Chapter 3 - So Good

LA CONSOLACION COLLEGE BACOLOD - ARFIEN DEPARTMENT
Chapter 3
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
In this chapter the results of the data analysis are presented. The data
were collected and then processed in response to the problems posed in
Chapter 1 of this dissertation. Two fundamental goals drove the collection of
the data and the subsequent data analysis. Those goals were to develop a
base of knowledge about how existing centers and reformation programs
work in terms of management and operation, and to what possible
architectural hypotheses can contribute to the problems presented.
The data gathered from interviews using themes, observations,
library/internet research, and legal documents were analyzed according to
usage in order to help in the formulation of results.
The first section presents the demographic information pertaining the
primary occupants of the proposal, the number of cases of Children-in-
Conflict with the Law. The second section presents the qualitative findings
gathered after a meticulous data analysis and explication from conducted
interviews.
Demographic Data
The data was obtained as a secondary data, collected from the
Provincial Social Welfare Development Office. The data conveys general

LA CONSOLACION COLLEGE BACOLOD - ARFIEN DEPARTMENT
demographic characteristics of the number of cases served by LGUs in the
province.
Demographic Information
Results from the 31 municipalities and cities in the Province were
obtained (see table 3.1)

LA CONSOLACION COLLEGE-ARFIEN DEPARTMENT PAGE 3
Qualitative Findings
Qualitative Data Analysis is the range of processes and procedures
whereby we examine words, phrases and sentences collected and to
provide some form of explanation, understanding or interpretation of the
people and situations we are investigating. (Compte, 2000) After several
data analysis and explication, there were _ essential themes that emerged
to be the concern of the respondents. Each theme was elaborated by the
statements of the conversational partners and is supported by related
literatures pertaining to the said theme.
The interview statements were gathered from three (3) sets of
conversation partners (CP); CP for the Management & Operations, which
are the Social Workers, Psychologists, Directors, DSWD Focal Persons. CP
for the Architectural Design and Development, which are the Architects,
Agriculturists, Environmental Planners. CP for the Personal experiences
and observations, which are Focus-grouped CICL residents, staffs, and
personnel.
Management and Operations- For improvement of the Facilitys
Circulation and Built-Environment
Human Psychology and Architecture
Human psychology is directly related with architecture. Appropriate
use of various architectural components has the capacity of enlightening the

atmosphere whereas inappropriate use does the opposite. The building
forms, the functions incorporated in it, colors, negative and positive spaces
in and around it may be the few points but architecture is directly attached
with human psychology from conscious to subconscious level. (Archijanu,
2011)
Some of the components of architecture which affects human
psychology are building form, positive and negative spaces, colors, open
spaces, openings, lighting, acoustics, Green techniques, and landscapes.
Architectural Psychology can be described as a branch of
environmental or ecological psychology. It is the interaction between human
and their environment. This includes spatial perception, orientation
behavior, living requirement and satisfaction. The architecture provides a
sense of space and support to all type of human activities if used
appropriately and it provides firmness, service, and delight. Architectural
psychology is an important multidisciplinary field, bridging traditional
psychology, engineering, architecture, domestic planning, and much more
to assist people to design buildings and living spaces for better occupation.
By understanding more about how people experience the built form, one
can further take a more occupant-centered approach towards designing and
engineering, which will lead to more truly innovative architectural designs.
(Janetius, S.T. 2016)

Mr. Paulo Sajo, RSW, Social Devt Center Bacolod stated in an

interview, dapat ang design sang surroundings kag sang facility ma bulig
divert sa energy sang mga CICLs. Ang design sang facilities mo kag sang
environment dapat conducive sya sa change, not only sa mga kabataan,
kundi sa mga staffs pa gid nga ga bulig sa mga kabataan. Tanawa bala di sa
amon, (SDC) maski papano lang di ang gawi nila ti ako mismo mahambal ko
budlayan na di sila magbag-o (The design of the surroundings and the
facility must aid in diverting the energy of the CICLs. The Design of the
facilities and the built environment must be conducive towards change, not
only to the youth, but also to the staffs that are the one helping the children.
In our present situation, I can say that change and hope is difficult to
achieve, because the facility do not imply good habits.)
Arch. Majekodunmi, who is the Chairman of the Students Affairs
Committee of the Nigerian Institute of Architects (NIA), noted that each
building type has different functions, and for each, there is an imperative to
use the building to help create an optimal mood, desire or sense of
coherence, security or meaning. He said, Architecture does influence
human behavior in many ways. This is true whether the environment is
natural or man-made. Understanding the way in which environments affect
people could enable the design and construction work, recreation and living
space that have the ability to influence peoples behavior.
The psychologist Joan Meyers-Levy, at the Carlson School of
Management, conducted an interesting experiment that examined the
relationship between ceiling height and thinking style. She demonstrated
that, when people are in a low-ceilinged room, they are much quicker at
solving anagrams involving confinement, such as "bound," "restrained" and
"restricted." In contrast, people in high-ceilinged rooms excel at puzzles in

