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g Proj: Admin
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Tel:d Date: 14/08/17
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Concrete industrial ground floor design to TR34 - Fourth edition

Slab details
Reinforcement type Fabric
Thickness of slab h = 300 mm

Reinforcement details
Characteristic strength of mesh f = 500 N/mm2
yk
Fabric reinforcement (bottom) A142
Area of reinforcement in each direction A = PI*2/4*1000/s
s p
= 3.14*(6)2/4*1000/200
= 141.37 mm2/m
Percentage of reinforcement provided A = A /(h*10)
s_per s
= 141.37/(300*10)
= 0.047 %
Percentage reinforcement is within recommended limits

Diameter of reinforcement = 6 mm
Depth of nominal cover to reinforcement c = 50 mm
nom
Ave. effective depth of reinforcement d = h-c -(/2)
nom
= 300-50-(6/2)
= 247 mm

Strength properties of concrete (Table 6.1)

Char. compressive strength (cylinder) f = 25 N/mm2
ck
Char. compressive strength (cube) f = 30 N/mm2
cu
Mean compressive strength (cylinder) f = 33 N/mm2
cm
Mean axial tensile strength f = 2.6 N/mm2
ctm
Secant modulus of elasticity E = 31 kN/mm2
cm
Shear factor k = 1+(200/d)0.5
s
= 1+(200/247)0.5
= 1.9
Minimum shear strength of concrete V = 0.035*(k )1.5*(f /1)0.5
Rd_ct s ck
= 0.035*(1.9)1.5*(25/1)0.5
= 0.46 N/mm2
(cl 6.1.1)
Design flexural tensile strength f = f *((1.6-(h/1000))/ )
ctd_fl ctm c
= 2.6*((1.6-(300/1000))/1.5)
= 2.25 N/mm2
Moment capacity of plain concrete M = f *h2/6*10(-3)
un ctd_fl
= 2.25*(300)2/6*10(-3)
= 33.8 kNm/m

Subgrade construction
Modulus of sub-grade reaction k = 0.05 N/mm3

Partial safety factors

Reinforced concrete = 1.5
c
Bar and fabric reinforcement = 1.15
s
Permanent actions = 1.2
G
Variable actions = 1.5
Q
Dynamic actions = 1.6
D

Properties of reinforced slabs

(cl 6.3.2)
Moment capacity M = 0.95*A *f / *(d*10(-6))
p_fab s yk s
= 0.95*141.37*500/1.15*(247*10(-6))
= 14.42 kNm/m
Negative moment capacity M = (f *h2/(6* ))/1000
n ctd_fl c
= (2.25*(300)2/(6*1.5))/1000
= 22.53 kNm/m

Poisson's ratio v = 0.2

(cl 7.5)
Radius of relative stiffness
I = (((E *103*h3)/(12*(1-v2)*k))0.25)/1000
cm
= (((31*103*(300)3)/(12*(1-(0.2)2)*0.05))0.25)/1000
= 1.1 m
Characteristic of system
= (3*k/(E *(h/1000)3))0.25
cm
= (3*0.05/(31*(300/1000)3))0.25
= 0.65 m-1
Characteristic of system
= (3*k/(E *(h/1000)3))0.25
cm
= (3*0.05/(31*(300/1000)3))0.25
= 0.65 m-1

Single point load

Loading details
Number of point loads N = 1
Permanent point load G = G _sp
k k
= 10 kN
Variable point load Q = Q _sp
k k
= 10 kN
Dynamic point load D = D _sp
k k
= 10 kN
Loaded area length l = l _sp
l l
= 100 mm
Loaded area width l = l _sp
w w
= 100 mm

Contact radius ratio

Equiv. contact radius of single load a = sqr((l *l )/PI)
l w
= sqr((100*100)/3.14)
= 56.42 mm
Radius ratio a_I = (a/1000)/I
= (56.42/1000)/1.1
= 0.051

Ultimate capacity under single internal concentrated load

(cl 7.8.3 and cl 7.8.4)
For a / I = 0
P = 2*PI*(M +M )
u_0 p n
= 2*3.14*(14.42+22.53)
= 232.2 kN
For a / I = 0.2
P = 4*PI*(M +M )/(1-((a/1000)/(3*I)))
u_0.2 p n
= 4*3.14*(14.42+22.53)/(1-((56.42/1000)/(3*1.1)))
= 472.5 kN
Thus for a/I = 0.051
P = P +(P -P )*((a/1000)/(I*0.2))
u u_0 u_0.2 u_0
= 232.2+(472.5-232.2)*((56.42/1000)/(1.1*0.2))
= 293.94 kN

Ultimate load on the slab

Loading applied to slab F = N*((G * )+(Q * )+(D * ))
uls k G k Q k D
= 1*((10*1.2)+(10*1.5)+(10*1.6))
= 43 kN

Pass - The ultimate capacity of the slab is adequate for the loading.

