Integral University, Lucknow

Department of ECE, Integral University, Lucknow

Dual Degree B Tech in ECE/EE/ME/CE & M.Tech in Solar Photovoltaic
Engineering
Subjects and evaluation scheme

Semester I to VI: These will be same as for B Tech in their respective

branches

Semester VII

PERIODS EVALUATION SCHEME

SL. UG/ CODE SUBJECT
NAME OF SUBJECT SESSIONAL EXAM. TOTAL
NO. PG NO. L T P
CT TA TOTAL ESE
01. UG - Parent Department Compulsory Subject 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

02. UG - Parent Department Compulsory Subject 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

03 UG - Parent Department Compulsory Subject 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

04. UG - Parent Department Compulsory Subject 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

05. PG EC 523 Foundation Course of Solar Engineering 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

06. PG EC 524 Concept of Heat Transfer in Solar Engineering 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

07. UG Parent Department Compulsory Lab-I 0 0 3 10 10 20 30 50

08 UG Parent Department Compulsory Lab-II 0 0 3 10 10 20 30 50

09 UG Parent Department Training/Lab/ Project 0 0 3 10 10 20 30 50

10 GP - - - - - - 50 50

TOTAL 18 6 9 1100
 Semester VIII

PERIODS EVALUATION SCHEME

SL. UG/ CODE SUBJECT
NAME OF SUBJECT SESSIONAL EXAM EXAM. TOTAL
NO. PG NO. L T P
CT TA TOTAL ESE
01. UG - Parent Department Compulsory Subject 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

02. UG - Parent Department Compulsory Subject 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

03 UG - Parent Department Compulsory Subject 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

04. PG EC 525 Fundamentals of solar cells and systems 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

Material science in solar cells and associated
05. PG EC 526 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150
technologies
06. PG EC 527 Instrumentation and controls for solar systems 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

07. UG - Parent Department Compulsory Lab 0 0 3 10 10 20 30 50

08. UG Tour - - - - - 50 - 50

09. UG/PG EC 528 Mini Project 0 0 3 0 0 20 30 50

10. PG GP 50

TOTAL 18 6 6 1100
 Semester IX

PERIODS EVALUATION SCHEME

SL. UG/ CODE SUBJECT
NAME OF SUBJECT SESSIONAL EXAM EXAM. TOTAL
NO. PG NO. L T P
CT TA TOTAL ESE
Design, Modeling and analysis of solar cells
01. PG EC 621 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150
and systems
Energy economics, management, auditing,
02. PG EC 622 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150
policy & Entrepreneurship
03 PG EC 623 Solar collectors & solar thermal systems 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

04. PG EC 624 Balance of systems in solar technology 3 1 0 30 20 50 100 150

05. PG *Elective-1 2 1 0 15 10 25 75 100

06. PG *Elective-2 2 1 0 15 10 25 75 100

07. PG *Elective-3 2 1 0 15 10 25 75 100

08. PG EC 630 aSolar Simulation Lab 0 0 3 15 10 25 50 75

09. PG EC 631 bSolar Hardware Lab 0 0 3 15 10 25 50 75

10. EC 651 GP - - - - - 50 - 50

TOTAL 18 7 6 1100

*Three distinct electives have to be chosen by the student from the following list

List of Electives:

EC 625 Energy efficient buildings and systems

EC 626 Solar products and applications
EC 627 Advanced and hybrid energy storage
EC 628 Optics in Solar Energy Applications
EC 629 Nanomaterials use in Solar Applications
Labs:
aPrograms on modeling and characterization of solar cell and solar system design on open source
software
b Any of eight experiments

1. Measurement of current and power of a load

2. Flat plate collector testing
3. PV cell characterization
4. PV panel characterization
5. Estimation of efficiency of solar PV panels
6. Effect of shadow & tilt angle on solar PV panels
7. Study on solar PV panel in series and parallel combination
8. Study on charging characteristics of a load acid battery using solar PV panels
9. Study of 500W PV power plant DC/AC
10. Performance evaluation of concentrating solar collector
11. Estimation of efficiency of solar collector
12. Performance evaluation of solar Cooker
 Semester X

PERIODS EVALUATION SCHEME

SL. CODE SESSIONAL EXAM EXAM. SUBJECT
NAME OF SUBJECT
NO. UG/P NO. L T P TOTAL
G CT TA TOTAL ESE
PG
01. EC 632 Tour 0 0 0 0 0 0 150 150
PG
02. EC 633 Seminar 0 0 0 50 50 100 50 150
PG
03 EC 634 Dissertation & field interaction - - - - - 250 500 750
PG
04. EC 652 GP 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 50

TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0 400 700 1100

 EC 523 FOUNDATION COURSE OF SOLAR ENGINEERING
(w.e.f 2016-2017)
LTP
310
Unit I
Introduction
Kirchhoff laws, Electrical circuits, resistive and capacitive loads, Network analysis: simple network analysis,
power factor improvement, Induction motor, generators, Introduction to modern speed control techniques, DC
machines. Power systems: Introduction to power transmission and distribution.
Semiconductor materials, band gap, diode, transistor, switch, rectifier, amplifier and oscillator, Introduction to
solid state power controllers: Power devices-Triggering Circuits-Rectifiers-Choppers-Inverters-AC Controllers.
8
Unit II
Thermodynamics basics: first law and its application, second law and its application, Irreversibility and
energy, basic power generation cycles.
Fluid Mechanics basics: stress-strain relations and viscosity, mass and momentum balance, flow through
pipe.
Heat Transfer: conduction, radiation, convective heat transfer. 8

Unit III
Battery function, Types of Batteries, Battery parameters, Selection of Battery, Series Parallel combination of
Batteries.
Solid, liquid and gaseous fuels, combustion process, boiler and combustion appliances, coal liquefaction and
gasification, bio-fuels, environmental considerations. 8

UNIT IV
Solar radiation, solar isolation, spectral energy distribution of solar radiation, extra terrestrial and solar
radiation on earth surface, depletion of solar radiation, diffuse and global radiation; measurement of solar
radiation; calculation of total solar radiation on horizontal and tilted surfaces, prediction of solar radiation
availability. 8

UNIT V
Solar electric conversion: PV and thermal, Solar photovoltaic energy conversion - Principles - Physics and
operation of solar cells; Solar cell energy conversion efficiency, I-V characteristics; solar PV System; Solar
thermal energy conversion: Principles and operation of solar cells; conversion efficiency, solar thermal system;
effect of variation of solar insolation and temperature, losses 8

REFERENCES
1. Foster R., Ghassemi M., Cota A., Solar Energy, CRC Press, 2010.
2. Duffie J.A., Beckman W.A. Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, 3rd ed., Wiley, 2006.
3. De Vos, A., Thermodynamics of Solar Energy Conversion, Wiley- VCH, 2008.
4. Garg H.P., Prakash J., Solar Energy Fundamentals and Applications, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2005.
5. Kalogirou S., Solar Energy Engineering, Processes and Systems, Elsevier, 2009.
6. Petela, R., Engineering Thermodynamics of Thermal Radiation for Solar Power, McGraw-Hill Co., 2010.
7. Yogi Goswami D., Frank Kreith, Jan F. Kreider, Principles of Solar Engineering, Second Edition, Taylor &
Francis, 2003.
8. Andrews J., Jelley N., Energy Science, Oxford University Press, 2010.
 EC 524 CONCEPT OF HEAT TRANSFER IN SOLAR ENGINEERING
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310
UNIT I
CONDUCTION :One dimensional energy equations and boundary conditions Three dimensional conduction
equations - Extended surfaces Critical thickness of insulations Overall heat transfer coefficient. 8

UNIT II
TURBULENT FORCED CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER: Momentum and energy equations, turbulent
boundary layer heat transfer Mixing length concepts, turbulent model K - model; Analogy between heat
and momentum transfer Reynolds, Colburn and Von Karman. High speed flows. 8

UNIT III
RADIATION: Radiation - Gases and vapors; Solar radiation Sky radiations, solar radiation through
fenestrations Estimations. 8

UNIT IV
PHASE CHANGE HEAT TRANSFER AND HEAT EXCHANGERS: Condensation and boiling Pool and flow
boiling, solidification and melting. Heat exchanger - - NTU approach and design procedure, compact heat
exchanger. 8

UNIT V
NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER: Finite difference formulation of steady and transient conduction problems.
Application of heat transfer in solar thermal system and its components. 8

REFERENCES
1. Mills A.F., Ganesan V., Heat Transfer, 2nd ed., Pearson, 2009.
2. Minkowycz W.J., Sparrow E.M., Murthy J.Y, Handbook of Numerical Heat Transfer, 2nd ed., Wiley, 2006.
3. Kreith F., Bohn M.S., Principles of Heat Transfer, 6th ed., Thomson, 2001.
4. Venkateshan S.P., Heat Transfer, Ane Books Pvt Ltd , New Delhi. 2009.
5. Das S.K., Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, Narosa, 2010.
6. Duffie J.A., Beckman W. A. Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, 3rd ed., Wiley, 2006.
7. Sachdeva R.C., Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 4th ed., New Age, 2010.
8. Ghoshdastidar P.S., Heat Transfer, Oxford University Press, 2004.
 EC 525 FUNDAMENTALS OF SOLAR CELLS AND SYSTEMS
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310
UNIT I
SOLAR CELL FUNDAMENTALS: Photovoltaic effect, Basic Mechanisms of Energy Conversion in solar cell,
Semiconductor physics: structure, energy levels, p-n junction, basic equations of p-n junction, general structure
of p-n junction solar cell, IV Characteristics, efficiency of solar cell, solar cell performance metrics. 8