which the answer touches on the theme of freedom, such as "liberated" and
"unlimited." According to Levy, this is because airy spaces prime us to feel
free.
Relating to the findings said above, the researcher could imply that
architecture is a tool to supplement the rehabilitation and reformation
programs backboned by the DSWD and NGOs. Architecture can help dictate
how will the occupants move and behave. By the use of different elements in
architecture affecting the psychological aspects, the research could come up
with a synthesis pertaining to a sound architectural design.
A Homely Environment
The role of the built environment in behavior control has long been
recognized by environmental psychologists and environment behavior
studies. This is because the built environment can support or inhibit human
change (Wener, 2012).
A rehabilitative built environment for juveniles should create the
conditions that will engage the inmates and promote the development of
positive attitudes and behaviors. In addition to provision of facilities, utilities,
and functional built environment, it should have a soothing image and the
appropriate sensual characteristics. While many studies have focused on the
built environment in urban and rural settings and their effect on juvenile
delinquency, it is important to examine the built environment within the

rehabilitation centers, especially from the perspective of the young offenders
themselves. Schubert and Mulvey (2013) highlighted the importance of
seeing the environment of juvenile institutions through the eyes of the
adolescents confined there. Their perceptions and attitudes should matter if
the goal is truly their reformation.
Creating a safe environment should be the primary focus of formal
principles that set the tone for how youth and staff are treated in the facility.
The first principle, for example, might be a statement about shared
responsibility for maintaining a safe and supportive environment; a process
for informing staff and youth of the principles; and a process for addressing
violations of the principles. In addition, there should be a values statement
specifying that all individuals must be treated with respect; that no
harassment or abuse of any kind will be tolerated; and that youth will not be
subjected to categorical treatment based on actual or perceived race, ethnic
group identification, national origin, religion, gender, sexual orientation,
gender identity, mental or physical disability, or HIV status. (Burrell,S. 2013)
In an interview with Mr. Wendy Castro, Director of SDC Bacolod, he

