence, their portion was limited to 25% due to the system reliability constraints. However,
most of them are hydro electric power plants which do not discharge greenhouse gases, so
they can lessen the number of future fossil fuel fired power projects.
Gas Fired Power Plant

Due to the risk of natural gas supply, especially from the western gas pipeline
system, PDP 2010 attempted to diminish gas quantity in power generation by diversifying fuel
types and resources. Nevertheless, to maximize the profits of existing domestic resources and
infrastructures, new gas-fired power plants were assigned to replace the retiring ones.
Nuclear Power Plant

Nuclear power plants were selected by the optimization because of their low
production cost. In addition, they can serve base load for a long duration and thus secure the
power system. They can also help trimming down the number of fossil fuel fired power plants
since they do not release greenhouse gases. However, due to public acceptance, PDP 2010
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allowed only 5 units of them with a maximum energy generation share of 10% to the total
generation requirement. Besides, they had to come in intervals to ease the investment burdens.
Clean Coal Power Plant

As well as nuclear power plants, coal-fired power plants were picked up by the
optimization due to their low production cost. However, there are difficulties with location,
greenhouse gas emission and public acceptance, despite Supercritical or Ultra-supercritical
technologies with bituminous fuel and FGD equipment. Educating people about facts,
knowledge and understanding is therefore very essential. To avoid greenhouse gas emission,
clean coal power plants were the last precedence of new planting up in PDP 2010.
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4. Power Demand Forecast
The power demand forecast used for the arrangement of this Thailand Power
Development Plan (PDP 2010) is the electricity demand prediction of the Thailand power
system, called “The Power Demand Forecast (February 2010)”, prepared by the Load
Forecast Working Group (LFWG) set up by the Thailand Load Forecast Subcommittee
(TLFS). The forecast is based on the following assumptions.
1. The forecast period 2010 – 2030 is defined.

2. The actual peak demand and actual energy generation of 2009 are bases for
this forecast.
3. The estimated Thailand Economic Growth or the forecasted Thailand Gross
Domestic Products (GDP), shown in Table 4.1, is a required parameter to predict the future
power demand. The forecast GDP figure was agreed by the LFWG for this power demand
forecast as the followings:
• For short-term period (2010 – 2011): the estimated GDP as agreed among
MEA, PEA, and EGAT for performing their plan their 2011 budgets was used
• For long-term period (2012 – 2024): the forecasted GDP was applied
following the initial result obtained from the Thailand Long-term GDP study
by the National Institution of Development Administration (NIDA) under the
governance of the National Economic and Social Development Board
(NESDB). The final report of the study will be completed by this year 2010.
• For further period (2025 – 2030): the forecasted GDP was fixed as the same
rate as that in 2024 in the initial result of the study
4. Considering renewable energy in the power demand forecast, the estimated
amounts of MEA and PEA renewable energy purchases from Very Small Power Producers
(VSPP), which is consistent with the Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP) prepared
by the Ministry of Energy was taken into account. It is noted that the plan was approved by
the Cabinet on 28 January 2009 (more details shown in Chapter 7).
5. The Demand Side Management (DSM) project with a clear specification of
electricity demand reduction at consumption level was considered. However, DSM projects
are classified from electricity conservation plans gathered and estimated by the Energy
Planning and Policy Office (EPPO). In addition, the DSM project is considered as new
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projects which have not been included in the Load Forecast Model (more details shown in
Chapter 6).
Table 4.1 The Preliminary Estimation of Thailand Economic Growth or

Forecasted Gross Domestic Products for Thailand Power Demand Forecast (February 2010)
Unit: Percent
Year Low Case Base Case High Case
2010 3.41 3.41 3.41
2011 3.88 4.02 4.28
2012 3.84 4.24 4.78
2013 3.50 4.06 4.24
2014 4.32 4.78 5.12
2015 3.97 4.46 4.83
2016 3.82 4.28 4.61
2017 3.85 4.28 4.60
2018 3.68 4.10 4.43
2019 3.75 4.15 4.49
2020 3.87 4.24 4.58
2021 3.82 4.18 4.53
2022 3.63 4.01 4.37
2023 3.60 3.95 4.31
2024 3.58 3.92 4.28
2025 3.58 3.92 4.28
2026 3.58 3.92 4.28
2027 3.58 3.92 4.28
2028 3.58 3.92 4.28
2029 3.58 3.92 4.28
2030 3.58 3.92 4.28
Source: The National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 2010, Draft Final Report of
the study of Thailand Long-term Economic Growth or Gross Domestic Products (GDP) Project
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The “February 2010” power demand forecast used in formulating PDP 2010 is
shown in Appendix 5. For peak demand, the forecasted peak demand in 2030 is
approximately 52,890 MW, 2.37 times higher than that in 2009, (22,315.35 MW). An average
growth rate of the forecasted peak demand during 2010 – 2030 is 4.19 percent per year. For
energy demand, the forecasted energy demand in 2030 is about 347,947 GWh, 2.38 times
higher than that in 2009, (146,182 GWh). An average growth rate of the forecasted energy
demand during 2010 – 2030 is 4.22 percent per year. Thus, the long-term load factor is
between 74 and 75 percent.
The “February 2010” demand forecast anticipated electricity saving resulting from
the new DSM projects by adjusting electricity demand at consumption level. This causes the
future energy elasticity1 decrease from 1.36 in 2010 to 0.99 in 2030 (more details shown in
Appendix 5).
Compared with the previous “December 2008” demand forecast, the “February
2010” demand forecast indicates decreasing projection due to the lower long-term economic
forecast which was reviewed to be compatible with the global economic recession and
Thailand economic downturn, as presented in Appendix 5.
1
Energy Elasticity means the ratio of the energy increase rate and the GDP increase rate.
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5. Thailand Power Development Plan 2010-2030 (PDP 2010)
The current Thailand Power Development Plan or PDP 2010 embraces the horizon
of 2010 to 2030. The total contract capacity at the end of 2030 is 65,547 MW comprising a)
29,212 MW existing capacity as of December 2009, b) 54,005 MW of future added capacity
from EGAT power plants, power purchase from IPP, SPP and VSPP, and c) 17,671 MW of
retired power plants and expiration of Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) term. Details of new
power plants and power purchase projects are displayed in Table 5.1 and Figure 5.1, while the
annual generating capacity by power plant type and the retirement schedule are attached in
Appendix 6 and 7, respectively.
5.1 Generating Capacity in 2010-2020 Power projects commissioning in this

period are already under implementation, committed or needed to serve the increasing demand.
The additional 21,564 MW include:
5.1.1 EGAT Power Plants: 4,582 MW

- North Bangkok Combined Cycle Block #1 (670 MW)
- Wang Noi Combined Cycle Block #4 (800 MW)
- Chana Combined Cycle Block #2 (800 MW)
- Lam Takhong Pumped Storage Unit #3-4 (2x250 MW)
- Clean Coal Thermal Power Plant (800 MW)
- Nuclear Power Plant (1,000 MW)
- Bang Lang Hydroelectric Renovation (12 MW)
In this group, projects that are already allocated to certain sites are:
North Bangkok Combined Cycle Block #1 situates at the site of the former
North Bangkok Thermal Power Plant, Bangkruai Subdistrict, Bangkruai District, Nonthaburi
Province.
- Base Load Plant
- 670 MW Contract Capacity
- Fuelled by Natural Gas
- Scheduled Commercial Operation Date (SCOD) in May 2010
- Approved by the Cabinet on 12 December 2006
19
Wang Noi Combined Cycle Block #4 is located in the same area as the existing
Wang Noi Power Plant, Khao Ngam and Wang Chula Subdistricts, Wang Noi District,
Phranakorn Sri Ayudhaya Province.
- Base Load Plant
- Fuelled by Natural Gas
- Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study based on 700 MW
capacity was approved by National Environment Board (NEB) on 19
September 2005. However, EGAT has to conduct further analysis due
to the expansion to 800 MW capacity.
- SCOD in June 2014
Chana Combined Cycle Block #2 is aimed to serve electrical demand in the

lower southern region. It is in the vicinity of the existing Chana Combined Cycle Block #1,
where the load center is.
- Base Load Plant
- Fuelled by Natural Gas from Thailand-Malaysia Joint Development
Area (JDA)
- SCOD in July 2014
Lam Takhong Pumped Storage Unit #3-4 is mounted 300 meters underneath
next to Lam Takhong Pumped Storage Unit #1-2 and planned to be online in June 2017. They
are all driven by water from existing Lam Takhong Reservoir of Royal Irrigation Department.
5.1.2 Power Purchase from IPPs: 4,400 MW

- GHECO-ONE Co., Ltd. (660 MW)
- Siam Energy Co., Ltd. #1-2 (2x800 MW)
- National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #1-4 (4x135 MW)
- Power Generation Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 (2x800 MW)
On 27 June 2007, the Ministry of Energy (by Energy Policy and Planning Office,
EPPO) and the IPP Power Purchase Proposal Evaluation and Selection Subcommittee had
20
solicited the second round of potential bidders to supply power to EGAT in 2012-2014.
Considering the lowest levelized tariff, the Subcommittee later announced 4 winning bidders
consisting of:
Contract
Project
Company Fuel Capacity SCOD
No.
(MW)
1 GHECO-One Co., Ltd. Coal 660 Nov 2011
2 Siam Energy Co., Ltd. Gas 1,600 Mar – Sep 2013
3 National Power Supply Co., Ltd. Coal 540 Nov 2013 – Mar 2014
4 Power Generation Supply Co., Ltd. Gas 1,600 Jun – Dec 2014
Total 4,400
5.1.3 New Southern Power Plant: 800 MW
5.1.4 EGAT’s Renewable Energy: 239.2 MW

- Small Hydro Power Plants (187.4 MW)
- Solar Power Plants (1 MW)
- Wind Power Plants (46 MW)
- Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Power Plants (7.5 MW)
5.1.5 Power Purchase from Small Power Producers (SPP): 3,539.5 MW

- Co-Generation System (3,224 MW)
- Renewable Energy (315 MW)
5.1.6 Power Purchase from Very Small Power Producers (VSPP): 2,249 MW
5.1.7 Power Purchase from Neighboring Countries: 5,668.6 MW

- Nam Theun 2, Lao PDR (920 MW)
- Nam Ngum 2, Lao PDR (596.6 MW)
- Theun Hinboun (Extension Phase), Lao PDR (220 MW)
- Hong Sa Lignite, Lao PDR (1,473 MW)
- Mai Khot, Myanmar (369 MW)
- Nam Ngum 3, Lao PDR (440 MW)
- Unspecified Projects (1,650 MW)
21
5.2 Generating Capacity in 2021-2030 Power projects coming online during this
period are to satisfy the country’s demand, though not yet assigned to particular sites. The
total added capacity of 32,411 MW can be categorized below.
- New Gas Fired Combined Cycle Power Plant (10,400 MW)

- New Clean Coal Thermal Power Plant (6,400 MW)
- New Nuclear Power Plant (4,000 MW)
- EGAT’s Renewable Energy Projects (96 MW)
- Power Purchase Projects from SPPs (3,800 MW)
- Power Purchase Projects from VSPPs (1,718 MW)
- Power Purchase Projects from Neighboring Countries (6,000 MW)
Quantity of the power purchase from neighboring countries shall be considered

upon the MOU made by the concerned parties.
Power Purchase from Lao PDR

The Government of Thailand and the Government of Lao PDR have signed a
number of Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) to promote collaboration in power project
development in Lao PDR as followings:
- 4 June 1993 to import power up to 1,500 MW
- 19 June 1996 to extend import capacity to 3,000 MW
- 18 December 2006 to extend import capacity to 5,000 MW
- 22 December 2007 to extend import capacity to 7,000 MW
Currently, there are 2 commissioned projects namely Theun Hinboun (214 MW)
and Houay Ho (126 MW), and 3 PPA signed projects which are under construction, Nam
Theun 2 (920 MW), Nam Ngum 2 (597 MW) and Theun Hinboun - Extension Phase (220
MW). Besides, there are 2 Tariff MOU signed projects; Hong Sa (1,473 MW) and Nam Ngum
3 (440 MW).
Power Purchase from the Union of Myanmar

On 4 July 1997, the Government of Thailand had made an MOU with the
Government of Myanmar. The essence of the MOU is to encourage power development in
Myanmar up to 1,500 MW to export to Thailand. Thereafter, on 30 May 2005, Governments
22
of the both countries proceeded on the subsequent MOU to develop hydroelectric projects in
Thanlwin river basin. Initially, there are 2 potential projects to sell electricity to Thailand.
(1) Hutgyi Hydroelectric Project (1,190 MW): expected to connect to EGAT
system at Tha Song Yang District, Tak Province
(2) Tasang Hydroelectric Project (7,000 MW): expected to connect to EGAT
system at Mae Eye District, Chiang Mai Province
The other Tariff MOU signed project is Mai Khot Coal Fired Thermal Power Plant
(369 MW totally).
Power Purchase from People’s Republic of China

On 12 November 1998, the Government of Thailand and the Government of
People’s Republic of China (PRC) have entered into an MOU that Thailand will purchase
3,000 MW of electricity from projects in China proposed by PRC within the year 2017. Both
countries will cooperate in planning and constructing associated transmission systems as well
as negotiating with Lao PDR on right-of-way and wheeling charge issues.
Power Purchase from the Kingdom of Cambodia

There is no MOU between the Government of Thailand and the Government of
Cambodia. Nevertheless, there are private developers proposing to develop projects and sell
power to Thailand, for example, Koh Kong Coal Fired Power Project which is apportioned
into 2 phases, 1,800 MW each.
5.3 Renewable Energy
PDP 2010 contains 5,347.5 MW of electricity generated from renewable resources,

which can be divided into 2 periods.
The first period (2010-2022) offered 4,049.5 MW of EGAT owned and purchase
projects from SPPs and VSPPs. This amount was based on the Alternative Energy
Development Plan (2008-2022) of the Ministry of Energy (see Chapter 7, Item 7.1) and can be
tabulated in the next page.
23
Unit: MW
1/
Year EGAT SPP VSPP Total
2010 - 465.0 331.0 796.0
2011 38.0 425.0 236.0 699.0
2012 28.7 65.0 162.3 256.0
2013 54.0 - 181.0 235.0
2014 18.0 - 190.5 208.5
2015 14.0 90.0 165.0 269.0
2016 16.5 - 224.5 241.0
2017 10.5 - 227.5 238.0
2018 30.0 - 173.0 203.0
2019 7.5 - 170.0 177.5
2020 22.0 - 188.0 210.0
2021 60.5 - 133.0 193.5
2022 36.0 - 287.0 323.0
Total 335.7 1,045.0 2,668.8 4,049.5
Note: 1/ Include 730 MW of Non-firm SPPs
In the next period (2023-2030), 1,298 MW renewable capacity came from only
VSPPs which was estimated by MEA and PEA purchase plan.
Unit: MW
Year VSPP
2023 145.0
2024 146.0
2025 156.0
2026 157.0
2027 168.0
2028 168.0
2029 179.0
2030 179.0
Total 1,298.0
Details of installed and purchased capacity by energy source are elaborated in