UNIT II
MANUFACTURING OF PV CELLS & DESIGN OF PV SYSTEMS: Commercial solar cells - Production process of
single crystalline silicon cells, multi crystalline silicon cells, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, copper
indium gallium di-selenide cells; Design of solar PV systems and cost estimation; Case study of design of solar
PV lantern, stand alone PV system - Home lighting and other appliances, solar water pumping systems. 8

UNIT III
PV MODULE PERFORMANCE: Solar cell array, module and panels; I-V characteristics of a PV module,
maximum power point, cell efficiency,
fill factor, effect of irradiation and temperature, shading effect, orientation effect. 8

UNIT IV
CLASSIFICATION OF PV SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS: Classification - Central Power Station System,
Distributed PV System, Stand alone PV system, grid Interactive PV System, small system for consumer
applications, hybrid solar PV system, concentrator solar photovoltaic. System components - PV arrays,
inverters, batteries, charge controls, net power meters. PV array installation, operation, costs, reliability. 8

UNIT V
PV SYSTEM APPLICATIONS: Building-integrated photovoltaic units, grid-interacting central power stations,
stand-alone devices for distributed power supply in remote and rural areas, solar cars, aircraft, space solar
power satellites. Socio-economic and environmental merits of photovoltaic systems 8

REFERENCES
1. Chetan Singh Solanki., Solar Photovoltaic: Fundamentals, Technologies and Application, PHI Learning Pvt.,
Ltd., 2009.
2. Jha A.R., Solar Cell Technology and Applications, CRC Press, 2010.
3. John R. Balfour, Michael L. Shaw, Sharlave Jarosek., Introduction to Photovoltaics, Jones & Bartlett
Publishers, Burlington, 2011.
4. Luque A. L. and Andreev V.M., Concentrator Photovoltaic, Springer, 2007.
5. Partain L.D., Fraas L.M., Solar Cells and Their Applications, 2nd ed., Wiley, 2010.
6. S.P. Sukhatme, J.K.Nayak., Solar Energy, Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited, New Delhi, 2010.
 EC 526 MATERIAL SCIENCE IN SOLAR CELLS AND ASSOCIATED TECHNOLOGIES
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310
UNIT I
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF MATERIALS SCIENCE: Electronic and atomic structures, atomic bonding in
solids, crystal structure, microstructure, solidification, alloys. Mechanical and electrical behavior of ceramics.
Description of optical and thermal materials of concrete and composite materials. Intrinsic and extrinsic semi-
conductors, super conductivity and applications. 8

UNIT II
PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS: Mechanical, photonic, thermal electrical and magnetic properties of metals,
alloys, semiconductors, polymers, glass, nano-materials and magnetic materials. Environmental effects -
corrosion, erosion, wind loads, thermal stress and weathering properties of solar materials. 8

UNIT III
TESTING OF MATERIALS: Concepts of stress and strain, Hookes law, tension, compression and shear. Stress-
strain diagram and thermal stresses. Elasticity in metals and polymers, plastic deformation, yield stress, shear
strength, strengthening mechanisms, effect of temperature, fracture behavior of various materials, failure
analysis, solid solutions and phase diagrams. 8

UNIT IV
MATERIALS FOR SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS: Design and development of heat transfer systems - Domestic
community and commercial solar thermal applications. Design considerations of solar collectors, special
coatings, reflectors, lenses, receivers, tracking and non-tracking concentrator, thermal energy storage, heat
exchangers, solar chimney, solar steam generators, solar ponds and solar still, solar dryer and furnace. 8

UNIT V
MATERIALS FOR SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS: Characteristics of solar photovoltaic cell, modules, batteries,
inverters, charge controller, supporting structures. Construction of SPV collector, array and fields. Cost analysis
and payback calculations of solar panels and collectors. 8

REFERENCES
1. Ramamrutam S., Strength of Materials, 16thedition, Danpat Rai Publications, 2010.
2. Callister W.D., Materials Science and Engineering, 6th edition, Wiley
 EC 527 INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS FOR SOLAR SYSTEMS
(w.e.f 2016-2017)
LTP
310

UNIT I
CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTRUMENTS :Instruments - Classification Characteristics Static and dynamics -
Systematic and random errors -Statistical analysis - Uncertainty - Selection and reliability; Data logging and
acquisition - Intelligent instruments - Physical variables - Error reduction. 8

