The Armed Forces of the Philippines Modernization Act

RJ, ikaw na bahala magconnect ng national defense act of1935 sa national security policy 2011-
2016 then paano naglead sa AFP para maconnect before ang part sa baba :)

RJ, dapat sa process ng pagsusulat mo dun sa part sa national defense, mapakita mo yung
transition para sa creation ng afp modernization act galing sa commonwealth in a way na base
sa document walang specific section sa afp modernization act na nag sstate ng direct basis for
its creation in the national defense act of 1935. pero yung national defense act of 1935 nag
lead siya sa establishment ng armed forces of the philippines as the renamed phil army na may
traditional role of building a defense system that must be updated to address current realities
and demands related sa national defense.

Statute

Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Mordernization Act of 1995

A decade ago, the need to modernize our armed forces was heightened due to the withdrawal
of the military bases in the Philippines found in Subic and Clark Pampanga. This was the product
of the senate bill wherein The military withdrawal from the Philippines resulted from the
September 1991 rejection by the Philippine Senate, under the administration of President
Corazon Aquino, of a base treaty which would have renewed the military bases agreement for
another ten years, in exchange for more than $2 billion in aid. (Bayneto, 2011).The flight of
the American Forces led to the realization of our government that the external security and
military equipment being provided are inadequate and unable to address the current needs of
our country in terms of national defense. Moreover, based on an in-depth research done by the
National Defense College of the Philippines (2013) The volatile security situations in
insurgency-affected provinces in the country, as well as in flashpoint areas in the maritime
region accentuate the need to develop the capabilities of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.

Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Mordernization Act of 2012

The Armed Forces of the Philippines Modernisation Program of 1995 self-terminated after its 15
year duration.

without full accomplishment of its stated aims and objectives that are collectively inclined into
transforming our military into a multi-mission-oriented force that can effectively address
internal and external security threats, as stated in Article 1.1.2 (h) of The Revised Armed Forces
of the Philippines Modernisation Act of 2012. Such development in the Armed Forces of the
Philippines (AFP) was highlighted in the Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2011-2016 and was
regarded as a vital component of the Security Sector Reform (SSR). Mentioned in Chapter 9 of
the Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2011-2016, As the challenges to national security
become more complex, effective strategies that would ensure the attainment of peace, public
order and safety through the cessation of armed conflict and prevention of crimes shall be
continuously identified and pursued while communities are empowered and transformed into
areas of growth and productivity.

Problem Identification

The Armed Forces of the Philippines Modernisation Program of 1995 was unable to address the
external and internal threats due to problems in budgetary allocation and the lack of funds.
RA.7898 was amended through RA 10349; this was approved by congress and signed into law in
December 2012 by President Benigno Aquino III. The AFP modernisation was renewed for
another 15 years, and this provided an allocation of 75 billion pesos for the first 5 years. To
recall, RA. 7898 in 1995 had provided for 50 billion pesos for the first 5 years of implementation.
Both of the laws mentioned exemplifies how the budgetary allocations were treated separately
from the regular appropriations for the Department of National Defense (DND) and the AFP.

Agenda Setting

The legislators were expectant of the changes that might occur in the following years, which would require
higher budget allocations in the process of modernizing the AFP. Hence, the increase of the initial budget
from 50 billion pesos to 75 billion pesos. In addition, they do not only intend to address the issues
regarding the lack of funds, but also the modernization of the Armed Forces of the Philippines as a whole
because it is a significant aspect in the promotion of security in both the local and national level. As a
group, we consider necessary that the general objectives of the law be stated for the elaboration the said
claim.The revised AFP Modernisation Act (2012) shall have the following objectives:(a) To develop the
capability of the AFP to uphold the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic and to secure the
national territory from all forms of intrusion and encroachment; (b) To develop its capability to assist
civilian agencies in the preservation of the national patrimony, including the countrys living and non living
marine, submarine, mineral, forrest, and other natural resources located within its territory and its
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ); (c), the revised AFP modernization program shall enhance its capability
to fulfil its mandate to protect the Filipino people not only from armed threats but from the ill effects of
life-threatening and destructive consequences of natural and man made disasters and calamities,
including typhoons, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, major accidents in far flung or inaccessible terrain
or at sea and from all forms of ecological damage; (d) To improve its capability to assist other agencies in
the enforcement of domestic and foreign policies as well as international covenants against piracy, white
slavery, smuggling, drug trafficking, high jacking of aircraft, and sea craft and the transport of toxic and
other ecologically harmful substances taking place in or through Philippine territory; (e) To enhance its
capability in the conduct of Internal Security Operations (ISO), particularly in the suppression of insurgency
and other serious threats to national security; (f) To enhance its capability to fulfil the countrys
international commitments; (g) To develop its capability to support national development; and (h) To
develop and transform the AFP into a multi-mission oriented force capable of efficiency addressing
internal and external security threats.

