INTRODUCTION:

Adhi Well-30 is being drilled in the Village Adhi near Doltala. The proprietor of the Well is PPL
(Pakistan Petroleum Limited). PPL hires services companies to work on the field. Services
companies include:
1. CCDC: CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, is responsible for drilling
the well. Major equipment used in all the systems were all property of CCDC. Therefore,
the name of the rig is CCDC-30. Safety regarding the whole operations was also there
responsibility.
2. Halliburton: provided services such as Mud Logging, Directional Drilling, and MWD etc.
Materials required to form the drilling fluid was also the responsibility of Halliburton.
3. Schlumberger: Casing and Cementing
4. Scomi was responsible for keeping the area clean

I did a 3-week internship at the above mentioned rig. Following report includes the details of the
different departments I worked in while I was on there. It also comprises the working principles
of most of the rig components. Moreover, it also summarizes the work each department at the
rig is responsible to do.
RIG TYPE & ITS SYSTEMS
CCDC-30 is an onshore rig, which means it is located on Land. More commonly, it is known as a
rotary rig. Other types of rigs are known as offshore rigs that are located on a sea. The most
common arrangement for a land drilling rig is the derrick/mast which is assembled on the ground,
then raised to the vertical position using power from the drawworks (hoisting system). These
structures are made up of prefabricated sections which are fastened together by large pins. First,
the engine and derrick substructures are placed in proper position and pinned together by the
drilling crew, then the drawworks and engines are made operational. The derrick sections are
then laid out horizontally, pinned together, and the mast is raised as a unit by the drill line,
traveling block and drawworks. A working land rig is illustrated in the Figure 1-1.

SYSTEMS:
All rotary rigs have 5 main systems:
1. Power System
2. Hoisting System
3. Circulating System
4. Rotating System
5. Well Control System
Figure 1-1: Land Rig
POWER SYSTEM:
CCDC-30 is operating in a remote location where power supply is not available. Therefore, it has
a method of generating the electrical power which is used to operate the systems mentioned
above. The electrical power generators are driven by diesel powered internal combustion
engines (prime movers). Electricity is then supplied by Silicon Controlled Rectifier to DC electric
motors connected to the drawworks, Top drive system and mud pumps etc. (Figure 1-2). The rig
may have, depending on its size and capacity, up to 4 prime movers, delivering more than 3000
horsepower. Horsepower (hp) is an old, but still widely used, unit of power in the drilling industry.

Figure 1-2: Power System

HOISTING SYSTEM:
Hoisting System contains following components:
I. Derrick or Mast
II. Substructure
III. Travelling Block
IV. Drill Line
V. Crown Block
VI. Hook
VII. Drawworks
Derrick or Mast, and Substructure:
Whenever the drillstem is suspended by the traveling block and drill line,
the entire load rests on the derrick. The standard pyramid derrick (Figure 1-
3) is a structure with four supporting legs resting on a square base. In
comparison, a mast is much more slender and may be thought of as sitting
on one side of the rig floor or work space.
The derrick is erected on a substructure which supports the rig floor and
rotary table and provides work space for the equipment on the rig floor. The
derrick and its substructure support the weight of the drillstem at all times,
whenever it is suspended from the crown block or resting in the rotary table.
The height of the derrick does not affect its load-bearing capacity, but it is a
factor in the length of the sections of drillpipe that can be removed. The
drillstem must be removed from the borehole from time to time, and the
length of each drillpipe section to be removed is limited by the height of the
derrick. This is because the crown block must be sufficiently elevated above
the rig floor to permit the withdrawal and temporary storage in the derrick
of the drillstring when it is pulled from the borehole to change the bit or for
other reasons. Figure 1-3: Derrick