SCI-BIO

Biology Benchmark Exam 2016 [Exam ID:277L1C] Scan Number:3881

1 Whichofthefollowingisatypicalexampleofaunicellularorganism?
A earthworm
B bacteria
C fungi
D greenalgae

2 Allcells,prokaryoticandeukaryotic,haveafewcommonfeatures.Which
cellfeatureisfoundinbothprokaryoticandeukaryoticcells?
A ribosome
B chloroplastmembrane
C nucleus
D endoplasmicreticulum

3 Astudentisgiventhefollowinglist.


1. protein
2. RNA
3. mitochondrion
4. ribosome


Thepresenceofwhichstructureallowsthestudenttoconcludethatthe
unitisaeukaryoticcell?
A Structure1
B Structure2
C Structure3
D Structure4
4 Lookatthediagram.

Whatdoesthediagrammodel?
A avirus
B abacterium
C aplantcell
D ananimalcell

5 Thehumanbodyprocessesandeliminatesfoodwasteusingtheorgansof
theexcretorysystem.Whichorganelleperformsasimilarfunctionin
humansatthecellularlevel?
A mitochondrion
B endoplasmicreticulum
C lysosome
D Golgicomplex

6 Whichis MOST likelyacancertreatment?

A adrugthatkillsonlyverysmallcells
B adrugthatkillsonlyverylargecells
C adrugthatkillsonlyslowlydividingcells
D adrugthatkillsonlyrapidlydividingcells
7 Whatroledoribosomesplayinthecentraldogmaofmolecularbiology?
A correcterrorsinDNA
B transferinformationfromDNAtoRNA
C recycleRNAbackintoDNA
D useRNAtomanufactureproteins

8 Whichcellularstructureisrequiredforaplantcelltokeepitsrigidshape?
A Endoplasmicreticulum
B Chloroplasts
C Cellwall
D Cytoplasm

9 Cellmembranesaredescribedasselectivelypermeable.Fourstudents
wereaskedtoexplainwhatthismeansandprovidedtheanswersgiven
below.

Student1:Cellmembranespreventallmaterialsfromenteringthecell.
Student2:Cellmembranesonlyprovidestructuralsupportforthecell.
Student3:Cellmembranesregulatewhichsubstancescanenterandexit
thecell.
Student4:Cellmembranesallowwaterandwatersolublesubstancesto
enterthecell.

Whichstudentcorrectlyidentifiedthefunctionoftheselectively
permeablemembrane?
A Student1
B Student2
C Student3
D Student4
10 Rounded,floatingleaveswithwaxycoveringandflexiblestemshave
madetheorganismshownsuitedtotheenvironmentinwhichitlives.

WhichprocessisMOST responsibleforadaptingthisorganismtoits
environment?
A geneticdrift
B climatechange
C naturalselection
D asexualreproduction

11 Eachbeakershownbelowcontainsanamphibianeggcollectedfromone
offourdifferentlocations.

Whichofthesebeakerscontainsaneggthatwouldshrink?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4

12 Stemcellsarecellsthatcandifferentiateintomanydifferentkindsof
cells.Scientistshavediscoveredthattheenvironmentsupportingthe
cellsinfluencesstemcelldifferentiation.Forexample,stemcellsgrown
onstrong,flexiblesurfacesbecamemusclecells.WhatMOST likely
happenedtostemcellsgrownonahard,rigidsurface?
A Theybecamenervecells.
B Theybecameredbloodcells.
C Theybecamebonecells.
D Theybecameskincells.
13 AscientistdiscoversthatthestrandofDNAtheresearchteamisusinghas20%
guanineand20%cytosine.Whatpercentageofadenineandthyminewillitcontain?
A 30%adenine,30%thymine
B 40%adenine,20%thymine
C 20%adenine,40%thymine
D 40%adenine,40%thymine

14 Whichprocesshas MOST likelyoccurredwhennewtraitsappearina

species?
A selectivebreeding
B geneticmutation
C crossbreeding
D cloning

15 Thediscoveryofafossilizedanimalwithteeth,alongbonytail,and
featheredwingshelpedtoestablishwhichevolutionarysequence?
A rodentstobats
B reptilestobirds
C aquaticorganismstolandbasedorganisms
D invertebratestoflying organisms

16

Basedontheembryologicaldata,whichtwospecieswouldbeconsideredmostclosely
related?
A 2and3 C 1and2
B 1and4 D 2and4
17 Thetableshowsthehatchlingsuccessoffourmatingpairsofsongbirds.

