m
{COLUMN BY CHRISTIE ASCHWANDEW
here's long:held assumption that
cancer is a universally progressive
disease that will metastasize and kill
its victims unless its stopped early.
‘Since the is, “Early detection is your best protec
‘ton’ has been a mantra of the cancer-awareness com-
‘munity, spurring an insistence on frequent screenings
‘to.catch ever smaller abnormalities.
But finding cancer in the body doosrit imply a
death sentence. In fact new research shows that its
cell behavior is actually quite diverse. To oversimplify:
‘Cancer is born when acell harboring damaged DNA
rakes new cells instead of repairing itself or dying. At
that stage, some cancers rapidly invade tissues even
before they're discernible, But others grow so slowly
‘that they wont spread to different parts ofthe body
inalifetime. Some even regress on their own. "The
glands of the breast. the prostate, and the thyroid ean
allharbor alot of small cancers that are detectable
atautopsy but were not the cause of death’ says
Gilbert Welch, a cancer researcher at the Geise!
School of Medicine at Dartmouth,
‘The problem is, wee discovering too many cancers
that don't raquire action. Studies suggest that 22 to
‘54 percent of breast cancers found through routine
‘mammography (and 23 to “2 percent of prostate
cancers detected via prostate-specifc antigen, or
PSA, test) were not fated to become life-threatening.
Because its extremely dificult to distinguish between
aggressive cancers and harmless ones during thelr
early stages, we treat too many indolent cancers with
surgery radiation, or chemotherapy. Thats no trivial
‘matter when these procedures can cost women their
breasts or men thei sexual function, not to mention.
the psychological toll ofa diagnosis. And with the
cost of treating cancer in the US. projected to grow as,
Cancer screeningcando _
ore harm than good |
ausust 2014] NEXT
‘Subjective Measures
Christie Aschwan
fen so ectth
relent ofa 2013
Nasional asc
ttonof Sense
Writers word
OQ
Nw
“IN THE SCREENING PROCESS,
NONAGGRESSIVE CANCERS
WILL INEVITABLY TURN UP. THE
KEY IS NOT TO TREAT THOSE.”
such a8 29 percent from 2010 to2020, that’s potentially
billions of dollar for unnecessary action.
Let's drop the goal of finding more cancers and
realign the purpose of screening with its origina ob-
Jective:to save lives and reduce suffering, We should
aim instead to fin the right cancers—the potentially | |