UNIT II
THRMAL AND FLUID FLOW MEASUREMENTS: Measurement of temperature, pressure and flow- Gas
analyzers-measurement of smoke, dust and moisture, pH-gas chromatography-spectrometry-Review of basic
measurement techniques, Flow visualization techniques, shadowgraph, schileren, interferometer, LDA, heat
flux measurement, telemetry in energy systems. 8

UNIT III
TRANSDUCERS & MICROPROCESSORS: Digital Transducers Interface system and Standards Computer
automated measurements and controls (CAMAC) standards Remote monitoring and control of boiler houses,
Microprocessor based temperature control system Introduction to microcontrollers Process control system
Pneumatic control systems - Simple circuits. 8

UNIT IV
CONTROLLER: Basic concepts of process control, discontinuous and continuous mode operation. Introduction
to proportional, integral and derivative control. Controller design, characteristics and feedback compensation.
Response of controllers, Pneumatic and electronic realization of controllers. Selection of controllers, need for
process controller, controller tuning and evaluation criteria. P/I and I/P converters. 8

UNIT V
CONTROL OF SOLAR PLANTS : Basic and Advanced control of solar plants- basic control algorithms, adaptive
and optimal controls. Model based predictive control strategies, frequency domain control and robust optimal
control. Introduction to fuzzy logic control and LABVIEW - Current trends in instrumentation. 8

REFERENCES
1. Raman, C.S. Sharma, G.R., Mani, V.S.V., Instrumentation Devices and Systems, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi,
2010.
2. Doeblin, Measurement System Application and Design, McGraw- Hill, 2010.
3. Morris. A.S, Principles of Measurements and Instrumentation, Prentice Hall of India, 2009.
4. George C Barney, Intelligent Instrumentation Microprocessor and Applications in Measurements and Control,
Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 2008.
5. Holman, J.P., Experimental methods for engineers, McGraw-Hill, 2009.
6. Barney, Intelligent Instrumentation, Prentice Hall of India, 2008.
7. Eduardo F. Camacho, Manuel Berenguel, Francisco R. Rubio, Diego Martinez, Control of Solar Energy
Systems, Springer, 2012.
8. Kai Velten., Mathematical Modeling and Simulation, 1st ed., Wiley- VCH, 2009.
9. Johnson C.D., Process control and instrumentation, 8th ed., Pearson, 2006.
10. Meyer W.J., Concepts of Mathematical Modeling, Dover Publ., 2004.
11. Dym C.L., Principles of Mathematical Modeling, 2nd ed., Academic Press, 2004.
 EC 621 DESIGN, MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SOLAR CELLS AND SYSTEMS
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310
UNIT I
SOLAR CELL MODELING CONCEPT: Design of different types of solar cells, Introduction to device modeling,
modeling of solar cells, solar cell performance coefficients: Short Circuit Current, Open Circuit Voltage,
Maximum Power Point, Maximum Efficiency, fill factor; optical performance of solar cells. 8

UNIT II
MATHEMATICAL MODELING & QUATITATIVE TECHNIQUES:
Mathematical modeling overview Types, stages, choosing the modeling equations, levels of analysis, steps in
model development, solving and testing of models.
Quantitative techniques Interpolation - Polynomial, Lagrangian curve fitting, regression analysis and solution
of transcendental equations. 8

UNIT III
NUMERICAL METHODS: Numerical solution of differential equations - Overview, convergence, accuracy.
Methodology of the system modeling, analysis, simulation and economic assessment. 8

UNIT IV
SOFTWARE TOOLS: Overview of effective tools for solar energy systems - RET Screen - Evaluation of the
energy production and savings of renewable energy and energy efficient technologies, TRNSYS - Dynamic
simulation of solar heating and cooling systems, GREENIUS - Simulation, design and analysis of solar thermal
electric and photovoltaic systems, PVSYST - Sizing, simulation and analysis of photovoltaic systems. 8

UNIT V - ENERGY OPTIMIZATION

Case studies of energy system optimization Application - Analysis and design of solar thermal and
photovoltaic systems. 8

REFERENCES
1. Bender E.A., Introduction to Mathematical Modeling, Dover Publ., 2000.
2. Meyer W.J., Concepts of Mathematical Modeling, Dover Publ., 2004.
3. Dym C.L., Principles of Mathematical Modeling, Elsevier, 2004.
4. Duffie J.A., Beckman W.A. Solar Engineering of Thermal Process, Wiley, 3rd ed. 2006.
5. Kalogirou S.A., Solar Energy Engineering: Processes and Systems, Academic Press, 2009.
6. Sen Z., Solar Energy Fundamentals and Modeling Techniques, Turkey, 2008.
7. Vanek F.M., Albright L.D. Energy Systems Engineering, McGraw- Hill, 2008.
 EC 622 ENERGY ECONOMICS, MANAGEMENT, AUDITING, POLICY & ENTREPRENEURSHIP