Policy Formulation

To facilitate the attainment of the aforementioned objectives, five components of the AFP modernization
are identified in the act. Pursuant to RA. 10349, the revised AFP Modernization Program shall have the
following components: (a) Force Restructuring and Organizational Development; (b) Capability, Materiel,
and Technology Development; (c) Bases/ Support System Development; (d) Human Resource
Development; (e) Doctrines Development. (Revised Armed Forces of the Philippines Modernization Act:
Article 1.1.3, 2012)

The first component in the Revised AFP Modernization Act of 2012, the Force Restructuring Organizational
Development (FROD) shall develop is aimed to transform the AFP into a more efficient, responsive and
modern force. In addition, the AFP would be more capable in engaging to conventional and or
unconventional warfare, disaster and relief operations to play a part in the development of the economy
and other military roles which are far from their standard obligations. Similarly, this component combines
the reserved force and the associated reserved units into the overall forced structure of the AFP so that
the latter would be more reactive. The second component is the Human Resource Development (HDR)
which is designed not only to train and hone the professional skills of the military, but also to fortify their
nationalist spirit and consciousness. In relation to the Security Sector Reform (SSR) this component makes
certain that the military would honour and acknowledge human rights while they perform their duties.
Third is the Doctrines Development component (DD). This component reviews, identifies, develops,
validates and institutionalizes the doctrinal requirements of other component projects. The Capability,
Materiel and Technology Development (CMTD) which necessitates the development and employment of
air, naval, ground defense and general headquarters. Additionally, the development of the military
capability is controlled by a rationalized Defense System of Management (DSOM), and economic
considerations of efficiency and maximum benefit. Lastly, the Bases Support Systems Development
component (BSSD) tackles the development of lasting bases for land air and naval forces; moreover, it
also covers the establishment of coast watch and air defence radar systems.

Policy Legitimation

The legitimation of The Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) Modernization Act of 2012 was supported
by the Philippine Development Plan (PDP) of 2011-2016. The PDP 2011-2016 encompasses the needs for
security as important indicators of growth and development in our country. Their specific plans of action
of is first geared towards intermediate outcomes such as the negotiated political settlement of all armed
conflicts, internal stability promoted and sustained, full compatibility to uphold the sovereignty and
territorial integrity of the state assured, highest standard of capability and preparedness against natural
calamities and disasters addressed, lastly, security sector reformed and modernised. From the small scale
outcomes, which is expected to result in to two (2) subsection outcomes, namely: (1) permanent and
peaceful closure of all armed conflicts and, (2) a safer and more secured environment conducive for
national development. These two would then lead to the sector outcome which is the achievement of a
stable national security environment (Chapter 9: Peace and Security PDP 2011-2016, 2013).

RJ!!!!!!!!! Pa add young possible relationship sa national security policy 2011-2016 na sinasabi
ni sir dun sa legitimation ng AFP kasi konti lang nalagay naming yung sa PDP lang

Policy Implementation

Observably, the implementation of the law has been continually impeded by the lack of funds which leads
to the insufficient budget allocation in order to successfully modernize our military forces wether naval,
arial or terrestrial. To support our claim; From 2009-2011, the budget of the Philippines in terms of
defense was below 5 billion dollars compared to the budget of China, Japan, and South Korea. In 2009,
Japan had a budget of over 50 billion dollars, next to the Peoples Republic of Chinas (PRC) defense budget
of over 80 billion dollars, as shown in the graph below provided by the National Defense College of the
Philippines (2013).

In 2011, no significant change was seen in the Philippine defense budget. The PRC maintained the highest
defense budget in Southeast Asia of over 90 billion dollars. Japans defense budget was over 50 billion
dollars, followed by South Korea and Taiwan. Taiwan, which had a defense budget of over 10 billion dollars
in 2011. The unavailability of funds slowed down the modernization process despite the continued efforts
by the DND and AFP, resulting in stalled projects. This made a significant difference in the overall
implementation of the AFP Modernisation Act of 1995.

Policy Evaluation

Based on the available sources which the group was able to access such as news articles, policy actors in
the forms of media and some conducted researches and special studies related to the stated laws, we
came up with an observation that the AFP Modernization Act both of 1995 and 2012 focused too much
on the CMTD component. Furthermore, the law failed to address the issues covered by Bases and
Facilities, Human Resources, Force Structure, and Doctrine Development. The Department of National
Defense and the Armed Forces of the Philippines failed to realize that these components are equally
important pillars of modernization and reform of the security institution. A concrete example is the lack
of allocation of funds in the Doctrine Development from 2005-2007 (AFP Annual Accomplishment Report,
2007).

Rj, sa evaluation part di talaga namin ilalagay pero mej naglagay na kami kaso general lang :( sorry :( Siguro
pwede ka magdwell as kung kung ilan yung napapatupad sa lahat ng projects like kunwari 25/50 ganun
tas include ka nalang nung names nung programs if meron? :( di talaga kami sure

Add ka nalang sa feel mo na kulang or if may mali sabihin mo nalang or baguhin ok lang :) Pero so far
chineck naman namin siya :) THANK YOU hehe

http://www.neda.gov.ph/?p=1128
http://www.neda.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/CHAPTER-9.pdf
Source: PDP 2011-2016 http://www.neda.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/pdprm2011-2016.pdf