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COMPARATIVOS Y SUPERLATIVOS

Recuerdas las cinco reglas para formar el comparativo y superlativo de los adjetivos en ingls? Vamos a
revisarlas aqu:

REGLA 1
El comparativo y superlativo de los adjetivos de una slaba se forman agregando las terminaciones -er y -est al
final del adjetivo:
cold >> colder >> the coldest

REGLA 2
Los adjetivos que terminan con vocal seguida de una consonante duplican la consonante final antes de agregar
las terminaciones -er o -est:
hot >> hotter >> the hottest

REGLA 3
Los adjetivos de dos slabas que terminan en -y cambian la y por i y recin entonces agregan las terminaciones
-er o -est:
noisy >> noisier >> the noisiest

REGLA 4
En el caso de adjetivos de dos o ms slabas (excepto aquellos terminados en -y) el comparativo y superlativo se
forman con more y most:
beautiful >> more beautiful >> the most beautiful

REGLA 5
Recuerda que los comparativos y superlativos "irregulares" cambian totalmente. Aqu tienes algunos:
good >> better >> the best
bad >> worse >> the worst
far >> farther / further >> the farthest / the furthest

EXPRESANDO SIMILITUD
Puedes usar la estructura as ... as ... (tan ... como ...) para expresar similitud:
In this southern island it is as hot as the tropics.
(En esta isla austral el tiempo es tan clido como en el trpico)

EXPRESANDO DIFERENCIA
Cuando comparas puedes expresar diferencia de tres formas:

A) not as/so ... as


Life in the countryside is not as fast as it is in Tokyo.
(La vida en el campo no es tan agitada como lo es en Tokyo)

B) as ... as ... con twice, three times, half, a third, etc.


Japan's car exports are twice as high as Britain's.
(Las exportaciones de autos de Japn duplican [son dos veces ms que] las de Gran Bretaa)

C) -er than ... o more / less ... than ...


The mountains are generally fresher than the cities.
(Por lo general, las montaas son ms frescas que las ciudades)

Spring is more beautiful than summer.


(La primavera es ms bonita que el verano)
Tambin puedes anteponer much, far, a lot, lots, a little o a bit a la forma comparativa del adjetivo:

The south of the country is a lot warmer than the north.


(El sur del pas es mucho ms clido que el norte)

Their products are much less important than they used to be.
(Sus productos son mucho menos importantes de lo que solan ser)

Adverbs and adjectives

Adjectives such as beautiful, nice, red, etc. describe NOUNS. Adverbs such as quickly, badly, or warmly
describe VERBS. This page will explain the differences between them, and show you how to make adverbs
from adjectives.

1. Using adjectives and adverbs

Adjective Adverb Example

Beautiful Ann is beautiful.


Beautifully Ann sings beautifully.

Warm The room is warm.


Warmly Joe smiles warmly.

Slow The car is slow.


Slowly Ann drives slowly.

2. Making adverbs from adjectives


Adverbs are usually made from adjectives, by adding -LY. However, there are some exceptions.
These are the rules:

Adjective ending in... How to make the adverb Examples


Change Y to I and add -LY heavy heavily

Happy - happily
Lazy - lazily
Nice - nicely
Loud - loudly

However, there are some important exceptions:

Adjective Adverb
Good well
Late late
Early early
Fast fast
Hard hard

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