Design of Concrete Encased Composite Column

Materials

Input data of concrete encased composite columns

Design Check of concrete encased composite columns
Table of I-section

Restrictions
a) columns doubly symmetrical & uniform cross section
b) steel contribution ratio 0.2 0.9
c) non-dimensional slenderness 2
d) 0.3% As/Ac 6%
e) minimum & maximum cover are restricted
minimum cover 40mm
maximum cover cz = 0.3h & cy = 0.4b

f) concrete filled sections can be fabricated without any reinforcement however concrete encas
g) ratio of depth to width, 0.2 h/b 5
 Design of Concrete Filled Rectangular tubes

Materials
Input data of concrete filled rectangular tubes
design check of concrete filled rectangular tubes
Table of rectangular hollow sections

Restrictions on Simplified Design Method

ment however concrete encased steel secions minimum A s/Ac = 0.3%

Design of Concrete Filled Circular tubes

Materials
Input data of concrete filled circular tubes
design check of concrete filled circular tubes
 Return to Content

Table 3.1 Strength and deformation characteristics for concrete (EN1992-1-1)

fck (MPa) 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
fck,cube (MPa) 25 30 37 45 50 55 60
fcm (MPa) 28 33 38 43 48 53 58

fctm (MPa) 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.1

fctk,0.05 (MPa) 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.9

fctk,0.95 (MPa) 2.9 3.3 3.8 4.2 4.6 4.9 5.3
Ecm (GPa) 30.0 31.5 32.8 34.1 35.2 36.3 37.3
ec1 () 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.25 2.3 2.4 2.46
ecu1 () 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
ec2 () 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
ecu2 () 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5
n 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
ec3 () 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75
ecu3 () 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Nominal values of yield strength fy

strength fu for hot rolled structural stee
11 Standard Nominal thickness of the element t [mm]
and
steel grade fy [N/mm2] fu [N/mm2]
1 S235 16 t 16 mm 235 360
2 S235 40 16< t 40 225 360
3 S235 63 S235 40< t 63 215 360
4 S235 80 63< t 80 215 360
5 S235 100 80< t 100 215 360
6 S275 16 t 16 mm 275 430
7 S275 40 16< t 40 265 430
8 S275 63 S275 40< t 63 255 410
9 S275 80 63< t 80 245 410
 S275

10 S275 100 80< t 100 235 410

11 S355 16 t 16 mm 355 510
12 S355 40 16< t 40 345 510
13 S3555 63 S355 40< t 63 335 470
14 S355 80 63< t 80 325 470
15 S355 100 80< t 100 315 470
ncrete (EN1992-1-1)

55 60 2 25
67 75
63 68 fck + 8 1 C20 C20/25
if fck <=C50/60, 0.3*f 2/3
if fck >
4.2 4.4 ck
C50/60, 2.12*ln(1+fcm/10) 2 C25 C25/30
3.0 3.05 0.7 fctm 3 C30 C30/37
5.5 5.7 1.3 fctm 4 C35 C35/45
38.2 39.1 22 * (fcm/10) 0.3
5 C40 C40/50
2.5 2.6 0.7 * fcm0.31 < 2.8 6 C45 C45/55
3.2 3.0 for fck >= 50, 2.8 + 27[(98-fcm)/100] 4
7 C50 C50/60
2.2 2.3 for fck >= 50, 2 + 0.085[(fck - 50) 0.53
8 C55 C55/67
3.1 2.9 for fck >= 50, 2.6 + 35[(90-fck)/100]4 9 C60 C60/75
1.8 1.6 for fck >= 50, 1.4 + 23.4[(90-fck)/100] 4

1.8 1.9 for fck >= 50, 1.75 + 0.55[(fck - 50)/40]

3.1 2.9 for fck >= 50, 2.6 + 35[(90-fck)/100]4

trength fy and ultimate tensile

rolled structural steel
m]
 Return to Content

Input Data of Fully Encased Composite Columns

Type Data Check
Composite column specifications
Column length L= 4.00 m Input data
Effective length y-y Ley= 4.00 m
Effective length z-z Lez= 4.00 m
Column Type Fully Encased

Design value of actions

Design axial force Nsd= 2807.00 kN Input data
Design bending moment
about y-y (major) axis My,top,sd= 42.20 kNm Input data
My,bot,sd= 0.00 kNm Input data
about z-z (minor) axis Mz,top,sd= 0.00 kNm Input data
Mz,bot,sd= 0.00 kNm Input data

Material properties
Structural steel Err:509 Choose the steel grade
Characteristic yield strength fy = 355 N/mm2
Modulus elastic of steel Ea= 2.10E+05 N/mm2
Partial safety factor a= 1.00
Design strength fyd = 355 N/mm2

Concrete
Concrete grade 25 Choose the concrete grade
Type of concrete Normal Weight Concrete
Characteristic value of compressive strength fck= 25.0 N/mm2
Partial safety factor c= 1.50
Design value of compressive strength fcd= 16.7 N/mm2
Secant modulus of elasticity Ecm= 3.1E+04 N/mm2
Reinforcement
Characteristic yield strength fyk = 500.25 N/mm2 Input data
Partial safety factor c= 1.15
Design yield strength fsd= 435.00 N/mm2
Design value of modulus of elasticity Es= 2.0E+05 N/mm2

Connectors
Diameter d = 19 mm Input data
Overall nominal height hsc = 100 mm Input data
Ultimate tensile strength fu = 450 N/mm2 Input data

Cross section geometry and section propertises of the selected section

Structural Steel Choose the steel

Mass m= 167.1 kg/m
Depth h= 289.1 mm
Width b= 265.2 mm b/6<Cz Ok
Web thickness tw= 19.2 mm
Flange thickness tf= 31.7 mm
Root radius r= 12.70 mm
Section area Aa= 212.9 cm2
Second moment of area /yy Iay= 30000 cm4
Elastic modulus /yy Wel,y= 2075 cm3
Plastic modulus /yy Wpl,y= 2424 cm3
Radius of gyration iy= 11.87 cm
Second moment of area /zz Iaz= 9870 cm4
Elastic modulus /zz Wel,z= 744.3 cm3
Plastic modulus /zz Wpl,z= 1137 cm3
Radius of gyration iz= 6.81 cm
 Torsional moment of area It= 633.8 cm4

Concrete
Concrete width bc= 450 mm Input data
Concrete depth hc= 450 mm Input data
Area of concrete Ac= 1804.0616 cm2
Second moment of area about major axis: y-y (of columns) Icy= 309114.31 cm4
Second moment of area about minor axis: z-z (of columns) Icz= 329244.31 cm4
Cover cy= 92.4 mm 40<Cy<0.4b Ok
Cover cz= 80.5 mm 40<Cz<0.3h Ok

Reinforcement
The number of longitudinal bars n= 4 Input data
Bar diameter d= 16 mm Input data
Total section area As= 8.04 cm2 0.3%<As/Ac<6% Ok
Concrete cover 37 mm Input data
Second moment of total area about major axis: y-y (of columns) Isy= 2604.44 cm 4

Second moment of total area about minor axis: z-z (of columns) Isz= 2604.44 cm4
Reinforcement ratio As/Ac= 0.45% 0.3%<As/Ac<6% Ok
 Reference

steel with other size also can be used

 Return to Content

Design Check

Data
Plastic resistance of the composite cross section to compression:

N pl .Rd Aa f yd 0.85 Ac f cd As f sd Npl,Rd= 10463.37 kN

Steel contribution factor = 0.72

Efective elastic flexural stiffness:
About the major axis (y-y):
Ke= 0.6
( EI )ey Ea I ay K e Ecd I cy Es I sy
(EI)ey= 1.27E+05 kNm2

About the minor axis (z-z):

Ke= 0.6
( EI )ez Ea I az Ke Ecd I cz Es I sz
(EI)ez= 8.81E+04 kNm2
Elastic buckling load:
About the major axis (y-y):
2 ( EI )ey
N cry Ncry= 7.80E+04 kN
L2ey
About the minor axis (z-z):

2 ( EI ) ez
N crz Ncrz= 5.43E+04 kN
L2ez
Plastic resistance to compression:

N pl.Rk Aa f y 0.85 Ac f ck As f sk Npl,Rk= 11793.70 kN

Non-dimesional slenderness ration:

About the major axis (y-y):

N pl , Rk
y y= 0.39
N cry
About the minor axis (z-z):

N pl , Rk
z z= 0.47
N crz

Evaluate the resistance of the composite column under axial compression:

Reduction factor:
strut curve b for major axis and strut curve c for minor axis
y-y axis
1 ay= 0.34

2 fy= 0.61
2
y= 0.93
0.5 1 a ( 0.2)
2

z-z axis az= 0.49

fz= 0.67
z= 0.86
Where: a is the imperfection parameter which allows for different levels of imperfections in the columns

N Sd
0.31
min N pl .Rd

Checking long term loading:

Efective elastic flexural stiffness:

Ec,eff Ecm / (1 ( N G,Ed / N Ed )t ) Ec,eff= 1.12E+04 N/mm2

t= 3
 assuming permanent load is 60% of design load NG,Ed= 1684.2 kN
About the major axis (y-y):
Ke= 0.6
( EI )ey Ea I ay K e Ecd I cy Es I sy
(EI)ey= 8.91E+04 kNm2

About the minor axis (z-z):

Ke= 0.6
( EI )ez Ea I az Ke Ecd I cz Es I sz
(EI)ez= 4.81E+04 kNm2
Elastic buckling load:
About the major axis (y-y):
2 ( EI )ey
N cry Ncry= 5.49E+04 kN
L2ey
About the minor axis (z-z):

2 ( EI ) ez Ncrz= 2.97E+04
N crz kN
L2ez
Plastic resistance to compression:

N pl.Rk Aa f y 0.85 Ac f ck As f sk Npl,Rk= 11793.70 kN

Non-dimesional slenderness ration:

