bghJj

(br - ciueil - Jizghl)

nkiy - ulh ML
gF I - j

ghl nkghL FG gJiu

mogil UjglJ.

jehL muR
ytr ghl tHF
l btlglJ.
(gidF mW)

lhik xU ghtbra
lhik xU bgUFw

lhik kjjikaw bra

jehL ghl kW
fa gf fHf
f rhiy, brid - 600 006.
 jehL muR
Ua g - 2007
kWg - 2017

FG jiyt

Kidt uh. F. ehF

(jJiw jiyt - X khy f)
169, ju bjU, mah FoU
brid - 600 029.

nkyhthsf

Kidt bkh. Fznrfuis Kidt nfh. bgaz

KJfiy jHha jiyikaha (X)
bfhkugh brFj nkiyg 9A nky FoU
brkiy - 638 051 eife
<nuhL khtl brid - 600 061

Kidt Uk . ^t
jJiw
a njhg fa f
ntng, brid - 600 007

Maf

Kidt . nfhkehaf
yt jf. mt
KJfiy jHha jiyikahia
muR kf nkiyg muR nkiyg
thf uhrhkl
brid - 600 049 jir khtl

yt r. kfhf yt r. ey
jiyikaha KJfiy jHha
muR caiyg v. . X. V. siy f
nrfhu mzhef nkF
Uth% khtl brid - 600 101

iy: %.

ghlf jah : jehL muRfhf

g f aff, jehL.

60 . v. v. jh mlgLsJ.

Mbr Kiw mnlh

ii
 nja j
#d fz kd mehaf #a nA
ghuj gha jhjh
grhg J F#uhj kuhlh
uhl cfy gfh
a khry aKdh ffh
cry #y jufh
jt Rg ehnk #hnf
jg Rg M[ khnf
fhnA jt #a fhjh
#d fz kfs jhaf #a nA
ghuj gha jhjh
#a nA #a nA #a nA
#a #a #a #a nA !

- kfhf uuehj jhT.

ehL g - bghU
a jhna! kf g Jgfis fw na vyhUila
kdY M brwh.

Ubga grhig, Jit, Truij, kuhoaij,

uhlij, xrhit, tfhsij, cs s mila brwJ.

Ubga a, ka kiy bjhlf vbuhwJ;

aKid, fif MWf bdh xWwJ; a flyiyfsh
tzfgLwJ.

mit dUis ntLwd; fiH guwd.

ah g Jgfis fw jhna, cdF

bt! bt! bt!

iii
 njaghl

tnj khju;
[&#yh, [&gyh kya# jyh
[a ahkyh khju

[&u {naheh yj ah
y F[&j U js n[h

[&Ah, [&kJu gh
[&fjh, tujh, khju!
tnj khju !
tnj khju !
- g ru rhl

cWbkh

ah vdJ ehL. a midtU vdJ clwf.

vdJ ehil eh bgJ nenw. eho

gHbgUikfhf gKf ku wfhf eh bgUj milnw.
eho bgUikF jFJ sl vW ghLgLnt.

vDila bgnwh, Maf, vdF ta _njh

midtiu kng. vyhlK m kahij fhLnt.

vdJ ehoF v kfSF ciHl KidJ ng. mtf

eyK tsK bgWtnyjh vW k fhng.

iv
 nja xUikghL cWbkh

eho cik thit, xUikghil ng fhJ tYgLj

bragLnt vW cskhu eh cW TWnw.

xUnghJ tKiwia ehnl vW rka, bkh, tlhu Kjait

fhuzkhf vG ntWghLfSF rfSF Vida mua - bghUshjhu
FiwghLfSF mik beY mua mik tY W
fhng vW eh nkY cWanw.

jjh thJ

uhU flYLj yklij bfbyhGF

uhU tjdbkd fguj fl
bjfzK mwj uhle UehL
jfW iwEjY jjeW yfKnk !
myf thridngh midJyF gKw
vir fkzf UjbgU jHznf!
jHznf!
c sik w aJ
bra kwJ thJJnk!
thJJnk!
thJJnk!

- kndhka bg. Rjuis

v
 bghUslf
br gF

1. thJ : gf

(m) iw thJ * 1

(M) bkh thJ * 2

() ehL thJ * 3

2. bjhif f :

(m) weh}W * 15

(M) mfeh}W 20

() eiz 27

(<) FWbjhif 29

(c) IFW W 32

3. UFw

(m) breaj * 37
(M) bghiwilik 39

() milik * 41

(<) idg 43

4. bjhliy br :

(m) ygfhu 51

(M) fguhkhaz (ghl 3.5) * 58

() njght (ghl 14) * 67

(<) ghoa gR 75

vi
5. yaf

(m) uhruhr nrhHDyh 80

(M) Untfljjh 83

() kJiu fygf (ghl 1) * 85

(<) KTl gS 86

6. kWky ghlf :

(m) khiyfhy tUzid 91

(M) jfrhiy (ghl 1) * 94

() fhL 97

(<) fd (ghl 1) * 99
(c) kj nea 102

(C) ntiyfsy ntfns! 104

(v) Ff 106

7. tghL ghlf :

(m) tbgUkh 110

(M) Ukh 110

() juh 110

(<) mUf 111

(c) naR bgUkh 111

(C) ef ehaf 111

(*cLFlgl gFf kdghl gFia FF)

vii
 ciueil gF

gf

1. caj brbkh 120

- gkh fiyP

2. rkur 126

- U..fahz Rjudh

3. fij 132

- nguha. v. itahis

4. thif 138

- stHfdh

5. M jHU 145

- bkhPhW. njtneaghthz

6. f ya ea 151

- lhl. m. jguehj

7. kj thf 157

- lhl. K. tujuhrd

8. jehL fiybrtf 161

- jehL muR bjhbghU M Jiwd

viii
 fijnfhit
JizghlgF
gf
1. ghtz is 172
- Jikj

2. _fis L UJ 175
-tfz

3. ril 182
- b#afhj

4. nt 190
- uh# UZz

5. kf 197
-gh.braufhr

6. r 202
-eh ehl

7. X cyhr gaz 207

-tzjhr

8. xbthU fyh 212

-fjt

9. k 217
-mf

10. gFg 222

- j.eh. nrdhg

ix
x
 br gF
1. thJ
m. iw thJ *

xnw ba xnwah
gybt Wiu gyntah
mnw ba mnwah
Mnk ba Mnkah
nw ba nwah
csbj Wiu csnjah
enw e Fothif
ek bfndh iHgkh
- fg

ghl fguhkhaz jfhl fl thjhf mikJsJ.

tlbkh th Kt aa uhkhazij jG, j f nguur
fg aaJ fguhkhazkhF. fguh awgljh fguhkhaz vd
tHfgLwJ; MD jYF fg l bga uhkhtjhu vgjhF.

Ma F:
fg nrhH ehL UtG wjt. mt thj fhy ..12 M
whlhF. fgiu Ubtbz e rilag ts vgh MjJ
tjh. frfut vd nghwgLgt fg. f bgat fg,
fg L fLj fghL, UjbkD xgh ca fg,
vD bjhlf mtj bgUikia sFwd. rlnfhgujh, VbuGgJ,
iybaGgJ, Uif tHf, ruRt mjh Kjad fg aa ntW
fshF. fnHyt, xlTj, xsitah Kjnah fg fhy
thj yt bgUkf Mt.

mUbrhbghU
xnwba = xnw vW T; mnw ba = (d jikaJ)
mW vW T; Mnkba = (d adJ) vW T; e =
iwt; Fothif = (midJ bghUfSS) j thG thif;
eW = aFaJ; vndh iH = (gogl iwtid fLzJ)
filnjWtJ xnw eh braghyJ. w c beahfhJ.

ghtif : mW fbeoyo Ma Uj.

ghlyh, iwt cUtK, mUtK, mUUtK M vF
iwUF gubghU vgij, mgubghU Jiz bfhnl
mjid fhzKo vw cikia mgubghU vF vY CLU
F adJ vgij mayh. mgubghU eik j fUizah

1
ghJfhjh kLnk caKo. ehnk mJ ctJ vgJ ayhJ. vdnt
miwtid ru FtJ xW kLnk eh brajfJ vwthW.

yfz

thif - bjh bga; mkh - ailbrh

M. bkh thJ*
eQ sik gUt nyKj
ehit airjbkh - vf
fiz wJy fij s
fUnjh oirjbkh - vj
vzij TwF ehbdW Kt
Uj UJbkh - ntW
tz wbkh ff ja
tikbgh UJ bkh - mjdh
vf jHid tha tha
btwo thJtnk.
- m. tujeira is

F:
bkhthJ ghl njhukfy U. m. tujeira is aa
jHu Fwt vD UJ vLf bgwjhF. Fwt vgJ 96
tif yafS (ugjfS) xwhF.

jHu Fwt ghLil jiyt Rthkiy nfh bfhLs

KUfbgUkh Mth. cyh tU mtiu fL ika bfhgt jHu
vD jiyahth. jHidiana ghLil jiyah Fwt
gilJsh. jHu jnjhaUl gJ Kjad isaho kUF
ntis KUfbgUkh cyh tUwh. mtiu fL ika bfhl jHu,
UkzF mt irid bgW tu, J mDL tUUwh.
mbghGJ F TtU Fwt xU jHuia fL mt fhj
ifTLbkW F TWwh. thW mikJsJ jHu Fwt.

Ma F :
jHu Fwtia aat jhukfy U. m. tujeira is
Mth. mt 1-9-1877 mghrh is, tujh vghF kfdhf
njhdh. bjYif tlbkhia eF mjt. iuJ f ghLt
tyt. fuij j rf Ma vD w gl bgwt.
fnwhuh ytnuW vW wf bgwh. fuij j rf ektha
Kjah jiyik jf njhlh grf bgwh. jHnt ckhknfRtudh
tl nfL bfhljF zf, t jHu Fwtia adh.

2
miy fuij j rf bt Hh bghGJ Phahuof
jiyik munfdh. 11-7-1956 mW fGl vdh.

mUbrhbghU
eQ = oa, thj; ehitairj = Kj Kjyhf ngr brj;
fiz wJ = m fiz wJ; cyf = cyfelfis; irj
= bghUj brj; TwF = TWtjF; UJbkh = brbkh; tz = Xir,
rj ; wbkh = ntWbkh; tik - tsik.

ghtif : ghl (ehL w) J tifia rhjJ.

yfz
mirj, irj - bgaburf; cyf - lthFbga; UJbkh -
idbjhif; tha - anfh idKW; tha tha - mLF bjhl;
mothJt - ulh ntWik bjhif; thJt - jik gik
idKW.
. ehL thJ*
a ehoJ vDil ehnl
vW dd aij ghL
brhj yhjt tjt Ms
ljJ nghdJ khs
tjt nghdt ahiu e
thod fhyf Xod j
j dKj a ehL
vDil ehblw vzij TL.
- ehkf fP bt. uhkfdh.
F:
ehkf fP ghlf vD UJ ghl vLfgLsJ.
mY bjt Uky, j njky, fh ky, nja ky, rKjha ky,
bgnah fky, Ueh ky, Wfha ky, irky, miu ky, gRit
ky vD jiyf fP ghlf bjhFfgLsd.

fP rahuf bjhlf ghLtjbfd aa y ghlf

vDila ehL vD jiy nja ky l bgWssd. mghlfS
xnw ekF ghlkhf mikJs ghlyhF.

Ma F :
uhkfdh ehkf khtl nkhf} 19-10-1888 mW btfuhk
vghF mkakhSF vlhtJ kfdhf njhdh. KjY,
XafiyY tyt. mt wj Ljiy nghuhl uU Mth. c
rahuf gFbgwjh iw jlid milJsh. c
rahuf bjhlf teil ghlyhf ghLtjF fP aa
3
 f uj
j bkhW tUFJ
r a aij
e ahU nrU
vD ghl Ljiy nghuhl uf midtuhY czl
ghlbgw ff ghlyhF. fP ehL giw nghW tif khy
muR mtiu murit fPuhf, d jHf rl nkyit cWduhf
aJ wjJ. eLtzuR mtF gk UjJ nghaJ.
fP mtf 24-8-1972 yf thit jh.

mUbrhbghU
dd = ehnjhW; brhjyhjt = ehoF cikyhjt;
tjt = ntW ehoUJ tjt; ljJ = zaUjJ;
khs = rhf (yhJ nghf); thod = jsj; nrhw; Xod = kiwjd; vzij
TL = vzij bfh

ghtif: v fbeoyo Ma Uj.

yfz
dd - mLFbjhl; tjt, nghdt - idahyiz bgaf;
yhjt - vkiw idahyiz bga; ahiu - KWik.

g
I. Wdh:
1. fl thjhf mikj ghl l bgWs Y fsK ahit?

2. fg bgUikia RL bjhlfis TWf.

3. fg aa ntWf ahit?

4. jHu Fwt ghLil jiytD jiy aht?

5. jHu Fwt ah ntLnfhSF zf aw bgwJ?

6. jHu Fwt munfw g TWf.

7. ehkf fPiu khy muR, eLtzuR vthW bgUikgLd?

8. ehkf fP iw bryfhuz vd?

9. ehnlhW vjid ghLj ntL?

10. eh ljjh fjbjd?

11. eh thoajF fhuz vd?

12. d Kj eh vbtzij bfhs ntL?

4
II. bgUdh :
1. fg g F tiuf.

2. fg enw e Fothif vd aJ TWtj eaij sFf.

3. iwthJ ghlyh mayhF brfis TWf.

4. tujeira is g F tiuf.

5. tujeira is vfhuzfsh jHidia thJt vW

TWwh ?

6. ehkf fP g F tiuf.

7. a midtU vbtzij ifbfhs ntL? V?

III. yfz F tiuf :

thJt UJbkh tjt tha tha

dd mothJt ahiu tha

IV. gFgj cWyfz jUf :

mirj wJ cja tha thJt

V. J z jUf :
1. fUnjhoirJ, ehbdW, dd

2. xnw + v jid uL tifY zf.

VI. nfhol lfis Vw brhfsh uf :

1. fguhkhazF fgl bga ____________vgjhF.

2. fgiu Ubtbz e ____________vgh MjJ tjh.

3. tujeira is fuij j rf ektha Kjah

jiyik ____________grfbgwh.

4. tujeira is jHu Fwtia ___________ jiyik

munfdh.

5. ehkf fPUF eLtzuR ____________ UjJ wjJ.

5
VII. il njf :
1. fg fhy thj ytfS xUt

m) eu M) xl Tj ) snfhtof

2. xnw ba vD fl thJ ghl mikJs fhl

m) mnahah fhl M) Rju fhl ) j fhl

3. jHu Fwt ghLil jiyt

m) t M) Ukh ) KUf

VIII. bghUJf:
1. fP C

fg - nkhf}

tujeira is - Ubtbz e

bt. uhkfdh - njhukfy

- UtG

2. brh yfz F

mothJt - jik gik idKW

UJbkh - mLF bjhl

tha tha - ulh ntWik bjhif

thJt - idbjhif

- g bjhif

3. Ma

fg - ehkf fP ghlf

tujeirais - Ukiy KUf isj

uhkfdh - uhkhaz

- jHu Fwt

6
 z f
1. cW z
clgLbk
iybkh <bwGJ, tUbkh KjbyGJ
cbuGJfshU zf mU brhfS oirF.
clglhj mU brhfS nrirf ntLkh mtiw clgLj
bghUL afuK, tfuK clgL bkfshf tU.

fu, <fhu, Ifhu <W brhK afuK Vida cf K tfuK,

Vfhu K afuK tfuK Ma uL clgLbkfshf tU.
1. fu <W (+)
nr + M
ah
afu clgLbk nr ( + M) = nrah

2. <fhu <W (+<)

+ mij
a
afu clgLbk ( + m) ij = aij

+I
3. Ifhu <W ehit + mirj
a
afu clgLbk ehit (+m) irj = ehitairj

4. mfu <W +m
gy + vW
bt
tfu clgLbk g ( + v) W = gybtW

+M
Mfhu <W yh + x

bth
tfu clgLbk yh (+x) = yhbth

7
 +V
5. Vfhu <W xnw + v
ba
afu clgLbk xnw ( + v) = xnwba

bt
tfu clgLbk xnw (+v) = xnwbt

: < It a Vid

ct t VK Uik
ct clgL bkba whF

- e} 162

2. FaYfu z
m) iybkhW FaYfu cKj bkhnahL zUnghJ jh
CJ tj td bkia Wjh kL kiw. mtd
bkl tUbkh KjYs c "clnk ctJ xWtJ ang"
vD go nrJ zU.
( + c)
ct cFw bknlhL fUnjhL + irj
o
clnk ctJ xaJ fUnjh( + ) irj
fUnjhoirj

M) iybkh W FaYfu afu Kj bkhnahL zUnghJ fukhf

J zU.
fW + ahid
beonyhL c bjhl vD go fW + ahid
wfu xW uoaJ +c=
at ah fW + ahid
fahid

) y lf iybkh <W KWfuK FaYfu nghy jh CJ tj

bkia Wjh kiwJ zU.
ct cFw bknlhL +c
KW mW xnuht bry + mjh
t
bry ( + m) jh
brytjh

8
 :

ct cFw bk nlhL

at ah KWk bwhnuh t

- e} 164

2. iybkh < lfuij () wfuij () gWnfhlhf bfhLtU

beobwhl FWfuK, cbjhl FWfuK tUbkhnahL
zUnghJ jh CJ tU xWf uoJ zU, beobwhl
+c
lfu <W - nfhL + md

xW uojJ - nfhL + md

cFw bknlhoaJ - nfh + md

clnk c tJ xaJ - nfh ( + m) d = nfhld

+c
wfu <W - MW + fiu

xW uoaJ - MW + fiu

tbyGJ fJ - MWfiu

cbjhl

cbjhl + c

lfu <W - KuL + fhis

lfu uLj - KuL + fhis

tfJ - KuL fhis

+c
wfu <W - fW + kU

wfu uoaJ fW + kU - fWkU

beonyh L bjhl FWf ufS

lwbth uL ntWik fnt

- e} 183

9
 3. aghf dhD F cW
v.fh 1

+I

sik + gUt

iybkh W aghfnt cbuGjhf mikJsJ.

v.fh 2

+m

tz + wbkh

iybkh W kfubkahF. J tUbkhnahL zUnghJ

kbwhwJ vD dh bfL (tz + wbkh) cwhf
khWwJ. thW aghfnth, yfz fshnyh iybkh <
F cbuGJf f, r, j, g Kj bkhnahL zUnghJ bgUghY
mtbyGJf F zU.

aghf cW - sik + gUt = sik gUt

ah cW - tz +wbkh = tzwbkh

aD D w cK

frjg Fj thjd knd

- e} 165

4. gy y
1. gy vD brhK gy vD brhY y vD brhK y vD
brhY tJ zU nghJ

m) aghf zU

gy + gy = gygy

y + y = yy

M) tbyGJ F zU

gy + gy = gygy

y + y = yy

10
) iybkh WYs mfu bfl vF yfu wfukhf J
zU.
gy + gy
y + y
mfu VaJ g + gy
+ y

yfu wfukhaJ g + gy = ggy

+ y = y

2. gyy vD brhf K w brhf tJ z iybkhW

mfu bfL zU; bflhkY zU.

mfu bflhk zjJ gy + fiy = gyfiy

y + tis = ytis

mfu bfL zjJ gy + fiy = gfiy

y + tis = tis

gyy vDit jK jht

a fY mfu Vf

yfu wfu MfY wt

mfu fg MfY csw

- e} 170
5. irbga
1. HF, nkF, tlF, bjF Ma irbgaf K ntW irbgafnsh,
w brhfnsh tJ zU nghJ iybkh WYs
cbkbaGJ F mj mabyGjha ffu xW () zU.
v.fh. tlF + nkF = tlnkF
<W cbk, ffuK zjJ.
2. <W cbk a mLJ F wfu dfukhfnth, yfukhfnth J
zU.
v.fh: bjF + HF = bjHF
<W cbk wfu dfukhf jJ.
nkF + ehL = nkehL
<W cbk wfu yfukhf jJ.

11
 :
irbahL ir w nr
iyp Wbk fbthW fY
wfu dyth jY Mw
- e} 186
6. bga
iybkhahfs vD bgabrh K td Kjbkh tJ
zUbghGJ mtbyGJF dkhd bkbyGJ F zU.
tUbkh KjYs ffuF dkhd bkd F
+ bfho = bfho
:
bga Kd bkik njhW
- e} 200
bkik vD cikah tik njhW vgJ bgwgLwJ.
+ bro = bro
7. g bga
<W nghj ilfu ahj
M l moafu Iahj
jbdh ul Kw bkj
df ida g ang
- e} 136
m. <Wnghj
KJku
KJik + ku
<Wnghj KJ +ku KJku
M. ilfu ahj
bga
bgUik + m
<Wnghj bgU + m
ilfu ahj bg + m
afu clgLbk bgw bg ( + m) = bga
. Ml
nrto
brik + mo
<Wnghj br + mo

12
 Ml nr + mo
ida vwjdh kfu bfl J nr + mo
tfu clgLbkbgwJ nr + mo
cl nk ctJ xWtJ ang nr ( + m) o = nrto
<. moafu Iahj
igz
gRik + z
<Wnghj gR + z
moafu Iahj igR + z
iza vwjdh ilfu
rfunjhL bflJ ig + z
F t a, j I, beh, J, K
bk fYkh igz
c. jbdhul
gN
gRik + C
<Wnghj gR + C
<wa c bfl g + C
jbdhW ul g + C
clnk ctJ xWtJ ang g ( + C) = gN
C. Kw bkj
btd
btik + d
<Wnghj bt + d
Kw bk () j bt + d
btd
v. df
bgUfW
bgUik + fW
<Wnghj bgU + fW
tUbkh KjtbyGJdkhd
bkd Fj bgU + fW
bgUfW

13
 2. bjhif f
vLbjhif
ulhu MLfSF Kgl fhy rffhy vd
FfbgWwJ. rf fhy j njha fis rf yaf
vg. mit, gJghL, vLbjhif vd tifgLjgLsd. tiw
nkfzF f vd tHFt. vLbjhif f ytUJ ghlf
y ghlkhf mikfgLsd.

eiz, FWbjhif, IFWW, gWgJ, gghl, fbjhif,

mfeh}W, weh}W vgd vLbjhif fshF.

eiz ey FWbjhif IFW(W)

xj gWg(J) XF gghl
fwjh VJ fnah(L) mfw v(W)
wj vL bjhif

vD gHghl vLbjhif fis RLwJ. tW

gWgJ weh}W wbghU ga fshF. gghl
mfwghlfis bfhl . vait mfbghU fsh.

mfbghU ga fUJ gHj kf mfthif

Kiwid wbghU fUJ wthif Kiwid bjthf
fhzyh. nkY, rf fhy ghlf gy gHj yfzkha
bjhfhaF yafsh fwd.

rffhy ytf cSiw ctik, iw vD ya cfis

f wghf ifahLsd. it uil FbghU c vd
miHfyh.

btgilahf bj bghUnshL bjhU bghU ygLkhW

mikgJ cSiw cahF. cSiw ctik ctikia brhd ms
ctfgL bghU ygL; ctfgL bghU btgilahf uhJ.
ctfgL bghU bjt xj fUbghUshf Uj ntL. cns
kiwthf goJ lF F bghUis ctik Mwyh btgLJtjh
jid cSiw ctik vwd.

Twtj bghU btglhJ kiwthf Uf mjid czj ntbwhU

bghU btgilahf FkhW mikF ya cna iwahF. J
bjt fyhf cs fUbghUis tUF tUzid F bghUshf
mik jik bfhlJ.

14
 (m) weh}W*
F :

w + ehF + W = weh}W. iy wghL vd w vd

tHFt. bt, fuij, t, fh, beh, ciP, Jig, thif, ghlh,
bghJa, ifis, bgUiz Ma wizfSFa JiwbghUf
mikj 400 ghlfis bfhLsjh weh}W vW bga bgwJ.
fl thJ ghliy ghuj ghoa bgUnjtdh ghosh.
ghlf gntW fhy thj gntW ytfsh ghlglitahF.
iy bjhFjt, bjhFjt bgaf ilfiy.

Koila _ntjf, wurf, mikrf, nrid jiytf, uf,

filbaG tsf, filrf ytf vd gyUila tuyhW Ffis
mfhy kf thif Kiw Kjatiw yh eF mayh.
weh}f 11 wizfS 65 JiwfS vLjhsgLsd.
btehltuha mP ..ngh mtfSF j J gW
clhtjF fhuzkhf Uj fS weh}W xwhF. mtP
weh}W ghlf ytiw mtnghJ My bkhbgaJ
btLsh. jH caa tha jidfis fUykhf bfhL
sFtJ .
grh nu grh nu
faK sd eiuK iuf
ga _ grh nu
f Tgil fLw byhUt
F fhiy uF khnjh
eyJ brj yh uhD
myJ brj nyh dJjh
vyhU Ktg j
eyhW g^c bekh uJnt.
- ebt%c jiyah.
iz : bghJa

Jiw : bghUbkh fh

iz sf:
bt Kj ghlh Wahf bjhfhadh TW wizfS
Twglhj brfis, mizfSF bghJthd brfis TWtJ
bghJa izahF.

Jiw sf :
Jwauha bkznjh fl bghU Jbtd mj aig
czaJ. bghUbkh fh vD JiwahF.

15
 v yF rilKo Kt

J fl bghUbkh jW

- wbghU btghkhiy
Ma F :

ebt%c jiyahuh ghlgnlh nrukh fUnua xth

nfhbgUnruU bghiw Mth. t aa ghlf FWbjhifY
UtStkhiyY csd.

mUbrhbghU
grhnu = gyuha rhnwhnu; faK = K; iuf =
RUffSila fd; f = kGthj; Tgil = Ta Mj; fLw
= fLikahd tik; xUt = ak; F = fobfhL nghF; eyhW
= ebd; MuhD = ayhnjhuhD; be = t; X =
jJL .

ghtif : neir Magh.

yfz
faK - Mwh ntWik bjhif; iuf - idbjhif; Tgil,
fLw - gbjhiff, M - Kiy gik vkiw idKW.

M = MW + M+<

MW = gF; M - vkiw iliy zJ bflJ.

< - Kiy gik idKW F.

X - Vt gik idKW; g^c - iriwasbgil

(brirasbgil)

X = X +

X - gF

- Vt gik F.

g
I. Wdh:
1. vLbjhif f ahit?
2. weh}wh magL brf ahit?
3. bghJa izia sFf.

16
 4. bghUbkhfh vD Jiwia sFf.
5. ga _ rhnwh KJik njhwij TWf.
6. gayhj KJikilah vbghGJ uFt?
7. gayhj KJikilahl ebt%cjiyah ntLtd ahit?
II. bgUdh:
1. weh}W g F tiuf.
2. ebt%cjiyah gayhj KJikilahiu J TWtdtiw
vGJf.
3. lRo sFf:
eyJ brj yh uhD
myJ brj X
III. yfz F tiuf:
faK iuf Tgil g^c
IV. gFgj cWyfz jUf:
uF M X
V. J z jUf:
faK Tgil fLw
VI. il njf:
1. w, wghL vd tHf bgWtJ
m) mfeh}W M) gWgJ ) weh}W
2. weh} izf
m) IJ M) gbdhW ) gJ
3. jH tha jidfis fUykhf bfhL sF
m) mfeh}W M) IFWW ) weh}W
4. weh} FlgLs Jiwf
m) 11 M) 65 ) 75
VII. nfhol lfis Vw brhfsh uf:
1. rf f gHj yfzkha ________yafsh
fwd.
2. weh}WF fl thJ ghliy ____________ ghosh.
3. weh}W ghlf ytiw btehlP ____________ mtf
My bkhbgaJsh.

17
 z f
1. bkpW z
bkpKc

1. iybkh <Wbkl tUbkh KjYs c izJ L.

j + mid

j ( +m) id

jHid

clnk ct bjhWt ang

- e} 204

2. iybkh jFbwG Knd w xW c Kjbkhl

zUfhiy uL.

Kiy

jF K xW K

xW uoaJ K + iy

clnk c xaJ K ( +) iy

Kiy

jF Kbdh Wt uL

- e} 205

3. kfu<W

1. kfu <W brhf tUbkhnahL zUnghJ <W kfu bfL cwh

W, c Kj bkhnahL clgLbk bgW, td Kj bkhnahL
tbyGJ F zU.

ku + iy ku + iy = kuiy

ku + is ku + is = kuis

2. y lf td KjbkhnahL zU nghJ iybkhW kfu

tUbkh KjYs tdF dkhd bkdkhf J zU.

d + d = dd

18
3. kfu<W bkd, ild KjbkhnahL zU nghJ kfu bfL
aghf zU.

d + k = dk, ku + nt = kunt

k bwhw J bwhg

tik dkh g MF

- e} 219

zfu, dfu <W

ntWik z iybkhpW zfuK dfuK Kiwna td

Kj bkhnahL zUnghJ lfukhf wfukhf .

zfu lfukhj - k + fy = kfy

dfu wfukhj - bgh + Fl = bghFl

zdt d tu lw wt

a MF ntWik ft

fidJbk tD agh Fnk

- e} 209
yfu, sfu <W
1. ntWik z iybkhpW yfuK sfuK td Kj
bkhnahL zUnghJ yfu wfukhf ; sfu lfukhf .
yfu wfukhj - nt + fhis = ntfhis
sfu lfukhj - iuf + ga = iufga
2. iybkhpW yfuK sfuK bkd KjbkhnahL zUnghJ yfu
dfukhf ; sfu zfukhf .
yfu dfukhj - fa + K = faK
sfu zfukhj - mU + bkh = mUbkh
:
ysnt Wik wl mt
mtnwh Lw tt dhbk
nk dz ilt a
MF Ut ahDbkg
- e} 227

19
 dy KD zs KD jef

1. iybkh < dfunkh yfunkh W tUbkh Kj jfut mJ

wfukhf khW; efu t mJ dfukhf khW.

jfu wfukhj - bgh + J = bghJ

f + J = fJ

efu dfukhj - bgh + eW = bghdW

f + eW = fdW

2. iybkh < zfunkh sfunkh W tUbkh Kj jfut mJ

lfukhf, efu t mJ zfukhf khW.
jfu lfukhj - k + J = kOJ

K + J = KOJ

efu zfukhj - f + = f

K + eW = KzW

dyK wd zsK lz

MF jef M fhny

- e} 237

M. mfeh}W
mf + ehF + W = mfeh}W. 13 mo Wik 31 mo bgUik
bfhl mfbghU rhj eh}W mftghfsh bjhFfbgw bjhif
yhF. gntW fhyf yt gyuh awbgW, kJiu c FoHh
kfdh cUu rkuh bjhFfglJ. iy bjhFjt ghoa
cu bgUtGahth.

mfbghU f j gy UD mf vnw bga mikj

gHj ya J kLnkahF. YF beLbjhif vD bgaU
cL.

mfeh}W _W gFfshf csJ. Kj 120 ghLf, fWahid iu

vdgL. mLj 180 ghLf kil gts vdgL fil 100 ghLf
ynfhit vdgL.

1,3 vd xiwgil vfshf tUtd ghiy iz

ghlfshf, 2,8 vd tUtd F iz ghlfshf, 4,14 vd tUtd

20
Kiy iz ghlfshf 6,16 vd tUtd kUjiz ghlfshf
10,20 vd tUtd bej iz ghlfshf mikJ bjhFfgLsd.
kil gts cs Kiy iz ghl xW e ghlgF l
bgWsJ.

Kiy
girgL gir benjh jd
nra ida khiw gwit
gfYiw KJku yg ngh
Kifth wj eifth Kiy
fokf fJ eh bfhoir
tod jF jgj fhiy
tD thuh uhD MltF
Jbfh th njh badj
gj kiHf eyf tg
mUJa Uila mtbsd U
ghz tjd nj;
yh u tiuJ o
beLnj Ck tyt
KojW mkeh Ka idna.
- kJiu.... ksdh.

iz : Kiy

Jiw : id Ka jiykf njghfF brhaJ

Ma F:
ghliy aat kJiu...... ksdh Mth. mt bgaiu ju ntW
br ahJ bjaiy.

mUbrhbghU
gir = xL gir (<u); gir = njh; be njhjd = vbz
eidJ vLjJ nghw; khiw gwit = fa wFfisila btsth;
nrca = f caj; ida = isfisila; KJku = giHaku;
yg = jl; Kif = bkhL; Kifth wj = bkhlj; eifth
Kiy = xbghUa Kiy kyf; fokf = kzkf; fJ = Tj;
jgj = Fgj; kiHf = Fj f; eyf = ey cw; yh
= iy ugw; u = Fiu; tyt = njghfnd; Ka = fU tj;
id = bra; Ck = brYJthahf.

21
Ko:
njh! jgjfhiy e fhjy tD thuhuhD ML mtF
Jbfh vW T j f tg, mUJaUilah jiy, vW
ghz Jtjd. tyt! id KojW; nj iuJ Ck.

sf:
btsthyhdJ jh gf jUj kuij jna thlL
khiynyna J nghL. mJnghy jiyt jh ToUj iy L
J mjid tUjKw brjd. Kiy todij jidL
J bryhJ jLJbfhoUF fhyJ jiyahdt j fhjyid
Jsh. (khiy fhyJ jiyt tUifia vghJ jiy o
jJ JaUl MUwh. mjdh iuJ njiu brYJf vwh)

yfz
caid - idbjhif; iwgwit - ulh ntWik cU
gaD clbjhf bjhif; gfYiw - VHh ntWik bjhif; KJku - g
bjhif; fokf - cbrh bjhl; jgj, eyf, mUJa, beLnj -
gbjhiff, yh - ulh ntWik bjhif; tiuJ - xU
bghUgbkh; Ck - Kiy xUik idKW.

tjd = th+()++m+m

th - gF. t vd FWaJ fhu

- r. vd jJ fhu

- wjfhy iliy

m - rhia

m - Mgh idKW F

g
I. Wdh:
1. mfeh}W vjid gFfshf csJ? vGJf.

2. mfeh}W ghlf iz mik Kiwia sFf.

3. btsth njhwij TWf.

4. kzkf Tjiy nghy kzjJ vJ?

II. bgUdh:
1. mfeh}W g F tiuf.

2. idnkbrw jiytl Jtj ghz bjj br ahJ?

22
III. beLdh:
1. id Ka jiyt njghfF brhaij s tiuf.

2. mfeh}W ghlY mikJs ctik eafis ygLJf.

3. lRo sF:

beLnj Ck tyt

IV. yfz F tiuf:

caid iwgwit gfYiw KJku

fokf mUJa beLnj tiuJ.

V. gFgj cWyfz jUf:

wj th tjd o

VI. J z jUf:
gfYiw KJku tod MltF

mUJa.

VII. nfhol lfis Vw brhfsh uf:

1. mfeh}iw bjhFjt _____________ Mth.

2. mfeh}WF tHF ntW bga _____________ vgjhF.

3. mfeh}iw bjhFjt _____________ Mth.

VIII. il njf:
1. vLbjhif fS xW

m. FghL M. KiyghL . gghl

2. mfeh}W kil gts cs ghlf vif

m. 100 M. 120 . 180

3. mfeh}Wghf motiuaiw

m) 4 mo Kj 8 mo tiu M) 9 mo Kj 12 mo tiu

) 13 mo Kj 31 mo tiu.

23
 Iiz KjbghU
KjbghU
iz y bghGJ
WbghGJ bgUbghGJ
Fiz kiy kiy rhj ahk T, Kg
lK
Kiy iz fhL fhL rhj khiy fh
lK
ghiy iz btg Fj RuK egf nt, g
Ru rhj lK
kUj iz taY ta rhj itfiw fh, T,
lK
Kg, g,

snt,
KJnt
bej iz flY fl rhj vghL fh, T,
lK
Kg, g

snt
KJnt

bgUbghGJ vgJ xU Mo TWghL it MW tifgL.

fhy - f
1. fh - Mt, ulh
2. T - Ig, fhif
3. Kg - khf, ij
4. g - kh, gF
5. snt - iu, itfh
6. KJnt - M, Mo
xbthU bgUbghGJ uL f fhy msilaJ.
1. khiy - fut kiwj wF ubghG KgF
2. ahk - eu, ubghG eLgF
3. itfiw - fut njhWtjF K u bghG WgF
4. fhiy - fut njhajF gfbghG KgF; oafhy
5. egf - gfbghG eLgF
6. vghL - gfbghG WgF, fut kiww fhy

24
 ,

25
%

X
 iz, kiybe, tuF, rhik, brbe, D, c wh tg
cz _y Kiu btbzy bgWbghU brj bghU,
bfhisaoj
bghU

giw btahLgiw , VWnfh giw kzKHh, nfhgiw nghgiw

bjhlfgiw beyiz ehth gig Cbugiw, Jo

g F g Kiyg kUjg bej g ghiyg

(rhjh) (brt) (gRu)

ah F ah Kiy ah kUj ah s ah ghiy ah

njbdLj, tuF ijj, beyj oj iu ftj,

Hffj fis gj, fisgj c w Niwahl,

26
bjh btahl Miu nkj, flh Lj tg brj
idfhj FHj,
fhis jGt

Iiz cbghU

F iz zjY zj jK

Kiy iz UjY Uj jK

kUj iz ClY Cl jK

bej iz ufY uf jK

ghiy iz jY j jK
 . eiz
eik + iz = e + iz = eiz

vLbjhif fS Kjyhtjhf mikabgwJ eiz.

rffhy yt gyuh gntW fhy ghlbgw eh}W mftghf
bjhFghF. eiz cs ghf xgjo Wik gulo
bgUik bfhlit. mit mfbghUga ghlf vD mtW
wbghU brfS jHf tuyhW FfS lbgWsd. j fl
thJ ghliy ghoat ghuj ghoa bgUnjtdh Mth. bjhif iy
bjhFjt gdhL jj khw tG vD ghoa kd Mth.
ww jd zgL jlKj
Rwnfh ld Kiy jhiH
bgUfW kU md tUK
ekh DiH ntWgl njh
Hfs fkG cu nrg!
dk beLnj ghf af
bra nr ah tns
tUit aha dh
thHh shje fjid brnk.
- efizah

iz : bej

Jiw : J zJ a jiytid njh tiu flhaJ.

Jiw sf:
gfF jiyt jiyia rJ brwh. mbghGJ njh
jiytid neh, thW brthahdh L tUtjF jiy wJ
Lth. Mjyh mjF VwJ br vd tiu (kzbrJbfhtJ) njhw
TWtJ tiu flhjyhF.

Ma F:
ghl Ma efizah. t bgghyt Mth. `bgUnfh
ehf kf efiz' bad TwgLth. ciw iu ntkh
bta j vD nrhH kd kf nghuit nfhbgUe
Mth. mt j jijnahL gifJ bfhL ehoHJ, tWik y
TGL tUUjh. miyY M_ ky vghid ngh bt
bfhwh. mt uij fl efizah mturid jh kzJ
bfhs Uajhf mt ghoa weh}W 83, 84, 85 M ghlf _y mnwh.

mUbrhbghU
w = wh; wgw = wh w; Kj = (jhiH) mo; z =
rUriu (brhu brhu); jl = bgUik; Rw = Rwh; RwnfhL = Rwh

27
Kf Ls bfh nghw K; fW = Mahid; kU = jj; ciH =
bgkh; Hfs = Hh fGl; cu = tik; cu = tikila fl
; nrg = bej y jiytnd; dk = kf bjhF; af = brYj;
bra = brY bghUL; dh = yeh; brnk = brthahf.

fUJ: tis J brwh tUjtF t wJgLth. mjdh

fhyjhjhJ tis iuJ kzJ bfhf vgJ fUJ.

cSiw:
`mU K - ekhDiH ntWgl njh - HfsfkG
- vwJ jiy jiytJ bfhl fhj KJ, j RwjhlUJ
ntWgL jiytDl mt y yw fJ brid bgW
lh vgJ cSiw ctk. jdh jiyt jiyia iuJ kz brJ
bfhs aikahjJ vgJ Fgh czjgLwJ.

yfz
ww, Rw nfhL, fW kU - Mwh ntWik bjhiff;
Kiy - ulh ntWik cU gaD clbjhf bjhif; bgUfW,
ekh, beLnj - gbjhiff; bra brhirasbgil; nrg -
mik .

g
I. Wdh :
1. tiu flhj vwh vd?
2. jhiH iy njhwij TWf.
3. jhiH mUF Twgl ctikia RLf.
4. nrgDF njh mWa br ahJ?
II. bgUdh:
1. eiz - F tiuf
2. efizah g F tiuf.
3. jiyia rJ brY jiytl njh tiu flhathiw
sFf.
4. `mU K ekhDiH ntWgl njh - Hfs fkG -
jf mikj cSiwia RLf.
5. lRo sFf.
thHhshj efjid brnk
III. yfz F tiuf:
fW kU Kiy bgUfW

beLnj bra

28
IV. gFgj cWyfz jUf:
njh af tUit

thHh mjid

V. J z jUf:
bgUfW Kiy khDiH dh

VI. il njf
1. eizia bjhFjt

m) Ma gil flj ghoa beLbra

M) xiy jj jghoa

) gdhL jj ghoa khwtG

2. eiz ghf mo tiuaiw

m) 4 moKj 8 motiu

M) 9 moKj 12 mo tiu

) 13 mo Kj 31 mo tiu

<. FWbjhif
FWik + bjhif = FWbjhif. ~J vLbjhif fS xW.
ehfo Wik vlo bgUik cila Maghfsh Ma . ~J
mfiz ganjah. fl thJ ghliy ghoat ghuj ghoa
bgUnjtdh Mth. j f eh}uL ghlf csd.
ahU iy jhnd ft
jhdJ bgh ahbdt brnfh
idjh sd WgR fhy
xGF uhu ghF
FUF KLjh kzj Phnw
- fy
iz : F
Jiw : tiu ojlJ jiykf njhF brhaJ.

sf:
jiyt beLfhy jiyia Ukz brJ bfhshk fhyjhj
mjdh tUa jiy jiyt fUizbfhL vid Ukz brJ
bfhlhy vdF cjahf rhW TWth ntW xUtU y vW
njhl TaJ.

29
Ma F:
fy gho ehoYs Uthjny mjz ku wjt. filrf
ytf guz, ilfhl, xsit Mnahl e lt. filbaG
tsfS xUtdha ghia c njhHdhf bfhlt. gh mitfs
ytuhf sat. F iz ghlf ghLt tyt. fyuJ
ghL vD bjhlnu t ghL wDF rhwhF.

fyiu thbkh fy vW euU, eir fy vW

bgUF HhU btWj nf sF f fy vW bghU
sudhU, ydGfw mjzhs bghah eh fy vd khnwhfJ
egriyahU fJsd.

mUbrhbghU
jhnd = jiyt xUtnd (Ujd) jh mJ bgh = mJ vwJ
jiyt jiyl Ta NSiuia FF. (eh cid akhnl.
jh MUfkhnl, iu cid kzbrJ bfhnt vgd
nghwit jiyt Ta NSiuahF) fhy = fhfisila; xGF = XLw
; Mu = Mu; ghF TJ nehF; FUF = ehiu.

jiyt kzj PhW ahUiy: jhnd; jh mJ bgh vt

brnt! FUF cL vd Kof.

w mahjthW tJ j eyij ftJ bfhL brwtdhj

jiytid jiy ft vW FLwh.

jiyt NSiu TabghGJ mjF rhwhth xUtU y. rh

TWtjF ayhj ehiu kLnk UjJ. mJ j czthd Mu
tUifiana TJ nehUjJ. eh vbrnt vW jiy tU
TWwh.

fUJ :
jiyt kzjbghGJ mjid fL rh TWth xUtUy. mt
xUtnd rh. mt mij iybaW kW vdh vJ bra ayhJ.
mTlij bkf ntW vj rhaK iy. mt D kzJ
bfhshk cshnd vW jiy njhl tU TWwh.

yfz
ahU - KWik; jhnd - Vfhu, iy, brnfh - Xfhu, miriy;
gRfhy - gbjhif; xGF - idbjhif; FUF - wik,
Phnw Vfhu miriy.

30
 g
I. Wdh:

1. fy ah ahl e oUjh?

2. fyiu yt bgUkf vd ghuhosd?

3. jhdJ bgh - `mJ vgJ vjid?

4. jiytid jiy V ft vW FLwh?

5. jiyt jiyia kzjbghGJ rhwh UjJ vJ? mJ

gaglhjthW ahd?

II. bgUdh.

1. fy g F tiuf.

2. jiyt tiu ojlJ jiykf njhF brhaij sFf.

3. lRo sFf:

FUFKL jh kzj Phnw

III. yfz F tiuf:

ahU gRfhy xGF FUF

IV. gFgj cWyfz jUf:

kzj

V. J z jUf:

ahUiy ahbdt FUFKL

VI. nfhol lfis Vw brhfsh uf:

1. fy gho ehoYs ________ wjh.

2. fy ________ kd mitfs ytuhf sdh.

3. fy ghL wDF ________ vD bjhlnu rhwhF.

4. fy ________ izghlf ghLt tyt.

VII. il njf:

1. fyiu thbkh fy vW nghat

m) eu M) bgUF Hh ) khnwhfJ egriyah

2. FWbjhifF fl thJ ghoat

m) bgUnjtdh M) tujUth ) fy.

31
 c. IFW W
IJ + FWik + W = IFWW

_wo Wik Mwo bgUik bfhl mftghfsh

bjhFfbgw mfbghU yhF. iz xwF W ghlfshf IJ
izfSF IW ghlf csd. mtW F izghlfis
fyU Kiy iz ghlfis ngadhU kUj iz ghlfis Xu
nghahU bej iz ghlfis m_tdhU ghiyiz ghlfis
XjyhijahU ghosd. bria
kUjnkh ungh bej y_t
fUJ F fy - fUa
ghiynahj yhij gKiy ngand
iynah ijFW W
vD ghl czJwJ. IFW fl thJ ghliy
ghuj ghoa bgUnjtdhnu ash. iy bjhFjt yJiw Ka
Tl Hh. bjhFjt nru kd ahid fnr khju nruUbghiw
Mth.

xbthU izY cs W ghlfS gJ gJ ghlfshf

jj jiyf gFjikf gLsd. e ghl gF br
ghiy iz kWju gJ vD jiy mikJs gJ
ghlfS xwhF.

kWju gJ
kWju gJ vgJ cl nghF fa jiytD jiy L
tUjf fG Tiw ghL bghUshf bfhl gJghlf bjhF
vgjh.
kW WfU fhif
mil ku isnah lhu
gN bgj igz t
bghyid fy wUFbt khnjh
btd wnt fhisbah
l nyhia tufiu nk.
- Xjyhijah

iz : ghiy

Jiw : ewh TW

J cl ngha jiykf LtUj bghUL jh fhfF

guhfl ciujJ.

32
Jiw sf:
jiy jiytbdhL clnghF brWlij mj d, jiy
J ngu bfhl ewh j kf j fztbdhL L j ynf
tUj ntL vW, mthW U tjh mtfSF Ukz
brJ fFu fhz ntL vW Uwh. mjdh jiytD
jiy U tUkhW ejkhf (rFdkhf) fiugo fhifia
uJ ntLwh. mthW fiujh fhifF gfl bfhLgjhf
TWwh. thW jh ntoait iwntWkhdh dJ gilng vW
flsiunah, wtiwnah ntonfhl guhfl ciuj vg. fhif
fiujh Udnuh, cwdnuh oF tUt vgJ e kfilna cs
eifahF.