(w.e.f 2016-2017)
LTP

310

UNIT I
Energy Scenario, Global and national prospective, Importance of energy security, trends in energy consumption
of various energy sources, trends in total energy production, consumption and imports, demand projection of
energy needs, Role of Energy Managers in Industries, Energy monitoring, auditing & targeting, Economics of
various Energy Conservation schemes. Total Energy Systems, Energy management and audit: Definition,
energy audit need, understanding energy costs types of energy audit; Preliminary Audit; Establish energy
consumption in the organization, Estimate the scope for saving, Identify the most likely areas of attention,
benchmarking, energy performance. 8

UNIT II
Energy action planning : Key elements, force field analysis, energy policy purpose, perspective contents,
formulation, ratification, organizing, location of energy management, top management support, managerial
function, roles, responsibilities, and accountability of energy manager, motivating; motivation of employees,
information system designing barriers, strategies, marketing and communicating, training & planning. 8

UNIT III
Types of business Enterprise, Formalities of Setting up of a small Business Enterprise, Government policy for
small scale industry; stages in starting a small scale industry, sales and income taxes and workman
compensation act. Role of various national and state agencies which render assistance to small scale industries.
8
UNIT IV
Business opportunity in renewable energy, Project identification- assessment of viability, formulation,
evaluation, financing, field-study and collection of information, preparation of project report, demand analysis,
material balance and output methods, benefit cost analysis, discounted cash flow, internal rate of return and
net present value methods. 8

UNIT V
Introduction to Energy Business Plans, Essentials of a business plan, Entrepreneurial Risks and Sustainability
Ethics with a Focus on Odds of Success and Due Diligence, Preparing A Sustainable Energy Business Plan; any
one of stand-alone solar PV system/ Grid interactive Solar Rooftop PV system/ wind energy system/ hybrid
system. 8

REFERENCES
1. Entrepreneurship by Forbat, John, New Age International.
2. Management and Entrepreneurship by Havinal, Veerbhadrappa New Age International
3. Essential of Management, by Joseph, L. Massod Prentice Hall of India.
4. Energy Security and Economic Development in India: a holistic approach By Bala Bhaskar TERI
5. Entrepreneurship, by Hisrich Tata Mc Grew Hill, New Delhi
6. Energy Management Principles, by CB Smith, Pergamon Press
7. Industrial Energy Conservation, by Reay D.A Pergamon Press,
8. Energy Management and Conservation, by D Patrick and S W Fardo, Prentice Hall Inc.
9. Guide to Energy Management, by Kennedy, Turner and Capehart, The Fairmount Press
10. Energy Management Handbook, by Wayne C Turner, The Fairmount Press
11. Energy Management in Illumination System, by Kao Chen, CRC Press, 2000
 EC 623 SOLAR COLLECTORS & SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS

(w.e.f 2016-2017)
LTP

310

UNIT I
SOLAR FLAT PLATE COLLECTORS: Fundamentals of solar collectors , Non-concentrating low temperature
flat-plate and evacuated tube collectors, design and structures of collectors for heating liquids and air, optimal
collector tilt and orientation, collector performance: useful energy gain, energy losses, efficiency; Use of
selective coatings to enhance the collector efficiency; concentrating collectors for middle and high temperature
applications. 8

UNIT II
SOLAR CONCENTRATING COLLECTORS: Line-focusing and point-focusing concentrators: parabolic trough,
parabolic dish, heliostat field with central receiver, Fresnel lenses, compound parabolic concentrator; DTIR
collector, sun tracking mechanisms; concentrating collector performance - concentration ratio, useful energy
gain, energy losses, efficiency; solar collector design, testing, installation and operation. 8

UNIT III
APPLICATIONS OF SOLAR COLLECTORS: Non-concentrating collectors in low temperature solar thermal
plants for space heating and cooling, solar cooking drying, seawater desalination, solar pond, solar greenhouse;
Concentrating collectors for process heat production and power generation and performance calculations.
Thermal energy storage systems. 8

UNIT IV
SOLAR PASSIVE HEATING AND COOLING: Thermal comfort - Heat transmission in buildings - Bioclimatic
classification; Passive heating concepts - Direct heat gain, indirect heat gain, isolated gain and sunspaces;
Passive cooling concepts - Evaporative cooling, radiative cooling, application of wind, water and earth for
cooling, roof cooling, earth air-tunnel; Energy efficient landscape design - Concept of solar temperature and its
significance, calculation of instantaneous heat gain through building envelope. 8