HatchlingSuccessofFourMatingPairsofSongbirds
Number of Number of Eggs Number of Young
Mating Pair
Eggs Laid Hatched Leaving the Nest
Q 4 2 2

R 2 2 1

S 3 3 3

T 5 3 0

WhichmatingpairwillMOST affectthegeneticmakeupofanevolving
population?
A Q
B R
C S
D T

18 Whichofthese BEST describesthebenefitofgeneticvariationwithina

species?
A Itensuressomeorganismscansurviveanenvironmentalchange.
B Itoccursevenamongorganismsthatareisolated.
C Itallowsmostorganismstofindappropriatemates.
D Itisenergeticallyinexpensivefororganismstomaintain.

19


Inthefigureshowinggeneexpression,whatshouldreplacelabelA?
A Transcription
B Polymerase
C Translation
D Synthesis

20 ThenucleuscontainsDNA.WhichstatementBEST describeshowDNA
controlstheworkingofthecell?
A Itcodesforproteins.
B Itinhibitsdivisionofcells.
C Ithelpsinenergytransformation.
D Itregulatestrafficinandoutofthecell.
21 A DNAstrandhasanucleotidesequenceofTTATGCTCCTAAforagene
segment.

WhatistheaminoacidsequenceofthecomplementarymRNAstrandof
thisDNAstrand?
A GlyValValPhe
B LeuCysSerStop
C AsnThrArgIle
D PheSerSerStop

22 ADNAstrandundergoingreplicationcontainsthebasesTACGTT.Which
complementarystranddoesitproduce?
A AUCGAA
B ATGCAA
C ATCGAA
D AUCGTT
23

Whatprocessisbeingshowninthefigure?
A Asexualreproduction
B Mitosis
C Meiosis
D Binaryfission

24 Attheendofthemitoticcellcycle,acelldividesintotwocells.What
musthappenbeforethecelldivides?
A Thenumberoforganellesdoubles.
B Chromosomesmustbecopied.
C Fournucleimustbeformed.
D Themembranethickens.

25 Whichoftheseshowsthecorrectorder forthecentraldogmaof
molecularbiology?
A DNAtoproteintoRNA
B RNAtoDNAtoprotein
C proteintoDNAtoRNA
D DNAtoRNAtoprotein
26 Astudentobservesseveralslideswithdifferentcelltypesundera
microscope.

Slide Type of Cells
Slide 1 Liver cell of a mouse
Slide 2 Sperm cell of a human

Slide 3 Skin cells of a human

Slide 4 Egg cells of a mouse

Whichpairofslides containscellsthatresultedfrommeiosis?
A Slide1andSlide3
B Slide2andSlide4
C Slide2andSlide3
D Slide1andSlide4

27 Themusclecellsofanelephantcontain62chromosomes.Howmany
chromosomesareinanelephanteggcell?
A 31
B 62
C 122
D 244

28 AnerroringameteformationresultsinazygotewithanXXY
chromosomecombination.Whichcharacteristicofanindividualis
affectedbythiscombination?
A cellularrespiration
B genderlinkedtraits
C muscleproteinstructure
D nervoussystemformation
29 Usethediagramtoanswerthequestionthatfollows.

Whichphaseofmitosisisrepresentedinthediagram?
A prophase
B anaphase
C metaphase
D telophase

30 AccordingtoDarwin'stheoryofevolution,thevariationsamongfinches
thatheobservedintheGalapagosIslandsresultedfrom
A transmissionofacquiredcharacteristics.
B useordisuseoftheirbeaks.
C naturalmutagens.
D naturalselection.

31 UsethePunnettsquaretoanswerthequestionthatfollows.

Inamonohybridcrossbetweentwoorganismsheterozygousfora
particulartrait(Ff),whatwouldbethepredictedratiooftheoffspring's
genotypes?
A 1FF:3Ff:1ff
B 1FF:2Ff:1ff
C 2FF:2Ff
D 3Ff:1ff
32 Inonespeciesofanimal,browneyes(B)aredominantoverblueeyes
(b).A browneyedhomozygous maleiscrossedwitha blueeyed
homozygousfemale,asshowninthePunnettsquarebelow.