Chapter 7.
24
5.4 Fuel Requirement
Fuel requirement for power generation according to PDP 2010 is tabulated below.
Heavy Diesel
Gas/LNG 1/
Lignite Coal Oil Oil Nuclear
Year (MMCUFD
(M.Ton) (M.Ton) (M.Litre (M.Litre (Ton)
)
) )
2010 15.9 3.6 1,986 226.5 25.74 -
2011 16.4 4.2 2,003 66.0 9.30 -
2012 16.0 5.5 1,978 234.5 9.05 -
2013 16.4 5.5 1,907 364.1 22.73 -
2014 16.1 6.9 1,963 201.3 19.10 -
2015 17.2 7.0 1,862 - 7.20 -
2016 17.0 7.0 1,774 - 7.22 -
2017 16.0 7.0 1,843 - 7.00 -
2018 14.8 7.0 1,943 - 6.30 -
2019 15.1 8.2 1,955 - 6.30 -
2020 15.2 9.2 1,842 - 5.61 18.6
2021 15.2 10.4 1,702 - 5.60 37.1
2022 15.2 11.4 1,722 - 5.60 37.1
2023 15.2 13.6 1,711 - 5.60 37.1
2024 13.9 13.7 1,715 - 5.61 55.7
2025 11.8 13.6 1,755 - 5.60 74.1
2026 10.7 18.0 1,665 - 5.60 74.1
2027 10.7 18.0 1,767 - 5.60 74.1
2028 10.7 22.5 1,531 - 5.61 92.9
2029 8.9 24.6 1,598 - 5.60 92.6
2030 6.9 26.6 1,637 - 5.60 92.6
Note: 1/ Exclude SPP’s and VSPP’s consumption
The electricity generation by fuel type and the fuel requirement are classified in
Appendix 8.
25
Table 5.1
Thailand Power Development Plan
PDP 2010
Project Names Fuel Capacity Total Commissioning Date
Type (MW) (MW)
VSPP - 367 367 January 2010
SPP (Renewables) - 90 90 June 2010
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Theun 2) Hydro 920 920 March 2010
North Bangkok CC #1 Gas 670 670 May 2010
SPP (Cogeneration) - 90 90 November 2010
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 2) Hydro 597 597 January 2011
Chao Phraya Dam #1-2 Hydro 2x6 12 January 2011
EGAT Renewables - 18 18 January 2011
Naresuan Dam Hydro 8 8 October 2011
GHECO-ONE Co., Ltd. Coal 660 660 November 2011
Mae Klong Dam #1-2 Hydro 2x6 12 January 2012
Khun Dan Prakarnchon Dam Hydro 10 10 April 2012
Pasak Jolasid Dam Hydro 7 7 May 2012
SPP (Cogeneration) - 704 704 Jun 2012 - Dec 2012
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Theun Hinboun Ext.) Hydro 220 220 July 2012
Kwae Noi Dam #1-2 Hydro 2x15 30 January 2013
SPP (Cogeneration) - 720 720 Mar 2013 - Sep 2013
Siam Energy Co., Ltd. #1-2 Gas 2x800 1,600 Mar 2013 - Sep 2013
National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 Coal 2x135 270 November 2013
National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #3-4 Coal 2x135 270 March 2014
Wang Noi CC #4 Gas 800 800 June 2014
SPP (Cogeneration) - 90 90 June 2014
Power Generation Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 Gas 2x800 1,600 Jun 2014 - Dec 2014
Chana CC #2 Gas 800 800 July 2014
26
PDP 2010
Type (MW) (MW)
Bang Lang Dam (Renovate) Hydro 12 12 January 2015
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Hongsa TH #1-2) Coal 2x491 982 May 2015 - Oct 2015
Power Purchase from Myanmar (Mai Khot TH #1-3) Coal 3x123 369 Jan 2016 - Jul 2016
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Hongsa TH #3) Coal 491 491 February 2016
VSPP - 231 231 June 2016
New Capacity _ South Gas 800 800 July 2016
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 3) Hydro 440 440 January 2017
Lam Takhong Pumped Storage #3-4 Hydro 2x250 500 June 2017
SPP (Cogeneration) - 270 270 January 2018
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries - 450 450 June 2018
EGAT Clean Coal #1 Coal 800 800 June 2019
EGAT Nuclear Power Plant #1 Nuclear 1,000 1,000 January 2020
27
PDP 2010
Type (MW) (MW)
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries - 600 600 January 2021
EGAT Clean Coal #2 Coal 800 800 June 2021
EGAT Gas Fired CC #1 Gas 800 800 January 2022
EGAT Gas Fired CC #2-6 Gas 5x800 4,000 January 2023
EGAT Clean Coal #3 Coal 800 800 January 2023
EGAT Nuclear Power Plant TH #3 Nuclear 1,000 1,000 January 2024
EGAT Clean Coal #4-5 Coal 2x800 1,600 January 2026
28
PDP 2010
Power Plant Project Names Fuel Capacity Total Commissioning Date
Type (MW) (MW)
EGAT Clean Coal #6-7 Coal 2x800 1,600 January 2028
Total Installed Capacity as of December 2009 29,212 MW

Total Added Capacity 54,005 MW
Total Retired Capacity - 17,671 MW
Grand Total Capacity at the End of 2030 65,547 MW
29
30
POWER DEVELOPMENT PLAN
PDP2010_Base Load GENERATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING DEPARTMENT
LOAD FORECAST : 23 Feb 2010 SYSTEM PLANNING DIVISION
RUN DATE : March 25, 2010 ELECTRICITY GENERATING AUTHORITY OF THAILAND
PEAK AND CAPACITY (MW)
10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 110000 MW
EXISTING CAPACITY 29,212.0
2010 JAN VSPP 367 MW 367.0
FEB
MAR NAM THEUN 2 920 MW 920.0
APR
MAY NORTH BANGKOK CC #1 670 MW 670.0
JUN SPP (BIOMASS POWER) 90 MW 90.0
JUL PEAK GENERATION 23,249.0 MW
AUG MINIMUM RESERVE MARGIN 28.1 %
SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 2,137.0 MW
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY 0.0 MW
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR 2,137.0 MW SPP (SIAM POWER) 60 MW; SPP (SIAM POWER PHASE 1) 30 MW 90.0
DEC TOTAL CAPACITY 31,349.0 MW
2011 JAN NAM NGUM 2 596.6 MW; VSPP 258 MW; CHAO PHRAYA DAM #1-2 12 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 18 MW 884.6
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN SPP (ADVANCE AGRO) 25 MW; SPP (THAI POWER GEN PROJ 1) 70 MW; SPP (NATIONAL POWER SUPPLY) 65 MW 160.0
JUL PEAK GENERATION 24,568.0 MW PPB TH#1 (PPA END) -69.9 MW -69.9
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY -69.9 MW NARESUAN DAM 8 MW 8.0
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR 1,642.7 MW GHECO-ONE 660 MW 660.0
2012 JAN MAE KLONG DAM #1-2 12 MW; VSPP 162.3 MW 174.3
FEB
MAR
APR KHUN DAN PRAKARNCHON DAM 10 MW 10.0
MAY PASAK JOLASID DAM 6.7 MW 6.7
JUN SPP (THAI POWER SUPPLY) 65 MW; SPP (AMATA STEAM) 90 MW; SPP (GLOW 3) 74 MW 229.0
JUL PEAK GENERATION 25,913.0 MW SPP (NAVANAKORN) 90 MW; THEUN HINBOUN EXT. 220 MW 310.0
SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 1,180.0 MW SPP (AMATA POWER) 90 MW; SPP (SARABURI B COGEN) 90 MW 180.0
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR 1,180.0 MW SPP (INDUSTRIAL COGEN) 90 MW 90.0
DEC TOTAL CAPACITY 34,171.7 MW SPP (SARABURI A COGEN) 90 MW; SPP (THAI NATIONAL POWER 2) 90 MW 180.0
2013 JAN VSPP 187 MW; KWAI NOI DAM #1-2 30 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 24 MW 241.0
FEB
MAR SIAM ENERGY #1 800 MW; SPP (CHACHUENGSAO COGEN) 90 MW 890.0
APR SPP (RIL COGEN) 90 MW 90.0
MAY
SPP (BANG PA-IN) 90 MW; SPP (ROJANA POWER 2) 90 MW; SPP (AMATA POWER) 90 MW;
JUN SPP (SIAM POWER GEN 2) 90 MW; SPP (PATHUM COGEN) 90 MW 450.0
SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 2,831.0 MW SPP (CHP) 90 MW; SIAM ENERGY #2 800 MW 890.0
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR 2,831.0 MW NATIONAL POWER SUPPLY #1-2 2x135 MW 270.0
2014 JAN BANG PAKONG TH #1-2 (RETIRE) -1052 MW; VSPP 191.5 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 18 MW -842.5
FEB
MAR NATIONAL POWER SUPPLY #3-4 2x135 MW 270.0
APR
MAY
JUN WANG NOI CC#4 800 MW; POWER GEN SUPPLY #1 800 MW; SPP (B GRIM) 90 MW 1,690.0
JUL PEAK GENERATION 28,341.0 MW CHANA CC#2 800 MW 800.0
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY -1,052.0 MW
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR 2,717.5 MW
31
DEC TOTAL CAPACITY 39,720.2 MW POWER_GEN_SUPPLY_#2 800 MW 800.0
2015 JAN RAYONG CC #1-4 (PPA END) -1175.1 MW;
FEB VSPP 167 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 14 MW; BANGLANG DAM (RENOVATE) 12 MW -982.1
MAR
APR
MAY HONG SA #1 491 MW 491.0
JUN SPP COGEN 270 MW 270.0
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY -1,175.1 MW HONG SA #2 491 MW 491.0
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR 269.9 MW
2016 JAN MAI GHOT #1 123 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 16.5 MW 139.5
FEB HONG SA #3 491 MW 491.0
MAR
APR MAI GHOT #2 123 MW 123.0
MAY
JUN PPB TH #2 (PPA END) -70.2 MW; SPP COGEN 270 MW; VSPP 230.5 MW 430.3
JUL PEAK GENERATION 30,754.0 MW KN CC (PPA END) -678 MW; MAI GHOT #3 123 MW; NEW CAPACITY SOUTH 800 MW 245.0
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY -748.2 MW
BANG PAKONG CC #3 (RETIRE) -314 MW;
2017 JAN NAM NGUM 3 440 MW; VSPP 228.5 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 10.5 MW 365.0
FEB
MAR
APR GLOW ENERGY #1 (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
MAY
JUN SPP COGEN 270 MW; LAM TAKHONG PS #3-4 500 MW 770.0
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY -494.0 MW GLOW ENERGY #2 (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
BANG PAKONG CC #4 (RETIRE) -314 MW; NAMPHONG CC#1 (RETIRE) -325 MW;
2018 JAN SPP COGEN 270 MW; VSPP 176 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 30 MW -163.0
FEB TPT UTILITY (PPA END) -9.5 MW -9.5
MAR
APR PTT CHEMICAL (PPA END) -32 MW -32.0
MAY
JUN POWER IMPORT 450 MW 450.0
FIGURE 5.1 THAILAND POWER DEVELOPMENT PLAN (PDP 2010)

SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 926.0 MW
2019 JAN SPP COGEN 270 MW; VSPP 177 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 7.5 MW 454.5
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN MILITARY FANG (PPA END) -4.5 MW; EGAT CLEAN COAL TH #1 800 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW 1,395.5
SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 1,854.5 MW GULF COGENERATION (PPA END) -90 MW; AMATA EGCO POWER (PPA END) -90 MW -180.0
NAMPHONG CC#2 (RETIRE) -325 MW; SOUTH BANGKOK CC #1 (RETIRE) -316 MW;
2020 JAN EGAT NUCLEAR #1 1000 MW; SPP COGEN 270 MW; VSPP 190 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 22 MW 841.0
FEB BANGKOK COGEN (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
MAR
APR
MAY BPK POWER SUPPLY (PPA END) -8 MW -8.0
JUN TECO (PPA END) -700 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW -100.0
AUG MINIMUM RESERVE MARGIN 15.6 % SAMUT PRAKARN COGEN (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 110000
PEAK GENERATION
PEAK GENERATION + 15%

DEPENDABLE CAPACITY
32
POWER DEVELOPMENT PLAN
PDP2010_Base Load GENERATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING DEPARTMENT
LOAD FORECAST : 23 Feb 2010 SYSTEM PLANNING DIVISION
RUN DATE : March 25, 2010 ELECTRICITY GENERATING AUTHORITY OF THAILAND
PEAK AND CAPACITY (MW)
10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 110000 MW
EXISTING CAPACITY 29,212.0
EGAT NUCLEAR #2 1000 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW; SPP COGEN 380 MW; VSPP 135 MW;
2021 JAN EGAT RENEWABLES 60.5 MW 2,175.5
FEB GLOW SPP #1 PROJECT #1 (PPA END) -55 MW -55.0
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN EGAT CLEAN COAL TH #2 800 MW 800.0
SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 2,975.5 MW GLOW SPP #1 PROJECT #2 (PPA END) -55 MW -55.0
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY -200.0 MW NONG KHAE COGEN (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
DEC TOTAL CAPACITY 47,617.9 MW BANG PAKONG TH #3 (RETIRE) -576 MW; EGAT GAS FIRED CC #1 800 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW;
2022 JAN SPP COGEN 360 MW; VSPP 294 MW; EGAT RENEWABLES 36 MW 1,514.0
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
AUG MINIMUM RESERVE MARGIN 16.0 % LAEM CHABANG POWER (PPA END) -60 MW -60.0
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY -726.0 MW AMATA POWER (BPK) (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
WANG NOI CC #1-3 (RETIRE) -1910 MW; SOUTH BANGKOK CC #2 (RETIRE) -562 MW;
BANG PAKONG TH #4 (RETIRE) -576 MW; THEUN HINBOUN (PPA END) -214 MW; EGAT CLEAN COAL TH #3 800 MW;
2023 JAN EGAT GAS FIRED CC #2-6 4000 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW; SPP COGEN 360 MW; VSPP 146 MW 2,644.0
FEB
MAR
APR EASTERN POWER (PPA END) -350 MW; THAI OIL POWER (PPA END) -41 MW -391.0
MAY
JUN

MAE MOH TH #4 (RETIRE) -140 MW;
2024 JAN EGAT NUCLEAR #3 1000 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW; SPP COGEN 360 MW; VSPP 148 MW 1,968.0
FEB TLP COGENERATION (PPA END) -60 MW -60.0
MAR NATIONAL POWER SUPPLY 1 (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
APR GLOW SPP #2 PROJECT #1 (PPA END) -60 MW -60.0
MAY SAHA COGEN (PPA END) -90 MW; THAI POWER SUPPLY #1 (PPA END) -41 MW; GLOW SPP #2 PROJECT #2 (PPA END) - -191.0
JUN ROJANA POWER (PPA END) -90 MW; ROI ET GREEN (PPA END) -8.8 MW -98.8
JUL PEAK GENERATION 42,236.0 NATIONAL POWER SUPPLY 2 (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
MW
SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 2,108.0 MW GLOW SPP #3 PROJECT #1 (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
MAE MOH TH #5-6 (RETIRE) -280 MW; EGAT NUCLEAR #4 1000 MW; EGAT GAS FIRED CC #7 800 MW;
2025 JAN POWER IMPORT 600 MW; SPP COGEN 360 MW; VSPP 163 MW 2,643.0
FEB
MAR
APR GLOW SPP #3 PROJECT #2 (PPA END) -90 MW -90.0
MAY
33
JUN
JUL PEAK GENERATION 43,962.0 DAN CHANG BIO ENERGY (PPA END) -27 MW -27.0
MW
SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 2,923.0 MW PHU KEAW BIO ENERGY (PPA END) -29 MW; INDEPENDENT POWER (THAILAND) (PPA END) -700 MW -729.0
OCT RETIRED CAPACITY -2,664.0 MW THAI NATIONAL POWER (PPA END) -90 MW; SUGAR MITR KALASIN (PPA END) -8 MW -98.0
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR 259.0 MW RATCHABURI TH #1-2 (PPA END) -1440 MW -1,440.0
MAE MOH TH #7 (RETIRE) -140 MW; EGAT CLEAN COAL TH #4-5 1600 MW; EGAT GAS FIRED CC #8-9 1600 MW;
2026 JAN POWER IMPORT 600 MW; SPP COGEN 360 MW; VSPP 159 MW 4,179.0
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
SEP ADDITIONAL CAPACITY 4,319.0 MW BIOMASS POWER (PPA END) -5 MW -5.0
2027 JAN EGAT GAS FIRED CC #10 800 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW; SPP COGEN 360 MW; VSPP 169 MW 1,929.0
FEB MUNG CHAROEN GREEN POWER (PPA END) -8 MW; SATUK BIOMASS (PPA END) -6.5 MW -14.5
MAR
APR
MAY RATCHABURI CC #1-2 (PPA END) -1360 MW -1,360.0
JUN
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR -126.5 MW RATCHABURI CC #3 (PPA END) -681 MW -681.0
KHONKAEN SUGAR POWER (PPA END) -20 MW; EGAT NUCLEAR #5 1000 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW;
2028 JAN EGAT CLEAN COAL TH #6-7 1600 MW; EGAT GAS FIRED CC #11-12 1600 MW; SPP COGEN 360 MW; VSPP 173 5,313.0
FEB GLOW IPP (PPA END) -713 MW -713.0
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
NOV NET CAPACITY IN YEAR 4,525.0 MW ADVANCE AGRO #1 (PPA END) -50 MW -50.0
DEC TOTAL CAPACITY 61,354.6 MW ADVANCE AGRO #2 (PPA END) -25 MW -25.0
2029 JAN MAE MOH TH #8 (RETIRE) -270 MW; EGAT CLEAN COAL TH #8 800 MW; EGAT GAS FIRED CC #13 800 MW;
FEB POWER IMPORT 600 MW; SPP COGEN 360 MW; VSPP 179 MW 2,469.0
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
FIGURE 5.1 THAILAND POWER DEVELOPMENT PLAN (PDP 2010) (continued)

MAE MOH TH #9 (RETIRE) -270 MW; HOUAY HO (PPA END) -126 MW;
2030 JAN EGAT CLEAN COAL TH #9 800 MW; POWER IMPORT 600 MW; SPP COGEN 540 MW; VSPP 179 MW 1,723.0
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 110000
PEAK GENERATION
PEAK GENERATION + 15%
DEPENDABLE CAPACITY
34
6. Demand Side Management (DSM)
Demand Side Management, in other words, Promotion of Electricity Energy

Efficiency is an approach occurring and widespread in the United States of America in 1970s
amid the world energy crisis inducing the world to realize that the production of energy to
meet demand without the concern of energy efficiency would cause many problems such as
energy resource depletion, environmental problems by fuel combustion, etc. Hence, the
promotion of energy efficiency concept has seriously been researched and published to the
public of various actions for effective implementations. It might be said that DSM is an
alternative for power generation and transmission system planning. Incidentally, Thailand is
the first country in Southeast Asia that has launch DSM program tangibly.
Electricity management in Thailand was basically classified into 2 aspects 1)