UNIT V
SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANTS : Solar thermal electric power plants based on parabolic trough, solar
central receiver, parabolic dish-Stirling engine. Concentrated solar power using Fresnel lenses. Fundamentals
of design calculations and analysis of solar power plants. Economic analysis. 8

REFERENCES
1. Artur V.Kilian., Solar Collectors: Energy Conservation, Design and Applications, Nova Science Publishers
Incorporated, 2009.
2. Soteris.A.Kalogiru., Solar Energy Engineering: Processes and systems, 1st edition, Academic press, 2009.
3. K.Sukhatme, Suhas P.Sukhatme., Solar energy: Principles of thermal collection and storage, Tata McGraw Hill
publishing Co. Ltd, 8th edition, 2008.
4. Duffie, J. A. & W. A. Beckman., Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, 3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,
2006.
5. H.P.Garg, J.Prakash., Solar energy fundamentals and applications, Tata McGraw Hill publishing Co. Ltd, 2006.
6. D.Yogi Goswami, Frank Kreith, Jan F.Kreider., Principle of solar engineering, 2nd edition, Taylor and Francis,
2nd edition, 2003.
7. G.N.Tiwari., Solar energy: Fundamentals, Design, Modeling and Applications, CRC Press Inc., 2002.
8. Kalogirou S.A., Solar Energy Engineering: Processes and Systems, Academic Press, 2009.
9. Vogel W., Kalb H., Large-Scale Solar Thermal Power Technologies, Wiley-VCH, 2010.
10. Duffie J. A, Beckman W. A., Solar Engineering of Thermal Process, Wiley, 3rd ed. 2006.
 EC 624 BALANCE OF SYSTEMS IN SOLAR TECHNOLOGY
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310
UNIT I
BATTERIES FOR PV SYSTEMS: Battery principles, battery parameters, battery types: lead acid battery,
cadmium batteries, other batteries; Comparison of batteries, battery systems. 8

UNIT II
CHARGE CONTROLLERS: Types of charge controllers, charge controller features, Charge controller set points,
charge controller applications. 8

UNIT III
INVERTERS & CONVERTERS
DC TO DC CONVERTERS: Buck type DC to DC Converters, Boost type DC to DC Converters, Buck-boost type DC
to DC Converters, Control of DC to DC Converters, Input side reflected impedance of the DC to DC Converters,
Higher order DC to DC Converters
DC TO AC CONVERTERES(INVERTERS): Inverter features and specifications, single phase DC to AC Converter,
three phase DC to AC Converter, Inverter with pulse width modulation, Inverter features and specifications,
power conditioning units, Maximum power point tracking. 8

UNIT IV
SOLAR SYSTEM SIZING, MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL INTEGRATION: Sizing methodologies, sizing
calculations, mechanical considerations, array mounting systems, mechanical integration, voltage and current
requirements, conductors and wiring methods, over-current protection, disconnects, grounding. 8

UNIT V
GRID & UTILITY INTERCONNECTION: Distributed generation, utility interconnection policies, hybrid PV
systems, Off grid systems, grid connected PV systems, PV systems: commissioning, maintenance, mounting &
troubleshooting; Simple energy payback period, lifecycle costing. 8

REFERENCES
1. James P Dunlop, Photovoltaic Systems, 2nd Editions, American Technical Publishers, Inc, Orland park,
Illions, 2010.
2. Chetan Singh Solanki, Solar Photovoltaics: Fundamentals, Technologies and Applications, PHI learning
private Limited, 2009.
3. Editors: Antonio Luque & Steven Hegedus, Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Wiley,
2002.
 Elective Courses

EC 625 ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS AND SYSTEMS

(w.e.f 2016-2017)
LTP
310

UNIT I
Concepts of energy efficient buildings and energy efficient HVAC systems, Calculation of heating and cooling
loads of the building, Buildings energy balance accounting for solar energy gain Heat losses - Internal heat
sources. Study of climate and its influence in building design for energy requirement. Low energy and zero
energy buildings. 8

UNIT II
General principles of passive solar heating: Key design elements - Direct solar heat gain water walls, trombe
walls, convective air loops, concepts and case studies. General principles of passive cooling, ventilation,
predicting ventilation in buildings, window ventilation calculations, Re-radiation: Evaporative cooling, mass
effect, thermal insulation, load control, air filtration, odor removal and heat recovery in large buildings. 8

UNIT III
Materials, components and details: Insulation, Optical materials, Radiant barriers. Glazing materials Day
lighting Sources and concepts Building design Strategies Case studies Electric lighting, light
distribution, electric lighting control for day lighted buildings and illumination requirement Components of
daylight factor Recommended daylight factors and day lighting analysis. 8