stated, balo ka noy, kalabanan sa mga kabataan nga mga CICL, they
came from bad family backgrounds, wala sila bala mayo na tudluan, ang
iban mismo wala nagdako nga may amay kag iloy. Amo na nga naging
susceptible sila sa mga bad influences kay wala man sang may ma guide sa
ila. Amo na tani nga ang centers, ang ma serve as refuge home nila, dapat
ang ila nga environment di, may pag alaga sang pamilya, amo na nga may
mga houseparents kita diri, pero dapat mismo ang ila palibot daw mayo man
nga panimalay eh, in order for change to be effective, there must be a
change of scenery... (Most of these CICLs, they came from bad family
backgrounds, they werent taught well, most of them didnt have parents to
raise them well. Thats why they are susceptible to bad influences, because
theres no one to guide them properly. Thats why centers should serve as
their refuge home and their environment must have the atmosphere of a
family care, thats why we have house-parents here, but their surroundings
should also exhibit homely environment, because in order for change to be
effective, there must be a change of scenery.)
Mr. Paulo Sajo, Social Worker of SDC Bacolod added, isa gid sa
importante nga maka affect sa reformation sang isa ka CICL wala labot sa
intervention programs ka DSWD is ang iya palibot, ang iya environment kag
surroundings. They are just children pa lang mo may quote gani nga Youth
is a moment and condition of life when a person may be most susceptible to
influence. Kay ang mga bata nga ini, kung na guide-an lang ni sila mayo
sang ila mga parents sa ila pagdako, hindi ni mag abot sa punto nga ma
ngita sila bad influences especially sa mga slums. Numero uno gid nga
factor ina sa ila cognitive development, ang pag aruga sang isa ka pamilya,
kag ang ginatawag nga panimalay... (One of the most important factor that
can affect the reformation process of a CICL, besides the intervention
programs of DSWD, is their environment and surroundings. They are all just
children, there is a quote Youth is a moment and condition of life when a
person may be most susceptible to influence. These children if only they
were guided properly by their parents during their growing years, it will not
come to this point that they will seek the bad influences especially in the
slums. That is the number one factor in their cognitive development, the care
of a family, and the thing we call home.)
It also affects cognitive behaviors of an individual, and and
understanding about this relationship can help to determine and predict the
activity and behavior of its users (Cummings, 2012). Positive behavioral
interventions seek to prevent juveniles from engaging in negative behaviors
by changing the environment in which the behaviors occur (Duda and Utley,
2005).
A homely-environment is and evidence-based observation that
considers the perception and feelings of the user. Applying this concept to a
rehabilitation facility not only impacts its effectiveness but also promotes its
image.
Security and Peace
The character of the built environment in juvenile rehabilitation centers
should play both a conducive and restrictive role (Cummings, 2012). While
supervision and security is essential in juvenile rehabilitation centers, an
effective design of the built environment should maximize freedom, mobility
and flexibility (Marmot, 2002).
Territory refers to private and public spaces. Territory is established by
establishing tangible distinctions between spaces. Distinctions can be made
using textural changes in pavements of walls, elevation changes (a step up
or down), barriers such as walls or fences, visual barriers such as low fences
or shrubs, or psychological barriers such as consistent neighborhood
organization or themes.
Access refers to providing and restricting access; in short, control.
Blocking off streets is sometimes helpful, but it is usually not the preferred
method. Through streets are preferable because they provide necessary
access for pedestrians and vehicles. In addition, blocked streets are

considered more threatening, and residents may not want to project that
image of their neighborhood. (Russ, 2002)
Mr. Paulo Sajo, Social Worker of SDC Bacolod stated that, in

terms of security, which is importante katama, sad to say pero pigaw gid ang
security kag peacekeeping di namon, were having a hard time na i-contain
ang ila nga mga giho, problema gid namon damo di pirmi may gapalagyo,
kag kis-a may cases man gakadakpan sila may deadly weapon sila, because
may access sila japon sa gwa, kay ang amon nga facility daw ka open lang,
dapat siguro sa imo design implement mo gid ang restriction sang ila
movements, pero panumdomon mo man nga dapat hindi daw presohan ang
imo environment. Exhibit mo man ang surveillance na gina tawag, kay para
maka contribute sa safety and precaution... ( In terms of security, which is
very important, its sad to say but our security and peacekeeping do not meet
the optimum, were having hard time in containing their movements. We
have problems of absconds here, and in some cases some are caught with
deadly weapon, because they still have access in the outside, the reason is
because our facility is still open to outside contact. You must implement in
your design the restriction of movements, but always keep in mind that the
environment must not look like a prison. You must also exhibit surveillance,
in order to promote safety and precaution.)
Ar. Levi John Cayayan, Provincial Architect III said that, Consider
mo gid ya kung paano mo ma promote ang homely environment, nga mga
restrain mo tuod ang ila movements, pero hindi dapat nila ma feel nga na
constraint sila, promote mo ang freedom of movement without sacrificing
security and order. Use buffers and plantings, para not only ma ka provide
wayfinding kag restrictions sang access, maka bulig ka pa sa reduction sang
noise and site albedo. (You must consider how wil you promote a homely
environment, that you can restrain their movements, while not letting them
feel that they are being constrained. Promote freedom of movement without
sacrificing security and order. Use buffers and plantings, not only to provide
wayfinding and restriction of access, but also to help in reduction of noise
and site albedo.)
The challenge to the designer to protect the site from intruders in a
fashion that is more than simply hardening the facility. New facilities that
might be the target of such attacks should incorporate security into the most
basic design considerations. (Russ, 2002)
Surveillance refers to seeing and being seen. The suggestion of
surveillance can be made simply by opening more windows and doors onto
the street so that people are seen as both the observers and the observed.
Points of congregation such as playgrounds and porches encourage
residents to see and be seen, increasing the degree of visible surveillance in
a neighborhood. While lighting is important, the sense that there are eyes on
the street is more likely than lighting to be a deterrent to unwanted activity.
(Russ, 2002)
The researcher can conclude using the statements and literatures
stated above that, security and peacekeeping can be obtained while
preserving the visual comfort intended for the reformation of the occupants
or users. Implementation of surveillance systems can greatly contribute to
the safety and precautionary measures of the operations in the site.
OBSERVATION
In order to determine the conditions that may contribute to new
features or pose challenges to the proposed redevelopment, ocular
inspection and observation of certain site elements were undertaken. Site
conditions and the neighboring areas were gauged as to suitability in terms
of vehicular and pedestrian access, availability of utilities, peace and order