Ma F;
Mijah vgJ t abga. Xj vD Cduhj
Xjyhijah vW miHfgld. Xj nkiy flfiu gF
Fleho csJ. t ghLf bgUghyhd ghiy iz ghlfshF.
Mij vgJ Mj jij vgj k%c bkhahF.

mUbrhbghU
kW = Fw; = wF; ku = Kiwik; (mnyh = m+y+X) mHjha
ytha Tj (cila jiy); X = Tj) is = Rw; gN = (gRik + C)
ga C; C - jir; igz = (gRik + z) ga bfhG; t = cz;
bghy = bgh; fy = ghu; w = tik; fhis = jiyt.

iw bghU:
mil ku isnahlhu t jUFbt

vD bghUF wnj, jiytD jiy L

t eh mtfSF v yf

Ukz Hh vLJ v mFa RwjhUl

kUng vW ewh TWtjhf

iw bghU njhW.

yfz
fUfhif, gN, igz, btd - gbjhiff; bghyid -
_wh ntWik bjhif; idfy - idbjhif; jUFbt - jik xUik
idKW; ntfhis - ulh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif;
fhis - ctikahFbga; mnyhia tu - gbjhif wJ wj
mbkh bjhif.

33
jUFbt jh + F + + v

jh - gF. jU vwhdJ fhu

F - rhia

- vfhy iliy

v - jik xUik idKW F.

g
I. Wdh:

1. kWju gJ - bghU sf jUf.

2. ewh fhifF vthW gfl bfhLgjhf Tdh?

3. mil ku isnahlhu t jUFbt

jf mikJs iw bghUis RLf.

II. bgUdh:
1. guhfl ciuj - sFf.

2. ewh fhifF guh fl ciujthiw ygLJf.

3. lRo sFf.

mnyhia tu fiunk

III. yfz F tiuf:

gN igz btd idfy

ntfhis fhis mnyhia tu

IV. gFgj cWyfz jUf:

bgj jUFbt

V. J z jUf:

mil gN igz btd

VI. nfhol lfis Vw brhfsh uf:

1. IFW iw bjhFjt ___________ Mth.

2. IFW iw bjhFjt ___________ Mth.

34
VII. bghUJf:

1. iz y

F - taY ta rhj lK

Kiy - flY fl rhj lK

kUj - RuK Rurhj lK

bej - kiy kiy rhj lK

- fhL fhL rhj lK

2. iz ghonah

F - Xu nghah

Kiy - m_tdh

kUj - Xjyhijah

bej - fy

- ngadh

3. brh - yfzF

Kiy - ctik bjhif

xGF - gbjhif

ekh - mbkh bjhif

mnyhia tu - ulh ntWik cU

gaD cl bjhf bjhif

- id bjhif

35
 3. UFw
UFw - (U + Fw) wj Fw btghfdh Ma Mj
bga bgwJ. Fw - ulo btgh, U - w milbkh. Fw vgJ
Fwghit czjhk mghfsh Ma iy czJtjh MFbga.
UFw vgJ milaLj MFbga MF. J j tHF gbd
fzF fS xW. mwJgh, bghUgh, fhkJgh vd _W
bgUfis bfhlJ.

mwJgh : ghua, ywa, Jwtwa, Ca vd

gFfbgW 38 mfhufis

bghUgh : mua, mfa, xa vd gFfbgW 70

mfhufis

fhkJgh : fsa, fa vd gFfbgW 25 mfhufis

bfhoyFwJ.

UFw cyf bghJ: mwya; jH Ukiw. kj th

nkikfis, tha befis kj ehff w ehLf njhW
Kdnu tFJ fhoa . My, y, nuf Kjyhd cyf
bkhf gytY bkhbgaf bgWsJ. cynfh U
goF jyhf sFwJ. MY ntY, gYFW; ehY uL
brhYFW, gHF j brhyUik ehuo vD gHbkhf j
bgUikia sFtdthF. tW eh vgJ ehyoahiu, uL vgJ
UFwis FF.

bgUikia, UtStkhiy eF sFwJ.

vW yuh ahzeh brYD

wyJ njW ikajh - Fwhj

brj fgf bjt Ukyngh

kyt tStth brh

- iwadh.

vD UtStkhiyYs br UFw mah jikia

giwrhWwJ. njhaikah jehL fbgwJ vgij tSt
jid cyDnf jJ thf bfhl jehL vwh ghuah.
tStid bgwjh bgwnj f itafnk vd ghujhrD fJ
Tsh.

UFwSF jUk, kzFlt, jhkj, er, g, gnkyHf,

Ukiya, ky, fbgUkh, fhf Ma gk Kdnu ciu
vGsd. mtW gnkyHf ciuna wjJ vd fnwh ft.

36
 Kgh, bghahbkh, thiwthJ, cjuntj, bjt, UtSt,
jkiw, bghJkiw, UtStga, bghUSiu, KJbkh vd UFwSF
ntW gy bgafS tHFwd.

UFwis aa UtSt cikahd tuyhW ekF

ilyJ. xbthU rkajtU UtStiu jj rkaij nrjtbuW
fJ TWksF, UFw lkwJ. iw nfhgho bghJthd
beia UFw fhLwJ. tUila fhy .K.31 vd bfhL
UtStuhL fzlgL tUwJ. (UtSt fhy ..ulh
whL vd TWth gy cs) UtStiu ehadh, njt, Kjghty,
bjtyt, ehKfdh, khjhDg, brehnghjh, bgUehty, bgh yt
vd gy bgafsh ghuhLwd.

1. breaj*
brahk brj cjF itafK 1
thdfK Mw mJ.

fhy dhbrj e bjD 2

Phy khz bgJ.

gafh brj cj ea 3
eik fl bgJ.

idJiz e brD gidJizah 4

bfht gabj th.

cj tiuj Wj cj 5
braglh rh tiuJ.

kwtf khrwh nfik Jwtf 6

JgJ Jghah e.

vGik vGw cSt jf 7

Gk Jiljt e.

e kwgJ ewW ewy 8

jnw kwgJ eW.

bfhwd dh brD mtbrj 9

xWe Ws bfL.

ve bfhwhF clh ciy 10

bre bfhw kfF.

37
 mUbrhbghU
breaj : (jdF wbrj eikia kwthik)

Fw 1,2,3 it _W ghlhY Kiwna fhuz brjc,

fhydh brjc, gafhuh brjc Ma eF
gadha ms iy vgJ TwbgwJ.

Fw 4, 5 it uL ghlhY _W myhj cj khuK

mthF brjt bgjh vgJ TwglJ.

Fw 6,7 it uL ghlhY e brjhuJ e lyhfhJ vgJ

TwglJ.

Fw 8 kwgJ kwthjJ tFJ TwglJ.

Fw 9 ewyJ mnw kwF w TwglJ.

Fw 10 bre nfhw bfhLik TwglJ.

1. itaf = kQyf; thdf = Qyf; MwyJ = xjyJ; <lhfh;

2. Phy = yyf; e = eik; cj; khzbgJ = fbgJ

3. fh = Muhjyuh, (ga nehfh) ea = cjaha <uKilik;

= Muh.

4. id = f a ms; (id = a msdjha jha tif; gid = xU

ngus.

5. tiuJ = msitilaJ; rh = iwg; jF.

6. khrwh = Fwkwt; nfik = e.

7. cSt = idg; Gk = Jg; Jiljt = dt.

8. eW = eik (mw) MF; ewW = mwkhfhJ.

9. dh = Ff; cs = idf; bfL = iyahF (bfL)

10. e = mw; c = F th (uhaj); bfhw = ijj.

yfz
1. brahk - vkiw idbar; brj - wjfhy bgabur; itafK
thdfK - vQik; itaf - F fhuzbga; mJ - xwgh
F idKW.

2. fhydh - cU kaf; bgJ - xwgh F idKW. Phy -

'' Ijh ntWik cU cw bghU tJsJ.

3. fh - Kbwr; - vfhy idbar.

38
4. br - idbar; bjth - idahyiz bga; gidJizah -
'M' Mf vgj bjhFj; rh - gbga;

5. tiuJ - xwgh F idKW; cj tiuJ - F bga; rh

tiuJ - m~iz xwgh F idKW. cj vw brh xnu
bghU mLjLJ tjjdh brhbghUtUiya

6. kwtf, Jwtf - vkiw anfh id KWf.

7. vGw - KWik; Jiljt - idahyiz bga.

8. e kwgJ - ulh ntWik bjhif; kwgJ - bjhbga (kwj

vD bghU jUtjh).

9. cs - idbar; bfL - br vD thghL idKW. brD -

c w.

10. bfhwh -idahyiz bga; bfhw -bgabur.

2. bghiwilik
mfthiu jhF ynghy jik 1
fth bghWj jiy.

bghWj wid baW mjid

kwj yjD eW. 2

ik ik Ubjhuh tik 3
tik klth bghiw.

iwilik fhik nto bghiwilik 4

ngh bahGf gL.

xWjhiu bahwhf itahnu itg 5

bghWjhiu bghngh bghJ.

xWjh bfhUehis g bghWjhF 6

bghW Jiz f.

wdy jw brD nehbeh 7

jwdy brahik eW.

Fah fit brjhiu jhj 8

jFah btW l.

39
 Jwjh ik ila wjhth 9
dhbrh neh gt.

czhJ nehgh bga wbrhY 10

dhbrh ndhgh
mUbrhbghU
bghiwilik: VnjD xU fhuzdhnyh klikahnyh xUt jkF
if brjt jhK mjid mtf brahJ bghWJ bfhSj.

Fw 1, 2, 3, 4 it ehF ghlhY bghiwilikaJ w TwglJ.

Fw 5, 6, 7, 8 it ehF ghlhY w brjd bghWj brhyglJ.

Fw 9, 10 it uL ghlhY w iff brhad bghWj

TwglJ.

1. mfthiu = njhLgtiu; jhF = bghWJ bfhS; fth =

mtkgh; bghWj = kj; jiy = wj mwkhF.

2. bghWj = kf; wid = w brj mtkig

3. ik = tWik; xuh = Fj; tik = tik; klth = mf; bghiw =

bghWj; UJ = auh tjt.

4. iw = rh; fhik = yfhik; (beLfhy wiy)

5. xWjhiu = jojtiu; xwhf = xU bghUshf; bghJ itg =

illhJ kdJ bfht.

6. bghW = m; bghWJiz = mks

7. wdy = brajfhj, bfhoatiw; nehbehJ = JgF tU;

8. Fah = kd brUfh; fit = Ff; jFah = bghWikah;

l - Lf.

9. Jwjh = gwwt nghy; wjh = beia fljtuJ; dh = a;

nehgt = bghWgt.
10. czhJ = czit jJ; nehgh = (cw nehia) bghWgt.
yfz
1. mfth, fth - idahyiz bgaf; bghWj - bjhbga;
Fwgh ctika mikJsJ.
2. kwj - bjhbga; bghWj - m <W anfh idKW; eW -
F idKW.

3. UJ - gghFbga; xuh, bghiw - bjhbgaf; Fwgh

vLJfhL ctika mikJsJ.

40
4. fhik - vkiw bjhbga; ngh - idbar; xGfgL - br
vD thghL idKW.
5. xWjh - idahyiz bga; bghJ - idbar; itah - vkiw
gygh idKW.
6. bghWjh - idahyiz bga; bghW - bgabur.
7. jw - VHh ntWik bjhif; brD - w cik; behJ -
idbar; mw - <Wngh.
8. brjhiu - idahyiz bga; l - m <W anfh idKW.
9. Jwjh - idahyiz bga; dh brh - <Wbfl vkiw
bgabur; nehgt - idahyiz bga.
10. czhJ - vkiw idbar.
3. milik*
mtw fhF fU brWthF 1
csf yhfhmu.

brw ljh brylh bjh 2

egh Yg j.

vbghU ahahth nfD mbghU 3
bkbghU fhg j.

vbghUs thf brybrh jhwth 4

EbghU fhg j.

cyf ja bjhg kyjY 5

TgY y j.

vt Jiwt Jyf Kyfnjh 6

lt Jiwt j.

milah Mt jth myh 7

m~j fyh jt.

mRt jrhik ngijik mRt 8

jr mth bjh.

vujh fhF mdh iy 9

mu tUtnjh neh.

milah vyh Kilah myh 10

vDila nuD y.

41
 mUbrhbghU

milik: (f nffdha mnthL cik miladhj)

Fw 1 jdh m w TwglJ.

Fw 2,3,4,5,6 itJ ghlhY m yfz TwglJ.

Fw 7,8 uL ghlhY milahuJ yfz TwglJ.

Fw 9 jdh milahF Jg ik TwglJ.

Fw 10 jdh milahuJ cilik VidahuJ ik

Twgld.

1. mw = m; W; brWthF = giftF; mu = nfhil.

2. x = ; cgJ = brYJtJ; lh - lhk.

3. bkbghU = cikbghU; fhgJ = (fhQj) fhztyJ m.

4. vbghUsthf = vabghU MkhW; EbghU = Egkhd bghU; bry

brh = kdbfhs brh.

5. jaJ = eghFtJ; xg = milik; Tg = Fj, Kf thLj;

kyj = j, Kf kyj.

6. ciwtJ = xGFtJ.

7. MtJ - d tuToaJ; mfyhjt - makhlhjh.

8. ngijik = mik; mth = milat; mr = v ghJ

mjid brahJ Lj. bra gagLj (xwid bra gagLjiy
mr vg).

9. vuJ = vfhy neuToaJ; mu = eLFgo; neh = Jg,

10. vDilanuD = vyh cilauhD; y = yhjt;

yfz

1. mw - bjhbga; mfyhfh - <Wbfl vkiw bgabur.

2. x - brhir msbgil; cgJ - idahyiz bga; brw ljh

- cU kaf (VH cU f ntoa l _w cU wJ).
3. ah ah - mLFbjhl.
4. vbghU, EbghU - gbjhiff; bry - idbar.

5. j - brhirasbgil; kyj, Tg - bjhbgaf; kyjY TgY

- vQik

6. vtJiwtJ - idahyiz bga; mtJiwtJ - bjhbga.

42
7. mfyhjt - idahyiz bga.

8. mRtJ - idahyiz bga; mrhik - vkiw bjhbga; mr

- bjhbga; mthbjh - Mwh ntWikbjhif.

9. mu - idbar.

10. cilah, y - F idKWf;

4. idg
idg vg bjhUt kdg 1
kiwa vyh w.

Cbwhuh cw xfhik uo 2
Mbwg Mjt nfh.

fil bfhf brjf jhik ilbfh 3

vwh Gk jU.

brhYj ahF va math 4

brha tz bra.

bw khlh idg ntjf 5

Cbw cs gL.

va vah bfJg vah 6

a Mf bg.

cUf blshik ntL cUbgUnj 7

frh adh cilJ.

fyfhJ fl idf JsfhJ 8

f foJ bra.

Jg cwtD brf Jth 9

g gaF id.

vidg bka fQ idg 10

ntlhiu ntlh JyF.

43
 mUbrhbghU
idg : mwK fG gaF a id KoghDF ntLtjh
kdik

Fw 1 jdh idgkhtJ dJ vgJ TwglJ.

Fw 2, 3 it uL ghlhY mjdJ gF TwglJ.

Fw 4 jdh mj mUik TwglJ.

Fw 5 jdh mj w TwglJ.

Fw 6 jdh m~Jilah vJ ga TwglJ.

Fw 7 jdh mtiu mkhW TwglJ.

Fw 8,9 ituL ghlhY mt id brkhW TwglJ.

Fw 10 jdh idgyjhuJ TwglJ.

1. g = tik; kwit = xjit; w = ikbaW brhyglh;

idg - bra brtjfhd kdtik;

2. CW = gGJgL id; xuh = brahik; xfhik = jsuhik; MW = be; nfh

= J;

3. fil = W; bfhf = ygLgo; vwh = fhj; Gk = Jg;

ilbfh = ilna btgLkh;

4. bra = brj;

5. W = w; v = bgW; khlh = khikgl mikr; csgL = eF

kfgL; CW v = ey isit vJ jyh.

6. va = vzglit; vJg = milt; a = ta;

7. cUfL = to Wik neh; vshik = fHhUj;

8. fyfhJ = kdbjJ; flid = Jj idlJ; JsfhJ =

nrhg; f = oj; fJ = xJ; bra = brf.

9. cwt = FJ tUkhD; Jth = Jit beahf bfhL; brf

= brantL; gaF = clhF.

10. ntlhiu = bfhshj mikriu; ntlhJ = UghJ; cyF ntlhJ =

canjh eF kah.

44
 yfz
idg - ehfh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif; VHh
ntWik bjhif.

1. kdg - MwhntWik bjhif; w - gygh idKwh

tJsJ.

2. Mjt - idahyiz bga; xuh, xfhik - bjhbgaf; nfh -

Kjiy j bjhbga.

3. vwh - <Wbfl vkiw bgabur; bfhf - brabtbdr (bfhF -

gF)

4. brhYj - bjhbga; ahF - KWik; va - F idKW; bra

- bjhbga; brha = bgabur.

5. v - idbar; khlh - idahyiz bga; csgL - br

vD thghL idKW.

6. va - idahyiz bga; vJg - gygh idKW; vahF =

vathF vgj bjhFj fhu;

7. fL - idbar; vshik - bjhbga; cilJ - F idKW;

bgUnj - gbjhif;

8. fyfhJ, JsfhJ, foJ - idbarf; f - bjh bga.

9. brf - anfh idKW.

10. ntlhiu - idahyiz bga; cyF - lthFbga.

g
I. Wdh:
1. UFwSF tHF ntWbgaf ytiw vGJf.
2. UtStUF tHF ntW bgaf ytiw TWf.
3. UtSt fhy FJ vGJf.
4. itafK thdfK xghfh - vjF?
5. y cyfij l fbgaJ vJ?
6. fl bgaJ vJ?
7. kwtf vd Jwtf vd UtSt vtiw FLwh?
8. bre kwj bfhLikia TWf.
9. vjid kwj vjD eW?
10. tik tik vJ?

45
 11. xWjhU bghWjhU vJtd ahit?
12. ahiu bghiwah btYj ntL?
13. m wig vGJf.
14. milah, myh aid RLf.
15. eLf tU Jg ahUiy?
16. vyh cilat, xWyhjt - ah ah?
17. idg vgJ ahJ?
18. Mjt nfh - ahJ?
19. vwh Gk jUtJ vJ?
20. va ma Mtd ahit?
21. vahF vJth aht?
22. cUfL vshik ntL - V?
23. cyF ahiu kahJ?
II. bgUdh:
1. UFw FJ FbgGJf.
2. UtSt g mjtiw vGJf.
3. e brjhuJ eid lyhfhJ - V?
4. bghiwilik wid UtSt tW sFf.
5. xWjh, bghWjh FJ Fw TWtd ahit?
6. wTW dh brhiy bghWgt vjifat?
7. m yfzij vGJf.
8. milah yfzfshf tSt Tadtiw vGJf.
9. id g w, m~Jilah vJ gaD FJ vGJf?
10. idg wig UtSt vd fhosh?
III. beLdh:
1. breaj g tSt Ts fUJfis bjhFJ vGJf.
2. bghiwilik vD mfhu btgLJ fUJfis bjhFJ
vGJf.
3. milik vD mfhu bjf bgWs fUJfis
bjhFJ vGJf.
4. idg vD jiy UtSt Tsd ahit?

46
IV. yfz F tiuf:

itafK thdfK jhF j efhik

fhydh UJ vbghU nfh

vGw ngh vuJ ahF

dh mw vJg bfL

mfyhjt mw brf kwtf

fh xuh X kdg

V. gFgj cWyfz jUf:

brj bghWj cgJ cw

bfht fhik fhgJ brha

kwtf ngh cilah khlh

Jwtf itg ciwtJ v

cSt btW vJt bfhw

l brf

VI. J z jUf:

khrwh iwilik GkjU

ewW vbghU bw

mwdy myh bgUnj

Ubjhuh idg

VII. il njf:

1. Fwgh vgJ

m) ehyo btgh M) _to btgh ) <uobtgh

2. mwJgh cs mfhuf vif

m) 70 M) 38 ) 25

3. UFw mikJs af

m) 4 M) 9 ) 30 <) 10

4. bfhlhlbgW UtStuhogo mt thj fhy

m) .K.31 M) ..31 ) .K.18 <) .. 190

47
 5. bghUgh af

m) ghu, ywa, Jwtwa, Ca

M) mua, mfa, xa

) fsa, fa

6. UFw bgUikia czJtJ

m) gHbkh M) UtStkhiy ) ehyoah

7. tStid bgwjh bgwnj f itafnk vdghoat

m) ghujhr M) fk ) ghuah

VIII. nfhol lf Vw brhfis mikJ vGJf:

1. fhy dhbrj __________________ bjD

__________________ khzbgJ.

2. vGik __________________ cSt jf

Gk Jiljt __________________

3. xWjhiu bahwhf itahnu __________________

bghWjhiu __________________ bghJ.

4. czhJ __________________ bga wbrhY

__________________ ndhgh

5. vbghU __________________ nfD mbghU

__________________ fhg j.

6. mRt jrhik __________________ mRt

jr mth __________________

7. brhYj ahF va __________________

brha __________________ bra.

8. Jg cwtD __________________ Jth

__________________ gaF id.

48
IX. brhfis bghUsJ bghUJf:

id - gWnfhL

gid - iwg

rh - fa ms

J - xU ngus

- F th

klth - Fj

xuh - m

bghW - ajh tjt

UJ - mf

- bghWgt

brWth - milik

xg - brYJtJ

cgJ - m ik

ngijik - gift

- yhjt

xfhik - Jg

Gk - ta

a - w

W - jsuhik

- J

X. fhQ Fwghf gW tU mfis Ro sFf:

1. mfthiu jhF ynghy jik
fth bghWj jiy.

2. ik ik Ubjhuh tik
tik klth bghiw.

3. cj tiuj Wj cj
braglh rh tiuJ
49
 UFw bgUik nf!
idas nghjh W l
gidas fhL gojh - fy

tStU j Fw ghtoah itajh

cStbjyh msjh XJ
- guz

cSnjh WSnjh Ws cUFnk

tSt th bkh kh
- khFo kUjdh

bghghy bghnaah nghdbgh ayhj

bkghy bkah sdnt - Kgh
bjt Ut Stbr UFwsh
itaJ thth kdJ.
- njFo udh

jf W uo fisW
j fy ifgnj - jf
bjt yt Ut Stbrhd
bgh bkhUF nghJ

brj brt UFwis bernk

jid brth d

UFwis berhu j th
XbjhGJ vGf XJ
- fk

50
 4. bjhliybr
m. ygfhu
ygfhu jYs IbgUfhafS jiyahaJ; Kj
fha, ciuill ghLil br, ehlf fha vW gntW
w bgafsh ghuhlgLwJ. fz fhy fhuzkhf tsj
fijahjdh (y + mfhu) ygfhu vW bga NlglJ. J,
j Kj fha yhF.

fh fhl, kJiufhl, tfhl vd _W fhlfis

kfy thJ ghl Kjyhf tujUfhijpwhf KgJ fhijfis bfhL
sFwJ.

mua iHnjhF mw Twhtc

ciurh gF canjh VjY

Cid cUJtJ CL vgc

vD _W cikfis cSiwahf bfhL fwJ.

iy aat nru stur snfhtof Mth. katug

beLnruyhjDF nrhH kf enrhizF kfdhf njhat.
nru brFLt vw nru mur tF jika Kiw vW mtDF
muRikia jUjnf t Jw lh vW tt brf TWwd.
fhy .. ulh whL. YF ciubaGa giHa ciuahaf
Ut. xUt mUgjfSF kL ciutHa mUgj ciufhu. (
KGikF mUgj ciu cL) kbwhUt sfkhf ciu vGa moahF
eyh. (t ciu, KGikF ilfiy) fhynj thj
e.K.ntflrh ehlh ciu KGikF csJ.

knkfiy nk ciu bghU Ka

ygfhu KW

vW iw bgWtjdh knkfiyia ygfhuij

uil fhaf vg. knkfiyia aa kJiu Tythf
jiy rhjdh, snfhtofis KobfG ntj _tF caJ; mof
nu mUSf vW nto bfhs, mofS ehLJ ahnkh ghLil
br vW KtJ fhaij Majh vgJ gf thyhf
matUwJ.

ghuah mUik bgUikfis czJ, beiraS y,

vd fJsh. fk njfehafis, njny Ca brj
Rit njW ygfhu, vd ghuhosh. gyuhY kdkhu ghuhl bgW
igjfhakhf ygfhu fwJ.

51
 CNt
fijRUf

fh efuJ bgUFo thfuha khrhJth, khehf vD

Utj kfns fz nfhtyD Mt. UtF Ukz fjJ.
fh efu jiynfhyit vw gl bgwt khj vD Mlkf;
khjgh nfhty UgKW fzia LJ mkhjnahL
ththdhd. UtF knkfiybaw bgkfbthW wjJ.
uHh fnghJ khj ghoa fhd tghlfsh zFW mtJ
nfhty IaKWJ fzgh Udh. bghUbrt midJ
Hjjh eha nfhtyDF fz j fhyig mjh. mjidna
Kjyhf bfhL kJiu efny bghUl fU nfhty fznahL fh
efiu L dh.

faof vD rkz Jw JiznahL UtU

kJiuiaaLj wnria milJ jd. MaFy bgzha khl
milfygLjgld. fz fztDF rikJ czL kjh.

woy xWbfhL ahngh

khtUt; kafhJ xf

vW yig bfhL kJiu mfef brw nfhty mukid

bghbfhydh ft vW fhlglh. Cid fhuzkhf ghoa
mtid bfhW my bfhzf <F vW Mizlnt nfhty
bfhiybraglh.

MaKJkf khj o ajf njhd. vdnt Ma

ghoYnsh Ma Fuit f Ukhiy tgld. Fuit Ko
C mutnfL Knah xU nfhtybfhygl bria Tdh.
Fuit TJ fG nghnj xUKDzdh fyUj fz fzt
bfhiygl br nflJ bghbaGjh; ynrhu Gjh; ff tg
mGjh.

Fuit TF tJ FGa bgfns nfSf. cf midt

K nfnw; fhf brtnd ftndh v fzt vW nflh. mt
nfF xU thbdh vGjJ. bgnz c fzt ftdy; mthW
Ta iu cQ vW mFu xjJ.

mFu nfl fz kiw yig if V cuj FubyLJ

jJa KH kJiu efny Kiw nfL brthshdh.

Ckf NH Uf, fz ciujdtiw TWtJ CNt. t

vgJ irghl tifaJ.

52
 CNt
KiwpL
vwd btnah y tisnjh
y w ybghW ifna
Kiw murj CUJ thG
iwil g bgofh <bjhW;
gnl, glhj Jau, gLfhiy 5

cnw cwhjJ cWtnd? <bjhW;

ftndh my fzt v fhy
bfhS iybghUlh bfhwhnu <bjhW;
khj jifa klthf Kdnu,
fhj fztid fhgnd! <bjhW ; 10

fhj fztid flh, mt th

jW eciu nfgnd! <bjhW ;
jW eciu nfsh bjhntnd
nehjf brjh vW vs J xW - vW 15

Cut if
myYW MwhJ mGthis fL, V,
ky kJiuah vyhU jh ka
fisahj Jg fhifF fho
tisahj brnfh tisjJ Jbtbfh?
kdt kd kFil thntj 20

bjdt bfhw ijjJ Jbtbfh?

kFu br kwnt, beLjif
jFil btik isjJ Jbtbfh
brbgh y xW ifV ebghUlh
tg bgUbjt tjJ Jbtbfh? 25

Im cf mGJV muWth
bjtc whnghY jifa, Jbtbfh?

53
 vgd brh, idJ V, Mw
kg W Foanj khkJiu
fgiy khf fztid jhfhl 30

brbghbfho midah flhis jh fhzh

kykh Phy U Co, khkiynk,
brbt f RU brfnuh brbwhg
by kUkhiy bfhoah rl

xby x giljJ C. 35
bgoU cLbfh! bgoU cLbfh?
bfhl bfhGe cWFiw jhFc
bgoU cLbfh? bgoU cLbfh?
rhnwhU cLbfh; rhnwhU cLbfh
<w FH vLJ tsFc
rhnwhU cLbfh? rhnwhU cLbfh? 40

bjtK cLbfh? bjtK cLbfh?

itth ja kdt Tl
bjtK cLbfh? bjtK cLbfh?
vit brh mGth fzt j
bghJR khg bghUj j bfhs 45

wh, vGJ iwk thKf
faJ vwt f ifah khw
mGnj y J MiHah j fzt
bjhGjifa Ujoia Jiztisif ahgw
gGJ xJ vGUjh gyku FHhJsh. 50
- snfhtof
mUbrhbghU
t 1 - 13

btnah = fut; <tis = mWJ bra bgw tisa yF

= xUw; njh = njhisila fz; Kiw = ; iw = f; <bjhW =
~J my kbwhW; gLfhiy = khiyfhy; (JaUw jbghG)

54
cwhjJ = w milahj Jg; cnw = ah milnj; <bjhW = ~J
vid gadh ahcw xUJg; iybghUL = ca iy bfhlhJ
jh ftJ bfhS bghUL; (iybghU bfhLgjF <lhf); <bjhW =
Jnth Jik; khj = fhj; khj jifa klth = fzt fhjF gila
kf; jW eYiu = Fwkw a bkh; <bjhW = ~J v NSiu; nehjf
brjh = tUjjfd brjh; vs = ff; JbthW = J EkF xU
th.

t 14-30

myYW = tUjKW; MwhJ = jhfkhlhJ; ky = ts; vbfh =

vd fhuzjh fjnjh; bfhw = mua; ebghUlh = eikbfLj
bghUlhf; tg bgUbjt = ajhf tj bga bjt; Im cf =
mHa brtglj, iklff; bjtKwh nghYjifa = bjt
Vat ngh Mdh; idJ = tU; fgiykhf = MuthJ
kf.

t 31 - 35

bykUkhiy = xkG njhW khiy; rl = mGJy

muw.

t 36 - 50

bfhGe = fzt; itth = Tath (nf eL iyik); ja = jta;

thKf = xbghUa Kf; faJ = fnghW; khw = Jilf; gGJ =
cl; (Jwf Ftjfhf cliy blhJ vGjh vf)

yfz
t 1 - 13.

<tis - idbjhif; ifna - VHh ntWik bjhif; fhy -

VHh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhfbjhif; eYiu - gbjhif; vs
= mW anfh idKW.

t 14 -35

beLjif, jFil, brnfh - gbjhiff, bghy - _wh

ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif; cf - idbjhif; bfh
- ilbrh IabghU tjJ; W Fo - br vD thghL
bgabur, khkJiu, ky kJiu - cbrhbwhlf; fhzh - vkiw
Mgh idKW; khPhy, khkiy - cbrhbwhlf, xg - brabt
thghL idbar.

55
t 35 - 50

<w FH - wjfhy bgabur; jhFc, tsFc -

irasbgilf; itth - cbrhbwhl; j - brhirasbgil;
iwk - idbjhif; tisif - ulh ntWik cU gaD cl
bjhf bjhif.

g
I. Wdh:

1. uil fhaf ahit?

2. ygfhu - bga fhuz jUf.

3. ygfhu - mikig vGJf.

4. ygfhu TW _W cikf ahit?

5. ygfhuF ciubaGa bgUkf aht?

II. bgUdh:
1. snfhtofis g Fiu jUf.

2. <bjhW - bghU sfjUf.

3. fzia fl Cut ifJ Tad ahit?

4. xby xgiljJ C - x vGaikfhd fhuzij sFf.

5. `cLbfh vD Kiw fz dJ Tad ahit?

6. nfhtyid fl bghGJ fj mj ahJ?

III. beLdh:

1. fz NSiu efkhj ka Tad ahit?

2. kUkhiyngh fz idJ V ciujd nfhtyid

flbghGJ fj mjij UgJ tf tiuf.

IV. yfz F tiuf.

<tis jFil WFo fhy

tsFc eYiu khPhy itth

vs thntj j beLjif

cLbfh

56
V. J z vGJf.

tisnjh fhy bgUbjt

ybghW eYiu bfhoah

ifna brnfh mGnj

iwil kFil kwnt

gbgo bghbfho brbgh

VI. gFgj cWyfz jUf.

y fisahj gnl

V xJ fhg

W faJ vs

<w bfhwh bfhl

VII. il njf:
1. ygfhuYs fhlf

m) _W M) MW ) KgJ

2. ygfhu ciuahaU xUt

m) suz M) mUgjiufhu ) edha.

3. ygfhuF tHF w bgaf xW.

m) fz fhij M) wgfhu

) ciuill ghLil br

4. ygfhu c

m) gly M) a )fhij

5. njny Ca brj - Rit

njW ygfhu vW ghuhoat.

m) ghujhr M) ghuah

) fk njf ehaf is

6. t vgJ _______ tifaJ

m) rjghl M) irghl ) fghl

57
VIII. bghUJf.
ytf aa f
snfhtof - knkfiy
Ujfnjt - ygfhu
ehjFjdh - tfjhk
jiyrhjd - tisahg
- Flynf

IX. bkhw tsg

ygfhufij nfhy - fzif fijahf ehLwf

Tjhf fijahf tH tUwJ. bra ku thJ fhajF
bgw fij kf tHfh y khwfSl tHFtij mf. MuP
cw ugaha fz tghnl uhk njtijfS Jnuhgij, fhak
tghlhf VfgLsJ vW Hhf j tsiyna vW
mPf TWtij Mf.
nfhy - fzif ehlf; f bgw tfis E yJ Knah
th nflf.
fG Gj khiy fHl Koaiy..
fhifna Jah Nnjh

fzbaD brhYF ffsh eFgt vgJ bghU.

muhj ngR cuhj cila bka Ma fz fLbrhfis
thiwF mtyNHiy bkghL njhw eoJ fhLf.

X. ehw g

gntW rj Ffisila ghlfis goJ fhf.

F:
vLbkL bkLbkd vLjnjh
fbyh flbyh ffnt
LL Lg fFHh
LL bkDbkh iffnt
-ffJgu
bfhJ giw bfhl fsir
FFFF FFFF FF
Fij F obad KJ Tif
bfhwH egwziu
btog L Fy
FJgl xJ bghUty bgUkhns
- Uf

58
KLF ( beo )
nfhiH l whff nfhSy thf ir TL tifah
ViH ao ahutf ahitbrhd brhkG <rlkh
- njthu

M. fguhkhaz
fguhkhaz vD bgUfha fg vD yt bgUkhdh
awgljhF. fg jh aa YF uhkhthjhu vnw bgalh.
mJnt fguhkhaz vW tHfyhW.
uhk fhijF Mfha vW mfhijia tlbkh aa
thF Mf vW bga cL. fgehl th vGa tlbkh
fhaij jG j bkh fha brJsh. vdnt J t
vdgLwJ.
fg uhkhazij fg ehlf vd fgu vd fwj
mP f Tt. fg ah tzf beLY wd.
tuF fg brhd tzK bjhwhnw vW xU fzL cL.
jya bjhla fha ts fg gil
criyailtij eh fhzyh. fguhkhaz MW fhlfisilaJ.
mit ghyfhl, mnahah fhl Mua fhl, jh fhl, Rju
fhl, j fhl vgdthF.

VHhfhlkhf cju fhl vD gFia fg rkfhyjtuha

xlTj adh.

(fg ga Vida Ffis fl thJ gF fhf).

Rju fhlYs Uto bjhGj gly f cs ghlf ekJ

ghlgFahf nj bragLsd.

fhl - bgU - gly - c

Rjufhl

uhkhazJ Ijhfhlkhf sFtJ Rjufhl. fhlnk

fha Kokahf sFwJ vg. gF KGtJ a Utoaha
mDk brafns brhygLwd. mDkDF Rju vD bgaU
cL vgjh mDk jiyik gf W bgW sF fhl Rju
fhl vdyhW vg.

fliyjho yif f mDk ij UFlij

njoJUaJ mnrhftdijailJ ijia flJ mnf ijl
uhtz tJ ciuahoaJ ij mtidfoJiuJ, xJaJ ijF
eybkh brh zFFkhW muaiu V uhtz mfwJ ij
kdjsjJ ciu lJjJ uhkj ah vd mDk ijK

59
njhaJ uhk milahs bkhfis TaJ fizahia jjJ
ij mjdh kjJ mDkl Nlhkia tH tuLjJ uhkDF
brhd brfS mDk gynuhL bghUJ yifia vo mUJ
uhkl tjJ uhkid fL mobjhGJ W fjtiw ugl
brhYjY Ma brfis gF fhzyh. ijia fL tj mDk
Ta brf gF mDk Twhf jugLsd.

Uto bjhGj gly

mDk uhkDF ij iyia Fdh

czJj

vd mDkD; v Vjj
bkhfH bjhGy; Ks a
ijaiy neha jiya; ifd
itaf jbeo iw thdh. 1

bria czj uhk k

ow mtbra bja nehdh;

tLiw X ta; kt
flJ cL; mt f ebwdh
bfhld; Fdh czU bfhifah. 2

ijia flij mDk uhkl TWj

flbd fD fia ffsh;

bjoiu miyfl yif bjdf
mleh afJw, IaK
gLs JaUbk wDk gDth. 3*

cbgU njbaD cikF cid bgw

kbgU kU baD thikF iy kd
jbgU jdia baD jifikF jiyik rhwh
vbgU bjtika dK nfo vgh. 4

bgU jlnjh u! F yif bt

ebgU jtj sha eifia fnl dny
w bgg bjhW Ubghiw bag bjhW
fbgD bgau bjhW fel a fnl. 5*

ntiy yif baD ef xUrh njh

fhiy khiyjhD ynjh fdf fg

60
nrhiya fj c dh bjhLj a
rhiy Ujhisa; jt brj jtkh ija. 6

yifia KGJ eho uhtz Uif v

bghyFiH atiu bayh bghJtw neh nghnj
myFj nrhiy nf; mt mzf dhis
fyF bj oiu wha f fl fnl. 7

ijaiy tzf bfhj ilbgW jik neh

Ia, ah Uj fhiy myfnt yif ntj
vd; uJ T iwd; UJ eif
btJiu brhy nfhwnk bfhL lh. 8

Mil mz f Ia dUS bra

ae ywD v idad bjhlJ fhg
nghd mu khiu brhY bghJ vwh(F)
Vd mtbuyh v ku Jw wh. 9

mdnjh bghG eif MU Jwg jhf

cd bfhobah nw bfhbghL ciwg R
jk fG rhJ msit jLJ ehna
bghdo tz W bga fw ngh. 10

mw bja brhd ng, mil ahs vyh

brw neh ehna ij Uf ik
Ktw v tz nkhu fhl flh
W cj kUbjhj jida bjjh. 11

tha M jid trC tj jhbk

whFa kiHf uh Mu fyr Mo
Vd Uj jyh agy; vj nk
d aj jyh iky c lh. 12

mdt foand j dLj btyh

brhKiw aa brh njhif Uj NH
dbj w yhnk jid jhj bjnw
kd tUj ghL czbd; c tjh. 13

Fs jik bayh ia ag nflh;

mFs jik bayh moand fa brhdh;
fbsh Ug nd; Us j id
kFbt cnuhblW kyuo br itjh. 14

61
 ijjj Nlhkia uhkl mDk nrj
itj J itj khk fuir th
ifjy <jh; jhkiu ff Mu
jf fho baW bfhLjd ntj e}
cJs fhy bkyh fbHhL X gh. 15
- fg

mUbrhbghU
1. Vj = wnjh (uhk); fH = Uto (fHyjfh); Ks = jhkiu; ija
= (Ukfsha) jhuo; itaf = jiu; itaf j = jiu J;
iw = tz.

2. ow = (nguhw ftdha) uhkuh; X = Tj

(Tjiyilasha ij); bja = (bra nehfij njJ) mJ;
ta = (cl, kd uo cWah gift CY) cUl csh;
cWa ; (f tikl csh vgJ F) kW = nkY.

3. Jw = ifLf; gDth = ciughdhdh; iu = miy. *ghtif :

fUj
4. k = jauj; kU = kUkf; jdia = kf; nfo = nfghahFf.
5. jlnjh = mfwnjh; Ubghiw = ta bghWik (bgUikFa bghWik);
F = guJ bgUa fl (Nj yif) bt = kiy (yif
xU gF) *ghtif : mWfbeoyo Ma Uj.
6. c = cj (yFt); ntiy = fl; njh = thdsha; f el =
Mdj eld; fdf = bgh ; rhiy = gzrhiy.
7. bghJtw = jjahf mzF mdh = bjt nghth; myF =
mirj; xFj
8. ilbgWjik = jFj fhy thF jik; nfhw = bfhYj; myf
= khiy;
9. bghJ brhY = eikjUtd ik isgdkhd brhfis
bghJgilahf vLJ brhYf; Vd = Vdh;
10. ciwg = mGjkhf; rhJ msit = khL bghGJ; cd =
idjd; fw ngh = brhd bghGJ.
11. Uf = trid; K = ntWghL; kUJ = mj
12. agy = (cz bgUfh) ngbrhW ngdhsy; vjnk
= isj cl; d = jh; M = nkhu; lh =
btgLdh; clh = bgU_R lh.
13. mLj = fjit; tUjghL = Jg; c = bgU_R; njhif = k
nghY rhayh (ij)

62
14. ia = bghUjKw, Kiwahf; Us jid = (vuhDF)
kdiyah; f xW = xU khj
15. khkfuR = Nlhk; jf = mPnd; fho = fhQf.

yfz
1. vd - KW; bkhfH - idbjhif; bjhGy - vkiwidKW;
fH - jhahFbga; j - brhirasbgil.

2. ow nehdh - gbjhif wJ wj mbkhbjhif;

tLiw X ta - idbjhif wJ wj mbkh bjhif;
ta-F idKW.

3. bjoiu - g bjhif; miyfl - idbjhif; Jw - (Kiy)

Vt idKW.

4. nfo - Kiy Vt idKW.

5. bgUjlnjh - gbjhif; F - id bjhif; jlnjh

- cbrhbwhl; bgUjt - gbjhif; w - VHh
ntWikbjhif; fel - idbjhif.

6. ef - idbjhif; c - Kiwbga; Ia - ; c -cj

vgj kUc.

7. bghyFiH - _wh ntWik cU gaD clbjhf bjhif.

8. f fl - cUtf; nfhw - bjhbga.

9. brhY - Vt idKW; mw - (mw) W ngh; vyh - vyh

vgj ilFiw.

10. MU - gbjhif; bghdo - ctkbjhif.

11. tz nkhu - ulh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif.

12. ng milahs - cikbjhif

13. czbd - jik xUik idKW; j - ulh ntWik

bjhif.

14. kyuo - ctkbjhif.

15. khk - cbrhbwhl; ifjy - UbgabuhL gbjhif.

63
 g
I. Wdh:

1. Rjufhl vW bga tu fhuz ahJ?

2. mDk uhkid vaJ brj bra ahJ?

3. uhk Fgh czjit ahit?

4. flbd vW mDk Tait ahit?

5. cjJ < - kUbjhjJ vW mDk Flj bghU ahJ?

II. bgUdh:

1. fg - F tiuf.

2. fguhkhaz F tiuf.

3. mDk brjJ uhk czjJ ahit?

4. v bgUbjt vW mDk ciujd ahit?

5. fel a fnl vW mDk ciujtiw vGJf.

6. jt brj jtkh ija yif Uj iyia mDk vthW

Tdh?
7. yifanfh tjJ MF fjd ahit?
8. kdjsj ij braJj braY mjid fl mDk
brif ahit ?
9. fizah fl ij braf ahit?
10. mDk ijF brha brf ahit?
11. ij uhkDF brhaDa br milahsK g vGJf.
III. beLdh:
1. ijia mDk fLtJ Ta brfis UgJ tf fhJ
vGJf.

2. uhtz tUif mj fjdkha brafis mDk

ciuj ghid UgJ tf fhk vGJf.

IV. yfzF tiuf:

ow fel vj nk jhkiuff

c khk brhY miyfl

nfhw kyuo j Jw

ifjy MU w tLiwX ta

64
V. J z jUf:

ow w dU Ubghiw

tLiw Mil jlnjh kfGJ

Ktw MU kiHf tUjghL

Us kfhR e}

VI. cWyfzjUf:

vd nfo nfhw bjhGy

iw Ujh brhY bfhld

Jw nf wh d

lh czbd gh neha

VII. il njf:
1. jh aa uhk fhijF fg l bga

m) t M) Mfha ) uhkhtjhu

2. fgehlf ah tzfSF TwgL fzL

m) bjhwhW M) baL ) W

3. fguhkhazYs fhlf vif

m) MW M) VG ) xgJ

4. cjufhlij ghoat

m) xlTj M) th ) fnHyt

5. Rjufhl uhkaz

m) Kjfhl M) Ijhfhl ) VHhfhl

6. Rju vD bgauh uhkaz tHfgLgt

m) mDk M) uhtz ) yFt

7. aUto vwiHfgLgt

m) fUl M) mDk ) lz

8. jdia baw brh bghU

m) mkh M) clwjh ) kf

65
 9. uhk bfhLjhf ijl mDk fhoaJ

m) fizah M) mkf ) foj

10. jhuho jid Lbrhy nto j fhy

m) xU f M) XuhL ) xUeh

VIII. bkhw tsg

Uto bjhGjgly ghlgF KGtJ mDk Twhf jugLsJ.
jid Xuf ehlfkhf vG czf ygLkhW bkghLnjhw eoJ
fhLf. fg ehlf fhaHif RitPF czJf.

fbl fD fia ffsh vw mof sF fg

ghl cig E Ma th nflf.

fnl fnl fnl ijia fnl uhfth

fh f c cUbt d

fth jny cU ehknk gd

...................................................................
gh aua fht iwJd

gR goj gHu vd fnl fnl......

- uhk ehlf jid

Fdh czjY FgjY vyhF iaa TLnkh! mDk

czjY Ia uhk czjJkha ghtidia fL kf.

mDk illhk xnu _ brhaJ ngh Uto bjhGj gly

mikUwJ. njh j ghliy khzt _Rlhk brh ghfyh.

ehstl jk ed bjhLJ

ehfiz blhbuL
ehlj Dguk ljDJR

eU dhg zl
nfhs tl giHa ne tlbdhL

FW btbgLnk

Fl fH
ntjl _jl nfhjl nkhL ru

thstl fHy koJ elL

kJ kj.......
- FkuFUgu

66
 . njght
jh ehoUJ naR rig FUth fnjhf rka gug j
ehoF tj ukhKt aaj bgUfha njghtahF. _W
fhlf - KgjhW glyf - _thuJ mWW gidJ ghlf
bfhlJ njght. njgh + m vDfh vW thlhj khiy vW
nj + gh + m vD nghJ njnghw ghfis mahf cilaJ vW
bghUgLtjhW.

naR bgUkh ts jijahua Nir khKtiu ghLil

jiytuhf bfhL njght eil gwJ. fnjhfUrig
bfhiffS miufS fij tothf l bgWsd. vdnt
Jt rkajh fiyfsa vW miHfgLwJ.

ukhKt bfhlh n#hrbg vD abgaiuilat.

bfhlh vD jh bkh brhYF mrhik vgJ bghU. Mfnt
t j bgaiu ijaehjrh vW kh bfhlh. jrhnwh tiu
ukhKt vW miHjd.

1710 M ML jehoF tj bgah KgnjHhLf rka

g j g J 1747 M Mo mgyfhL vD l
aifbadh.

ukhKt jgf vW idfghyd. yaf,

ciueil, mfuh, bkh bga, yfz, bgUfha vW jya
tuyh mtuJ gf iyngWilajhf sFwJ.

t Ufht fygf, njakh mkhid, nta xGf,

gukhj FUfij, brj yfz, bfhLj yfz, bjh}
sf, rJufuh Kja fis ash. UFw mwJgh
bghUgh ulid ukhKt y bkh bkh bgaJsh.
myt bgUkh aa njght fhaW ekJ ghlgF nj
bragLsJ.
ts brj gly
fha jiytdhd ts vD Nir khKt jhJ kd mur
ku njha tuyhiwiugJnt ts brj glykhF.