About the major axis (y-y):

N pl , Rk
y y= 0.46
N cry
About the minor axis (z-z):

N pl , Rk
z z= 0.63
N crz

Evaluate the resistance of the composite column under axial compression:

Reduction factor:
strut curve b for major axis and strut curve c for minor axis
y-y axis
ay= 0.34
1
fy= 0.65
2
2
y= 0.90
0.5 1 a ( 0.2)
2

z-z axis az= 0.49
fz= 0.80
z= 0.77
Where: a is the imperfection parameter which allows for different levels of imperfections in the columns

N Sd 0.35

min N pl .Rd

Checking Resistance of composite section to under combined compression and bending

M pl .Rd M max,Rd f ydW pan 0.5a c f cdW pcn

M max,Rd f yd Wpa 0.5a c f cd Wpc f sd Wps

For fully encased H section: c= 0.85

Major axis bending (y-y):

Wps: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement

n
W ps Asi ei Wps= 144.69 cm3
1

Wpsn: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement within the region of 2h n from the middle line
n
W psn As n ,i ei Wpsn= 0 cm3
1

Neutral axis position:

Case a Neutral axis in the web hn [h/2-tf]

hn = 64.91 mm
 Case b Neutral axis in the flange [h/2-t f] hn h/2 hn = 64.91 mm
Case c Neutral axis outside the steel section h/2 hn hc/2
h/2-tf = 112.85 mm
h/2 = 144.55 mm
hc/2 = 225.00 mm

Wpc: Plastic section modulus for concrete:

bc hc2 Wpc= 20212.56

Wpc W pa Wps cm3
4
Wpan: Plastic section modulus of steel within the region of 2h n from the middle line:
Case a : tw hn2
Case b : bhn2 - [(b-tw)(h-2tf)2/4 Wpan= 80.89 cm3
Case c : Wpa
Wpcn: Plastic section modulus of concrete within the region of 2h n from the middle line:

Wpcn (bc tw )hn2 Wpcn= 1815.08 cm3

The bending resistance

Mmax,Rd= 1066.63 kNm
Mpl,Rd= 1025.06 kNm
The resistance force

N pm,Rd a c Ac fcd Npm,Rd= 2555.75 kN

Interaction Diagram:
Major axis bending (y-y)

Point
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=0 M A= 0 kNm
A
Compression force N (kN) N=Npl,Rd NA= 10463.37 kN
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MB= 1025.06 kNm
B
Compression force N (kN) N=0 NB = 0 kN
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MC= 1025.06 kNm
C
Compression force N (kN) N=Npm,Rd NC= 2555.75 kN
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpm,Rd MD= 1066.63 kNm
D
Compression force N (kN) N=0.5Npm,Rd ND= 1277.88 kN

Interaction Curve
12000.00 A M N
A 0 10463.37
N (kN)

10000.00 C 1025.06 2555.75

D 1066.63 1277.88
8000.00 B 1025.06 0

6000.00
C
4000.00

2000.00 D

0.00
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
B
M (kNm)

Minor axis bending (z-z):

Wps: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement
n
Wps Asi ei Wps= 144.69 cm3
1
Wpsn: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement within the region of 2h n from the middle line
 n
W psn As n ,i ei Wpsn= 0 cm3
1

Neutral axis position:

Case a Neutral axis in the web hn tw/2

Case b Neutral axis in the flange t w/2 hn b/2 hn= 6.16 mm

Case c Neutral axis outside the steel section b/2 hn bc/2

tw/2 = 9.60 mm
b/2 = 132.60 mm
bc/2 = 225.00 mm

Wpc: Plastic section modulus for concrete:

bc2 hc Wpc= 21499.56

W pc - W ps - W pa cm3
4
Wpan: Plastic section modulus of steel within the region of 2h n from the middle line:
Case a : h hn2
Case b : 2 tf hn2 + [(h-2tf)tw2/4] Wpan= 10.96 cm3
Case c : Wpa
Wpcn: Plastic section modulus of concrete within the region of 2h n from the middle line:

W pcn hc hn2 - W psn - W pan Wpcn= 6.10 cm3

The bending resistance

Mmax,Rd= 618.86 kNm
Mpl,Rd= 614.93 kNm
The resistance force

N pm,Rd a c Ac fcd Npm,Rd= 2555.75 kN

Interaction Diagram:
Minor axis bending (z-z)

Point
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=0 M A= 0 kNm
A
Compression force N (kN) N=Npl,Rd N = 10463.37
A
kN
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MB= 614.93 kNm
B
Compression force N (kN) N=0 NB = 0 kN
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd M = 614.93
C
kNm
C
Compression force N (kN) N=Npm,Rd NC= 2555.75 kN
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpm,Rd M = 618.86
D
kNm
D
Compression force N (kN) N=0.5Npm,Rd ND= 1277.88 kN

interaction curve
M N
12000.00
A
A 0 10463.37
10000.00
C 614.93 2555.75
8000.00

6000.00 D 618.86 C 1277.88

4000.00 B 614.93 0
D
2000.00

B
0.00
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Checking for combined compression and bending:

(EI )eff,IIy Ko (Ea I ay K e,II Ecm Icy Es I sy ) (EI)eff,II,y= 7.70E+04 kNm2

 ( EI )eff,IIz K o ( Ea I az K e,II Ecm I cz Es I sz ) (EI)eff,II,z= 4.00E+04 kNm2

Ke,II= 0.5
Ko= 0.9

2 ( EI )eff ,II ,y Ncr,eff,y= 4.75E+04

N cr , y ,eff kN
L2ey

2 ( EI )eff , II ,z Ncr,eff,z= 2.46E+04

N cr , z ,eff kN
2
Lez

for end moment = 0.66

k1,y= 1.00
k = / (1-Ned / Ncr,eff)
k1,z= 1.00

hence for bending moment from menber imperfection = 1.0

k2,y= 1.00
k = / (1-Ned / Ncr,eff) 1
k2,z= 1.13
e0,y= 0.02 m

e0,z= 0.027 m

M y ,Ed k1,y M Ed ,y k2,y N Ed e0,y My,Ed= 98.34 kNm

dy Mpl,y,Rd= 992.49 kNm

Case a : dy = (-d)(1-n)/(1-pm)(-n) if d pm
dy = 0.97
Case b : dy = 1 - [(1-)(d-n)/(1-pm)(-n)]

My,Ed/dyMpl,y,Rd = 0.10

M= 0.9

M z ,Ed k1,z M Ed ,z k2,z N Ed e0,z Mz,Ed= 84.47 kNm

dz Mpl,z,Rd= 595.39 kNm

Case a : dz = (-d)(1-n)/(1-pm)(-n) if d pm
dz = 0.97
Case b : dz = 1 - [(1-)(d-n)/(1-pm)(-n)]

Mz,Ed/dzMpl,z,Rd = 0.14

M= 0.9

M y,Ed M z, Ed
1.0 0.24
dy M pl,y,Rd dz M pl,z, Rd
imperfection only considered in plane in which failure
Transverse shear
major axis y-y
The vertical shear is

Vy,Ed =
M y,top -M y,bot Vy,Ed= 10.55 kN
L
The design shear resistance is

Vpl,a,Rd,y = Av,y f yd / 3 Vpl,a,Rd,y= 1137.7 kN

Minor axis z-z

Vz,Ed =
M z,top -M z,bot Vz,Ed= 0 kN
L

Vpl,a,Rd,z = Av,z f yd / 3 Vpl,a,Rd,z= 3446.1 kN

Longitudinal shear
longitudinal shear force is

N c,Ed =N Ed 1-d NEd,c= 779 kN

longitudinal shear stress
t Ed =N c,Ed /pa lv t Ed = 0.54 N/mm2
pa= 1600.6 mm
perimeter of steel section
load introduction length lv= 900 mm
design shear strength t Rd 0.54 N/mm2

if t Ed t Rd
PRd1 = 0.29a d 2 f ck Ecm / v PRd1= 74 kN

PRd 2 = 0.8f u ( d 2 / 4) / v PRd2= 82 kN

a 0.2 hsc d 1 for 3 hsc / d 4 hsc/d= 5.3

a 1 for hsc / d 4
= 1
PRd= 74 kN
frictional force PRd/2= 19 kN
number of headed studs
n= 10
 Check Reference (EC4/CE5509)

Eqn 6.30

>0.2 & <0.9 Ok Eqn 6.38

Input data
Eqn 6.40

Input data
Eqn 6.40

Eqn 10 CE5509

Eqn 10 CE5509

all safety factor = 1

< 2 Ok Eqn 14 CE5509

< 2 Ok Eqn 14 CE5509

Input data Table 8 CE5509

Eqn 16 & 17 CE5509
Eqn 16 & 17 CE5509

Input data Table 8 CE5509

Eqn 16 & 17 CE5509
Eqn 16 & 17 CE5509
ns

< 1 OK Eqn 15 CE5509

Eqn 6.41

Input data Figure 3.1

Input data

Input data

Input data

Eqn 10 CE5509

Eqn 10 CE5509

all safety factor = 1

< 2 Ok Eqn 14 CE5509

< 2 Ok Eqn 14 CE5509

Input data
Eqn 16 & 17 CE5509

Input data
Eqn 16 & 17 CE5509

ns

< 1 OK Eqn 15 CE5509

Appendix A CE5509

Input data

Appendix B1 CE5509

Appendix B1 CE5509

Case a
Case a

hn <= h/2-t

Appendix B1 CE5509

Appendix B1 CE5509

Appendix B1 CE5509

Appendix A CE5509
Appendix A CE5509

Figure 5 CE5509
Case a

hn <= tw/2

00

Effective flexure stiffness Clause

6.7.3.4 Eqn 6.42
 Effective flexure stiffness Clause
6.7.3.4 Eqn 6.42

Input data
Input data

not consider second order effect

if Nsd/Ncr >0.1

consider second order effect

Input data

Eqn 6.42

Eqn 6.42

Input data equivalent moment factor

Ok Eqn 6.42
Ok Eqn 6.42

Table 6.5

Ok

Xd>=Xpm Case a Take = 1 & n = 0

as shown in interaction curve

Ok

Ok

Xd>=Xpm Case a Take = 1 & n = 0

as shown in interaction curve

Ok

Ok

nly considered in plane in which failure is expected to occur.