Supply-Side Management: the planning, construction and provision of power generation to
meet power demand for customers and 2) Demand-Side Management: the measures to adjust
volume and/or characteristics of electricity consumption (End-use). The two main purposes of
this electricity management are 1) to balance demand-side with supply-side by efficient
technologies or by load pattern adjustment for optimal peak load or peak demand and 2) to
strengthen and promote energy conservation.
DSM programs and measures aim to promote and support target groups of
customers to improve their electricity consumption to conform the power supply of electricity
industry with the remaining of customer benefits and satisfaction or the better, for instance,
reducing the costs of both electricity industry and customers, lowering investment cost of
power plant and transmission system construction, and diminishing environmental impacts of
power program development and power generation development.
6.1 Evaluation of Energy Saving by DSM Programs
Presently, electricity saving (energy saving in general) by DSM program can not
be clearly assessed because DSM programs are just programs that promote and support
customers to optimize their benefits of electricity consumption behavior. However, if DSM
programs’ energy saving is considered for PDP arrangement – with subtraction of the
expected energy saved by DSM programs from the load forecast – the such considered DSM
programs must be the new one with high potential of success, and the expected energy saved
35
by DSM programs has been already excluded from the appliance energy efficiency
improvement portion of the Load Forecast model since an energy saved by each DSM
program cannot be exactly evaluated. Only the number of appliances, produced by
manufacturers, distributed to markets each year, and the average electricity saved by each
type of appliance are estimated from DSM program. Additionally, all new appliances
delivered from manufacturers to markets for replacement are not in use synchronously, so
energy saving target of DSM programs seems to be out of reach. Therefore, before subtraction
of the expected energy saved by DSM programs from the appliance energy efficiency
improvement portion of the load forecast, the energy saving target of DSM programs must be
reduced by the involvement in electricity saving probability, electricity saving potential,
electricity consumptions, and duration. The expected energy saved by DSM programs must
not be included in the appliance energy efficiency improvement portion of the Load Forecast
model in order to avoid the over deduction – of the saving of DSM programs from future
power demand forecast – that will cause an error or incorrect load forecast, inducing
insufficient power capacity provided to meet the future power demand.
6.2 DSM Program Consideration
To adjust power demand forecast accurately and appropriately, DSM programs

having been launched and already exist in the appliance energy efficiency improvement
portion of Load Forecast model are not taken into account for this load forecast – for
example, T8 fluorescent lamp program and Label No.5 program (Air conditioner,
Refrigerator) the energy saving of these two programs are not taken into account into the
appliance energy efficiency improvement portion of this load forecast because the energy
saving of such two programs are hidden under electricity consumption of the Load Forecast
model, in other words this Load Forecast model has already contained electricity saving
growth rate of these DSM programs. Thus, new DSM programs similar to the Label No.5
program are considered already exist in the appliance energy efficiency improvement portion
of the Load Forecast models, and then new Label No. 5 energy saving target can not be
subtracted from this power demand forecast.
Hence, the energy saved by DSM programs to be subtracted from power demand
forecast must be the one from new DSM programs or new-appliance programs influencing
customer electricity consumption behavior nationwide with replacement the old appliances by
the new and higher efficiency ones that have never been on the market before, such as
36
replacing T8 fluorescent lamps with new T5 fluorescent lamps program – this is only a
program that its expected energy saved for subtraction form power demand forecast is
applied. The purpose of the T5 program is to reduce electricity consumption of business and
industrial sectors in order to reduce power demand of the country in terms of peak demand
and energy.
6.3 Reduction of Energy Saving Target by Electrical Usage Characteristic of

Appliances
For energy saving target evaluation of DSM programs, it does not reflex a true
picture to assume that all new appliances delivered from manufacturers to markets are in use
synchronously (some appliances are in use and some are not). Thus, the study of appliance
operation probability and appliance operation duration is required. The study of electricity
consumption behavior of each appliance is also necessary to be carried out for receiving
necessary load profile information, in order to determine how much percentage of all energy
required of each appliance at peak period.
Criteria of DSM Programs for Electricity Demand Forecast Deduction

1. The programs must not be continuous programs, for example, energy efficiency
improvement programs that are already included in Load Forecast model.
2. The programs must be new programs that affect electricity consumption
behavior. Up to this time, only the energy saved from T5 fluorescent lamp program promoted
can be subtracted from power demand forecast.
3. In the future, when the short-term DSM program promoting plan ends,
additional DSM programs should be promoted for continuity of efficient electricity
consumption.
6.4 DSM Program for Power Demand Forecast Adjustment
1. The Promotion of New T5 Fluorescent Lamp Program (T8 Fluorescent

Lamp Replacement Program)
Program Target: To promote new T5 fluorescent lamps to replace old T8
fluorescent lamps, especially in business and industrial sectors, amounting 83 million lamps
within 2015.
37
Implementation Guidelines: Encouraging both new and old commercial
buildings and industrial buildings to use new T5 fluorescent lamps with financial assistance of
two-years loan provision from EGAT without interest.
Table 6.1 Energy Saving Target of New T5 Fluorescent Lamp Program (Accumulated)
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Peak (MW) 43 129 215 344 473 584 498 369 198
Energy (MWh) 210 629 1049 1,678 2,307 2,852 2,433 1,804 965
Source: EPPO
2. Future Energy Saving Target of DSM Programs

DSM program of the new T5 fluorescent lamp program promotion will end in
2018. However, EGAT has already planned further energy saving target of new programs for
the future. The expectation of energy saving rate of 2019 should be trended to improve greater
than that of 2018 of around 21 percent – an average growth of energy saving rate of 2010 to
2018. It is also anticipated that after 2019 the energy saving rate is kept constant throughout
the forecast period. Therefore, during 2019 to 2030, the load forecast of peak demand and
energy demand are approximately reduced by 240 MW per year and 1,170 MWh per year
respectively.
38
7. Renewable Energy
7.1 The 15 Years Alternative Energy Development Plan of the Ministry of Energy
At present, Thailand imports variety forms of energy which worth many millions
Baht. The energy crisis in the past few years has caused energy prices rising up and affected
economic development countrywide. This was because energy is a major economic driving
factor. The crisis also made us realize that energy from some fossil fuels (i.e. oil, natural gas,
etc.) is running out. Therefore, the Ministry of Energy has come up with a policy to develop
the renewable energy (RE) and released the Alternative Energy Development Plan (AEDP)
for a fifteen years period (2008–2022). The objective of AEDP is to increase the portfolio of
renewable energy to 20.3 % of the final energy consumption in 2022. At the end of the plan,
the portion of renewable energy in power generation shall be 2.4% or 5,608 MW. The 15
Years ADEP can be separated into three terms as followings:
(1) Short Term (2008–2011): To promote viable renewable technologies with

high potential resources. The cumulative target to develop the renewable energy during this
period is 3,273 MW or equivalent to 1,587 ktoe.
(2) Medium Term (2012–2016): To promote renewable technology industry

and prototype development of renewable technologies in order to enhance their economic
return on investment. It is also to promote the use of any new technologies, which can
strengthen power generation from alternative energy resources at community level. The
cumulative target to develop the renewable energy during this period is 4,191 MW or
equivalent to 1,907 ktoe.
(3) Long Term (2017–2022): To promote novel renewable technologies with

feasible investment and to extend their practice as distributed generation to local areas. The
cumulative target to develop the renewable energy during this period is 5,608 MW or
equivalent to 2,290 ktoe.
Details can be seen in Appendix 9.
39
7.2 EGAT’s Renewable Energy Projects
The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) has developed

renewable energy for power generation since 1978. At the beginning, the projects were
majorly relevant to Research and Development (R&D) of generation system prototypes for all
entities involved. Thereafter, they were extended to the public development practices. To
date, EGAT has several generating units of renewable energy such as Wind Turbine Power
Plant at Lam Takhong, Wind Turbine Power Plant at Promthep Alternative Energy Station,
Solar Power Plant at Pha Bong, and Solar Power Plant at Sirindhorn dam. Furthermore,
EGAT has been developing a number of small hydropower projects at existing dams of the
Royal Irrigation Department (RID) since 2004. The main purpose of the projects is to
maximize the utilization of water resource with hydropower generation.
To pursue EGAT’s renewable energy development and to response to the policy of

the Ministry of Energy, EGAT prepared its Renewable Energy Development Plan for Power
Generation (Preliminary Plan) considering 4 renewable resources suitable for EGAT, i.e.
wind energy, solar energy, small hydropower at existing RID dams and biomass.
This preliminary plan took into accounts the practical possibility, impacts over
electricity tariff, public concerns and the Government’s investment including:
1. Generation cost
2. Dependence on foreign technologies and investment
3. Environmental impacts and public concerns
4. Conditions and constraints on connection to the power grid
5. Dependable capacity
6. Potential of project sites
It designated not only commercially feasible power generation from renewable

energy, whose production cost is not higher than the sum of average bulk tariff plus the
Government’s Adder Subsidy, but also semi research prototype projects that promote clean
energy according to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policy and enable the assessment
of each technology’s actual capability. The plan is still under detailed study and subject to be
further amended. It can also be divided into three periods as tabulated in the next page and
more information is elaborated in Appendix 9.
40
Table 7.1 Generating Capacity in EGAT’s Renewable Energy Development Plan
Unit: MW
Short Term Medium Term Long Term
Total
(2008–2011) (2012–2016) (2017–2022)
Small Hydro 48.7 86.0 59.0 193.7
Wind Energy 20.5 19.0 89.0 128.5
Solar Energy 1.0 0.5 0.5 2.0
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) - 7.5 7.5 15.0
Total 70.2 113.0 156.0 339.2
7.3 Small Power Producers Using Renewable Energy
Small Power Producers (SPPs) are private power producers selling electricity to
EGAT. Their generating capacity is 10–90 MW and employ Combined Heat and Power
(CHP) or Cogeneration systems burning conventional fuels (i.e. natural gas and coal) or
renewable technologies using non-conventional resources (i.e. waste, agricultural residues,
biomass and solar energy) in electricity generation.
The power purchase from SPPs was originated in 1992. The Cabinet endorsed the
initial Regulations for the Purchase of Power from SPPs on 17 March 1992. Later, on 27
October 1993, the National Energy Policy Council (NEPC) had a resolution to raise
maximum contract capacity of each SPP to 90 MW. On 28 November 1995, the Cabinet
agreed to expand the total purchased capacity from SPPs to 1,444 MW and 3,200 MW in
1995 and 1996, respectively. Thereafter, on 9 July 1996, the Cabinet approved the unlimited
purchase capacity and duration from SPPs that generate power from non-conventional
resources such as biomass or residues. Besides, the “Adder” incentive scheme has been
commenced in 2007 to encourage power generation harnessing renewable resources.
According to PDP 2010, the total purchase capacity from SPPs using renewable
technologies during 2010–2015 is 1,045 MW comprising 315 MW of Firm Contracts and 730
MW of Non-Firm Contracts. Details are displayed in Table 7.2.
As of January 2010, the contract capacity of 35 potential SPPs using renewable

energy was 902.923 MW consisting of 395.3 MW Firm Contracts (18 projects) and 507.623
MW Non-Firm Contracts (17 projects).
41
Table 7.2 Purchase Capacity from SPPs Using Renewable Technologies
Unit: MW
Fuel Type 2010 2011 2012 – 2015 Total
SPP – Firm Contract
Biomass 90 160 65 315
SPP – Non-Firm Contract
Biomass 29 - - 29
Biogas 6 - - 6
Solar Energy - 85 90 175
Wind Energy 340 180 - 520
Total 465 425 155 1,045
However, there were only 26 commissioned projects with a total capacity of

384.923 MW including 17 Firm Contracts (305.3 MW) and 9 Non-Firm Contracts (79.623
MW). The other 9 upcoming projects were composed of 1 Firm Contract (90 MW) and 8
Non-Firm Contracts (428.0 MW). Details are attached in Appendix 9.
7.4 Very Small Power Producers Using Renewable Energy
Very Small Power Producers (VSPPs) are private power producers selling
electricity to the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA) or the Provincial Electricity
Authority (PEA) with generating capacity of less than 10 MW. They can be Combined Heat
and Power (CHP) or Cogeneration systems or renewable technologies using non-conventional
resources (i.e. waste, agricultural residues, biomass, and solar energy).
In 2002, the Government of Thailand introduced policies to promote power

generation from non-conventional resources and renewable energy with a very small capacity
of not greater than 1 MW selling electricity to power distribution utilities.
Considering the advancements and high potential of renewable technologies, it

was found that VSPPs using renewable energy are also feasible for the generating capacity
greater than 1 MW. As a result, NEPC agreed to enlarge VSPP’s contract capacity from 1
MW to 10 MW on 4 September 2006. As well as SPPs using renewable technologies, all
VSPPs are applicable to the “Adder” scheme.
42
It was anticipated that power generation from renewable energy will increase
dramatically and be strategically important to the sustainable development of the country.
Consequently, PDP 2010 took much more involve in this matter than the previous PDPs did.
The following considerations are how to cooperate VSPPs in the plan.
− The Period of 2010–2022: The purchased capacity from VSPPs using

renewable energy was framed upon the 15 Years AEDP of the Ministry of Energy. The total
capacity operated by EGAT, SPPs and VSPPs in each year is not less than that allocated in
the AEDP. VSPPs selling power to PEA in 2010–2013 are listed in Appendix 9. The available
projects are:
1. Projects that are completely constructed and awaiting the Electricity
Generating License,
2. Projects that are under construction, and
3. Projects that already submitted security against their electricity selling
proposal
− The Period of 2023–2030: The purchased capacity from VSPPs using

renewable energy is according to the projection of distribution power utilities. The percentage
of electrical energy from renewable technologies is targeted at not less than 5% of the total
production in 2030.
As of December 2009, there were 159 VSPPs using renewable energy with the
total capacity of 350.3 MW connected to distribution utilities. It can be differentiated by fuel
type as followings: 51 solar energy projects (7.8 MW), 41 biogas projects (43.0 MW), 53
biomass projects (287.8 MW), 8 MSW projects (10.8 MW), 3 small hydro projects (0.5 MW),
and 3 wind energy projects (0.4 MW). Details can be seen in Appendix 9.
43
Table 7.3 Purchase Capacity from VSPPs Using Renewable Technologies
Unit: MW
Small-
Year Biomass Biogas Solar MSW Wind Total
Hydro
2010 235.0 20.0 5.0 44.0 - 27.0 331.0
2011 186.0 17.0 6.0 20.0 50.0 2.0 236.0
2012 44.0 9.0 27.0 20.0 60.0 2.0 162.0
2013 100.0 4.0 34.0 8.0 35.0 - 181.0
2014 50.0 6.0 50.0 10.0 47.5 27.0 190.5
2015 50.0 7.0 50.0 6.0 50.0 2.0 165.0
2016 120.0 4.0 50.0 0.5 50.0 - 224.5
2017 80.0 10.0 50.0 5.0 73.5 9.0 227.5
2018 50.0 7.0 50.0 5.0 61.0 - 173.0
2019 40.0 5.0 50.0 5.0 70.0 - 170.0
2020 60.0 3.0 50.0 5.0 70.0 - 188.0
2021 60.0 3.0 50.0 - 20.0 - 133.0
2022 190.0 2.0 50.0 5.0 40.0 - 287.0
2023 80.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 9.0 - 145.0
2024 80.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 10.0 - 146.0
2025 90.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 10.0 - 156.0
2026 90.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 11.0 - 157.0
2027 100.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 12.0 - 168.0
2028 100.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 12.0 - 168.0
2029 110.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 13.0 - 179.0
2030 110.0 3.0 50.0 3.0 13.0 - 179.0
Total 2,025.0 121.0 922.0 157.5 672.0 69.3 3,966.8
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8. Cogeneration System
8.1 Small Power Producer Using Cogeneration System
On 16 January 2007, the Cabinet endorsed the NEPC’s resolution on 26 December

2006 which extended the capacity of all SPPs from 3,200 MW to 4,000 MW. EGAT then
announced to purchase 500 MW of electricity from cogeneration SPPs under Firm Contract.
There were 28 tenders with 2,191 MW, which was much above the announced capacity. As a
result, on 31 August 2007, NEPC had EGAT pause receiving the proposal from such SPP
projects. On 16 November 2007, NEPC eventually agreed to let the purchased power from
cogeneration SPPs exceed 500 MW, but cumulatively not more than 4,000 MW.
On 24 August 2009, NEPC had a resolution to promote power generation by

cogeneration system. This program was later approved by the Cabinet on 8 September 2009.
Its goal is to receive power from Cogeneration SPPs under Firm Contract up to 2,000 MW in
2015 – 2021 and more in the future years, as described in PDP 2010 and summarized below.
− The Period of 2010–2014: The purchased capacity from Firm and Non-Firm
Contract SPPs is 1,604 MW and 40 MW, respectively. The total capacity is 1,644 MW.
− The Period of 2015–2021: The total purchased capacity from Firm Contract
SPPs using cogeneration system is 2,000 MW; 270 MW is annually scheduled in 2015–2020
and the remaining 380 MW is in 2021.
− The Period of 2022–2030: The annual purchased capacity is forecast to be
360 MW in 2022–2029 and 540 MW in 2030, which makes 3,420 MW in total.
As of January 2010, the contract capacity of 50 potential SPPs using cogeneration

system was 3,600 MW comprising 3,391 MW Firm Contracts (43 projects) and 209 MW
Non-Firm Contracts (7 projects).
Among these, only 31 projects with a total capacity of 1,956 MW were

commissioned including 25 Firm Contracts (1,788 MW) and 6 Non-Firm Contracts (169
MW). The other 19 upcoming projects consisted of 18 Firm Contracts (1,604 MW) and 1
Non-Firm Contract (40 MW). Details are showed in Appendix 9.
45
8.2 Very Small Power Producer Using Cogeneration System
On 6 November 2006, NEPC had a resolution on “National Power Development

