Global Business of Square Pharma

Submitted By:

Al Nahian Foysal

ID: 20161046

Submitted To:

Rakibul Hassan

Assistant Professor

Faculty of Business Studies

Jahangirnagar University

Date of Submission
23rd September, 2017
Introduction:
SQUARE today symbolizes a name a state of mind. But its journey to the growth and
prosperity has been no bed of roses. From the inception in 1958, it has today burgeoned into one
of the top line conglomerates in Bangladesh. Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd., the flagship company,
is holding the strong leadership position in the pharmaceutical industry of Bangladesh since 1985
and is now on its way to becoming a high performance global player.

SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited is the largest pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh and it

has been continuously in the 1st position among all national and multinational companies since
1985. It was established in 1958, converted into a public limited company in 1991 and listed with
stock exchanges in 1995. The turnover of Square Pharma was Taka 30.28 Billion (US$ 385.22
million) with about 18.64% market share having a growth rate of about 25.36% (April 2014
March 2015).

Looking beyond the horizon

SQUARE Pharmaceuticals Limited has extended its range of services towards the highway of
global market. It pioneered exports of medicines from Bangladesh in 1987 and has been
exporting antibiotics and other pharmaceutical products. Present export market covers 36
countries. This extension in business and services has manifested the credibility of Square
Pharmaceuticals Limited.

Mission

Our Mission is to produce and provide quality & innovative healthcare relief for people,
maintain stringently ethical standard in business operation also ensuring benefit to the
shareholders, stakeholders and the society at large.

Vision

We view business as a means to the material and social wellbeing of the investors, employees
and the society at large, leading to accretion of wealth through financial and moral gains as a part
of the process of the human civilization.
Objectives:

Our objectives are to conduct transparent business operation based on market mechanism within
the legal & social framework with aims to attain the mission reflected by our vision.

Five products that exports by Square Pharma:

1. Alatrol
Active Ingredient: Cetirizine.
Indication: Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, Perennial Allergic Rhinitis, Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria,
and Pruritus. It is also used in allergen induced asthma.

Dosage and Administration:

Administered with or without food. Adults and Children 6 years and older :
Tablet: 1 tablet daily. Syrup: 2 teaspoonfuls once daily or 1 teaspoonful twice daily. In patients
with decreased renal function (Creatinine clearance 11-31 ml/min), patients on hemodialysis
(Creatinine clearance less than 7 ml/min) and in hepatically impaired patients , a dose of 1/2
tablet or 1 teaspoonful once daily isrecommended. Children 2-6 years : Syrup: 1 teaspoonful
once daily or 1/2 teaspoonful twice daily. Children 6 months - <2 years: Syrup: 1/2 teaspoonful
once daily. The dose in children 12-23 months of age can be increased to a maximum dose as
teaspoonful every 12 hours. Paediatric Drops: 1 ml, once daily. The dose in children 12-23
months of age can be increased to a maximum dose as 1 ml, every 12 hours.

Contraindication & Precaution:

Hypersensitivity or idiosyncrasy to cetirizine or to its parent compound ,hydroxyzine. Caution
should be exercised when driving a car or operating a heavy machinery. Concurrent use with
alcohol or other CNS depressants should be avoided because additional reduction in alertness
and additional impairment of CNS performance may occur.
Drug Interaction: No clinically significant drug interactions have been found.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation:
Cetirizine should be used in pregnancy only if clearly needed. Use in lactating mother is not
recommended.
Preparation: 10 mg Tablet, 5 mg/5 ml Syrup, 2.5 mg/ml Pediatric Drops.