Punching shear at the face of the loaded area

(cl 6.4.1)
Design concrete comp. strength(cylinder) f = f /
cd ck c
= 25/1.5
= 16.67 N/mm2
Shear factor k = 0.6*(1-(f /250))
2 ck
= 0.6*(1-(25/250))
= 0.54
Length of perimeter of the loaded area u = 2*(l +l )
0 l w
= 2*(100+100)
= 400 mm
Shear stress at face of contact area v = 0.5*k *f
max_f 2 cd
= 0.5*0.54*16.67
= 4.5 N/mm2
Maximum load capacity in punching P = v *u *(d/1000)
p_max max_f 0
= 4.5*400*(247/1000)
= 444.6 kN
Pass - The maximum load capacity in punching shear is adequate for the loading.

Punching shear at the critical perimeter

(cl 6.4.2)
Shear factor k = 1+(200/d)0.5
s
= 1+(200/247)0.5
= 1.9
Minimum shear strength of concrete v = 0.035*k 1.5*(f /1)0.5*1
Rd_c2 s ck
= 0.035*(1.9)1.5*(25/1)0.5*1
= 0.46 N/mm2
Ratio of reinf. by area in x-dir = A /(d*1000)
x s
= 141.37/(247*1000)
= 0.00057
Ratio of reinf. by area in y-dir = A /(d*1000)
y s
= 141.37/(247*1000)
= 0.00057
Reinforcement ratio = sqr( * )
1 x y
= sqr((5.72*10-4)*(5.72*10-4))
= 0.00057
v = (0.18*k / )*(100* *f )0.33
Rd_c1 s c 1 ck
= (0.18*1.9/1.5)*(100*(5.72*10-4)*25)0.33
= 0.26 N/mm2
Maximum shear stress at 2d from face v = v
Rd_c Rd_c2
= 0.46 N/mm2
Length of perim. at 2d from load face u = 2*(l +l +2*d*PI)
1 l w
= 2*(100+100+2*247*3.14)
= 3503.89 mm
Maximum load capacity in punching at 2d P = v *u *(d/1000)
p Rd_c 1
= 0.46*3503.89*(247/1000)
= 396.61 kN

Pass - The maximum load capacity in punching shear at 2d is adequate for the loading.

Double point load

Loading details
Number of point loads N = 2
Permanent point load G = G _dp
k k
= 10 kN
Variable point load Q = Q _dp
k k
= 10 kN
Dynamic point load D = D _dp
k k
= 10 kN
Loaded area length l = l _dp
l l
= 100 mm
Loaded area width l = l _dp
w w
= 100 mm
Spacing between loads in x x = x_dp
= 100 mm

Contact radius ratio

Equiv. contact radius of single load a = sqr(((2*sqr((l *l )/PI)*x)+(l *l ))/PI)
l w l w
=
sqr(((2*sqr((100*100)/3.14)*100)+(100*100))/3.14)
= 82.31 mm
Radius ratio a_I = (a/1000)/I
= (82.31/1000)/1.1
= 0.075

Ultimate capacity under double internal concentrated load

(cl 7.8.3 and cl 7.8.4)
For a / I = 0
P = 2*PI*(M +M )
u_0 p n
= 2*3.14*(14.42+22.53)
= 232.2 kN
For a / I = 0.2
P = 4*PI*(M +M )/(1-((a/1000)/(3*I)))
u_0.2 p n
= 4*3.14*(14.42+22.53)/(1-((82.31/1000)/(3*1.1)))
= 476.31 kN
Thus for a/I = 0.075
P = P +(P -P )*((a/1000)/(I*0.2))
u u_0 u_0.2 u_0
= 232.2+(476.31-232.2)*((82.31/1000)/(1.1*0.2))
= 323.7 kN

Ultimate load on the slab

Loading applied to slab F = N*((G * )+(Q * )+(D * ))
uls k G k Q k D
= 2*((10*1.2)+(10*1.5)+(10*1.6))
= 86 kN

Pass - The ultimate capacity of the slab is adequate for the loading.

Punching shear at the face of the loaded area

(cl 6.4.1)
Design concrete comp. strength(cylinder) f = f /
cd ck c
= 25/1.5
= 16.67 N/mm2
Shear factor k = 0.6*(1-(f /250))
2 ck
= 0.6*(1-(25/250))
= 0.54
Length of perimeter of the loaded area u = 2*(l +l +x)
0 l w
= 2*(100+100+100)
= 600 mm
Shear stress at face of contact area v = 0.5*k *f
max_f 2 cd
= 0.5*0.54*16.67
= 4.5 N/mm2
Maximum load capacity in punching P = v *u *(d/1000)
p_max max_f 0
= 4.5*600*(247/1000)
 = 666.9 kN

Pass - The maximum load capacity in punching shear is adequate for the loading.