Policy and Plan” which was subsequently endorsed by the Cabinet on 21 November 2006. Its
main objective is to support energy conservation and efficiency through a suitable purchase
from cogeneration SPPs, regarding the Regulations for the Purchase of Power from SPPs and
VSPPs.
On 8 September 2009, the Cabinet approved the NEPC’s resolution on 24 August

2006 to promote power generation from cogeneration system. The promotion scheme
encourages power purchase from VSPPs using cogeneration system with unlimited duration
and capacity.
However, the purchased power from cogeneration VSPPs assembled in PDP 2010
is only 113 MW as estimated by distribution utilities.
As of December 2009, there were 17 projects of cogeneration VSPPs with a total

capacity of 70.65 MW. They include 2 commissioned projects (6.0 MW), 11 PPA signed
projects (53.6 MW), 1 approved project (3.6 MW) and 3 under consideration projects (7.45
MW). Details are elaborated in Appendix 9.
46
9. Nuclear Power Plant Projects
9.1 Evolution of Nuclear Power Plants
The basic mechanism of nuclear power plants (NPPs) is the same as that of other
thermal power plants. They only harness heat from nuclear fission chain reaction, instead of
fossil fuels. Two major parts in NPPs are:
1. Nuclear Reactor is where nuclear reactions take place and used as an energy
source to boil steam that drives generator’s turbine.
2. Generator is where turbine blades are turned to generate electricity.
Nuclear technologies have been long researched and developed. They can be
divided into 4 generations.
1st Generation Nuclear Reactor: Early Prototypes Reactors (1950-1969)

Studies and researches on NPPs were originated to invent laboratory prototypes
and to acquire practical knowledge including characteristics of reactor core, fuel compounds,
moderators, etc.
2nd Generation Nuclear Reactor: Commercial Power Reactors (1969-1990)

To generate low cost energy, commercial reactors were built upon available
technologies. Although reactors of this generation are not rather complicated, they are widely
accepted and employed; many are still in operation. However, some aspects need continuous
improvements such as security system, endurance, efficiency, construction time and radioactive
wastes.
3rd Generation Nuclear Reactor: Advanced LWRs, and

3rd Generation Nuclear Reactor Plus: Evolutionary Design (1990-2030)
The leading technologies of 2nd Generation, i.e. Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR),
Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) and Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), were further
developed. Construction period were shortened from 7 years to only 3-4 years. Fuel life was
prolonged and thus lessened radioactive waste. Electromechanical equipment was integrated
with natural forces, such as gravity and evaporation (Passive Safety System), and able to work
independently to handle a number of simultaneous emergency incidents.
47
9.2 Necessity of NPPs in Thailand
Despite lack of confidence in safety of earlier NPPs, present technologies have

been focused on this matter and much far advanced, and thus more public acceptance. As of
February 2010, there were 436 NPPs in operation in 30 countries and 53 NPPs under
construction worldwide. Consequently, NPP is a competitive option in long term PDP with
several advantages as followings:
1. Serving the Increasing Power Demand

Thailand is a developing country with a sizeable population growth. Its
electrical demand continuously increases. Therefore, NPP is a promising alternative to fulfill
the country’s future electrical needs.
2. Improving National Power System and Energy Security

Fossil fuels are terminable, particularly very limited natural gas in the Gulf of
Thailand. At present, Thailand’s Electricity Supply Industry (ESI) depends largely on natural
gas, more than 70% of total energy generation. To reduce risks of fuel shortage, fuel types and
fuel sources should be better diversified. To raise system reliability, base load power plants
should be steady and efficient. NPPs have more than 80% capacity factor and abundant fuel
supply. Furthermore, they can be operated for 18 consecutive months per one fuel loading. As
a result, NPP is competent option.
3. Enhancing System Efficiency and Reliability

Comparing electricity production from different fuels, it was found that 1 kg
coal yields 3 kWh; 1 kg natural gas yields 4 kWh and; 1 kg Uranium yields 50,000 kWh. High
heat rate and low fuel consumption rate of NPPs makes them very efficient and reliable power
plants.
4. Lowering Risks of Fuel Price

Since global fuel deficiency has fluctuated fossil fuel prices vastly, fuel
diversification becomes very essential. Uranium price is stable, inexpensive and unbound to
crude oil price. Hence, it can lessen uncertainty of fuel costs and electricity tariff.
48
5. Being Clean Energy
Unlike fossil fuel fired power plants, NPPs do not discharge greenhouse gases
and other pollutions (NOx, SO2, CO2). EGAT and the Government of Thailand realized that
global warming and climate change is a serious issue, and therefore considered NPP as an
alternative in PDP 2010.
9.3 Progress of NPP Projects in Thailand
On 9 April 2007, the National Energy Policy Council (NEPC) had agreed on the
principle of PDP 2007 introducing NPP as an alternative future supply. Thereafter, NEPC
appointed the Nuclear Power Infrastructure Preparation Committee (NPIPC) and its
subcommittees to carry out preparatory works for nuclear power program which were
reported as Nuclear Power Infrastructure Establishment Plan (NPIEP). On 30 October 2007,
the Nuclear Power Program Development Office (NPPDO) was established under the Ministry
of Energy to coordinate the NPIEP implementation during 2008-2010 including work plan and
budget for NPPDO. On 18 December 2007, the Cabinet appointed the Nuclear Power
Infrastructure Establishment Coordination Committee (NPIECC).
There are 5 sub-committees under NPIECC to coordinate the NPIEP

implementation:
1. The Sub-committee on Legal System, Regulatory System and International

Protocols
2. The Sub-committee on Nuclear Power Utility Planning Coordination
3. The Sub-committee on Industrial and Commercial Infrastructure, Technology
Development and Transfer, and Human Resources Development
4. The Sub-committee on Nuclear Safety and Environmental Issues
5. The Sub-committee on Public Information and Public Acceptance
EGAT, as the major agency in the Sub-committee on Nuclear Power Utility

Planning Coordination, hired Burns and Roe Asia Co., Ltd. to perform feasibility study of NPP
development preparation in Thailand in various aspects. The study lasted for 20 months
starting from 1 October 2008 and covers:
49
Task 1 : Energy Economics and Financing
Task 2 : Technical and Safety Aspects of Nuclear Power
Task 3 : Fuel Cycle and Waste Management
Task 4 : Reactor Technology, Supplier and Fuel Supplier Selection
Task 5 : Site and Environmental Study
Task 6 : Human Resources Development and Management Aspects
9.4 NPPs in PDP 2010
Considering the capacity of NPPs not higher than 10% of system’s capacity, due to
applicable investment plan and implementation procedures, it is concluded that the appropriate
unit size of 1,000 MW entering the system shall not be more than 1 unit each year. Their
commissioning schedule is as below:
Nuclear Power Plant Unit #1 1,000 MW in 2020

50
10. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction in Power Sector
10.1 Climate Change
Global Warming is one of the current hot issues discussed throughout the world
due to its vast negative impacts to worldwide population. The obvious impact of global
warming is Climate Change causing many global perilous problems such as temperature and
sea level rise, severe flooding unusual weather and unseasonable rain, inducing the society
and economy concerns.
Climate Change is caused by the solar radiation absorbed by earth surface and sea
water. Normally, some of this solar radiation reflects back out of the earth to the space in
form of heat wave for atmosphere temperature balancing. However, with something called
“Greenhouse Gases” under the surrounding atmosphere, solar radiation reflection is improper
to let the less back to the space and the much still under the atmosphere. This phenomenon,
inducing heat accumulation both on the earth surface and under the atmosphere, is called
“Greenhouse Effect” coming after the increasing of Greenhouse Gases under the atmosphere.
Greenhouse gases (GHG) are Carbon dioxide (CO2,), Methane (CH4),

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Ozone (O3) and Nitrous oxide (N2O) with properties of well-
absorbed heat wave and infrared radiation. The amount of those concentrated gases directly
affects atmosphere temperature maintainability. Without GHG, the earth temperature will
rapidly change (extremely hot in the daytime and extremely cold at night) with the reason that
GHG absorb heat during daytime and gradually release it at night-time to keep the earth warm
without rapid temperature change. Too much GHG in the atmosphere, the capability of
atmosphere heat absorbing increases, resulting in a high average atmosphere temperature.
Therefore, the GHG emission should be controlled at appropriate amounts.
Some GHG such as Carbon dioxide (CO2) occurs naturally, and are emitted to the
atmosphere through natural processes and human activities, and enters the atmosphere
through the burning of fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal) and deforestation. Methane
(CH4) emission results from livestock, agricultural practices and the decay of organic waste in
municipal solid waste landfills. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is emitted by the process of soil biology
during agricultural activities as synthetic fertilization. Halocarbons (as CFCs), produced as a
51
direct result of human's activities, and having the greatest potential as greenhouse gases, are
resulting from industrial process.
10.2 Carbon Dioxide Emission Control Policies
GHG emission control helps delay the increasing rate of global warming in several
ways, such as limiting amount of GHG from the emission sources. For energy sector, power
generation is a source of CO2 emission increase through the burning of fossil fuels as natural
gas, coal, and oil.
In order to control CO2 amounts emitted from power generation, a policy of the
appropriate proportion of fossil fuels used for electricity generation should be investigated
and defined. However, to maintain the stability of power system as its technical requirements,
an alternative energy is later inquired and selected to reinforce power system when the portion
of fossil fuels used was already adjusted.
Actually, not only fossil fuels, but also alternative energy can be used for
electricity generation to reinforce the power system. The important reason to select the
alternative energy such as hydro power, solar power, wind power, nuclear power, and etc. as
fuels for power generation is their zero CO2 emission. With the individual limitation of each
power generation technology, high generation cost and unreliable power generation,
electricity generation should not rely solely on one fuel source. Fuel diversification for power
generation with appropriate proportion is necessary.
To obtain well-developed power development plan, basic criteria to be generally

considered are national energy policies and technical criteria. More importantly, the climate
change criteria as CO2 emission level of power sector are also taken into account for this PDP
2010 arrangement. Therefore, the CO2 emission control policy was given by the Ministry of
Energy, targeting on reduction of the average CO2 emission level per generation unit (kg
CO2/kWh). The target was set, by 2020, that the average CO2 emission level per generation
unit (kg CO2/kWh) of the PDP 2010 must be lower than that of the PDP 2007: Revision 2,
and then during 2021 to 2030 the average CO2 emission rate must be at a suitable level.
Estimation of CO2 emission amounts of fossil fuel power generation of this PDP
2010 is calculated with reference to the international principles as the 2006 IPCC Guidelines
for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (more details shown in Table 10.1).
52
Table 10.1 Estimated CO2 Emission Amounts as Power Development Plan
(Unit: kg CO2/kWh)
Year PDP 2007: Revision 2 PDP 2010
2010 0.464 0.482
2011 0.459 0.471
2012 0.459 0.470
2013 0.456 0.462
2014 0.447 0.468
2015 0.440 0.448
2016 0.452 0.423
2017 0.465 0.408
2018 0.456 0.398
2019 0.445 0.401
2020 0.425 0.387
2021 0.406 0.374
2022 - 0.373
2023 - 0.381
2024 - 0.361
2025 - 0.341
2026 - 0.357
2027 - 0.354
2028 - 0.363
2029 - 0.367
2030 - 0.368
53
11. Transmission System Development Plan
Transmission System Development Projects/Investment Plans in PDP 2010 during

2010–2030 consist of:
11.1 Bulk Power Supply Project for the Greater Bangkok Area Phase 2
The Bulk Power Supply Project for the Greater Bangkok Area Phase 2 (BSB2) is
successive from the Phase 1 Project. The project comprises subprojects converting existing
230 kV transmission lines to 500 kV voltage level, adding transformers and reactive power
compensation and constructing new 230 kV substations to cope with the increasing power
demand in metropolitan area. The scope of work of BSB2 is to maintain and increase system
reliability and to support the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA)’s long term distribution
system expansion plan. It is planned to be completed during 2009–2012.
This project was approved by the Cabinet on 8 August 2006.
11.2 Bulk Power Supply Project for the Greater Bangkok Area Phase 3
The Bulk Power Supply Project for the Greater Bangkok Area Phase 3 (BSB3) is
the next phase of EGAT system development to meet the growing demand in Bangkok and its
vicinity. One of the subprojects in BSB3 is the upgrading of existing 500 kV transmission lines
from 230 kV to 500 kV operating level to increase system reliability. It is planned to be
completed during 2014–2016.
11.3 Transmission System Development Project for Power Purchase from Lao
PDR (Nam Ngum 2 Hydro Power Plant)
This project is to construct 500 kV double-circuit transmission lines from Udon

Thani 3 Substation to Thailand-Lao PDR border at Nong Khai Province with a distance of
approximately 80 km to conduct purchased electricity from Nam Ngum 2 Hydro Power
Project (597 MW) to EGAT system. It is planned to be completed in 2010 and initially
energized at 230 kV level.
This project was approved by the Cabinet on 22 August 2006.

11.4 500 kV Transmission System Development Project for IPP Power Plants
54
This project is to construct the third and the forth 500 kV transmission circuits
from Pluak Daeng Substation to Nong Chok T Junction and connect to Wang Noi Substation
to cope with power purchase from Independent Power Producers (IPP) power plants. It is
planned to be completed in 2011.
11.5 Transmission System Expansion Project No. 11
This project is planned to be implemented nationwide except for the Greater

Bangkok Area, of which the reinforcement plan was exclusively proposed. It is aimed to
handle the increasing demand and maintain the system reliability. This project is a subsequence
of Transmission System Expansion Project No.10 (TS.10). Moreover, this project will support
Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA)’s distribution expansion plan to other areas efficiently.
It is planned to be completed during 2010 – 2012.
This project was approved by the Cabinet on 2 October 2007.
11.6 Transmission System Expansion Project No. 12-14
These projects are succeeding programs of transmission system expansion project

No.11 (TS.11). The expected completion year of each project is:
Projects Completion Year

TS.12 2014 – 2016
TS.13 2017 – 2019
TS.14 2020 – 2022
PDR (Theun Hinboun Expansion Phase)
This project is to enhance EGAT’s transmission system by construction of a new

230 kV Nakhon Phanom Substation, re-conducting 230 kV transmission lines from Thailand-
Lao PDR border at Nakhon Phanom Province to Nakhon Phanom 2 Substation and
construction of other 230 kV and 115 kV transmission lines to convey electric power from the
55
existing Theun Hinboun Hydro Power Plant Project and Theun Hinboun Expansion Project,
totally 440 MW, to Thailand. It is planned to be completed in 2012.
11.8 Transmission System Development Project for IPP Power Plants (Phase 2)
This project is to link the awarded IPPs in PDP 2007 Revision 1 to EGAT’s
system, which are anticipated to commission in 2011–2013. These awarded IPPs include
GHECO-One Co.,Ltd, National Power Supply Co.,Ltd, Siam Energy Co.,Ltd and Power
Generation Supply Co.,Ltd, totally 4,400 MW. It is planned to be completed during 2011–
2013.
PDR (Hongsa Lignite-Fired Thermal Power Plant)
This project will be implemented to tackle power import from 3x626 MW

Hongsa Lignite-Fired Thermal Power Plant Project. It is planned to be completed in 2014.
11.10 Transmission System Development Project for Power Purchase from

Myanmar (Mai Khot Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant)
This project will be implemented to undertake electric power from 3x135 MW

Mai Khot Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant Project. It is planned to be completed in 2015.
11.11 Transmission System Development Project for EGAT’s New Power Plants
This project is to connect EGAT’s new power plants to the grid. The new power
plant projects are as followings:
Capacity Commissioning
Power Plant Fuel Type
(MW) Date
Wang Noi Combined Cycle Power Plant Project Natural Gas 800 June 2014
Chana Combined Cycle Power Plant Project Natural Gas 800 July 2014
56
11.12 Transmission System Development Project for EGAT’s Coal-Fired Thermal
Power Plant
This project is to link EGAT’s future coal-fired thermal power plants to EGAT’s
system, which will diversify fuel sources for power generation, decrease the proportion of
natural gas use and increase system reliability. It is planned to be finished in 2019.
11.13 Transmission System Development Project for EGAT’s Nuclear Power

Plant
This project is to connect EGAT’s future nuclear power plants to EGAT’s

system, which will diversify fuel mix in power generation, reduce percentage of natural gas
share and improve system reliability. It is expected to be completed in 2020.
11.14 Transmission System Development Project for EGAT’s Combined Cycle

