The International Caries Detection and

Assessment System

ICDAS in the literature

Journals

1. Cook SL, Martinez-Mier EA, Dean JA, Weddell JA, Sanders BJ,
Eggertsson H, Ofner S, Yoder K. (2008) Dental caries experience and
association to risk indicators of remote rural populations. International
Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 18(4):275-283.
2. Finlayson, T.L., Siefert, K., Ismail, A.I., and Sohn, W. (2008)
Psychosocial factors and early childhood caries among low-income
AfricanAmerican children in Detroit. Community Dentistry and Oral
Epidemiology 35; 439-448. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2006.00352.x.
3. Ismail AI, Sohn W, Tellez M, Willem JM, Betz J, Lepkowski J. (2008)
Risk indicators for dental caries using the International Caries Detection
and Assessment System (ICDAS). Community Dentistry and Oral
Epidemiology 36: 55-68.
4. Ismail AI, Lim S, Sohn W, Willem J. Determinants of early childhood
caries in low-income African-American young children. Pediatric
Dentistry.30(4): 289-296.
5. Jablonski-Momeni A, Stachniss V, Ricketts DN, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner
M, Pieper K.
(2008) Reproducibility and accuracy of the ICDAS-II for detection of
occlusal caries in vitro.
Caries Research 42(2):79-87.
6. Khnisch J, Berger S, Goddon I, Senkel H, Pitts N, Heinrich-Weltzien R.
(2008) Occlusal caries detection in permanent molars according to WHO
basic methods, ICDAS II and laser fluorescence measurements.
Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 36(6): 475-484.
7. Lim S, Sohn, Burt BA, Sandretto AM, Kolker JL, Marshall TA, Ismail AI.
(2008) Cariogenicity of soft drinks, milk, and fruit juice in low income
African-American children: A longitudinal study. Journal of the American
Dental Association 139(7): 959-967; quiz 995.
8. Reisine S, Tellez M, Willem J, Sohn W, Ismail A. (2008) Relationship
between caregivers and childs caries prevalence among disadvantaged
African Americans. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 36:
191-200.
9. Rodrigues JA, Hug I, Diniz MB, Lussi A.(2008) Performance of
Fluorescence Methods, Radiographic Examination and ICDAS II on
Occlusal Surfaces in vitro. Caries Research 42(4):297-304.
10. Varma S, Banerjee A, Bartlett D. (2008) An in vivo investigation of
associations between saliva properties, caries prevalence, and potential
lesion activity in an adult UK population. Journal of Dentistry 36(4):294-
299.
 11. Sohn, W., Ismail, A.I., Amaya, A., and Lepkowski, J. (2008) Determinants
of dental care visits among low-income African-American children.
Journal of the American Dental Association 138:
12. Tellez, M., Sohn, W., Burt, B.A., and Ismail, A.I. (2008) Assessment of
the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and dental caries
severity among low-income African-Americans: A multilevel approach.
Journal of Public Health Dentistry 66(1): 30-36.
13. Ekstrand, K. R., Martignon, S., Ricketts, D. J., and Qvist, V. (2007)
Detection and activity assessment of primary coronal caries lesions: a
methodologic study. Operative Dentistry 32: 225-235.
14. Finlayson, T.L., Siefert, K., Ismail, A.I., and Sohn, W. (2007)
Psychosocial factors and early childhood caries among low-income
AfricanAmerican children in Detroit. Community Dentistry and Oral
Epidemiology 35: 439-448.
15. Ismail, A. I., Sohn, W., Tellez, M., Amaya, A., Sen, A., Hasson, H., and
Pitts, N. B. (2007) The International Caries Detection and Assessment
System (ICDAS): an integrated system for measuring dental caries.
Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 35: 170-178.
16. Kolker, J.L., Burt, B.A., Sandretto, A.M.,Yuan, Y., Sohn, W., Lang, S.W.,
and Ismail, A.I. (2007) Dental caries and dietary patterns in low-income
African- American Children. Pediatric Dentistry 29: 457-464.
17. Sohn, W., Ismail, A., Amaya, A., and Lepkowski, J. (2007) Determinants
of dental care visits among low-income African-American children.
Journal of the American Dental Association 138: 309-318.
18. Stahl, J. and Ferreira Zandon, A.G. (2007) Rationale and protocol for
the treatment of non-cavitated smooth surface carious lesions. General
Dentistry 55(2): 105-111.
19. Burt, B. A., Kolker, J. L., Sandretto, A. M., Yuan, Y., Sohn, W., and
Ismail, A. I. (2006) Dietary patterns related to caries in a low-income
adult population. Caries Research 40: 473-480. DOI:
10.1159/000095645.
20. Ferreira Zandon, A.G. and Zero, D.T. (2006) Diagnostic tools for ealy
caries detection. Journal of the American Dentan Association 137: 1675-
1684.
21. Nriagu J, Burt BA, Linder A, Ismail AI, Sohn W. (2006) Lead levels in
blood and saliva in a low- income population of Detroit, Michigan.
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 209(2): 109-
121.
22. Tellez M, Burt BA, Sohn W, Ismail AI. (2005 )Assessment of the
relationship between neighborhood characteristics and dental caries
severity among low-income African-Americans: a multilevel approach.
Journal of Public Health Dentistry 66(1): 30-36.
23. Pitts, N. (2004) "ICDAS"--an international system for caries detection and
assessment being developed to facilitate caries epidemiology, research
and appropriate clinical management. Community Dental Health 21: 193-
198.