Punching shear at the critical perimeter

(cl 6.4.2)
Shear factor k = 1+(200/d)0.5
s
= 1+(200/247)0.5
= 1.9
Minimum shear strength of concrete v = 0.035*k 1.5*(f /1)0.5*1
Rd_c2 s ck
= 0.035*(1.9)1.5*(25/1)0.5*1
= 0.46 N/mm2
Ratio of reinf. by area in x-dir = A /(d*1000)
x s
= 141.37/(247*1000)
= 0.00057
Ratio of reinf. by area in y-dir = A /(d*1000)
y s
= 141.37/(247*1000)
= 0.00057
Reinforcement ratio = sqr( * )
1 x y
= sqr((5.72*10-4)*(5.72*10-4))
= 0.00057
v = (0.18*k / )*(100* *f )0.33
Rd_c1 s c 1 ck
= (0.18*1.9/1.5)*(100*(5.72*10-4)*25)0.33
= 0.26 N/mm2
Maximum shear stress at 2d from face v = v
Rd_c Rd_c2
= 0.46 N/mm2
Length of perim. at 2d from load face u = 2*(l +x+l +2*d*PI)
1 l w
= 2*(100+100+100+2*247*3.14)
= 3703.89 mm
Maximum load capacity in punching at 2d P = v *u *(d/1000)
p Rd_c 1
= 0.46*3703.89*(247/1000)
= 419.25 kN

Pass - The maximum load capacity in punching shear at 2d is adequate for the loading.

Quadruple point load

Loading details
Number of point loads N = 4
Permanent point load G = G _qp
k k
= 10 kN
Variable point load Q = Q _qp
k k
= 10 kN
Dynamic point load D = D _qp
k k
= 10 kN
Loaded area length l = l _qp
l l
= 100 mm
Loaded area width l = l _qp
w w
= 100 mm
Spacing between loads in x x = x_qp
= 100 mm
Spacing between loads in y y = y_qp
= 100 mm

Contact radius ratio

Equiv. contact radius of single load a = sqr((l *l )/PI)
l w
= sqr((100*100)/3.14)
= 56.42 mm
Radius ratio a_I = (a/1000)/I
= (56.42/1000)/1.1
= 0.051

Ultimate capacity under combined internal concentrated load

Centre-line spacing is less than twice the slab depth - hence a simplified approach used
(cl 7.8.3 and cl 7.8.4)
For a / I = 0
P = 2*PI*(M +M )
u_0 p n
= 2*3.14*(14.42+22.53)
= 232.2 kN
For a / I = 0.2
P = 4*PI*(M +M )/(1-((a/1000)/(3*I)))
u_0.2 p n
= 4*3.14*(14.42+22.53)/(1-((56.42/1000)/(3*1.1)))
= 472.5 kN
Thus for a/I = 0.051
P = P +(P -P )*((a/1000)/(I*0.2))
u u_0 u_0.2 u_0
= 232.2+(472.5-232.2)*((56.42/1000)/(1.1*0.2))
= 293.94 kN
For 4 individual loads
P = 4*P
u_4x1 u
= 4*293.94
= 1175.77 kN

Contact radius ratio

Equiv. contact radius of adjacent loads a = sqr(((2*sqr((l *l )/PI)*y)+(l *l ))/PI)
l w l w
=
sqr(((2*sqr((100*100)/3.14)*100)+(100*100))/3.14)
= 82.31 mm
Radius ratio a_I = (a/1000)/I
= (82.31/1000)/1.1
= 0.075

Ultimate capacity under combined internal concentrated load

Centre-line spacing is less than twice the slab depth - hence a simplified approach used
(cl 7.8.3 and cl 7.8.4)
For a / I = 0
P = 2*PI*(M +M )
u_0 p n
= 2*3.14*(14.42+22.53)
= 232.2 kN
For a / I = 0.2
P = 4*PI*(M +M )/(1-((a/1000)/(3*I)))
u_0.2 p n
 = 4*3.14*(14.42+22.53)/(1-((82.31/1000)/(3*1.1)))
= 476.31 kN
Thus for a/I = 0.075
P = P +(P -P )*((a/1000)/(I*0.2))
u u_0 u_0.2 u_0
= 232.2+(476.31-232.2)*((82.31/1000)/(1.1*0.2))
= 323.7 kN
For 2 dual loads
P = 2*P
u_2x2 u
= 2*323.7
= 647.41 kN

Contact radius ratio

Equiv. contact radius of single load a = sqr((l *l )/PI)
l w
= sqr((100*100)/3.14)
= 56.42 mm
Radius ratio a_I = (a/1000)/I
= (56.42/1000)/1.1
= 0.051