(nahnr vW Nir vW xbgafgl n#hr vD bgaiu

ukhKt ts vW jgLsik cW nehfjfJ. tsfis tsu
brgt vD fUwh vnua bkh Nir vW bga tHFwJ. mj
nea bkh bgaghfnt ts vw bgaiu ukhKt L tHsh
vf)
fijRUf
njah eho r vw kd Mj ehf kiyehLf
thj ija vgh Ukiwia gJ flis fJ tjd.

67
mtf r kdid vJ gilbfhL tjbghGJ nfhahJ vD
muf mtfilna njhdh. mt uhna kfis fJ. E
xUt vbdhL nghJ btbgwtUf. v UtF kLnk ngh fHL.
njhwt btwtF moikahfntL vW miwTt Ljh. kf
mt njhwij fLbkhfis fL kUld.

uhnay ma jikia fl r kd tUdh.

tufid ngh btthDF v kfis kzbrJ jUnw'. vW
mjh. ehgJ ehf fjd. jhj vD sWt gilnrj
j mzkh _tiu ghf tjh; mufdJ f bkhfis kf
mUjiy fL tUdh.

btW cl tik bfhltDF eh mRtjh? bjt tyikna

tikahf bfhL ehnd mtid btnt vW N ciujh.

mJ nfl kd mtDF Mjfis tHf Ktu jhjndh jdF

mtiw gagLj bjahJ vW kWJ mfwh. d xU ftQ IJ
ffS bfhL nghKidF brwh. UtU vbu W uiu
Td. jhj fiybaLjJ ftil oaJ ahU fhy; nfhahJ
fUnkf nghy jjidna fld.

bjt tyikia jid brnthF dgona neUbkW fh

vW jhJ mt jiyia bfhjh.

ts brj gly
nt ahfJ lhU efbuyh eLf
kh ahf tFjth nsd ehg
M ahf jfK cUbfhL ntj
nfh ahbjD bfhoanth uhfj bdjh. 1

l thil beUa glfU Kngh

khl njha tlnk bghWJbt Rliu
l yhbkd Rj <oif jh
l shtH sg bljh. 2

nfhah miwTw
Tj nghbra Tod bfhUtt bj
j ehmt wjngh jj jhf
njhj ghd bjhGbgu whFt budh
Mj Xifah eiff tiwjiw jiHgh. 3

efu khj kU
bga Fwnkh nganjh jnkh Vnjh
ca bjhyh Uid fL btU

68
fa o fjj bfhLL jd
ma nfhah jiwjbrh nfld kUlh. 4

nfhahJ efukhjiufj
ebd Lgil eLF btUa jik
fbd LFt blhjd brUbfH fLJ
gbd Lgf gukid gifg fj
brhbd Lgif bjhljd vtiu eifgh. 5

r kd mif
jhF thyh rha iufnf bltU
F thbud UgD maUj bdF
VF thbdt vj m tufid btwh
MF ehdt bfkf mFbt vgh. 6

jhj tUif
d thgf ehgJ j mz
Kd _tnu Kubra nghd mtiu
Jd Mirah bjhls jhj bd
md ahit mdmiwjY nflh. 7

jhj ubkh iwg

nfl thrf sw bel bjia
<l yhbkd vGJs idjit ah
fhl thik fljt flis eifg
ntl yh Ga fatdh buwh. 8

bjt mU tikah ehnd btYnt vW jhj ciuj

iftadh fUl Jl} nfhF

bght adh ifj brh fRt bjndh
bkt adh iHbra khtnjh fl
brt adh Wteh btYnt bdwh. 9

mur Mjfis tHfK tUjY jhjmtiw kWjY

ma thikia mr jur ebwdh

a shbth ntbyhL jdJg fU
ca nghbra xUFj jd mt bwhLjh
a MKiw bjny vdkW jfwh. 10

69
 jhj ftQ fY bjJ bfhzj

bjj Mjit iybahL ftbzL bjtU

j ghyid neh sr uf
j Mirah nta Mia Tw
j fhbyh bgUfth fidtU khjh. 11

nfhah nfhgbkh

Mj Xijnf luf wkbf tUf

ghj ghyid gbjG ahtU kr
Tj ntbyhL FWft jffU K
ngj nfhileh ngo badiu brjh. 12

nfhahJ - jhj ciuahl

a lhbt gnjh kjbgh fnk
eha lhid elJnkh fjbfhL ehnd
tha lhs Jl kW E
Ma lhyf jw njFth bawh. 13

jh ubkh

btit ntbr lyJ lylh ehndh

vitah jua bw yhw fl
tif nahLid khJl iu ahf
xbr ntbddh ilft RHd isnah. 14

nfhahJ jY jhj braY

fiy nawY ftid RHwY kf

xiy nahlY bkhUtU fhy oF
briy bahjd iyEj ghjY kdh
viy ghU bjd jY flh. 15

fil f fUK cUbkhL G ngh

gilK f ghgij jr jdw
ila f zjth SUba bjt
cil uid czbd Uu bfhjh. 16

fhKf jr Tr fLjt tuf btw

Kf st d wjj dhk ntyh
nghKf bjbuh yh bghkiw gj ahU
ghKf jjbf PhW gl tif brjhnd. 17
- ukh Kt

70
 mUbrhbghU
1. ntah = ntahf mikj kdh (Nj) fJlh = (giftf)
ifgwKoahj; kh = Na; f tFj = xa; ehg = eL; M
= kiH ; fJ = fU; cUbfhL - cUtbfhL; ntj = fUikia
mahf ngh bfhl nkfngh fa nkiacilat vf.

2. il = il xUgf; beU = Wffo; khl = wj; atl =

mfw nfla; bghWJ = RkJbfhL; mj = xFj; L = J;
msh = iwj; sg = iwa; vjh = Kwh;

3. Tj = Mwf; eh mt = ehD mtD; njhjghd =

njhwt; bjhGg = moikf; Mj (miwT) miHj; Xifah
= fdh; (brU ifah f clhW) f miwJ =
faha ng.

4. nganjh = ngnah; ca bjhyh cU = vjndhL xL TwKoahj cUt;

btU = m; fL = flnghJ; fjj = df.

5. eLF = eLfKW; fbeLFtL = kiyfu; brUF = jh vD

mffhu; mfij; fLJ = dJ.

6. jhFth = (gifbtW) jid fhgt; Ug = mur; maU= nrhW.

7. j = fj; Jd= beUf (l ngh ghF Ugjh)

8. swbeR = aghfnt s f ber; = rh; via <l M

vd = beUig xU nru bfhoaJ nghy.

9. ifta = njhtik; bkta = cltik; ifj = dj.

10. = j; x msh = x bghUa; a = RkJ a; MKw =

gagLJ Kiw.
11. Iiy = IJ ff; fhx = fh Xir.

12. Xij = Xir

13. cl = bgU_Rl; kU = RHW

14. bt = btyjf, itnt = Tant, l = tik; vit = jfrka;

tif = tik f fuf; xbrnt = iuJ bragLnt, ghtif =
fJiw

15. xiy = iuthf; br = nkf; iyEj = fnghw be; viy = fbuh.

16. filf = cyf Koeh; cUK = o; kUF = L; u = jiy.

17. mr = o; Tr = ehQw; ehknt = mrjUnt.

71
 yfz
1. fJlh - <Wbfl vkiw bgabur; mfK - idbjhif.
2. fUK, btRl - gbjhiff; lyhbkd vd ctkU.
3. Tod - idahyizbga; ehmt - cik bjhif. miwjjiwJ
- mLFbjhl.
4. fjj - Fbgaur; nfld = idahyiz bga.
5. bjhljd eifgh - Kbwr.
6. mFbt - jik xUik idKW.
7. md - idahyiz bga.
8. nfl thrf - bgabur.
9. ifta, bkta - Mwh ntWik bjhiff.
10. ma Mik - Fbgabur.
11. j ghy - bgabur.
12. fUK, ngo - gbjhiff.
13. kjbgh f - idbjhif.
14. itnt - cbrhbwhl.
15. fhy - vkiw idKW.
16. cz - Vt idKW.
17. bghkiw - idbjhif
ehknt - cbrhbwhl.

g
I. Wdh:
1. njght - bghU TWf.

2. jt rkajt fiyfsa vW nghwbgW ahJ?

3. njght ghLil jiyt ah?

4. njght vjid fhlfisilaJ?

5. ukh Kt abga ahJ?

6. ukh Kt ya gf vjifJ?

7. ukhKt aa f ahit?

8. ukh Kt bkhbga gia sFf.

72
 9. ts brj gly ciugJ ahJ?

10. ts vw brh bghUis sFf.

11. njah eho gifbfhL w djh aht?

II. bgUdh:

1. nfhahJ bkhj fiuf ahit?

2. r kd mif ahJ?

3. sjhj vLJ brw Mj ahJ?

4. nfhahJ jhjid fL btFL ciujit ahit ?

5. jhj nfhahJF ciuj kWbkh ahJ?

6. jhj nfhahid btwik ahd?

III. beLdh:

1. nfhahJ vw muf tUif jhj mtid btw

wid UgJ tf fhk tiuf.

IV. yfzF tiuf:

fJlh fL ifta mfK

fjj ngo Tod itnt

miwjiwJ mFbt cz

V. gFgj cWyfz jUf:

miHgh mFbt nfld md

fhy uf miwj VFth

cz Mj

VI. J z jUf:
fUK beLFtL btRl brUbfH

miwjiwJ ngo o Uu

VII. bghU sFkhW J vGJf.

1. Mj Xifahdif ftiwjiwjiHgh.

2. iftadh fUlJl} nfhF.

3. alhbt gnjh?

73
 4. EL Malh cyfjw njFthbawh.

5. xbrnt bddhil ft RHdisnah.

VIII. il njf.
1. ukhKt jhehL

m) jHf M) uhR ) jh

2. bfhlh vD brhYF bghU

m) bfhwt M) mjht ) ntWehlt

3. ukhKt bjhFj mfuh

m) rJufuh M) ngufuh ) mUgj mfuh

4. UFw mwJgh bghUgh Matiw ukhKt

bkhbgaJ jjJ.

m) My bkh M) y bkh ) tlbkh

5. njght ghLil jiyt.

m) NirkhKt M) naRbgUkh ) jhj

IX. bkhw tsg:

1. cUfL vshik ntL vw UFwSF vLJfhlhf y

ffis tiuf.

2. jhjDF nfhahJF elj ciuahliy ehlfkhf gilJ

ubra ng fhLf.
3. ukhKtiu nghY ma ehlt jHfF tjJ, j bkh
mtfis ftJ bfhlJ, mta ehlh jGF brj
Mfgfis E Ma MWgLj yf brW mJ EkJ
mthwiy Tik brJ bfhf.

4. mtz mj nkehL MtP xUtiug xU fLiu

tiuf.

X. ehw g:

ukhKt njght YF Kija Ma vGa KDiu

nH jugLsJ. iuia jil goJ gHFf. miweh
ciueil dtz UjJ vgc mgo gof gHdh bjthd
xFfSF eh gHfKo vgc ydhF.

njght Kfiu: eh: #&iy 27 - ML 1927 (27-7-1927) Jnr.

74
 cath Dy brRlnuh bdfQj bwf ahtF
sfhf, mjid bjJ fhLt jtruyhjJ ngh njrbkF
glbjlJ kaj Phdbth Rjk fhaij JJ ghuhl
ntLtiyna. Jnt fuh f yik Kja wfsh fWty
ytU kfhng bgW sa Jt nuhkaha ukhKtbfj
bgU ugaJF Ka fhuzkhW. njD kKD a j
ghf yt KjatF fg gagJk atW ijj Ujhjf
khwh U akhnk.

<. ghoa gR
ghoa gR vD fha ghntj ghujhrdh awgljhF.

ghujhr 29-4-1891 Jnr wjh. t bgnwh fdfrig,

yFakh vgtuht. bgnwh tUl bga Rud vgjh.
t jbkhY buR bkhY wj yik bgwt. jHhauhf
gjt. ghuah Jnr UjbghGJ mtUl bfhl bjhl
tiu va eil vGj ghujhr vWbga bfhs LtjhW.
$ Ruka ghu fjhklyij rhj Rud - vW ghuah
tiu VwJ t jik ghujhr vW miHJ bfhlJ tiu
bjhlj fPf ghujhr gugiubaW bga bgwJ, mtfS jik
thjhr, fgjhr Rudjhr (Rujh) vW tifahf id bgaf
bfhlJ j tuyh Fl jF ffsh.

j bkh jHU j ehL bgW wfnt t jkJ ghlw

KGtij gagLdh. kWky fUJfis t ghlf guf
fhzyh. mjdh t u fP vd nghwglh.
j dij bkhia ghlhj fij
ntyhjku; Toyhj gwit............ vW
ghoa cUa fP uN frnjh nghynt ghntj ghujhrD
sFwh.

FLgsF, ghoa gR, nrujhlt, Ul L, jH

f, uhijah, FL, mH , isP ya, jaf,
UFw ciu Kja gy fis vGsh.

t vGa uhijah ehlf rha mfhbj gR bgwJ.

th brikia brgt na vD ghliy Jit muR jdJ
j thJ ghlyhf VW bfhLsJ. jHf muR t bgauh
gfiyfHfbkhW W, tj fis ehLilikah tUF
w brJsJ. t btl F vw ya j gntW fPf
njh tsu fhuzkhUjJ.
vidpw jijF jhF kf
dw jehL jdF vdh
idas eynkD ilFbkwh

75
 brbjh eh vdF UehshF.
vW ghoa gR thyhf brhygL fUJ fP bgUkh
thif Fnfh vnw bfhsyh.
bjhL brth jGF
JiwnjhW JiwnjhW
JobjGnj
vW jHfis jobaGa ghntj 21-4-1964 mW
aifbadh.

Kfij RUf
fehil Ml kd fiunty; mt kid fQah;
tj xnu kf md.

fQah mzQ giljiytDkhd efz

Nah ntH kd gilbaL fjJ. gilKf efz
trjh murD mu khld. mukidUj ngiHF f ehil
tH ghoa kd vGs glaK grhf <j cilthS kKo
mkfS Ujd. mngiHia efz ifgw idjh.

mukidUj ngiHia efz vLJ mnf khWil w

ugid jdJ ifah vW fU mtl bfhLJ kiwJ itf gjh.
ngiH thnw ifkh kiwJ nghW.

murDF wF ehlhs ntoat stu mdnk. Mfnt ghoa gR

mla ngiHia bfhL tJ jUthF md khiyLth vW
mfglJ.
m njh MjhH vgt. mt fzt ug. UL
bjh brgtdhifah mtid btWJ jna thjh. mt kf nty
vgh Maiu mLJ f fiygy fW fjh. Mjhnt
mdij ngfhj brkhth.
NH mdK mt njh gl brY nghJ afhW
jhW. Mjh kf nty btsUJ mtfis lh. ntHehL
kwt mdij iwof tU bghGJ vkJ fhjh.
mt brj cjfSF md e Tdh. fij bjhlwJ.

ghoa gR
Mjhnt tahv wd nflh!
mtjh vkf vWbrhdh Mjh!
jh fQilah ntH ehlh
iwof tUifny knj vid
fhjhU tjhnkh? vwh md!

76
 flik jhtnd vwh Mjh!
thnu khdij ciu fhf
kwgJ Ee vwh md! 1

xUrW gayh clig, thnth

coiy vDbkhU id d
erW yfhj Til rhnwh
eifnf yfhd F jid
KuRF thXah Fwo kd
Korhf beojhl kd bg
zuRnfh MgLjh Uj ntL?
mnfh jid Mf ntL! 2

vid<w jijF jhF kf

d<w jehL jdF vdh
idas eynkD ilF bkwh
brbjh ehvdF Ueh shF
gidas eynkD jd yij
ghghndh kfny gjo ahth
cidxW ntLnw vdh Mt
Jblwh mjbfw cU blwh. 3

Hjgh oa gir jUth bfid

HJngh nt vW Kur vF
KHaX nrid mp nghY!
Kayhnk jideh f nghY!
gHbga ghoadh ngiH Fns
giftjik xLX F cL!
bfhGjf ckFL bfhL tjh!
bfhilbfhLj jhF ehL bfwh. 4
- ghujhr

mUbrhbghU
1. jh f = bgh gwF f; kJ = ilkJ.
2. = d; TL = clgha btWTL; F = F nghw iyaw
th; KuRF th Xah FwL = Xahk KuR xF Kw; FwL =
mukid Kw; ghntj ghl iyahik ngrgLtJ ijanwh.
3. idas = fjs; gjo = gj
4. ngiH = bgo

77
 yfz
vkf - ehfh ntWikbjhif; jh f - br vD
thghL bgabur; fhjh, jUth - idahyiz bgaf; yfhj -
vkiw bgabur; <w jij - bgabur; Hj (ghoa) gR - bgabur;
KHa (X) nr - bgabur; mp - Kiy vkiw idKW; bfhGj
f - bgabur.

g
I. Wdh:
1. jHf muR ghujhrid nghsik ahd?
2. fehL mur muah bgafis vGJf.
3. Mjh H -ah?
4. md ntyidg dhaJ ahJ?
II. bgUdh:
1. ghntj ghujhr - F tiuf.
2. ghntj vGa f ahit? xw wid tiuf.
3. ghoa grha ngiHF Ujd ahit?
4. ngiHia L jUkhW md ntyid vthW nto bfhlh?
5. flikjh tnd - lRLf.
III. beLdh:
1. kwgJ Ee - vW Ta mdl nty Ta vGiufis
UgJ tf fhJ vGJf.
IV. yfzF tiuf:
vkf jhf Hj ghoagR mp
V. J z vGJf:
jh fQilah bgzuR
idas brbjh cUL

VI. gFgj cWyfz jUf:

nflh Hj mp KHa

VII. bkhw tsg:

ghntj ghujhr jGz ghlfis gYf. jGF

mKbjW ng vW rnf KHF vW xF irghlfis
nfoUf. ciu, czit tsgJ jnH vW j ijia
vGjjunkh vW jnH nah fhL; ehndh J vW cns bjhlh
c F bjSj vW Dgythwhf sF fijf

78
<LghLbfhSf. mtj rKjha kWky fUJf fij tony tU
z guiufsh. mtiw C gYf.

VIII. ehw g:
yfu, sfu, Hfu ntWghLf, dfu zfu ntWghLf JyFkhW ngRj
ntL. xf xU bkh brtf. brtij ijgJ enwh!
fhQ ghlf xRit njhWkhW goJ gHFf.

FHJ ahJ vgj kf

kHiy brh nfsh jt.
fHh mfh g itjwh; rhnwh
FHhmJ ngij f.
idJiz e brD gidJizah
bfht gabjth.
- UFw
bgaYy bjGj bghf btkiH
mfU R Jtiy fg.
KGKj fK kw vU
bfhGkl mj FGcbfh bgUFiy
mj mgj fkH bghGjJ
bt t iw giznjh
thDw tj nkiy kUF
bjhFth fd j czh
- beLethil

5. yaf
ugj vw tlbrhYF eF flglJ vgJ bghUshF.
bgUfhaf cWghf mikUj J, Fw Kjyhd gy fhynj
jj ya tiffshf cUbgwd. mtif cUthd ya tiff
fhy yaf vd tHfyhd.

ghoa f yaf yfzij s TWwd.

ghoa fS trzkhiy FL brhy Toa yhF. ukhKt
aa rJufuh ugj bjhwhW vdT mt bgafis
FLsh. nfhit, cyh, J, fyg, isj, Fwt, mjh
Kjait yafS wghditfshf fUjbgWwd.
iwt, kd, kfS wnjh Kjyhndh wfis vLJ TW
nehnyna yaf vGjbgWsd. fhynjhW jjh JJ
mfis idJ tUwh vgjF rhWfsh yaf
fwd.

79
 m. uhruhr nrhHDyh
cyh vgJ ya tiffS xW. ghLil jiyt cyh tUjiy
wJ ghLj bga bgwJ. cyh vgjF gttu vgJ bghU.
jiyt cyhtu, mtid ngij, bgJig, kif, klij, mit,
bjit, ngsbg vD VGtif gUt kfU fL fhj bfhtij
TWtJ cyh vD ya MF. J fbtghth awgL.
ya cyhw vd tHfgL.

ghLiljiyt w, uhl, xgid brj, gthuf il NH

j C V cyh tu Matiw cyh Kiy vd cyhtU
jiytid fL fhj bfhl VG gUt kf jjahf TWtd cyh
iy vd TWt.

VG gUt bgf taJ Kiwia tUkhW TWt. ngij 5 - 7,

bgJig 8 - 11, kif 12 - 13, klij 14 - 19, mit 20 -25, bjit 26 - 32 ngs
bg 33 - 40.

F ghlkhf l bgWtJ uhruhrnrhH cyh. uhruhr nrhHDyhit

ghoat xlTj. frfut, fuhrr vbwyh fHgL
xlTj uknrhH, ulh FnyhJf, ulh uhruhr Ma
_W kdf mitY brthnfhL sat. m_tiu g
mt ghoa _W cyhfS _tUyh vdgLwJ. jfahfgu, FnyhJf
is j Kjad t aa ntW f MF. Tj vgnj t
abga. xl (gja) itJghLt tyt Mjyh t xlTj
vdglh. tuJ fhy gulh whL MF.

- thY
khif rhiy khyaK klgK
Nif bkkUF njhuzK - rhsuK 1

bj khlK khluF brFW

Ra ghfU njhwhnk - g 2

ka kW z tz
ca bahUt bfhUt - jaiHp 3

FHhf TW
jnfho nahuL bfhL rjnfho
fnfho brw iyfh - Knfh 4

tl knfhj ntt bthUth

l Ubfhw fh - bto 5
Rl fhF nrhzhL thH
tl thfhz th - xa 6

80
 kbaJ tnyW thbdJ F
gbaj bfhwth gh - ca 7

ll ng t l
flg KJKur fh - bfhLg 8

jiubfhl ntwur jbr bgh

fiufl ngh Kur fh - ruj 9

gu ra gilguR uhk
fj tnlf fh - jJy 10

_tbtGfh bynfh fis Kojt

_btGfh bfhl Kogh - jh 11

tu kiyN tuth uf
gu bkhUntif gh - uf 12

l guklf nth aul

Tl bghU Filgh - Tl 13

bgUbgUkh bsntJ Knghj

tU bgUkh tjd gh 14
- xlTj
mUbrhbghU
1. Nif = yhKw (khif nknys bt); njhuz = khiy
Kjatwh fo mHFWJtJ; rhsu = gyf.

2. bj = iz; Ml muf = TJ gYl; ghfU gfYs

lfS; njhwhnk = mlf njhwhjgo.

3. z = beU; ca = kd tU, kWF = bjU; nrhHkd

cyhnghjhdhf kf mjid fhQjF khif MluF klgK
rhsuK brFW Kja vyh lfY NJ FGd vf.

4. jnfho XuL = jDila Kidf uil; (j vwJ iy);

nfho = tisJ; rjnfho = Wnfho (u fkiH bgjJ ngh); fnfho =
nfhoahd ff; Knfh = Knd tisJ.

5. knfhj = fl; Vt = brYj; thlJ = m vjJ (uhkhtjhu);

bto = kiyia bto. yifF nrJ miz fl tUz t lhjnghJ
dJ uhkm vjJ tUz tz t lJ nrhH nk V
brhyglJ.

81
6. Rlfh = RJ btsbgUFl tj fh; nrhzhL = nrhHehL;
nrhHehL thH fhF tl th vW iaf. ffhnrhHDila bt
kDF brhyglJ.

7. kbaJ - ruid ; tnyw th = ta oia cila nkf;

Fg = thd iybfhliyj Cf. mjid xU nrhH bt
bfhlh. mjdh bfbyj bjhonjhbra vdglh.
mbt kDF brhyglJ. ca = nru.

8. ll = bgafgl; ng t = bga kiyila t vD

j C; flg KJ Kur = flg kujh bragl giHa Kur; katug
beLnruyhj fl brW flbfhis brJ bjhiy bfhLj
giftuJ fht kukha flg kuij bto brj Kur J; bfhLg = t
bfhLjyh.

9. jiubfhl = (t bfhLjyh) j ehil L bgW bfhl

(khwur) j br = j jiyah; bgh fiu fl = fhF k
RkJ fiu fod (mthW btia bfhl nrhH) nrhHl njhw
mur j jiyJ k RkJ fhF fiu fod vgJ fUJ;

10. ruj = thik; gu = ik; ruj gu ra gil = cik

ik cila btia jU kGtha Mjgil; fj mnlf =
Noa lij; jJy = jj cy vwj fhu; murUila
bfhLikah cyf jjJ vgJ fUJ.

11. _btGfh = UgnjhU jiyKiw; vnfhfis = vts bga

murfis, guRuhk jh btw ehLfis mehL mur Kofis
fhgUF bfhLf mt gugiu tj nrhHUF mit cikahd.
guRuhk UgnjhU jiyKiw murfis btwt. mt = ehLf.

12. tu kiy = viyaha nkUkiy; jh Ntu = jh R tUjF;

Muf gubkhU ntif vwJ udha bfhoia; bad
bfho uid itjtf nrhHf; W uf = iybgW fhf.

13. CL mgu mlf = ilna cs Mfha mlFgoahf; msht (Mfha

tiu) bry mlTl = mlf; bghU= xUF; Tl =
fhgod.

14. bgUkh = mur; muriu Ukh vd brhtJ ku. Uil kdiu

fh Ukhiy fnlnd vg - vdnt bgUkh vgJ nrhH
kdid FjJ vf. (midtiu Mgtuha); uhruhrnrhH;
wur = Knghf tUth, Ufl = bga fl. cyh tj murid
fhQjF Nj bgf jkFns iy ghUf, th ghUf, Kur
ghUf, Ko ghUf, bfho ghUf vW MuthuL mHid fhf.

82
 yfz
1. thY khif - vQik; vkUF - KWik

2. khlK MluF - vQik; brFW, MluF - idbjhiff;

Ra ghf - bgabur.

3. ka, z, tz, ca - idbarf.

4. brw iy - bgabur; fh - Vt idKW.

5. nrhzhL - nrhHehL vgj k%c bkh, lth - bgabur.

6. kbaJ, thbdJ - ulh ntWik bjhiff; F g - br

vD thghL bgabur.

7. ng, KJ Kur - gbjhiff

9. ngh Kur - VHh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif; jiu =

MFbga (MsbgW ehoF MtjJ)

10. gil guRuhk - ulh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif.

11. bghU Fil, tU bgUkh - br vD thghL bgaburf.

12. Xa - xUbghU gbkh.

13. caul - id bjhif.

M. Untfljjh
ya tiffS xW mjhahF. mj vw brhYF W
vW M vw brhYF Kj vW bghU. xbthU ghlY cs W
vGnjh, mirnah, nuh monah mjF mLJ tU ghl Kjyhf tUgo
mikJ ghLtJ mjh vdgL. jid brhbwhliy vW tHFtJ
cL.

Untfl nfh bfhoUF Ukh mUis nto

ghlbgw mjh . Mjyh jid UntflJ mjh vW TWt.
iyghoat isbgUkh Iafh Mth. 17 M who
njha t mHa kzthsjhr vd miHfglh. bjtfP vW
bghUgL af vw bgauhY tiu miHjd. t aa vL
f bjhFia mZlugj vd TWt. mZlugj fwt miu
goj vD gHbkh f cait ygLJ tj ghlf
brhnehF bghUnehF bjhil nehF eilnehF bfhL xwd.
.. 1623 Kj 1659 tiu kJiuia Ml Ukiy ehaf kd mit
X mYtyuh mkJ thif el tj t d iwbjho jik
<LgL bfhlh.

83
 Untfl jjh
ghj tF
Unt flJ iybgW wd; widah
jUnt flJ jiunk dljd; jhw
cUnt flJ Fsnj Ujd; wiHf
tUnt flJ arby nwhod kh fHny. 1

g
khiy kF <rD nghjD thrtD
iy kF KtU njtU neha
fhiy kFit njJ Ukiy, ifkiyah
ntiy kF bgUkh ciwU ntflnk. 2

ntfl khiy mah ks nfaf

Mfl khiya kh it njhkt nrtonf
fl khiy fid njh; anj
ahfl khiy uhtj nk UFknj. 3

Ufh uzbrhY bkbghU gK bkbghUF

fUfh uzKe whe wij fr brt
bgUfh uz wiytD kh bgUbjtK
kUfh uz bghtl ntfl khatnd. 4
is bgUkh Iafh
mUbrhbghU
1. flJ = (fn#u vD) kjahid; cW (Kjiyah) JgkilJ;
wid = ifnf; jUnt flJ = kuf ntw fho; cUntf =
cUtijila vf; jJF = Mgij xgjF; fH = Uto.
2. g = C; (Ukh ciw Ujy); khiyk = khiy neu njhW
iwkia jj; F = jiyk; nghj = uk; thrt = u; iy
kF = rhufis Muh; m = khiy; kF = m; VJ =
JF; ifkiyah = iffsha kiyfsh; ntiy = fl (F; ghfl)
kF = fil

3. mf M fl = clyha fhL; mah = mizahj; k sF = Phd

sF, F ml = w Jaiu mf; flkh = kjdh kafKila;
Iuhtj = udJ ahid; anj = ij l wjnjh?

mfkh fl Miya M, mah ksF V, ntfl khiy itnjh;

F ml mt nrtonf fkhiy idnjh; ah flkh Iuhtj V
UFkJ anj? vd iaJ ff.

84
4. UF Muz = UF ntj; vbghU = vyh bghUf; fUfhuz
= cg fhuz; fr = jhkiu ky; M bghUa; mzF = Ukf;
kUfh mz bgh = kzK nkfK bghUJ nrhiy; khat = Ukh.

yfz
1. wid - gbjhif; jhw - idbjhif; kh fH - Mwh
ntWikbjhif; fH - (UtoF M tjJ) jhahFbga.

2. khiyk - VHh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif; kF

- ulh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif; <rD nghjD -
vQik; m fhiy - cik bjhif, ifkiy - cUtf; kF -
kF vgj ilFiw; ciwntfl - idbjhif.

3. ksF - cUtf; mah ksF - <Wbfl vkiw bgabur; nrto

- gbjhif; idnjh - jik gik idKW; f idnjh -
ulh ntWikbjhif.

4. UF Muz - UbgabuhL gbjhif; ewh - gbjhif;

ntfl khat - VHh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif;
bgUbjt - gbjhif; ehF ghlfY g l bgWsJ.

. kJiu fygf
gytif tzK kzK iwj kyfis bjhLJ foa khiyia
fjg vg. mJnghy gytif cW gytif gh ghdfS gytif
bghUS fyJ brabgW ya tifia fygf vw bgauh
tHd. fjg vgJ fygf vW jjhf fUJt lhl c.nt.rh.

fy - guL, gf - m gh (MW); gbdL cWf cilajhf

ghlgLtJ fygf. atF, mkhid, Fw , kw, bfhah Kjad m
gbdL cWf MF. j njha Kj fygf e fygf vg.

kJiu fygf kJiu khef nfh bfhLs mUF

mfaf cldha brhfehj bgUkhid ghLil jiytuhf bfhL
ghlgl . iy ghoat gndHh who thj FkuFUgu Mth.
wjJ Kj IjhL tiu ngrhj FHijah UJ d Ubr KUf
bgUkh UtUsh ngRw bgwt FkuFUgu. mt aa dhaik
is j, is j ya tif f wj xW vg. fj f
btgh, fh fygf, KJ Fkhurh is j, rfyfyht khiy,
be sf Kjad t aa ntW y f MF. FkuFUgu
brf jw mt ndhir MF. j J tUF Uj
m mslfaJ. t jiH bjtij Uffshf bfhL thj
Jwahth.

85
 nkfL J
Vkbt bgWf yhabt bgWky
ahry bjW Kiwth
nfhkf fgkJ nurK rfts
Tl brW f
jhkiu fLY khbyd rjk
rhu WR Kfh
khk Riu njF FRK
thkL Jblh tnj.
- FkuFUgu

mUbrhbghU
Vkbt = nkUkiy; Vk = bgh; kJiubrhnfr kyahry Vkbtig
fyha btig nghwbjW m vGjUUgh; kyahry = bgh
kiy; nfhkfF mg = muaha jlhjif uhoF fzt; rjk rhu =
rjd kuf f kiyrhu; kR = iw yh; ghtif: vG fbeoyo
Ma Uj.

ghl jiy Twhf lbgWsJ.

rj : jhdd jjjd jhdd jjjd
jhdd jj jddh

J ya ya tiff ffbgw xW. jh U

jiytDF jiy J Lgjhf mikJbfhL, ngrhj bghUfis
ngRtJ nghy vGs J f midJ bkhfY fhzlwd.
tlbkhfP fhjhr vGa nkf rnjr cyf f bgwjhF. ghlY
K L J MF.

yfz
fyha bt - UbgabuhL gbjhif; mry - fhuzbga;
Krf - g bjhif; JRK, iu nj F, tsTl - id
bjhiff; kR - Mwh ntWik bjhif; khk - cbrh bjhl;
iunj - ulh ntWik bjhif.

<. KTl gS
g vgJ gskhd ebr yfis mF bragL cHid
FF. Mfnt gS cHt ghLF bgauhf tjJ. gS ya
tiffS xW.
nr bkhah br sJ
njj ntlhJ FjJ njh
ybdd bkhg yDz njhnuh

86
 vgJ bjhfha. bjhfha FL vL tif xwhd
y vD ya tif gS tif yaF bghUJ vg.

UbentF J tlH jbghUie, whW, nfhjluhk MW

Ma _W MWfS fyF lF tlnf cs KTl. mFs
iwtdha mHf J ghlglJ KTlgS MF.

irt itztfis xUizF ya bfhl yhf KTl

gS bjwJ.

cHtf thif ffis Rit bgw brhY ya

gS. _jg, isag FLg tunthL mt bgUik Tw, ehLts,
Fnfl, kiH nto tgl, kiHFnahj, M tu Kjyhd gy
cWfis bgwJ gS yakhF. J UjK gutu J ghl bgW.
iy aat dh vd magliy. njha fhyij
gndHh whL vg.

bjfiu ehL ts
fha flJ Na fh;
fyf flJ btj fl.
kha flJ ehif thu;
kWf flJ thR bts.
rha flJ fhFiy brbe;
jg flJ jhgj cs.
nja flJ ciuL rjd;
ty kif bjfiu ehnl.
mUbrhbghU
jfl = j fof; kWFj = RHYJ; thR bts =
mfkhd RjYl XotU bgUbts.

bt fh; tW fhahJ. j fyF; kf kdfyfh. ehif thu

kh; kf gah khah. kW xLtJ bts; kf kW thlh. jiy rhJ
gJ brbe; kf jiy Fah. jhgj jUg; fzt kida
juh. njtJ rjdnk; m br bghU nj uhJ vW bghU
bfhf.
yfz
btj - gbjhif; fha, kha - bgaburf; ehif thu -
cik bjhif; ciuL rjd - br vD thghL bgabur;
jhgj cs - Mwh ntWik bjhif; brbe - gbjhif, R bts -
idbjhif.

87
 g
I. Wdh:

1. cyh vgj bghUis sFf.

2. xlTj - bgafhuz jUf.

3. mjh - sFf.

4. khfH wghf af TWtd ahit?

5. fygf - bgafhuz jUf.

6. KTl TL MWf ahit?

7. gS bjhfha TW vLtif tdfS vjF bghUJ?

II. bgUdh:

1. is bgUkh Iafh g FbgGJf.

2. uhruhr nrhH , th, KuR, bfho, Fil FJ Twgld ahit?

3. bgUkh ciw Untflg FJ isbgUkh Iafh TWtd

ahit?

4. jiy nkfl bkhj Jbkhf ahit?

5. bjfiu eho ts FJ KTlgS ciugdtiw vGJf.

III. yfz F tiuf:

brFW ng tUbgUkh Ra ghf

nghKur nrhzhL fh khiyk

jhw mfhiy ifkiy ntflkhat

nrto mah ksF

IV. J z jUf:

fnfho kbaJ ng jbr

snf nrto bgUbjt bjfiu

V. gFgj cWyfz jUf:

f ciuL idnjh flJ

eljd wd fh miHf

neh

88
VI. il njf:
1. f rfut, fuhrr vbwyh fHgLgt.
m) fg M) xlTj ) snfhtof
2. af vw bgauh miHfgLgt
m) is bgUkh Iafh M) xlTj
) FkuFUgu
3. j njha Kj fygf
m) kJiu fygf M) e fygf ) fh
fygf
4. `y vD ya tif
m) fyg M) gS ) cyh
5. gbdL cWfsh ghlgL ya
m) fygf M) cyh ) gS
6. `ugj vD tlbrh czJ bghU
m) eifRit M) eF flglJ ) miu
7. KTl gSFa ghtif
m) Jgh M) Magh ) tgh

VII. bghUJf:
- Ma
uhruhrnrhHDyh - isbgUkh Iafh
Untfljjh - FkuFUgu
kJiu fygf - Ma bga bjaiy
KTl gS - xlTj
- fhiufhyikah.

VIII. bkhw tsg:

1. yf brW fguhkhaz cl fhaf ehLts vthW
TwgLsJ vW mJ Wf. ehLts ghlf ytiw
bjhFf.

2. jya tirf ntWy ya fis Rit njJ kf.

3. giHaJ L J ifiy L J Kja ijahd bgafisila

J f ytiw E Ma _y mf.

89
IX. mJ bfhf.

ukhKt TW 96 tif yaf:

1. rhjf 33. btfuij kr 65. jrhfgJ
2. isj 34. nghbfG t 66. jrhf ja
3. gu 35. tuyhW t 67. mur Uj
4. fygf 36. brUfs t 68. eadgJ
5. mfbghU nfhit 37. fh khiy 69. gnahju gJ
6. Iiz br 38. beh khiy 70. ghjh nfr
7. tUf nfhit 39. ciPkhiy 71. nfrh ghj
8. Kknfhit 40. Jig khiy 72. myfhu grf
9. mfkhiy 41. thifkhiy 73. ifis
10. mlkfy 42. tnjhuzkr 74. kfy tis
11. mEuhfkhiy 43. vbr 75. J
12. uilk khiy 44. bjhifiy br 76. ehgJ
13. izkkhiy 45. xa mjh 77. FHkf
14. etk khiy 46. gwjh 78. jhlf
15. ehk khiy 47. wjh 79. gf
16. ehkkhiy 48. cyh 80. rjf
17. gyrj khiy 49. cyhkl 81. brac
18. fygfkhiy 50. tskl 82. thiw thJ
19. kkhiy 51. xUgh xUg~J 83. wiy thJ
20. f khiy 52. Ugh Ug~J 84. gtfhj
21. bgUkkhiy 53. MWgil 85. FwghL
22. tUjkhiy 54. fgil iy 86. cHghL
23. bk khiy 55. Jbyil iy 87. Cr
24. fhkhiy 56. bgair 88. vGTUif
25. ntkhiy 57. Cir 89. foif btgh
26. trj khiy 58. bga neir 90. d
27. jhuif khiy 59. C neir 91. Uj yfz
28. cgt khiy 60. C btgh 92. KJfh
29. jhidkhiy 61. sf iy 93. abkh thJ
30. Kkkhiy 62. wiy 94. bgUkfy
31. jlf khiy 63. filiy 95. bgUfha
32. ubtkhiy 64. ifaWiy 96. Wfha

rJufuh ukhKt FL 96 tif yaf it.

tW Twglhj ytiw yfz f FLwd.

90
 6. kWky ghlf
gHikia Muh VW bfhtJ Jikia VW bfhs
jaFtJ eilna goJ lF gghF. ku ifahd mGjUJ
ekh v LglKoahikna jfhd fhuzkhF. ku bgauh fhyF
xthj kLfis ehbjhlJ ngh bfhnl tUnwh. jifa
nghFfis e yafY fhnwh. Mdh fhynfg ya
jhd ghit nghF kh bfhnl tUwd. md kh tUtij
ekh wjs ayhJ.
gHik gHik baW
ghtid ngr y
gHikUj iy - na
ghku Vjth.
vW ghoa ghuUJ ya kWky bjhlFwJ vdyh.
kWky ghtyf f_ojdkhf kuig jho brYgtfSky.
mgona gHik mGJgtfS my. mtf ghit J; ghL bghUS
J; eil J; ya ehlK cfS ad. mtj yaf
bra kuf wgLtJ r_f mtyfis njhYgJ fG. khDlghL
bena kWky ghlf c eho vdyh.
m) khiyfhy tUzid
ghl ghuah ghrh rgj csJ. kha NDF kd
za ghltf, mdhF gaz wgLwhf. gazilna
khiyfhy Xl jFwhf. mbghGJ mthd mHF
fhfis vyh mRd ghrhl TWwh. mRd TW mthd
tUiz xU gFna ekF ghlkhf tJsJ.
gh; Rl gia NHnt glK;
vjid g bltd? Xnfh!
vdo! jtd af
vjid tot! brGbgh fh
l Xilf! btik njhwhnk
vL jf f! ghuo!
y bghiff mllh y
td bkh vjid tifao!
vjid brik! gRik fUik
vjid ! fa bgUbgU j!
y bghif jL jf
njhf! Rlbuh bghfiu l
fUf uf! fhzo, MF
jf fy jhgy jF
Ufl! MAh! vF nehoD
xu! xu! td fsa!
- . Ruka ghuah

91
 (thdij flyhf nkf Tlfis nuhilahf, jf fshf,
bghifahf, njhahf, fyfshf cUtJ TW mHid
mJ kf!)

F:
tlbkh, ahr aa kfhghuj fij tU ghrh, Jnahjd
rig brj NSiuia ikakhf bfhL, ghuah FWfhaij
gilJsh. ghrh e ghujjh; Jnahjd Tl e ehil
moikgLUj btisa; ghltf - miwa ghuj kf vW,
gogt vQkhW ghrhrgj ghlbgWsJ.

ghuah ghrhrgj, miH rUf, Njhl rUf, moik

rUf, JYjrUf, rgj rUf Ma IJ rUffis bfhLsJ.

ghlgF, miH rUf csJ. vagjf, vaeil, v

mJ bfhs Toa rj, bghJ #df U bkL, tidila
fhabkhW jfhyny brJ jUnth, ekJ jhbkhF J
jUnthdhwh. XuL tUJ gHfKs jkf vnyhUF
eFbghU sFgo vGJtJl fhaJFs eaf FiwglhkY
elJj ntL.

fha fbgJ, vdJ wik J. Mirah jid vG

btLnw. wUF Mjrkhf mW; tfhoahf! vW ghuah
ghrh rgjF vGs Kfiu jidFa wj gFahF.

Ma F:
ghliy ghoat

ekF bjh fij ehoFiHj

ikbghGJ nrhuh Uj

vD bfhif KHfl kfhf Ruka ghuah Mth. t 1882

M ML, org f 11M eh JFo khtlJ vlau wjh.
t bgnwh drh Ia; yF mkh. sik bga Ruka.
siknyna ghid Mw bgUjikah, fiykf vD bghU jU
ghu vD w bga bgwh.

j eho jyt xUt iybaD tir f tJ njhat

ghuah. mt, ghL wjhny j itafij ghl brjt.
gojf fuLKulhd eil nj lj jiH gyU goj
tif, va, a ghfshf toJ cytlt ghuah.

t bjUbtyh j KHf brf br vd njkJu

jnHhir cyfbkyh gu tif brj ntL vd jbkh gul
iHj j ghty Mth.

92
 Mf Ljiy, bgLjiy, rKjha Ljiy, Kjyhd Ljiyfis
csla ehLLjiyia iHj Ljiy fP Mth.

Ugjh who ya kWkyF l t. fzghL,

ghrh rgj, FghL vD KbgU ghlfis, ehLgW,
bkhgW rKjha Uj cz CLw Wfzfhd
ghlfis ghoanjhL mikahJ Phduj, juhR Kjyhd ciueil
yafis gilJ jHidF tsnrjt Mth.

j, My, rkUj, , tfhs, buR, mu Kjyhd

gybkhf yik bgUj j khf ahkj bkhfny jbkhngh
jht bjF fhnzh vd gho jbkh bgUikia cyfa
brjt. brh ca j brhny - mijbjhGJ golo ghgh vd
ghghF TWtJngh gyUF T jgiw tsj khbgU fPuhth.

mUbrhbghU
g = Na; td = mHF; K = nkf; bghif = (khDluh
Mfglhj) iy; (F nkf) Ufl = yfl (F thd) fsa =
bjhF.

yfz
glK - idbjhif; brGbgh, bgUj, fUfu -
gbjhiff, jf, jfnjh, bghfiu, jf fy -
cUtff; Rlbuh - idbjhif.

g
I. Wdh:
1. ghuah g WF vGJf.
2. ghrh rgj g WF vGJf.
3. nkfTlf vthbwyh cUtf brabgWwd?
II. beLdh:
1. ghuah fhL mthd tUzidia bjhFJ tiuf.

III. yfz F tiuf:

glK brGbgh jffy

IV. J z TWf:

brGbgh bgUj fUfu Ufl.

V. bkhw tsg:

fl flfh, kiyfh nghwtiw tUJ xUgf ms

fLiu tiuf.

93
 M) jf rhiy*
kjbuyh m be fhgjF
kndhght thidngh tilJ
jkj jJtkh Uis ngh
rfkf xbwg JztjF,
jh vGj ca vzbkyh
yFtJ ytjU Rtorhiy;
jKW kfJ th nto
jf rhiyntL eho ahL. 1

jHF jbkh Rtorhiy

rtfyh rhiyia ngh vF ntL
jyh wbkh midJ ey
jHh thf jUj ntL.
mKjngh brj fij f
mHath ciueil mikj f
RikRikah nrfJ gfiynr
JiwJiwah jL itj ntL. 2
- ghujhrdh
F:
ghl, ghujhr fij bjhF xW vD l bgWsJ.
jfrhiy vgJ iya vW tH tHfgLwJ. jfrhiy
vD jiy mikJs ghlfS uL ghlf F ghlkhf
itfbgWsd.

Ma F:
ghliy ghoat,
njbdhF brjnH! f!
eh !
ntbwd ntL ?
vdjGz,
vf gift vnfh kiwjh
Fs jHf xwhj fnl
vd dz,
cW! cW! xnw rKf
vW vzhF W! W!
vd rKjha cz bfHghoa ufP ghntj ghu jhrdh Mth.

94
 ghujhrdh 29-4-1891 Jit wjh. t bgnwh fdfrig;
yF mkh. tUila abga, fdf Rud. ghuah Jit
thjbghGJ mtUl e bfhL, mtJ bfhl m fhuzkhf j
bgaiu ghujhr vd idJ bfhlh.

t, FLg sF, Ul L, jaf, ghoa gR, iraKJ,

mH , fz u fha, uhijah (ehlf) Kjyhd
bjhWF nkyhd fis ash.

ehL, bkh, d, rKjha Uj, aif Kjyhdtiw ghL

bghUshf bfhL taa f wth gfsaf. brjiH
brG jHhf fhz mthf bfhl t, vdUj ehof vyhU
f ff ntL vd iHjh.

vyhF vyh vW Ugjhd

l neh elwJ j ita

fyhiu fhQfh f efh

frlF Fku mnf clh.

vd vrjh.

vikdh xU jH

goiy vwh Fs vyhU

ehl ntL.

vWgho, f fW bfhLf ntoaj aikahikia

czJwh. Mjyh fnahL fghnuhL bjhlila jf
rhiy mUikbgUikfis njitid czJ ghlf F
itfbgWsd.
mUbrhbghU
kndhght = csghF; jkj jJt = jdy ngQj; rfkf=
cl thG kf; xW = Xd; yFtJ = sFtJ; Rto = ; Rtorhiy =
yf; rtfyh rhiy = gfiyfHf;
* ghtif : vfbeoyo Ma Uj.

yfz
vyh - vyh vgj bjhFj fhu; mbe - UbgabuhL
gbjhif; J - mLFbjhl; ca vz - idbjhif;
Rtorhiy - ulh ntWik cU gaD clbjhf bjhif; jyh
wbkh - <Wbfl vkiw bgabur; brj - gbjhif; jUj,
itj - bjhbgaf; RikRikah, Jiw Jiwah - mLF bjhlf.