Power Plant
This project is to link EGAT’s new combined-cycle power plants to the grid, to
maintain power supply and enhance system reliability. The first 800 MW combined cycle
power plant is scheduled to be on line in 2022.
11.15 Transmission System Development Project for Power Purchase from

Neighboring Countries
This project is targeted to decline the portion of natural gas and other fuel
resources for power generation as well as to follow accomplish the Government’s policy on
collaboration with neighboring countries. To purchase electricity from neighboring countries,
feasibility study for each potential project will be evaluated for the country’s benefits.
11.16 New Transmission Interconnection Project between Su-Ngai Kolok

Substation (EGAT) and Rantau Panjang Substation (TNB)
This project is to construct new transmission interconnection between EGAT’s

Su-Ngai Kolok Substation in Narathiwat Province and TNB’s Rantau Panjang Substation in
Kelantan State, Malaysia, to increase system reliability by importing power from Malaysia via
another route. The scope of work covers 132 kV double-circuit transmission lines from Su-
57
Ngai Kolok Substation to Thailand-Malaysia border at Narathiwat Province and two units of
132/115 kV 100 MVA tie transformer at Su-Ngai Kolok Substation. The maximum import
power is approximately 100 MW. It is expected to be done in September 2010.
11.17 Transmission System Expansion and Renovation Project
This project is to increase system reliability and to enable more efficient power
transmission. EGAT’s substations and transmission lines have been in operation for long time.
Efficiency of substation equipment and transmission lines is decreased as being operated. It is
planned to be finished during 2013-2017.
11.18 Miscellaneous Transmission System Expansion Project for SPP Power

Plants
According to Thai Government’s policy, private sector is encouraged to

participate in power generation from renewable energy. This policy is intended to reduce
imported energy resources and maximize the utilization of domestic renewable energy as well
as promoting more efficient energy use of cogeneration system. Once EGAT agrees to
purchase electricity from any SPP, it will prepare to develop expanded transmission system to
receive power from that SPP as appropriate.
58
Table 11.1 Transmission System Expansion Projects/Investment Plans
during 2010 – 2020 (PDP 2010)
Projects Commissioning
A. Approved and On-going Project/Investment Plans
1. Bulk Power Supply for the Greater Bangkok Area Phase 2 2009-2012
2. Transmission System Development for Power Purchase from 2010

Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 2 Hydro Power Plant Project)
3. 500 kV Transmission System Development Project for IPP 2011

Power Plants
4. Transmission System Expansion Project No.11 (2007-2011) 2010-2012
5. Transmission System Project for IPP Power Projects 2011-2013

Lao PDR (Theun Hinboun Expansion Project)
B. Future Project
1. New Transmission Interconnection between Su-ngai Kolok 2012

Substation (EGAT) and Rantau Panjang Substation (TNB)
2. Transmission System Expansion and Renovation Project 2013-2017

Lao PDR (Hongsa Lignite-Fired Thermal Power Plant
Project)

Myanmar (Mai Khot Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant
Project)
5. Bulk Power Supply for the Greater Bangkok Area Phase 3 2014-2016
(2010-2016)
9. Miscellaneous Transmission System Expansion for Small 2013-2020

Power Producer (SPP) Power Plants
59
60
Appendices
61
62
Appendix 1
Comparison of Thailand Power Development Plans
63
64
COMPARISON BETWEEN THAILAND PDP 2007 REVISION 2 AND PDP 2010
( 2010 - 2021 )
PDP 2007 Revision 2 PDP 2010
Year
Power Plants MW Power Plants MW
2010 VSPP (Jan.) 10 VSPP (Jan) 367
Chao Phraya Dam # 2 (Mar) 6 SPP (Renewables) (Jun) 90
North Bangkok CC #1 (May) 670 Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Theun 2) (Mar) 920
Mae Kllong Dam # 1-2 (Aug, Dec) 2x6 North Bangkok CC #1 (May) 670
Pasak Jolasid Dam (Oct) 6.7 SPP (Cogeneration) (Nov) 90
Khun Dan Prakarnchon Dam (Nov) 10
SPP (Cogeneration) (Nov) 90
2011 VSPP (Jan) 48 VSPP (Jan) 258
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 2) (Jan) 597 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 18
Kwae Noi Dam # 1-2 (Jan, Apr) 2x15 Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 2) (Jan) 597
Naresuan Dam (Feb) 8 Chao Phraya Dam #1-2 (Jan) 2x6
SPP (Renewables) (Aug) 250 SPP (Renewables) (Jun) 160
GHECO-ONE Co., Ltd. (Nov) 660 Naresuan Dam (Oct) 8
GHECO-ONE Co., Ltd. (Nov) 660
SPP (Renewables) (Jan) 65 Mae Klong Dam #1-2 (Jan) 2x6
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Theun Hinboun Ext.) (Jul) 220 Khun Dan Prakarnchon Dam (Apr) 10
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 924 Pasak Jolasid Dam (May) 7
SPP (Renewables) (Jun) 65
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun-Dec) 704
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Theun Hinboun Ext.) (Jul) 220
Siam Energy Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Mar, Sep) 2x800 Kwae Noi Dam #1-2 (Jan) 2x15
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 540 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 24
National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Nov) 2x135 SPP (Cogeneration) (Mar-Sep) 720
Siam Energy Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Mar, Sep) 2x800
National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Nov) 2x135
National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #3-4 (Mar) 2x135 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 18
Wang Noi CC #4 (Jun) 800 National Power Supply Co., Ltd. #3-4 (Mar) 2x135
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 90 Wang Noi CC #4 (Jun) 800
Power Generation Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Jun, Dec) 2x800 SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 90
Chana CC #2 (Jul) 800 Power Generation Supply Co., Ltd. #1-2 (Jun, Dec) 2x800
Chana CC #2 (Jul) 800
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jun) 450 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 14
Bang Lang Dam (Renovate) (Jan) 12
Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Hongsa TH #1-2) (May, Oct) 2x491
SPP (Cogeneration) (Jun) 270
2016 VSPP (Jan) 50 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 17
Thermal Power Plant (Coal)_EGAT #1-2 (Jan) 2x700 Power Purchase from Myanmar (Mai Khot TH #1-3) (Jan, Apr, Jul) 3x123
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Mar) 450 Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Hongsa TH #3) (Feb) 491
New Power Plant _ South (Jul) 800 VSPP (Jun) 230.5
New Capacity _ South (Jul) 800
2017 VSPP (Jan) 50 VSPP (Jan) 228.5
Thermal Power Plant (Coal)_EGAT #3-4 (Jan) 2x700 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 11
New Power Plant (Jan) 800 Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 3) (Jan) 440
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jan) 450 Lam Takhong Pumped Storage #3-4 (Jun) 2x250
South Bangkok CC #4-5 (Jan) 2x800 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 30
Bang Pakong CC #6 (Jan) 800 SPP (Cogeneration) (Jan) 270
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jan) 450 Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jun) 450
North Bangkok CC #2 (Jan) 800 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 8
New Power Plant (Jan) 2x800 SPP (Cogeneration) (Jan) 270
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jan) 500 Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jun) 600
EGAT Clean Coal #1 (Jun) 800
EGAT Nuclear Power Plant #1 (Jan) 1000 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 22
New Power Plant_IPP (Jan) 2x800 SPP (Cogeneration) (Jan) 270
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jan) 500 EGAT Nuclear Power Plant #1 (Jan) 1000
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jun) 600
EGAT Nuclear Power Plant #2 (Jan) 1000 EGAT Renewables (Jan) 61
New Power Plant (Jan) 2x800 SPP (Cogeneration) (Jan) 380
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jan) 500 EGAT Nuclear Power Plant #2 (Jan) 1000
EGAT Clean Coal #2 (Jun) 800
Power Purchase from Neighbouring Countries (Jan) 600
65
66
Appendix 2
Map of Thailand Power System
67
68
69
70
Appendix 3
Installed Capacity of Thailand Power System
71
72
CAPACITY OF THAILAND POWER SYSTEM
(as of December 2009)
Capacity
Plant Type Fuel Type
(MW)
Hydroelectric Power Plant
Bhumibol - 779.2
Sirikit - 500.0
Ubolratana - 25.2
Sirindhorn - 36.0
Chulabhorn - 40.0
Nam Pung - 6.0
Srinagarind - 720.0
Vajiralongkorn - 300.0
Tha Thung Na - 39.0
Kang Krachan - 19.0
Bang Lang - 72.0
Ban Santi - 1.275
Mae Ngat - 9.0
Huai Kum - 1.06
Rajjaprabha - 240.0
Pak Mun - 136.0
Lam Takhong PS - 500.0
Small Hydro Power Plants - 0.445
Subtotal 3,424.180 11.72%
Power Plant
South Bangkok Block 1 Gas 316.0
Block 2 Gas 562.0
Block 3 Gas 710.0
Subtotal 1,588.0
Bang Pakong Unit 1 Gas/Heavy oil 525.5
Unit 2 Gas/Heavy oil 526.5
Bang Pakong Block 3 Gas 314.0
Block 4 Gas 314.0
Block 5 Gas 710.0
Subtotal 3,542.0
Mae Moh Unit 4-7 Lignite 560.0
Unit 8-13 Lignite 1,620.0
Subtotal 2,180.0
Krabi Unit 1 Heavy oil 315.0
Subtotal 315.0
Nam Pong Block 1 Gas 325.0
Block 2 Gas 325.0
Subtotal 650.0
Wang Noi Block 1 Gas 612.0
Block 2 Gas 612.0
Block 3 Gas 686.0
Subtotal 1,910.0
Chana Block 1 Gas 710.0
Subtotal 710.0
Subtotal 10,895.0 37.30%
Diesel Power Plant
Mae Hong Son Diesel 4.4
Subtotal 4.4 0.02%
Renewable Energy Source
Subtotal 4.546 0.02%
Total Capacity of EGAT 14,328.1 49.05%
73
CAPACITY OF THAILAND POWER SYSTEM (con.)
(as of December 2009)
Capacity
Plant Type Fuel Type
(MW)
Purchased Power
Hydroelectric Power Plant
Theun Hinboun - 214.0
Houay Ho - 126.0
Subtotal 340.0 1.16%
Power Plant
Khanom PPB Unit 1 Gas/Heavy oil 69.9
Block 1 Gas 678.0
Subtotal 818.1
Ratchaburi Unit 1 Gas/Heavy oil 720.0
Block 1 Gas 685.0
Block 2 Gas 675.0
Block 3 Gas 681.0
Subtotal 3,481.0
BLCP Power Co. ,Ltd (BLCP) Unit 1 Bituminous Coal 673.3
Unit 2 Bituminous Coal 673.3
Subtotal 1,346.5
Rayong Block 1 Gas 294.7
Block 2 Gas 287.7
Block 3 Gas 289.8
Block 4 Gas 302.9
Subtotal 1,175.0
Tri Energy Co. ,Ltd (TECO) Block 1 Gas 700.0
Subtotal 700.0
Independent Power Producer (Thailand) Co. ,Ltd (IPT) Block 1 Gas 700.0
Subtotal 700.0
Glow IPP Co. ,Ltd Block 1 Gas 356.5
Block 2 Gas 356.5
Subtotal 713.0
Eastern Power & Electric Co. , Ltd (EPEC) Block 1 Gas 350.0
Subtotal 350.0
Gulf Power Generation Co. ,Ltd Block 1 Gas 734.0
Block 2 Gas 734.0
Subtotal 1,468.0
Ratchaburi Power Co. ,Ltd Block 1 Gas 700.0
Block 2 Gas 700.0
Subtotal 1,400.0
SPP Coal 369.5
Heavy oil 4.5
Gas 1,293.0
Subtotal 1,667.0
Subtotal 13,818.6 47.30%
Renewable Energy Source
SPP Biomass 305.3 1.05%
Gas Turbine Power Plant
SPP Gas 120.0 0.41%
Others
EGAT-TNB - 300.0 1.03%
Total Capacity of the Purchased 14,883.9 50.95%
Grand Total Capacity 29,212.0 100.00%
Source : System Control and Operation Division and Power Purchase Agreement Division , EGAT
74
Appendix 4
Existing Transmission System
75
76
EXISTING TRANSMISSION LINES AND SUBSTATIONS OF EGAT POWER SYSTEM
( as of December 2009 )
Voltage Levels Substations Transmission Lines

(kV) Number Transformer Capacity (Circuit-kilometers)
(MVA)
Metropolitan Area
500 2 4,050.0 414.6
230 13 14,700.0 810.5
115 - 25.0 -
Subtotal 15 18,775.0 1,225.1
Central Region
500 5 6,000.0 1,844.5
230 25 14,393.3 4,157.8
115 42 5,254.8 2,618.6
69 - - 18.8
Subtotal 72 25,648.1 8,639.7
Northeastern Region
500 1 2,000.0 320.4
230 11 4,300.0 2,151.2
115 37 3,938.0 5,426.8
Subtotal 49 10,238.0 7,898.4
Southern Region
230 13 4,566.7 3,049.6
132 - 1/ 133.4 8.7
115 18 2,379.0 2,383.9
1/
300 (HVDC) - 388.0 23.0
Subtotal 31 7,467.1 5,465.3
Northern Region
500 2 3,800.0 1,142.5
230 6 3,900.0 3,223.9
115 34 2,959.5 2,850.4
Subtotal 42 10,659.5 7,216.8
All Regions
500 10 15,850.0 3,722.0
230 68 41,860.0 13,393.0
132 - 133.4 8.7
115 131 14,556.2 13,279.7
69 - - 18.8
300 (HVDC) - 388.0 23.0
Total 209 72,787.7 30,445.2
Remark : 1/ Sa Dao and Klong Ngae Substations are already included in the 115 kV and 230 kV substations
Source : System Control and Operation Division , EGAT
77
78
Appendix 5
Power Demand Statistic and Load Forecast
79
80
POWER DEMAND STATISTIC AND LOAD FORECAST FOR PDP 2010
(EGAT SYSTEM AND PURCHASE FROM VSPP)
February 2010
Peak Energy Load Elasticity
Year MW Increase GWh Increase Factor
MW % Gwh % %
Actual : NET Generation
2007 22,078.79 N/A N/A 143,813.65 4,989.93 3.59 74.36 0.73
2008 22,236.96 158.17 0.72 145,816.50 2,002.85 1.39 74.65 0.57
2009 22,315.35 78.39 0.35 146,182.00 365.50 0.25 74.58 -
Forecast : NET Generation
2010 23,249 934 4.18 152,954 6,772 4.63 75.10 1.36
2011 24,568 1,319 5.67 160,331 7,377 4.82 74.50 1.20
2012 25,913 1,345 5.47 168,049 7,718 4.81 74.03 1.14
2013 27,188 1,275 4.92 175,631 7,582 4.51 73.74 1.11
2014 28,341 1,153 4.24 183,452 7,821 4.45 73.89 0.93
2015 29,463 1,122 3.96 191,224 7,772 4.24 74.09 0.95
2016 30,754 1,291 4.38 200,012 8,788 4.60 74.24 1.07
2017 32,225 1,471 4.78 209,329 9,317 4.66 74.15 1.09
2018 33,688 1,463 4.54 218,820 9,491 4.53 74.15 1.11
2019 34,988 1,300 3.86 227,599 8,779 4.01 74.26 0.97
2020 36,336 1,348 3.85 236,956 9,357 4.11 74.44 0.97
2021 37,856 1,520 4.18 246,730 9,774 4.12 74.40 0.99
2022 39,308 1,452 3.84 256,483 9,753 3.95 74.49 0.99
2023 40,781 1,473 3.75 266,488 10,005 3.90 74.60 0.99
2024 42,236 1,455 3.57 276,805 10,317 3.87 74.81 0.99
2025 43,962 1,726 4.09 287,589 10,784 3.90 74.68 0.99
2026 45,621 1,659 3.77 298,779 11,190 3.89 74.76 0.99
2027 47,344 1,723 3.78 310,387 11,608 3.89 74.84 0.99
2028 49,039 1,695 3.58 322,427 12,040 3.88 75.06 0.99
2029 50,959 1,920 3.92 334,921 12,494 3.87 75.03 0.99
2030 52,890 1,931 3.79 347,947 13,026 3.89 75.10 0.99
Average Growth
2008-2010 - 390 1.74 - 3,047 2.08 - -
2011-2015 - 1,243 4.85 - 7,654 4.57 - -
2016-2020 - 1,375 4.28 - 9,146 4.38 - -
2021-2025 - 1,525 3.88 - 10,127 3.95 - -
2026-2030 - 1,786 3.77 - 12,072 3.88 - -
2010-2030 - 1,456 4.19 - 9,608 4.22 - -
Remark : Include power purchase from VSPP February 2010
81
COMPARISON OF LOAD FORECAST
(INCLUDE EGAT SYSTEM AND PURCHASE FROM VSPP)
Case : December 2008 Case : February 2010 Difference
Year (1) (2) (2)-(1)
MW GWh MW GWh MW % GWh %
2010 24,264 157,079 23,249 152,954 -1,015 -4.18 -4,125 -2.63
2011 25,692 165,671 24,568 160,331 -1,124 -4.38 -5,340 -3.22
2012 27,492 176,762 25,913 168,049 -1,579 -5.74 -8,713 -4.93
2013 29,148 188,374 27,188 175,631 -1,960 -6.72 -12,743 -6.76
2014 30,918 200,183 28,341 183,452 -2,577 -8.34 -16,731 -8.36
2015 32,820 212,753 29,463 191,224 -3,357 -10.23 -21,529 -10.12
2016 34,797 225,727 30,754 200,012 -4,043 -11.62 -25,715 -11.39
2017 36,832 239,051 32,225 209,329 -4,607 -12.51 -29,722 -12.43
2018 38,925 252,824 33,688 218,820 -5,237 -13.45 -34,004 -13.45
2019 41,062 266,839 34,988 227,599 -6,074 -14.79 -39,240 -14.71
2020 43,292 281,472 36,336 236,956 -6,956 -16.07 -44,516 -15.82
2021 45,572 296,414 37,856 246,730 -7,716 -16.93 -49,684 -16.76
2022 - - 39,308 256,483 - - - -
2023 - - 40,781 266,488 - - - -
2024 - - 42,236 276,805 - - - -
2025 - - 43,962 287,589 - - - -
2026 - - 45,621 298,779 - - - -
2027 - - 47,344 310,387 - - - -
2028 - - 49,039 322,427 - - - -
2029 - - 50,959 334,921 - - - -
2030 - - 52,890 347,947 - - - -
February 2010
82
TOTAL EGAT GENERATION REQUIREMENT (EXCLUDE VSPP)
February 2010
Peak Energy Load Elasticity