Ultimate capacity under quadruple internal concentrated load

(cl 7.8.3 and cl 7.8.4)
For a / I = 0
P = (2*PI+(1.8*((x/1000)+(y/1000))/I))*(M +M )
u_0 p n
= (2*3.14+(1.8*((100/1000)+(100/1000))/1.1))*(14.42+22.53)
= 244.32 kN
For a / I = 0.2
P = ((4*PI/(1-((a/1000)/(3*I))))+(1.8*((x/1000)+(y/1000))/(I-((a/1000)/2))))*(M +M )
u_0.2 p n
= ((4*3.14/(1-((56.42/1000)/(3*1.1))))+(1.8*((100/1000)+(100/1000))/(1.1-((56.42/1000)/2))))*(14.42+22.53)
= 484.94 kN
Thus for a/I = 0.051
P = P +(P -P )*((a/1000)/(I*0.2))
u_1x4 u_0 u_0.2 u_0
= 244.32+(484.94-244.32)*((56.42/1000)/(1.1*0.2))
= 306.14 kN
Ultimate capacity for 4 loads
P =P
u u_1x4
= 306.14 kN

Ultimate load on the slab

Loading applied to slab F = N*((G * )+(Q * )+(D * ))
uls k G k Q k D
= 4*((10*1.2)+(10*1.5)+(10*1.6))
= 172 kN

Pass - The ultimate capacity of the slab is adequate for the loading.

Punching shear at the face of the loaded area

(cl 6.4.1)
Design concrete comp. strength(cylinder) f = f /
cd ck c
= 25/1.5
= 16.67 N/mm2
Shear factor k = 0.6*(1-(f /250))
2 ck
= 0.6*(1-(25/250))
= 0.54
Length of perimeter of the loaded area u = 2*(l +l +x+y)
0 l w
= 2*(100+100+100+100)
= 800 mm
Shear stress at face of contact area v = 0.5*k *f
max_f 2 cd
= 0.5*0.54*16.67
= 4.5 N/mm2
Maximum load capacity in punching P = v *u *(d/1000)
p_max max_f 0
= 4.5*800*(247/1000)
 = 889.2 kN

Pass - The maximum load capacity in punching shear is adequate for the loading.

Punching shear at the critical perimeter

(cl 6.4.2)
Shear factor k = 1+(200/d)0.5
s
= 1+(200/247)0.5
= 1.9
Minimum shear strength of concrete v = 0.035*k 1.5*(f /1)0.5*1
Rd_c2 s ck
= 0.035*(1.9)1.5*(25/1)0.5*1
= 0.46 N/mm2
Ratio of reinf. by area in x-dir = A /(d*1000)
x s
= 141.37/(247*1000)
= 0.00057
Ratio of reinf. by area in y-dir = A /(d*1000)
y s
= 141.37/(247*1000)
= 0.00057
Reinforcement ratio = sqr( * )
1 x y
= sqr((5.72*10-4)*(5.72*10-4))
= 0.00057
v = (0.18*k / )*(100* *f )0.33
Rd_c1 s c 1 ck
= (0.18*1.9/1.5)*(100*(5.72*10-4)*25)0.33
= 0.26 N/mm2
Maximum shear stress at 2d from face v = v
Rd_c Rd_c2
= 0.46 N/mm2
Length of perim. at 2d from load face u = 2*(l +l +x+y+2*d*PI)
1 l w
= 2*(100+100+100+100+2*247*3.14)
= 3903.89 mm
Maximum load capacity in punching at 2d P = v *u *(d/1000)
p Rd_c 1
= 0.46*3903.89*(247/1000)
= 441.89 kN

Pass - The maximum load capacity in punching shear at 2d is adequate for the loading.

Line load
(cl 7.10)
Line load l = 30 kN/m
k

Safe load capacity under line load

Safe line load cap. (+ive moments) P = 4**M
lin_p p
= 4*0.65*14.42
= 37.54 kN/m
Safe line load cap. (-ive moments) P = 4**M /0.21
lin_n n
= 4*0.65*22.53/0.21
= 279.26 kN/m
Safe load cap. of slab P = P
lin lin_p
= 37.54 kN/m

Pass - The applied line load is within the safe load capacity

Uniform distributed load

(cl 7.12)
Uniform distributed load U = 30 kN/m2
k

Safe load capacity under a uniform distributed load

Safe UDL capacity (+ive moments) w = 2*M /0.16
p p
= (0.65)2*14.42/0.16
 = 37.92 kN/m2
Safe UDL capacity (-ive moments) w = 2*M /0.17
n n
= (0.65)2*22.53/0.17
= 56.78 kN/m2
Safe load cap. of slab per unit area w = w
p
= 37.92 kN/m2

Pass - The applied UDL is within the safe load capacity