95
 g
I. Wdh:

1. ghntj w, bgnwh g F tiuf.

2. ghntj fS eh bga vGJf.

3. ehblF jfrhiy V ntL?

II. bgUdh:

1. Rto rhiy Ufntoa f ahit?

III. beLdh:

1. jfrhiy vD jiy ghntj jU fUJfis bjhFJ vGJf.

IV. yfz F tiuf:

mbe cavz J jUj.

V. J z jUf:

xbwg vzbkyh jyh

brj jL gfiyf

VI. il njf:
1. ghujhr abga
m) JiuuhR M) vuhr ) Rud
2. rha mfhbj gR bgw
m) uhijah M) ghoa gR ) FLgsF
3. ghujhr btl j
m) njkiH M) F ) bjw
4. th brikia brgt na vw ghliy j thjhf
VW bfhLs muR
m) jehL muR M) Jit muR ) buR muR
VII. bkhw tsg
1. vD bghUjU gybrhf mf:
VL, Xiy, Rto, F, gDt, jf
2. jfrhiy vD bghU jU gy brhf mf:
glhu, ruRt glhu, jf glhu, Vlf, Rtorhiy,
Rtoaj, yf, iya.

96
 ) fhL

Kj, beU, f
Kdu, xiwghil
cF th, f
caku, mk uJ
bfhJ fhyhL
bfhofsh, btnah, f
cf bthzh a
kufj nfhil fhnl! 1

Kjiy cl tzngh
Kku gil! f
jbuyh uil nghit
iunaho brj M
Kjid mF brnyh
KGtu f! jhF
kjiyf GJ! bf
kufj nfhit brfh! 2

iljngh JL, nrhW

ilfhj nghJ nrh
eLbjU thG ViH
ekt nghy thd
bfhLjngh JL bt
bfhSJngh njW nrh
mLjt Fj ehS
mntW lF fhnl! 3
- fPnuW thjhr.
ghujhr gugiu vwiHfgL, ghty jiyKiw tUgt
fPnuW thjhr. JitiaaLj a} 22-7-1915 muf
UfhK - Jsakh izaF kfthf wjh. tF bgnwh l
bga mufrh vw vuhrY vgjhF.

t, ghntj ghujhrl bjhlf f gwt. mbjhlf

fna ghid jGzF bjhlfkhW. tj ghlf, rha

97
mfhbj btl j fij fsa vw Y bjbkhf jf
btpL fHf btl Jj fkyf vw Y kW ggy
bjhF fY l bgWsd. cUa, My Kja bkhf t
ghlf bkh bgafgLsd. t buRbkhY yik bgwt. j
- buR ifafu Kj vw iy btLsh. buR FoauRjiyt
tUF `brtha vw Uid tH csh. nkY fPnuW, ghty k
Kja glfS thjhrDF tHfgLsd.

aif id tUila ghlf wJ sFtij fhzyh.

vdnt tiu jHf ntt vW ghuhLwd. ghl
vnyha vw f sFwJ. fPnuW thjhr 7-8-1974
aif vdh.

mUbrhbghU
xiwghil = xiwaoghij; btnah = fut; iunaho =
cSF mfgL; Kj = nt (nf moku) br = xUtif fiuah;
nrh = thlKW.

yfz
Kj - ulh ntWik cU gaD cl bjhf bjhif; caku
- idbjhif; btnah f- cik bjhif; Kku - idbjhif,
fj -Mwh ntWik bjhif.

g
I. Wdh:

1. fPnuW thjhr g W F tiuf.

II. beLdh:

1. fhL vw jiy fPnuW thjhr ciugdtiw vGJf.

III. yfzF tiuf:

Kj bfhJ Kku btnahf

IV. Jz jUf:

Kdu bfhJ tuf kugil

mntW.

98
 <) fd

ciueil fdjh fij; XF

czf fdjh mlf; fhj
tunt fdjh bg ehz;
khif fdjh Foir ahF;
cikf fdjh rl l;
czf fdjh glhF;
mua fdjh unl f;
mDgt fdjh f. 1*

ngnuhL fnHhL th tjF

ngunt Jiz; ehbk nyhU
nuhL wnghL tht jF
fdnk Jiz; gfL thif
uh nghwJth; f djh
%iw nghwJth; fdij
ntnuhL bgabjJ tWik W
mGjtf gyng UL. 2

jhuhs kdghik vW brh

jngh gzijbayh bry brj
uhj tWikF jh; th
fdjh xUtDF wj brhjh;
uhf brlhf xnth ehS
fdkh bgahngh thJ tjh
ghuhf G kiH nghy
gbrW Jgbkyh j nghF. 3
- ctik fP Rujh.
ghwh fbygJ vJif neh ghuhf vd tJsJ.
ghlf vlh cyfj khehL ky l bgWsd.
Ma F :
ghlfis aat ctik fP Rujh.
F jny

99
 KJ Kjh ghl brjt - UtSt
nj nghny F jny.....
vW bjhlF ir ghkhiyia UtStUF Noat.
id brhf ntWikia Vgiy
btW ghil j rf nrgiy
vd Ukzkfis thJbghGJ,
uil s ngh iznj thGf
jh bghUiy............
vd gho, ctik ku Jikfis nrjt.
ghbgyh iana ghj khf
gagL bfhSw fhuzjh
ghF ghj vdng lh
ghj vgijna ehbknyhU
ghbgW TWnwh.
ma miulnt cj fiy
mf vnwh
nrhf juhjt mnrhf
thbwyh gho, ghfny gy brhyhfSF lt.
ghntj ghujhr jiykhzhfuha t, Uth% khtlJ
kdhFoF gfYs giHa} wjt. t abga uhr nfhghy.
ghntj J bfhl mgh j bgaiu Rudjhr vd khbfhL
mjid RU, Rujh vd idJ bfhlh.

t njkiH, JiwKf, RtU Rzh, Rujh fijf

Kjyhd fij fis gilJsh. Wfzfhd jghlfis iu
irghlfis ghosh.

t, jHf air ehlfkw tHL fiykhkgl bgwt.

tUila njkiH jHf mu j tsJiw gir bgWsJ.

thG ghtyuha Rujh, jHf cy gdUj

ghtyfSFjiyik ghty; tfho. jHf muR tHa ghntj id
gid bgw Kjghty tnu.
mUbrhbghU
gfL thif = Mlgukhd thif; brL = fd (jFnfw
bry). ghtif; v fbeoyo Ma Uj.

100
 yfz
rll - cik bjhif; - ulh ntWik cU
gaD cl bjhf bjhif; UW - Mwh ntWik bjhif; -
mLFbjhl; uhj - vkiw bgabur.

g
I. Wdh:

1. fP Rujh g WF tiuf.

2. Rujh vD idbga vthW tjJ?

3. Jg vthW jnghF?

II. bgUdh:

1. ctik fP Rujh vbttiw fd vd goLsh?

2. fdjh tU gaf ahit?

3. Rujh X ctik fP vgij ghlfUJ rhW fho

sFf.

III. beLdh:

1. fd vD jiy fP Rujh TWtdtiw bjhFJ vGJf.

IV. yfz F jUf:

ngnuhL fnHhL ngu uhj

V. Jz jUf:

FoirahF ngu tWikW uhf

VI. mia RLf:

ghuhf G kiH nghy
gbrW Jgbkyh j nghF
VII. bkhw tsg

j fd, rhu fd, vbghU fd Matiw

tWJ sgu bjhlf, Wfijf vG gHFf.

101
 c) kj nea

nj! nj! cyf kf

ijny xiy! gyiu nf
rF nghbjyh UL Fns
jiyFJ gny k vgh!
KJw czfS F, e
Kelf tfho vtU
rny wh! Cf Co
rahf telj flik vng! 1

bjhWbjhL tUw moik

bjhiyaL! MLw bfhLik kL
W lh MLw Wik F!
beUgizjh bfhgsf iy vng
fWFu nflgR nghy khwh
fjWtij nfll m brjh
btWtU kjFy! bfhY w
ntWikia jfbj kj nea! 2
- My nfh. nkhfduf.

ghlf, fP, ey cyf ehis kyU vW fij

bjhF csd.
Ma F :
fP My nfh. nkhfduf 1-6-1942 bridia mLj
My wjt. t bgnwh k.nfhgh; nfh.dhgh.

thG fPuhd t, vzw ir ghlfis fij ehlffis

gilJsh. tUila ka vf fhyo vD fij bjhF
jHf mu gid bgWsJ. thbdh, bjhiyfh, ghtufnkil
tW VnjD xwD t j xJ bfhnl UF.

mUbrhbghU
ij= cs; F = FiwJ; r = bjUf TLl; MLw =
moikgLJw; MLw = moikgLw; Wik - .

102
 yfz
nj - jik xUik idKW; fWFu - Mwh ntWik
bjhif; jiyFJ - ulh ntWik bjhif.

g
I. beLdh:

1. kjnea g fP My nfh. nkhfduf TWtdtiw

bjhFJ vGJf.

II. gFgj cWyfz jUf.

FJ wh MLw nfl

III. bkhw tsg

kjnea vgJ brhygLtjW; mJ bragLtJ. jhK brJ
wiu bra LtJ. dh brjhF ant brj; brhngRj;
ifkhW fUjhJ wUF cjj; fth bghWj; brifg brhbghWF
g; it nghtd kj neagfsh; gf kj, bkh, d, flJ
kj Fy vw xiwna neh btgLkh mJnt kj neakhF
vgjid czJ cz thH ggUtnyna KgLf.

103
 C) ntiyfsy ntfns!

_iy lF thgnd - d
KJyh ntiyia njLwh!
ghiy tdjh thifbad - btW
gy vjF ghLwh?
btWif vgJ _ljd - c
uf gJ _yjd!
fUf ghiw behW G - c
iff RHW tU! 1

fil uiy l ka
Fil vgij vLJbrh - c
RL u efkh thd
RUa bjW KH brh
njhf cdJ bjhrhiy -
bjhLl bkyh kynrhiy!
njhf VJ cdiy -
bjhLth djh c viy! 2

fhef a nfhLf tna

fif J XotU - c
njhf uL bjF tlfh
JUt fSF ghyL!
kG ty khlnd - c
kht fhL thlnk!
Y kY isfns - it
ntiyf sy; ntfns! 3
- jhuh ghu.
F :
ghl, fP jhuh ghu J vf HF vD fij
bjhF csJ.

Ma F :
fP jhuh ghu 26-2-1947 Utzhkiy khtl Ftis vD
wjh. bgnwh U. Jiurh; Zg mkh. 34 MLf Mauhf
gah, t eyhaUfhd lhl uhjhUZz UJ bgwt. wj
fPuhd t a oaf, uE btrf, ia wF
bghrh, bdhU fu Kjyhd fij fis gilJsh. gntW
gRfis UJfis btWs fP 13-5-2000 aif vdh.

104
 mUbrhbghU
_ljd = mahik; _yjd = KjL.

yfz
ghLwh - Kiy xUik idKW; btWif- g bjhif;
uf gJ njhfuL - KWikf; fUf - g bjhif; ghiw -
ca wik.

kynrhiy - ulh ntWik cU gaD bjhfbjhif; bjhLthd

- idbjhif.

fif J - vQik; bjF tlfh - Kubjhil; kht -

cbrhbwhl; Y kY - vQik.

g
I. beLdh:

1. _iy lF thgl jhuhghu TW miufis bjhFJ

vGJf.

II. gFgj cWyfz jUf:

njLwh KH RHW RUa

III. J z jUf:

fUf cdiy

105
 v) Ff

fhk gwF
gUiffSF dh
miy tfSF
E mkU
jlh fis of
neu vJ?

f btsUJ
fiunaw JoF
tfSF
kiH
fhj fg l
X VJ?

thifna
tfnshL
fzh_ MLnghJ
tf vgo
fzh_ MLthf?
g f
ggukh ltf
ggu RWtbjnf?

j dW ta
tflUJ
isahLfis gJ bfhlJ ah?
fis Vj ntoa
j bka fhf
thif ghuij
VitjJ ah?

gyg of ntoa
dW uf
Ff

106
 btrij fF gUt
ahUila btrfhfnth
tfns
Ffsh lhfns!

vfhy xsFf
vW
DF thijfis
ngRwtfns
tf ffhynk
fJ nghlij
fhziyah f?

tUl jtwhk
FHijf dij
bfhlhLwtfns!
dfis bfhlhLtij
L L
FHijfis vnghJ
bfhlhl nghf?

- fnfh mJ uFkh.
ghl fP mJ uFkh RLu vD fij bjhF
csJ.

Ma F :
fP mJuFkh 1937 kJiu wjt. thG fPuhd
t ku fij nt ghjt; Jfij ky ghjt vW
ghuhlgLgt. Jik kzfkG t gilf gy. gh, neaUg,
brhjiwf, fiufns eahtiy, yFf yhj fij vgd
mtW y. thagho yha fiyf jnguhauhf UJ
X bgw t, jHf mu ghujhr UJ, jgfiy fHf j
mid UJ Kjyhd UJfis bgw bgUikFat.
(cynfh midtiu bgUftiy MUF, FHij
bjhyhs vD rKjha Fiwghoid, ghl rhLwJ. Mj
bghUbtgil)

107
 yfz
E - Mwh ntWikbjhif; f bts, gfW, ggu,
bka fh, Wu, Ff - cUtff.

g
I. Wdh:

1. WtfSF jlh of neuyhjJ V?

2. WtfSF fhj fg l XyhjJ V?

3. FHij bjhyhsf V fzh_ Ml ayiy?

4. FHij bjhyhsf V ggu R isahl Koaiy?

II. beLdh:
1. FHij bjhyhs mty iyia fP mJ uFkh TWkhW
bjhFJ tiuf.

III. yfz F tiuf:

E fbts gfW

IV. J z jUf:

f fiunaw ggukh tfl F

V. il njf:

1. tlbkh ghuj ghoat

m) th M) ahr ) fhjhr

2. ghrh rgj cs rUff vif

m) 5 M) 7 ) 9

3. ekF bjh fij ehoF ciHj vW ghoat

m) ghujhr M) thjhr ) ghuah

4. Ugjh who ya kWkyF lt

m) ghuah M) ghujhr ) ehkf fP

5. brjiH brGjHhf fhz Uat

m) ghuah M) ghujhr ) fgjhr

6. buR FoauR jiytuh brtha Uid bgwt

m) ghujhr M) thjhr ) Koaur

108
 7. fPnuW, ghty k Kja glfis bgwt.

m) fP Rujh M) thjhr ) Koaur

8. Rujh fS j ts Jiw gid bgw

m) njkiH M) JiwKf ) RtU Rzh

9. j gfiy fHf jHid UJ bgw fP

m) mJ uFkh M) Rujh ) jhuhghu

10. ctik fP vd ghuhlglt

m) Ruka ghu M) Rujh ) fzjhr

VI. bghUJf.
1. - Ma
FghL - mJ uFkh
mH - Rujh
JiwKf - ghuah
gh - jhuh ghu
- ghujhr
2. ghl - fP
jfrhiy - Rujh
Ff - jhuhghu
fd - ghujhr
fhL - mJ uFkh
- thjhr
3. brhiy bghUis bghUJf.
Rto - fd
btnah - cs
brL - fut
ij - mahik
-

109
 7. tghLghlf

iwaUis nto ghLghlf tghL ghlf MF. iwt

bgUfUizwK viyyh MwY idJ nghbra gF
l bgW.

cs xUJ tghL br cybfyh l eybkyh

is vgJ rhnwh bfhif. mtut jjkJ mt tifah mtut
iwtid bjhHyh.

khj j ber vkj viw vW fUJwnjh mkj

miw vW mU bghtJ iwik jJt. mtznk mtut rhj
rkafgo iwtid bjhGJ ghoa ghlf tghLghlf vW
jugLsd.

F MW rkaf rhghd ghlf l bgWsd.

it mt rkajhuh XzJ wFiuJ tgl

bgwitahjyh Ubea j vgjF bjt xj vgjF
rhWfsh gd vdyh.
m. tbgUkh
fg fid fdfkh tiuia
fhk nfhgid fQj yhid
brhg jbghU Us WL
Ja nrhia btbz e
m jgH Mtz fho
moa dhvid MsJ bfhl
eg jije shwid mKij
eh ndkw bjid nfnd.
- Rju
M. Ukh
Mdhj brt juigaf jNH
thdhS brtK kzuR ahntnl
njdh nrhiy Unt flRid
dh wF ilna dhntnd.
- Fynrfu
. juh
yt j a uhz
cyf neh Danjh banfh

110
Fw bfLnjh brw brWnjh
Kw zj Kjth btnfh
fhk flnjh Vk khnah
be fLgif fonjh banfh
Mu thu jha Ujo
ehth uny VJt bjtndh.
- kJiu Tythf jiy rhjdh.
<. mUf
bghF rhkiu na
ilil af ul
f thrd UJ
bjbjh koy Hw
f KFil fg
njtj Ujit bjUs
mf tk jiwjh
mtj mtF mth
- ynf
c. naR bgUkh
f ghydh fh jyt jJ
kD tnfh ofbsyh thf kUt
jD g ahfK Yit jj
vD ghrdh _ia ar Lth
- v. V. UZzis
C. ef ehaf
fah Yiujf bgWth Fjf
ailth fyf kwnt
brahu bkbghUis ath kdDW
branf lf Lth
ahu bkhjbe kiweh DFbkhU
bghah j toth
eah Rtfg edh gjJizia
eLeh itj tfns.
- ckWyt

111
 m. tbgUkh

br mg, rgj, Rju Ma njthu _tU Rju j njtuh

gffW nj bragLsJ.

Rju njthu, gUUKiw it VHh UKiwahf

itfgLsJ.

Rju UKidgho eho Ueht njhdh. t bgnwh

riladh - ir Phah Mt. tj is Ubga eah%u vgjh.
t UKid gho ehilahl euf Kidaiua vw wurh kfik
bfhL tsfglh.

tbgUkh tiu j njhHuhf bfhlikah juh njhH vW

miHfgLwh. mj e cikia Rju njthu guf fhzyh.

t vGa Ubjhl bjhif vD iyna Kj}yhf bfhL

nrHh vGa Ubjhl uhz vGjJ.

t fhy .. xgjh who KgF.

mUbrhbghU
fgfid = ntLth ntoadtiw mgona tHF fgfku
nghwtid; fdf khtiu = bga bghkiy (nghwt); fhknfhg = fhkid
fhjt; brhgj bghU U = brh czJ bghU t clhF
kaf; MsJ bfhlt = Mbfhlt; Mtz = moiknahiy; btbz
e... MsJ bfhl.... tof tbgUkh eah%uiu jLjh bfhl
fF mfrhwhF.

yfz
fQj - yfz ngh; (K dhf bjhfJ) gHMtz -
gbjhif, brhgj - xUbghU gbkh.

M. Ukh
Mthf gUthuh mUsglJ ehyhua ugj vD
mUj gDt. Mth vD brhYF Mj mit fUahf
cilat vW vbgUkhDila kfy Fzf MHfhglt vW
bghU TWt.

Fynrfu Mth nruehL Ut fs njhat. t vGa

ghlf bgUkh Ubkh vdgL. mit bkhj 105 ghlfshF. ekJ
ghlgF bgUkh Ubkh ehfh g csJ.

Mthf mU braYF bga thrh is vgh ciu

vGsh. UthbkhF tlF U is vgh vGa <L vD
ngUiu MHK mfyK cilajhF.

112
 mUbrhbghU
Mdhj = Fiw glhj (bflhj) muigaf = (mHwj) njtkhjf; jNH =
jid NUf.

yfz
z mf:

th + MS - clnk ctJ xWtang.

j + NH - zd td tulw MF.

k + muR - jF KbdhW c t uL.

+ nrhiy - bga K d bkik njhW.

Mdhj - vkiw bgabur; jNH - ulh ntWikbjhif.

. juh
juhid nghW gF knkfiy vD W nj
bragLsJ.

knkfiy Ma kJiu Tythf jiy rhjdh

Mth. tiu jl Mrh rhj vW ft. ygfhu vGa
snfhtofS tU xj ed vd t nto bfhsnt
snfhtof ygfhuij vGdh vd TWt. t fhy . ulh
whL.

knkfiy j rka fhakhF. jF knkfiy Jw vW bga

cL. ~J u HbuLj fhij Kjyhf gtw mWbfdghit nehw
fhijpwhf KgJ fhijfisilaJ. ghlgF knkfyh bjt juhid
ngh brj gFahF.

mUbrhbghU
j = a; uhz = fgiHa; Fw = fhk btF kaff
Ma Fwf; Kwzj Kjt = ah cznjh (rtP) brw
brWnjh = bfhiy be jnjh. Vk = ghJfht (gK M) Mu =
rfufh; fonjh = Jwnjh; MaUjo = rfu nuifs Uto;
(juh ghj rfuhu rfu nuifL vg. j nuif mika bgnwh
bgU f bgwtuhf, juhf nghWjYFauhf sFt vg)
VJtJ = ngh brtJ; vt = vd (fnt)

yfz
be, fLgif - g bjhiff; vnfh - jik xUik idKW;
canjh, brWnjh = Kiy idKWf; czj Kjt- bgabur.

113
 <. mUf
mUfnjt thjhf mikj ghl ynfbaD fhaW
nj bragLsJ. tf jhkF fuhf fij Ritf iy
vGat dhbud maTliy. ynf bjUL vW
miHfgLwJ.

mUfrka bgJwaha ynf vgh mUf UnfhiyailJ

mUfnjt MubjL Ubgafsh ghogudh. mghlfS xnw
ekF ghlgFahf jugLsJ.

mUbrhbghU
rhkiu = rhku Ma btft; ilil = UkUD; af =
fjUt; ul = mirf; fthrd = maiz; Mrd = Uif; Ujit =
ezfKila rhnwh Tl; xkoy = Mnyhf, ugh_, fduig
vD Ubth koyf _W. Hw = xu KFil = ruhj,
rfyhghrd, jnehj vD _W Filf; (_W xkoyfS,
_W FilfS mUf njtDF cad vg) ruhj = KJFil;
rfyhghrd = bghFil; jnehj = kFil; mf = mfhfk, t =
thfk (thfk mfhfk, uzthfk vD _W mUf njt
Mfkfsh vwf).

yfz
il il - mLFbjhl; bghF jhkiu - idbjhif; ul, Hw,
fg, bjUs - brabt thghL idbarf; KFil - gbjhif.

c. naRbgUkh
naRbgUkhid thJ ghl ura ahf vD W
njbjLfgLsJ.

ura vgjF Mk <nlw vgJ bghUsh. Mk <nlw

Uth brY jid ahiu vgJnt ura ahf vgj
bghU. #h ga vgh vGa uhu vw idna ura
ahf vd yha giljJsh.

iy aat v.V.UZzis vD yt Mth.

t Ubent khtl fiuU vD Cd. t bgnwh rfu
ehuhazis bjtehaaik Mt.

bA Mu vgj RUfnk v.V.vgJ MF.

ura ahf, ura kndhfu, ngh Utft Kja gy

fis t gilJsh. ura ahfJ ililna njthu
vD bgayikj irghlf beRUf br ikad.

yt uhid jt fg vW bgnah nghWwd.

114
 mUbrhbghU
f = kaid, fh = cyf; thf = Jwf (LngW); kUt =
mila; cghrdh _ = tgL fl; mrj - fu T bjhH.

yfz
fghy - ehfh ntWikbjhif.

C. ef ehaf
iwt gjkyfis tGJth vyh eyfS mUs bgWth vW
thJ ghl whuhzW nj bragLsJ.

whuhzij j ku nfg bgUfhakhf brjjt

ckWyt Mth. t JFo khtlij nrj ehfyhu vD Cd.
t jijah brFKfkJ mah vD nrF Kjah Mt.

vlau kd mit ytuhf sa foif KJ yt

khztuhf mtkiwF vlau mitytuhf sat. t
fhy .. gndHh whL.

whuhz ts jfh ntLnfhSz vGj bgwJ.

KW Kng jfh kiwjikah ts m fh vgh ujf
whuhz iw braglJ. vD mzyh tuyhW KGtJ wh
iw bragliy vgJ gDmFkJ kiufha vgh vG Kojh
vgJ mJ d wh vW tHfgLwJ vgJ Ffjfd.

ckWyt KJbkhkhiy, jfh beho ehlf Kja fis

vGsh.

mUbrhbghU
bgh = xH; toth = toidilah; eah = ef ehaf;
eLeh = th bkh.

yfz
bkbghU, Rtfg - UbgabuhL gbjhiff.

g
I. Wdh:

1. njthu _t ah?

2. Rju njthu vj UKiw itfgLsJ?

3. Rju vGa kbwhU ahJ?

4. Rju juh njhH vwiHfgl fhuz ahJ?

115
 5. mjgH Mtz fho iwt Rjuiu Mbfhl C ahJ?
6. Mthf mU brj bjhFFa bga ahJ?
7. Mthf mU braYF ciu tHat ah?
8. knkfiy vjid fhijfisbfhlJ?
9. ckWyt whuhz vGj Jizj tsf aht?
10. ckWyt vGa wf ahit?
11. dwh - sFf.
12. ynf ntW bga ahJ?
13. jt fg vwiHfgLt ah?
14. v.V.UZz is aa ntWf ahit?
II. bgUdh:
1. ehnd kwJ vidnfnd vW Rju cUFkhid sFf.
2. Fynrfu Mth ntLtJ ntlhjJ ahit?
3. knkfyh bjt juhid ngh brjik ahd?
4. mtF mtdha mUfnjtid ynf tglik vthW?
5. Yit gahf brj bgUkhid UZzis vthW mr
brwh?
6. edh gjJizia eh itJ nghWgt mila jfdthf
ckWyt TWtd ahit?

III. yfz F tiuf.

fQj ilil bkbghU Mdhj

bghFjhkiu gjJiz vnfh t

fLgif fghy

IV. gFgj cWyfz jUf

ntnl miwjh vnfh kUt

ul Lth

V. Jz jUf

brhgj kzuR UsWL nrhiy

jD jNH fLgif gahf

thdhS Ujit KFil

116
VI. bghUJf.

1. - Ma

knkfiy - UZzis

njthu - ckWyt

whuhz - jiy rhjdh

ura ahf - Rju

- FzFokjh

2. - rka

knkfiy - rkz

ynf - jt

ura ahf - Ryh

whuhz - bgsj

- itzt

VII. il njf.
1. jt fg vwiHflt

m) fg M) ukhKt

) v.V.Uzis

2. dwh vw iy vGat.

m) ckWyt M) FzFo kjh

) gDmFkJ kiufha

3. Rju njthu

m) KjyhUKiw M) VHhUKiw

) gulhUKiw

4. a ugjF ciu tHat

m) moahF eyh M) mUgj ciufhu

) bgathrhis

VIII. bkhw tsg

1. iwtid tgL bghUshf kLkyhk thif bghUshf bfhL

thJ fhoat Rju vgh jtU. FwFo mofsh. Rju j

117
 thif ffis, mt juh njhH vW miHfgl bghUj
ghoid E Ma t yf thyhf mf.

2. jD jhdw bgwh vw go, jiy KW mJ jid kwJ

cs x tgLjny wj tghblg. Mjyh Fynrfu Mth nghy
bgnah wU mU brj ghlfis mf.

v.fh
Rit ju ahngh
u nyhf MS
mRit bgD ntnl

Cny fhiy cwk bwhUtiy

gh ghj_y gnd guk_
fhbuh tznd fznd fjWnw
MUs fisf mkh mufkh efUshnd.
3. ekJ a UehL cyf bgUrkafS xwha j rkaF
jhafkhf saJ vgjJ WJ milf. juh mj
brafis sF j rhjf fijfis njogYf.

4. bfhyhik vD tfhUa xGfij jiynk bfhL xGF ird

rkajtj nehfis filofis cKl gY njhHf
thyh mf. RWyh brYifY Kfh thif ehfY itg
fyJiuahLf.

5. eh cfSF isghWjiy jUnt vw a kiwbkhia

Yit cbjGj bgUkh m thiffis Ifha
Unkia mrkabe xGFgtf cshj eifia rka
<Lghoid cWzf.

6. rkaflj ebyzf vLJfhlhf eiff

gWnfhlhf sF rkarhj UHhf gF bfhSf.
FzFoah nghY rhnwh bgUkf ghlf CLU sF
bghJikzit mf.

brgF iwthf mik whuhz kfy thjhf

mikJsjid cW nehFf.

tz kfyT iw brtjid Ufil fh

vW gyU vW ciug. bgnahf brhf ml Fjit.
bghUik MHK thjit; m brhfSF tik cL. Mfnt mtiw
cs x gW iwWJ bghGJ j thJiuf iwga eFtij
czjh khL nfL czJ mf.

118
bkhts fhL ya tsf:

j Kj yfz bjhfha: 3 mfhu, 27 af, 1610

ghf. jH thayfzkhd tSt: 3 ghf, 133 mfhuf,
1330 Fwghf. ygfhu: 3 fhl, 30 fhijf, 5001 tf. knkfiy: 30
fhijf, 4755 tf. tfjhk: 13 ygff, 3145 ghlf. bgauhz,
2 fhl, 13 rUff, 4286 ghlf. fguhkhaz; 6 fhlf, 118 glyf,
10589 ghlf. eyhis ghuj: 18 gUtf, 11000 ghlf. fjuz:
MWfhl, 135 gly, 10345 ghlf. Uisahl uhz: _Wfhl, 3363
ghlf. njght: 3 fhl, 36 glyf, 3615 ghlf. whuhz: 3 fhl
92 glyf, 5027 ghlf. ura ahf: 5 gUtf, 47 glyf, 3776
ghlf. uhtzfha: 5 fhl 57 glyf, 3100 Ujf. VR fha:
IJghf, 149 mfhu, 810 UjfS 2346 mftyofS bfhlJ. j
csitf vyh ms bgait kLky jikY bgUikFatdhf
csijna j j w vd bfhlhLnwh.

j bkh g bkh, kj uf czit bgUjkhf nghW

mbkh. cy ntW vj bkhY fhzilfhj ms g ghRuf
ua bkh j xnw. irt gUUKiwia itzt ehyhua
ugjij tgL kukhf ngh tgL kukhf ngh tz
tUwd. J beLfhykhf gHfUJ tU jH tghL. njthu,
Uthrf, Ubtghit, Ughit, Ubkh, Uthbkh, Uku,
UtUgh, Uf, njnrhkahdj, rUt rkajidf, Ryha
jhkhdtuhd FzFo kjh guhgu ff, jifa bjtf
bkhf cy ntW v bkhY iy. j bkhny iwthf csd
vgijna j jw vd FLt bgUik bfhnwh
( jnH ca vD iy
mogilahf bfhlJ.)

119
 ciueil gF
1. caj brbkh
gkh fiyP

.nfh. Naehuhaz rhah

bjhW bjhL j bkh a ir ehlf vD _W

fisila bjW gyU TWwd. m_tif ghFghLf
afis FJ J Muhnth.

awbHgJ jH ahtkhL bghJik Utif tHD

aFw trdK brSkhF f bjhFah. jf
yafS yfzfSkha ahklFbkf. vdnt aw,
brj bfhLj vw tifY gLjYbkhF. xgnt, brj
trdfS brj brfS, bfhLj trdfS bfhLj
brfS, aw f mlFbkgJ jhnd sF. j
ytU myhU xafhikah, F lKlhW. j tHF
ehoFS VgLtjhW.
brj ehnl
rjd bgha brj KtD
brsju ghoa bdDj ehlD
rf ytU jiH UF
kfy gho tseh blg
vw Nujh brj ehL dbjgJ mf. brj yij
nrj guL FWyfS bfhLj ehoghgld.
bjgho Fl Flffh nt
gaUth tjtlF - ewha
jkyhL ddhL brjnr
Vj gU eh bl.
vw giHa btghdh bfhLj ehL dbjgJ mf.
ir jbHgJ, gbzhL fyJ jhsbjhL ToaF
brj ghLfshD bfhLj ghLfshD aw yafS
mtyfzfSkhF f bjhFah. jf, jdfS
tghLfS J, Mdj f, F, bjghF Kjad mlFbkf.
awf tHF brhfS brhbwhlfS ir jbHd
af Konkh? m aw brf irbaLJ jhskWJ
ghlgo, mit irjghgL. uhfbjhLko iaJ ghlgL
ghlf awgh gldthf kfgLnka iy. jhsK cl

120
Toa tna mit ir jgh gLbkf. KfhyJ tHa `bgUehiu,
bgUFUF, ir EQf, jhstifnahJ Kjad ilfhyJ
njha njthu Kjad fhyJ btgLyw fjuhz
jid, bgauhz jid, rj rif Kjadkha ahit
irjHh. irj, ehlfjF Kd njhdikg
K itfgLtjhW. m ir jnH ehlfjF w
sfK jJ gjh. irjt ehlf jF afiy;
Milaw eif btglhjthW nghy, iraw ehlf jG btgLj
cslnaUj ntL. vdnt ehlf jF ir jG aikah
wdth. V? awG irjG Toatna ehlfj wFbkW
TWjny mikiljh.

ehlfjbHgJ, if byLJ gojFa mtfhryhj

ntiyfhufSF gof bjahjtfSF, ey fL nehfnjhL
tFfglJ; mJ nfnghF fhnghF g gatho, rhkha
rdf mjid U bryhuhj m~J g RitnahoatjhW.
cyfaid csij sthnw idJ fhLtJ ehlf jnHa
ntiy. awG irjG nrj tna ehlfj wjbjD
ehlfjF ntW jbgU wsJ. Kidad uL nfg
kony gagdth wd. uldoahf wj ehlf jnHh
nfg gagnja fh gK clgawJ. w gna
w ehLfYs wghi ytf ehlffis f nkikiladthf
kwd.

fhy Myghi fw jkf gy jkJ jhbkhaha

jiH gof ntLtJ mtakbwW jkF ntoa afah
Mynyna mfgLwdbtW gywgl TWt. mt My bkh
w ko Taiktnj ewhFk j ff ntoaJ mtakW vgJ
mahikbahL Toa JJiuah.

J RnjrhkhdK RghhkhdK mwt Twh. uL

f My uL mwtfis vthW kghnuh? My Kja
wghiFauh mghif tYebuyh j bkhjhtKilauh
jiH fW j fis jf ghif bkhbgaJ bfhSjiy
cW nehahj jf mtakW vghF tuL.

ghia bjhU gaDF fUahFnka, mJjhnd gadhfhJ.

ghiant gabdd fU, mjf gfhghUKs. rigfyhtJ
rghizfyhtJ rhJakhf ngRnth ghiailahnua rhu
filauy. rhu filah vnf nghdhY jf filia f
Fthnua ntwW. rhu filahF ghia aikahjnj.
jf fUJfsh cyfkidD gz baGg ty eir

Rnjrhkhd - jhehL gW, Rghhkhd - jhbkhgW

121
ytf brj ghKiwfis gojyhDlhF ga msl ghyjW;
kfl ml lF kndhfhufis vG Rit gaF.

J f. j eho Myturh nagl d jhbkhaha

jiH mj tbkhfsha bjYF, fdl, kiyahs JStfnshL ml
czhL bkhf vd tifgLd y. jbkh bahiw mj
tbkhfnshL tifgLjyhnkh? mJ Kdjid gLj jhfhnjh? Ma
bkhfS jiyw tlbkhia mj ghfjfnshL xUFitJ vz
Jahiknghy j bkhia mj tbkhfnshL xUFitbjz
JahUjny mikiljh. thwhf ekJ brid rtfyhrhiyah
nkTahF, jiH gL tFj nghnj, jHuhdh KFJ mthW
tifgLj rhyhbjd kWUf ntL.
mnghbjyh ththshik nkbfhoUJld jbkhahs.
tlbkh, y, F Kjad nghy j bkh caj
brbkh ahkhW J fhLth. jh tHF ehofQs gy bkhfF
jiyik mtD f nkjfilikKs bkhna ca bkh,
yfzjh MuhlJ j, bjYF Kjat bfyh jiyik
mtD f nkjf cilikah jhD cabkhna baf.
jh tHF eho gY kiwa bkhf cj jJ
afty Mw rhwnj jbkh vdgL. jh wbkhfF br
cj FJ mit jdF br cj FiwJ Ujny tHfhW.
jbkhDj fisago, bjYF Kjad aFj byhyh; kW
jbkh mtDjyhkny J lgLj jJ ik
aftyJ. ~J a bkh ytf gyF xgKojJ. Mj j
jbkhna baf. brbkhahtJ ahJ?
Ua g j ehffK bghUa bkh f brbkh ah
vgJ yfz. bkhyfz j bkhfQ mikUj
njw. vid? lgl brhKofS bghUKofS *brhwh
fUa bghUis *nflh bjDzu tyjh giHad fJ ad
FJ Uj bk wny Ua gbgdgLtJ. J jbkhf
KW mikUj fhf.
eho ehff Knfg brhfS VgL ghifS
ehff ey isj ntL. mthW brhfnsgLlJ w ghi
brhfs j brhfns Fj ntL. it caj j bkhF
bghUJtdth. Mfnt j bkhkh. vdnt, j brbkhbagJ
z. Jganw bjhWbjhL jbkh brj vd eir
ytuh enwhj bgWtjhW. Mfnt bjdhof wbjhuhw
mDa jbkh vthwh Muhj t, caj brbkh

ghfjf - f.
brhwh - brhYgt
nflh - nfgt

122
naah vgJ ra. tsa w thj mUik jbkhia
czhL bkhfnshblhUbfQj jJ, tlehLa jbrbkh
rkUj bkd bfhlh nghy bjdhLa j brbkh jbHd
bfhL Fjny Viljh.

(fLiu vGjgL whLfL nkyhd. mfhy eiltHFgo

yha, ghi vW rghiiz vW tl brhfyJ vGjyhd.)

g
I. bgUdh:

1. brjehL, bfhLj vw f g gkh fiyP ciugd

ahit?

2. irj vgJ ahJ? KfhyJ fhyJ sF irj

tiff ahit?

3. ehlfj wafshf fLiuaha TWtd ahit?

4. jbkh J gW bfhshj jkfis gkh fiyP

foJiugJ ahd?

5. jiH cehL bkhfnshL xgitJ tifgLJj MfhJ vW

gkhfiyP TWtJ V?

6. j cabkh, jbkh vW ciufgl fhuzf ahit?

7. brbkh yfz ahJ? myfz jbkh gh

bghUUgjid Wf.

II. beLdh:

1. a ir ehlf vw Kj tifik FJ gkh fiyP

ciugdtiw bjhFJ tiuf.

2. j - cajbrbkh - jiy gkh fiyP

ciugdtiw bjhFJ tiuf.

III. bkhw tsg:

1. ekJ jbkh caj brbkh vgny bgUj

bfhf. whLfSF nkyhf j bkh caF
jbgUjifikF brikF rhWf cj Wa mP
bgUkfis bel id Tf.

2. Eg ya kw Tlf - Ej jHha Jizl

- j - cajbrbkh vw jiy nggHFf. ED
isahF czJf. xj njhHnuhL fyJiuahLf.

123
 3. cns bjhlh c F bjSj vgjid goJ
ng fij idJ czf.

4. wbkh brhfy j Fah tUwJ. tj Kafna

va j ng vG gHfyh; gHFf.

IV. tU g gJF nkgl ir brhf fyJsd-

mbrhfis mit vbkh rhjit vW fLoJ
vGJf.
e Fyh thf Bh V g#hUF brwh. filF
EiHjl mykh vfrf Fyh Ugij ghjh. F
egl Fyh vd iy vW nflh. 'iy UgijJ %gh, xU
Fyh thdh xU ngdh dh' vwh filfhu. iy #hahf
csJ. vW Tbfhnl Jil v bfhLjh, e. nuhUJ
Fyhit vLJ, fLjh fo bfhLjh filfhu.

il F
1. Fyh - gh

2. Bh - #gh

3. g#h - gh

4. mykh - nghRa

5. vfrf - bjYF

6. eg - mu

7. ngdh - nghRa

8. dh - cUJ

9. %gh - Jjh

10. #h - cUJ

11. JL - lR

12. nuh - buR

13. fLjh - nghRa

V. fhQ bjhlfYs wbkh brhfis vGJf.

1. $kh t.c.jguis ehkfuzij j fgYF NLt

[njhkilnw vwh _jP uh#h.

2. o.. a ghfhlh iy~ng ngh moJ L vwh gho.

3. j brR bl iwjJ.

124
 4. khf Ugnj o vw vz gutUwJ.

5. ekfhu vW rhZlhfkhf Gjtid Mtnj.

6. uah uhazij uJ brjl %gh gLthlh braglJ.

7. brtDF isF jyh IJ jf bfhL.

8. F jhf brj tHF RKfkhf igr braglJ.

9. Md v Mo bu vLfntL vW Ah bg
mit Tdh.

10. lahbgo ng rhLtij lh brantL.

brhts
1. iz brhfis mJ bghU sFkhW brhbwhl
mikLf.
fhL fiu, L thr, njh Ju, khL kid, eir ir, mojo, jS kY,
btis ris, Vf jhf, ghL gw

2. ku brhfis mf.
gyhR - gyh_R

thiHR - thiH fr

KUif R - KUif ruL

mtiu R - mtiubghL

khR - khtL

snjfh - tGif

Ka njfh - beW.

125
 2. rkur
U. .fahzRjudh

rkur rkhf rf vD bghU KjyhtJ rkurij vLJ

bfhnth. rnfhjfns! rnfhjufns! rkurijg JfhW vGj ngRf
vJiz! vGJf vJiz! mitfSnfh ms Knlh? rkurij g
vGj ngRfS vGJfS kiybad flbyd wd; KHFwd.
cyil njha mP midtU rkurijna mW brwd.
bghyhj cyf rkurJF brrhwjh? mij eil bfhzu
ntifahj bfhwjh? iyna. rkur th EiHJ M, cy
ngh VJ? r VJ? u VJ? rkur gu muR vWF? rl vWF?
kw vWF? itah cy rkur guthikia aynth sFwd.

Jiz eh cyil rkur guthUjjF fhuz ahJ? fhuz

gygl Twyh. kjghYs mGfhW mth btF Kjad mtid rkur
PhahFtiy vW RUf brhyyh. kj mGfhW Kja ngfsh
bjhlFL lgL tiu mt rkur Phahj mJ; mJ. rkurij g
ngRj vJ; vGJj vJ. mij eil bfhztnjh mJ. kj rkurij
g ngRtY mij eil bfhzuKatnj milik. mjF kj v
brj ntL?

kj, mGfhW Kjatiw nghfty th jiygl ntL.

mthF ilwhf cs bfhLikfis fisa Kay ntL.
mbfhLikf ahit? mit gygy. <L wcya tW ytiw
FLnw. ytiw fis Mikia kj bgWthdh, mt
mGfhW Kjatiw gogoahf ehsil fis MwYilatdhth.
my ahit? ehL, bkh, rkabe, rh Kjad.

ehL :
xUt jh wj ehil jhngh nefyh. Mdh mnerij kw
ehLf JgJF gagLjyhfhJ. bghGJ ehLgW myJ njrg
vgJ w ehil JWJ t fJtu fTL.

flfS kiyfS fhLfS w ehLfis wd.

bfhL xU ehlh bdhU ehlhiu V tUj ntL? thnfw
bghUfis aif cjwJ. mbghUfis bgW kh kj
gth eljyhknwh? kj mbghUss cs iw bfhwhndh?
mtghYs Mirng thsh lwnjh? bghGJ xU ehlh bdhU
ehil g mj tsij ftUtnyna fUJbfhL thwh. ~njh
mwkhf fUjgLwJ. kwij mwkhf fUJtJ klik.

klikF wl nkehL vW Tw ifahfhJ. nk ehlh jh

wj eho bghUL wehLfis gWt wik thjt. mjbfd
mdh br KaF X viyiy. Mfha khdfS _fS

126
eR fhW w fhzgLwd. ts vWF? w ehlhiu
tUJtjfnwh? vd mahik! kf jf ehilna flshf
fUJwhf. kw ehlhlK flUj tF ydhtiy nghY!
tFjh g Kjad cL nghY! kwtF mit iy nghY!
fUJilahF rkur cz ahoUJ wF? vyh ehlhU rnfhju
vgij t vj eh czu nghwh? thW gy, ehL vD gwh
rkurij Hwh.

bkh :
y bkhia KbfhL rkurJF nfL Nwh. bkhf
mteho anfw tz gyth njhUwd. mtut jj
jhbkhia ngh tuyh. xUt j jhbkh bghUL kw bkhia
V Fiw Tw ntL? V Wj ntL! cy y gFf bkh
fhuzkhf kfSF ngh fwJ. xU bkhd bdhU bkhdiu
giftuhf fUJtJ rkur czit FiygjhF.

vyh bkhfF mogil xnw. m~J x myJ ehj.

mbthW wjbkhf, Vw jh fJ nghl mehff. bkh
fhuzkhf y rkur ngbwjhJ xwh.

rkabt :
rkabt fl mig bfLwJ. xUt btah j rkakhL
gW bfhL kw rkajhiu wh. ~bjd mahik! rkabkgJ
xnw. mJnt rkur vgJ. rka btaF gy rka cz njhW nghY.
gy rka cz j rkagW rkurij mJLwd. Mjyh rkabt
Tlhbjf.

rh :
w ca jh fUj jtW. w ca jh fUJ bgUFw
ekJ ehLnf wghf cL. vyh bfhLikfY jiyahaJ bfhLik.
wgh ca jh fUJ cs rkur rhaY gluhJ.

ekJ ehoYs rhFiwghil fisa mtnghJ njha bgnah

bgUKa brjh. mKaf ah HYiwj uhd.

ekJ eho xU bgUbfhiy lfhykhf fJ tUwJ. mbfhiy

cyF ydhtiy. mjhtJ bgnah mWa bfhiffis F
bto ijJ, mtj cUtJF kL tjid tghL brtJ.
gobwhGf l eh tHUJ tUwJ.

rh ugy ngR rHffh nfhu KFy Kbfhbl br

vW, rhFy wbgD RgL jLkhW vW mUa bgnahiu
tgLnth rhia ghuhLwhuh iyah vgJ ftf jfJ. kf
rhiana flshf rkakhf bfhoUj btilkiy. t, rhia

127
kWJ rkur isj bgnahiu tgLtjF VjhD bghUSnlh?
btW cUtij kL tgLtJ tghlhFkh? bgnah mWa be
bwhGFtjnwh mtiu cik tgLtjhF? e ehlh, Kndh
mWa bfhifF fyiwL ijJ, mt cUtfis kL
tgLt ng bgwt. fu trid tsJ tU ehLF cnlh?
ciknlh?

iwF Rkh IgJ MLfF Kd j eho tJ kiwj e

uhkf Rthf, rhkj ntWghLfis gyiuah kWJ rkur Phdij
mW nfhfbsyh rh nfhfshf khaJ fL, vyhU nghJ
tgLtjbfd rkur nfhiy (tl rig) mikJ brwh.

vrig bghJbtd ad mPf mrig lbfhS

mUbgUnrh vW Rthf mU brJsh. rig mnehFl
Rthfsh WtglJ.
rkur vgJ ehL, bkh, rkabe, rh Kjat fLglhJ flJ
gJ. vyh ehlh, vyh bkhd, vyh rkajh, vyh rhahlY
FJ gJ rkur Phd. ehL, bkh, rka, rh Kjatiw bfhL, rkur
czit HgJ mahik. gikf}nl glJ F xUikna rkur.
mrkurnk fl fhia eF. mijna aifaid kfilna Xg
KidJ wh. mt KaF vtU FWnf fyhfhJ. JfhW kj
mahikah aif midia kwJ lglJ nghJ! ahj rkurF
kj ljJ ththdhf.
rh kjK rkaK jnj
rhu Fig jznj
iy ra bghUS
a thif RfK
M eL mjK vyh
mUbgU nrhba wnj
Xa midJ a jJeh
ciugbj dofo dnf!