Ok

Ok
there is no well-established method for calculating longitudinal shear stress, usually based on
OK

Eq 6.49 EN1994-1-1
with partial safety factor

Short term

Short term

<2

<2
Long term Ec,eff use instead of Ecd

Long term Ec,eff use instead of Ecd

Case a Case b Case c

 Accfcd = 2555754 Accfcd = 2555754 Accfcd = 2555754
2bccfcd = 12750 (b-tw)(h-2tf)(2fyd-fcd) = 38634198 Aa(2fyd-cfcd) = 14814292
2tw(2fyd-cfcd) = 26624 2bccfcd = 12750 2bccfcd = 12750
hn = 64.90968 mm 2b(2fyd-cfcd) = 369070
hn = 107.8779 mm hn = -961.454

Wpan = 80.89473 cm3

Wpan = -46.5359 cm3 Wpan = 2424 cm3

h/2-tf = 112.85 mm h1 hn <= h1 case a bhn2 = 3086304

h/2 = 144.55 mm h2 h1 < hn < h2 case b b-tw = 246
hc/2 = 225 mm (h-2tf)2 = 50940.49
h3 hn > h2 case c
 Case a
Case b Case c

Accfcd = 2555754 Accfcd = 2555754 Accfcd = 2555754

2hccfcd = 12750 tw(2tf-h)(2fyd-cfcd) = -3015352 Aa(2fyd-cfcd) = 14814292

2h(2fyd-cfcd) = 402330.8 2hccfcd = 12750 2hccfcd = 12750
hn = 6.157244 mm 4tf(2fyd-cfcd) = 88231.67
hn = -4.5513 mm hn = -961.454

Wpan = 10.96026 cm3 Wpan = 22.1138 cm3 Wpan = 2424 cm3

tw/2 = 9.6 mm h1 hn <= h1 case a

b/2 = 132.6 mm h2 h1 < hn < h2 case b
bc/2 = 225 mm h3 hn > h2 case c
 Major Axis

if d pm if d < pm
d = (-d)(1-n)/(1-pm)(-n) d = 1 - [(1-)(d-n)/(1-pm)(-n)]

d = Nsd/Npl,Rd (1-)(d-n)/(1-pm)(-n) = 0.00

n = * (1-r)/4 Take r =1 n = 0

pm = Npm,Rd/Npl,Rd dy =
1.00

dy = 0.97

Minor Axis
if d pm
d = (-d)(1-n)/(1-pm)(-n)
if d < pm
1

2
2
d = 1 - [(1-)(d-n)/(1-pm)(-n)]

0.5 1 a ( 0.2)
2

(1-)(d-n)/(1-pm)(-n) = 0.00

d = Nsd/Npl,Rd

n = * (1-r)/4 Take r =1 n = 0 dz = 1.00

pm = Npm,Rd/Npl,Rd

d = 0.97

For simplification VEd may be assumed to act on the structural steel section alone
ss, usually based on

for completely encased sections the increased value b ct Rd may be used

b c =1+0.02cz 1-cz,min /cz 2.5

cz,min = 40
 Dimensions
Designation

G h b tw tf r
kg/m mm mm mm mm mm
13

1 UC 152 x 152 x 23 23.0 152.4 152.2 5.8 6.8 7.6

2 UC 152 x 152 x 30 30.0 157.6 152.9 6.5 9.4 7.6
3 UC 152 x 152 x 37 37.0 161.8 154.4 8.0 11.5 7.6
4 UC 203 x 203 x 46 46.1 203.2 203.6 7.2 11.0 10.2
5 UC 203 x 203 x 52 52.0 206.2 204.3 7.9 12.5 10.2
6 UC 203 x 203 x 60 60.0 209.6 205.8 9.4 14.2 10.2
7 UC 203 x 203 x 71 71.0 215.8 206.4 10.0 17.3 10.2
8 UC 203 x 203 x 86 86.1 222.2 209.1 12.7 20.5 10.2
9 UC 254 x 254 x 73 73.1 254.1 254.6 8.6 14.2 12.7
10 UC 254 x 254 x 89 88.9 260.3 256.3 10.3 17.3 12.7
11 UC 254 x 254 x 107 107.1 266.7 258.8 12.8 20.5 12.7
12 UC 254 x 254 x 132 132.0 276.3 261.3 15.3 25.3 12.7
13 UC 254 x 254 x 167 167.1 289.1 265.2 19.2 31.7 12.7
14 UC 305 x 305 x 97 96.9 307.9 305.3 9.9 15.4 15.2
15 UC 305 x 305 x 118 117.9 314.5 307.4 12.0 18.7 15.2
16 UC 305 x 305 x 137 136.9 320.5 309.2 13.8 21.7 15.2
17 UC 305 x 305 x 158 158.1 327.1 311.2 15.8 25.0 15.2
18 UC 305 x 305 x 198 198.1 339.9 314.5 19.1 31.4 15.2
19 UC 305 x 305 x 240 240.0 352.5 318.4 23.0 37.7 15.2
20 UC 305 x 305 x 283 282.9 365.3 322.2 26.8 44.1 15.2
21 UC 356 x 368 x 129 129.0 355.6 368.6 10.4 17.5 15.2
22 UC 356 x 368 x 153 152.9 362.0 370.5 12.3 20.7 15.2
23 UC 356 x 368 x 177 177.0 368.2 372.6 14.4 23.8 15.2
24 UC 356 x 368 x 202 201.9 374.6 374.7 16.5 27.0 15.2
25 UC 356 x 406 x 235 235.1 381.0 394.8 18.4 30.2 15.2
26 UC 356 x 406 x 287 287.1 393.6 399.0 22.6 36.5 15.2
27 UC 356 x 406 x 340 339.9 406.4 403.0 26.6 42.9 15.2
28 UC 356 x 406 x 393 393.0 419.0 407.0 30.6 49.2 15.2
29 UC 356 x 406 x 467 467.0 436.6 412.2 35.8 58.0 15.2
30 UC 356 x 406 x 551 551.0 455.6 418.5 42.1 67.5 15.2
31 UC 356 x 406 x 634 633.9 474.6 424.0 47.6 77.0 15.2
32 600x600x50THK 600.0 600.0 50.0 50.0 0
33 700x700x50THK 700.0 700.0 50.0 50.0 0
34 800x800x50THK 800.0 800.0 50.0 50.0 0
35 900x900x50THK 900.0 900.0 50.0 50.0 0
36 1000x1000x50THK 1000.0 1000.0 50.0 50.0 0
37 1100x1100x50THK 1100.0 1100.0 50.0 50.0 0
38 1200x1200x50THK 1200.0 1200.0 50.0 50.0 0
 return to content

Section properties
strong axis y-y weak axis z-z
A Iy Wel,y Wpl,y iy Iz Wel,z Wpl,z iz It
mm2 mm4 mm3 mm3 mm mm4 mm3 mm3 mm mm4
x102 x104 x103 x103 x10 x104 x103 x103 x10 x104

29.25 1250 164.0 182.0 6.54 399.9 52.55 80.16 3.70 4.86
38.26 1748 221.8 247.7 6.76 560.5 73.31 111.6 3.83 10.67
47.11 2210 273.2 308.8 6.85 706.2 91.48 139.6 3.87 19.49
58.73 4568 449.6 497.4 8.82 1548 152.1 230.9 5.13 22.34
66.28 5259 510.1 567.4 8.91 1778 174.0 264.2 5.18 31.97
76.37 6125 584.4 656.1 8.96 2065 200.6 305.3 5.20 47.78
90.43 7618 706.0 798.8 9.18 2537 245.9 373.7 5.30 80.63
109.6 9449 850.5 976.7 9.28 3127 299.1 456.2 5.34 138.3
93.10 11410 897.9 992.1 11.07 3908 307.0 465.4 6.48 57.74
113.3 14270 1096 1224 11.22 4857 379.0 575.3 6.55 102.7
136.4 17510 1313 1484 11.33 5928 458.1 697.0 6.59 173.9
168.1 22530 1631 1869 11.58 7531 576.4 878.4 6.69 321.5
212.9 30000 2075 2424 11.87 9870 744.3 1137 6.81 633.8
123.4 22250 1445 1592 13.42 7308 478.7 726.1 7.69 91.80
150.2 27670 1760 1958 13.57 9059 589.4 895.4 7.77 162.3
174.4 32810 2048 2297 13.72 10700 692.1 1053 7.83 251.1
201.4 38750 2369 2680 13.87 12570 807.8 1230 7.90 381.6
252.4 50900 2995 3440 14.20 16300 1037 1581 8.04 741.2
305.8 64200 3643 4247 14.49 20310 1276 1951 8.15 1287
360.4 78870 4318 5105 14.79 24630 1529 2342 8.27 2062
164.3 40250 2264 2479 15.65 14610 792.8 1199 9.43 152.7
194.8 48590 2684 2965 15.79 17550 947.5 1435 9.49 251.2
225.5 57120 3103 3455 15.91 20530 1102 1671 9.54 383.5
257.2 66260 3538 3972 16.05 23690 1264 1920 9.60 561.4
299.0 79080 4151 4687 16.25 30990 1570 2383 10.20 817.7
365.7 99880 5075 5812 16.53 38680 1939 2949 10.28 1455
433.0 122500 6031 6999 16.82 46850 2325 3544 10.40 2370
 500.6 146600 6998 8222 17.11 55370 2721 4154 10.52 3592
594.9 183000 8383 10000 17.54 67830 3291 5034 10.68 5896
701.9 226900 9962 12080 17.98 82670 3951 6058 10.85 9402
807.5 274800 11580 14240 18.45 98130 4629 7108 11.02 13990
850.0 507100 16903 19625 24.4 180500 6017 9313 14.6
1000.0 830800 23738 27250 28.8 286500 8185 12625 16.9
1150.0 1270000 31740 36125 33.2 427400 10685 16438 19.3
1300.0 1841000 40907 46250 37.6 608300 13519 20750 21.6
1450.0 2562000 51242 57625 42.0 834300 16685 25563 24.0
1600.0 3451000 62742 70250 46.4 1110000 20186 30875 26.3
1750.0 4525000 75410 84125 50.8 1441000 24019 36688 28.7
 Iw
mm6
x109