Year MW Increase GWh Increase Factor
MW % GWh % %
Actual : NET Generation
2007 22,009.20 N/A N/A 143,740.98 4,940.16 3.56 74.55 0.72
2008 22,018.00 8.80 0.04 145,227.50 1,486.52 1.03 75.09 0.42
2009 22,044.90 26.90 0.12 145,233.00 5.50 0.00 75.00 -
Forecast : NET Generation
2010 22,690 645 2.93 150,454 5,221 3.59 75.69 1.05
2011 23,788 1,098 4.84 156,656 6,202 4.12 75.18 1.03
2012 24,995 1,207 5.07 163,914 7,258 4.63 74.86 1.09
2013 26,111 1,116 4.46 170,712 6,798 4.15 74.63 1.02
2014 27,101 990 3.79 177,944 7,232 4.24 74.95 0.89
2015 28,081 980 3.62 185,215 7,271 4.09 75.29 0.92
2016 29,176 1,095 3.90 193,157 7,942 4.29 75.58 1.00
2017 30,453 1,277 4.38 201,761 8,604 4.45 75.63 1.04
2018 31,766 1,313 4.31 210,748 8,987 4.45 75.74 1.09
2019 32,915 1,149 3.62 219,040 8,292 3.93 75.97 0.95
2020 34,102 1,187 3.61 227,853 8,813 4.02 76.27 0.95
2021 35,507 1,405 4.12 237,162 9,309 4.09 76.25 0.98
2022 36,709 1,202 3.39 245,700 8,538 3.60 76.41 0.90
2023 38,058 1,349 3.67 255,143 9,443 3.84 76.53 0.97
2024 39,387 1,329 3.49 264,893 9,750 3.82 76.77 0.97
2025 40,974 1,587 4.03 275,021 10,128 3.82 76.62 0.98
2026 42,498 1,524 3.72 285,586 10,565 3.84 76.71 0.98
2027 44,077 1,579 3.72 296,552 10,966 3.84 76.80 0.98
2028 45,625 1,548 3.51 307,932 11,380 3.84 77.05 0.98
2029 47,393 1,768 3.88 319,734 11,802 3.83 77.01 0.98
2030 49,172 1,779 3.75 332,068 12,334 3.86 77.09 0.98
Average Growth
2008-2010 - 226.93 1.02 - 2,237.67 1.53 - -
2011-2015 - 1,078.20 4.36 - 6,952.20 4.24 - -
2016-2020 - 1,204.20 3.96 - 8,527.60 4.23 - -
2021-2025 - 1,374.40 3.74 - 9,433.60 3.83 - -
2026-2030 - 1,639.60 3.72 - 11,409.40 3.84 - -
2010-2030 - 1,291.77 3.89 - 8,896.90 4.02 - -
February 2010
83
COMPARISON OF TOTAL EGAT GENERATION (EXCLUDE VSPP)
Case : December 2008 Case : February 2010 Difference
Year (1) (2) (2)-(1)
MW GWh MW GWh MW % GWh %
2010 23,936 155,645 22,690 150,454 -1,246 -5.21 -5,191 -3.34
2011 25,085 162,884 23,788 156,656 -1,297 -5.17 -6,228 -3.82
2012 26,572 172,593 24,995 163,914 -1,577 -5.93 -8,679 -5.03
2013 28,188 183,218 26,111 170,712 -2,077 -7.37 -12,506 -6.83
2014 29,871 194,326 27,101 177,944 -2,770 -9.27 -16,382 -8.43
2015 31,734 206,604 28,081 185,215 -3,653 -11.51 -21,389 -10.35
2016 33,673 219,339 29,176 193,157 -4,497 -13.35 -26,182 -11.94
2017 35,668 232,413 30,453 201,761 -5,215 -14.62 -30,652 -13.19
2018 37,725 245,950 31,766 210,748 -5,959 -15.80 -35,202 -14.31
2019 39,828 259,740 32,915 219,040 -6,913 -17.36 -40,700 -15.67
2020 42,024 274,144 34,102 227,853 -7,922 -18.85 -46,291 -16.89
2021 44,281 288,920 35,507 237,162 -8,774 -19.81 -51,758 -17.91
2022 - - 36,709 245,700 - - - -
2023 - - 38,058 255,143 - - - -
2024 - - 39,387 264,893 - - - -
2025 - - 40,974 275,021 - - - -
2026 - - 42,498 285,586 - - - -
2027 - - 44,077 296,552 - - - -
2028 - - 45,625 307,932 - - - -
2029 - - 47,393 319,734 - - - -
2030 - - 49,172 332,068 - - - -
February 2010
84
Appendix 6
Projection of Generating Capacity

Classified by Power Plant Types
85
86
PROJECTION OF GENERATING CAPACITY CLASSIFIED BY POWER PLANT TYPES
PDP 2010
Year
Power Plant Types Units
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
- EGAT MW 3,424 3,424 3,424 3,424 3,424 3,436 3,436 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936 3,936
Hydro/ % 10.9 10.4 10.0 9.3 8.6 8.6 8.3 9.3 9.2 8.9 8.8 8.3 8.0 7.7 7.5 7.5 6.9 6.9 6.4 6.2 6.0
Foreign Purchased - Lao PDR MW 1,260 1,857 2,077 2,077 2,077 3,059 3,550 3,990 3,990 3,990 3,990 3,990 3,990 3,776 3,776 3,776 3,776 3,776 3,776 3,776 3,650
% 4.0 5.6 6.1 5.6 5.2 7.7 8.6 9.4 9.4 9.0 8.9 8.4 8.2 7.4 7.2 7.2 6.6 6.6 6.2 5.9 5.6
- Myanmar MW - - - - - - 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369
% - - - - - - 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6
- Foreign Purchased MW - - - - - - - - 450 1,050 1,650 2,250 2,850 3,450 4,050 4,650 5,250 5,850 6,450 7,050 7,650
% - - - - - - - - 1.1 2.4 3.7 4.7 5.8 6.7 7.7 8.8 9.2 10.3 10.5 11.1 11.7
Subtotal MW 4,684 5,281 5,501 5,501 5,501 6,495 7,355 8,295 8,745 9,345 9,945 10,545 11,145 11,531 12,131 12,731 13,331 13,931 14,531 15,131 15,605
% 14.9 16.0 16.1 14.9 13.9 16.2 17.8 19.6 20.5 21.1 22.2 22.2 22.8 22.5 23.1 24.1 23.4 24.5 23.7 23.7 23.8
Oil - EGAT MW 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315
Thermal
% 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5
- SPP MW 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 - - - - - - - - - - - -
% 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Oil / Gas- EGAT MW 2,204 2,204 2,204 2,204 1,152 1,152 1,152 1,152 1,152 1,152 1,152 1,152 576 - - - - - - - -
% 7.0 6.7 6.5 6.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.4 1.2 - - - - - - - -
- IPP MW 1,580 1,510 1,510 1,510 1,510 1,510 1,440 1,440 1,440 1,440 1,440 1,440 1,440 1,440 1,440 - - - - - -
% 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 - - - - - -
Lignite - EGAT MW 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,180 2,040 1,760 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,350 1,080
% 7.0 6.6 6.4 5.9 5.5 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.3 3.9 3.3 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.1 1.7
Coal - EGAT MW - - - - - - - - - 800 800 1,600 1,600 2,400 2,400 2,400 4,000 4,000 5,600 6,400 7,200
% - - - - - - - - - 1.8 1.8 3.4 3.3 4.7 4.6 4.6 7.0 7.0 9.1 10.0 11.0
- IPP MW 1,347 2,007 2,007 2,277 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547 2,547
% 4.3 6.1 5.9 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.2 6.0 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.9
- SPP MW 370 370 370 370 370 370 370 370 360 360 360 360 360 360 90 - - - - - -
% 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.2 - - - - - -
Subtotal MW 8,000 8,590 8,590 8,860 8,078 8,078 8,008 8,008 7,998 8,794 8,794 9,594 9,018 9,242 8,832 7,022 8,482 8,482 10,082 10,612 11,142
% 25.5 26.0 25.1 23.9 20.3 20.2 19.3 18.9 18.8 19.9 19.6 20.2 18.4 18.0 16.8 13.3 14.9 14.9 16.4 16.6 17.0
Gas - EGAT MW 6,866 6,866 6,866 6,866 8,466 8,466 8,466 8,152 7,513 7,513 6,872 6,872 6,872 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400 4,400
Combine Cycle
% 21.9 20.8 20.1 18.6 21.3 21.2 20.4 19.2 17.6 17.0 15.3 14.4 14.0 8.6 8.4 8.3 7.7 7.7 7.2 6.9 6.7
87
- IPP MW 9,225 9,225 9,225 10,825 12,425 11,250 10,572 10,572 10,572 10,572 9,872 9,872 9,872 9,522 9,522 8,822 8,822 6,781 6,068 6,068 6,068
% 29.4 28.0 27.0 29.3 31.3 28.1 25.5 25.0 24.8 23.9 22.0 20.7 20.2 18.6 18.1 16.7 15.5 11.9 9.9 9.5 9.3
- SPP MW 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,113 1,081 901 721 521 371 330 90 - - - - - -
% 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.6 2.5 2.0 1.6 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.2 - - - - - -
- New power plant MW - - - - - - 800 800 800 800 800 800 1,600 5,600 5,600 6,400 8,000 8,800 10,400 11,200 11,200
% - - - - - - 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 3.3 10.9 10.7 12.1 14.1 15.5 17.0 17.6 17.1
Subtotal MW 17,384 17,384 17,384 18,984 22,184 21,009 21,131 20,637 19,966 19,786 18,265 18,065 18,715 19,852 19,612 19,622 21,222 19,981 20,868 21,668 21,668
% 55.5 52.7 50.9 51.3 55.9 52.5 51.0 48.7 46.9 44.7 40.7 37.9 38.2 38.7 37.3 37.2 37.3 35.2 34.0 34.0 33.1
- EGAT MW 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Gas Turbine and Diesel
% 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
- SPP MW 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 - - - - - - -
% 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 - - - - - - -
Subtotal MW 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 124 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
% 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
- EGAT MW 5 43 71 125 143 157 174 184 214 222 244 304 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340
Renewable Energy
% 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5
- SPP MW 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 305 297 297 297 297 248 184 179 164 69 69 69
% 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1
Subtotal MW 310 348 377 431 449 463 479 490 520 527 541 602 638 638 588 524 519 504 409 409 409
% 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6
SPP ( Additional - Renewable MW 90 250 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315 315
Purchase) % 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5
- Cogeneration MW 90 90 794 1,514 1,604 1,874 2,144 2,414 2,684 2,954 3,224 3,604 3,964 4,324 4,684 5,044 5,404 5,764 6,124 6,484 7,024
% 0.3 0.3 2.3 4.1 4.0 4.7 5.2 5.7 6.3 6.7 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.4 8.9 9.6 9.5 10.1 10.0 10.2 10.7
Subtotal MW 180 340 1,109 1,829 1,919 2,189 2,459 2,729 2,999 3,269 3,539 3,919 4,279 4,639 4,999 5,359 5,719 6,079 6,439 6,799 7,339
% 0.6 1.0 3.2 4.9 4.8 5.5 5.9 6.4 7.0 7.4 7.9 8.2 8.7 9.1 9.5 10.2 10.0 10.7 10.5 10.7 11.2
MW 367 625 787 974 1,166 1,333 1,563 1,792 1,968 2,145 2,335 2,470 2,764 2,910 3,058 3,221 3,380 3,549 3,722 3,901 4,080
VSPP
% 1.2 1.9 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.3 3.8 4.2 4.6 4.8 5.2 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.1 5.9 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.2
EGAT - TNB , HVDC MW 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300
% 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
- EGAT MW - - - - - - - - - - 1,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 4,000 4,000 5,000 5,000 5,000
Nuclear
% - - - - - - - - - - 2.2 4.2 4.1 3.9 5.7 7.6 7.0 7.0 8.2 7.8 7.6
Total MW 31,349 32,992 34,172 37,003 39,720 39,990 41,419 42,374 42,619 44,289 44,842 47,618 48,982 51,235 52,523 52,782 56,956 56,830 61,355 63,824 65,547
% 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
88
Appendix 7
Power Plant Retirement Schedule
89
90
Retirement Schedule
Power Plant Retirement Date

Capacity
(MW)
EGAT Power Plant

Thermal
Mae Moh #4 140 31 December 2023
#5 140 31 December 2024
#6 140 31 December 2024
#7 140 31 December 2025
#8 270 31 December 2028
#9 270 31 December 2029
# 10 270 31 December 2030
# 11 270 31 December 2031
# 12 270 31 December 2034
# 13 270 31 December 2035
Bang Pakong #1 525.5 31 December 2013

#2 526.5 31 December 2013
#3 576 31 December 2021
#4 576 31 December 2022
Krabi #1 315 31 December 2033
Combine Cycle
Bang Pakong #3 314 31 December 2016
#4 314 31 December 2017
Nam Pong #1 325 31 December 2017

#2 325 31 December 2019
South Bangkok #1 316 31 December 2019

#2 562 31 December 2022
Wang Noi #1 612 31 December 2022

#2 612 31 December 2022
#3 686 31 December 2022
Chana #1 710 31 December 2033
Private Power Plant

Thermal
Khanom PPB #1 69.9 18 June 2011
#2 70.2 18 June 2016
Ratchaburi #1 720 30 October 2025

#2 720 30 October 2025
BLCP Power Co.,Ltd (BLCP) #1 673.25 30 September 2031

#2 673.25 31 January 2032
Combine Cycle
Rayong #1 294.7 6 December 2014
#2 287.7 6 December 2014
#3 289.8 6 December 2014
#4 302.9 6 December 2014
Khanom PPB #1 678 18 June 2016
Ratchaburi #1 685 17 April 2027