Fyny rka Fny euf

Fny FikJ bghGJ
yny ngh kana khJ
wh feh DtJ
tyny dJ trny nw
kJ baDs bkDm
gyny wh vdJ nghJ
ga jtg jJnt.

128
 vyhKila mUbgUnrh mj flns! J bjhl vfhyJ
Rj rkhf Ka jilfsha rkaf, kjf, khff
vgt Mrhu rfg fgfS, tUz, Muk Kja cyfhrhu
rfg fgfS, vf kd gwhtz mU brj ntL. Rj
rkhf Ka yakha Mknea xUikghLik vfSF
yfhk iwJ sf brjUs ntL. vyhkha jbgU
jiyik mUbgUnrh Mltnu, njt UtUbgU fUizF tjd!
tjd!

vdUik rnfhjfns! rnfhjufns! tU ghlfis,

bghDiufis cW nehFf; rh, kj Kja ntWikfis
Rthf vthW foJsh vgij czUf; ntWik cz cstiu
rkur Phd bgw ayhJ vgij bjf. rh, kj Kja ntWikfsh
isJs ikfis fnl mitfis fisJ, rkurij Wt Rthf
Kawh.

Rthf mKa jiyglJ cik. vt W mt

mKa jiyglh? Kidig mogilahf bfhlh? fhig
mogilahf bfhlh? gifikia mogilahf bfhlh? iy;
iy. Kid fh gifik flj xU iy nw Rthf
mbgUKa jiyglh.

rh, kj Kja ntWikfsh cyf lgLtij fl Rthf,

mtiw fisJ Rj rkhfij mWj vyh ty iwt
UtUis bfhGbfhghf gdh. Mlt UtULiz bfhl
Rthf Uj bjho wdh. UtU fUJ brYjhJ
Kidgh - fhgh - gifgh - UjJiw eQj klik, klik.

fhy y Uj vD bgauh, Mlt cikia

kWJ, mt mU bgw moahiu J, Mkneaij FiyJ tUtJ
cfF bj. mt idah cyf brikWbfh? brikF
nfL fG. s zF nghUnk is. e uhkfRthf
MltDik cW bfhL, Kid, fh, gifik Kja ngfSF
iuahfhJ, Mlt mUt W mtdU bgw moahiu ngh, rh
kj Kja ntWikfis fisJ, Mk neaJFa rkur Phdij Xg
Fjh. Ujfhu vW bttUnth brbe g elghuhf!

g
I. bgUdh:

1. cy rkur guthikF fhuzfshf U..f TWtd ahit?

2. ehL vD gwh rkurij HgJ g U..f ciugd ahit?

3. rh bfhLik, rkabt Kjad rkur czit Fiygdth -

fUij U..f t W Mf.

129
 4. ekJ eho l fhykhf fJ tU bgUbfhiy vW U..f
tU ciugdtiw vGJf.
II. beLdh:

1. uhkf mofsh rkur czF vLJfhlhf Ej

ghlgF tU fUJfis bjhFJ tiuf.
2. ehL, rka, rh tiw mogilahf bfhL rkur czW
khWgLj jtwh vW U..f. thLtjid sFf.

III. bkhw tsg:

1. rka ezf tsgnj khjnea tsgjfhd t vgjid
th iljbghGbjyh ya kwf tahf ngR, fij,
ehlf Kja Clffis g bfhL guiu brf.

2. g mikJs ehLeyg l, nja khztgil Kja

mikf t cf CUHh ehf fhtg, tkhWg
KjatF brtJ clnwh. mntisf e j khjj
rka bghiwF rhwhF ffis fL E csnj gJ
bfhf.
3. xU rkajh Hh khW rkajh gFbfhS j gj,
cz tHf Kja gfis fL kf. U mt gF
bfhf.

4. tUjjf nef (gJf) cf fK nejh jhkhfnt c

fhf gwgJ cs gijgJ ahnjD cjbra KJtJ agh
ftdtnwh, mJnt cf aifahd Mknea cz vW
mf.

5. E g yfUJ kDUF m brJ thj mUshsf

tuyhWfis njo goJ c njhHnuhL fyJiuahl brf.

IV. Wj Ff.
1. Wj Ff tha ghoF bghU bjF
aikahjitahF. mtW ytiw mayh. mit xiwF,
uilF vd UtifgL.
uilF neTW thafY nknfh fhL bghGJ tU.
(v-L) CUF ngh nrjJ foj vGJ, vW v jij brhdh.
"xGfKilik Foik", vgJ UtSt tFj tiuaiwahF.
2. xiwF neTWF nknfh fhLbghGJ fLiubgaU
bgaU FL bghGJ D y lfY tU.
(v-L) naR kfis neh, Mafhu nfhYF btna W,
njtnd, nahdha vgh ufbfhS, vd ntodh vgij

130
 mJbfhSf, vwh.
bkhPhW njtnea ghthz vGs, ja fLiuf,vw
vik MHK bfhL sFwJ.

V. tha clhF iHfS fK:

1. tof XlhJ - tof Xlh

2. mit nf csJ - mit nf cs

3. mJ vyh - mit vyh

4. kf ilahJ - kf iy

5. tUtJ nghtJ ilahJ - tUtJ nghtJ ilah

6. xnwh myJ unlhjUf - xnwh unlh jUf

7. brid vw efu - brid vD efu

8. vdJ kf - v kf

9. VfjfJ my - VfjfJ mW

10. mtsJ jij - mt jij

VI. fhQ bjhlf cs bfhir brhfis U vGJf.

1. m khr mlks ghf.

2. nfhKil jhthu cUlJ.

3. btoafho btiy nghlwJ xU gsfkh?

4. xUj xoah nghdh mJ Cnfhykh?

5. bfhLj nria nfhitah ngR.

VII. Wj Ff:
1. fh ( , ) 10. j nknfh F ( )
2. miu ( ; ) 11. nkgo F ( )
3. Kfh ( : ) 12. iw mil ( )
4. KW (.) 13. rJu mil [ ]
5. K (...) 14. iz nfhL (-)
6. nf F (? ) 15. rhnfhL ( / )
7. czF (! ) 16. monfhL (-)
8. uil nknfh F ( ) 17. cLF (*)
9. xiw nknfh F ( )

131
 3. fij
nguha. v. itahis

fij vgJ ahJ? cyf ya njha fhybjhnl,

nf njhsJ. nfFa ilfS gygoah jugLsd.
ekJ njr fij ciyia FJ mP gyU MuhJ csd.
y mJ bghUwng vwd. ntW y bghU bghJs brhw br
tif w vW bfhld. kW y xgJ tifgl Ritna c - iy
vwd. D y, bjhna c iyahF vW Jjd. itbayh
fij njhWth, tuyhW Kjatiw fUJ bfhshjd. nkiyeho
#h[l ghbt j nfia nflh. xia eh mnth.
Mdh, mJ dbjWbrhtJ vjy. Jnghynt jh fij fij
J my, J my, vd v Tlyh. Mdh, dJ jh fij vW
tiuaWj vjy vW #h[ g Tdhuh.

nfhy{ vgt trdF fijF X yfz tFjd.

brhfis wj Kiw itgJ trd vW wj brhfis wj
Kiw itgJ fij vW t Ko brjd. il bfhs
jfjW. wj Kiw brhf mikahj nghY, mnf trd csJ
vW TWnwh. nkY, wj Kiw vgJ ahJ? vw nf xbthUfh
vGwJ. xbthU Kiw Jjh wjjhf VgLj TL. mnghJ wj
Kiw vW TWtJ gadwjh.

nfhy eg nthbt Jg vGsJ cyf uj.

Mw ua brhf jhkhf bgh ttJjh fij vW t Jjd.
nfhg vgo clhwJ? Mw ua cz jhdhf bghtUtjdh; J
fijahFkh? jid s K sj X cz bgUif L rhj
iyUJ idF bfhL tUnghJ jh fij njhWwJ vwd.
nthbth TaJ xU bghJgl tUzidna a cik yfzij
tiuaWj jhfhJ. m, fij njhw nthbth bfhLsgona
vyh lfY fG vW TwKoahJ. Mfnt, d TaJ nghajW;
bfhif bghUJtjW.

vw fP, fhth yhj l bgj xkiHna fij

vwd. Mw fu vW, Mw jdJ ty a jiy rhJ gh
cw bfhoUF iy vW, fijia t Tdh. itbayh
fijia ga fijna a mj cikaig mJ bfhtjF
gaglkhlh.

nfh{ KjyhdtfbsyhU fPf. fijg rhuiz brj

nkdhL Muhahsf, ahJ TWwhf? #h u fijahtJ ahJ?
a czFa fhuzfis ghtdhrah FLtnj fijahF.
vW il jjd. J UfukhdJ vW brhy KoahJ. cyfYs
wj yaf gy j yfznjhL khWgl a cilad.

132
 itfisbayh nehFlJ it xbthY xnth
ciksjhf njhWwJ. j cikfis bayh eh xU nru
uLnthkhdh fij vgJ dbjW xUthW ydhF.

br be awgLtnj fij vW jd My ngufuh

TWwJ. gtz vw Ma,
gtif jhJ cFl nghgy
brhyh bghUl dhf cz
tnyh mbgw brtd br
vW Ta yfz mfuh TWtjndhL xUgJ fhzyh. Mfnt,
fij KjyhtJ a mJ br to mikUj ntL.

ulhtjhf, mJ cyf cikfis fhoY, ghtdh r

afisna bgUghY nkbfhs ntL. mJ fhiy x x
elthjgo, nkyhf gwJ brYj ntL. bghUis ahahd brahjgo
bjt Mntrjh F brhtJ ngh mikUj ntL. bghUfis
sFtij fhoY, mt J x gutL, mit jhkhfnt sfKw
brj ntL. wyf btgilahfs bghUfnshL mikahjgo,
Mk cy mJ rrj ntL. iyaw bghUfnshL Wlhjgo,
iyahs bghUfisg mJ fj ntL.

d Ta ms, J fijiaga fijayth vW

njhW; m beW y iga be wj is vW J
njhwyh. fg,
j brhd ngija brhd
gj brhd gd bgWgnth?
vW TaJ ekJ idF tuyh. nkdhoY Kjfhy nsnlh
Kja mPf y fPfis wfJ fJ btWJ tjd.
rg fhy uhg gl vgt, vyh fPfS igafhufns
vw nehj KoF tjh. fij aifF KuzhdJ vgjF rhjhuz
mF yglhj X mj rah mJ istJ vgjF mit tfJ
kfis MLF Mw m~J izawJ vgjF TWf
Kjad rhwhF.

fij xU fiy. fiy vW Ta ms, g isjny mj

jiyaha nehf vgJ btgil. J _whtjhf czu jfJ.

ehfhtJ: fP j cs vG fij fUJfis br

to btLtnyna KidJ gh. fUJf xU ynt mtdJ
MkhdJ cikaig btLtdth. dkhf, Mkh afis
btL fijfns wj fijf MF. fijf bghJgilahd,
kf cs bghJgl njhW czfS fUJfS xUw
btahF vgJ cW. jdhny jgl Mk a bghJgl kf

133
a wj fijf s F. J gna xU fP j fhyJ
aifia btgLJ ahahd fjh vW TwgLwh.

Mk aig btLgt fP vW TWtjdh, fijF

ntL af y ekF ydhwd. Kjgoahf, mt TWtdt
cik Kiu gUj ntL. cikyhknghdh wj
fij njhwkhlhJ. xUt ehlfhadhf Ufyh. w ghuf
Fzfis jhnd nkbfhL mtnfg brhyhlyh: bjh ayh.
mbghGJ mt cikahfnt ghuf Fzf untj
ntL. cikahfnt ghufis mt UZoj ntL. ngh vgJ
J jfhJ. xUt mHfhd Wbrfis awyh; Rits fUJfis
mt mikfyh. Mdh, J fUJf mogil cikUj
ntL; czUj ntL. mbghGJjh brf fij vW
brhyToa jFia mil.
cs cikbah clh
thny x clhF
vW ghu TaJ jid cWgLJ.

mLJ nf Ta ciknahL bj vw a mt fijfny

fhQj ntL. XLw e bjthUgJ nghy, fij bjth
Uj ntL. d bj nrW Kjatwh fy XL Xil
gUFtjF jFawJ. J nghynt bj vF fUfyh, vts
KawhY Iagho fhjjh cs brf eh fW WjFa
fijf Mfkhlh. fijFa ntnwh a mLjgo F
kdbfhsjfJ. mJ vikahF. vbghGJ va njhwnjhL mikj
f mabjhU fhakhF. fgUila fijf vath btisah csd
vW ahtU TWtij nfoUnwh. Mdh thUj fij wig
czJwnja cs tWikia czJtjhfhJ. fodkhd mfuh
gotfis vLJ tH br bghUis fUfyh toF fPf wj
fPfshf khlhf.

fijFa eaf gytiw czJ X mHa br fg

btoUwh.
D fah Mw
bghU jJ ywh
maf Jiwf jh
Iiz bea sh
rw bjJ jbz
bwhGfK jG rhnwh
fbad lj nfhjh
tid u flh

134
 nf Ffgl eafnshL brfS ah clY cU
nghy xaikj ntL. fUJF bghUjkw ahfis aWtJ kL
gjukhlhJ. d fUJF d br jh bghUj vgJ wj
fPflUnj bjJbfhSj ntL. Ukzij tUF tf
LF mHF g cz juToa br tifna ifahsgLj
ntL. J nghnw uRitia TWlf mjnfw br eilia
ifahSj ntL. fgid nghw bgUfPfis mofo fW, ey
g bgWtJ fij a afis ehmJ bfhtjF bgJ ey
tjhF.

fgid ff ff, mtdJ fij jHf bfhl yaij

cz, mtfsJ ggho crij bjhLLj ekF ydhwJ.

g
I. bgUdh:
1. fij vgJ ahJ vw dhF nthbth, nfhy{ Mnah
TW sff ahit?

2. , #hu, gtz Kt Mnah TW fij af

ahit?

3. fijFa eafis fg ciuFkhW ahd?

II. beLdh:
1. fij aghf nkdhlPf TW fUJfis mtF
nguha v.itahis ciuF kWfis fLiu to
tiuf.

2. fij dJ vW nguha. v.itahah tiuaWf KaY ehF

fUJfis fLiu to jUf.

III. bkhw tsg:

1. fij lfhy ts g Mafis mQ mf.
beLghf, fhaf, jghlf, Jfij, FWgh (iAT)
vW fij gntW totfnshL mKf bfhSf. Ekh
gwjf va ghtofis vG gHFf. ah totf, rj
xf, Fu VwjhnthL gofjf ia eilf Kjat
Mt fhLf.
ghgh - xUgo
nghL - to
LF - kh,o
MfL - xU beho
mbjd - sfhbeo
- ghujhr
(rKjyt ehlf)

135
 2. brhbwhl Kiwf

bjhlto iya m gyif x ga - f rhL

l vUjjh. f Fof bjhlto iya l xJ
jUkh vd? brhbwhl fj iH J. thnw Ky
oUJnghdh vgjF Kyo UJ nghdh vgjF
ntWghL Ugij czuyh. F gHf ilF vw bjhliu
F gHf ilF vW vGdh giHa f ilF vW
bghU khWtij fhzyh.

IV. brhfis nrJ l L vGJ tKiwf

1. ntWik cUfis nrJ vGJf.
v.fh. vDila L
oUJ nghdh
2. xUbrh jikila bjhif brhfis nrnj vGj ntL.

v.fh. Foj, brobfho, btobghU, jFl.

3. Jizidia Kjik idnahL nrnj vGjntL.

v.fh. goUnw, tJL, bfhLjhW.

4. il brhiy jyhfhJ.

v.fh. mtjh

5. clgLbk L vGJ lf nrnj vGj ntL.

v.fh. tuiy, tjl

6. vQ bgafis nrnj vGj ntL.

v.fh. IgbjhW, uL.

V. tU bjhlfis nrbjG bjG UbghU
fhf.
1. vGth gaiy
2. gyif bjh
3. yhjt
4. fLtnj
5. FWgu
6. flij ff
7. Ugo
8. fhty

136
VI. njitahd lf td bkfis L vGJf.
1. j Xa mikj tz br Xa bgh eik ftwd.

2. bra khnj nghw nrhH nguua br Unkf brjgij

e flik vd fUd nghY.

3. jiy rhj vw yt bgUkh jdJ fhaF knkfiy

Jw vnw bgalh.

4. j brhd ngija brhd gj brhd gd bgWgnth

vwh fg.

5. ntLt bgf isahl nghtJL vW rgtj rhu

ghLwJ.

137
 4. thif
stHfdh

gilfhyJ kfthif mtjF MuhtjF f g

jUtJ. rf fhy e Kndhf vgo vgo thjhf? vd vd
eikf mtfl wUjd? fhy thw eh mtf thif
KiwfUJ bjJbfhsToa Ujf vbddnth? vW mJ
bfhtjF ekJ kd vtsnth ntif bfhSwJ. giHa j fis
Muh nghJ it f sfkhfnt ydhwd.

thif
mfhyJ kf thifia bgJ UUjhf.
cgjF xGfhf thtjF xUtnuhblhUt mdh mstsh
ktjF w cfSF Unjh eikf brtjF jhK vfhyK
MjunthoUgjF thifna trahdbjgJ mtf fUJ.
thif Ka brgtfS tfisna UtSt,

KathU bsyh jiy

vW wjh. ahnuhL ikahf ngRj, eL iyikahf Uj,

awtiu wF cjbrj, w brj cjia vfhuz bfhL
vW kwthUj Kja eafbsyh mtfSila wj
bfhiffshf gHffshf Ujd.

tUth
thif ththF bghU njLtJ xU flikahf UwJ.
mjfhf mtf ggy bjh tiffis nkbfhoUjhf. cH,
thf, ber Kjait mbjh tiff y. nf kiyfS fhLfS
flfiufS tskhf Uwd. btWbtfS cL. mfF Uj
kf mt lfSF jf bjh Kiwikfis cghJ
bjJ bfhlhf. kiygffUgtf njbdLgJ, id
ijgJ, HfftJ Kja bjhfis fhL yfUgtf iu
nkgJ, ghfiltJ, tuF isgJ Kja bjhfis talf
Ugtf cH brtJ, efuikgJ, M tJ Kja bjhfis
flfiufUgtf KJ FgJ, c isgJ, kufyny
miyfl brW thf brtJ Kja bjhfis brJ bghUnjo
tjhf. m Ku Ku D vjidnah tifahd bjhfis czJ,
ts FJ thjd.
xWik
tf go ggy lfY ggy bjhfis
cilatfshUjhY vyhU xU jh t wjJnghynt
xUtUbfhUt J ntWghoyhk caj m thif
sUjd. vyhU ehL kf; vyhUF xU jbkh caJ;

138
vyh CfS X C nghwdnt vD xWik vz mtfl
nknyhUjJ.
ahJ Cnu ahtU nf
vgJ mtf khdkhd bfhif.
vyhU xwhf mkJ cz bfhthf. jkF, fyj cwnthL
Ukz brJbfhtJ cL. j kfbsyhU xUtUbfhUt
cwduhfntUjd. jdh mtfSF vyhUila cjfS ilf
lUjJ. iyahd bjh tiffshY fiyahj cw KiwfshY
ftiy J kdbthWikah mtf kJ thUjik, mtfsJ
fsfkw mHa csij vLJ fhLwJ. jnkhL gHatf jkF
eR CoD, jktf vD fnzhljh mjid kwhk cL, nkY
mtfnshL gHF nehfKilatfshf mfhy bgnahf thUjhfsh.
Kij UJ enlh bfhL
eR cg eeh ff
vW eiz ik FfgLwJ. nkikia m nghJ
ekF cs f cUFwJ. jifa fyj kdghikiana mtf ehff
vW fUdhfbswh, mtf cskhikjh vts bgaJ! jik
nghw kfl cnea vgJ yhjtiu ehff vW brhtjF
tiyanwh! Mdh, rffhy Kndhfnsh, mtif e ehffuh
sUjd!

f
m tsF mjdh bjh brJ bghU njLtjF w
eikfSF cjahFgo mtf fait fUjhf bgU
tjhf. milatfns vyh cilatf; m yhjtf vd
cilatuhUjhY vJ yhjtfns vgJ mtf fUJ. mjifa
mit jf f gdh milayh vd mtf tbjjhf.
UtSt
................. khjF
fwidJ CW m
vW TWtJbfhL J bjagL. jdh fia mtf vF eygo
tsJ tu nejJ.
fwtf vj ntWik fUjhk, kfgL tjd. ijg,
wX md clt WS
w ghyh jh kd
xUFo wj gnyh US
_njh tUf vdhJ mtU
milnah MW muR brY
ntWik bjj ehgh YS
gh xUt f
nkgh xUtD mtf gLnk

139
vW weh} tUw X mUikahd ghL F id TjFaJ.
murf Tl vjifa ntWghL fUjhk fwtfis jkF Mafshf
fU mtf bjF t jtwhkY mghf elJ tj cik
UJ sFwJ. mfhy kf ts mUikahf fia
ngh tjikdhnyjh, mtf thif mbth FJ, kw ehLfSF
eho t t kfSF ey vLJfhlhf JyFwJ.

mfhyij l fhy f m F vW brhtjiy.

Vbdwh, mfhyUj nkikahd m thj gHf tHff
fhy iy. fwtfl vjifa ntWghL fUjhk mtf f
eybkhnw fU kgJ, fhy mUikahf UwJ. eikngh
wj kf yiu jhjtbuW yiu cajtbuW wgsthf
ntWik ghuhLtJ, nghJ eilbgWwJ. Mdh mfhynyh, w vyh
cF xF; brafSF Vwgo btntW tifahf fUjgL vD
bgUjikahd wj bfhif sUjJ. gy efUJfis d
mtf j thif filoJ xGdikah, fa khikF
rf fhy wj rhwhf fwJ.

fdh mit sFjY bjhfdh bghUis bgUFjY

thifdh midtF cjahUjY fyj kdghikdh
vtlY ntWghoyhk ehffuh cyjY eKndhf wF
ey milahsfshUwd. mfUJfis nghJ filoJ xGdh,
fhyY thif khikgLtjF tL.

Ka
xbthUtU VnjD xU bjh brnj bghU njLtJ vDbfhif
mnghJ nt%UjJ. mjdh uj vgij mkf f thf
fUd. uthkUF iyia
wfil bryhm brt

vW T kjd. MfSF ntLbkW ugJ thf fUjglJ.

jhnd KaW njo mjF ju ntLbkgJ fUJ.

jdh, j Kadh tUw bghUisna xUt bry brtjF

cat vD nkikahd bfhifia mtf filoJ tUwhf
vW bjwJ.

csJ ijngh csbud glhm

vgJ FWbjhif. w bghUSF mtf Uwtf my vgJ

UJ bjJ bfhsyh.

mjifa mUbgU thifuf xU Kayhk irbaLJ

cQ bjhiy vsjidahD UtbuW idj TLkh?
VbjhU Ka brtjF ayhj * cWgiwf, ahs Kjnah wl

140
bghU vghgJ xUthW bghUJ. dt Mju bgWtjF ca
vW Tw neU lf
w jL cW lK,
TD FwS CK brL
kh kUS csgl
vW weh}W,
fhzh, nfsh, fhKlgnlh,
ngzh kf, ngrh, nah,
got neha, gneh cnwh,
koe Tj khf ahtU
vW knkfiy Wgiwf Kjnahiuna vLJ fhLwd.

ta j tis gfnyna isJ GJ lF be giu

X v fJ j tisF nrJ bfhtJ nghw va Kaiaila
kfis Kndh bgJ mUtUjd. jh brY irdh jdJ
lgf J lF gia J fbzLJ ghuhk kWeh xU
bga ahidnahL nghL mjid tygf mjidna czthf
bfhw xU ianghw bgU Kaila kfis mtf kJ
ghuhod. go weh} TwgLwJ. Mjyh, jh bgJ KaW njL
bghUisna mtf jkFajhf fUJtbugJ jkJ brayh tUtnjahD
va Ka tUtij mtf mts nkikahf kahbugJ eF
sF.

c g
kf w yF wF nkyhdJ. kf w MwhtJ m
cilaJ. mJ kd m, jF dJ jfhjJ dJ vW bjj m;
thif wgjF VJthdJ. gil j kf jkJ kj wFa
id brhbrafS cilatuhUjd. mjfhd eKiwikfis mtf
jkJ thif Kiw tFJ bfhld; mtiw viyD filoJ
wd; VidnahU filoJ xGf cjd. d kfSFa
cuit c Fzfis tsgnj mtf nehfkhUjJ.

xsitah makh beLkhdia g TWw fUJiu bahW

f ftahf UwJ. fil nfh gWjFaJ. mgoUJ,
mjid o w brUL tHf cL. LF mjdh liy.
mJnghy, makh, ianghw bgUuKilatdhD mjid csl
bfhL j FofnshL xUtdh fyJ j Mw bjahjgo jikahf
Ughdh. MD, fil nfhiy filjh btgLtJ nghy tid
giftf djh, tdJ bgU u btna Wkh.

cWgiwf - CdKnwh

141
 ..................... beLkh d
iw bra bPnfh nghy
njhwh Uf ty; kwj
fhWgL fidba nghy
njhw ty jh njhW fhny
vW tU mof fUij mwd. Mjyh, rf fhy rhnwh,
kf wFa cFzf cilatuh mtiw jFaJ gagL
bfhL eKiw thJ tjdbuW bjwJ.

Uj
nkY m bgUkf, vfhyK jik enyhuhf UbfhL
nght fUJilatf. eho eytf FUfntL bkgnj
mtf fUJ. cyf vjifajhUjhY jh eytuhUjh vyh
eyitahUFbkgJ mtf Ko. thif KndwJF ijl
Ujkhd tntW iy. cyf ehlhfthtJ UfL; fhlhfthtJ
UfL; vnf eytfUwhfnsh mnf mJ eyjhf UF
vD fUJf weh} xU gho fhzgLwd.
ehlh bfhnwh fhlh bfhnwh
mtyh bfhnwh irah bfhnwh
vt eyt uhlt
mt eiy tha ynd
vgJ mghl. vts fakhd fUjhf J fwJ. gil j
kf caj FnfhfSl, vfhyY cyfJF vLJfhlhd
Kiw, e ehffuhf thJ sd bugJ thwh eF bjagL.

g
I. bgUdh:

1. gHj kf nkbfhl bjhfis g vGJf.

2. e Kndhf eehffuh sa ghikia sFf.

3. mfhyJ fna wjjhf stHfdh fUJjF fhuzf ahit?

4. gHj khj bga Kaiana kJ xGd vgjid sFf.

5. <ifg jkf wJ sa jikia sFf.

II. beLdh

1. gil j kf eehffuh saik cFzfis

ngh thjik g xU fLiu tiuf.

2. e jkhj filoJ xGa xWik cz <if g xU fLiu

tiuf.

142
III. bkhw tsg:

xbthU ehoF mj kut bgUfijfS FWfhafS

ufhafS cL. ekJ jHF ca mjifa fijfis khzt
mUgJ k miltJ ntL. J e Kndh brhJ vw
cik cznthL mQFj ntL. gh-fy e, mit-ma m,
nfhbgUnrhH-uhijah bgUe, nrukh fizfh Ubghiw
khd, t X yhw, nru nrhH ghoa kdf uK <uK Ma
gHbrfis mJ bfhf. rf fhyJ u, bfhil Kja brfis ehlf
totkhf g Hhf eoJ fhLf.
(v-L)
fizfh Ubghiw - u ciu.
ffhtst eiuKoJ Kiw brj.
Fkz jGF jiyiaju KtjJ.
IV. milFf: xiw iwnfhL, uil iwnfhL, gfu
mil.
xiwiwnfhL tU lfS y:

1. bkhbga: bjhiyfh (Television) vgJ eh Clff

(media) KjikbgW sFwJ.

2. bghUTw: iybkh (mjhtJ Kj w bkh)

3. brhtUj: kyuo (jhkiu) ky nghw ghj.

uil iwnfhL tU lfSy;

1. gytfSF bghJthd br


fzdJ fUw
fzdJ mHF } Mwh ntWik jHik

2. fhy lF:

l: jrh
eh: 10-2-2004
gfu mil tUl: tFagF
}
xUikl dJ Ukyuo idw cjk j cw
ntL.
3. ngR vgJ Vt idKW. ngRf vgJ anfh idKW.
My mUTJ, ja brJ ngRf vD bghU tU Please
Speak vW brhYtij ngRf vW Tdh nghJ mnj bghUis jU.
Please Speak - ngRf.
Please Bring - bfhzf.
Please Type - jlR brf.

143
V. fhQ bjhlf Vw lf td bkfis Lf.
1. befh, jhfh, fLfh Ma _W ruFfis bfhlJ giy
vdgL.

2. bfhir brhfS tGc brhfS Fahf HFtjh j ya

eilia wff TLnkh?

3. fiyJiw, bkhJiw, kUJtJiw, irJiw, rkaJiw

MatF Mufh goj Ma gbgJ mnwh.

4. jir Ma ghiy, tl ghiy, nfhz ghiy, rJughiy vw ehF

ir Kiwf Ujd.

5. VL Rtof j kUJt brf bghJ itfgLsd.

VI. fhQbjhlf njitaw lf cs td

bkfis vGJf.
1. ghrh fzid ghJ fzh fhgh vW Tdh.

2. thf j vW mtdh brhdh mJ brh vdF.

3. nuh nrhnwh vJ iljhY cL brnt.

4. fyguz tsiw x RLnrhW fhf cld.

5. nrhWbfhwJ nghj mLigFiw vwl brW ghjh.

VII. fhQ ku bjhlf cbghUsJ brhbwhl mikJ

gHFf.
jiy itJ bfhlhL th s fhlhnj

Kf miwjh nghy uil ehF ngt

fiz cWJwJ giy foJ bfhL

fh RWj KJ F lh

_fWgLnghdh fh bt C bfhL wh.

144
 5. M jHU
bkhPhW. njtneaghthz

vyh ehoY viy ehffY MthdJ mUikah

nghwgLtnjahD jeho mJ jiywg nghwglbjgJ vtU kW
bfhzhjJ.

kfehff F, Kiy, kUj, efu vd ehF iyfisilaJ.

mtW Fnyna jHF myJ jH KndhF mbjhl
UUj ntL. Vbd, MthdJ Kj Kj F ynf ca
yfh. FiaaLj Kiy yUj Ma Mil khil
bgUthah tsJ mt Cid ghiy cL thjd. mt
MoD khilna wgh tsjd. Mit nkgt Ma vd bga bgwik
ftfjfJ.

M vD bga jfhy bg ghiyna FD, Kfhy

UghF bghJth UjJ. J dfu rhia bgW M vd F.

M - vUik, kiu t bg, (thfu.) ML, kh, kiu, Hh, flik,

khL vgit Kiwna xbdhW J ntWgl dkh.

kh vgJ yF bghJ bgauh Fiu bgauhKsJ. Fiu

khidnghy ntfkh XlToaJ. toY Xus mij xjJ. kh vgJ dfu
rhia bgW khid Fiuia FgJl yF bghJ bgauhUF.
flkh (fl+kh) vgJ fhlhF fhblUikF bga. jdh, M vD
bgaUF kh vD bgaUF X iaUgij czuyh. uL dfu
rhia bgWtJ F nehfjfJ.

kh vD bganu M vW Ufyh. khmm vW KfhuL khL

khbtdglJ. kh-M: kh -M, kh-kh- khL xnehF. fh-fh-fhL-
mt-thL (bjYF) M vgJ Kj khL vW bghUgL gRF
tiuaWfglJ. gilyf KGik khnl, kf brtkhUjJ. mjdh
brt khbldglJ.
nfo Gbrt f bahUtUF
khly kiw ait (Fw. 400)
kfSF Kiy ynyna cH njhW. mJ kUj y
wgiljJ. Kd br gU d ebr gU isfgld.
khL UyjhUF CD ghY cjaJl, Utif ntshikF
cGiwJjaJ.
gfL elj T,

vwJ ehyoah.

145
 kho CD ghY kLky, njh, bfh, curid (nuhrid), th k,
rhz Kja w gagld. il Ju bra mLbgf gU
Ful rhz cjtJ. wj cz kUJkha jU nkhU btbz
be ghU bjLfgld. d, czit isgJ jhD
cztgJ ntW gtifY cjtJkha khodij brtkhf kL
kf nghY fU tjd Kid jH. gh Kj bepwhfs IJ
IaKj (grhUj) vdgL.

M MntW (fhis) f gagLtJg mt tu fL

Kiwna v mik tjh. mtSF L, v mg tjh. mtDF
j fhL vW miufis Ttjd cHt. it iztG
bfLJfhlhf yfz tt Twgld. mnjhL, rhj rh,
bfhw bfh, Klt Kl, bfhLw kUj, bfhLw kU Kja
kf bgafisna MF MntWF L miHjd. mit, abga,
idbga, idKjbga vd _tif u bgauhf bjhfha
Twgld. (brh 174) `rhj tjJ Klt tjJ, rhj D, rh
fD Kja brhyfhu ciubaLJfhLfis nehFf.

fhis kffhf f ciHdh khLngh YiHj vD

tHbfGjJ. fhis, liy vD bgaf ctikahF bgauhf kwtF
FWgurF tHtjd. iliw bghUgLjhk vLj fhaij
KoF wnth gfbld fHglh.
kLjth bayh gfldh Dw
Lf lgh LilJ (Fw. 624)

isP tikia atjF VW jGj, (bfhnyiw oJ

Wj) msitahf bfhsglJ. Kiy yDs MaU VWjGd
isPnf bg bfhLJ tjd.

M thiy vU thiy g MHkhd Miw fljd. vUJ

Cahf cj bgh RkjJ. W toGwJ.

M MntWkha uL kfF gagLtntD mtW,

Mnt mikilik mKjjY Ugh fDjYg wghf
nghwglJ. ghjh gRnghy, ghjh nghy vgJ gHbkh. MF thiw
Kgulw bfhilfS xwhf bfhsglJ. HF bghUS M
thglh Mfkh vD fU, ghHh nghwJ gR thny vD
gHbkh baGjJ. jh clij L j th bfhzJ mirL brf
brtJg, MthdJ jiy khzhfF ctikahf TwglJ.

M d jbghUL, MbaW ML FbaD

brhygl jf CbjhW elgoUjd.

kfsh thjgL bghUfS M xwhW. mWKiw thJ

vD bjhfha gFiu (bjh. bgh. 81) KtU ghghU Miu

146
kiH Koil ntjU cyF, vD mWtiu thj vW ciujd
edha. kf ethF M xU fhuz vgij cznj mij
thd jH.

thf mjz thdt Md,

vwh UPhd rgjU.

Mf kfisngh kL mtD nkyhf ik myJ

bjt jikilathf fUjgld. xU ehoYs Miu, ftuh
myJ giftuh ftugo, mJ ik Fiyryhf ngHghf
fUjgL fLnghUF fhuzkhW. Mko aWj khbgU FwkhW.
Mbfhiynah brhy ntoaiy.

ad brahj brnfh kdU ntW ehil bfhs fU mehL

Miuia j kwt thyh ftnjhd. y MF nfhbyLJ
tgld. J gFjHj fhy fjJ.

MF nfhbtW bga. Kiy yjhF myJ ilaF

M vD bgaW Ma vD bga VglJ. nfh-gR. (fy.) vUJ
(yfz sf.) nfh vD brh tlbkhUgjh mJ tlbrhyh
lhJ. Wfzfhd abjbrhf nkiyaha bkhfD brW
tHFwd. jh vD idbrh jj brh vgJ cyf tHfhY
jhbt s xngh Tnw" vD bjhfha ghthY magL.
MD, mj bjhbgauhd jhd vgJ tlbkh brW tH tl
brhyhf fUjgLwJ. jh vD id nj vW y njh
vW tHFwJ.
nfh + m = nfht = ila
nfht iu ld, (tf - 455).
nfht vD bga nfh vW FWF. mjnk M FbgW
nfhdh vd F. nfhdh vD bga Fobgauh bjhWbjhL
jHf tHFwJ.

nfht vD Ma bganu ahJ nfh nfh vd bjhF <WbfL

murid FjJ. Fof MfS mur MaD nght vD fU,
mur nfht vdglh. nfht = mur. nfhtD kfS (tf - 1843)
mur ifYs brnfhY mt Ma nghwt vD fUij tWJ.
jt rka Ma My nkg (shepherd) vW miHfglJ
fUJgna. fl midJyFF murhdhdjhY Ma Miuia
fhgJngh mt kfis fhJ tUtjhY, mtU nfht vdglh.

nfht = t. (mfeh}W - ynfhit.)

gR vD tlbrh bfhif kfis myJ cfis FgJ

ftfjfJ. Mkh vD j brh fhLgRit FF. M vD
bga dfu rhia bg, Mkh vgJ Mkh vwhF. Mdha kh vgJ j

147
bghU. brhny tlbkh Mkh vwhF. Mkh vD brh ciu
Mkh vD tlbrh clig wgh Fjiy nehFf.

nfh vD Fiwbrh murid jijia FF nfh tD

nf (f 116) vDl jijia FjJ.

Miy yf vW nkYyf xU gF bga bgwJ fhknjD

vD fj Mgnah, fz gnah, ntW fhuz gnah, my.

JfhW Tatwh, jHF MbthL bjhWbjhl bjhlblW

MbtD bga nghnw nfh btD bgaU j jbrhbyW
tlbkh Ugitbayh tlbrhyybtW Ma brW tHF
jbrh gygybtW M mUik bgUikia jH brtndaJ
mjF jf mjid nghtjd buW kf Mfshf murD flS
Mauhf fUjgld buW fUnj cf MkhbtW bjbkhY
gRbtW tlbkhY FfbgwikF fhuzbkW bjJ bfhf.

g
I. bgUdh:

1. kf ehffnjhL khoF bjhlL vgjid ghthz TWkhW

ahd?

2. khL vgJ brt nghy fUjgl fhuzf ahit?

3. u bgauhf yfz brhygLtd khLf bgUga fUna -

vw ghthz Tid sFf.

4. wYila isPF khL ctikahf Twgljid sFf.

5. M wfshf ghthz jJiugd ahit?

6. mWKiw thJ - sFf.

7. M bjtjikilaJ vgjid vLJfhLf.

8. Ma vw bganu murid FF nfh vdglJ vgjid sFf.

II. beLdh:

1. jHF MbthL bjhWbjhl bjhl cL vgjid ghthz

fUJf tna Wf.

2. nfh, nfht - vD brhfis ga ghthz fUJfis bjhFJ

tHFf.

3. Mkh, Mkh - vgd a jbrhfns vW ghthz ciut Wf.

148
III. bkhw tsg:

jj vgJ mRWj bghUsW, f aghf ekh

eilKiwgLj Toanjah. mJ tikilajW; bkik be
cilanjah. j bganu jhFjY, va aj awtiu ngRjY,
vGJjY, nfh tghL Ukz Kja rlFfS j tnyna
eljY ahtF Mf Toanj. y tHfgLdh gy gWtJ
cyf eilKiwna. vdnt Kj j bga jhFjY jbgaLjY
brf. tJ wbkh ngrf. ajh ekJ jhbkhnyna ciuahLf.
gbkhyik bfhs jhbkhyik tfhL vgij csbfhf.

IV. td Flf mbthWfis blGJf:

1. gl gfny ghtyF njhWw beil fd.

2. gf s gtif bghUis bjhFahf brhYj M.

3. fthF jS ciy fshF jshJ nj cyF.

4. njUis u thuzbjhF iwf bfhL tU kd

5. bjh_jhyJ bgh njha eh nfhr.

6. gil gygilJ gynuhLQ brt.

V. y tlhu kufis mJ bfhf:

1. a UHh Fia FbaW aiy a vW
brhYj ku.

2. ts Fj ghf K is btshikia btgJ ku.

3. sFiu (rhwKJ) rhjKJ vgJ itzt ku.

4. Ukz Kja kfy ffSF W nttjid bfhlif bagJ

bro ehL ku.

5. Maiu Ia vnw miHgJ nt M tljh ku.

6. mjij crhW vgJ uf nfh ku.

VI. eyj Uj C bgaf, fls bgaf fhyngh

tlbkh khwgld. mtWy:
Utuf - $uf

Uwgy - jgu

UkiwfhL - ntjhua

UKJFw, gHkiy - Ujhry

mfaf - dh

149
 mwtsjh - jkrtj

vd bfhwit - busu Jif

Iahwg - greRtu

Fl_F - Fgnfhz

thbeLf - ffne

brbgh gah - brhzRu

beLf - rhyh

ahD ebkhah - zhkJugh

njbkhghit - kJutr

gHkiyehj - UjRu

VII. ghl fUJfis bjhFJ tHFtjF VwthW Ff

vLJ gHFf.

150
 6. f ya ea
lhl. m. jguehj

f ya ea vgjid g TWtjF Kdh, bghJthf

f ya ea F fhzgLtJ agW vW TWj ntL.
fis Tw vGjit f Mdjh, thW elf ntL vW
J, thW elf TlhJ vW y brtJ f a
Mdjh, mf wj fea fhgJ mjhfjh UF. ey
fij nehf kfF TWtjW vW brhy J nkdhL
Muhahs y fUnfg, e ehoY y fhy fha,
ya tU fUij nehf ntlh; gij khu bfhSf
vwhf; J xbfhs ToajW. yaf gij nghy,
Xaij nghy, eldij nghy xU Efiyahf kfgL g
eFbkW vghfgl ntLtJ cikjh. Mdh, tUfiyfSF
yakha fiyF xU ntWghL cL. mJ ahbjwh, g, Xa
KjatDila nehf g gagbjhnw ahf ya nehf
mjndhL yhk kfSila thifia gLj cjtjhf Uj
ntL vgnj.

jdh mJbfhsjfd uL cikf; thifia gLj

mikj f y ya ea bgUj TL vgJ xW. ey
yaf y, g gagnjhL yhk thifia nkgLj TL
vgJ kbwhW.

jYs mwfis g ngr bjhlF vtU UFwis Kj

idj a. <f, brh TWf, Unjhf vd J, bgh Twf,
f czf, bfhiy braf vd y brY mwny ya
ea UFnkh vd Iagl ntlh. TWnghJ eagl brhYjF
rhjhuz kjDF bjahJ. Mdh, UtStUF bjaiyba,
ahUFjh bj! uw xUtDF iybaW TwhJ bghUSst
bfhLf ntLbkW Tw Uwh UtSt.xU bghUis vdF <f vd
xUt uj ilJ vgij mth. Vnjh X mta VgL ahnj
untL vw iy, xUt ugjhf itJbfhnth. miy,
ntbwhUt o FJ, j Fiw dJ vd brhy bjhlbrhy
eh vHhk mt wh. mt tJ w iyia fllnd, mt
jl xU bghU nto tUwh vgij m brt TrhJ iy'
vd brhwh. iybaw brhiy nfl khu, uwt c
ngh LwJ. iybaw lnkh brhYwt thtna tjJ. Mdh
mtid xW braiyna! vd ij!! mj neu mgo brh
brhdt c vnfahtJ kiwUf ntL. vj iuny FJ mneu
xJbfhlnjh bjaiyna! iybad nflt khjh; Tdt
khaiyna! bghUis itJ bfhL tHfkh bfLwt Ujh
vd, wjh vd? j fUJf midij UtSt Tw fUdh.

151
mtiw TWtjF bga fLiu vGjiy. m, skhf Magh
ghliy. v brjh? xnw Kfh mony xU Fwgh adh.
mJjh J:
fugtF ahbfhF bfhnyh, ugt
brhyhl nghX c,
iybaW xUt brhyhl, ugtF c nghwJ; iybaW
kiwgt c vnf ngh xJbfhwnjh bjaiyna vw msnt
Fwgh brhtJ nghy nknyGj thah ghnghF njhW. MJ
nehdh, vts wj eafis jgh mlbfhoUwJ W
br vgJ sF. mjdh jh, fLif JisJ Vfliy fo
FWfjj Fw vd ilfhldh Td nghY!
cy gyUF gy bjhiy iwt l oFfhny
mikUwh vw brhiy UtSt nfoUwh. xU eh mt vnu
xUt fdh tjh nghY! tjt irfhu. mt neW ahjt,
_wheh ahjt, W ahfjh ntLnkh vd mRwt. M
v brtJ, jiy vGatzjhnd elF, uJjh MfntL vW
vdh. mjFshf bdhU vz mtDF njhW. ahgJ
xU bjhyh? cy dhF dJ bjh vd uk tFgjhf
itJbfhnth. mbjhf xwhf ahjiy nrJ vdhdh
uk? vdh Mdh, mtnd mj bjhiy bfhr ghfL.
cfhj lijL mirahk gilJ bfhoUgij LL, j
cyF tuL. tJ bjUbjUthf mygL miyaL. mbghGJjh
mth ujbwh vts thdJ vgij thdbjhiw vdF
v nghwtfSF xU bjhyhf uk tFjh vwh, mt xU gh.
mj ghgjh mt xU w vLfL. mw khl wah UfL.
khldh, khd L, utydh tJ nruL. nghw lny clnd
czit fhir iria bgwhk, gy Lf gy bjUf miyaL.
miyJ bfblhaL! thW mirfhu fUajh xU fdh flh
nghY UtSt! mj gadh xU Fw vGdh. mFw,
uJ cthj nto guJ
bfLf cya ah
vgnj. vts bga fdhit vJiz FWa mof bjJlh!
Jjh ya ea. yif giljt ahtdhD, mt ujiy
xUbjhbyd gilJ mbjhyh y c ththuhf vd Ughdh,
mtD bjUnjhW guJ J JWthdhf vd TWw Fw,
udh tU mrij vts bfhLikilajhf gl oJ fhLwJ!
uj bfhoJ vw ia fhl U UtSt vts wj
yakhf ulofis mikJlh!

y ctikfis ifahS jnyna UtSt f eaKlhf

FwsikUgij fhnwh.