21.18
30.75
39.84
142.9
166.6
196.9
249.7
317.7
562.0
716.6
897.5
1185
1632
1562
1980
2386
2865
3873
5025
6341
4174
5110
6084
7151
9529
12320
15460
18900
24260
31050
38660
 Input Data of in-filled Com
Type
Composite column specifications
Column length
Effective length y-y
Effective length z-z
Column Type
Design value of actions
Design axial force
Design bending moment
about y-y (major) axis

about z-z (minor) axis

Material properties
Structural steel
Characteristic yield strength
Modulus elastic of steel
Partial safety factor
Design strength

Concrete
Concrete grade
Type of concrete
Characteristic value of compressive strength
Partial safety factor
Design value of compressive strength
Secant modulus of elasticity
Reinforcement
Characteristic yield strength
Partial safety factor
Design yield strength
Design value of modulus of elasticity

Connectors
Diameter
Overall nominal height
 Ultimate tensile strength

Cross section geometry and section propertises of the selected section

Structural Steel
Mass
Depth
Width
Thickness
Root radius
Section area
Second moment of area /yy
Elastic modulus /yy
Plastic modulus /yy
Second moment of area /zz
Elastic modulus /zz
Plastic modulus /zz
check for local buckling
Concrete
Area of concrete
Second moment of area about major axis: y-y (of columns)
Second moment of area about minor axis: z-z (of columns)

Reinforcement
The number of longitudinal bars
Bar diameter
Total section area
Concrete cover

Second moment of total area about major axis: y-y (of columns)
Second moment of total area about minor axis: z-z (of columns)
Reinforcement ratio
 Return to Content

t Data of in-filled Composite Columns RHS

Data Check

L= 4.00 m Input data

Ley= 4.00 m
Lez= 4.00 m
Fully Encased

Nsd= 2000.00 kN Input data

My,top,sd= 66.00 kNm Input data

My,bot,sd= 0.00 kNm Input data
Mz,top,sd= 0.00 kNm Input data
My,bot,sd= 0.00 kNm Input data

Choose the steel grade

fy = 355 N/mm 2

Ea= 2.10E+05 N/mm2;

a= 1.00
fyd = 355 N/mm2

25 Choose the concrete grade

Normal Weight Concrete
fck= 25.0 N/mm2
c= 1.50
fcd= 16.7 N/mm2
Ecm= 3.1E+04 N/mm2

fyk = 500 N/mm2 Input data

c= 1.15
fsd= 434.78 N/mm2
Es= 2.1E+05 N/mm2

d = 19 mm Input data
hsc = 100 mm Input data
 fu = 450 N/mm2 Input data

Choose the steel

m= 45.2 kg/m
h= 300 mm ;
b= 200 mm
t= 6 mm
r= 6.00 mm
Aa= 57.6 cm2
Iay= 7370 cm4
Wel,y= 491 cm3
Wpl,y= 588 cm3
Iaz= 3962 cm4
Wel,z= 396 cm3
Wpl,z= 446 cm3
h/t= 50.0 h/t > 52 sqrt(235/fy) Not Ok

Ac= 541.44 cm2

Icy= 36407.0 cm4
Icz= 15746.3 cm4

n= 4 Input data
d= 20 mm Input data
As= 12.56 cm2 0.3%<As/Ac<6% Ok
50 mm Input data
ey= 40
ez= 90
Isy= 1017.36 cm4
Isz= 200.96 cm4
As/Ac= 2.32% 0.3%<As/Ac<6% Ok
Reference
 D
Plastic resistance of the composite cross section to compression:
As f sd

I
I
) ez
)
A f
Checking long term loading:
, R e y
k
s sk
cr z

Efective elastic flexural stiffness:

Es I sy

Elastic buckling load:

I ) e y

I ) ez

Plastic resistance to compression:

As f sk

Non-dimesional slenderness ration:

 , R k

cr z

Evaluate the resistance of the composite column under axial compression:

Checking Resistance of composite section to under combined compression

ei

W ps
 2
w hn

2
w ) hn

Ac f cd

Interaction Diagram:

Point

D
 ei

ei

Ac f cd

Interaction Diagram:

Point

C
 C

Checking for combined compression and bending:

e ff , I I , y

ef f , I I ,z

) 1.0
) 1.0

hence

N Ed e0 ,y

a M

N Ed e0 ,z

a M

Vertical shear

Longitudinal shear
 Return to Content

Design Check
Data
stance of the composite cross section to compression:
f sd
N pl . Rd Aa f yd Ac f cd As f sd Npl,Rd=

Steel contribution factor =

f
ong term loading:
ez
e
k y
sk

ve elastic flexural stiffness:

Ec,ef Ecm /(1 (NG,Ed /NEd )t
Ec,eff=
Ec,eff Ecm / (1 ( N G,Ed / N Ed ) t )
t=
assuming permanent load is 60% of design load NG,Ed=
About the major axis (y-y):
Ke=
I sy ( EI )ey Ea I ay K e Ecd Icy Es I sy (EI)ey=

About the minor axis (z-z):

Ke=
E(I)ezaKecdzEIs( EI ) E I K E I E I
ez a az e cd cz s sz (EI)ez=
kling load:
About the major axis (y-y):
2 ( EI )ey
e y

N cry Ncry=
L2ey
About the minor axis (z-z):

2 ( EI )ez
ez

N crz Ncrz=
L2ez
stance to compression:
f sk
N pl . Rk Aa f y Ac f ck As f sk Npl,Rk=

onal slenderness ration:

About the major axis (y-y):
 N pl , Rk
y y=
N cry
0.34
About the minor axis (z-z):
k

N pl , Rk
z z=
N crz

e resistance of the composite column under axial compression:

Reduction factor:
strut curve b for major axis and strut curve c for minor axis
y-y axis
1 ay=

2 y=
2
y=
0.5 1 a ( 0.2)
2

z-z axis az=
z=
z=
Where: a is the imperfection parameter which allows for different levels of imperfections in the columns

N Sd

min N pl .Rd

Resistance of composite section to under combined compression

Major axis bending (y-y):

Wps: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement
n
W ps Asi ei Wps=
1

Wpsn: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement within the region of 2h n from the middle line

i
n
W psn As n ,i ei Wpsn=
1

Neutral axis position:

Ac f cd - Asn 2 f sd - f cd hn=
hn
2bf cd 4t 2 f yd - f cd ez=

Wpc: Plastic section modulus for concrete:

W ps

W pc
b - 2t h - 2t 2 - 2 r 3 - r 2 4 - h - t - r - W Wpc=
ps
4 3 2
 Wpan: Plastic section modulus of steel within the region of 2h n from the middle line:

W pan bhn2 - W psn - W pcn

2
n
Wpan=

Wpcn: Plastic section modulus of concrete within the region of 2h n from the middle line:

W pcn b - 2t hn2 - W psn

2
hn
Wpcn=

The bending resistance

M max,Rd f yd Wpa 0.5 f cd W pc f sd Wps Mmax,Rd=

M pl . Rd M max,Rd f ydW pan 0.5 f cdW pcn - f sdW psn Mpl,Rd=

The resistance force

N pm, Rd Ac f cd Npm,Rd=
cd

Diagram:
Major axis bending (y-y)

Bending Moment M (kNm) M=0 MA=

Compression force N (kN) N=Npl,Rd NA=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MB =
Compression force N (kN) N=0 N B=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MC =
Compression force N (kN) N=Npm,Rd N C=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpm,Rd MD=
Compression force N (kN) N=0.5Npm,Rd ND=

Interaction Curve
4000.00 A
3500.00 A
N (kN)

C
3000.00 D
2500.00 B

2000.00
1500.00
C
1000.00
500.00 D
0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
B
 C
1000.00
500.00 D
0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
B
M (kNm)

Minor axis bending (z-z):

Wps: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement
i n
W ps Asi ei Wps=
1

Wpsn: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement within the region of 2h n from the middle line
n
W psn As n ,i ei
i

Wpsn=
1

Neutral axis position:

Ac f cd -Asn 2 f sd -f cd hn=
hn
2hf cd 4t 2 f yd -f cd ey=
Wpc: Plastic section modulus for concrete:

h-2t b-2t
2
2 3 2 b Wpc=
W pc - r -r 4- -t -r -W ps
4 3 2
Wpan: Plastic section modulus of steel within the region of 2h n from the middle line:

Wpan hhn2 -Wpsn -Wpcn Wpan=

Wpcn: Plastic section modulus of concrete within the region of 2h n from the middle line:

Wpcn h-2t hn2 -Wpsn Wpcn=

The bending resistance

Mmax,Rd=
Mpl,Rd=
The resistance force
cd
Npm,Rd=

Diagram:
Minor axis bending (z-z)

Bending Moment M (kNm) M=0 MA=

Compression force N (kN) N=Npl,Rd NA=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MB =
Compression force N (kN) N=0 N B=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MC =
 Compression force N (kN) N=Npm,Rd N C=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpm,Rd MD=
Compression force N (kN) N=0.5Npm,Rd ND=

interaction curve
4000.00
A
3500.00

3000.00
A
2500.00

C
2000.00

1500.00
D

1000.00
B
500.00

0.00
0 50 100 150 200

or combined compression and bending:

( EI )eff,IIy K o ( Ea I ay K e,II Eeff I cy Es I sy ) (EI)eff,II,y=

( EI ) eff,IIz K o ( Ea I az K e,II Eeff I cz Es I sz ) (EI)eff,II,z=

Ke,II=
Ko=

2 ( EI )eff , II ,y
I ,y

N cr , y,eff Ncr,eff,y=
L2ey

2 ( EI )eff , II ,z
I ,z

N cr ,z ,eff Ncr,eff,z=
L2ez
for end moment =
k1,y=
1.0
k b / (1 N Ed / N cr ,eff ) 1.0
1.0
k b / (1 N Ed / N cr ,eff ) 1.0
k1,z=
for bending moment from menber imperfection =
k2,y=
k2,z=
e0,y=
e0,z=

M y , Ed k1,y M Ed ,y k 2,y N Ed e0,y

e
My,Ed=
0 ,y

dy Mpl,y,Rd=

M
My,Ed/dyMpl,y,Rd =

M=

e0 ,z
M z , Ed k1,z M Ed ,z k2,z N Ed e0,z Mz,Ed=

dz Mpl,z,Rd=

M Mz,Ed/dzMpl,z,Rd =
M=

M y,Ed M z, Ed
1.0
dyM pl,y,Rd dz M pl,z,Rd

ar
major axis y-y
The vertical shear is

Vy,Ed =
M y,top -M y,bot Vy,Ed=
L
The design shear resistance is
Vpl,a,Rd,y = Av,y f yd / 3 Vpl,a,Rd,y=

Minor axis z-z

Vz,Ed =
M z,top -M z,bot Vz,Ed=
L
Vpl,a,Rd,z = Av,z f yd / 3 Vpl,a,Rd,z=

l shear
longitudinal shear force is
N c,Ed =N Ed 1-d NEd,c=
 N c,Ed =N Ed 1-d
longitudinal shear stress
t Ed =N c,Ed /pa lv t Ed =
perimeter of steel section pa =
load introduction length lv=
design shear strength t Rd
if t Ed t Rd
PRd1 = 0.29a d 2 f ck Ecm / v PRd1=
PRd 2 = 0.8f u ( d 2 / 4) / v PRd2=
a 0.2 hsc d 1 for 3 hsc / d 4
hsc/d=
a 1 for hsc / d 4 =
PRd=
number of headed studs
n=
Return to Content

Design Check
Data Check

3493.29 kN
0.59 >0.2 & <0.9 Ok

1.20E+04 N/mm2

2.7 Input data

1200 kN Input data

0.6 Input data

2.02E+04 kNm2

0.6 Input data

9.88E+03 kNm2

1.25E+04 kN

6.09E+03 kN

4026.40 kN
 0.57 < 2 Ok

0.81 < 2 Ok

0.34 Input data

0.72
0.85

0.34 Input data

0.94
0.72
of imperfections in the columns

0.80 < 1 Ok

113.04 cm3

line

0 cm3 check

38.72 mm
90 mm > hn, Ok

3780.91 cm3
 17.99 cm3

281.84 cm3

289.40 kNm

280.66 kNm

902.40 kN

0 kNm
3493.29 kN
280.66 kNm
0 kN
280.66 kNm
902.40 kN
289.40 kNm
451.20 kN

M N
0 3493.29
280.66 902.40
289.40 451.20
280.66 0

250 300 350

 D

250 300 350

50.24 cm3

line

0 cm3

33.87 mm
40 mm >hn Ok

2428.86 cm3

13.77 cm3

330.46 cm3

200.41 kNm
192.77 kNm

902.40 kN

0 kNm
3493.29 kN
192.77 kNm
0 kN
192.77 kNm
 902.40 kN
200.41 kNm
451.20 kN

ve

M N

0 3493.29

192.77 902.40

200.41 451.20
C
192.77 0
D

150 200 B 250

1.78E+04 kNm2

8.72E+03 kNm2

0.5 Input data

0.9 Input data

1.10E+04 kN consider second order effect

5.37E+03 kN consider second order effect

0.66 Input data

0.81
1.05
1.0 Input data
1.22 Ok
1.59 Ok
0.013 m
0.013 m

85.87 kNm

161.76 kNm Ok
as shown in interaction curve
0.53

0.9 Ok

42.48 kNm

111.11 kNm Ok
as shown in interaction curve
0.38
0.9 Ok

0.91 Ok

imperfection only considered in plane in which failure is expected to occur.

16.5 kN

723.1 kN Ok

0 kN

477.1 kN Ok

829 kN
 there is no well-established method for calculating longitudinal shear stress, usually based on
t Ed = 2.18 N/mm 2
shear connectors should be provided
952 mm
400 mm
0.40 N/mm2

74 kN
82 kN
5.3
1
74 kN

11
a-2cfAdsn
hn
cdya-2fh

2-afAsdncya
nh
2hafcd
ond order effect

ond order effect

nteraction curve

nteraction curve

only considered in plane in which failure is expected to occur.

ell-established method for calculating longitudinal shear stress, usually based on
ctors should be provided
 return to conten

Size Thick's
Corner Radius Mass /m
Ext'l Int'l
113 H B T ro ri M
mm mm mm mm mm kg/m
hot forme 1 1501004 RHS-h 150 100 4 6 4 15.1
2 1501005 RHS-h 150 100 5 7.5 5 18.6
3 1501006 RHS-h 150 100 6 9 6 22.1
4 1501006.3 RHS-h 150 100 6.3 9.45 6.3 23.1
5 1501008 RHS-h 150 100 8 12 8 28.9
6 15010010 RHS-h 150 100 10 15 10 35.3
7 15010012 RHS-h 150 100 12 18 12 41.4
8 15010012.5 RHS-h 150 100 12.5 18.75 12.5 42.8
9 160804 RHS-h 160 80 4 6 4 14.4
10 160805 RHS-h 160 80 5 7.5 5 17.8
11 160806 RHS-h 160 80 6 9 6 21.2
12 160806.3 RHS-h 160 80 6.3 9.45 6.3 22.2
13 160808 RHS-h 160 80 8 12 8 27.6
14 1608010 RHS-h 160 80 10 15 10 33.7
15 2001005 RHS-h 200 100 5 7.5 5 22.6
16 2001006 RHS-h 200 100 6 9 6 26.8
17 2001006.3 RHS-h 200 100 6.3 9.45 6.3 28.1
18 2001008 RHS-h 200 100 8 12 8 35.1
19 20010010 RHS-h 200 100 10 15 10 43.1
20 20010012 RHS-h 200 100 12 18 12 50.8
21 20010012.5 RHS-h 200 100 12.5 18.75 12.5 52.7
22 2001206 RHS-h 200 120 6 9.45 6.3 28.7
23 2001206.3 RHS-h 200 120 6.3 12 8 29.9
24 2001208 RHS-h 200 120 8 15 10 37.3
25 20012010 RHS-h 200 120 10 18 12 45.9
26 20012012 RHS-h 200 120 12 18.75 12.5 54.5
27 20012012.5 RHS-h 200 120 12.5 24 16 55.7
28 2501505 RHS-h 250 150 5 7.5 5 30.4
29 2501506 RHS-h 250 150 6 9 6 36.2
30 2501506.3 RHS-h 250 150 6.3 9.45 6.3 38
31 2501508 RHS-h 250 150 8 12 8 47.7
32 25015010 RHS-h 250 150 10 15 10 58.8
33 25015012 RHS-h 250 150 12 18 12 69.6
34 25015012.5 RHS-h 250 150 12.5 18.75 12.5 72.3
35 25015016 RHS-h 250 150 16 24 16 90.3
36 3002005 RHS-h 300 200 5 7.5 5 38.3
37 3002006 RHS-h 300 200 6 9 6 45.7
 38 3002006.3 RHS-h 300 200 6.3 9.45 6.3 47.9
39 3002008 RHS-h 300 200 8 12 8 60.3
40 30020010 RHS-h 300 200 10 15 10 74.5
41 30020012 RHS-h 300 200 12 18 12 88.5
42 30020012.5 RHS-h 300 200 12.5 18.75 12.5 91.9
43 30020016 RHS-h 300 200 16 24 16 115
44 3502506 RHS-h 350 250 6 9 6 55.1
45 3502506.3 RHS-h 350 250 6.3 9.45 6.3 57.8
46 3502508 RHS-h 350 250 8 12 8 72.8
47 35025010 RHS-h 350 250 10 15 10 90.2
48 35025012 RHS-h 350 250 12 18 12 107
49 35025012.5 RHS-h 350 250 12.5 18.75 12.5 112
50 35025016 RHS-h 350 250 16 24 16 141
51 4002006 RHS-h 400 200 6 9 6 55.1
52 4002006.3 RHS-h 400 200 6.3 9.45 6.3 57.8
53 4002008 RHS-h 400 200 8 12 8 72.8
54 40020010 RHS-h 400 200 10 15 10 90.2
55 40020012 RHS-h 400 200 12 18 12 107
56 40020012.5 RHS-h 400 200 12.5 18.75 12.5 112
57 40020016 RHS-h 400 200 16 24 16 141
58 4502508 RHS-h 450 250 8 12 8 85.4
59 45025010 RHS-h 450 250 10 15 10 106
60 45025012 RHS-h 450 250 12 18 12 126
61 45025012.5 RHS-h 450 250 12.5 18.75 12.5 131
62 45025016 RHS-h 450 250 16 24 16 166
63 5003008 RHS-h 500 300 8 12 8 97.9
64 50030010 RHS-h 500 300 10 15 10 122
65 50030012 RHS-h 500 300 12 18 12 145
66 50030012.5 RHS-h 500 300 12.5 18.75 12.5 151
67 50030016 RHS-h 500 300 16 24 16 191
68 50030020 RHS-h 500 300 20 30 20 235
cold forme 69 2001004 RHS-c 200 100 4 8 4 18
70 2001005 RHS-c 200 100 5 10 5 22.3
71 2001006 RHS-c 200 100 6 12 6 26.4
72 2001006.3 RHS-c 200 100 6.3 15.75 9.45 27.4
73 2001008 RHS-c 200 100 8 20 12 33.9
74 20010010 RHS-c 200 100 10 25 15 41.3
75 20010012 RHS-c 200 100 12 36 24 47.1
76 20010012.5 RHS-c 200 100 12.5 37.5 25 48.7
77 2001204 RHS-c 200 120 4 8 4 19.3
78 2001205 RHS-c 200 120 5 10 5 23.8
79 2001206 RHS-c 200 120 6 12 6 28.3
80 2001206.3 RHS-c 200 120 6.3 15.75 9.45 29.3
81 2001208 RHS-c 200 120 8 20 12 36.5
82 20012010 RHS-c 200 120 10 25 15 44.4
 83 20012012 RHS-c 200 120 12 36 24 50.9
84 20012012.5 RHS-c 200 120 12.5 37.5 25 52.6
85 2501005 RHS-c 250 100 5 10 5 26.2
86 2501006 RHS-c 250 100 6 12 6 31.1
87 2501006.3 RHS-c 250 100 6.3 15.75 9.45 32.3
88 2501008 RHS-c 250 100 8 20 12 40.2
89 25010010 RHS-c 250 100 10 25 15 49.1
90 25010012.5 RHS-c 250 100 12.5 37.5 25 58.5
91 2501505 RHS-c 250 150 5 10 5 30.1
92 2501506 RHS-c 250 150 6 12 6 35.8
93 2501506.3 RHS-c 250 150 6.3 15.75 9.45 37.2
94 2501508 RHS-c 250 150 8 20 12 46.5
95 25015010 RHS-c 250 150 10 25 15 57
96 25015012 RHS-c 250 150 12 36 24 66
97 25015012.5 RHS-c 250 150 12.5 37.5 25 68.3
98 25015016 RHS-c 250 150 16 48 32 83.8
99 3001006 RHS-c 300 100 6 12 6 35.8
100 3001006.3 RHS-c 300 100 6.3 15.75 9.45 37.2
101 3001008 RHS-c 300 100 8 20 12 46.5
102 30010010 RHS-c 300 100 10 25 15 57
103 30010012 RHS-c 300 100 12 36 24 66
104 30010012.5 RHS-c 300 100 12.5 37.5 25 68.3
105 30010016 RHS-c 300 100 16 48 32 83.8
106 3001506 RHS-c 300 150 6 12 6 40.5
107 3001506.3 RHS-c 300 150 6.3 15.75 9.45 42.2
108 3001508 RHS-c 300 150 8 20 12 52.8
109 30015010 RHS-c 300 150 10 25 15 64.8
110 30015012 RHS-c 300 150 12 36 24 75.4
111 30015012.5 RHS-c 300 150 12.5 37.5 25 78.1
112 30015016 RHS-c 300 150 16 48 32 96.4
113 3002006 RHS-c 300 200 6 12 6 45.2
114 3002006.3 RHS-c 300 200 6.3 15.75 9.45 47.1
115 3002008 RHS-c 300 200 8 20 12 59.1
116 30020010 RHS-c 300 200 10 25 15 72.7
117 30020012 RHS-c 300 200 12 36 24 84.8
118 30020012.5 RHS-c 300 200 12.5 37.5 25 88
119 30020016 RHS-c 300 200 16 48 32 109
120 3502506 RHS-c 350 250 6 12 6 54.7
121 3502506.3 RHS-c 350 250 6.3 15.75 9.45 57
122 3502508 RHS-c 350 250 8 20 12 71.6
123 35025010 RHS-c 350 250 10 25 15 88.4
124 35025012 RHS-c 350 250 12 36 24 104
125 35025012.5 RHS-c 350 250 12.5 37.5 25 108
126 35025016 RHS-c 350 250 16 48 32 134
127 4002008 RHS-c 400 200 8 20 12 71.6
128 40020010 RHS-c 400 200 10 25 15 88.4
129 40020012.5 RHS-c 400 200 12.5 37.5 25 108
130 40020016 RHS-c 400 200 16 48 32 134
131 4003008 RHS-c 400 300 8 20 12 84.2
132 40030010 RHS-c 400 300 10 25 15 104
133 40030012 RHS-c 400 300 12 36 24 123
134 40030012.5 RHS-c 400 300 12.5 37.5 25 127
135 40030016 RHS-c 400 300 16 48 32 159
return to content