situation, and access to the citys emergency facilities. The neighboring
buildings were also observed and the major city landmarks determined.
Site Development
The proposed location of the said proposal is pre-selected. The
site is owned by the Province of Negros Occidental and has a magnitude of
________ square meters. The present status of the site is a rice field. It is
located across the Abuanan-Sum-ag road adjacent to Negros Occidental
District Jail. With two roads for accessibility, it also provides a vast space for
landscaping, plantation, farming developments, future development on the
site, and also to eliminate congestion to public.
Site Analysis
The site intended for the proposed Balay Paglaum must be analyzed
with regards to the following concerns:
o Accessibility
The site is very accessible as it is connected to a minor road connected
from a major road. The site is very secluded which is good for institutional
and reformation facilities. Also the site is accessible by means of
transportation passing by in the road networks.
o Road Networks
The site is bounded by two (2) roads which is the Abuanan-Sum-ag
road, going to Brgy. Abuanan and the other is the road going to Prk.
Province.
o Distance
o Transportation System
Public Transportation is present in the site in the form of tricycle
and double tire (coaster). It is 10 km away from Bacolod City.
Private Transportation is also applicable, it will only take less or
more than 20 minutes ETA from Bacolod City.
o Utilities System
Water Supply
The water supply will be supplied from Bacolod City Water
District (BACIWA); water line will be from Brgy. Tangub, also
other water source will be from a deep well.
o Power Supply
There is an existing power supply within the site. The power
supply is supplied by Central Negros Electric Cooperative, Inc.
(CENECO). However in case of power failure, the Balay
Paglaum will also need of a generator to supply the needs of the
facilities.
o Sewage System
There are existing drainage systems within the site to help
control the flow of water during rainy seasons.
o Communication Systems
The site can easily access on Philippine Long Distance
Telephone Company (PLDT) for the communication system,
also other options will be walkie-talkie and inter-
communication.
Safety, Peace and Order Situation
The site is known to be safe and serene, away from urban noise and
pollution. Adjacent to the site is the Provincial Jail which is already a police-
vicinity precaution. There are no hazards and noise pollution present in the
area since it is an agricultural area and located in the suburbs giving it a
stress-free surrounding. No accidents or crime have been reported in the
site. The police force from the nearby Jail can aid the supervision of the area
especially from people residing near the site.
Building Function
Based on the researchers observation on existing facilities and
the like, rehabilitation, reformation and social development centers were
planned in a way that the circulation areas of the residents are visible to the
employees or personnel of the facilities. They do all have an open area

where resident children can do their activities and sports engagements. They
also have chapels to serve the spiritual healing of the children.
In planning and programming the rehabilitation and reformation
center, the researcher should consider the movement and activities inside it
to create a functional institution conducive to change and learning.
Flow
When the CICL has been admitted to the center by the respective
authorities, they will be delivered from the vehicle sally port, going to the
main grounds of the counseling room with the psychologist or social worker
that has been assigned to the CICL. The CICL will undergo several
orientation and evaluation tests, depending on his type and gravity of
offense. Its either the CICL will go to physical check-up, medical diagnosis,
psychiatric examination and etc. As soon as the CICL left the counseling
room, the family or the acting guardian will take over the room for they will
also be oriented and counseled by the psychologist and social workers.
Furthermore, the activities and intervention programs intended for the CICL
is up to the management.
Security
Building Strength and Durability