Books / Chapters
 1. Ferreira Zandon, A.G. Identificao de Problemas: ndices de cries
dental e critrios diagnsticos Outros ndices de cries. Chapter 5; pp
139-222 in (Gomes Pinto, V ed.) Sade Bucal Coletiva; 2007.
2. Martignon S, Gonzlez MC, McCormick V, Ruiz JA, Jcome S, Guarnizo
C. Gua de diagnstico, prevencin y tratamiento de la caries dental.
Asociacin Colombiana de Facultades de Odontologa A.C.F.O.,
Secretara Distrital de Salud de Bogot. 1st edicin, Editor: Secretara
Distrital de Salud de Bogot, Bogot, 2007. ISBN: 978-958-8313-06-01.
3. Ismail, A.I., Banting, D., Eggertsson, H., Ekstrand, K., Ferreira-Zandon,
A., Longbottom, C., Pitts, N.B., Reich, E., Ricketts, D., Selwitz, R., Sohn,
S., Topping, G.V.A., and Zero, D. (2005) Rational and evidence for the
International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) pp.
161-221 in: Clinical Models Workshop: Remin-Demin, Precavitation,
Caries. Proceedings of the 7th Indiana Conference. (Stookey, G.K.,
Editor) Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Conference Proceedings

1. Pitts, N. B. (2006) International Caries Detection and Assessment

System ICDAS Proceedings of IADR Symposium: Early Detection of
Dental Caries: 1-15.

Conference Abstracts

2007

Development of a Universal Visual Scoring System (UniViSS)

Relationship between ICDAS II Scores and Histological Lesion Depth on
Proximal Surfaces of Primary and Permanent Teeth
Reproducibility of the International Caries Detection and Assessment
System (ICDAS II) on Occlusal Surfaces
Reproducibility of ICDAS II Criteria for Occlusal and Approximal Caries
Detection in Primary Teeth
A Training and Calibration Study Using ICDAS II in Association with Light
Fluorescence
Experience of Calibration Exercises Conducted in Colombia with the
ICDAS II Visual Criteria for Primary Coronal Caries
Epidemiology of Dental Caries Using ICDAS-II Criteria among
Schoolchildren Living in a Fluorosis Endemic Area
Visual (ICDAS I) and Radiographic Detection of Approximal Caries in a
National Oral Health Survey
Agreement on the Site of Caries Using ICDAS II Criteria and Two Laser
Fluorescence Devices in Primary Teeth
Caries Detection by Optimal Clinical Visual, Radiographic, Laser
Fluorescence and AC-Impedance Spectroscopy Techniques

2006

Tooth-brushing Behaviour of Deprived Schoolchildren Assessed with

Videotaped Sessions at School and a Questionnaire
 Caries Status in Colombian Patients with Cleft Lip-Palate: Visual
Examination using the ICDAS Criteria