Area of Se Second Moment Of ARadius Of Gyration Section Modulus Plastic Modulus Torsional Constants
Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Axis x-x Axis y-y Inertia
A Ix Iy rx ry Zx Zy Sx Sy J
cm2 cm4 cm4 cm cm cm3 cm3 cm3 cm3 cm4
19.2 607 324 5.63 4.11 81 64.8 97.4 73.6 660
23.7 739 392 5.58 4.07 98.5 78.5 119 90.1 807
28.2 862 456 5.53 4.02 115 91.2 141 106 946
29.5 898 474 5.52 4.01 120 94.8 147 110 986
36.8 1087 569 5.44 3.94 145 114 180 135 1203
44.9 1282 665 5.34 3.85 171 133 216 161 1432
52.7 1450 745 5.25 3.76 193 149 249 185 1633
54.6 1488 763 5.22 3.74 198 153 256 190 1679
18.4 612 207 5.77 3.35 76.5 51.7 94.7 58.3 493
22.7 744 249 5.72 3.31 93 62.3 116 71.1 600
27 868 288 5.67 3.27 108 72 136 83.3 701
28.2 903 299 5.66 3.26 113 74.8 142 86.8 730
35.2 1091 356 5.57 3.18 136 89 175 106 883
42.9 1284 411 5.47 3.1 161 103 209 125 1041
28.7 1495 505 7.21 4.19 149 101 185 114 1204
34.2 1754 589 7.16 4.15 175 118 218 134 1414
35.8 1829 613 7.15 4.14 183 123 228 140 1475
44.8 2234 739 7.06 4.06 223 148 282 172 1804
54.9 2664 869 6.96 3.98 266 174 341 206 2156
64.7 3047 979 6.86 3.89 305 196 395 237 2469
67.1 3136 1004 6.84 3.87 314 201 408 245 2541
36.5 1976 890 7.35 4.94 198 148 241 169 1943
38 2039 919 7.32 4.92 204 153 250 175 2034
47.6 2490 1114 7.23 4.84 249 186 309 216 2501
58.5 2978 1320 7.14 4.75 298 220 374 260 3006
69.4 3459 1515 7.06 4.67 346 253 439 304 3462
71 3468 1524 6.99 4.63 347 254 444 308 3568
38.7 3360 1527 9.31 6.28 269 204 324 228 3278
46.2 3965 1796 9.27 6.24 317 239 385 270 3877
48.4 4143 1874 9.25 6.22 331 250 402 283 4054
60.8 5111 2298 9.17 6.15 409 306 501 350 5021
74.9 6174 2755 9.08 6.06 494 367 611 426 6090
88.7 7154 3168 8.98 5.98 572 422 715 497 7088
92.1 7387 3265 8.96 5.96 591 435 740 514 7326
115 8879 3873 8.79 5.8 710 516 906 625 8868
48.7 6322 3396 11.4 8.35 421 340 501 380 6824
58.2 7486 4013 11.3 8.31 499 401 596 451 8100
 61 7829 4193 11.3 8.29 522 419 624 472 8476
76.8 9717 5184 11.3 8.22 648 518 779 589 10562
94.9 11819 6278 11.2 8.13 788 628 956 721 12908
113 13797 7294 11.1 8.05 920 729 1124 847 15137
117 14273 7537 11 8.02 952 754 1165 877 15677
147 17390 9109 10.9 7.87 1159 911 1441 1080 19252
70.2 12616 7538 13.4 10.4 721 603 852 677 14529
73.6 13203 7885 13.4 10.4 754 631 892 709 15215
92.8 16449 9798 13.3 10.3 940 784 1118 888 19027
115 20102 11937 13.2 10.2 1149 955 1375 1091 23354
137 23577 13957 13.1 10.1 1347 1117 1624 1286 27513
142 24419 14444 13.1 10.1 1395 1156 1685 1334 28526
179 30011 17654 12.9 9.93 1715 1412 2095 1655 35325
70.2 14998 5142 14.6 8.56 750 514 917 568 12049
73.6 15696 5376 14.6 8.55 785 538 960 594 12612
92.8 19562 6660 14.5 8.47 978 666 1203 743 15735
115 23914 8084 14.4 8.39 1196 808 1480 911 19259
137 28059 9418 14.3 8.3 1403 942 1748 1072 22622
142 29063 9738 14.3 8.28 1453 974 1813 1111 23438
179 35738 11824 14.1 8.13 1787 1182 2256 1374 28871
109 30082 12142 16.6 10.6 1337 971 1622 1081 27083
135 36895 14819 16.5 10.5 1640 1185 2000 1331 33284
161 43434 17359 16.4 10.4 1930 1389 2367 1572 39260
167 45026 17973 16.4 10.4 2001 1438 2458 1631 40719
211 55705 22041 16.2 10.2 2476 1763 3070 2029 50545
125 43728 19951 18.7 12.6 1749 1330 2100 1480 42563
155 53762 24439 18.6 12.6 2150 1629 2595 1826 52450
185 63446 28736 18.5 12.5 2538 1916 3077 2161 62039
192 65813 29780 18.5 12.5 2633 1985 3196 2244 64389
243 81783 36768 18.3 12.3 3271 2451 4005 2804 80329
300 98777 44078 18.2 12.1 3951 2939 4885 3408 97447
22.9 1200 411 7.23 4.23 120 82.2 148 91.7 985
28.4 1459 497 7.17 4.19 146 99.4 181 112 1206
33.6 1703 577 7.12 4.14 170 115 213 132 1417
34.8 1739 591 7.06 4.12 174 118 219 135 1483
43.2 2091 705 6.95 4.04 209 141 267 165 1811
52.6 2444 818 6.82 3.94 244 164 318 195 2154
60.1 2607 876 6.59 3.82 261 175 350 215 2414
62 2659 892 6.55 3.79 266 178 359 221 2474
24.5 1353 618 7.43 5.02 135 103 164 115 1345
30.4 1649 750 7.37 4.97 165 125 201 141 1652
36 1929 874 7.32 4.93 193 146 237 166 1947
37.4 1976 898 7.27 4.9 198 150 244 172 2040
46.4 2386 1079 7.17 4.82 239 180 298 209 2507
56.6 2806 1262 7.04 4.72 281 210 356 250 3007
64.9 3031 1368 6.84 4.59 303 228 395 278 3419
67 3099 1397 6.8 4.57 310 233 406 285 3514
33.4 2554 610 8.75 4.28 204 122 259 136 1620
39.6 2992 710 8.69 4.23 239 142 305 160 1905
41.1 3066 730 8.63 4.21 245 146 314 165 1993
51.2 3714 875 8.51 4.13 297 175 385 201 2439
62.6 4384 1021 8.37 4.04 351 204 462 240 2910
74.5 4868 1133 8.08 3.9 389 227 530 275 3373
38.4 3304 1508 9.28 6.27 264 201 320 225 3285
45.6 3886 1768 9.23 6.23 311 236 378 266 3886
47.4 4001 1825 9.18 6.2 320 243 391 276 4078
59.2 4886 2219 9.08 6.12 391 296 482 340 5050
72.6 5825 2634 8.96 6.02 466 351 582 409 6121
84.1 6458 2925 8.77 5.9 517 390 658 463 7088
87 6633 3002 8.73 5.87 531 400 678 477 7315
107 7660 3453 8.47 5.69 613 460 805 566 8713
45.6 4777 842 10.2 4.3 318 168 411 188 2403
47.4 4907 868 10.2 4.28 327 174 425 194 2515
59.2 5978 1045 10 4.2 399 209 523 238 3080
72.6 7106 1224 9.9 4.11 474 245 631 285 3681
84.1 7808 1343 9.64 4 521 269 710 321 4177
87 8010 1374 9.59 3.97 534 275 732 330 4292
107 9157 1543 9.26 3.8 610 309 865 386 4939
51.6 6074 2080 10.8 6.35 405 277 500 309 4988
53.7 6266 2150 10.8 6.32 418 287 517 321 5234
67.2 7684 2623 10.7 6.25 512 350 640 396 6491
82.6 9209 3125 10.6 6.15 614 417 776 479 7879
96.1 10298 3498 10.4 6.03 687 466 883 546 9153
99.5 10594 3595 10.3 6.01 706 479 912 563 9452
123 12387 4174 10 5.83 826 557 1092 673 11328
57.6 7370 3962 11.3 8.29 491 396 588 446 8115
60 7624 4104 11.3 8.27 508 410 610 463 8524
75.2 9389 5042 11.2 8.19 626 504 757 574 10627
92.6 11313 6058 11.1 8.09 754 606 921 698 12987
108 12788 6854 10.9 7.96 853 685 1056 801 15236
112 13179 7060 10.8 7.94 879 706 1091 828 15768
139 15617 8340 10.6 7.75 1041 834 1319 1000 19223
69.6 12457 7458 13.4 10.3 712 597 843 671 14554
72.6 12923 7744 13.3 10.3 738 620 876 698 15291
91.2 16001 9573 13.2 10.2 914 766 1092 869 19136
113 19407 11588 13.1 10.1 1109 927 1335 1062 23500
132 22197 13261 13 10 1268 1061 1544 1229 27749
137 22922 13690 12.9 9.99 1310 1095 1598 1272 28764
171 27580 16434 12.7 9.81 1576 1315 1954 1554 35497
91.2 18974 6517 14.4 8.45 949 652 1173 728 15820
113 23003 7864 14.3 8.36 1150 786 1434 888 19368
137 27100 9260 14.1 8.22 1355 926 1714 1062 23594
171 32547 11056 13.8 8.05 1627 1106 2093 1294 28928
107 25122 16212 15.3 12.3 1256 1081 1487 1224 31179
133 30609 19726 15.2 12.2 1530 1315 1824 1501 38407
156 35284 22747 15 12.1 1764 1516 2122 1747 45527
162 36489 23517 15 12 1824 1568 2198 1810 47237
203 44350 28535 14.8 11.9 2218 1902 2708 2228 58730
Torsional Constants Section Surface Area
Modulus
C As
cm3 m2/m
105 0.49
127 0.487
147 0.485
153 0.484
183 0.479
214 0.474
240 0.469
246 0.468
88.1 0.47
106 0.467
122 0.465
127 0.464
151 0.459
175 0.454
172 0.587
200 0.585
208 0.584
251 0.579
295 0.574
333 0.569
341 0.568
245 0.624
255 0.619
309 0.614
366 0.609
417 0.608
426 0.599
337 0.787
396 0.785
413 0.784
506 0.779
605 0.774
695 0.769
717 0.768
849 0.759
552 0.987
651 0.985
 681 0.984
840 0.979
1015 0.974
1178 0.969
1217 0.968
1468 0.959
967 1.18
1011 1.18
1254 1.18
1525 1.17
1781 1.17
1842 1.17
2246 1.16
877 1.18
917 1.18
1135 1.18
1376 1.17
1602 1.17
1656 1.17
2010 1.16
1629 1.38
1986 1.37
2324 1.37
2406 1.37
2947 1.36
2203 1.58
2696 1.57
3167 1.57
3281 1.57
4044 1.56
4842 1.55
142 0.586
172 0.583
200 0.579
208 0.573
250 0.566
292 0.557
322 0.538
329 0.536
172 0.626
210 0.623
245 0.619
255 0.613
308 0.606
364 0.597
 406 0.578
416 0.576
217 0.683
253 0.679
263 0.673
317 0.666
373 0.657
425 0.636
337 0.783
396 0.779
412 0.773
504 0.766
602 0.757
684 0.738
704 0.736
823 0.718
306 0.779
318 0.773
385 0.766
455 0.757
508 0.738
521 0.736
592 0.718
479 0.879
499 0.873
612 0.866
733 0.857
837 0.838
862 0.836
1015 0.818
651 0.979
680 0.973
838 0.966
1012 0.957
1167 0.938
1204 0.936
1442 0.918
967 1.18
1010 1.17
1253 1.17
1522 1.16
1770 1.14
1830 1.14
2220 1.12
1133 1.17
1373 1.16
1644 1.14
1984 1.12
1747 1.37
2132 1.36
2492 1.34
2580 1.34
3159 1.32
 Input Data of in-fille
Type
Composite column specifications
Column length
Effective length y-y
Effective length z-z
Column Type
Design value of actions
Design axial force
Design bending moment
about y-y (major) axis