UNIT IV
Requirements Heat transmission through building sections Thermal performance of building sections
Orientation of buildings Building characteristics for various climates Thermal design of buildings
influence of design parameters Mechanical controls. Ventilation Requirements Minimum standards for
ventilation Ventilation Design Energy conservation in ventilating systems Design for natural ventilation.
8
UNIT V
Green building features - Green materials, integrated ecological design, sustainable site and landscaping
enhancing ecosystems, indoor environment quality, microclimate, day lighting, water and waste
management; Costs and benefits relevance to LEED / IGBC standards - High-performance green buildings -
Economics, managing initial costs and environment benefits; International green globes building assessment
system. 8

REFERENCES
1. Eicker U., Low Energy Cooling for Sustainable Buildings, Wiley, 2009.
2. Kibert C.J. Sustainable Construction: Green Building Design, 2nd edition, Wiley, 2007.
3. Boecker J., Integrative Design Guide to Green Building, Wiley, 2009.
4. Means R.S., Green building: project planning and cost estimating, Kingston, 2006.
5. Gevorkian P., Alternative Energy Systems in Building Design, McGraw-Hill, 2010.
6. Attmann O., Green Architecture, McGraw-Hill, 2010.
 EC 626 SOLAR PRODUCTS AND APPLICATIONS
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310
UNIT I
Solar products: solar cooker, solar heater, solar lightening systems, solar lamp, solar inverters, solar ponds,
solar battery chargers. 8

UNIT II
Applications of solar energy in agriculture, solar products for agricultural applications. 8

UNIT III
Applications of solar energy for domestic purposes, solar products for domestic purposes. 8

UNIT IV
Applications of solar energy in communication, solar products for communication applications. 8

UNIT V
Applications of solar energy in various industries, solar products for industrial uses. 8

REFERENCES
1. Chetan Singh Solanki., Solar Photovoltaic: Fundamentals, Technologies and Application, PHI Learning Pvt.,
Ltd., 2009.
2. Jha A.R., Solar Cell Technology and Applications, CRC Press, 2010.
3. John R. Balfour, Michael L. Shaw, Sharlave Jarosek., Introduction to Photovoltaics, Jones & Bartlett
Publishers, Burlington, 2011.
4. Luque A. L. and Andreev V.M., Concentrator Photovoltaic, Springer, 2007.
5. Partain L.D., Fraas L.M., Solar Cells and Their Applications, 2nd ed., Wiley, 2010.
 EC 627 ADVANCED & HYBRID ENERGY STORAGE
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310

UNIT I
ENERGY STORAGE: Energy storage - Utilization of energy storage devices, specific areas of applications of
energy storage, selection of types of energy to be stored, types of storage system; Thermal energy storage -
Necessity, types, comparison of thermal energy storage technologies - Seasonal thermal energy storage. 8

UNIT II
ANALYSIS OF THERMAL STORAGE MODELS: Single-blow operating mode - Infinite fluid heat capacity,
negligible temperature gradient in storage material, internal temperature gradient in storage material,
simplified model. Finite conductivity model-slab configuration, hollow cylinder, comparisons of finite
conductivity models of hollow cylindrical and slab configurations, analysis of the effects of finite thermal
conductivity. 8

UNIT III
MODELING OF LHTES SYSTEMS: Modeling of phase change problems Temperature based model
Enthalpy model - Porous medium approach - Conduction dominated phase change Convection dominated
phase change. Heat transfer with phase change in simple geometries; Basic concepts and modeling of heat
storage units - Packed beds. 8

UNIT IV
STORAGE MATERIALS AND HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS: Thermal energy storage materials - Classification,
thermo physical properties, selection criteria; Phase change materials classifications, properties, selection
for heating and cooling applications. Heat transfer fluids - Properties, selection of heat transfer fluid for
heating and cooling applications. 8

UNIT V
THERMAL STORAGE APPLICATIONS: Cool storage concept - Comparison of storage technologies, cool
thermal storage in process cooling and building air conditioning systems; Solar energy storage Passive
heating and cooling, green house heating Drying and heating for process industries - Solar power plant
applications. 8

REFERENCES
1. Ibrahim Dincer and Marc A. Rosen, Thermal Energy Storage Systems and Applications, 2nd Edition, John
Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2011.
2. Frank W. Schmidt, A. John Willmott, Thermal Energy Storage and Regeneration, Hemishere Publishing Co.,
1981.
3. Charles E. Dorgan, James S. Elleson, Design Guide for Cool Thermal Storage, ASHRAE, Atlanda, 1993.
4. Viskanta R, Solar Heat Storage: Latent Heat Materials, CRC Press, Florida, 1983.
5. G. Beckmann, Thermal Energy Storage: Basics, Design, Applications to power generation and heat supply,
Springer, 1984.
6. ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals, American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air conditioning
Engineers, New York, 1993.
 EC 628 OPTICS IN SOLAR ENERGY APPLICATIONS
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310