Whatisthe probabilityofthe offspring havingbrowneyes?

A 0%
B 25%
C 50%
D 100%

33 Astudentispredictingwhethertheseedsofpeaplantsproducedbythe
crossshowninthePunnettsquarewillbewrinkledorround.Round(R)
seedsaredominant,andwrinkled(r)seedsarerecessive.

Thiscrosswillproducewhatpercentageofoffspring?
A 100%round,0%wrinkled
B 75%round,25%wrinkled
C 50%round,50%wrinkled
D 25%round,75%wrinkled
34 Asnapdragonplantwithredflowers(RR)iscrossedwithasnapdragon
plantwithwhiteflowers(WW).Snapdragonflowersshowincomplete
dominance.APunnettsquareofthecrossisshownbelow.

Ifthecrossproducesfouroffspring,howmanyofeachcolorflowerwould
likelybeproduced?
A fourredflowers
B fourpinkflowers
C tworedflowersandtwopinkflowers
D twowhiteflowersandtwopinkflowers

35 Informationaboutrelationshipsamonglivingorganismsandthosethatinhabited
Earthinthepastisgainedbycomparingdevelopmentalstagesoforganismsandby
examiningandinterpretingthe
A ionosphere
B humanactivityintheenvironment
C pollutioncontentintheenvironment
D fossilrecord

36 WhichBEST explainswhyantibioticslosetheireffectivenessovera
periodofyears?
A Antibioticsbreakdownveryquicklywhendigestedinthebody.
B Antibioticscankillbacteriaonlywithinthefirstfewhoursofillness.
C Antibioticsareeffectiveatfirstbutbecomeweakbeforekillingoffharmfulbacteria.
Antibioticsareeffectiveatkillingsomebacteria,butthestrongerbacteriasurvive
D
andreproduce.

37 NaturalselectionCANNOT occurwithout
A competitionforunlimitedresources.
B gradualwarmingofEarth.
C geneticvariationinspecies.
D asexualreproductioninspecies.
38

Astudentisinvestigatingwhichpapertowelbrandtakesthemostpenniestobreaka
suspendedpapertowel.Thestudentplacestheinformationinthetable.Whichgraph
bestdisplaysthedata?

A C

B D

39 Foranorganismtobeclassifiedintheanimalkingdom,whichcharacteristicmustthe
organismhave?
A Unicellular,withoutanucleus,withoutacellwall,autotrophic
B Multicellular,withanucleus,withacellwall,autotrophic
C Unicellular,withanucleus,withacellwall,heterotrophic
D Multicellular,withanucleus,withoutacellwall,heterotrophic

40 Thecellularorganellethatismostdirectlyrelatedtotheprocessofphotosynthesisis
the
A chloroplast
B endoplasmicreticulum
C golgibodies
D mitochondria
41 Proteinsthataresynthesizedinribosomalsubunitsundergoextensive
posttranslationalmodificationand arepackagedanddirectedtothe
appropriatedestination.Whichstructuralcomponentofacellisinvolved
insuchmodification?
A endoplasmicreticulum
B lysosomes
C mitochondria
D Golgiapparatus

42 WhichtermBEST describesthemovementofwaterthroughcell
membranes?
A respiration
B osmosis
C mitosis
D condensation

43 Whatwouldbetheinitialresultif aDNAmoleculedidNOTreplicate
accurately?
A infertilityoftheorganism
B incorrectproteinsynthesis
C increaseinreproductionrate
D immediatedeathoftheorganism

44 Meiosisisatypeofcelldivisioninwhichgermcellsdividetoproduce
haploidcells. Wheredoesmeiosisoccur?
A braincells
B bonecells
C musclecells
D ovarycells

45 Malebarnswallowbirdswithsymmetricallyshapedwingsfindmates
morequicklythanmaleswithasymmetricalwingshapes.Which
statementBEST explainsthesignificanceofsymmetryinthebarn
swallowpopulation?
A Symmetricalwingsareattractivetofemales.
B Symmetricalwingsindicategeneticmutations.
C Symmetricalwingsindicatethatmalesaregoodpredators.
D Symmetricalwingsaresignsthatabirdisveryaggressive.