about z-z (minor) axis

Material properties
Structural steel
Characteristic yield strength
Modulus elastic of steel
Partial safety factor
Design strength

Concrete
Concrete grade
Type of concrete
Characteristic value of compressive strength
Partial safety factor
Design value of compressive strength
Secant modulus of elasticity
Reinforcement
Characteristic yield strength
Partial safety factor
Design yield strength
Design value of modulus of elasticity

Connectors
Diameter
Overall nominal height
Ultimate tensile strength
Cross section geometry and section propertises of the selected section

Structural Steel
Diameter
Thickness
Section area
Second moment of area /yy
Elastic modulus /yy
Plastic modulus /yy
Second moment of area /zz
Elastic modulus /zz
Plastic modulus /zz
check for local buckling
Concrete
Area of concrete
Second moment of area about major axis: y-y (of columns)
Second moment of area about minor axis: z-z (of columns)

Reinforcement
The number of longitudinal bars
Bar diameter
No. of Rebars in 1st row,
No. of Rebars in 2nd row,
Distance from centre of section to 1st row,
Distance from centre of section to 2nd row,
Spacing of Rebars in vertical direction
Rebars area in 1st row, A1 (top & b
Rebars area in 2nd row, A2 (top & b

Total section area

Concrete cover
Second moment of total area about major axis: y-y (of columns)
Second moment of total area about minor axis: z-z (of columns)
Reinforcement ratio
 Return to Content

ut Data of in-filled Composite Columns (CHS)

Data Check

L= 10.00 m Input data

Ley= 10.00 m Input data
Lez= 10.00 m Input data
Fully Encased

NEd= 2500.00 kN Input data

My,top,Ed= 250.00 kNm Input data

My,bot,Ed= 0.00 Input data
Mz,top,Ed= 0.00 kNm Input data
My,bot,Ed= 0.00 Input data

Choose the steel grade

fy = 355 N/mm 2

Ea= 2.10E+05 N/mm2;

a= 1.00
fyd = 355 N/mm2

25 Choose the concrete grade

Normal Weight Concrete
fck= 25.0 N/mm2
c= 1.50
fcd= 16.7 N/mm2
Ecm= 3.1E+04 N/mm2

fyk = 500 N/mm2 Input data

c= 1.15
fsd= 434.78 N/mm2
Es= 2.10E+05 N/mm2

d = 22 mm Input data
hsc = 100 mm Input data
fu = 450 N/mm2 Input data
 Choose the steel section
d= 400 mm ; Input data
t= 8 mm Input data
Aa= 9847.0 mm2
Iay= 189220720.6 mm4
Wel,y= 946103.6 mm3
Wpl,y= 1229482.7 mm3
Iaz= 189220720.6 mm4
Wel,z= 946103.6 mm3
Wpl,z= 1229482.7 mm3
d/t= 50.0 d/t < sqrt (235/fy) Ok