The use of concrete is a very evident material being used to institutional
buildings. Other materials include glass, aluminum cladding, galvanized iron,
bamboo, timber, etc. Several major factors are involved in the structural
design of the facility:
o Properties of concrete
o Supporting strength of the subgrade or sub-
based grade combination.
Building Utilities
Electrical and water system must be applied to the site.
Sewage systems must also be put into consideration. Good and high-speed
communication systems, inter-communication systems must also be present
on the site in order to improve its efficiency.
LIBRARY AND INTERNET RESEARCH
Site Analysis
In many respects site analysis is the moslt important step in the
successful site
design process. The purposes of the preliminary site analysis are to
gather data for preliminary planning, evaluate the site for compatibility with
the proposed project or use, recognize concerns requiring additional study,
and form an understanding of the administrative requirements of the project
such as building permits and approvals. The value of an analysis is in its

clear and complete identification of issues and the character of the site as
they relate to a proposed use. (Russ, 2002)
Location
The first consideration of the site analysis is to locate the site. Site
location entails more than simply locating the site on a map. Location in this
sense is referring to the site in terms of the projects relationship to the
community.
Site Analysis Checklist, Administrative Issues
Site Condition
Developed existing buildings or structures
Former uses
Known site conditions
Character and/or condition of existing roads
Points of access and egress (approximate site
distances)
Expected road improvements
Visibility into and out of site
Security considerations
Neighboring property uses
Existing rights of way or easements on
property
Other encumbrances (condominium or
community association?)
Site Development
Cluster Planning
A.F. Cuthbert Salmon, AIA, and Christine F. Salmon, AIA

A rehabilitation center has several areas. These include medical
area, social adjustment area, and vocational or training area. Residential
Treatment and Rehabilitation Center.
BUILDING FUNCTION
Time-saver Standards for Building Types
F. Cuthbert Salmon, AIA, and Christine F, Salmon, AIA
Residential Treatment and Rehabilitation Center
The center shall have at least four hundred (400) square meters for 30
patients for the following:
o Registration area/waiting area/reception

o Counseling/testing room
o Administrative office/Directors Office(with
secured storage files)
o Emergency Clinic- must be located near the
area where center personnel are on duty.
o Living quarters, separate rooms for male and
female
o Toilet/Bath/Lavatory- One for every ten
patients
o Multi-purpose area/recreational area
o Dining Area
o Kitchen Area with Provision for security/ lock
of all sharp objects
o Area for outdoor activity
Whole Building Design Guide Youth Centers
Typical Youth Center activity spaces include the following:

o Control desk/check-in
o Commons/game room
o Snack bar
o Activity rooms/classrooms
o Multipurpose room/gymnasium
o Computer room
o Teen room and
o Outdoor activity areas.
o Typical Youth Center support spaces include
the following:
o Administrative office space
o Toilets and janitor facilities
o Kitchen and
o Mechanical/electrical/communications space
CREATE A HOMELIKE ENVIRONMENT
While meeting the durability requirements for a public facility, the

finishes, furnishings, fixtures, and equipment in Youth Centers should be
comfortable and have a homelike quality:
o Provide ample natural light
o Provide a sense of welcome and arrival at the
entrance, lobby, and control desk
o Use residential-style doors and windows
o Use indirect lighting as main ambient lighting,
and
o Avoid institutional, unnatural finishes, textures,
and colors.
ENCOURAGE CREATIVITY
Part of the facility's mission is to encourage creative development. The

project development process and final design can help accomplish this in
several ways:
Carefully consider interior colors and textures. Design the Youth Center
to communicate a sense of fun, but use restraint (e.g., neutral tones for
backgrounds and ceilings, with warm colors for accents). Consider wall
murals in some common areas.
o Particularly for the teen room, consider
guiding a teen focus group to select an interior color scheme
o Provide space and consider various

techniques to display and celebrate youth artwork, and
o Design display areas to be easily changed
and updated, minimize permanent graphics.
ENCOURAGE AUTONOMY
Youth centers are not schools. While supervision must be maintained at

all times, the design should accommodate autonomy in the unstructured
activity areas. The youth patrons should have independent access to the
following:
o Snack bar and toilets
o Games, computers, and TV
o Friends and companions, and
o Quiet space for solitude
INCLUDE APPROPRIATE SPACE FOR STAFF

Provide space to assist staff in developing and maintaining the center's
programs and business. Outside of normal day-to-day operations, staff must
be able to accomplish the following:
o Think and plan
o Meet and communicate
o Host visitors, and
o Store equipment and records.
MAINTAIN A SAFE AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT
Design the facility to accommodate equipment and operational

strategies to both protect the youth and maintain a healthy environment.
Consider the following critical elements:
o Prevent unauthorized access by potentially
dangerous personnel
o Provide visual access to all spaces to monitor
potential child abuse situations
o Provide easily-cleaned finishes
o Use non-toxic building materials and improved
maintenance practices
o Ensure good indoor air quality and abundant
natural light, and
o Ensure that equipment, furnishings, and
finishes do not contain asbestos or lead.
Whole Building Design Guide- Continuous
Child Care Facility
BUILDING ATTRIBUTES
SPACE TYPES AND BUILDING ORGANIZATION
CCCF facility spaces are intended to emulate typical residential spaces.