152
cjhuzkhf,
miwgiw ad fatjh nfl
kiwwF cJiuf yh
vgij nehFnth. fat kf. kfis jgl Ma giwF
xghf brhdh. brhdjF fhuz ahJ? jid jLwh xUt.
jlny mt ifdh xiw mwh. mjid mj giw gy
fh nrwJ; gy lf bfhL nrwJ. mij nghy, ufaij
wl ngh kf bjJLwhf. ahnuh xUt xU br ufa
vW xUtl bjjh. mt vd brjh vgJ bjkh? mjid
_il fo bfhL gyl nghdh. mj kiwbghUsha Rikia mtdh
jhfKoaiy. mjdh, mij bfhL ngh gyUF gF nghL
J vLJ vLJ bfhLjh. tid miwgiwadt vd UtSt
Ta mHF nehfjfJ. mj ufa mtDF ghukhf UjJ vgJ
mjid bfhLngh wF nrjh vgJ cJ' vw brhdhny
bgwgLwd. cJ' vw brh FwghF ciy. mjid
vLJL ntW vj brhiy mlJ nrjhY, ts wj eaf
njhw khlh. brhiy njbjLJ jf l ghJ itj bgUik
UtStUilaJ. fatl ufa TwTlhJ vw ia vts eagl
UtSt Tsh!

uo mwUJ bghGJ ehyo F nghnth. brt

iyngWilajW; mJ nghF jikaJ vD fUJila ehyoghL
xiw nehFnth:-
mWit o mkyh Cl
kWif lhU - tPuh
brug XlJ TbH brtbkhW
clhf itfghW mW.
mWRit oia cL fj bgUbrtU xU fhyny TiH
uJz nejhY neU. Mjyh, brtij xU bgUbghUshf kf
ntlh vd br brwJ. jD, xF xW kWjiyahf
itJ bjhLUgjh mHF fwJ. mW mWRito clt,
W cyh T Fowh. mW Mrd mkJ clt, W
elJbfhnl Fowh. mW kid Cl clt, W jna XlJ
Fowh. mW kWo nrhW ntlh ntlh vd kWJ clt, W
xU o tPdh uwh. go xF xW Kugl itJ
fhoa tifdhny, vJiz wj brtD f j tPdhj TL
Mjyh, cs nghnj mwbrf vw fUij wgl vLJ fhLwJ
ehyo. ghoF thW bghU bfhshk mkJ' vw brhiy
yh vgnjhL nrJ, kid U Cl kWJ cltf vwthW
iaJ bghU brhygL tUwJ. mgo brhtij fhoY, mWRit
coia kid Cl mkJ cltf wF tPuh uf neL
vW iaJ TWtJjh jfJ vd njhWwJ. mgo bfhlhjh,

153
ghoDila KG mHF sF. mWRitoF khwhf Tid Tdh;
yh Cl clt XlJ ahJ cwh. kW if clt
xWyh tPdh wh. thbwyh khWgl itJ Tajnfg,
mkJ clt brW uwh vnw fP Tw fUUgh vd
idnw. Jiz ea bgha brisbrj fP dh vW ma
tiy. mt aa ghL khu ehyoah vw ny fhzgLwJ.

cyny rf ng thG khjU xUtid yt xUt nehFwh.

xU eh xUtU mahkny mt oD EiHJ, mt brgtiw ghJ
bfhoUwh. mt ngh ghna ngh, ngh fh, ngh X, ngh
fdh, ngh ngfh vW vbddnth cUnghlgo Uwh. jid
kiwUJ ftwh yt. wF mt btna wgL nghwh. ytU
bjhlUwh. J gzfhu xUt o mt EiHwh. ngh ngh
vW bjhl, monaid fhjUs ntoaJ Mltid xj jfshjh
aY; iwtnd mU f. jf mU neh thGnw. gUF kiH
vgonah, v nghw tPF jhf mgo vW brh D gy mLf
bjhlFwh. ghjh yt; ghodh xU ghL.
nghna nghna baW Jbrt
njhah fbzyh bjhnlngh - Mw
g g gyiug bjyh
tW bgUkh bghUL
vgnj mghL, yt j fl bga fhia W ghony mikJ
bfhLjh. mt Tw fUabjyh tiw tsgjfhf rf ng a
ntlh vgnj. mjid vts mHfhf Kidghoah, mwberhu'
mikJ itUwh vd nehFf. rf ngRnth jt vW
nenu brhyhk, mt tid knfRtudh bgUikgLJtJ ngh
WikgLa w afjfJ. twha juh Uwhnu, mj
flis fhghw vjid bgh id RUL M khj thwhf vW
fP l uFwh. gobgh brhahtJ tW tsf ntLkh
vd yt nfgJ nghy njhWwJ. go tsfgL tW twh, Fuh vd
yt nfgJ nghy njhWwJ. tW rhia e cik flis kf
Lwhfns vd yt fyFtJ nghy njhWwJ. Jiz eagl tW
bgUkh bghUL vw xU bjhluh vts ma bga fis mwberhu
br fhLwJ!

vdnt, mw f y f ya eaKiladthf fwd

vgij xUthW fnlh.

g
I. bgUdh:
1. f bghJthd aid FJ vGJf.
2. fij nehf FJ Ma jguehj TWtd ahit?

154
 3. uJ c thj vW bjhlF Fwgh bghJs ya
eafis sFf.
4. ctikfis ifahS jnyna UtSt eaKlhf
FwsikUgij sFf.
5. brt iyngW cilajW - vgij ehyo vd eagl ewJ?
II. beLdh:
1. TW nghJ eagl Tat UtSt vgjid rhWfSl
sFf.
2. tW bgUkh bghUL kf br brafshf mwberhu TWtd
ahit?
III. bkhw tsg:
1. tf, ngho njf, ff jugL zgfis
vGJjY, wF vG bfhLjY khzhff mJ bfhs ntoa
bghJ m brfshF.
2. t gz vLF got, gz Mizgot Kjad jnyna
csd. mitayhj f zgf, ngho nj zgf,
ntiy th zgf, j tu gf Kjadtiw vG
g bgwntL.
3. gidK, tf xgjf, L kidguf Kjad jgl
bkheil thJ sFwd. mtiw khzhff mJ gof
vGj g bgwntL.
IV. njitahd lf td bkfis blGJf:
1. m Fiw, ftdFiw, wikFiw Matwh gJf
clhwd.
2. Cl rJ Fiwth fUbfhl jh FiwngWF Mshfyh.
3. ghll FkugUt ffis F csa fLiufis nrf
ntL.
4. nghij gHfjh Cfis gJ bfhSjY v nehF fhuz
MF.

5. cz bghU juFiwthf fgLtjh eR fhsh clh brkhd

FiwwJ.
V. y, s, H - ntWghL mf:
1. miy - fl miy, miyJ j
miH - TL
mis - j, ir

155
2. iy - ku ,bro, bfhof iy
iH - br, iH
is - bkJ nghj
3. ciy - rikf ciy itj, ciyfs
ciH - ghLgLj, ciH
cis - lk, nrW
4. x - Xir
x - mJL, bjhiyJ L
x - btr, gJ bfh
5. fiy - ij, fiyJ nghj
fiH - _
fis - ta fisbaLj, Kf x
6. - mr, ga
- Jlhf j, nfhL j
- xU gwit
7. jiy - Kjik, uR
jiH - , iy Kjad
jis - fLj
8. jh - fzt kidF fL d
jh - Fl, thafw ghl
jh - xUtif gid, FH jhj
9. tiy - o tiy
tiH - xUtif ku, Ruid ku
tis - bghJ, tisa, tis
10. th - y thgF, btik
th - cth, iHU
th - btL fU, x bghUa
11. thiy - sbg
thiH - kutif
this - tif

156
 7. kj thf
lhl. K. tujuhrdh

cyf gogona KndtUwJ. mj Kndwij czuhj

fhuzjh y Knghif vwhf. y cyf Kngh iyna vW
v nrh milwhf. y jh UtJ ngh iyna vW cyfij
gwhf.
cyf KndWwJ vwh, kiy fhL Vnjh khWj milwd
vgJ fUJ mW. cyf cs kf th ey khWjf VgL
tUwd vgnj fUJ MF. j KndwF ililna gy iyf
kj jLkhaJ cL. jLkh jLkh a a m CfK bgW
kj Knd tUwd. mJjh ekbfyh eifia cW
mJ tUwJ.
gTlJ Wt xUt vGj fW bfhl wF, gyif
gygK jdF brj cjia nghWtJ aif. Mdh vGJ f bgUik
cilaJ vW czuhk, gyif gygK cajit, wjit vW kadh
mij mtDila th nej xU jLkhw vnw Tw ntL. mgogl
jLkhwf kj tuyh gy nejJ cL.
kf TothHbjhlanghJ, mtfSF xUt jiytdhf UJ
tfhodh. mt jiyt vgjfhf mt jiy xU KoNo mt
if xU nfhY bfhLjd. mthW y jiyKiwf elj wF, mj Ko
nfhY cajdthf nghwgld. mtiw cilat kd vdglh.
kfSfhf kd thH ntL vgJ kwJ, kdDfhf kf thH ntL
vD _leif wF VglJ. Ko nfhY cilat vtdhf UjhY,
mtid bjtkhf ngh moga ntL vW mj _leif tsjJ.
J X jLkhw iy.
gy Mu MLf fj wF j jLkhw tjF t VglJ.
gyif gygK wjit my vW gTl Wt cztJ ngh,
Ko nfhY wjit my vW kj czu bjhld. Mfnt, xU
ehil MtjF jF cilatiu njbjLf ntL vW, mthW
njbjLgjF t tFf ntL vW Kawd. mj Kaah
VglJjh njj Kiw. njj Kiw beLfhykhf f UJ
tUwJ. gy To ifia caJtj _ykhf Fl XiyUJ
njbjLgj _ykhf e ehoY gy whLfSF KUnj njj
Kiw UJ tjJ.
mj njjf, Ko nfhY bgUj wigna ntW uL
fUf bgWld. mitfns, brtK brthF. gugiuahf brthF
cilatfS yy gilJ brtuhf thgtfS njj W bt
bgW jiytuhf tu KojJ. Ko brnfhY wghf nghwglJ nghy,
brtK brthF kfSF gagLtJ kh, ehL kf vyhU

157
xU yUila brtij brthif fhgjfhf gagld. J
ulhtjhd jLkhwiy, kj thfhf cja tj Ko nfhY
xU w: brtK brthF xU w: thW tsj ts jLkhwK
tuyh vyh ehLfY fhzyh. D mt RtLf csd. gz
Ujh jiyik gjnah, mLj gjfnsh, v ilF iyik W
csJ.
mLj iy kbwhU khWj nejJ. mj brthF V gugiuahf
Uf ntL? atf V j wikahY ciHghY brthF bgW
jiyik bgw TlhJ? thW y vanghJ xU t njhaJ. njj
fhy Muo Jwhk, mjF KUnj xU Tlij nrJ
fLgL itJ, mj Tl Jizia cjia bfhL njj
bt bgw ttFjd. mJjh faik vgJ. y xU f mikJ
brthF bgWtij flJ ntWy nrJ kbwhU f mikJ
brthF bgw Kawd. ff ffnshL nkhJj aif MW. kf
thfhf Kj ff njhd. Mdh W cs iy, ff
thtjfhfnt kf fUahf gagl ntosJ. J xUjLkhw iy.
Ko nfhY wghf Uj fhy mtiw fhgjfhf gilfS
gil fUfS gagld: iwa M KiwY gilfS gilfUfS
mthW gagLwd. MD, mt k w FiwJ tUwd.
J xUgo Kndw vnw Twyh. W ffis fhghw gagLtd
nkilfS giffS vW Twyh. kf gHfhy gilfis
gilfUfis fL kaaJ ngh, iwa kf giffis
nkil ngRfis fW nfL kaFwhf. j kafK JL.
giff vGJtd vyh cik my. nkil ngrgLtd vyh cik
my. mtiw fwhY nflhY cikfis Muha bjJ bfhs
ntL. vbghU ah ahth nfD mbghU bkbghU fhgJ
m vw bj kfSF VgL fhy tJ bfhoUwJ. mj bj
Vgl wFjh, ngh gilfis fL kafhjJ ngh, f njjfis
fL kf kaf khlhf. ngh ntoaiy vW mPf KHFtJ
ngh, uhknjhW ciHJ thG kf j VkhW njj Kiwna
ntoaiy vW czthf. miy, uhk kf vij fL
kafhk j TLwit ciHignk e thH bjhlFthf. Ko, nfh,
gz, gj, f, njj vD vj bgaiu brh kfis Vf KoahJ.
vyh kj thF cjt tj fUf. fUf gadW nghFkhdhY
ilwhf njhWkhdhY mtiw wff kjF cik cL. mit
vyh ait. kj thnt bgaJ. kj th cikahd mogilahf
csit uL. xW TLw, kbwhW ciH. j uL cstiu
kj thF, ahbjhU Fiw iy. TLwF ilW tjh,
mijbty mwgil ntL. ciHF gr tjh, mijbty cGy
ntL. RuLnthU RulgLnthU yhj - rh rka f Kjatwh
Vwjh yhj - rKjha miktjF Jnt tahF.

158
 g
I. bgUdh:

1. Kndw vgJ g K.t.ciugd ahit?

2. Kj jLkhw vW K.t. FgJ ahJ?

3. njjY xU jLkhwnk vW K.t. ciugdtiw sFf.

4. xU go Kndw vW K.t. ciugJ ahJ?

5. Vwjhyhj rKjha mika K.t. fhL tf ahit?

II. beLdh:

1. njj Kiwf g K.t. vLJiuF fUJf ahit?

2. kj thnt bgaJ vD mogil K.t. ciuF vfhy fd

ahJ?

III. bkhw tsg:

1. fbgw mua tYef tuyhWf yff fhz

ilwd. cyif kha mua ufis g mf. eLiynahL
fUJfis kL Vf gYf. jkj tghLf fUJfis
mf. mlho, shnlh, rhuOR, fhkh, vbfR
Kjyhd mua beahsfis mJ ckJ mit Tik brJ bfhf.

2. njj fhyJ KHffis foUf. fhQ jiyfSF Vg

y KHffis vGJf.

RWNH ghJfh

kiH nr

v z

midtUF f

(v-L Tlh xGf v neh bfhLF jRfSF kufns gR)

IV. njitahd lf td bkfis L vGJf:

1. brt Wfh! uhl nghJ," vwh nfhij.

2. btja brof nk L jf f.

3. bfh mj nfh.

4. l nghdh Kl gif.

5. rhiu gh FU To EiHjJ.

159
V. tfh lf cs tbyGJfis vGJf.
1. vbdhL nghj sbfho eif.

2. ofhiy ntis RLnrhW M gkhwTLkh.

3. btyh fyfybtW jh.

4. FF btW ifkoy NjJ.

5. JwFoYF tj Wt uL ng.

VI. y mYtyf fiy brhfSF jHhf mf.

bufh - Mtz

brful - bray

nknd# - nkyhs

ig - nfh

nuhneh - x L

ghf - Kf khl

ghngh - flL

oir - totik

rha - thifNo

rh - EiH ir

blnf - nguhs

bg g - jngUJ

unghr - fUJU

Mnlh uh - th bjhg

o fhL - fh L

nf - FW bgo

yr - u bjhif

bk nuhL - Kjik rhiy

nuhnlh fh - kujf

br - fhnrhiy

uJ - gWL

160
 8. jehL fiybrtf
jehL bjhbghU M Jiwd

jHfny fhzbgW fiybrtfis fhQnghJ jHf f

gHfhy bjhnl fiyia ng ghJfhJ tUwd vgJ bjatU.
Mafiyf mWgJ ehF" vw KJbkhnfg gtifahd fiyfis
ghFw tsUwd. fllfiy, gfiy, Xafiy, irfiy,
ehoafiy vW gtifahf J ehnlhW tsUwd. mtW
fllfiy, gfiy, Xafiy Mait ff gHfhy Kjny jHf
w bgW sUwd.

fllfiy
fllfiy vwh nfhf fllfiyia jh TwKowJ.
kwgo murf thj mukidf gnah, brtjf thj
khiffis gnah bghJ kf Lfis gnah Tw Koaiy. Vbd,
mtiwg yaf TW brf myhJ, neil rhWf VJ
lhjjdhnyahF. yaf kdf thj mukidf ga
br csJ; efu mik g ngrgLwJ; ahid J nghu xUt
mkJ, j if f caj bfhoia V brY msF caj thf
mukidf UUwd; bgU khiff UUwd; Itif
yfSF Vg W Lf fobfhL kf thUwd. Mdh,
mt neil rhWf dK fLofgliy.

y MLfSF K fh eilbgw mfth j fhu

xW bghUf VWk, wFk bragL KfJthu fllK
mfth fLofgLsd. Mdh kf thj fll gF VJ
btgLjgliy. bfhif fj mfthY ciw nkbfhl
mfthY .. 11-12 M whil nrj fll gFf iljd. mit
mfhya fllfis g bjthf bjgdthf iy.

mik jehL muR bjhbghU M Jiwah fifbfhl

nrhHu gFahd cnfhil Kjyh uhnru nrhH vLJ, thj
mukid gF fLofgLsJ. KG gF btgLjglh
..10-11 M who kdfsJ mukid vto UjJ vgij
czJbfhs cW Jizahf UF.

Mdh, nfh fllfiy vW vLJ bfhlh .. 6 M

whoUJ eh TwKo. jHf bjgFahd uhkehju
khtlij nrj isahgo vD C Filtiu nfhny jHf
W fhzbgW Filtiu nfhfS gHikahdjhF. J ghoafsJ
gilghF. jid mLJ, jHf gy gFf Filtiu nfhf
mikfgoUwd. gytf, ghoaf, ma, Kjiua Mnah
mikjitfshF mit. .. 9 M whnlhL Filtiu nfhf
mikF g W lJ.

161
 jj FWfis brJ nfhyhF Kiw gyt, ghoa
fhy UUwJ. khkyu cs IJ ujfS fGFkiy cs
btLth nfhY Kiwna mtfsJ gilfshF. Kiw .. 8 M
whlsnyna WlJ.

ffis xnwhL xwhf mL mikF nfhg gyt, ghoa

fhybjhL VgL eh tiu bjhlJ y tUwJ. gyt fhyJ
wjitfshf khkyuJ flfiu nfhiy fhuJ ifyhaehj
nfhiy ghoa fhyjjhf Ug U jehj nfhiy nrhH
fhyJ wjitfshf ehjhkiy rahya nrhRu, jir uhruhnrRu
vD jir bgUilah nfh, fifbfhl nrhHuJ fifbfhl
nrhRu, jhuhRu IuhtnjRtu nfh, td td nuRu
Kjyhdtiw fhlyh.

fiy tsiajh fhy ghoa, raefu kdf, ehaf

fhyf fhzKowJ.
nfhf nfhu mikj gyt fhy bjhl raefu
kdf fhy f cdj iy vaJ.

gfiy
jyaf gf brKiw bjhlJ tHUjd vgij
fho F. bfhghit, fziy, bgU khiff Rij cUtf
mikUj Matiw vLJfhLfshf bfhsyh.

gyt fhybjhL, nfhf gtifahd gfis fhz KowJ.

flsf UUtf, mfhya kf cUtf, kW ydf,
gwitdf Mat cUtfshF mit. flsfsJ cUtfshD,
rhjhuz kf cUtfshD mttF Vw tif cl mik,
Kfbgh, mtatf ms f wj Kiw mikfgoUgJ
jH j fiywDF wj vLJfhLfshF. ydf
Fghf, ahid cUtij brJFt gyt fhyJ f if
njjtfshf sUwd. gyt fhy gfis khkyu
xnyna fL fJlyh. gytfhyJ f nfhiyna xU gkhf
tobjLJshf vW g a tYef ghuho ngRt.

nrhHfhyJ f, gytfhyJ f nghW fbga

ms gfis brJUfhlhY fiyaHif mf ms
fhUwhf vW Twyh. nfhf mlhd fhzgL
W gf nrhHfhy f tyikia ygLJtdthF.
uhkhaz fhfis, tuhz fhfis njbjLJ WW
il gfshf brJUgJ mtf gfiy wDF
wj vLJfhLfshF. flsfsJ cUtfshD mur, muaf
cUtfshD mt fhzbgW cUt mik, Kfbgh, fl jik,
nahl, Ut be, if mir Mait gytfhyJ fisl

162
nrhH fhyJ f xUgo nkY nj bgwtf vgij Twh F.

nrhH fhyij bjhlJ tj fhy ghoa fhy, nrhH fhya

fiyjikia gf fhz Koaiy. raefu ehaf fhyf,
Kfka, btehlh Mnah fyhrhujhFj Vglnt g mikfY
bgU khw VgLlJ. fl jikF fiy mrJF jugl
KaJt, raefu ehaf fhyf kj jikF clTWfSF
juglyhd.

brgok fiy
iwF Rkh 2800 MLfF KUnj jeho brgokfiy
f cdj iy ts bgUwJ. Ubent khtl Mre
ilJs bjt br Unk jF jfbjhU rhwhF. gytfhy
brgokfiy gHf Ujjh iyah vgJg Muhahsfilna
fUJ ntWghL fhzglJ. mikfhyf fLofgl br
Unkfdh gyt fhy fiy ey tsw iy
sUjJ vgij maKowJ. Tu eluhr, bfhLKo uhjf,
uRj nghw gokfis gyt fhy UnkfSF vLJfhlhf
fhlyh. gf fhzbgW mnj fiyghia br UnkfY
fhz KowJ.

brUnkf bghfhy vd nrhH fhyij Flyh.

vifY mf ms nrhH fhyjh bragoUwd.
bra khnj nghw nrhH nguuf, br Unkf brjgij jh
kQy wjj flik vW v brjUwhf nghY.
nrhH fhya brUnkf fiy mHF fl jik bghUait.
cbgbwGJ ldnth vD msF fhzgL cdj gilf.
t _jfshD Ukh _jfshD mit vthW bragl
ntLbkW Mfk f FfgLsdnth mjnfg brabgwit.
xbthU UnkY mfhy ifw gbrd fhzgL.

gfiy vthW fhy ujnjh mnj nghW br gokfiy

raefu ehaf fhy wHJ fhzgLwJ.

Xaf
Xafiy jHf wj iy vUjJ. cy fhzbgW
cUsd, cuyd Ma vyh bghUfis fgidah fhzbgW
bghUfis mtt cUtf nghy njhWgo jehL Xaf
Xafshf od. vtif br ctkfho (516) vd kJiufh
ikaW gotJ thdt Kjyh - viffS ctk fho (3: 128:- 129) vd
knkfiy TWwd. Xaij btW bjhyhf fUjhJ xU nahf
rhjdkhfnt fUd.

163
 jeho bghGJ vs Xaf f bjhikahdit
gyt bgUkd fhyjitna ahF. VwFiwa .. 7M who
bjhlfUJ jh Xaf fhzgLwd. jF Kglit
fhyngh mJ kiwJ nghd. Jiw gyt kdf bgUg
Jsd. gyt kd knfutk jhnd xU wj Xadhf
fJsh. mJnghnw nrhH kdfS Xafiy g <LgoUjd.

j kd thW tsj Xafis mtf foa nfhf

EiHth U gffY fUguf RtfY ufhufY
jhdY od. mthW lgl Xaf khk^ Fiff
bt klgY fhu ifyhrehj nfh, gdkiy nfh, jir
bgUilah nfh Kja gy lfY fhzbgWwd. gdkiy
cs klg fhzgL vyhj Ml kf Xa f w thjJ.
j Xa mikj tzbr cz bgh eik ftwd.

ku gfiy jj gfiy
ku gfiy ..16 M whoUnj fhzgLwJ. nfhf
UHhf mfkhf mfkhf ku gf br bjh ts bgWsJ
vW Twyh. Fghf, njUHh Vgl wnf, nj brif mnj
gfis brJFtJ eilbgUwJ. y Myaf nfhu th
fjfY wj ku gfis fhz KowJ. fhy broehlh
Lf th iyf kugf brJ mHFgLUjij mayh.

jj gfiy Fghf, ehaf kdf fhyfjh w

bgUwJ. fls cUtfS mur, mua cUtfS kW bgo,
gyF jL nghw bghUfS jjjh bragoUwd.

Utuf ehaf kd, mtuJ glju MnahuJ cUtf ehfo

cau jj fukhf fhawd. mnj nfh Ukiy ehaf
j gljunahL UgJ, kW fls cUtf Mait a ms ug
csd. mit bghGJ mFs fh Tl bghJkf ghitfhf
itfgLsd.

kJiuF mUYs mHf nfhY jj gf ug Uwd.

it a msyhdit.

g
I. bgUdh:

1. jHf gHfhybjhnl gy fiyfis ng tJsd vgij

sFf.

2. yaf fhzgL fll fiy brfis TWf?

3. mfthth btlgl fllf g vGJf.

164
 4. jHf Filtiu nfhfis g vGJf.

5. ffis mL mikfgLs nfhf g TWf.

6. nrhH fhyJ f wikia ygLJf.

7. brUnkf bghfhy vJ? V?

8. j kd tsj Xafiyfis vbfF fhzyh?

9. jHj kug fiy g vGJf.

10. ehaf fhy jj gfiy g tiuf.

II. beLdh:

1. nfhfll fiyg s tiuf.

2. Xafiy jHf wUjJ vgij sFf.

III. bkhw tsg:

jHf irj irfUf ytiw mJ bfhf:

ehfRu, Ud, vfhs, Kfiz, bfsfhs, bfh, e,

xJehfRu, yhFH, rF, Jj, gkjs, ftzkjs, Rj kjs,
j, ngif, ruiw, bril, lf, lku, l, lktha, ltil,
lif, fdfjgil, Ujf, KL, ehf, bga cl, dcl,
rdcl, j, iy, ufo, nrfo, thfh, jif, jhs, ukjhs,
Fjhs, k, ifk, bfhJk, nrkfy, oo, iz, bfJ,
cLif, gig, ify.

IV. td F lfSFa mf:

1. <Wbfl vkiw bgabur xWF

(v.fh) Xlh Fiu

2. mj, j vD RL mLJ vj vD dh mLJ

xW F. (v.fh.) mj iy; vj fhy.

3. brabt vr xW F. (v.fh) Xl flh

4. tbjhl FaYfu <Wbrbj vr xW F (v.fh)

nfL bfhlh.

5. fu <Wbrbj vr D F (v.fh) vGgh.

V. Vw lf td bkfis L vGJf:

1. Ma eljh ghlUJ vj nf tuiy.

2. nff khzt gyh gF UJ tjjh vGj bjaiy.

165
 3. vij vG gHfntL vW vdF brhdh Ma.

4. mj Wt vj g goJ wjh?

5. Xl fhgJ bts; xLf fhgJ naha cs.

VI. z, e, d ntWghL mf:

1. mu - k, ghJfh, nfhil

mu - t

2. mz - nkth

md - xU gwit

3. M - Ta UJL

M - xU khj

4. Miz - flis

Mid - ahid

5. cQ - rhL

cD - idJgh

6. C - cz

C - iw

7. vz - idf, vghf

vd - nf

8. fiz - m

fid - fidj

9. fz - neu

fd - gS, Rik

10. fh - gh

fh - fhL

11. j - mlF

j - jUj

12. J - iy

J - Jg, nfhg, mr

166
 13. iz - y, xGf

id - jha tif

14. eh - fW, ehz

eh - jid FgJ, jik lbga

15. ik - tik

ik - ik

16. tik - ts, tHFj

tik - tik

VII. tU bjhlf cs iHfis Ff:

1. bridF mUfhik UgJ fahFk my.
2. mtjh Tdh tjh Tdh vW ghuhJ vtjh TdhY
bkbghU fhf.
3. lJgf UgJ xsitah iy mW.
4. fz KUf kW nty tjd.
5. eyitfS bflitfS giff btl gLwd.
6. gJ gHf xU gHnk eyd.
7. FsJ vyh ey gHnk.
8. jid brjJ t myth?
9. Hh gy mPf ngd.
10. xbthU fY Cuh csJ.
11. khztf fa xGf wJ sf ntL.
VIII. fhQ gfis My bkhahf brJ gHFf:

1. bfhif yhj mua, ciH yhj brt, neik yhj tf,

xGf yhj f, kdrh yhj k, kj nea yhj
ma, ahf yhj tghL it bfhoa ghtf vgJ kfhkh
fhaof fUJ.

2. xUt brtij Hjh vjid Hjtdhf khlh; cl eyij

Hjh ytiw Hjtdhth; xGfij Hjh midij
Hjtdhth.

3. ma midJ fLofSF jhahF. ma vgJ,

cikf, bfhiff Mat bjhF. a Niyfis g
f, ffis F Kiw mQFtJ many.

167
 4. tuyhW vgJ gHikia J bfhL mj thyhf vfhyF
ttFjyhF. flj fhyUJjh vfhy cUthfgLwJ.
tuyhW vw fUyUJ fUJf, nehff, bfhiff
vfhyF cUthf bgWwd.

5. uf cs ja, jid Mw bgw _is, ntiy bra Toa

iff Ma j _W ekF njit. kdik tik
bfhltuhf eh sdh cy cs midtUF eh rkhdkhdt
Mnth.

IX. nkiy khzhf bgw ntoa bkhwf:

I. nfl:

1. nfl gF cbghU mj.

2. nfFnghnj yfziHfis dfhz.

3. ngRnth nehf mj.

4. ngir nfL cik / fUJ ntWgL fhLj.

II. ngRj:

1. bghUjkhd milbkh brhf, ca fiybrhf fyJ ngRj.

2. wbkhbrh fythJ ngRj.

3. fUJ sfKw ngRj, rhW fho, nknfh fho, clghL,

vkiw ngRj.

4. tuntiu, iu, ghuhLiu, eiu MWj

5. fyJiuahl.

III. goj:

1. bghU czF VgJ nrJ, WjFaJ goj.

2. goF gF mikj br, ea thj brhfis milahs

fhz.

3. gF RUf ma cj brhf bjhlfis milahs fhz.

4. F uL neh goj.

5. w nfLzU tif goj.

IV. vGJj:

1. bghU jLkhw Vw brhfis bfhL bjhluikj.

2. brfis ugl, bjhlgwhkY ff, fijf vGJj.

168
 3. riHf vGJj.

4. sgu bjhlfis vGJj.

5. fLiu vGJj.

6. goj, nfl gFfSfhd F vGJj.

7. goj, nfl gFfis J, RU vGJj.

8. bkh bgaj.

X. nkiy khzf fw braghLf:

I. nfl:

1. FGfshf J, xUFG fyJiuaho xU FG g brj.

2. nfl brfis (bgnwh _yK thbdh _yK) FJ tUj.

3. nkil ngRfis nfL ngRnth (khWghL / clghL)

fUJfis nfl.

4. nkilngRfis nfL ngRnth TW cik / fUJfis

ntWgLfhl.

II. ngRj:

1. bghUjkhd jiyfbfhLJ ngrbrj.

2. FGfshf J xUFG fyJiuaho, xU FG g brjt

wbkh brh fyUjh mtiw ngRj.

3. K jahila brhbghfis ngr brJ brhbgh,

nknfh, fUJ tWj, VJf fhl nghw TWfis
mikJ ngr brj.

4. ciutiffis mJ ngr brj.

5. khztfis fyJiuahl brJ, (g njitf), midtU

m fUJfis bjwduh vd nehf ntL.
ngrhUF khztiu CFf ntL.

III. goj:

1. ghlgFYs ciueil, br Madtiw bghU

cznfg J gof brj.

2. ghlYs gFfis gof brJ bghU br thj

brhfis goal brj.

3. goj gFf bghURUfij jU Ffis vGj brj.

169
 4. ghlgFYs fUJ brthd gFfSF sf ul
mfuh, fiyfsa nghwtiw gagLJj. brhyil,
bghUsil, nknfh goa, bghUslf Madtiw
gagLj brj.

5. nfgt iynfg iu, mGj, Wj nghwtiw ifahs

gaj.

IV. vGJj:

1. tUzid brhf mikJ xiwg bjhlf vGj brj.

2. ff, fijf vGjbrj.

3. riHfis dfhz, UJj.

4. jiyfis bfhLJ Vw sgubjhlf vGj brj.

5. khdf kiuf vGj brj.

6. Ff vGjbrj.

7. brhbgh, fijf, fLiuf Madtiw nfL F vLf

brj.

8. gHbkhf, ku bjhlf, My gfis bkhbgaf

gogoahd ts iy gf mj.

170
fij nfhit
( Jiz ghlgF )

171
 1. ghtz is
Jikj

ghtz is fbyl M Fkhjh. thifna jjhnt

fLfshf mjafnk mjlY gaKkhf mj KWna jbghGJ
35 %ghahf mtUF UJ tjJ. mtUF gaK mjdh VgL g
thif rhu. mjl mj yF.

uh , UffSF, Kakhf KaYF ehF fhf vW TWkh,

Mdh ghtz isia bghWjtiu mj mt uhF _W
fhfjh. j cW, bfhifia lhik, mkhahd Fzf vyh
gil ulK rahuflK Ujh bgUFzfshf fUjgL. mJ
ngh ngh xU fbyl M Fkhjhl jr Fjh mrLjdkhd
othj vW TWthf.

ghtz is M gR. onyh y. mW nfhg. MUJ

tUbghGJ y ir mtUF yhlhY cjLf Jojd. Kakhf
nk cjL JojJ. fhuz, M gfJ Fkhjhl xU W r. t
bknfh bj mbkfh Uwbjwh. tUila eg nfhs rhu
ntW kh TWwbjwh. ghtz is jdJ fia %gjfhf btF
ntfkhf oF tUwh.

ghtz isF mtUila kidahUF fgjil

eif ilahJ. mj is tU jtwhJ xU FHij. jbghGJ
ghtz rj ehfhtJ vif; wF tUw iu eif.

gogl FLg ghtz `bfhLFf `ng nhf gR

bgW vW v ghf KoahJ. ghtz is rfj, ciHY
urtY nrhjt. njf nrhdhY cs fisdhY Vgl
bghWik.

ifFHijF KaJ rtiy. ifFHij gyd. jh fisj njf

FHijia nghf raWlJ. go mgo jk Mg
kUJ jU thoif ghfhu fl ghYkhf, FHijfis nghJ
tUwJ. mj khj gh gb# vbghGJ ngh ehF %gh nkyhlJ.

khahd iyik gh uridia g ghtz

is rfjF xU njhaJ. mJ xW mrakhd aW
FHijfSF cgnahfkhFgo xU khL thlh vd vgJjh.

bjt mUis ObuW bgw gjD jhf xU cikia

fLoj Ph Rkh Ufkhlhf. rsrsbtW nfwtf
fhJ Fgo brh bfhoLthf. ghtz is kidF
mnj iy VglJ.

172
 isatf oF tUbghGJ mt T igd tF cgnahj
nfhs ghl vF UwJ, khoUF byh myJ muUF
kubgoyh vW v bfhL tjh.

oF VaJ Vsh! muF rh vnf? vW nfL bfhnl

khoF brW big Muhjh.

mt kid rhia vLJbfhL bjhljh. mtSF gh

beUfoia xF khL uidia mtl Tw ntL vW cjLf
JoJ bfhoUjd. Mdh, bknfh uid <LgoUF. ghtz
is kd ij tuntF iy iy.

vd njLa? vwh

xU bghjf. rh banf?

jhUf. xfnl xQ brhyQnk! j isfSF gh

bry rhah Unf! xU khbljh gJW FLJ olh vd?
vwh.

nf tuntoaJjh. xnu uhkhaz. khL L thf KoahJ.

v bsa jia FoR tsU vW lh. bknfh
tlmbkfhUjh wF V mtUF nfhg tuhJ?

gh uid mJl J nghfiy. mt kid if uL

bfo fh UjJ. mtSF FHij Uj ghrdh mj fhf
kiy gR fWFokhf khd.

uL eh fJ ghtz is MUJ tJ wthr fh

if fGt brw bghGJ cu foUj fW itnfh mir nghoUF
khil ghJ mkh btW faJ.
Vsh? vW Tlh.

kid J bfhnl - cSF gajh - tjh.

khL vbghGJ tjJ? ah th bfhLjh? vwh.

nky L mzh th jjhA. ghY xUgo fwFkh! vwh.

c vwh.

mW Jgh, Lgh, fh, bfhL tJ itJ bfhL fztiu

njodh. mt iy.

mUJ isatf fh nkhU rhLtiy.

mt kidF Fj tUj. xU gf FHijf. kbwhU gf

U vw FHij. tr U vw aif mtis btwJ.

go gidJ ehf.

173
 khil vd brtJ?

mW u vL k UF. ghtz is R nfhdhU

oD EiHjhf.

khil ghU, 25 %gh vwh.

rh! khL mWgJ %gh bgWnk? vwh Rnfhdh.

UgijJjh. cdfhf KgJ Ugh. vd? bghGnj oJ

bfhL nghf ntL!

rh uhyh? ehisF oand oRLnj vwh

Rnfhdh.

c, gnt?

khilajhlJ.
kid khL vGgJ %ghnw. FHijfSF ghyhnw vW jLjh.
nk tUgo ntW tUwjh.

v bsf j FoR tsJL vW lh.

Rnfhdh khil mJbfhL nghF bghGJ _j igamkh

v fQFo vW vGJ cfhJ bfhL mGjh.

Rkh bfl rtnk! vwh ghtz is.

g
1. ghtz is - fijia fUbghUS Rit ijahk RU
tiuf.

2. j fijia ehlf to vGJf.

3. ghtz is ghugilig Mf.

4. ghtz is othj Fzij L wj FLg jiytuhf

khajhf c fgid wjh xU fij vGJf.

174
 2. _fis L UJ
tfz

_f is kdrh ObuW cWj bfhLf MujJ.

mJ mgo W mjUtjF giff tj y brf

jh fhuzkhF.

Rfkh rthrd gW bfhoUw kdrh yngUF viwfhtJ

L bgW, Fil Fil vW FilJ, K vgnth ga ghgJF
-myJ jtWF - gfhukhf nghJ bra go o JisgJ Vndh
bjaiy. kj kd, kdrh vgbjyh ukhd jJt vnwh
v s bfhs Koahj vnwhjh vz nto UwJ.
_fis mgojh idjh.

tlnf xU C vtndh xUt vgnth xU fhy u obfL

thfhkny uahz brUjhdh. gygy tUlfSF wF ngh mt
jdJ jtiw czJ tUjgL u flzK mguhj bjhif nrJ
unt thfJF mD ey ngU gif ugyK bgW bfhlh.

bjnf xU egU mnj kh, kdrh bjhjuF gJ vj

fhynyh ytrkhf brUj uhahzJF ca gzij mjfhd
toia nrJ untF mD itjh. J gif brjh.

it it nghw ntW y jftfS _fis ftdij

ftJ, kd MHkh gJ, cSw ntiy brayhd.

jbdrtJ bghaf; bghj jbdnr jid RL.

UtSt bga MS jh rahjh brh tUfhU vW mt
v bfhlh.

Mdh j beR mjhfglJ kdrh, V clDFlnd RLtiy?

mnef ngUF RLtnj iy ngh bjnj! y ngUF kL Fisia
vLJ kony tR mGw fzny, mJ is k kzh vYf
Tl cUkh nghtjF nghJkhd fhy Ml wF, jbdrJ
bghjjfhf jbdR ORLj gQthnd?....................

j ny _fis kd xU gF vz tisaf mu
gz, _, Rkh l! vW mt mj kil X mojh.

_fis of thfhk uahz brjiy. mt mfkhf

gaz nghdnj ilahJ. mf Gj KjiyF mJnt brhf vw
kh, mtUF brhj Cuhd tujh brhf MF.

gugu Fj filf rhkhf thL, go gzij

bfhLfhk mt ierhf eGaiy myJ nehLF yiw
bfhLwnghJ Xlfhundh hfhundh myJ ntW vtDnkh ftdrfhf
175
mfgoahf xU %gh buL %gh jhfis bfhLJ LwnghJ, ek
mZl vW v mij mK bfhL tjiy mt. W, go
gz ts; gh ts jh cL; Mdh jugLs bjhifnah
ts UF vW vLJ brh mfgoahf tjij U bfhLJ
Ljh mt btnaWth. Cuh fhR ekbfdJF? vw gh
mtUilaJ.

Mfnt bghJbrhJ vij _fis Ruoaiy. j eg

vtiu mt Vkhaiy. nd mtUila kdrh FuFjd
gQthnd?

Rfthf Fj tu Rj Raufhr Rfthahf thj

_fis kwtfUJ bfhr khWgltuhf elJ tjh. r_f ahf
mt mj C tJ tj nghY r_fnjhL xo cwthl Ughjt
ngh yUjh. brhjfhuf LfSF nghtiy; kwtfnshL
beU gHFtiy; C bghJ tfhuf mfiw bfhtiy. nfh
UHhf, nr irf nghw rjgf CuhnuhL nrJ nfhYF
nghtiy; go vtsnth rujhaf iyah - mt vijnk mt
mDZogiy.

Mdh C H, C fahz nghw ffSF mta-

jiyiafhl ntL vW r_fa tiuaiw brJs bghJ
fhafSF ntlh btWghf mtU nghfjh ntoUjJ. mnghJ Tl
ngUF jiyia fho L tUw ntiyjh. bdhUj ony ifia
eidw nrhna ilahJ. mjhtJ UJ rhgho gF gWtJiy,
buhg neu UJ fyfyghf ng, crhfkhf yiu gfJ yuh
nf bragL bghGJ nghFtJ vgbjyh mtUila thif aF
mghgl af.

C H vwh, rh LF nghtJ, khiy TlnjhL Tlkhf

thfh tiu ngh tUtJ, zij Fw tiu H o fhUJ
mw ghilnahL RLfhL tiu ngh Mf ntoaij vyh KoJ fil
M FJL UtJ vgJ jiyKiw jJtkhf ifahsgLw
tHfkhF.

tutu y Rfthf ijbayh xGfhf brtiy. Rkh jiyia

fho L U Lthf. _fis tHfK mJjh.

Mdh C tHf xiw mt jl Koahk nghUjJ.

xU o fahz eljh gy dfSF wF `ey khrJ gH'
vW thiH gHfS J C uhF tHFthf. kW L L
gyfhu vW ikN ghF, yL kW y DRf, KWF, [ vyh
bfhr bfhr itJ brhjfhufSF (brhfhufSF) tHFt. J
C tHf MF.

176
 bgat ahuhtJ wJ nghdh, kf myJ ng CUF fliy
nghLtJ tHf. miugo fliy - tr Fjtf. 1 go fliy Tl - C
tHf Mf cwfhuf LfSF mD itghf.

mnefkhf vyh lhU kh C tHffis jlhk th

bfhthf. xuL ngjh ehf vdij Ug bra nghnwh
vfSF C tHf ntlh vW kWJ Lthf.

_fis xU jlitf kWJ ghjh. tHf bfhL

tUw bgf, Rkh thD itf. C tHfij Lthnd?
vW bfhL tjij mt onyna itJL nghdhf. mj wF mt
kWjiy. rlF LfUJ `rfiu bghf (ghnrhW) tU. nfh
UHhfhyf nahjiu, gU bghf, rfiu bghf, Rl
urhj tU. fahz L gahuf tU.

Rkh rhL itf vW bgf jhuhskhf bfhLJ

Lnghdhf.

ij vyh thFwnk ehk CuhUF cwfhufSF U bra

rjg tuth nghFJ? vW mt kd M FWFWjJ. `Jfhfnt, tir
UfglhJnd, eh nr Lf rhLwJ iy. ek ony vd
nr tunghFJ. ehk C To rhghL nghlnghnwh vW mt vdh.

MdhY nghf nghf mtUila kdK Mnrfiy. _fis

C tHffis th mDgJ bfhoUjh.

nghJ mtUila kdrh cijJ bfhlJ. bjhju bfhLjJ.

Ka d xU tHf tjJ. trahd L. kWL L gyfhu vW

iwant bfhLJ mDUjhf. fS fhufSkh tif tifahd
glf.

vdF ntlh; nk eh C tHfij thf nghwny vW

mjh _fis.

bjd J tHf? vg nghny th itf. gyfhubkyh DR

DrhUF; Rkh rhLf. eh ntQdh fh nghL juLkh? vwh
mij bfhL tjt. mt bfhr thaho.

mnf mgo, nf go vW thao moJ, bfhL tjij mtUnf

L L nghdh.
mJKj mt kd mJ bfhnlUjJ.
bjyh to yh fl vghf. g xUj brjh, kwt wF
vgthtJ Ug braQ. mt yhlhY, mt ngiu brh mtUila
kfndh kfnsh nguisfnsh brthf. vJnk brahj v nghwtf -
ehdhf vJ CUF bra nghtiy. vdF wF v nguhny brwJF

177
ahUiy. mgo Uifny C tHffis th mDggJ vgo aha
MF?
xUj yhlh bdhUt vgthtJ gbrh cghf.
bghisf y rka tirah ngRwJ tHfkhfjhnd UF - ehf mij
brnjh, ij brnjh Cfhuf tazkh th rhlhf. j CU
vfSF vd brRJD o KHFthf.....
yngiu g y rkaf mnef ngRtJ cnl! C rhghLD
brhdh gF K tUth. thF Uah tR tR gh. xU
fahz L fUkh L vij Llkhlh. mt ony JtiuF
vj nrK brjiy. ahUF rhghL nghlny. vdij
branghwh? mgona brjhY, buhg RUfkhf brJ CrhghL
nghlhk xngLth.
go idf idf _fis kd rflglyhW.
vid g ehY ngU ehiy brhyjhnd brth? gnt ah ah
vbdd ngRwhfnsh? vW KQKQjh mt.
_fis o nr vW vJ tjiy. nk brtjF
th iy.
ek o fahz, fhif, ML iw, rlF vW vJ
elfnghtiy. bglhofh Ujh, nghd tUr ekF mWgJ taJ
iwrJF rog (rZoaj) bfhlhoUfyh. mijna xU
fahz kh el #h #hD Ciu miHR rhghL nghoUfyh.
fhiyny gyfhu. kahd ghar, tilnahL rhghLD jll
gUfyh. mJFjh bfhLJ itfna! go Uifny
C tHfij kL thnlUjh vd mj? CUF ehkS
brwjh Ujh , rD brhyyh. mJjh iyD MLnj! mw?
vW mt `benrhL sj gdh.
cW bfhnl Uj _fis kdrh gfhukhf xW
brantL, CUF ehK J gz bry g flid fQ vW
xU khd iwntaJ.
- vd brayh.
mtUF OD xU Ioah cjakhW. Ciu miHJ xU UJ
bfhLfyh. uh bgsz w UJ vW fhuz Twyh. uh
bgsz vnyhUF Kakhd eh. mW edh (uu edh)
neh Tl. bgsz nghJ cyhr UJ cgJ kfSF ojkhd
a. uhdfis cz buhg ng agLthf. tu thf
uh bgszaW xU w uhd UJ cL kHLnk vW
vdh mt.

178
 j vz is tsu tsu _fisF U bfhsiy.
Jjh r vW FbjGjh. rifnghL nghoUnth! #khR
nghLnth vW brh cjgo mFF eljh.iffis njJ
bfhlh. jhdhfnt jh. ngZ ngZ mUikahd Ioah! vW ghuho
kJ nghdh.

Kj ntiyahf _fis brjJ grhfij ghJ uh

bgsz vW tUwJ vW fLojJjh.

guL ehf jh Ujd.

guthny, mJFns vyh VghLfis KoJlyh vW U

miljh mt.

wF fhaf Jjkhf eljd. ey jt is uL ngiu

tutiHjh. njitahd rhkhfSF goa nghL midij th
jh.

_fis vtUlD jhuhskhf fyJ gHFtiy. Mjyh ahU

mt il njo tJ ng gH vd VJ vW rhgJ ilahJ.

UD _fis vdnth gznghwh vW kwtf

jhf mgh! vdij gL nghwh! vW xUt
fUJ bjjhf.

_fis jdJ vzJF u sgu bfhLf jahuhf

iy, UJ miwF vnyhUF brhdh nghJbkW idJ lh.

uh bgsz kahd uj rhghL onyjh rhLthf,

uhF ek uhd w rhghL. rfiu bghf, nahjiu,
vYr gH rhj, til, gU Rl! vW l odh mt.

mjgona VghL brjh.

fhiynyna miHfhu MWKfij TL tu Rfthf

vnyh LFngh uh bgsz uhd w rhghL g
brh, miHFgo VghL.

o sFfis V itJbfhL iyfis buo g itf

brhdh. Mf VGk Kj jahuhf Ujhf.

Mdh, miHfgl egf xUt Tl tuiy.

k vL.... vliu..... xgJ vW XoaJ. C xU Mis Tl fhnzh.