2005

Plaque and Caries Status of Colombian Patients with Fixed Orthodontic

Appliances: Visual Examination Using the OPI and ICDAS Criteria
Assessment of the Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of
Institutionalized Children with HIV/AIDS in Uganda
Analysis of QLF and ICDAS Measurements in a Clinical Trial
Clinical Calibration by Five Examiners Using ICDAS on Occlusal
Surfaces, Buccal Pits and Lingual Grooves

Other

Morgan A, Shoaib L, Deery C, Nugent ZJ, Ricketts DN. (2008) The

validity and reproducibility of the DIAGNOdent Pen for caries detection in
primary teeth. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry.
Ricketts DN, Shoaib L, Deery C, Nugent ZJ. (2008) The validity and
reproducibility of the DIAGNOdent Pen for caries detection in primary
teeth. Caries Research 42: 224.
Shoaib L, Deery C, Nugent ZJ, Ricketts DN. (2008) Validity and
reproducibility of a meticulous visual caries detection system (ICDAS II)
in primary teeth. Caries Research 42: 228.
Braga MM, Martignon S, Mendes FM, Ricketts DJ, Ekstrand K. ( 2007)
Evaluation of Two Visual Scoring Systems in Occlusal Caries Detection
and Caries Activity Assessment. Caries Research42(3): 228 (Abstract
No. 126).
Fontana, M., Jackson, R., Eckert, G., Zandon, A., Chin, J., Ando, M.,
Toro, M., Kelly, S., Haider, A., Gregory, R., Stookey, G., and Zero, D.
(2007) Predicting caries risk in underserved toddlers. Journal of Dental
Research 86(Special Issue A) (Abstract 2164).
Kano-Wilson, L.H. and Zandon, A. (2007) Comparing ICDAS,
DIAGNOdent, QLF, and neksDUO in occlusal caries detection. Journal of
Dental Research 86(Special Issue A) (Abstract 2554).
Oliveria, C. and Ferreira Zandon, A. (2007) Correlation between clinical
ICDAS scores and ICDAS scores acquired through the use of Clinical
Digital Images.2007 Summer Research Presentations The IUPUI Ronald
E. McNair Post Baccalaureate Program and The IUPUI 2006 Summer
Undergraduate.
Martignon S, Cuevas S, Reyes JF, Torres CE, Promisiero L, Luna LE,
Corts A, Lara JS, Quintero I, Ekstrand K. Detection of Proximal Caries
on Extracted Permanent Teeth: Relationships between ICDAS-II, Laser
Fluorescence, Radiographs and Histology. Caries Res 2007; 42(3): 227
(Abstract No. 124).
Reisine S. Sohn W, Ajrouch K, Ismail AI. (2007) Biopsychosocial
predictors of incident cavitated lesions among young African-American
children. American Association for Dental Research Annual Meetings,
New Orleans, USA.
 Ricketts DNJ, Shoaib L, Deery C, Nugent ZJ. (2007) The reproducibility
of the DIAGNOdent and DIAGNOdent Pen for occlusal caries detection
in vitro. Caries Research 41: 293.
Zeckel, I.N. and Ferreira Zandon, A., (2007) Comparing ICDAS on
smooth sufaces with other caries detection tools. Journal of Dental
Research 86(Special Issue A) (Abstract 1712).
Burt BA, Kolker JL, Sandretto AM, Yuan Y, Sohn W, Ismail AI. (2006)
Diet and caries in low-income results. Programme for the Annual Session
of IADR, Brisbane, Australia, 28 June 1 July .
Eggertsson, H., Ferreira Zandon, A., Ando, M., Krushinski, C.A., Doi, T.,
Kelly, S.A., Eckert, G.J., Ofner, S., Wefel, J.S., and Stookey, G.K. (2006)
Repeatability of early caries detection methods in a clinical study. Caries
Research (Abstract 122).
Fontana, M., Toro, M., Ferreira Zandon, A., Eggertsson, H., Gregory,
R.L., Jackson, R., Dean, J., Kelly, S., Haider, A., Eckert, G., and Zero, D.
(2006) Caries Predictor in a cohort of mothers and their infants. Journal
of Dental Research 85(Spec Iss A) (Abstract 1558).
Ismail AI, Tellez M, Sohn W. (2006) Severity of dental caries among
African-American children in the city of Detroit. AADR, Orlando, USA.
Ismail AI, Tellez, Sohn W, Willem J. (2006) Dental caries in African-
American adults in Detroit. AADR, Orlando, USA.
Reisine S, Tellez M, Sohn W, Ismail A. (2006) Relationship between
caregivers and childs caries prevalence among disadvantaged African
Americans. American Association for Dental Research Annual Meetings,
Orlando USA.
Sohn W, Tellez M, Sakshaug J, Ismail AI. (2006) Epidemiology of tooth
loss among African-American adults in the city of Detroit. AADR Orlando
USA.
Katz, B.P., Ofner, S., Eckert, G.J., Ferreira Zandon, A.G., Ando, M.,
Eggertsson, H., Mau, M.S., Kelly, S.A., Doi, T., Lukantsova, L., Wefel,
J.S., Stookey, G.K. (2005) Measuring the caries process over time.
Caries Research 39:319 (Abstract 93).
Finlayson T, Siefert K, Ismail AI. (2005) Social cognitive, behavioral, and
psychosocial predictors of young childrens oral health. Academy Health,
Boston USA.
Finlayson T, Siefert K, Ismail AI. (2005) Social cognitive, behavioral, and
psychosocial predictors of young African-American childrens oral health.
American Public Health Association, New Orleans USA.
Ismail AI, Sohn W, Tellez M. (2005) Reliability of the International Caries
Detection and Assessment System. International Association of Dental
Research, Baltimore USA
Kolker J, Burt BA, Sohn W, Ismail AI (2005) Disparities in dental caries:
are sugared beverages a factor? International Association of Dental
Research, Baltimore USA.
Tellez M, Sohn W, Burt BA, Ismail AI. (2005) Multilevel analysis of
neighborhood characteristics and dental caries. International Association
of Dental Research, Baltimore USA.
Nriagu J, Burt BA, Linder A, Ismail AI, Sohn W. (2004) Association of
trace metal levels in saliva and dental caries in a low-income population
 in Detroit, Michigan. American Public Health Association Conference,
Washington USA.
Zandon, A.G., Sutton, B., Bradley, A., Ekstrand, K.R., Eggertsson, H.,
Temkit, H., and Zero, D. (2004) Visual acuity and use of the ICDAS
criteria a pilot study. Caries Research 38:404 (Abstract 140).