#2 675 17 April 2027
#3 681 31 October 2027
Independent Power Producer (Thailand) Co. ,Ltd (IPT)
#1 700 14 August 2025
Eastern Power & Electric Co. ,Ltd (EPEC) #1 350 24 March 2023
Tri Energy Co.,Ltd (TECO) #1 700 30 June 2020
Glow IPP Co.,Ltd #1 713 30 January 2028
Ratchaburi Power Co.,Ltd #1 700 28 February 2033
#2 700 31 May 2033
Gulf Power Generation Co.,Ltd #1 734 28 February 2032
#2 734 29 February 2033
91
92
Appendix 8
Projection of Energy Generation
Classified by Fuel Types
93
94
PROJECTION OF GENERATING CAPACITY CLASSIFIED BY FUEL TYPES
PDP 2010
Fuel Types Units Year
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
- EGAT GWh 5,914 5,782 5,668 5,775 5,715 5,815 5,815 5,960 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065 6,065
Hydro / % 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7
Foreign Purchased - Lao PDR GWh 7,951 10,511 11,239 11,402 11,439 14,349 22,109 24,496 24,496 24,499 24,529 24,505 24,502 23,263 23,289 23,254 23,114 23,252 22,916 22,858 22,637
% 5.2 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.2 7.5 11.1 11.7 11.2 10.8 10.4 9.9 9.6 8.7 8.4 8.1 7.7 7.5 7.1 6.8 6.5
- Myanmar GWh - - - - - - 2,067 2,819 2,818 2,818 2,827 2,817 2,815 2,813 2,821 2,814 2,812 2,811 2,673 2,647 2,811
% - - - - - - 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8
- Foreign Purchase GWh - - - - - - - - 1,455 4,250 7,330 11,549 14,628 17,708 20,788 23,867 26,947 30,027 33,106 36,186 39,266
% - - - - - - - - 0.7 1.9 3.1 4.7 5.7 6.6 7.5 8.3 9.0 9.7 10.3 10.8 11.3
Subtotal GWh 13,865 16,293 16,907 17,177 17,153 20,163 29,990 33,275 34,834 37,632 40,750 44,935 48,010 49,849 52,962 56,001 58,938 62,155 64,760 67,756 70,778
% 9.1 10.2 10.1 9.8 9.4 10.5 15.0 15.9 15.9 16.5 17.2 18.2 18.7 18.7 19.1 19.5 19.7 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.3
Natural Gas / LNG - EGAT GWh 39,365 41,426 39,636 35,123 40,384 37,455 36,914 37,148 35,907 35,897 33,495 32,405 31,877 24,559 24,694 22,456 13,214 13,037 5,244 4,721 5,418
% 25.7 25.8 23.6 20.0 22.0 19.6 18.5 17.8 16.4 15.8 14.1 13.1 12.4 9.2 8.9 7.8 4.4 4.2 1.6 1.4 1.6
MMCFD 860 900 837 738 827 713 701 709 678 678 621 602 592 458 459 419 247 244 98 88 101
- IPP GWh 55,577 54,745 56,721 58,826 57,131 59,246 53,308 53,523 60,291 60,944 58,220 51,880 47,485 24,306 24,502 22,776 15,741 15,272 2,670 1,598 2,523
% 36.3 34.1 33.8 33.5 31.1 31.0 26.7 25.6 27.6 26.8 24.6 21.0 18.5 9.1 8.9 7.9 5.3 4.9 0.8 0.5 0.7
MMCFD 1,126 1,102 1,140 1,169 1,136 1,149 1,021 1,019 1,150 1,163 1,106 986 901 454 457 426 295 287 52 31 49
- SPP GWh 9,275 9,301 9,207 9,123 9,056 9,902 9,902 9,272 8,473 8,049 6,367 5,286 4,159 3,225 1,384 473 - - - - -
% 6.1 5.8 5.5 5.2 4.9 5.2 5.0 4.4 3.9 3.5 2.7 2.1 1.6 1.2 0.5 0.2 - - - - -
- New power plant GWh - - - - - - 2,869 6,183 6,185 6,192 6,215 6,176 12,362 42,821 42,956 48,797 60,003 66,081 72,915 77,658 78,217
% - - - - - - 1.4 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 4.8 16.1 15.5 17.0 20.1 21.3 22.6 23.2 22.5
MMCFD - - - - - - 53 115 115 115 115 114 230 798 799 911 1,123 1,236 1,382 1,478 1,487
Subtotal GWh 104,216 105,471 105,564 103,072 106,571 106,603 102,994 106,126 110,856 111,082 104,297 95,747 95,883 94,911 93,537 94,503 88,958 94,390 80,829 83,977 86,159
% 68.1 65.8 62.8 58.7 58.1 55.8 51.5 50.7 50.7 48.8 44.0 38.8 37.4 35.6 33.8 32.9 29.8 30.4 25.1 25.1 24.8
MMCFD 1,986 2,003 1,978 1,907 1,963 1,862 1,774 1,843 1,943 1,955 1,842 1,702 1,722 1,711 1,715 1,755 1,665 1,767 1,531 1,598 1,637
Heavy Oil - EGAT GWh 643 205 727 1,130 625 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

% 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
MLiters 166.52 66.04 234.47 364.11 201.35 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- IPP GWh 234 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
% 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
MLiters 60.00 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- SPP GWh 33 33 33 33 33 32 32 32 32 16 - - - - - - - - - - -
% 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Subtotal GWh 910 238 760 1,163 658 32 32 32 32 16 - - - - - - - - - - -

% 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - - - - - - - - - - -
MLiters 227 66 234 364 201 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Diesel - EGAT GWh 112 28 28 91 81 26 26 26 23 23 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
95
%
MLiters 25.74 9.30 9.05 22.73 19.10 7.20 7.22 7.00 6.30 6.30 5.61 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.61 5.60 5.60 5.60 5.61 5.60 5.60
Lignite - EGAT GWh 16,359 17,075 16,693 17,079 16,739 17,153 17,202 17,153 17,153 17,153 17,202 17,153 17,153 17,153 16,107 13,875 12,782 12,782 12,819 10,652 8,522
% 10.7 10.7 9.9 9.7 9.1 9.0 8.6 8.2 7.8 7.5 7.3 7.0 6.7 6.4 5.8 4.8 4.3 4.1 4.0 3.2 2.5
MTons 15.94 16.42 16.04 16.42 16.08 17.19 16.98 16.03 14.84 15.08 15.22 15.17 15.17 15.17 13.89 11.77 10.68 10.68 10.72 8.90 6.92
Imported Coal - EGAT GWh - - - - - - - - - 3,375 6,125 9,476 12,200 18,261 18,302 18,237 30,424 30,329 42,538 48,465 53,931
% - - - - - - - - - 1.5 2.6 3.8 4.8 6.9 6.6 6.3 10.2 9.8 13.2 14.5 15.5
MTons - - - - - - - - - 1.23 2.23 3.45 4.44 6.64 6.66 6.63 11.07 11.03 15.48 17.63 19.62
- IPP GWh 10,026 11,443 15,108 15,054 18,256 19,461 19,515 19,464 19,462 19,464 19,521 19,464 19,464 19,455 19,514 19,451 19,448 19,452 19,483 19,427 19,437
% 6.6 7.1 9.0 8.6 10.0 10.2 9.8 9.3 8.9 8.6 8.2 7.9 7.6 7.3 7.1 6.8 6.5 6.3 6.0 5.8 5.6
MTons 3.65 4.16 5.47 5.50 6.88 6.99 7.01 6.99 6.99 6.99 7.01 6.99 6.99 6.98 7.01 6.98 6.98 6.98 6.99 6.97 6.98
- SPP GWh 2,294 2,323 2,360 2,420 2,369 2,593 2,593 2,593 2,529 2,523 2,523 2,523 2,523 2,523 1,472 158 - - - - -
% 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.1 - - - - -
Subtotal GWh 12,320 13,766 17,468 17,473 20,625 22,054 22,108 22,057 21,991 25,362 28,170 31,463 34,187 40,239 39,288 37,845 49,871 49,781 62,021 67,892 73,368
% 8.1 8.6 10.4 10.0 11.2 11.5 11.1 10.5 10.1 11.1 11.9 12.8 13.3 15.1 14.2 13.2 16.7 16.0 19.2 20.3 21.1
MTons 3.65 4.16 5.47 5.50 6.88 6.99 7.01 6.99 6.99 8.22 9.24 10.43 11.43 13.63 13.66 13.62 18.05 18.02 22.47 24.61 26.60
Renewable Energy - EGAT GWh 46 304 316 403 501 695 775 821 907 928 1,044 1,212 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,292 1,292
% 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
- SPP Firm GWh 2,170 2,223 2,308 2,420 2,249 1,999 1,999 1,999 1,999 1,999 1,962 1,943 1,943 1,943 1,716 1,418 1,134 1,018 796 343 343
% 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1
- SPP Non Firm GWh 601 515 515 515 515 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806 1,806
% 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5
Subtotal GWh 2,817 3,043 3,139 3,339 3,265 4,501 4,580 4,626 4,713 4,733 4,812 4,962 5,043 5,043 4,815 4,517 4,234 4,117 3,896 3,441 3,441
% 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0
- Renewable GWh 385 806 1,387 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348 2,348
SPP ( Additional
% 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7
Purchase)
- Cogeneration GWh 105 631 1,984 8,613 10,978 12,345 14,237 16,129 18,809 20,702 22,594 25,257 27,780 30,303 32,825 35,348 37,871 40,394 42,917 45,440 49,224
% 0.1 0.4 1.2 4.9 6.0 6.5 7.1 7.7 8.6 9.1 9.5 10.2 10.8 11.4 11.9 12.3 12.7 13.0 13.3 13.6 14.2
Subtotal GWh 491 1,437 3,371 10,961 13,326 14,692 16,584 18,477 21,157 23,049 24,941 27,605 30,127 32,650 35,173 37,696 40,219 42,742 45,265 47,788 51,572
% 0.3 0.9 2.0 6.2 7.3 7.7 8.3 8.8 9.7 10.1 10.5 11.2 11.8 12.3 12.7 13.1 13.5 13.8 14.0 14.3 14.8
VSPP - Renewable GWh 1,502 2,636 3,064 3,718 4,280 4,732 5,193 6,199 6,654 7,063 7,571 8,004 9,154 9,683 10,214 10,797 11,382 12,020 12,659 13,351 14,044
% 1.0 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0
- Cogeneration GWh 50 92 123 253 280 330 361 421 470 547 584 616 680 714 750 822 863 867 888 888 888
% 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Subtotal GWh 1,552 2,727 3,187 3,971 4,560 5,061 5,554 6,621 7,124 7,610 8,155 8,620 9,834 10,397 10,964 11,620 12,245 12,887 13,547 14,239 14,932
% 1.0 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.3
EGAT - TNB , HVDC GWh 313 253 931 1,305 475 939 941 939 939 939 941 939 939 939 941 939 939 939 941 939 939
% 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Nuclear - EGAT GWh - - - - - - - - - - 7,666 15,286 15,286 15,286 22,998 30,573 30,573 30,573 38,329 38,216 38,216
% - - - - - - - - - - 3.2 6.2 6.0 5.7 8.3 10.6 10.2 9.9 11.9 11.4 11.0
Tons - - - - - - - - - - 18.58 37.05 37.05 37.05 55.74 74.10 74.10 74.10 92.91 92.63 92.63
Total GWh 152,954 160,331 168,049 175,631 183,452 191,224 200,012 209,329 218,820 227,599 236,956 246,730 256,483 266,488 276,805 287,589 298,779 310,387 322,428 334,922 347,948
96
Appendix 9
Renewable Energy and Purchasement Plan
From SPP and VSPP
97
98
99
Adder Rate for SPPs and VSPPs Using Renewable Energy
Countrywide Except The 3 Most Areas Using
Subsidized
Energy Source The 3 Most Southern Provinces Southern Provinces Diesel Engines
Period
(Baht/kWh) (Baht/kWh) (Baht/kWh)
(Years)
Biomass
Contract Capacity 1 MW 0.5 1.5 1.5 7
Contract Capacity > 1 MW 0.3 1.3 1.3
100
Biogas
Contract Capacity 1 MW 0.5 1.5 1.5 7
Contract Capacity > 1 MW 0.3 1.3 1.3
Small, Micro & Mini Hydroelectric
50 kW Contract Capacity < 200 kW 0.8 1.8 1.8 7
Contract Capacity < 50 kW 1.5 2.5 2.5
Waste
- Anaerobic Digestion / Landfill 2.5 3.5 3.5 7
- Thermal Process 3.5 4.5 4.5
Wind Energy
Contract Capacity 50 kW 4.5 6.0 6.0 10
Contract Capacity > 50 kW 3.5 5.0 5.0
Solar Energy th
8.0 9.5 9.5 10
Source: Resolution of the 124 (2/2009) Meeting of NEPC on 9th March 2009
List of SPPs During Consideration of Purchasing
(as of 31 January 2010)
Unit : MW
Fuel Type Capacity Contracted Capacity
Existing Projects
- Firm 3,389.1 2,092.3
Natural gas 2,260.8 1,413.0
Coal 703.0 369.5
Heavy Oil 10.4 4.5
Black Liquor 32.9 25.0
Rice Husk and Wood Residue 211.6 167.5
Bagasse. 160.5 104.0
Palm cluster , Palm fiber , Palm shell 9.9 8.8
- Non-Firm 707.8 248.6
Natural gas 355.0 110.0
Coal 165.2 59.0
By-product gas from crude oil refinery 2.0 1.7
Rice Husk and Wood Residue 9.0 5.9
Bagasse. 157.6 66.0
Waste Gas 19.0 6.0
Subtotal 4,096.9 2,340.9
Future Projects
- Firm
- Project during 2010 - 2014
- Already Coordinated with EGAT 2,372.3 1,694.0
- Under Coordination with EGAT 250.0 225.0
- Project during 2015 - 2021 - 2,000.0
- Project during 2022 - 2030 - 3,420.0
- Non-Firm
- Already Coordinated with EGAT 620.6 468.0
- Under Coordination with EGAT - 300.0
Subtotal 3,242.9 8,107.0
Total SPP Projects