_fis kd FK bfhoUjJ. mt Kf `vdnkh kh

khlJ. o mF Fkhf elJ bfhoUjh.

xgnj fh..........

179
 Ug MWKfij mD itjh.

Rfthf Fj tu nrkhd gHf tHff, fLghLf,

vjidnah cL. xU o nr, UJ vwh Cuh vghw
rujhaf gythF.

Kj nr Lfhunu ne xbthUtiu fL aij

brh miHfntL. rhghil ek onyna tRLf vW
tWjntL. nr ehSF Kj eh miHfhu L lhf ngh,
ehisF dh L nr - jhyJF rhghLF miHUF
vW brh nghf ntL. mw nrjW rhghL neu Iah,
rhghLF thf, iy nghlhR vW mf ntL.

Rfth tUwhnuh tuiynah, miHf jtwTlhJ. miH L

nghdh mJbgU jtwhf fUjgL.

C ku mgo Uif

j _fis vd bedRnghlh? bga yhL g ngundh?

o UJL M _y brh mDthdh eh XonghfQkh
rhlwJF! ehk vd nrhJF miyJnghah lnwh? vW
bfhwd y.

j _fis nghdijjh ghnu. uh bgsz - edh

neh - tUny xU eh uj Mnr? , ckh go rhLthfsh?
nrhW tiffis d nghthfsh? vwd y ng.

mt ah L UJF tjh, ehk mt miHr clnd mt

LF nghfQ vgJF? vW nflhf gy.

MWKf ij vyh _fisl ngh gdh.

jt isfS gkhw buoahf wtfS isia uhd

tiffis kh kh ghjhf. ts VghLfS zhRnj vw
kdRik mtfSF.

_fis bjhilia brUdh. MWKf vwh.

Iah! vwh mt gnthL.

cdF miH T buL %ghah? buLju miHUnf ehY
%ghahR. D buL %gh thnfh. j C bgathfS uKffS
jhnd ek L UJF tukhnlhD brh nghlhf! nghfL. tlT,
G gf ngh, mnf cs ViH va isfis vyh nf tubrhY.
Iah ony edh neh ir, uhd urhjD brh mD. tUny
xU eh! mJf Jikah, Uah rhlL... twhu rhL. rhl
wF nghdh nghJ. nt, iyia nghL. vdF gkhW! izny iy
nghL MWKfJF gkhW vW Lfhf culh.

180
 brjJ vJ zh lhJ! vwh mt. jt isfSF vLJ
brhtJ nghy.

Uw RfthfSnf nkY nkY Ujgij l, ViH vaJf

tWF nrhW nghLtJ buhg bga akhF!

go bghbkh o bfhlJ _fis kd.

g.
1. _fis L UJ - fij fUnjhlid wdh brf.

2. fij fUbghUS Rit ijahk RU tiuf.

3. fij fhzgLtJ ngh ehL tHf, C kufis mjthW

Ugf ms xU fLiu tiuf.

181
 3. ril
b#afhj

mt Jw!

thifia btWgJ my, thit JbfhL, mj bghahd

kafF Mglhk thH KatJjh Jw v, mt Jwjh.

KgJ ta mt yg czfis mlf gH bfhlh

vW brhtij l, mt ehl yhjnj mtdJ aifah UjJ
vW brhtnj bghUJ. jF mj mtl Vnjh Fiw vgjy.
mt iwthd kj th jiknyna Fiwf flh. Xil rly
cUj ghl vW ghL jf Tiw gffhk mj gf
fhuzfis MuhJ m cikf Uf flh. vdnt, g
fhuzkhfnth, nkhrij mila J jtkhf vW fUnah mt Jw
ziy.

brhynghdh fl nfh bjt vW ifbaLgiyna vw

ttha Phdnghjidgo vj Mrhufis ifbfhshkjh
Ujh.

mt xbthiw mJ bfhs Uwt kh jhnd

myhk, xbthiw mDgf ntL vw Mir bfhlhiy.

mt mj t nfh thJ tjh. mjF fhuz g my;

mnfjh mtDF l iljJ. nfh FUf mtDF klgUJ
cz jjh. mjFgyh mtl ntiy th bfhlh. nfh
gfYs ejtd brofSF j CWtJ y rkaf
gJ bfhL tUtJ mtDF mtl gf.

miu xU JL, beRF tiu mlJl jho cikia

njL mtdJ rakhd ghit - bfhr fhy mtid njhlJ
rhahuh lJ.

njhlJ rhah vgnj nghJ mtDF bga vD, mt

nrhng my. rhah vw gl bgw wF Tl mt eh KGtJ Vnjh xU
ntiyia ahUnfh brJ bfhoUwh. ntiy eikfnsh mJ cath,
jhth vw ghFghnlh mtDF xU bghUly.

brofSF j iwJ bfhLth. klgF wF sJ

nghLth. nfh ufhuij To itgh; FUf L bjid ku
V njfh ggh. broah LF... v _il Rkgh; glhsJ is
L to Vngh be miuJbfhL tUth. mt vyhUF
bjhl... xU ntis w mjnk j ga fUjh bjho mtDF
Lwnjh vdnth?

182
 njhlJ rh vW ahuhtJ TLlh nghJ, rgs
bfhLJ itJs MTl mts flik cznahL Xotukhlh.....

vdnt mtDF ntiy ntiyL v#khdfS iwant Ujd.

u gndhU kFnk nfh ufhu cgahrJ fhf

nghoUj gjyo U - yh btr glhj H - fUf jstir
btWlnghL kyhJ gLUjh njhlJ rh.

ufhu vfQ bfhlif ilna Gj ybth th iwjJ

ngh x tlfis mt J bjUjd.....

mt kd mW fhiyUJ cWbfhoUj xU rgtK,

mij bjhlJ gy ffS rgjkwJ nghY, rgjKilad nghY
FHd.

broah L mkhis, uhjidia vanghJ, il L

nfhJbfhL tlnf btF u Xonghd mt kf id mtDF
tjJ.

W mfhiy, njhlJbrofSF mt thJ

bfhoUjnghJ gf kY mGif fyj uhjid nfL
mt U ghjnghJ, khf broah kid, FJ KGa <u
nfhynjhL if iwa kr Ftis kyfis VbfhL ehaf r
KHjhL nto bfhoUjh.

v mgnd...... ndtuh... vdF FLjJ xQjh... mt

eyhUFnghnj vid bfhL nghL bjtnk!..... mj Fiw gL
thH KoahJ mgnd!.... mt vnf UjhY eygoah UnfD mt
nlUJ xU fLjh tJlh tubtHik c rny mgJ
njfh cilnw....
jid, Niyia kwJ mj jh mj el fiy bjt vW
e ytij njhlJ rhah ghJ bfhoUjh.

mj jshj Rkf H jhshj Vf - mt ffis

fyW.

mt uhjid KoJ fiu JilJ bfhL vGjnghJ

jidna ghjthW F njhlJ rhahiu ghjh.

buL ehsh uhbayh fny rhahnu!.... ek j Uw

Cnyjh g fLikah ril elFjh; Mg nkny vyh FL
nghlwhDfshnk ghf... vfg ndtuU vid nrhf khlhU.....
mw fl j! vW bgh tU fiu L Kjhidah
JilJ bfhlh H.

183
 ndtu JizUghU; ftiyglhf, mkh vW njhlJ
rh mtSF MWj brhdh.

rhahnu!...... c thijia eh ndtu thfh egnw. mt

khjh! vW mtid tz Vnjh xU eif MWjY ijaK bgW
mUJ efjh H.
njhlJ rhah mj isah iyia btJ ghjh.
el fiy bjt vW ghL mt kd xjJ.
j HF j elf jU MWj bghah? vW njhaJ.
ey ntis mjghliy mt goUfiyna vbw
kwh mt.....
kahd ufhu bfhlif ntJ bfhoUjhf. UJ
xU thuJF nfh gft ij cgahr elfnghwJ. ahnuh bga
kfh glzUJ tj ij brhwhuh. rhfhy nfh bfhshj
#dFg tJ L. njhl rhahUFntiyF griy.
bfhlif nghLtjfhf _ fo nkny cfhJ Xiy ntJ
bfhoUjtfSF cjah iw, fiw V, mzhJ
WbfhoUjh njhlJ rhah.
mnghJ mtidnjobfhL tj jkfjh, rh! Xongh eg
glhsJis onymkhl nfL, fahz rkfhs Ufh.
thL tubrhdhfD nfSf, XLf vwJ, ifUj iw
nghLL Xodh mt.
mt glhsJ is lUnf tUnghJ mj L iz xU
Tlnk To UjJ.
glhsJ is vW miHfgL bgarh is fhiyY
khiyY gif goF gHfnk mgo jh.
grzfil k Kj, n#ha itah, vbzfil khf
D nH y Wtf Ujd. ko _W taJs j nguigaid
cfhu itJbfhL bgarh is gGnga jkJ eiuj iria
UbfhL crhfkhd Fu gif goJbfhoUjh.
gifUJ xU bria goJL,
nghL...........! ahdh rthaD bedL UfhDtsh?
eg Cny brr khdf Iah..... X bro ahnu, ij ft - b#
khdfis behWL tUJ Iah! rghZ ehD beidUnf xU
fhyny...... ekF vJF glhs - j njrJ nkny vt gilbaLf
nghwhD.. g ny bjJ - mj fhyny y brr kh lh
gilba btnr eg moRlyhD l. a JUf ifgUj
lh gl uRfgoUjij cfhUjtfl fhodh bgarh
is.

184
 gafukhd lh! mj fhyny tsh bgR bfilahJ... lhdh
vdhD bednw......... CUFns JLdh mtsjh! uhr[
Tl tj khjh. xQ gz KoahJ - eg Cny g ouhl tR
cH eljny mj kh Ciuna cGJLnghL..... L bjU nfhY
vyh mJghLF behW jL fhL kiyD ghfhk FULjdkh
nghF! Rkh..... eg gilf mj kh lhfis nghL behW isahLJ
ngh! mllh.... ekF taR na.... Ujh nghLntdah glhsJF! vW
crhfkhf ngbfhoUif, itah nrha njhSF nk v mj
lh glij ghjh njhlJ rhah.

mt tJ gijna ftfhj is bjhlJ gifia

goFnghJ Obud Fuiy jhdh; xU nk# u kuz - Jbl,
brlg gndG, brw g_zh njaW ahnfh mUnf elj lh
ngh giftfsh Rlgl nk# KfkJ n u kuz vdh vgij
goJL bksdkhf jiyFjh is.
mt koUj FHij mtuJ iria oGJ jJ.
y tUlfSF K ngh Kid ukuzKw ngu FHij
jfg - j kf - id tunt cz kakhdh Ht.
"rildhny Vglw eZlfis ghuh ?" vwh nrha itah.
tJ fyF fnshL Kf jh is. eZl jh...
mJfhf? khd bgR broahnu, khd bgR!.. vW FHijia khw
jGbfhL fdh is. v thifny gh ehSF nkny buL
cyf ny fUnf eh..... v xnu kfid j njrJF
FLJlny vdF bgUikjh.... mt brhdhdhnk.... cU MdhY,
JR Jrh F D.... M! mt udah.. u... vW L
FHijia khnghL mizJbfhl is, rW jhnd j czfis
rkdgL bfhL tHfkh gif goJ thF bjh ngdh.
ehk rilF nghfny... vtsnth bghWikahfnt UUnfh..
eytf vtsjh UdhY bfltf cyfny Ufw tiuF
ril UF nghyjh njhQJ.... Mdh, v kdRF J rnjhkhfjh
UF.... ghJLnth xU if. ril ntoaJjh vW L cz
btna mt j bfhoUif khf FWL nflh:
ril elwJ r, f ril ntQD brhywJ ntoifah
UF. mJ f, mj bfhLikiabayh ghj f - mDgr f -
mgo brhyyhkh? vW nflh. mnghJjh bgarh isF id
tjJ. broahkf - nghJ elF jdh mf ghfgoUF
n#h ntiy brJ bfhoUwh vw tu. mj - id tjJ
broah Kfij xU eho cWghJL, mtuJ njhisg mG,
gaglh! fl Uwh vwh.

185
 mj rhjhuz eifjh broahUF vts MWjyh UjJ
vgJ miyUJ ghwtfSjh bj. njhlJ rhahUF
bjjJ.

Inah! vts ehr, vts m vW KQKQJ bfhlh

nrha.

maho nghdh ts VJ? xQ brhnw, nfS. jk!

jk kL mahJ. mjkK mFWjh ril tjh mnj nghF.
raJFjh nghuhlw FzK cL; bghWUw FzK cL.
rilD tJlh mw rilba bed gagl TlhJ. rilyhj
fhynk bfilahnj Iah!... uhkhaz fhyny, kfhghuj fhyny Tljh
ril UUF.... nahR ghU. vj rilnyahtJ maha
b#Ufh? brhY!...

-tj fhaij kwJL is urfij yJ nfL

bfhoUjh njhlJ rhah.

ahU, njhlJ rhah? vnf tf? vwh is.

cwfUJ jtid ngh xU eho RjhJ jkfjh Iah

#Kfhs thL tubrhdhU vwh.

cns ngh nfSf... mkh, bfs.... njhlJrh tuhU ghU...

mj fahz #Kfhsij vLJFL... kahdnk nflhf. kwJnl...
vW cw U Fu bfhLjh is.

cfSF rilba ju ntw vd PhgfUF vW cnsUJ

xj j kid Fuiy mt bghUgLjntiy.

oFns tJ TlJ thrgo mUnf w njhlJ rhah

f bfsia ghif fyd. mt #Kfhsij vLf miwF
nghdh. mnghJ TlJ Rt khlgoUj uhQt cil - ghf ghf
fgJ nghw difl - cs nrhkehj nghnlhit btJ
ghjh njhlJ rhah.

nrhkehj uhQt nrj mLj tU tUj nghJ

nfhYF tJ jndhL ngUJ Fry rhj ff vyh nghJ
kd njhd. bghGJ nghfhjjh il RY Zg brof guhf
v jl brofS ijfS th tJ gl rgtfbsyh
bgU tJ beir miljd.

mt U W mj il RY brJ lF Zg brofis
ghJ L U mj nghnlhit ghjh.

btna, L iz bgarh is D Fj crhf

njhL jbrfis goJbfhoUjh.

186
 mW khiy nfh ufhu #dFg u tjJ.

fh w gony mjUj mj goj f mHfhf ijia

cgnjr gdh; mj goj xU giHa cjhuz njhl rhahUF
Jikahf f ojjhf UjJ. j cl e Mkh ril;
ril gHrhdJ Mkh ij cjLwJ.. xWnk brahk xUtDnk
Uf KoahJ. vyh tfS aifahd jikdhny jkJ irna
VjhtJ xU bjhnyhL lgoUwd. `nA! m#&dh... cdF bjh
brajh mfhu cL. gaf cdF vj mfhuK vnghJ
iy... mjkhd fk ga gyhk brantoa bjhiy vt
brJbfhoUwhndh mtnd Jw, mtnd nah vgjhfbtyh gfth
brhUwh....

-Tld midtU mj goj Phd thrffis Vnjh ghL

fnr nfgJ nghy ililna Ah Ah vW yhjthW nfoUjd.

njhlJ rhah xU _iy gjfhiy fo bfhL jhoia

beUoathW mF ngrgL bkPhdfisbayh Uja tkhf
ugJ ngh Ta nehnfhL Ujh.

cgahr KoJ Tl fiyj wF ufhu fUf js tir

X Xukh gLJ thdij btjthW nahrid MUj mtDF Vndh
mofo mj nrhkehj Kfnk v tJ njhWwJ.

gJ tUfSF K jdF ahUnk gj yhJ nghdj fuhzkh

wj CiuL XotJl jid g mt nahwh.

thif bgUgFia uhQtnyna fJL, j xnu kfid

j HJ L, DTl kdjsyhk jk jikfis
g ngRw bgarh isia l, ij cgahr ga mj kfh
goj vj j Jw vW v ghwh mt.

mt btFneu cwfyhJ btj fnshL vij vijnah

j, Vnjh xU khdJF tjt ngh mUJ vGJ elJ
nfhiy L btnadh....

wF mt Ugnt iy!

xU eh filbjU bgarh isia ghj nfh FUf

kd bghWfhk mfyhJ bfhlh. klgny buL ntis rhghL
nghL eygoah btUnj.... X is, ij nfS!.... mj njhlJ
rhah ga brhyhk bfhshk vnfnah Xolh.......

ehiyR ehshR... vnfahtJ ghuh?

mnghJ xU uhQt yh mtfis fljJ. bgarh is jkJ

tHfkhd MtJl mj yh iwa F uhQt ufis ghjh.

187
 rW j brW yh wJ.....

mUJ xU uhQt u bjhbud FJ `ru ru bfd elJ

tjh.....

j kf nrhkehjnd tUtJ nghw u, tUtJ ah vW bjahk

gutrkh Ujh is.

tjt ngL nghfL vw idnyh, glhsJfhu vw

ganyh FUf bjUnthukh y wh.

mU tJ w mj isPid nkY G ghJ, bjana vwh

is.

ehjhf...... njhlrh, bjafsh? vd rh...... cfSFkh

bjaiy? cfl vyh brhfhk nghnwD bednr..... ey ntis
ghJnl.... uYF nghnwh, tuLfsh? vW ifT F mtid
btJ ghj is, mtid GJ khnghL mizJ bfhlh.

kGf iuj nkhth cjLF nk KWl ir... uh

jiy, fh rilF ilJ ftrlJ ngh fukh caj kh.....

rghZ vW mt KJ jodh is.

rilyhj btWl miuJL, jiy iwa Ko, jhokh Uj

mj giHa nfhyij j a nfhyij xL ghj FUf -

rilbayh nghL, jhoia vLL... eg njhlJ rhah? eg

Koana... vW ffis odh........

mt jh.

MkhF clng xU riljhDfns..... j MkhF mj

rilna rgjny... mJF nkny vj rbla nghLlhjh vd?
brhYf rh? vwh.

j fh cLF UJ j thij tUtij nff ofhj

FUf FWlh:

j ngirbayh nk L. thifba btWJ rhahuh

Ujngh mJ r..... nk bghUjhJvwh mt.

thifba btWjh? thifba btWjt jbfhiy gFth

rh - rhahuhwny..... vwh mt.

u mtDfhf w yh Ahuid KHW.

mngh eh tnw - vW bgarhia, FUfis L

tz L UtlK il bgWbfhL yhia neh mj
njhlrh XLtij FUfS is ghjthW Ujd.

188
 mt Jwjh vW khdkhf brhdh is.

FUf f fyf bgU_Rlh.

g
1. ril Wfij fUbghUS Rit Fwhk RU tiuf.

2. fij jiyik khj njhlJ rh g eyfis Mf.

3. fij xU gFid ehlf to vGJf.

189
 4. nt
uh# UZz

iwnfD flha nfghf vw rgyJl L gonadh

khy. f nrhu, eil Jts, kRgo VWif GJlhkUf ntLnk
vw cz ifah Rtiu g bfhlh.

TlUJ kfsjkh RFu xjJ. iwt gil

clhd vjidnah khf, kfsjkh Fu xU j kh. mJ
jof joF; brW brf gha gh.

CU cyfJ fahzkh elUjhjh nfna na!

khyF beR glglbtW moJbfhlJ.

kRgo mt fhiy mDg kWJ oJ bfhlJ.

kfsjkh beUFia J itghnsh vgJ mtSila

fjh. Mdh, gW ljhdh? gW l jh vgJ sf mtSF
btFneu Mfiy.

ik flJ g mt nghfnghwhD bjrh, tis LF

bfhlhD brhUf khnlnd! vdnth glh, wF
ghJlyhD Ufhyhnk? g j aK bjr wF kdR FW
FWD cWJJ. eh vd nfFwJ? ny, rg uhl Kokh, cf bghQ
go Uwh, Vnjh, mj fhyny jh ony brawij braQD
brhYf!
fZljhfkh, Fyny rhnyD brhlwhf. vrh.
vdjhdhY, mtf bjhL f vLJl Kokhkh?

mJ vgo Ko? vdF vnf kdR JwJ. rkh brhnw vW

Fuiy jhbfhlh khy fztid bgwt.

Vnjh cnahfDw rh btna nghfL, tuL, UfLD

nd V tUnw? LFns mtis tRfL cns bjhL
xjhir bra brhy Kokh? Vnjh tjh VlhTlkhf bfhL
tlhdh, D UwtfSF ey lkh fahz Mf ntlhkh?
t LF tjw uh onyJ ahUnk tuny. eh vd gQnt
brhYf? nt jhl Koany. Ky lhnghyjh UFJ...
mbjgof jhl Ko? bghQ ntzh Vnjh gorh, ntiy
brawh, eyh cL, R ngr vyhUjh bjlhfdhY, kQ
kQjhnd? it vLlhY Hif vLlhY kiz f
Kokh? mg.... kfD tu tUr MF. ngW fhydh vd brf?
vd brawJ? MRg UFJ. bgj nd mtf mfhSnfh,
mkhSnfh brh mDgwJ. tJ ghL nghwhf. nf mtjh
tlh, mtfisbayh bfhlho rg cwKiw fhghjQkh?

190
ij brhLnfhk bgU_R LK, filFo brgf m
gij ghJ, br mJlh.

kRgony m D ghFjkh!

mj nt jhlhj mik j mDgt KGtJ mj

gJtaR _isF mWgo. mz MUJ mtisjh fahz
gbfhnt vW Kuo bfhL, xU eh khiy khbfhL
TotUF m ghgjF mHfhf ngRtjF Mirahf vyh
L bgfis nghwtshfnt UjhY mtjfSF rkkhdt my
vgJ brgfJF bj.

mt bjhL mkh cz bfhskhlh vgJ khyF

bjahlhY, brgfJF bj.

mt Lj vrif kfsjkh rblW s lh.

mlnl? k mR moR nghrh....... vgJ KW.

khy kRgo wgo F bfhSL nghF kfsjkhis

gjhgJl nehL nkny Vdh.

fhj ghij fuL KulhdJjh. fahz MF tiuF jh

ehtY khY mj ghijia o fhghf. gz, mjJ; rh
vyhtiw jho FJL gir bgWtJ ngh, fij idgtf
fijia fahz KoJLthf. Mdh, fuL Kulhd ghij, fahz
bjhljh SwJ.

khy vLjjbfyh mG w my. mGtjdh MWj clhwJ

vW idgjF khwhf rna brythwJ vW bjjt. mY, kz
thdh Vgl khWjYl, vL k neu mYtyf miw au ngh
aL tUF mtSF mHTl mW riy vd njhaJ.
gLifny nrhJ Gjh.

jh LF tf mDg nghtiy. tfS Mju bfhLf

nghtiy. ea Mjunth Mwhu ffSfgh ehL eyDfhd bjh
ts lJfhf gahw g bgw nghUwJ.

Jth bt?

khy?........ nH tJ fhia FoL nghf Tlhjhkh?

kh Fujh! kfsjkhit nghw mil mayhUF vjid

Mjuthf gL Fu!

khyF vGUf ntL vnw njhwiy. jiy Filuhod

RWtJ ngh RHwJ. mj RH mU gtir bja ghit
raK _ Tik mtis Gf tUtJ ngh xUJ ngh Kid
f. #hy futD yflnyhuK khiy kaF Jiz a, nfhk bgW

191
tsJ Mshl thg is oW w t GJl
fhfjh gt tjd.

cdfh vj kiyia jho Fng khY vwh mt.

cfSfhf eh vj miyia bghWng vwh mt.

vyh mnghJ g fdf!

nghJ, uar idf; elf.

mt, fdij oa FWFW nghJ mtSF yig

clhdhngh UjJ.

mrLjd. urid mnghJ vnf jJ? Mug!...

V gLnl khy? clF vd?

bjhL ghfLnk vW mG of Ugt ngh khy fiz

_obfhlh.

cl riyah, Fah? khy, khy, kafkh vd? rgf,

rgf, nf tJ mia bjhL ghU!

brgf tU tiuY khy bghWfiy.

fisghUjJ xQny...

fh Fof tnaD gaJnghnd. gnt oR

bfhLghfsh?

ntQdh vLJfyh.

ntQkh? gf# rgh, uF vnyhU btna fhny#&nfh, TYnfh

nghLthf. vgo nghJ nghF? ntQdh vLJf....

ny............. mrah UFJ...........

g mgojhUF. g ntW vLjh, mw ngW fhydh

UFkh?

kh fiy. nghlh.

............ ntQkh? ntlhkh?

go Vgl nghwbjw vznk mnghJ nghfiyna?

f U tU tiuY eh vgo Ung? vW mt nflh

vwhY, aghd btikjh RLtjhf UtU vUjhf.

kh khkD Jik khwhk Uj R.

192
 cdbfd? jh mkhit rah fhfh oJ lhna?... Xo
Xoayth. cdF mkh cgrhu brawhf? vW mtD jh.

FLg xU vW cyFF Knd VwhY csJF

Vfiyna? cyFF K Ujhbyd, yhlhbyd? LF
jhuhskhf tisa tu Koahj bfhoahyyth lgoUwJ?

khy nH w tJ Kfij fGbfhL tU K btaiw

nkirnk fh gyfhu bfhL tJ kh itJ lh.

gf# vnf? fhnyUJ tuiyah?

vd m?

th g{ia foJ bfhnl rikayiw Uj gf# Xotjh.

khyF j Rju VJ?

fhia GL kWgo khy kho To gJ lh.

thwJ ngrhk bra Kiw kh fhL rhJa khyF vts fr
vdhY rhJakhfjh UwJ.

khY...........?

vjidnah ehfSF m Mju njdhf tJ ghant khy

gJnghy vGJ tjh.

thfh, mjhD tUfhfsh? thf, ml ngh uh!

vdkh, jh mUghf gi[na kwnldhY ehf kwf

Kokh?..... v khr J khY?

vd mjh f? cfhUf..... ehfhia GJ nghL

brygid cfhu brhdh.... FHijia bfhL KjkiH
bghjh.

j ga kwlhdfh, vdnkh K K ghwhnd......

mfhS jif Fy bfhoUifny brgf tJ vo

ghJL nghdh.

kh riwbfyh _iwf kho V tjh.

Rfkhkh? khrkh UFJD nfgL tnjh vwh UF.

mfhSF jifF vjid ahr? fil, Fil, ey fW,

btisny khfh nghl lit ewhfnt iy.... ny Vnjh W Ugh
rgs thFgt bg rh - njfh JL vbz nfhJ F
jiy brygid rkkhf kf bfhrTl mtSF bjUfiy.

193
 btWig GL, ig beaL, thf.......... vwh nfhk.
mkhSFjh cl eyhny. khY khYnd vneu ywhf. mJ
KGfhk UFjhD nfglw gwwhf.....

mtfis ToL tuJjhnd? mtSF cl eyh ny. gny

tony mts u miyff gakh UFJ. mt Ujh M
nghfnt rkf khlh. mtSjh ony vgo bfhL bfhLD
cfhUngD nghtuh...... khoiaL eh wf brhYwJ iy.
mgoUf gidJ f gny miyayhkh?

khy giy foJ bfhlh.

UF jaL Ko, tisa fhD..... f brawJdh..... mkh

nfLL tubrhdhf vW Gjh.

vyh br tHfjh! wj o, bgh tis, nriy vyh

thwJ cL........ vwh nfhk.

mt Fig czJ Uk ngdh.

fahzjh vgonah MlJ. mJ kdR j ehny rnjhkh

UfQ. nfLLthD mkh brhdhf. vd cnlh, ehf
gzjlnwh. f xU ehis FR brJLf. nfhk ng rus
nghjh us bjhlaJ. mJbfd, brlh nghR. ghfQdh
cfkhis ToL th.......

gf# j iy uL jsf fh kL bfhL tJ

brygDF UkF bfhLjh. g vdJFf, fh?... vw
Uk. tisa vgo braQnkh? fns brJLtjhdh.. gz
bfhLfLkh? Vkh khY? vwh.

khyF Kf tjJ. j rujhabkyh vJF mfh?

tHfij V FiwfQ? mt brhYwh nghy xQyhk

fahzjh elJ nghR. ww FHij eyh Uf ntzhkh? vwh
nfhk, foF njhuiz.

wF Uk fizfhl, bryg igUJ wJ uL W

Ugh nehLfis vLJ Ukl bfhLjh. Uk nfhk if
gagl bfhLjh.
mt cliy tU ciHJ, kf fahzJfhf mUikahf nrj
fhR vgJ khyF bj. bghnd nghy JfhW mUikahf Uj mj
fhir, nfhk myakhf ehY ko koJ, L brUbfhlh. dK
W Ugh nehlhf HFgt mt!

Vnjh rtu vgJD fwJ, ghfyh. fhia Fona? vwh

nfhk.

194
 Uk FHijF gh bfhLJL jhD gh FoJ L lsiu
fG itf vGjh.

UfL mfh, fGt ntlh! vwh khy vrYlnd.

guthny khY?......

khy lgsiu L nH itjh. wF brygD Ukkhf

bga FL nghLL ilbgW bfhlhf.

nfhk mtrukhf nH mLig ghf iujh. khyF w

lnyna jiy RHwJ. tW fh ggy czfS moJ uL
bfhL nkYF vG btna tu RHwd. beir oJ bfhL
gLif Gjh.

khy? khy? V gLJnl? clig vd gQjh?

jiy RJJ mnj!

vdhY ah? vbzy KGd g{ Mfny vGrgH R

FLfLkh? uhntisahnr?

......... ntzh........... vwh khy jiyia oJbfhL.

r, vfhnj. uf urK, nrhW fy bfhLjDgnw. FoL

gLJf..... mR njahnr. Mny d rgs goa nghlah?

nghLlhf. idFjh rgs tjJ. bgo UFJ.

cid nff thlhKdh vd brawJ? mtDF Ris

nghy IW mDlhf. ghfhu Kgz nfFwh. yho khil
bfhlhJ fwfkhlh. isjh bgQ nrhJ nrhJ Gnw,
xU ey fhahD Fof ntzhkh? idF buL f fhF gh
vLnl. ehisF rHik. xU bghGJ. nkhUFTl gh iy......
vnf btUnf brhY.

jiyia oJ bfhL khy vGUf Kawh.

vf ntlh. brhY. vLJlnwnd?

bgony btUnfnd.

guthiy. wJjhnd UF?

Mkh. nriyfo gnrhL UF.

nfhk bgoia wJ nriyfoUJ gi[ vLJ bfhlh.

vf ntlh. ur nrhW bfhLJlnw. th tjhY

Fjiy. FoRL....

195
 V! rgf, j fh jsUfis vLL ngh fG it. mgona
tRL nghlhf!

nfhk LblW gow nghdh.

xU rgs Tl KGrh go mtSila mkhl khy bfhLjiy.

goF ntiyF jFj ntljh mtSila rgha rah UjJ.

ntJF jFj gy ilJlJ. xU rgs Tl j o

mtSF jfiy.

JauJF g khyF Ko bfhL tjJ.

nt iy; KS iy.

gzJF xWnk iy!

g
1. nt - fijia fUbghUS Rit ijahk RU tiuf.

2. nfhk kUkfis ntWghL fUjhk, m ghuho VW bfhljhf

fgidahf xU fijbaGJf.

3. nt - j fij tU xU fia ciuahlyhf vGJf.

196
 5. kf
gh. braufhr

eh ngh wa nghJ, gizu ahrkhd NH yaJ.

C bjif viy foUjJ thfhd aku. akuiu R
kiHia nenu ntUF wLtJ ngh gs neho R tl nkil
foUjhf. brf j Foj a ku FS, FSbtW H gu
Kbt, bt glhk tl nkil mkjtfis fhjJ.
wJ lF mdfhK mij kf yu kh Ujh.
giz uJfhuf a kuJ nkil mUnf mtid kJ W
Ujhf. mt brhj Cuhd UJ gizuJF Mfis nt
iwa To tUjh.
ghiytdu vW bga bfhLUf ntL. ej fhLf k
ghiytd Fonaatf bjhlffhy Miria gizu vw bga
fhobfhoUjJ. gizuij el eLthf sJ bfhL gy C
gfS yhfS, fhfS XLw W efukhf nghJ khUwJ.
wJ ehfh rhitfgoUF mdfhK mij vdF neuo
cwiy. bfho t, is t njo bjhl ntL. clF fh buhg
KoahkUj uL khjfSF K nr tj nghJ ngh ghnj.
mg wJ tsj iajh brhj C vwiHwhf. mkh
wj C isfSF brhj kzhf bjgLtiy. mkh CUF
nghUnj vW J brhtnj gHfkhUwJ.
brhj CUJ xU tU Kdhnyna jh, jfgid uoaoj
kfid kJ w gizuJ Mf jah iy whf.
uoaofgl mgDF MjhF _j kUkf vw bga
tUwtfisbayh mlbfhLJ MjF H gizu
mtfSF iljJ.
kf Kj itj ntjh ngdh. zij brhj CUF
vLJbfhL ngh mlf bra trahf itj nt njitglJ.
Mdh z vW bjjl, ntfhuf thdhf. fil
itfhj j blnghnt iljJ.
tjJ tOf. ngh mGwtf mGf. Mdh mj mkhit CUF
vLL nghwJ brwJfwJ ntiy ntlh.
CUJ kf j thbfhLJ Mfis To tUwh.
nghbjyh mgojh elwJ. fahz, fUkh, rlF, mk bfhil
vW vj fahdhY jbfW jahf xJL elJ tUwJ.
j th Cjhk vj Hh elfTlhJ vg uhkJfhuf
xWikahf Uwhf. jF vuhd rha / Rjkh wJ gizu.

197
 VW bt NL fhiynyna vfjhs nghlJ. w TlJF eL
eh ghij clhago elf ntoUjJ.

nghd jlit j l fhyo itj nghJ mdfhK mij

kuzghijF fUizyhk uoaofgL bfhoUjh. vid
ghjJ ehfo gLjgona mGjh. kf gd u mnghJ
yglJ.

Tlij yago eLs kf jdgha f foa

JfSl vid v bfhlh. L FHij vl tu jhaJ.

vg wjJ?

uh xgJ k. xfSF nr brhd bfhr neu c

millJ.

Kj eh id jaJ. bjhlJ uL ehf id ja

iynyna vkndhL kYfo bfhoUUwh.

id L rF yhk Uj mj xU fz mdfhK
mij brh Uwh:

j tjJfw jh vid fQ.

mo brh mkh, vW fyago tjh jd. mt

whnd vgJ ngh eh jafgL U ghj nghJ,

f ngrhk thf khkh

H rj nfLbfhoUj bjUF eljh. H NHYF

bghUjhj fh gj cfhUj vnyhiu nghL , vW
jJ. VjhtJ xU khkhy brJ, mj isPiu gjUJ ef
nghdh eyJ vW njhaJ.

Jo (H) nfL nghwtfSF Kj rh vgo GjJ vW

czUf ntL. vgoglt rh vw juhjuK csJ.

KgJ ta mo itJ bfhoUF isP, neahd ng, rgh

nfh, iy TLd ao, tyJ if uhby, lJ if jf bfofhu;
uL uf nrt bfhil ngh mfykh j nkhu, gy neuf
s tanyna jiy FWL ghiytdij kiwf, bjh yhk KoahJ.

Mdh H NHYFa Njhd yhk, mj isP mnf

bjglh. kf kujo ahrkhd NHiy cUth bfhoUjnghJ
mt gjYfo bghUjghL yhj fhia ijJ bfhoUjh.
ufa ngh r bgl ms cs mfh vW brhdhf.
ntbwnfnah ngh L nenu F tJ njhuizah wh vW
bjjJ. mt ahnuhL ngR gHf nghfhk jahf wh. ahUlD
mt ngragliy. mnj bghG H o mFf VJ yhk

198
rhahug mF F gfo ngago cfhJ cfhJ vGUjh. xU
l U bfhsiy. ah HF catnuh mtnu bfhil frh
FU ngh miyJ bfhoUjh.

bt cfhUj Fokf fdfuhR tiu ghjh, cns

rhitUw mkhF UD njhQjh vwh.

mjhnd vw duh{, rhahug ifia btLbfd Ro,

Mkh, khkh, mj mkhF f ahU? vwh nfahf.

ngR rhJa tisJ tisJ bfho bfhoUjJ. Xilfiu

jUF cfhJ, cfhJ vGw jhobfh nghy khkh ngR
tskh eidJ vG, vG nkny tjJ. H LF rgL tuhj
mtiu mj isPiu mUJ ehnd ef bfhL nghl
idnj. mJjh mj NHYF njhjhUF.

khkh, ahahUF jhf mDf?

eh nfnl.

ciknyna btiy Fjago, jjjh, jjjh, vW FJ

bfhoUj mtiu, mj NHYF bfhL tuntoUjJ.

mJ bfhns Joy MU vwh gblW F ngR

rhJa Ka my. bghUjkhd giy cf ntLbkW mtUF
njhwiy.

vbjj CUF mDf?

Kd eh bghGjilR uh xgJ kFjh c milRJ.

MdhY HF uL eh ey nghuhl jh. nahR, nahR tir
ukkh vyh CUF ~ngh nghlhU _j khs mJ vtsnth JL
MwJ?

fily brhj Ciu LOuhF.

bgj kfDF xU thij...... brhy njhzny. duhR

FWlh.
goaf JjtJ nghy, gObuW bfhjh khkh.

brhj C, vdF iyna?

mg kf?

kfdh? mjh mtid midnf jiy KGahnr

g, FitJ mojJ kh vnyhiu fyaJ. m TLj

Rjhnghnlna Ujh. duhR lfhf nflh.

mg JahU, CU?

199
 eh Vnjh tJ fF f tUnf.

khkh g kWgo jhaJ. _j kUkfid mJ RoUf ntL.

ntiyaha nghtJ nghy, bgUJ vGJ nghdh. iyik nghfhk, eh
khkhit ghJ ifaknd.

FghLtjF K jiyF vbz afh itw rlF

VghL elJ bfhoUjJ. vbz afh FiHj ghu mij
jiykhLF gf itfglJ. tajhd bgakh ^ nghL cfhJ,
xbthUt ifY afh FHig vLJL bfhoUjh. Mf
vwh lif. bg vwh tyif. vj nujkhf UjhY mJjh
tHf. bgQF tyif bragLw cik fgoUjJ.

khkh Kj, wF tirah kUkff. id ngh g g dhny

tj kf rblW vbzF if oUjh. mj bgakh if
nkny caJ jhjJ. bgakhF gf W iffGt j L
bfhoUj _jkf kfh, rblW ifia jo lh. vbz,
afh mt _ mojJ.

Tl gjlkhaJ. tuTlhJ, rlFf braTlhJ vW xJ

itUgij Kng btgilahf bjJ oUjhf.

vd UjhY bgj kf iyah? mt jhnd braQ? mgD

Mjh kfDF fLgltf jh. idF moUf. ehisF
xzh ToUf.

kf To tUjtf xuL ng mtDfhf ngdhf.

mdfhK rlyF Kdh bty vLJ rhahoago wh khkh.

Mfhu bfhoUj bgf, mtid kJ whf. _j kf

kfh, vbz ghuij vLJ bfhL cns ngh oUjh.

RLfho ij nk mdfhK mijia gLf itUjJ. Kfij

_L K vnyhiu xU Kiw ghJ bfhs brhdhf. bg vgjh
khnjia ghjgo FwgLf itjhf. M vwh thdij ghjgo
kyhfgLf itghf.

mtid bfhr Lfah. bfh itfL Tl ahnuh

brhdhf. kf bfhFl vLjh Fl bfhjkhnlh vW xQ
nghy IJ kUkffS kWJoUjhf. ahUF Zlnkh bfhnfhf
vW mthis thf kWjhf. mjF jahuh khk Kiw ntoa Mis
VghL brJ, brhj CUJ TL tUjh mt.

kfh rlbfW Kdh tjh. ahU itfTlhJ. vfkhF

eh itnw.

mtSila tyJ njh bfhFl VaJ. ghJ, ghJ.

MfSFjh tyJ njhy itwJ. PhgfgLdhf.

200
 kfh _W Kiw R tjh. _j kUkf uhFkh Fl bfhj,
Jthu tahf jhiu L kiz eidjJ. rlyf vj vY Yf
fhf Fd. xnu btah, rdj tjJ nghy _W Kiw R tjt
jiy kho Flij nghLiljh.

cilrhrh? mgona U ghfhk ngh

vbz afh FiHJ vLJl bgakh flisL,

TobfhL eljh.

g
1. kf - fijia fUbghUS Rit ijahk RU tiuf.

2. jtdh iflgl Knah y js jijbahUt

brhtJngh E brhj eil xU fLiu tiuf.

3. kf - fij khjiu g wdh brJ xU Ko TWf.

201
 6. r
eh ehl

fh fil rahd Tl, M Uf liy. s thl

nghoUj bgRf beU oJ bfhL cfhUjhf. bg
Xuf UjtfSF xU if Koia CWtjF kLnk l UjJ. if
fGL tjtf njiy Fof tU K fhahd l ntW Mf
mkjhW. njiyia W bfhnl FoFgo MW. _W ng ehF
nguhf tjtfSF vnyhUF xnu bg l ilfiy. btntW
bgRf mkjtfSF vyh ilwjh vW voghf ftf
nto UjJ.

rhgh th r th bfhL eljt t, t vW f

mF F xJf liy. thf fiwf xJFtjh
ghtiz KJif tisjt ril cuhjJ. rhl iyia vLJ
jhnd nghLtJ mj gf ehff. JL thiH iyfis v if RUo
oJ vLJbfhL iy bjhoia neh eljtf vbrhL Hhk
ftdkhf oJ FJ eljd. MdhY jiuY ntofY rhgh
ro fyit brhLf jd.

njhir, , til, g{ vW nfl rjf, MnghUF

vW njhirfhf iy Kdh fhUjtf. urtil tuL vW iy
lj njhiria shk Ujtf. Kj vL W L ulhtJ
vLfhf if fha cfhjtf. ifnahL Oia FoJL vHyh vd
Ujtf Uiffhu rhL KofL vW bghWiknahL
Ujtf. V! bts bfhlhgh.. vW Fu bfhLjtf. ghJL
njhiria iy J j itJ bfhL bdhU nlh r rhghUfhf
vghUjtf, V! fzF vdgh? vW nfL wtf.....
mlntUF nk mGF JL kL fo bfhL, jo
njhir vLJ bfhL elj rtf, ifia Jo JilJL, j
jsUF uL vLJ tJ bfhLjhf. r thia bfhL
Xodhf. Xongh fyh K fzF brhdhf. rika miwD
wtfis rj nghL uodhf.

dK mj fil j f euY ahghu elFbkwh

fh filfhu nfhO[tu M Ugh. J gJ eh ghL, mJ bfhoa
Va Kj _W ehfY nrlkhf Tl UfhJ. ehyh UHhbjhL
khiy MW kF fil wjh oa oa j fijjh. njnuhl mW
uhgfyhf fil. Xnt ilahJ.

nky bjU kfuh# j VG ehfY xU mS m Lth.

nghfhufSF, njtt nghL mfhfSF, fil Vy L
kfikfhufSF, cS rlfSF Xgo msjhY mJ fL rh
nghyjh. bgjhf gh VJ tJ lhJ.

202
 bfho Va mnw jdJ mWjo fs kRtiu _Q ghf s
oJ j thr clh, mkh mzid TL Xiy fhkz
nghL, rhL l rika miw vW J, RY LgsF Xiyah
iwJ, gJ bgRfS nki#fS nghL - gft yh fh s jah.

xWF uL iy. rhjhuz ehf gJ igrh vW F ,

njhir, til vyh UgJ igrh. ms juK Tlij ghJ Fiw.
ghjah njfh zh miuj ro, rfh bto nghL
fliy kh fya rhgh. Mdh vyh bfhf bfhf vnghJ UF.

cq Mf ahU UHh fhyf fh filF tukhlhf.

vyh fnr nff thfd vL ghf tU RW w Tl jh. oa
oa ehfnfh UJ RuJ UHh bg g cL. vdnt gJ
gidJ ik Rws cs uhkf Ubjyh Tl rh.

vW uL fnrf, khiy Nykfy rnfhjf. nf..

Rjuhgh, fh, ghyKu UZzh vW MW Kj xgJ tiuF. wF
ehkngil, V.nf.. ogh, uk vW u _W k MF. vjidnah
MLfsh nfL nfL RWw uhkfSF Xus rj Phd
VgoUjJ. fnr vghjgo mikahlh rj m jfhfkhf
th, fiy kiz th vJ Cis L thid uoaJ cL.

UHh Tl MLnjhW Fiwahk UFnghJ fh fil

TlK Fiwtiy. jidF UHhfhy bg fh filf mF
vjidnah cL.

khfJ rj mts bga <LghL xW ilahJ. bfhr

ghL WF cL. khghil mnj ngh Ug ghLth. g
Tl ghL ngho fyJ bfhL ghuah ghL ghLtJ, FoauR d
Hh - Rju d Hh iw tzf ghLtJ cL. nghJ xgjhtJ
tFF tj wF jHha y njthu Uthrf ghlfis uhf nghL
gof brh bfhLjh. MdhY mJ kh ghL nghy tUtiy.

khf jfgdhUF njho, igu, fufuah vw ntWghL

JL vW brhtjiy. UjhY fnrF nghth. vnyhU
nghwhf vgjhY Ufyh. fnr Ko ghL JflhfSfhf,
kh ghLfSfhf Ufyh. myJ M Tl, iur, btrf,
o sgufhuf Xal eld, krf, kuz zW
ftfSfhf Ufyh. vJ rakh brhlKoahJ.

bfho V, UHh nuhuh nehOR ghj mUnj khf

jfgdhiugrf Mujh.

agh! VshUehSF ehD c Tl tulh?

mts u elJl khlny.....

203
 elnggh......

bghw fhY tF if tFD brhylhJ.... nghf tu gJ

ikyhF....

nghd tUr njnuhl ghf eljh ToL nghnd?

mJ gfY.... J uhyh? cwfhk UfQ.... Ueh filny mJ

thjh J thjhQ erflhJ...

mgh nghl gjidfSbfyh xJ bfhLjh khf

UHhF wglh.

IJ kF mgh kfD rhLL wglhW. UHh

ghJ U tu mfhiy MF vgjh, tW gfhk Ugjfhf, yhf,
rhghil xU o ojhW. elFnghJ uL _W Kiw ifia kz
ghJ bfhlh khf. fUthL FH thrid f bkW Rfkhf
UjJ.

njnufh, Juhk njU tahf Ru mila VGk

jholJ.

vgh! fh khghL ghl MuUghdh?

mJF vL k MFny... g uhfjh ghOoUgh...

giHah FWnf w, bknuhil jho, fU fil,

ghghoa lhfil, ntyh lhfil vyh flJ bjg
FsfiuF tUnghJ Tl fiu flJ ljJ. vF U ro r
glhs. if jonahL ghfnt gakhf UjJ.

fhnj... ngh, neuh nghnl U......

Kf K Uf l iy. Tlij Rtuhf sUj ghij

R tjhlJ. vF Uf njhJgliy. C uh x bgU
flgoUjjh Mfhnf Fg Fgyhf cfhJ fnr nfL
bfhoUjhf.

gh........ gh.......... gh........... vW D vts neuJFjh Ggh

vW njhaJ khfJF, xU RW R tJ, ghlf fgL
j KfF gftho Uj klg J Uj kjfnshL V
cfhjhf khfK jfgdhU.

khghL nghL neu tJlJ nghUwJ Tl eL

UJ khghL, khghL vW iff cajd. xU l beL
bksd.

fjid fj flgid..... vW bga vLgh fh Fu

CJg fo ifah RUL J guaJ.