Administrative space is minimal.
o Foyer. Primary facility entry and check-in,
should allow entering children to view other children in living and play rooms.
o Living room. Gathering and quiet social
activity area
o Play room. Gathering and play area with a
variety of structured activity subareas
o Dining room. Family-style dining area for all
children, also accommodating table-based activities such as crafts and homework
o Kitchen. Full-service, residential-style kitchen
o Crib/infant room. Sleeping space and infant
activity area, including diaper changing facilities
o Bedrooms. Separate rooms for boys and girls
o Child toilets. These may be unisex facilities
and/or gender-specific facilities and include child-sized fixtures and a bath/shower.
o Staff den / office
o Staff toilet
o Laundry
Spaces are organized to achieve the key goals of supervising the
children, maintaining a home-like setting, and providing ample space for
active play. Explore opportunities to dual-use circulation space as additional
activity area for children: To the degree possible, open areas should easily
flow from one to the other in order to maximize gross motor activity areas for
children.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Key design goals and considerations for CCCF are very similar to those
for CDCs, with special emphasis on the following:
BE HOMELIKE
o Even more than in a CDC, a CCCF is
designed to emulate a single-family residential environment. (However, as these are
commercial facilities, the applicable facility classification and building codes may be
more stringent than residential codes.) Pay particular attention to the following:
o Provide a sense of arrival and welcome upon

entering the facility for both children and parents
o Allow children to independently address bodily
needs such as hunger, thirst, using the toilet, and sleep
o Avoid institutional, unnatural finishes and
textures. Use natural finishes to the extent possible or a natural appearance when
not possible. For example, resilient sheet flooring should have a simulated stone or
wood-grain pattern.
MAINTAIN A SAFE AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT

Safety is a critical element of CCCF design and includes both child-
abuse prevention as well as injury prevention:
o Provide vision panels in all interior doors
o Ensure controlled access to the facility,
including outdoor spaces
o Provide window treatments that are either
cordless, have cords that are out of reach of children, or have continuous-loop
cords that are permanently anchored to the wall
o Specify easily cleaned finishes
o Provide good indoor air quality as well as to
the use of daylighting, non-toxic building materials and improved maintenance
practices
o Use rounded corners (" bull-nose) on all
counters, casework, and furnishings
PROVIDE A DURABLE AND MAINTAINABLE FACILITY
The continuous use (24 hours per day, 7 days per week) and gross
motor activities will impact the facility interior:
o Provide durable interior finishes and
furnishings while maintaining a residential-style appearance
o Use solid surface/solid composite counters
o Provide heavy-duty, "professional" grade,
residential appliances for the kitchen and laundry
Built Environment for Rehabilitation: Dept. of Architecture, ABU,
Nigeria
Although barriers may be necessary to maintain security in juvenile
rehabilitation centres, Gendreau and Keyes (2001) noted that rehabilitation
centres are public social institutions which should be integrated in the
community and blend with the surrounding built environment. This is
important in order not to disconnect the young offenders from the
environment into which they will be discharged. The site design of the
centres should aim at deinstitutionalizing them through the creation of a
normal and modern built environment that aids rehabilitation of delinquents.
It should also allow the physical contact with the outside for individual and
group activities (Mcmillen and Justice Planners International JPI, 2005)
LEGAL DOCUMENTS
DOCUMENTARY ANALYSIS
FACILITY SURVEY
Chapter IV
Conclusion and Recommendations
This chapter represents the summary of findings, conclusions and
recommendations from the presented analyses and findings.