Firm 6,011.4 9,431.3
Non-Firm 1,328.4 1,016.6
Grand Total 7,339.8 10,447.9
Source : Power Purchase Agreement Division and System Planning Division , EGAT
101
Present Status of VSPP Classified by Fuel Type (Including MEA and PEA)
(As of 31 January 2010)
Under Consideration Process Approved (Waiting for PPA Sign) PPA Signed (Waiting for COD) Already Commissioned
Fuel Type/Technology No. of Installed Cap. Contract No. of Installed Cap. Contract No. of Installed Cap. Contract No. of Installed Cap. Contract
Projects (MW) Cap. (MW) Projects (MW) Cap. (MW) Projects (MW) Cap. (MW) Projects (MW) Cap. (MW)
Commercial Fuels
Coal - - - - - - 4 147.9 24.0 2 19.0 6.0
Natural Gas 3 7.8 7.5 1 3.6 3.6 7 36.8 29.6 - - -
Total : Commercial Fuels 3 7.8 7.5 1 3.6 3.6 11 184.6 53.6 2 19.0 6.0
Alternative Energy Sources
1 Solar Energy 135 649.2 637.6 94 415.3 398.4 291 1,421.8 1,331.9 51 7.8 7.7
PV 52 138.7 129.6 67 275.8 266.7 25 98.1 93.3 51 7.8 7.7
Thermal 83 510.5 508.0 27 139.5 131.6 266 1,323.7 1,238.6 - - -
- Parabolic Trough 11 64.5 62.0 7 51.1 45.0 46 286.9 272.3 - - -
- Stirling Engine 46 276.0 276.0 8 48.0 48.0 149 874.3 874.3 - - -
- Others (Solar Thermal) 7 56.0 56.0 10 28.4 26.6 71 162.5 92.0 - - -
- Unspecified Technology 19 114.0 114.0 2 12.0 12.0 - - - - - -
2 Biogas 21 68.5 61.6 31 52.4 44.8 32 80.7 69.2 41 51.0 43.0
Manure - - - 2 0.2 0.1 4 1.4 1.3 8 1.6 1.3
Industrial Sewage 20 66.6 60.6 19 46.3 39.1 25 76.1 64.7 29 47.6 40.1
Straw - - - 4 1.3 1.3 - - - 4 1.8 1.7
Others (Paragrass or Buffalo Grass, Biogas) 1 1.9 1.0 6 4.7 4.3 3 3.2 3.2 - - -
3 Biomass 65 539.9 413.7 36 275.0 213.4 201 1,970.9 1,495.9 53 720.0 287.8
Palm Fiber, Palm Shell - - - 2 2.8 2.0 1 9.5 8.0 1 12.0 8.5
Jatropha Fiber - - - 1 9.5 8.0 1 9.5 8.0 - - -
Bagasse 2 38.0 8.0 1 18.0 6.0 12 258.0 92.0 29 530.8 164.3
102
Bagasse + Rice Husk - - - - - - - - - 1 39.4 8.0
Rice Husk 9 75.6 63.5 7 62.7 53.2 35 314.9 267.9 13 71.5 67.4
Rice Husk + Wood Residue / Wood Chip 10 92.1 73.5 3 29.3 24.0 93 916.8 742.5 2 27.1 14.5
Rice Husk + Corncob - - - - - - 1 9.0 7.8 - - -
Sawdust - - - - - - - - - 1 0.6 0.6
Coconut Fiber 2 2.4 2.0 3 19.5 16.2 1 6.0 5.0 - - -
Corncob / Corn Residue 1 1.8 1.8 - - - 1 9.9 8.0 1 - -
Corncob + Rice Husk 1 9.9 8.0 - - - 1 6.0 5.4 - - -
Palm Cluster 2 17.5 12.3 3 22.0 20.0 6 48.5 36.5 4 26.5 18.2
Bark 1 7.5 6.8 - - - 1 6.0 5.5 - - -
Straw - - - 1 0.2 0.2 - - - - - -
Cassava (Fiber+ Rhizome) - - - - - - 4 21.9 17.6 - - -
Fast Growing Tree - - - 1 1.4 1.0 5 24.3 21.3 - - -
Wood Residue / Wood Chip 37 295.1 237.9 11 80.2 65.9 38 325.5 265.6 1 12.0 6.2
Others - - - 3 29.4 17.0 1 5.1 4.8 - - -
4 Municipal Waste 20 140.4 120.6 13 74.6 59.5 14 108.6 96.4 8 12.5 10.8
Gas Engine 6 24.2 22.8 5 15.3 15.0 5 32.9 31.3 6 6.3 5.8
Steam Ferbine 3 22.0 18.8 6 48.2 39.0 8 70.5 60.1 2 6.2 5.0
Gasification 1 6.0 6.0 1 1.2 1.0 1 5.1 5.0 - - -
Unspecified Technology 10 88.2 73.0 1 9.9 4.5 - - - - - -
5 Small, Mini and Micro Hydro 1 0.0 0.0 1 5.0 5.0 5 1.3 1.3 3 0.6 0.5
< 50 kW 1 0.0 0.0 - - - 1 0.0 0.0 2 0.1 0.1
50 - 200 kW - - - - - - 2 0.2 0.2 - - -
> 200 kW * - - - 1 5.0 5.0 2 1.1 1.1 1 0.5 0.5
6 Wind Energy 13 94.1 85.3 7 18.1 17.8 5 26.4 25.0 3 0.4 0.4
7 Used Vegetable Oil* - - - - - - 1 0.0 0.0 - - -
Total : Alternative Energy Sources 255 1,492.1 1,318.8 182 840.4 738.8 549 3,609.7 3,019.6 159 792.3 350.3
Grand Total 258 1,499.9 1,326.2 183 844.0 742.4 560 3,794.3 3,073.2 161 811.3 356.3
SCOD of High Potential VSPPs Classified by Energy Source
(As of 31 January 2010)
SCOD
Total
2010 2011 2012 2013
Energy Source
No. of Purchase Cap. No. of Purchase Cap. No. of Purchase Cap. No. of Purchase Cap. No. of Purchase Cap.
Projects (MW) Projects (MW) Projects (MW) Projects (MW) Projects (MW)
Biomass 19 130.8 4 28.8 6 43.6 - - 29 203.2
Biogas 8 19.0 6 16.2 - - - - 14 35.2
Solar Energy 1 1.3 2 5.6 11 26.0 5 33.0 19 65.8
103
Waste 5 36.0 - - - - - - 5 36.0
Wind Energy - - 1 4.8 3 20.7 - - 4 25.5
Hydro 3 1.1 - - - - - - 3 1.1
Total 36 188.2 13 55.4 20 90.3 5 33.0 74 366.9
Source : Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA)
104
Appendix 10
Transmission System Expansion Projects
105
106
DETAILS OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION PROGRAM
( PDP 2010 )
Items Name of Transmission Lines and Substations Length Number of Voltage Conductor Size Commissioning
Date
(km) Circuit (kV) (MCM) (Year)
A. TRANSMISSION EXPANSION PROJECTS ASSOCIATED WITH GENERATION PROJECTS
1. FUTURE PROJECTS
1.1 COAL-FIRED THERMAL POWER PLANT PROJECTS
1.1.1 Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant Unit 1-6 (6x800 MW) - 1/ - 1/ 500 4x1272 2019-2026
107
1.1.2 Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant Unit 7-11 (5x800 MW) -1/ -1/ 500 4x1272 2028-2030
Subtotal -
1.2 NUCLEAR POWER PLANT PROJECTS
1.2.1 Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1-5 (5x1000 MW) -1/ -1/ 500 4x1272 2020-2028
Subtotal -
1.3 COMBINED CYCLE POWER PLANT PROJECTS
1.3.1 Combined Cycle Power Plant Block 1-6 (6x800 MW) -1/ -1/ 230/500 2x1272 / 4x1272 2022-2025
1.3.2 Combined Cycle Power Plant Block 7-12 (6x800 MW) -1/ -1/ 230/500 2x1272 / 4x1272 2026-2029
Subtotal -
Notes : 1/ Under study for transmission system development
DETAILS OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION PROGRAM (Cont.)
( PDP 2010 )
Date
B. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM EXPANSION PROJECTS
1. ONGOING PROJECTS
1.1 Transmission System Expansion Project No. 10
1.1.1 Additional Transformers Installation at Existing Substations - - - - 2010
1.1.2 Miscellaneous System Expansion - - - - 2010
Subtotal -
108
1.2 Bulk Power Supply for the Greater Bangkok Area Phase 2
1.2.1 Improvement of Sai Noi and Bangkok Noi Substations - - 230 - 2010
1.2.2 Shunt Capacitor Installations - - - - 2009-2010
1.2.3 Miscellaneous System Expansion - - - - 2009-2010
1.2.4 Nong Chok - On Nuch (18.0) 2 500 3/ 4x1272 2010
1.2.5 Sectioinalizing of 230 kV Bang Pakong - Bang Phli 2/
and extending to Khlong Dan Substation and
Constructing Bang Pakong - Klong Dan - Bang Phli 44 1/ 2 230 2x1272 2010-2011
1.2.6 Additional Transformers Installation at Existing Substations - - - 3/ - 2010-2012
Subtotal 44 km (or 88.0 circuit-kilometers) and 1 New substation
Notes : 1/ On the existing right-of-way
2/ New substation
3/ Upgrading operating voltage from 230 kV to 500 kV
( PDP 2010)
Date
1.3 500 kV Transmission System Development Project for IPP Power Plants 1/1/ 2/
1.3.1 Pluak Daeng - Nong Chok T Junction, third and fourth circuits 159 2 500 4x1272 2011
Subtotal 159.0 km (or 318.0 circuit-kilometers)
1.4 Transmission System Development for Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Nam Ngum 2 Hydro Power Plant Project)
1.4.1 Thai/Lao border (Nong Khai) - Udon Thani 3 1/ 80 2 500 2/ 4x1272 2010
Subtotal 80.0 km (or 160.0 circuit-kilometers) and 1 New1/ substation
109
1.5 Transmission System Expansion Projects No.11
Central Region
1.5.1 Rayong 3 - Rayong 1 15.4 3/ 2 115 1/ 2x795 2010
1.5.2 Kanchanaburi 1 - Kanchanaburi 2 14 2 115 2x795 2010
1.5.3 Sectionalizing Wang Noi - Saraburi 2
and extending to Saraburi 5 Substation 1/ 5 4 4/ 230 2x1272 2011
1.5.4 Tha Wung - Lop Buri 1 13 3/ 2 115 2x795 2011
and Tha Tako - Chai Badan 90 2 115 795 2011
3/ 3/ 4/ 4/
1.5.5 Ratchaburi 3 - Samut Sakhon 4 - Samut Sakhon 3 - Sam Phran 2 40/25.5/15.5 2/4/4 230/230 4x1272/2x1272 2011
(Invar)
3/ 3/
and Samut Sakhon 1 - Samut Sakhon 3 - Sam Phran 1 (7.1)/(15.5) - 115/115 2x795 2011

2/ New substation
4/ Quadruple-circuit steel towers
( PDP 2010 )
Name of Transmission Lines and Substations Length Number of Voltage Conductor Size Commissioning
Date
Northeastern Region
1.5.6 Udon Thani 2 - Nong Bua Lam Phu (55.2) 15/ 115 1/ 795 2010
and Nong Bua Lam Phu - Loei 80 2 115 795 2011
1.5.7 Nam Phong 2 - Udon Thani 3 85 2 500 4/ 4x1272 2011
1.5.8 Sectionalizing Lam Takhong - Nakhon Ratchasima 2
110
and extending to Sikhiu Substation1/ 5 4 230 2x1272 (GAP) 2011
and Sikhiu - Nakhon Ratchasima 3 45 2 230 2x1272 2011
3/
1.5.9 Surin 2 - ( Surin 1) - Buri Ram 2/46 2/ 2 230 1272 2011
1.5.10 Roi Et 1 - Maha Sarakham 38 2/ 2 115 2x795 2011
Southern Region
1/ 2/ 2/
1.5.11 Krabi - Phangnga 2 - Phuket
1/ 3 98/(76.9) 2/2 230/2301/ 6/ 2x1272/1272 2011
1/ 1
1/ New substation
2/ On the existing right-of-way
3/ Initially energized at 115 kV
4/ Initially energized at 230 kV
5/ Line stringing on the existing steel towers
( PDP 2010 )
Date
Northern Region
1.5.12 Additional Transformers Installation at Existing Substations - - - - 2010-2012
1.5.13 Shunt Capacitor Installations - 1/ - - - 2010-2012
1.5.14 Miscellaneous System Expansion (78.8) 1/ 1 4/ 115 2x795 2010-2012
1.5.15 Mae Moh 3 - Mae Moh 4 - Lamphun 1/2 1/1041/2/ 2/43/ 230/230 4x1272/2x1272 2011
and Mae Moh 3 - Lampang 1/1
2/ 2/
and Lamphun 1 - Lamphun 5/2 (35.3)/(7.5) - 115 2x795/795 2011
1.5.16 Sectionalizing Mae Moh 3 - Chiang Rai and extending to Phayao Substation 1 43/ 230 1272 2011
111
1.5.17 Sectionalizing Phitsanulok 2 - Nakhon Sawan and extending to Phichit Substation 23 2 6/ 230 1272 2011
Subtotal 746.4 km (or 1,778.8 circuit-kilometers) and 6 New substation
1.6 Transmission System Development for Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Theun Hinboun Expansion Project)
1.6.1 Thai/Lao Border (Nakhon Phanom)1/- Nakhon Phanom 2 (7.5) 2 230 1272 (Invar)7/ 2012
1.6.2 Nakhon Phanom 2 - Nakhon Phanom Junction 2 2 230 1272 2012
1.6.3 Phang Khon - Sakon Nakhon 1 52 2/ 2 115 477 2012
Subtotal 54.0 km (or 108.0 circuit-kilometers) and 1 New substation
Notes : 1/ New substation 2/ On the existing right-of-way
3/ Quadruple-circuit steel towers 4/ Line stringing on the existing steel towers
5/ On the existing right-of-way (Mae Moh 3 - Lampang 1 - Lamphun 1 - Lamphun 2) 6/ Quadruple-circuit steel towers, initially double-circuit line stringing
7/ Re-conductoring to be INVAR Type 8/ Upgrading operating voltage from 230 kV to 500 kV
( PDP 2010)
Date
1.7 Transmission System Project for IPP Power Projects
A) GHECO-One Co.,Ltd (Coal), Nikom Map Ta Phut
1.7.1 Nikom Map Ta Phut Substation Expansioin - - 230 - 2011
1/ 2/
1.7.2 Nikom Map Ta Phut - Rayong 2 (11) 2 230 2x450mm2 (ZTACIR) 2011
1.7.3 Klaeng - Chanthaburi 56 2/ 1 3/ 115 795 2012
B) Siam Energy Co.,Ltd (Gas), Bang Khla
1.7.4 Sectionaliziing of Pluak Daeng - Nong Chok Double-circuit and extending to 0.1 4 500 4x1272 2012
1/ (2 routes)
Bang Khla Substatioin to be Pluak Daeng - Bang Khla - Nong Chok
112
1.7.5 Contructing
1/ from Bang Khla - Power Plant 0.3 2 500 4x795 2012
1/ (2 routes)
C) National Power Supply Co.,Ltd (Coal), Phanom Sarakham
1.7.6 Sectionaliziing of Pluak Daeng - Wang Noi (1 circuit) and extending to 0.1 2 500 4x1272 2013
1/
Phanom Sarakham Substatioin to be Pluak Daeng - Phanom Sarakham - Wang Noi
1/
1.7.7 Contructing from Phanom Sarakham - Power Plant 12 2 500 4x795 2013
1/
Notes : 1/ New substation 2/ On the existing right-of-way
3/ Constructing the single-circuit transmission line on the double-circuit steel towers
( PDP 2010 )
Date
D) Power Generation Supply Co.,Ltd (Gas), Nong Saeng
1/
1.7.8 Sectionaliziing of Tha Tako - Wang Noi Double-circuit and extending to 0.1 4 500 4x795 2013
Phachi 2 Substation to be Tha Tako - Phachi 2 -Wang Noi (2 routes)
1.7.9 Contructing from Phachi 2 - Power Plant 1 2 500 4x795 2013
1.7.10 Sectionaliziing of Tha Tako - Nong Chok Single-circuit and extending to 5 1 500 4x795 2013
113
Phachi 2 Substation to be Tha Tako - Phachi 2 (single-circuit)
1.7.11 Constructing from Phachi 2 - (Phachi 2 Junction) - Wang Noi Junction 21 2 500 4x1272 2013
Double-circuit
Subtotal 95.6 km (or 130.6 circuit-kilometers) and 3 New substations
( PDP 2010)
Date
2. FUTURE PROJECT
2.1 Transmission System Development for Power Purchase from Lao PDR (Hongsa Lignite-Fired Thermal Power Plant Project)
2.1.1 Thai/Lao Border (Nan) - Nan (Double-circuit) 105 2 500 4x1272 2014
2.1.2 Constructing from Nan - Mae Moh 3 (Double-circuit) 165 2 500 4x1272 2014
2.1.3 Reconstruction of Mae Moh 3 -Tha Tako single-circuit 326 2 500 4x1272 2014
114
to be double-circuit 2/
Subtotal1/ 596.0 km (or 1,192.0 circuit-kilometers)
1/
2.2 Transmission System Development for Power Purchase from Myanmar (Mai Khot Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant Project)
2.2.1 Thai/Myanmar Border (Chiang Rai) - Mae Chan 30 4 230 1272 2015
on Quadruple-circuit steel towers
2.2.2 Constructing
1/ from Mae Chan - Chiang Rai (double-circuit) 50 2 230 1272 2015
Subtotal1/ 80.0 km (or 220.0 circuit-kilometers)
1/
( PDP 2010)
Date
2.3 New Transmission Interconnection between Su-ngai Kolok Substation (EGAT) and Rantau Panjang Substation (TNB)
2.3.1 Thai/Malaysia Border (Narathiwat) -
Su-ngai 1/Kolok (double-circuit) 12 2 132 795 2012
2.3.2 Installation1/ 2 units of 115/132 kV 100 MVA
at Su-ngai1/ Kolok Substation - - - - 2012
115
2.3.3 Stringing Narathiwat - Su-ngai Kolok 2nd circuit 501/ 1 115 477 2012
Subtotal1/ 62.0 km (or 74.0 circuit-kilometers)
2.4 Transmission System Expansion and Renovation Project 2/
2.4.1 Development and Expansion Substations - - 230/115 - 2013-2017

2.4.2 Development 1/ and Expansion Transmission Lines 1/ 1/ 230/115 1/ 2013-2017
Subtotal1/
Total 2/
Length 1,917.0 km (or 4,069.4 circuit-kilometers) and 12 New substations
Notes : 1/ Under study for transmission system development
2/ Not including of length transmission lines and New substations of Feasibility Study Project
116

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PDP 2010

Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

Report no. 912000-5305 System Planning Division

System Planning Division

3. Assumptions in the Formulation of PDP 2010 11

4. Power Demand Forecast 16

5. Thailand Power Development Plan 2010-2030 (PDP 2010) 19

5.1 Generating Capacity in 2010-2020 19

5.2 Generating Capacity in 2021-2030 22

5.3 Renewable Energy 23

5.4 Fuel Requirement 25

6. Demand Side Management (DSM) 35

7.1 The Renewable Energy Plan (2008-2022) of the Ministry of Energy 39

7.2 EGAT Renewable Energy Projects 40

7.3 Small Power Producer (SPP) Using Renewable Energy 41

7.4 Very Small Power Producer (VSPP) Using Renewable Energy 42

8.1 Cogeneration SPP 45

8.2 Cogeneration VSPP 46

9. Nuclear Power Plant Projects 47

10. Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction in Power Sector 51

11. Transmission System Development Plan 54

Appendix 1 Comparison of Thailand Power Development Plans 63

Appendix 2 Map of Thailand Power System 67

Appendix 3 Installed Capacity of Thailand Power System 71

Appendix 4 Existing Transmission System 75

Appendix 5 Power Demand Statistic and Load Forecast 79

Appendix 6 Projection of Generating Capacity Classified by Power Plant Types 85

Appendix 7 Power Plant Retirement Schedule 89

Appendix 8 Projection of Energy Generation Classified by Fuel Types 93

Appendix 10 Transmission System Expansion Projects 105

1. Extend the planning horizon from 15 years to 20 years (2010-2030)

2.1 Current Status

2.1.2 Transmission System: The standard voltage levels of EGAT

Voltage Substation Transmission

Details of transmission lines and substations are shown in Appendix 4.

2.2.2 Information about energy conservation from ongoing DSM programs

2.2.3 Power generation using renewable energy in 2010-2022 was estimated as

2.3 Thailand Power Development Plan (PDP 2010)

With the aforementioned assumptions about future electrical supplies, power

2.3.1 Projects during 2010-2020

2.3.2 Projects during 2021-2030

3.1 Reserve Margin

3.2 Power Import from Neighboring Countries

3.4 Electricity Generation from Renewable Energy

End of 2009 663.04 49.04 9.23 10.82 3.07 18.33 753.52

End of 2022 2,272.04 152.04 707.23 159.32 1,231.07 281.33 4,803.02

End of 2030 3,032.04 176.04 1,107.23 183.32 1,321.07 281.33 6,101.02

Due to the NEPC’s resolution on 24 August 2009 to promote cogeneration

End of 2009 1,787 169 6 1,962 1,962

Proposed to sell by 2014 1,604 40 65 1,709 3,671

Total 8,811 209 119 9,139

3.6 Load Forecast

NESDB in collaboration with NIDA are currently performing a study of Thailand

3.7 Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction

3.8 Allocation of New Generating Capacity

Renewable Energy and Cogeneration System

Power Purchase from Neighboring Countries

Gas Fired Power Plant

Nuclear Power Plant

Clean Coal Power Plant

1. The forecast period 2010 – 2030 is defined.

Table 4.1 The Preliminary Estimation of Thailand Economic Growth or

5.1 Generating Capacity in 2010-2020 Power projects commissioning in this