204
 fnr Koa xgjiu k MW. xU Tl wgL nghW.
n d bksyhdh ehjRu, tyago, tyifkh bg j nff
kW Tl tJ bfhoUjJ. fnrF xU k neu ilntis cL.
j ilntis jh rf[&, bufh lhR KKukh elF.
ilj ilbtia gagL bfhL gh ghoa lh fil,
o sgufhuf nghL bfhSdhf. xbgU xW ehf nfh
filfSF th Xahk sgu brh bfhoUjJ.

k xUF. Fj fhW bkJthf aJ. Tl eL

cfhJ UgjF fjfjghf UjJ khfJF. Tl eL
j ghijnahu cfhJ bfhoUjh nkil ehjRuK jY ewhf
bjjd. xU ifuf bjhf nghL kWif Filah f itJ
bfhL - L L L jf Mfhukh mjd.

khfJF cwf tU nghUjJ. cwdh mgh VRth vW

gaK UjJ. fnr Koa D uL k neukhtJ MF nghUwJ.
mJtiu cwfij GJ oJ WJtJ fod. guf guf ghJ
bfhL cfhUjh khf.

j Mtjd KoJ - gJ a kuf agH xnu neu

cYaJ ngh - rlrlrlbtd if jl bjg FsJ _iy ghiw nkh
vbuhjJ. Fg Fgyhf Mf vGjd. fh Gj l ntW ntW
Mf tJ mkjd.

TlnjhL vGj jfgdhnuhL khf eljh. ewhf tW gjJ.

IJ kF w nrhW nghd l aiy. fufubtd c RujJ.
VjhtJ wh bfhyh. mghl nffyhkh ntlhkh vW njhaJ.
bfhr, neu UHh filfis ntoif ghJ R miyJ L
`gft yh filgf tjd. Nlhd fliy vbz g{ KWF
thrid. mgh khfl nflh. tW gfny?

M vD mj jiyairjh.

btna tUgtfis oJbfhL jh cns EiHa nto UjJ.

gz th nghL nki#ia R xnu Tl.
uL ngU loJ cfhjhf.

MSF ehY njhir, uL urtil, njiy, rhF foah vGa

iygoaiy ghJ kdJF To bfhlh khf. vyhkhf
uL %ghbjhW igrh MaJ. iyia vLJ nghLL th
bfhgJ, Jo mgh ril J khfK JilJ bfhL gz
bfhLF lJF tjd.

fzho nghl mzh ehY EgJ.

mLjhny xU xQ UtJ.

205
 ghlh xQ mR vW jhWkhwhf Fu nfL bfhoUjJ.
th nghLgtF Kf VL ghf; fhir v thf, gh
bfhLf bgUghlhf UjJ.

xW mahjt ngh Kdh elj khf mgh jhdkhfW

koia mJ xU vlzh Jil vLJ nki# nk itjh. VL ghj
filfhul buL njiy vW fzF brhL khf
ifia oJ bfhL eljh.

bfhr u nghdJ khf U U ghjh. mgh

Kfij fs f nghL ghjh. xU ntis jfhfjh mgh xU
UHh lhk fnr nff tUwhnuh vW njhaJ. tnuhL
tuTlhJ vW khJ bfhlh.

g
1. r - fijia fUbghUS Rit ijahk RUbaGJf.

2. neik jtwhf khf mj g jtwhJ thif ghLgL

cajjhf xU fij vGJf.

3. cf Cnfh UHh fhfis RU xU fLiu tiuf.

206
 7. X cyhr gaz
tzjhr

vnghJ idjhY nghfyh.

mts gfjh UwJ thfh. Fwjfhf

wgltjh nfna W lh. eilwf fh itFnghJ, nkL
gTl thah vnu FJL tJ bfhoUjh. ghyh njJ
Fghol gR fWFo jdilah Knd ngh bfhoUjd.
tiu ghjJ, xnw xiw khu jh nfgjF neu UjJ ngh `vd,
igaid wF fil ghnjnd, Fwhy vfDF mDgiyah? vW
eil wtiu ghJ nflh. gR j ngh gf ngh W bfhL
xUKiw tiu U ghJ faJ. fW Fo, vj L Rtnuhuij
kfyh jl bfhoUj Cik bt W rlrlbtW cY
bfhlJ. jh nfljF jhnd, vd bghyhj Fjhy? uL _Q ehsh
j Cnu Fjhy khjh UF vW gY brh bfhL nghdh.

Mkh, uL _Q ehfsh mow fhiw rhuiy ghjh,

Fwhy khjh UwJ. nghJTl fhiy gbdhU k khiy.
FbkW Uo lwJ. ufz ojJ ngh. vnghjhtJ gG bt.
mow fh bgU nghlJngh bjU gbuW lwJ. elkhlnk
iy. bjU fil ghjh, ig go xU btshL Fo khu,
fhgL Rtbuh wgo rj nghL bfhoUwJ. kWgo
kWgo mjDila rj xU FHij mGifia nghy nfwJ. oiy
th bfhL nghd y litfh JoUj btiy rhW tgh
jiu FHUwJ. `ntgKJ Ufh, ntgKJ? vw xU Fu j
bjUit mLj bjUit izw rUJ nfwJ. xnu X mur iy
fh gwJ tJ GJ, jiunahL jiuah rU nghwJ. ObuW gfJ
L mLfis mfzUJ f j bjU ghtiu, mj xiw
muiyia ftJ ngh fhfsh Xo GwJ. KUiffh rif
fjfh njhYkh nrhW gUifnahL lw mUtUig
ghjJ mt wh. ngh KUiffh [ndh? vW idJ
bfhlh.
bjU btWikia fiyJ bfhL xU ir mtru mtrukhf
nghW. vd mtru mgo? vgJ ngh ir nghw ir ghjh.
vnu wF Rfis ifF benrhL mizJ ojgo tj mtUila
kfndhL nkhJtJngh, rlhbuW iris bto, rJLwhngh xU
brUfhiy jiu njJ Kif U kiwjJ mJ. ir
ntfij U ghjgona tUw kfid ghjJ tUF vdnth
brjJ. guL g_W taUF. vL gowh. mtidjh mt
Fwhy vfDF mDg Koaiy.

207
 _W thufSF K xUeh fhiy vliu kUF.
rhlyhkh? vW mLfisia ghJ nfljF, tSF jiy
lQ. dij L MgF nghfQ. MJ j
ofQ, Flij nghL tUnf. ts nrhF k fS
`rhlyhkh, rhlyhkh Q d isY nflh gwjh eh vd
gz? vdF vd VG ifah UF? vw glglj g nfL mlUj
neu. mtUila iga jDila jfigUJ xU neh jfij vLJ
bfhL t gf tjh. Tlh. VL ghjJ nehilJ xU
t w nehOi[ vLJ bfhLjh.

vd J?

vf[ nghwhf! jFnk mt xW brhyiy. ngrhk

fhg ghi[ vLJ neho tl nghlh. mj tlF xU jhkiu
it tiua Mujh. xnu xU tisnfhL khu GUjJ tlJF.

mt mj nehOir ghjh. mJ mtUbfhW aiy. flj

uL tUkh mt ghjJjh. mt gow gTl, tUlnjhW
Rju dij xo gobahU cyhr uahzF VghL gQtJ,
bjhifthah bga Cf MuJ xU %gh vW fil `nyhf
vf Kow goaiy mtUF ghuhkny Tl brhy Kojh.
nghd tUlnk jh mtid, mLj tUl fogh Fwhy mDtjhf
brhUjh. ita bry, fahz L bry, mJ J vW j
tUlK trgliy. ij idif mtUF tUjkh UjJ. xW
Xliy. fydh ngh mtid ghjh.

vd jhkiu tiuah? vW nflh.

Mkh vwgona iga mj vf m mroUj nggiu

bghdh th frfhk th vUJ vLjhndh mj nehoFnsna
itJL kWgo tiua Mujh.

xU thij Tl Fwhy nghfntL vW brhyiy. `vngh

nghfQ vW nffiy. tUF, mt mgobayh nffkhlhdh,
`FwhyFjh nghnt vW mHkhlhdh vUjJ. njWjY
rkhjhdKkh jDila iyia sFtjFTl th juhj mtDila
bksd buhg fdjJ. mt vijnah brhy nghif......... mt `jhkiu
eyhUfhgh? vW nehil ca odh.

mnf vd Cnyyhj fij ng MFnjh, bjaiyna. vdnkh

uYF nghw kh, rhlQ rhlQQmoR nlns mgij
mLgoUJ Fu tjJ.

mkh, rhl TLjh mt Fjgona brhbfhL fhg

lghit _odh.

208
 wif bfhLngh mLgoFnsna nghoU. kiH tUnghYUF....
vijahtJ brhy ntLnk vgjfhf mtl brhago, mt dh
oF nghdh. nfUJ mLgo tiu xU eil. oF xnu UL.
FH bfhw fhlkhd thil, fhF fUgo bfhw thil
xnu rka tJ bfhoUjJ. nghJjh wF th nghlt Vnjh
yiwia v ghjgo btna kWgo nghdh.

bjho FHij QaJ. tnghdh.

thu ghijny mgona iyil nghLL thf. Ig fhif

kiH nghjh milR bga nghw kh xnuaoah UolF.... mtid
vnf, bgatid? afh bghly thL thQ mDnd.
nghnangh bjhiyRlh nghYF. dJ bjhoy lJL <S
<SQ Qdh GJLwJ ahUQ bjaiy.....

j rjijbayh ftfhk, mt bjhoiy GJlh. mt

go iyyhk ntiy brwij, mtDF xU rnjh vw j
mt cSu Uw FwhyF j jlit mDg Koahk nghdij
idJ buhg tUdh. nfna rhuY fhWkh go Uif,
Fwhy mU j vdkh G vW idif, jhndTl
xUjlit Fwhy nghfntL nghUjJ.

mJ vd rj? kiHah GJ? bfhony <u Jbayh fha

nghoUnjnd. vyhij LFns m bfhzhJ nghlh
vd? ijbayh nrhW ghidF Kdhy w kD brhlh
UfQ?

bfho flj <uJfisbayh bfhL tJ oFns,

jhrhYkhnghLif, Rtnuhukh xo xo Toa kL eidahk,
filUJ mtUila iga tJ bfhoUjh.

kiH ewhf tYJlJ. tlF bjFkh rJ rlrlbtW

fdJ bga MujJ. Xo kiH GJ nyrhd kz saJ. eida
eida XL iu caJ. wF FJ JjJ. vnghnjh a xU giHa,
tl gl lgh nk j GJ a rjfis clhaJ. thriy
xo brhL brhlh XoUJ FJ, mw kiH ntf TlTl
fah bfhoaJ.

rjrjQ <uij L LF thrYF elkho ehr

gzha. xU giHa rhif vLJ nghl brhYf mtid. vdnkh
Rju d, bfhonaJQ bgatS, eLsJ gTlJF
ngh bjhiyRUF. Filia vLJL nghmij ToL thf
eidRL tJ, mw fhr, kil oQ v ght gw nghFJ.

gunk V r rhif vLJ, mt thr nghLtjF, Filfis

vLJbfhL iga gTl nghlh. `t Vgo j ta

209
vyhtF eh eh vW wh? khnl, KoahJ vW V mtDF
brhy bjaiy.... tUF mt nk m ufK FjJ. kdnj
fngh, Vnjh xU Jf fJ nghdJ ngh jjJ. Uf Koaiy.
thrYF tJ kWgo kiHiana ghJ bfhojh.

jhrh Xubyyh nu gaJ ngh nriyfiuah kiHj

bjUjJ. btis btnsbuW xU g mirahk Rt xo
bfhoUjJ. jiu j bfhsL Xl MuUjJ. xU tha
F, nenu xU glif ngh jJngh mw rW U miu tlkoJ
mirahk wJ. xU fhf vUnjh fiujJ. XL nknynah, v L Va
fnyh myJ LLbtW rj nfFgo Gw mj tofh FHhnyh
cfhJ, mJ wif Y bfhoUfyh.

FHijf tUw rj nfwJ. btnghd Rjkhd dW

ghjfsh isahlhf, vJ Xo tUw jiu `yh elif
kiH j xU fzho ghskh RUL GtJ mHfhUjJ. bga
bg Filf KidfUJ cw brhLfis xU csif V
jgo tUwJ. Filia oUw ifah j LtJ ngh Filia
kl bghUJtjfhd f tisit blhblhbtW mG LjJ.
nghJ jh.

tjJ, Filfis th j iynyna fW fhsh fshf Rtiu

xo rhJL........

mz bjUthrny fhgh, vj L jnlhonyUJ

LLQ GJyhgh, mij ghJoUfh. tnsh crunyUJ
buhg j GJgh. vW iffis thia FJ mea
tkh brhaJ.

vdJ? kiHj Gwij ntoif ghJL fhdh?

ntoif vd ntolF? ehY Fl jia oJ itjhyhtJ,
ehis nd nrhW bghwJF MF. MJ jF fhJlw
mygiuahtJ R. mtid TL Filia if bfhLJ j
of brhyTlhjh?

cns ngh uL br ghidf uil iff bfhL

tjh. ifF xwh bfhL njhnshL fGijrhJ Filia
mizJ KJ V, thr gfnghdh. eil ghidfis w itjgo,
j Gw gf ghjh.

j iwajh GJ bfhoUjJ. vj L kR `jnlho

tofhUJ j uL csif mfyF gilah, gh
bjU GwmsF ntfkh tisJ GJ bfhoUjJ. mtUila
iga m ffis _o, uL iffis benrhL bfhL
FJbfhoUjh. thkhu mtnghJ J bfhL jiu
th th bfhgJ bfhLUjJ. mU GJ, mU GJ vw

210
thijfisna xU uhf ngh ghobfhL, fhfis kh kh crhfkh
mt MobfhoUjh. c jiy j GJ, Kobayh
beia kiwJ ljJ. Rt gfkh U KJif fho Fjh.
nAh vW iffis ca rj nghL, nkny ghJ jUF vnu
Kfij fhodh. _od ffis wfhknyna, FJ fhL cfhJ,
bjhil eLFtJngh `is of tUwt kh rj bfhLJ
Tr nghlh. iffis nrJ jiu gJbfhL, ifY jiyY
kh kh j Gw tif KD D rhJ Modh. nH UJ
mFy mFykhf ifia ca jiu nkneh jSwnghJ
jiurfungh cs iffUJ th jWw jiu ujh.

mt ghJ bfhnl wh. cSF bksdkh kdjh mGjh.

br ghidfis Filia bfhL, eida eida il ghf
nghdh.

ifny br ghid Filkh U tjhnr vd a?

mtid fhzkh? mj fKoth j kiHnahL kiHah vnf ngh
bjhiyrh?

uL dho gny brhyhk mt mtisna ghJ bfhoUJL,

jiu rhJ itUj Filf Kidf tah fJ, yh
j beJ bgUFtij ghjgona fufuJ brhdh.

"FwhyJF."

g
1. X cyhr gaz - Wfijia fUbghUS Rit ijahk RU
tiuf.

2. X cyhrgaz - Wfijia ehlfkhf totikf.

3. Ua X RWyhF bry KoahJ jilnagL mjdh tUj

vajhf xU fit idJ Ugf ms xU fLiu tiuf.

211
 8. xbthU fyh
fjt

mj o t FLgnjhL FonaanghJ gfRt Rtbuyh

Ufiy. oF vnghJ thr, mWj ku thr, bg
thr, fGt fGt L, btFehisF tJ bfhoUjd. byw
jiu RtfS mj F, bfL oahd thridbayh nrj
mtSF, isfSF xU thuF fLikahd #ynjh flJ.

L JR vWfhl, nghw tUwt W ghfbkW

gytiw Lfhu brUjh. Fkh y vW j kf bgaiu
oF itJ, mij xU rh cau vGJfshf o M bkhil
khoRt VUjh. mj , L Fona Rgdij xU Kil tot
gUjh. xU tuhjh UJ vbyo liu btRt gyif miwJ
bghUUjh. UZoglhkUf fW nuhk j f xU btis
ria fo bjhf oUjh.

K FoUj L xU xo Fojd. m MLu, ghU, y

neuf thrgo cfhu vW vyhtF . jgfK mj
gfKkhUj VG nghfis dkh, bgakh Lf vW isf
idJ ntis bfl ntisf isahl nghf, ntlhj thijfis
nfFgo MdJ.

isfis vgo tsgJ; mLjtfnshL vgo gHFtJ vgitfis

mtfSFnghf JtF xbthU rkaY th rilF ngh
ifunahf KojJ. nfhg ja bjU jahf elif mt
ril Ka iy xU eh brhdJ Ug Ug Phgf tjJ.
vfSF bjahj vij g Jrh brhoa?
`j L vW nghlh, mt nkY isf nkY akhf Uf
KobkW njhaJ. gLifUJ vGjJ Kj uh gLif tiu
Tr vJnk nrhgiy vW bjjJ.

j L njo Ciu mya rka ghF nk fLkhdkha iy

Lby milnahL j L wJ. if gaDkh ntiy brJ
bfhoUj Mf eL ng rilnahL if xU nA ngnfhL,
Kf iwa ftiynahL xUt W bfhoUjh. ghj khunyna
mtjh L brhjfhuhUf ntLbkW idjh. mUngh L
thlifF vW t ngr Mujlndna ngfhu tid ntiyahf
kUJ jahf miHJ bfhL eljh.

mbjyh tafhlhf Uj l, beyWj jhf yh ieJ

ljd. giHa thfhf mG bfhoUj tunghuf kL
csifas gir Lf bjjd. elj tbayh L fo
bfhoUjhf. d rhiyfis kJ Fa Fayh kz bfho

212
ljJ. zWf bto bttj Rfh ghiwFaY brfY bkL
fyitkh giHa taguf milahs, bjahkyhF ntiyf mj
unjr KGJ eljd.

fo KoJ D Fo tuhj xU L fhgL fjit wJ

thrgo cfhjh ngfhu. go t cfhjh. cfSF L
vg ntQ? vW Mujh.

idFdhY rjh Mdh ntiy Koahk UFnjD ghnw

vwh t.

Kow msjh nty Ko; rbkyh bflF.

mJ cf a. thlif vtsD brhYf?

brhnw. mts thlif vid kh MfSF fLgoahfhJ.

K}W%gh thlif. _thu %gh mth.

buLnk mfjh. mnjhnlna nrJ xQ brhans, mJF

vd mj?

brhjkh xU L ntQnkwJfhf CU uh flid th j il

fonl. eh g Uw LF jgJjh thlif.

ngfhu t oF xU eh tJ uf untr gifia

bfhLJL nghdh. ghJ gh tjJ. mUJ VHh eh t
Fonaw nghF L. mth gzij Kj ehjh bfhLJL
tUjh.

t FLg Fona uL ehf tiu thr foUj thiH

kuf thobfhL rz fo ljd. gjfhu tJ mitfis nH
j GJ ngh vnu UF gs jlh.

ngfhu kf Kj khj thlifF tjh. mt bgaiujh

oF itUjh. thlifia bfhLF nghJ, Rtf rhk lgij,
btUw gh%KF bfhiy thrYFilna xU jhthu fo
jUtjh brhdij mghl PhgfgLJ vwh.

mLj khjK thlif thf mj igand tjh. taJF a

bksdnjhL Rtiu ghJbfhL wh. thlifia th bfhL
bky gow nghdh. gidJ eh fJ xU PhWHik
oafhiy ngfhu tj wh Kf thoUjJ.

t cns miHjh. iy gona cfhuyh vwh.

cnsUJ uL ehfhfisbfhL tJ nghlh. cfhjUJ
mt jiy FnjUjJ. tDF Kj rflkhf mw vryhf
UjJ brhYf vwh.

213
 ngfhu jh. Kf ir vLf nghFfiy tUjJ.
brhdh. nto fLwt if fLwtyh L fLwhndD ehD L fl
MirglJ jgh nghR. nyh nghlJ, ghF Tl fhziy. brhjfhuf,
ntoatfD tirahf fl thnd. filah _Q toF th
Kfhth Konr.

gh mt Vfdnt brhdJjh. nghJ nff tDF ufkh

tjJ. ijagLJtjfhf brhdh. cfSFD brhjkhf xU L
MUy......

ngfhu jiy kWgo ghF FjJ. thFw rgs

KGR toF nghUJ. toFD yhk FLjtf bkhff
tUjkhL tUJ. ngfhu J cfhjh. xU ehgjhu
FLf. j il xf ngny xF vG jnw. uhkJby Uw
eir ir kidfisbayh f VghL goUnf. uhkby
buhftUf khlh. Wf Wfjh thFthf. xUtUrby
ULnt......

t jLkh nghdh. j rgs vgobayh jdF

nghjiybaW vLJ brhdh. mts bga bjhifia theh
bkhjkhf X l D jh ghJTl iybaW J bfhnl
brhdh.

ngfhuUF Kf khaJ. K}W %gh thlif cfSF r.

nrJ bghwo FLJOadh mj gz cfSF bga fha
vJfhtJ cj. xU thu ff kWgo tnw. eyh nahf vW
brhL gowdh.

cns EiHjJ mt, "J vd J TjhUF? vW jh.

isahlh ngbfhnl tU nghJ jhf xU f kho bfhlij
lbfW mt vLJ brhdh. mj ehgjhuij eh FLfiydh
bfhLwtDF il xF LL eik fh gzbrhy nghwhU.

oF zW zW j twhk thjJ j C
xU mZl gfny tDF M. isf MSbfhU miwnyh
xJfhkhfnth cfhJ gofyh. bkhil kho ikjhd kh xo Fojd
il idf j o mLgo fl kh.

mtSF j il LlTlhbjw ituha tJ lJ.

kWeh mt j mkh CUF ngh tjh. mt uhl ~go nyh
nghlh. kJiuUF jif khis tu bryst. mtUF tukh
xU foj vGdh. beUa egf LfSF Kdh o nghJ
wh. L xF tUwJ vwh `gh ua vW mj vd UtU ng
KobtLj bt eljd vyh.

xU thufJ ngfhu tjnghJ igFUJ if bfhshj

214
nehLfis m btbyLjh. gHR JR mGF vyh nrj fyit
nehLf; v Kofnt btF neukhdJ. gu ifbaGJ nghLif
ngfhu if eLaJ. xbthU fyhbaLJ itJ foat xUKiw
il nkyh ghJL eljh.

xU tUJF rjnkiy. ngfhuiu t rF nghbjyh

`tzf nghL bfhtnjhL r. ObuW xU eh Kg M v
ngh bfhoUj nghJ iffho Wdh. D uL khrby xia
ULnt [h. vyh VghL elJoUF vW brhL nghdh.

mW uh btF neu tiu t kidnahL ij g ngdh.

ojJ bga fkhF nghF t gidF lj kid lfis
ghJ tjh.

vF whf cfhUgJ ngh C lj btis ff

ilna mt FLg rjkh kid KTjfhf wh. J itj JL
fhjJ FFk, itfh bt gagL w bjjJ. u ukh
njngh ehiyJ lf FLgf flfh nghl W bfhoUjd. gL
ntofS, gL nriyfS bt buhg DDjd.

mW y Mfl mth bfhLjh. nghJ FoUF

ngfhu o vbjbjyh iynah mbjyh jh flnghF
oUf ntLbkgij Ko brUjh. gh mlh % yhj L
vd nrjJ? vwh mtl. bfhnlh, uLbfhnlh
lw bgatf, FHijfis jho cilfis rgL mfhy neuf
mt ghU ngh tUt mtSF neU rflf mtid ghUjd.
sh nghL nghnj al brhlh. vts brythdhY r
mlh ghU. gh RtUF btis f vW.
ngfhuUF mtsth u[id nghjhbjW kdRF brh
bfhlh. thr ntgfiw itjh. bfhiy g kufiw
itjh. L fo Koif xU MSaufhtJ tsUf ntLbkW
jhfl brhth.
c fhF bryf Jrkh bjjd mt xU mR %gh
Ujhjhf vW nff mrhu g vJF? vW g brhdh.
MufSF FiwJ thUJ thij nH Gtiy. l, %~
vW JJ thijfnyna fzt, kid ng bfhld.
nyh Kj jtiz tjJ. Vfdnt tha flf xU gFia
kLnk milf mJ gaglJ. mLj jtiz nyhid fho vbfnfh ngh
buhfkh gy L eiffis th tjh.
kuJfhf khdhkJiu, jiu gw fYfhf broehL vW
miyJ jh. xbthU ntiy KoY jdF vts wik
UUwbjW idJ bgUikgL bfhlh.

215
 uh f FiwJ nghdJ. Uo btF neufJ oF tJ
FJ, rhL fzF ghJ oa vjid kF vGUfntL.
vbdd ntiyf brantL bkgijbayh ng KoJ L eL
xU eh mt nflh. khogoby _zhtJ go nfhzyhUFnkhD
njhnlUF. mt fdh vyhij kwJL bfhr neukhtJ
l khoah?

x thf fl bfhLjtf J L fl fl bfhLjtf

vW gylUJ U ju brh #hil khilahf vGa fojf tu
Mujd. y mfhiyY, Uo L thr tJ whf.

bulhjtiz, _zhjtiz nyh tjJ L Kotjhiy. C

uh gy CfY tha fl gF gFah r ljJ.mfyfh
itfhaD Mugnyna brhnd; nfljhnd vW vnghnjh xUKiw
brhdij Phgf bfhL tJ Ug Ug mt vr gLdh.

xU eh ngfhu ifig iwa %ghl tJ nrjh. neJ uhjh

gh %gh tJ nrJR, vW brhL vLJ itjh. ngfhu
Kf bga kh kiy. x guij tlUJ bgW
bfhlJ brhdh. mo o Vnjh g il Unlnd ju fl
KGR milrghoiy. f fhgdJ eh D nf tw iyny
iy.thlifia, To itR ahiuahtJ FoitfQ.

t nflh vts TLa?

mgJ %gh

ehnd mj mgij nrJ K}jgJD thlif FLJLnw. eh

xf obyna bjhlJ thlifF Uf nghnw. eh fLw LF thlif
IW %gh. gh mlh %nkhl L ekF fLgoahfhJ.

MW khjfJ xU eh t kJiuUJ CUF tJ

bfhoUjh. Ko cfhUj M gfjhl brhdh.. gJ
tUJF K eh bf tj nghJ jgfbkyh tafhL.
fUtfhLkhf bflJR. CU KndUR vnf ghjhY Lfsh J.

brhbfhnl mj M ghj iria tD ghjh. btF u

kfyh t L wJ.

g
1. xbthUfyh - fijia fUbghUS Rit ijahk RU
vGJf.

2. brhj L fobfhs fl th mygl Ut rJ ciuahLtJ

ngh E fgidUJ xU fLiu tiuf.

3. xbthU fyh - W fij tU fijkhj g wdh brf.

216
 9. k
mf

mW Nugo, khak crt ngh, Hh nfhy oUjJ.

C EiHth nfh vnu bfhlif nghL, thiH kuf

foUjhf. mUJ, uhk xnu nja rhiy ahd ,
uL gffY uhkh L tiu, fgf eL, bjd FUJ, khiy
njhuzf fhny bky ryryJ bfhoUjd. xbthU o
KdhY bga bga nfhyf bgf iftz jJ.

mj C wj djh, yhUJ bgnwhUl - UgnjhU

MLfSF wF - bgw jh jij uhkF mW tUwh.

mtis tuntfjh mj Cny mW mts crhf, k,

bgUik gugu, vyh!

Mdh - 21 MLfSF K - j `djh uhkh Foirny

_whtJ bg FHijahf wFnghJ -

mj Foir jh vjid kahd mik...........

uhkhF Vfdnt uL bg FHijf mtjJ, mt L

juij gFnghL bfhoUjd.

mtSila fzt fUigah, trha T, kiH bgJ, fkhf

iwjh, tU _W myJ ehF khjf, ntshik ntiyf
ilF. cH, ehWghj, el, fisbaL, mWtil vW, kidnahL
RWw uhkfSbfyh elJ ngh ntiyghghf. ilF Tia
bfhL tJ, Foirny nrJ itJ, mtnghJ ilF `bkfhL
ntiyfis ghJ, X ML fhyij miutW fnahL, tndhgha
elJw FLg mJ.....

mj tlhu, bg FHij wJ lh, mj L H Ljh.

nrhf kLky - cikny, mJ H L ML!

fgh, fUfh, be vW VjhtJ bfhLJ, jhkhfns xW To

Rit bfhW ijJLthf... `mghlh! xU bghl, flglhk, fiu
nrJnlh... vw kdiwnthL kail mj uhk.

mgogl H rgt, uhkh ony Vfdnt uL jlit Vgl

UjJ. if fghYkhf R w bgfl bf, mGJ uL
bgFHijfis ij FfUJ L lh.

Mjh!..... bgLfsh! vgoahR j isia eh tsJ

fhghlnw. Mjh! bgj tW JoF. fgh FLf kdRnffny!....
j isia LLf....vW cwdfl f kf fj fj,
uL kffis rhUJ fhgh lh.

217
 nghJ _whtJ bg FHij!

mj uhkJF mofo tJ brY `n[th vDbjhL

Wtd nfhuh{, bgR bfhiy bfhLikia mtnghJ cUfkhf
vLJ brhth. mt ngir Rthuakhf nfghf. Mdh, FHij wj
o, bg R mGif Fujh, mtf beRF ghJ cYFnk
ju, nfhuh ngnr idF voghfhJ.

j jlit uhkhF FHij wjJnk, Foir Kdh tJ

M#uh lh mt.

mtUila bjhL WtdF MLnjhW tJ j br

yhJ ehL jgf rL FHijngW yhjtf.
Mifah X ViH FHijia jJ vLJbfhs Utjhf mtl
bjUjhf.

uhkh FHijia, mj jgfSF jJ bfhLf VghL bra

K tjh nfhuh{. mij nflJ, uhkJ bgfSF, gh Mra.

vd brhf ek isia btisfhuf, jJ vLJwhfsh?

vW Laffis mfygLdh H bryh.
fW wdhny btisfhufSF ofhJD mah
brhYthfns? vW nflh f. mtSila jhjh btisrh, Rju
nghuhl <LgL, MfL u iwF nghtj ah.
manah....! e bghQ flgl TlhJDjh, fgh bfhLJ
rhfonwh. ij btisfhufSF FLJ, mnf mtf mij
fZlgLdh, ahU nfwJ?
mbjyh ntlah?..... J vd J gsf?.. mY bghl
isia ahuhR jJ vLJFthfsh?
ek ony bghwj isia ehk tsfQ. nydh ehnk
bfhD ijlD..... ekF is tsf tF nywJfhf,
btisfhufSF FLfwjh? ... mbjyh ntlh... vW RUjtf
vyh Mnrgiz bjjhf. Mdh bgwtSnfh, j Rit bfhy
kd iy. ffhzhj ukhUjhY, vnfahtJ cnuhnl mtSila
FHij Ujhny nghJ vW idjh mt....
mona uhkh! Cny yhj J tsf vyh clhfhnj..... mw,
bgatf vyh To, cid Ciu nl jtUthf... vW vrif
brjJ xU bgR....
fil, nfhuh Ka bt bgwJ... r - jgfSF,
FHijia jJ bfhLf ,rltkhd eltoiff vyh brJ Kojh
mt. bgwtis ju, C vnyhU kwJnghd mj bgFHijjh,
nghJ gUt bgzhf, bgbwLjtfis ghf yhUJ gwJ
tUwh!

218
 j 21 MLf Nugo vtsnth khlJ!

mlnl! ek tsfgo, ghonahl ngiuna ngFtUfhfns,

btisfhuf! vw alD bgUiklD jf C wj
btisfhah tsUw `djh ia ghf, MtnyhL
fhUjhf, uhk kf.

kJiu khd iya tJ wa r, , djh FLgij,

fh miHJ bfhL, NugoF tjh nfhuh{. mtf CUF
EiHjJ, Fyit xnghLgho, khiyf mJ, uhkh L thrny
Mu vLJ tuntwhf.

djh, bgnwhiu ghjJ, cz bghf, Mjh! mgh! ewhf

Ufsh? vW Fu fk, fooJ ffyfaij fL uhkJ
kfSF uL Mra - wj clnd btisfhu ehLF nghd bg,
vgo ts Rjkhf j ngRwh? mt kLky- r, jgaU,
j ngRwhfns? kfSila Kf fj aig J bfhlh
nfhuh{.

lhl ..nghD xU ghah buhg fhyJF Kdhny, jehLF

tUjh bjkh? UFwis Uthrfij bkh bgaJ,
cyfFj bgUikia btgLdhnu, ngh? vWnflh nfhuh{.

ght! mj uhkjhfSF, ngh, UFw, Uthrf vgbjyh

bjkh? mtf nkY J W bfhoUjhf.

j fyiw "..ngh - xU j khztD vGj brhdhnu,

mj ngh gugiu tjtf jh j r [h FLg"... vW
mKfgLdh nfhuh{.

"ah.... WtaUnj jiH fW bfhtJ vf FLg gHf....

ahuhtJ jHfis flh, mtfnshL, jnyna ng rnjhgLnth.....
vW Mnkhjh r.

djh FHij gUtUnj, cfis g brhna

tsnjh. nghJ, mt cfisbayh ghf ntL vW Mirglh.
mjfhfjh mtis miHJ bfhL tnjh. cfis ghj mtSF
kLky - vfSF rnjh vW tj Kfbkyh bgh kyu
brhdh .

miwF vW m nrhW toJ, FH, fhff, u[, ghar itJ

gkhdh uhkh. UgnjhU MLfSF wF, j t wj kfSF
czo kjh mj jh.

btisfhu FLg yhUJ tJ mnf jUF br,

bt gu, giffhuf, ngo fhz tJ lhf.

219
 eh wj j ia L jg f kailnw.
MdhY v bgnwh, D tWikny thLtijjh, vdh
jh bfhs Koaiy. j k, vnghJ bgh is vW
MjfgLnw. vW ff kf T mGjh djh.

uhk vnyhUila LfSF brW, ghJ, mtf ml jj

T, f, ghdf, gdHF, gj, nrhsf, gd EFfis kl
th rhlhf btisfhu jgfS kfS.

_W ehf fJ, ber fy tUj ahil bgW wglh

djh. uhkh fUigah f gly fis Kobjf bgw
kfis mD itjhf.

kJiu khd iyaF tjJ, rL nfhuhi# jna

miHJ bfhLngh ngdhf.

l nfhuh{! v kf FLg tWikia ghf vfSF

tUjkh UwJ. ts VikY vj vgh yhk mtf
vfl fhoa mig vfsh kwf KoahJ vW kdtkhf Fu
jGjGf brhdh .

ah.. l nfhuh{! bgw jh jij ts tWik tho

bfhoUgjh, mtfSF eh bghUSj brnth vW vfl xU
thij Tl, djh brhyiy.mJ vf kdij cUlJ. vf
mDk yhkny mtsh mtfSF gz cj braKo. MdhY mt,
mgo vfis braiy. cik j k kfsJ cjk
gig ghJ eh buhg bgUikgLnw. v M a uL M~
Ah bA m mt lhl! vW bgUj bghF Fu brh kjh
jij.

mj jga cz fkG ngR, nfhuh kdF Mj

ig guaJ. jifigUJ nehL fiwfis vLJ, mtl
odh r.

l nfhuh{! j gz - a %gh Rkh uL yr UF

- ij uhkhl bfhLf. mtfSF cjahf UF. vW bfhLJ
L wglh mt.

mtf yhJ ngh nrj nghnj, nfhuhlUJ fojK tJ

nrjJ.

l r! f gz bfhLjDaij uhkhlK
fUigahlKbrhnd. mtf mij th bfhs kWJ lhf.
ehf FHijia bfhLjJ gzfhf my. vfl FHij brt
Ujjh mtfSF jhd bfhLnjh. iyF bfhLfiy vW
brhlhf. gzij Jl UaDUnw. vW vGUjh
nfhuh{.

220
 mij ghjJ ifJ whf btisfhujgf.

X! la - nul nj j nul ! mj knyjh

UFwS UthrfK djh wf Ko ! vW kidl
ber beH brhd ro y f, f bta Jah
gsgsjJ.

g
1. k - Wfij fUbghUS Rit Fwhk RU tiuf.

2. fijid `djh TWtjhf kh vGJf.

3. k - fij khjfS E kdft khj xUt FJ thf vGJf.

221
 10. gFg
j.eh. nrdhg

eh bridYs bunt M xU Fkhjh. khj KgJ %gh

rgs v FLgij (kid xU, xiwiu taR FHij, j L
tfis) nghJ tnj. vdF gJ taJ MtjFshfnt v jfgdh
wJ lh. bridUJ ehgJ ik uYs xU uhk - mJjh
ehf wj C - vfSF bfhr y L thr cL. jfgdh
UjtiuY mtnu brhj g itJ tjjhY mYs kif fil
x fzbfG tjjhY vfSF nrhW gr yhUjJ.

mt nghdJ vf FLg fZl jir MjJ. ntW t yhjjh

L thriy ju yyfis W glz brW vfis gof itJ
vgoahtJ iHfyh vW vf jhah mtiw f uajdglh.
Jjh rkabkW vf gfhfshd xWl bgagh isf -
mtfSF C brthF mf UjJ. mtiw ahU thfbthlhk
brJ lnt, fil Fiwj iyF mtfSnf W L glz tJ
Fojd elj ntoajhW.

vdF mbghGJ ikd fiyahjyh bfhr gz oJ

bfhL mjF to bfhLJ tUtjhf clgld. ifF tj %ghia
glzYs jht gJ xUt _ykhf toF bfhLJ mj
tUkhdij bfhL FLgij el tjh vf jhah. vf
gfhflUJ to gz thFtbjwh nyrhd fhaky. vdF
gbdL tajhdJ mj bjhiy xjJ. uL khj LKiw nghJ
kL CUF tJ vf o tngh. vid v.v.v.. tiu f
ukgL gof itjh v jhah. nkY gof ntLbkW Mir UjJ.
Mdh vd brtJ?

mjF, K brhd jht cwd gh ng unt

M 23 %ghF Fkhjhthf mknj. ntiy mkj tU vdF
thf elnjaJ. mnj tU v jhah wJ nghdh. jdh FLg
ghukidJ v jiyJ GjJ.

vdF mbghGJ taJ gbjhgJjh. LF gJ taJ. vid

ju ntW ahU mtDF iy. {naZluhjh J [k: vw gHbkhnfg
eh mtid f thirl tsJ tnj. v kid mtid Mjul
ftJ tjh. "" vw xU thij mtid ghJ brhdJ ilahJ.
vgoahtJ mtid .V. tiuF gof itJ ey ntiy mk
gfhf fbz KDF tuntLbkW Mirgnl.

brw tU L v.v.v.. gir njdh. clnd mtid

girag f nrnj. mj tU mt rahf goJ tjh.
jtwhk fhny{ brth; U tUth. u vL kF rhLL
gJ ktiu ghlfis goJL mwjh f brth. mj tU

222
gir njlh. ulh tUjh mtDila elij bga
khWj VglJ. kfzF jtwhk oF Uth. bghGJ u
vL myJ xgJ kF Tl tu Mujh. tjJ y eh, cl
vdnth nghy UwJ; g vLfiy vW brh gLf ngh Lth.
tWdh unl th m nghL bfhL iyia L vGJ
Lth.

Kj eh itfisbayh fL bfhshjJ ngh Unj. wF,

go rhfhk UgJ ray vW v, xU eh, V, L, go
ehfJ tUwh? vnw. vDila nejf LF nghL
tUnw vwh mt. "j tU gir #huij! nghbjyh
ghlnk gowiyngh Uwnj? vnw V gofhk! xUj
jahf gogijl ehY ngUl nrJ gogJ nk myth? rnjf VjhtJ
njhdh xUtid bahUt nfL bjJ bfhsyhnkh iynah?
vwh mbjdnth, mgh, goJ `gh gdhahdh cdF jh eyJ
vnw.

xU eh jbrayhf mj fhny{ ru Maiu rf nelJ. mt

vdF bfhr mKfKst. vid ghjJ mt, V rh, cf j
UZzrh sh[&nf tUtJ ilahnj? uhkehj, t D ehiyJ ng
nrJbfhL jtwhk kl nghLwhf vwh.

vdF thnghlJ. ah mj uhkehj? vW nfnl. cf

Cjh [h. cfSF Tl gJjh ngh UwJ vwh. mt brhdJ
thjtnk. vfSila xWl bgagh fil is glzjh
gowhbdW, uhntYs to khzt Ahl Ugjhf
nfgoUnj. Mdh mt girag f gowhbdgJ
vdF bjahJ. rjh. eh ftnw. vW brh mtl il
bgWbfhL neuhf oF tnj.

mW tHfF khwhf L ukhf L UUjh. ukgfhu

MdJ eh jhdkhfnt thijia vLnj.

uhK cndhnlahlh gowh, L? vnw.

Mkh vwh L jhj Fu.

mtndhL buhg gHFwh nghUwJ?

eh xW mtndhL nrUtJ ilahJ; ah cdF brhdhf?

ahuh Ujh vd? mtndhL nrJ fhny#&F `o bfhLJL

C Rdhahdh flha gir `nfh jh mof nghwh.

ynt iy; eh ra `gh gQnt.

mj tU eh vghjgona L gir njwiy. vdF

nfhg ukhjkhf tJ lJ. mtid ghJ, eh brhdij nflhahlh,

223
kilah? mtbdyh Cuh brhij th nghL bfhL ViHfis
Vkh gzfhu Mdt. mnj khjh mtf gzK fiu. mj
UL iga uhKnthL iHahnj iHahnj vW eh vts brh
nffiy. fGij, uhf.... vbwyh Mntr tjt ngh klklbtW
o jnl.

mJtiu vlUJ xU L nfouhj L uJ wh. mt

ffUJ Mwhf bgUwJ. v kdR clnd saJ. `mllh! mkh mgh
yhj iga; v xUjidna eUwh. V itnjh vwhlJ.
MdhY go brjhjh nkyhtJ `Fahf gogh vW njhwnt,
Kfij Knghynt fLikahf itJ bfhL, "xJ ngh! v fK
fhnj! nkyhtJ rahf go. mtndhblyh nruhnj" vnw.

L ffis JilJ bfhL j miwF brwh.

mW Kj mt jtwhk ehyiu kF L tJ nrJ Lth.

u rhLtjF K bfhr ehif tiu gogh. rhlhd kWgo
gJ k tiu gogh. bfhr eh fJ vdnf mt mgo Xahk gogJ
clF bfL vW glJ. mjdh rhafhy flfiunfh bf Mlnth
mDLnt. fhny{ ghlnk gojh bghJ m ryhkilahbjW, bghW
vLj y caju My fij jffis, j giffis th
tnj.

mnghJ mtDF jruhfhf LKiw oUjhf. mW mt

j miw cfhj tz Vnjh xU jfij f Cfkhf goJ
bfhoUjh. eh cns EiHjJ Tl mtDF bjaiy. eh L!
vW TlJ mtDF thnghlJ. jfij X Xukhf itJ
lh. eh mU tJ mjfij vLJ ghnj. mJ ugy ehlfha
th gf fzg Kjah vGa gF g vw j ehlf. eh J
ghjJ vjid eh ghl gowJ? xU khWj ntlhkh? mjdhjh
ij goJ bfhoUnw vW bfR ghtidahf Tdh....

r, r, go, guthiy. ehD mij brhyjh nf tnj. eh

y Z jffS, j giffS, ehtfS th tUnw.
j gof ntoaJ mtajh vW T v miwUJ mtiw vLJ
tnj.

mrka v nejuhd Ruka Ia tjh. mtU vf M

Fkhjhjh. mt Rj fehlf. mj j jffisbayh ghJL,
ehtfnsh? L, bjbayh goJ bfhoUjhnah, j jlit
gir `sh nghl ntoaJjh vwh.

eh mtiu miHJ bfhL v miwF tnj. bfhr neu

rrhu bjhiyfis g ng bfhoUJL wF M rkhrhuij
Mujh. fil k Jiu tUwhdh. nk ekbfyh bfhr
ey fhyjh vW brhL nghdh.

224
 vdF btF ehfshf ilfiy bghGJs Jiu kfh fU.
k tUwhbdW bjjJ, rg jruh gJ ehS th
bfhL onyh CUF nghnah `Ah Mf Ufyh vW v knj.

kWeh F zg nghnl. ey fhy clnd mJ

VWbfhsgL gJ ehfSF LKiw iljJ. MdjJl mW
L tJ nrnj. Wo mUaJ LnthL ngr khoF brnw.
mt ahiu ghnjh nfhgJl "mnl JZlh! Jkhfh! v Foia bfhLj
gh!". vW fJtJ clnd Vnjh "bjhbgW G rjK nfld. vdF
xW aiy. "L" vW TL bfhnl mt miw fjit wf
Kanw.

Mdh mJ cgf jhlgoUjJ. mnj rka miwUJ ahnuh

mtru mtrukhf th gfkhfs kbwhU bkij gofo tahf
nH w brtJ ngh UjJ. vid rkhJ bfhL j gf
gofo tahf thYF brtjF IJ MUFbkW
vQnw. v oYs Rit rhj mbghGJjh L bt
brwjhf bjjJ.

L brhd thijf kk vdF sfnt iy. vJthf

UjhY mt U tjJ nfL bjJ bfhsyh vW v xUthW
kdnjnd. k MW mojJ; VG mojJ; vL, xgJ moJlJ.
mtDfhf eh fhUjJjh r. v ftiy mfjJ. clnd v kd
xU a vz cjJ. xU ntis uhkehjndhL kWgo rfthr gz
MuJlhndh? vjF uhkehj UF AhlYF brW ghngh
vw KoF tnj.
njh nk xU W Filia nghL bfhL wgnl. mnf ngh
rhj uhK LKiwia ff j CUF nghlhbdW bja
tjJ. mjdh ntW ahuhtJ nej oFjh L nghUgh. jF
LF tJoUgh vW v bfhL oF Und. Mdh
L mF tuiybaW bjjJ o Gjtngh jiy ifia
itJ bfhL cfhJ nl. mW u KGJ mt tuntiy;
ehD fiy. vgo f tU? CUFjh nghUf ntL vW
khJ bfhnl.

kWeh oafhiy vGJ g njJ bfhL CUF wgnl.

bruYF ngh mtru mtrukhf obf th bfhL bu Vnd.
to vf nlDF tJ nrU tiu v kd vgo gjaJ vgij mj
Mltnd mth.

toia L waJ nldUYs Yig njh tahfjh

CUF bry ntL. eh njhD EiHJ bfhr u brnw. "M! mJ
vd? L Fu kh Uwnj? mnjh mj Yig ku ahnuh
Ut ril nghLwhfns!

225
 "mnl, JZlh, Jkhfh, v Foia bfLj gh!"

M, M Ljh! uhK bkia oJ mG mt khnk

cfhJ bfhL, "mnl Jkhfh, ij th bfh" vW brh
bfhnl ifYs fah mtid bfhy nghwh!

eh iuf iuf Xnlho tJ, "Inah! L, L! mtid

bfhyhnjlh! mt ekF j Kiwahf ntQklh" vgjF f uhK
fGij bjhL lJ. mnj rka v ff Uo tjd. mgona nH
GJ id Hnj.

id tjJ f J ghnj. vd Mra! uhK L v

Kf #y bjJ bfhoUjd. wF jh a dbjW vdF
xUthW sW.

rkhrhu vdbtW rhj, jruh LKiwfhf CYs yh

nghL ghlrhiy th gf fzg Kjah vGa `gF g vw
ehlf elj nghwhfbsW, m L fjhehafdhf uhK Jkhf
ftdhf nt nghLwhfbsW mnj. vdF mbghGJ vgo
UUF, fns brhYf.

g
1. gFg - Wfijia fUbghUS Rit ijahk RU vGJf.

2. L j jika jdF brj cjfis idJ ktJ nghy xU fij

vGJf.

3. gFg - fijia ehlf to vGJf.

226