Ac= 115752.96 mm2

Icy= 1066779279.4 mm4
Icz= 1066779279.4 mm4

n= 8 Input data
d= 20 mm Input data
No. of Rebars in 1st row, n1 = 1
No. of Rebars in 2nd row, n2 = 2
ntre of section to 1st row, y1 = 146 mm
ntre of section to 2nd row, y2 = 73 mm
Rebars in vertical direction, s = 73 mm
ea in 1st row, A1 (top & bot) = 628.318530718 mm
a in 2nd row, A2 (top & bot) = 1256.6370614359 mm

As= 2512.00 mm2 0.3%<As/Ac<6% Ok

44 mm Input data
Isy= 20089856.70 mm 4

Isz= 20089856.70 mm4

As/Ac= 2.17% 0.3%<As/Ac<6% Ok
Reference
 De
Plastic resistance of the composite cross section to compression:
d As f sd

E
E I
I )
)
A
Checking long f
term loading:
ez
l , Rke y
s sk
c r z

Efective elastic flexural stiffness:

N Ed ) t )

y Es I sy

Elastic buckling load:

EI
I))ey
ey

EI )

Plastic resistance to compression:

ez

As f sk

Non-dimesional slenderness ration:

l , Rk

c r z

Evaluate the resistance of the composite column under axial compression:

) 2



) 2

Confinement effect of circular cross-section

ecceentricity of loading

consider confinement if

the compression resistance of cross-section is:

Checking Resistance of composite section to under combined compression & Bending

ei

i ei

W ps
 2
w hn

2
w ) hn

f sd W ps

A
cc ffcd
cd

Interaction Diagram:

Point

i ei
i ei

Checking for combined compression and bending:

I cy Es I sy )

) eff , II ,y

)e f f , II ,z

f
f
)
) 1.0
1.0

hence

N Ed e0 ,y

a M
M

N Ed e0 ,z

a
a M
M

vertical shear
Longitudinal shear
nce of the composite cross section to compression:

gf
ez
e
ky

I
f

ng load:

e
yy
sd

term loading:
sk

elastic flexural stiffness:

sy
)
N pl .Rd Aa f yd Ac f cd As f sd
Npl.RdAafydAcfd Asfd

Steel contribution factor

Ec,ef Ecm/(1 NG,Ed /)NEd t )

About the axis (y-y) or z-z:

nce to compression:
ez

f sk

al slenderness ration:

k
Ec,eff Ecm / (1 ( N G,Ed / N Ed ) t )
assuming permanent load is 60% of design load

(E(I)eyaKcdyEIs EI )ey Ea I ay K e Ecd Icy Es I sy

E(Ie)zaKecdzEIs
About the axis (y-y) or z-z:

N cry

N pl . Rk Aa f y Ac f ck As f sk

About the major axis (y-y) or z-z:

y
2 ( EI )ey
L2ey

N pl , Rk
N cry
y=
Design Check

y=
Return to Content

Npl,Rd=

Ec,eff=
t=
NG,Ed=

Ke=
(EI)ey=

Ncry=

Npl,Rk=
Data

esistance of the composite column under axial compression:

Reduction factor:
strut curve a for major axis
y-y axis
ay=
1
y=
2
2
2
y=
0.5 1 a ( 0.2)
2


 1

2
2
2

0.5 1 a ( 0.2)
2


Where: a is the imperfection parameter which allows for different levels of imperfections in the colum
ffect of circular cross-section
M Ed
e= e=
N Ed
e/d =
0.5; e /d <0.1
=

ao = 0.25 3+2 ao =
co = 4.9-18.5 +17 2 co =
a = ao + 1-ao 10e /d a =
c =co 1-10e /d c =
t fy
N pl,Rd a Aa f yd Ac f cd 1+c As f sd Npl,Rd =
d f ck

n resistance of cross-section is:

Npl,Rd =
Nb,Rd=
N Ed

min N pl .Rd

stance of composite section to under combined compression & Bending

Major axis bending (y-y):

Wps: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement
n

WpsAsie n
W ps Asi ei
i

Wps=
1

Wpsn: Plastic section modulus for reinforcement within the region of 2h n from the middle line
i n
WpsnsAe,ni i n
W psn As n,i ei
1

Wpsn=
1

Neutral axis position:

A f - A 2 f - f hn=
hn c cd sn sd cd
2df cd 4t 2 f yd - f cd ez=

Wpc: Plastic section modulus for concrete:

W ps

W pc
d - 2t 3 - W Wpc=
ps
6
Wpan: Plastic section modulus of steel within the region of 2h n from the middle line:
 W pan dhn2 - W psn - W pcn
2
n Wpan=

Wpcn: Plastic section modulus of concrete within the region of 2h n from the middle line:

W pcn d - 2t hn2 - W psn

2
hn Wpcn=

The bending resistance

W ps
M max,Rd f yd Wpa 0.5 f cd Wpc f sd Wps Mmax,Rd=

Mp.mlRdax,RdfWydpan0.f5cdpn-Wsdpn
M pl . Rd M max,Rd f ydW pan 0.5 f cdW pcn - f sdW psn Mpl,Rd=

The resistance force

cd
cd
N pm, Rd Ac f cd Npm,Rd=

agram:
Major axis bending (y-y)

Bending Moment M (kNm) M=0 MA=

Compression force N (kN) N=Npl,Rd NA=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MB =
Compression force N (kN) N=0 NB=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpl,Rd MC =
Compression force N (kN) N=Npm,Rd NC=
Bending Moment M (kNm) M=Mpm,Rd MD=
Compression force N (kN) N=0.5Npm,Rd ND=

Interaction Curve
7000.00
A
6000.00 A
N (kN)

C
5000.00
D
B
4000.00

3000.00

2000.00
C
1000.00
D
0.00
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
B

M (kNm)
i
i

ombined compression and bending:

s I sy )
( EI )eff,IIy K o ( Ea I ay K e,II Eeff I cy Es I sy ) (EI)eff,II,y=

Ke,II=
Ko=

2 ( EI )eff ,II ,y
I ,y

N cr , y,eff 2
Ncr,eff,y=
Ley

for end moment =

, z

1.0
1 .0
k b / (1 N Ed / N cr ,eff ) 1.0 k1,y=

for bending moment from menber imperfection =

k2,y=

e0,y=
e0,z=

M y , Ed k1,y M Ed ,y k2,y N Ed e0,y

e0
My,Ed=
,y

dy Mpl,y,Rd=

M
M
M y , Ed / M pl , yRd a M M y,Ed / M pl,yRd

M=

e0 ,z
M z , Ed k1,z M Ed ,z k2,z N Ed e0,z Mz,Ed=

M
M
M z , Ed / M pl , zRd a M Mz,Ed/dzMpl,z,Rd =
M=

M y,Ed M z, Ed
1.0
dyM pl,y,Rd dz M pl,z,Rd

major axis y-y

The vertical shear is

Vy,Ed =
M y,top -M y,bot Vy,Ed=
L
The design shear resistance is

Vpl,a,Rd,y = Av,y f yd / 3 Vpl,a,Rd,y=
 Minor axis z-z

Vz,Ed =
M z,top -M z,bot
Vz,Ed=
L

Vpl,a,Rd,z = Av,z f yd / 3 Vpl,a,Rd,z=

hear
longitudinal shear force is
N c,Ed =N Ed 1-d NEd,c=
longitudinal shear stress
t Ed =N c,Ed /pa lv t Ed =
perimeter of steel section pa =
load introduction length lv=
design shear strength t Rd
if t Ed t Rd
PRd1 = 0.29a d 2 f ck Ecm / v PRd1=
PRd 2 = 0.8f u ( d / 4) / v
2
PRd2=
a 0.2 hsc d 1 for 3 hsc / d 4 hsc/d=
a 1 for hsc / d 4 =
PRd=
number of headed studs
n=
 Return to Content

Check
Data Check

6517.09 kN

0.54 >0.2 & <0.9 Ok

1.20E+04 N/mm2
2.7 Input data
1500 kN Input data

0.6
5.16E+04 kNm2

5.09E+03 kN

7645.52 kN

1.23 < 2 Ok

0.21 Input data

1.36
0.51
f imperfections in the columns

100.00 mm

0.25 Not ok
1.23 >0.5 Not Ok
not consider confinement
1.36
7.76
0.46
-11.63

-1759.08 kN

6517.09 kN
3351 kN

0.75 < 1 Ok

183469.01 mm3

ine

0 mm3 check

54.31 mm

146 mm > hn, Ok

9253715.0 mm3
 47199.3 mm3

1132783.8 mm3

593.35 kNm

567.15 kNm

1929.22 kN

0 kNm
6517.09 kN
567.15 kNm
0 kN
567.15 kNm
1929.22 kN
593.35 kNm
964.61 kN

M N
0 6517.09
567.15 1929.22
593.35 964.61
567.15 0

C
D

500 600 700

B

a-2fAcdsn
hn
-2afA
hncdsnya
a-2fhcdy 2afhcd
 a-2fAcdsn -2afAcdsnya
nh hn
cdya-2fh 2afhcd

4.53E+04 kNm2

0.5 Input data

0.9 Input data

4.47E+03 kN consider second order effect

0.66 Input data

1.50

1.0 Input data

2.27 Ok

0.033 m
0.033 m

563.63 kNm

496.59 kNm Ok
as shown in interaction curve
1.13

0.9 Recalculate

189.14 kNm

as shown in interaction curve

0.38

0.9 Ok

2.270 Recalculate

imperfection only considered in plane in which failure is expected to occur.

25.00 kN

1311.7 kN Ok
 0 kN

1311.7 kN Ok

1159 kN
there is no well-established method for calculating longitudinal shear stress, usually based
t Ed = 1.15 N/mm2 shear connectors should be provided
1257 mm
800 mm
0.55 N/mm2

100 kN
109 kN
4.5
1
100 kN

12
ected to occur.
nal shear stress, usually based on