Lampiran B
Benzen
Toluen = 0,1 %
Asam Nitrat
H2O = 33,33 %
Asam Sulfat
H2O = 2%
2. Spesifikasi Produk
3. Kapasitas Pabrik
4. Berat Molekul
5. Perhitungan
kg
= 4861,111 jam
Komposisi Produk
4853,819kg
NB = 99,85 % x 4861,111 kg = 123,11kg/k mol 39,427kmol
4,861kg
A = 0,1 % x 4861,111 kg = 18,02kg/kmol 0,270kmol
Benzen masuk =
39,427kmol kg
40,646kmol 78,110 3174,864kg
0,97 kmol
3
HNO = 26 %
2 4
H SO = 56 %
2
HO = 18%
3
Konsentrasi HNO masuk mixer = 66,69 %
2 4
Konsentrasi H SO masuk mixer = 98 %
B. Neraca Massa
Katalis
3
HNO = 26 %
2 4
H SO = 56 %
2
HO = 18%
B-5
B
T
4 B
S
T
N
S
A R
N
NB 3 5 A
NB
3
HNO : XN(3).M3 yang bereaksi = XN(5).M5
76,845 kg = XN(5).M5
6 6
C H : XB(4).M4 yang bereaksi = XB(5).M5
95,246 kg = XB(5).M5
7 8
CH : XT(4).M4 yang bereaksi = XT(5).M5
4,278 0 = XT(5).M5
95,246 kg = XT(5).M5
2 4
H SO : XS(3).M3 = XS(5).M5
5517,110 kg = XS(5).M5
2
HO: XA(3).M3 + yang terbentuk = XA(5).M5
B-7
2483,826 kg = XA(5).M5
6 5 2
C H NO : XNB(3).M3 + XNB(4).M4 + yang terbentuk = XNB(5).M5
2483,826 kg = XNB(5).M5
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN
M3 M4 M5
N
S
A
NB
y y1 x x1
y 2 y1 x 2 x1
y 0,22 55 14,7
0,27 0,22 30,8 14,7
B-9
y = 0,345
y y1 x x1
y 2 y1 x 2 x1
y 0,194 55 38
0,4 0,194 58,8 38
y = 0,362%
- Lapisan bawah: asam nitrat, asam sulfat, air dan sedikit nitrobenzen
6 6
CH : XB(5).M5 = XB(7).M7
95,246 kg = XB(7).M7
7 8
CH : XT(5).M5 = XT(7).M7
4,278 kg = XT(7).M7
2
HO: XA(5).M5 = XA(6).M6 + XA(7).M7
6 5 2
C H NO : XNB(5).M5 = XNB(6).M6 + XNB(7).M7
-4853,758 = 0 + -1 XNB(7).M7
XNB(7).M7 = 4853,819 kg
17,589
Persentase air yang larut dalam fase atas = 2483,826 100% 0,708%
3
HNO : XN(5).M5 = XN(6).M6 + XN(7).M7
= 76,301 kg
2 4
H SO : XS(5).M5 = XS(6).M6 + XS(7).M7
= 5478,042 kg
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN
M5 M6 M7
Tujuan : mencuci asam nitrat dan asam sulfat yang masih terikut dalam fase
2 3 2 4
Massa H O pencuci = massa HNO + massa H SO
A
B 8 B
T T
N N
TP
S S
A 7 9 A
NB NB
6 6
CH : XB(7).M(7) = XB(9).M9
95,246 = XB(9).M9
7 8
CH : XT(7).M(7) = XT(9).M9
B-14
3,748 = XT(9).M9
6 5 2
C H NO : XNB(7).M(7) = XNB(9).M9
4853,819 = XNB(9).M9
3
HNO : XN(7).M(7) = XN(9).M9
0,544 = XN(9).M9
2 4
H SO : XS(7).M(7) = XS(9).M9
39,068 = XS(9).M9
2
HO : XA(7).M(7) + XA(8).M8 = XA(9).M9
M7 M8 M9
2 4
Kelarutan H SO dalam air : 100%
3
Kelarutan HNO dalam air : 100%
B-16
- lapisan bawah : asam nitrat, asam sulfat, air dan sedikit nitrobenzen
9 11
B B
T D02 T
N N
S S
A 10 A
NB NB NB
A
S
6 6
CH : XB(9).M9 = XB(11).M11
95,246 = XB(11).M11
7 8
CH : XT(9).M9 = XT(11).M11
B-17
3,748 = XT(11).M11
3
HNO : XN(9).M9 = XN(11).M11
0,544 = XN(11).M11
2 4
H SO : XS(9).M9 = XS(11).M11
0,544 = XS(11).M11
6 5 2
C H NO : XNB(9).M9 = XNB(10).M10 + XNB(11).M11
2
HO : XA(9).M9 = XA(10).M10 + XA(11).M11
-79,224 = -1XA(10).M10
79,224 = XA(10).M10
XNB(11).M11 = 4853,546 kg
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN
M9 M10 M11
Benzen 80,1
Air 100
Toluen 110,8
Nitrobenzen 210,9
(Perry, 1997)
95,246 = XB(13).M13
B-20
1,318 = XT(13).M13
12,726 = XA(13).M13
4853,546 = XNB(12).M12
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN
M11 M12 M13
15
N A
A Evp
S
S NB
6 14
NB
2 4
H SO : XS(6).M6 = XS(14).M14
5478,042 = XS(14).M14
3
HNO : XN(6).M6 = XN(15).M15
B-22
76,301 = XN(15).M15
2
HO : XA(6).M6 = XA(15).M15 + XA(14).M14
493,247 = XA(14).M14
6 5 2
C H NO : XNB(6).M6 = XNB(14).M14
8,512 = XNB(14).M14
INPUT OUTPUT
KOMPONEN
M6 M14 M15
Tujuan : mencampur asam nitrat dan asam sulfat sebelum masuk reaktor.
N
66,7%
2
1
S MIXER S
98% N
3 A
14 NB
S
N
A
NB
M1 = 39,865 kg
B-24
0,667 M2 + 0 = 2561,515
M2 = 3840,554 kg
1773,357 = 1773,357
8,512 = XNB(3).M3
M1 M2 M14 M3