This investigation was conducted in order to present an architectural
design solution for the proposed, Balay Paglaum: A Rehabilitation and
Reformation Center for Children-in-Conflict with the Law. The descriptive
method of research was adopted and various data collection procedure were
applied. Techniques such as interviews, library and internet research,
observation, document analysis, and facility surveys.
Interviews
Observation
Site Visitation on Existing Centers
Ocular observation was conducted to the site and the familiar existing
facilities. Site visit have helped the researcher gather and synthesize more
data and information pertaining to the formulation of the design solution.
Aside from the selected site, the researcher also visited several youth
centers for operation and management observations. The researcher
observed on how the activities are being operated inside the center.
Site Ocular Visit
The proposed project is located in the farm lots owned by the Provincial
Government, currently being used as demo farm by the Office of the Provincial
Agriculturist. The farming and agricultural activities proposed in the site is very
suitable, because of the fertility of the soil already present in its current state.
The site is also serene and tranquil because of the vegetations and treelines
surrounding the site, it can help promote the healing being brought by the built-
environment. The researcher will take advantage of the every feature of the
site, the fact that the site is away from the busyness, noise, and influence of
the urban society, makes it suitable and comply the site criteria.
Conclusion
Serenity, silence, tranquility, are the biophilic environment elements that
promotes conduciveness to change. The site must be a new scenery towards
its users. The farm-like environment that can already be seen in the site, is
already an advantage to the purpose of the site.

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LA CONSOLACION COLLEGE BACOLOD - ARFIEN DEPARTMENT

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

were collected and then processed in response to the problems posed in

Chapter 1 of this dissertation. Two fundamental goals drove the collection of

base of knowledge about how existing centers and reformation programs

work in terms of management and operation, and to what possible

architectural hypotheses can contribute to the problems presented.

The data gathered from interviews using themes, observations,

library/internet research, and legal documents were analyzed according to

usage in order to help in the formulation of results.

The first section presents the demographic information pertaining the

primary occupants of the proposal, the number of cases of Children-in-

gathered after a meticulous data analysis and explication from conducted

The data was obtained as a secondary data, collected from the

Provincial Social Welfare Development Office. The data conveys general

demographic characteristics of the number of cases served by LGUs in the

Results from the 31 municipalities and cities in the Province were

obtained (see table 3.1)

Qualitative Data Analysis is the range of processes and procedures

whereby we examine words, phrases and sentences collected and to

provide some form of explanation, understanding or interpretation of the

people and situations we are investigating. (Compte, 2000) After several

to be the concern of the respondents. Each theme was elaborated by the

statements of the conversational partners and is supported by related

literatures pertaining to the said theme.

The interview statements were gathered from three (3) sets of

conversation partners (CP); CP for the Management & Operations, which

are the Social Workers, Psychologists, Directors, DSWD Focal Persons. CP

Agriculturists, Environmental Planners. CP for the Personal experiences

and observations, which are Focus-grouped CICL residents, staffs, and

Management and Operations- For improvement of the Facilitys

Circulation and Built-Environment

Human Psychology and Architecture

Human psychology is directly related with architecture. Appropriate

use of various architectural components has the capacity of enlightening the

atmosphere whereas inappropriate use does the opposite. The building

with human psychology from conscious to subconscious level. (Archijanu,

Some of the components of architecture which affects human

spaces, openings, lighting, acoustics, Green techniques, and landscapes.

Architectural Psychology can be described as a branch of

environmental or ecological psychology. It is the interaction between human

and their environment. This includes spatial perception, orientation

behavior, living requirement and satisfaction. The architecture provides a

sense of space and support to all type of human activities if used

appropriately and it provides firmness, service, and delight. Architectural

psychology is an important multidisciplinary field, bridging traditional

psychology, engineering, architecture, domestic planning, and much more

can further take a more occupant-centered approach towards designing and

engineering, which will lead to more truly innovative architectural designs.

(Janetius, S.T. 2016)

Mr. Paulo Sajo, RSW, Social Devt Center Bacolod stated in an

Committee of the Nigerian Institute of Architects (NIA), noted that each

use the building to help create an optimal mood, desire or sense of

coherence, security or meaning. He said, Architecture does influence

human behavior in many ways. This is true whether the environment is

natural or man-made. Understanding the way in which environments affect

space that have the ability to influence peoples behavior.

The psychologist Joan Meyers-Levy, at the Carlson School of

Management, conducted an interesting experiment that examined the

relationship between ceiling height and thinking style. She demonstrated

solving anagrams involving confinement, such as "bound," "restrained" and

"restricted." In contrast, people in high-ceilinged rooms excel at puzzles in

"unlimited." According to Levy, this is because airy spaces prime us to feel