UNIT I
OPTICAL PROPERTIES: Basic concepts of physical and geometrical optics, Optical properties of materials,
relations between optical properties and band structure. 8

UNIT II
OPTICS PHENOMENA: Phenomena of polarization, photoluminescence, interference, reflection, refraction,
transmission, diffraction, dispersion and scattering. 8

UNIT III
OPTICS ANALYSIS: Intensity at a point due to a plane wave front, Ray analysis, Total internal reflection,
Mirror and lens formulae, Electronic inter- bond and intra-bond transitions. 8

UNIT IV
CONCENTRATION OPTICS: Optics of parabolic cylinders and spheres, Concentration of direct solar radiation
by parabolic trough, parabolic dish, heliostat field with central receiver, and Fresnel lenses. Concentration
ratio range for each type of concentrators, Reflection of parallel and non- parallel rays, Errors in reflection to
a fixed point on a receiver of a solar tower. 8

UNIT V
NON-IMAGING OPTICS: Non-imaging optics, Compound parabolic concentrator, Selective coatings for solar
collectors. 8

REFERENCES
1. Jha A.K., A text book of Applied Physics, IK International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 2009.
2. Chaves J., Introduction to Nonimaging Optics, CRC, Taylor and Francis, 2008.
3. Joseph J. O Gallagher, Nonimaging Optics in Solar Energy, Morgan and Claypool Publishers, 2008.
4. S.K.Dwidedi, A text book of Engineering Physics, IK International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 2007.
5. Roland. Winston, Juan C. Minano, Pablo G. Benitez, Nonimaging Optics, Academic Press, 2005.
6. Alan Giambattista, Betty Richardson, Robert C. Richardson , College Physics, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill
Higher Education, 2005.
7. Walker J., Fundamentals of Physics, 3rd edition., Wiley, 2008. 8. Cowell B., Optics, Cowell, 2010 (e-
Book).
 EC 629 NANOMATERIALS USE IN SOLAR APPLICATIONS
(w.e.f 2016-2017)

LTP
310
UNIT I
PROPERTIES OF NANOMATERIALS: Introduction to nanomaterial, nano dimensional materials,
classification of nanomaterials, bulk materials and nanomaterials changes in bulk and nanomaterials,
thermal and thermo-electric properties of nano structures - modeling and metrology. Nanowires,
nanostructures, nanocomposites. 8

UNIT II
NANOMATERIALS FOR SOLAR THERMAL CONVERSION: Conversion of thermal energy - Nanostructures
and nanomaterials, materials selection criteria, particle-scale effect. Phase compositions on nanoscale
microstructures; Nanoparticles for conduction heat transfer, coatings on fins. 8

UNIT III
NANO APPLICATIONS IN THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE: Basics of thermal energy storage systems;
Application of nano-materials in solar thermal energy production and storage systems - Sensible, latent heat
and chemical energy storages; Nano-encapsulated phase change materials in cooling applications;
Nanotechnology for electrochemical energy storage. 8

UNIT IV
NANOMATERIALS FOR PHOTOVOLTAICS : Photochemical solar cells, PV panels with nanostructures. Phase
compositions on nanoscale microstructures role of nanostructures and materials nanomaterials in solar
photovoltaic technology- band gap engineering and optical engineering - tandem structures - quantum well
and quantum dot solar cells - photo-thermal cells organic solar cells.
Performance and reliability of nanomaterials based solar cells. 8

UNIT V
NANOMATERIALS IN FUEL CELL APPLICATIONS: Use of nanostructures and nano-materials in fuel cell
technology - high and low temperature fuel cells, cathode and anode reactions, fuel cell catalysts, electrolytes,
ceramic catalysts, Use of nano technology in hydrogen production and storage. 8

REFERENCES
1. Garcia-Martinez.J., Nano technology for Energy Challenge, Wiley-H Weinheim, 2010.
2. Maheshwar Sharon, Madhuri Sharon, Carbon Nano forms and Applications, McGraw-Hill, 2010.
3. Tsakalakos.L., Nanotechnology for Photovoltaics, CRC, 2010.
4. Wiesner M.R. and Bottero J.Y., Environmental Nano technology: Applications and Impacts of nanomaterials,
Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007.
5. KarkareI.K. , Nanotechnology- Fundamentals and Applications, IK Intern.Publ., 2008.
6. LeiteE.R., Nano structured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Production and Storage, Springer, 2009.
7. Eftekhari A., Nano structured Materials in Electrochemistry, Wiley- VCH, 2008.
8. Allhoff F., What is Nanotechnology, Wiley, 2010.