Ferreira Zandon, A.G., Eggertsson, H., Eckert, G.J., Mau, M.S., Tran,
J., and Zero, D.T. Using ICDAS and QLF-I for Assessing Caries
Incidence within a Short Interval. Caries Research (Abstract 137)
submitted.
Garca Corretjer, M., Ferreira Zandon, A., Eggertsson, H., Santiago, E.,
Franco, M.,and Eckert, G. Correlation Between Clinical ICDAS Scores
and Digital Images ICDAS Scores. Journal of Dental Research
86(Special Issue B) submitted.
Martignon S, Ekstrand KR, Lemos MI, Lozano MP, Higuera C. Oral
Hygiene Habits, Plaque (OPI Index) and Caries (ICDAS II Criteria) in
Young Patients Receiving Orthodontic Treatment. submitted, December
2007.
Topping G.V. Oral epidemiology in general dental practice. 4th Meeting
of the Pan European Federation (IADR), London, 10th - 12th September
2008 submitted.

1. Martignon S, Tellez M. Criterios ICDAS: Nuevas perspectives para el

diagnstico de la caries dental. Dental Main News 2007; 3:14-19.
2. D McCann. Taking the fight to caries. Innovative visual and high-tech
detection tools target early caries. Dental Practice Report. March 2006:
29-38.
3. Rey MA, Salas E, Martignon S. Caries dental y asociacin a factores de
riesgo en la poblacin escolar de Moniquir, Boyac. Revista Cientfica -
Facultad de Odontologa Universidad El Bosque 2003; 9(2): 28-34.

For further information please contact:

Dr. Gail Topping - ICDAS Co-ordinator

http://www.icdas.org/journal.htm