2. Almex
Active Ingredient: Albendazole.
Indication: Single or mixed intestinal infections caused by various helminthes.
Dosage & Administration: 12 to 24 months: 200 mg as a single dose (Half of Almex 400 tablet
or 5 ml Almex suspension). Adults & children (over 2 years): Ascariasis, enterobiasis,
trichuriasis & hookworm infestation - 400 mg (One Almex 400 tablet or 10 ml Almex
suspension) single dose. Strogyloidiasis or taeniasis - 400mg once daily for three consecutive
days. Giardiasis - 400 mg once daily for five days. Hydatid disease (Echinococcosis) - 400 mg
twice daily for 28 days. For cystic echinococcosis the 28-days course may be repeated after 14
days without treatment to a total of three treatment cycles. For alveolar echinococcosis, 400 mg
twice daily for 28 days followed by 14 days without treatment may need to continue for months
or years.

Contraindication & Precaution:

Should only be used in the treatment of echinococcosis if there is constant medical supervision
with regular monitoring of serum transaminase concentrations and of leucocyte and platelet
counts.

Side Effect: Epigastric pain, diarrhoea, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, constipation,
pruritis & dry mouth.

Use in Pregnancy & Lactation: Should not be administered during pregnancy & in women
thought to be pregnant.
Pediatric Use: For children of 12 months & above.
Preparation: 400 mg Tablet & 200 mg / 5ml Suspension.
 3. Ambrox
Active Ingredient: Ambroxol.
Indication: Productive cough, Acute and chronic inflammatory disorders of upper and lower
respiratory tracts associated with viscid mucus including acute and chronic bronchitis, laryngitis,
Pharyngitis, sinusitis and rhinitis associated with viscid mucus, Asthmatic bronchitis, bronchial
asthma with thick expectoration, Bronchiectasis, Chronic pneumonia.

Dosage and Administration: Paediatric Drops: 0 - 6 months old - 0.5 ml, 2 times a day, 6 - 12
months old - 1 ml, 2 times a day, 1 - 2 years old -1.25 ml, 2 times a day. Syrup: 2 -5 years old -
2.5 ml (1/2 teaspoonful), 2-3 times a day, 5 - 10 years old - 5 ml (1 teaspoonful), 2-3 times a day,
10 years old and adults - 10 ml (2 teaspoonful), 3 times a day. Ambrox 75 SR Capsule: Adults
and children over 12 years old - 1 capsule, once daily
Side Effect: Epigastric pain, stomach overfill feeling may occur occasionally.
Rarely eruption, urticaria or angioneurotic edema has been reported.
Contraindication and Precaution:
Known hypersensitivity to Ambroxol or Bromhexine. Should be given cautiously to patients
with gastric and duodenal ulceration or convulsive disorders. Patients with hepatic and renal
insufficiency should take it with caution.

Drug Interaction: Ambroxol should not be taken simultaneously with antitussives (e.g.
Codeine).
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation: It is advised not to use in pregnancy, especially during the1st
trimester. Safety during lactation has not been established yet.
Preparation: 6 mg/ml Paediatric Drops, 15 mg/5 ml Syrup, 75 mg SR Capsule.

4. Amlosart
Active Ingredient: Amlodipine + Olmesartan.
Indication: Hypertension, alone or with other antihypertensive agents. It can be used as initial
therapy.
Dosage & Administration: One tablet (5/20 mg) once daily. Maximum dose two tablets (10/40
mg) once daily. May be taken with or without food.
Contraindication & Precaution:
Contraindication: Hypersensitivity to any of the component of this combination product.
Precaution: When pregnancy is detected, this combination drug should be discontinued as soon
as possible. Symptomatic hypotension may occur after initiation of therapy. Exercise caution,
when administering this combination, particularly in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Patients
may develop increased frequency, duration, or severity of angina or acute MI on starting calcium
channel blocker therapy or at the time of dosage increase. Patients with Congestive Heart

Failure: Calcium channel blocker should be used with caution in patients with Impaired Renal
Function / Hepatic Impairment/ congestive heart failure.

Side Effect: Edema, dizziness, flushing, palpitation, vomiting, diarrhoea, rhabdomyolysis,

alopecia, pruritus, urticaria etc.

Drug Interaction: No significant drug interactions have been observed when used individually
or in combination.
Use in Pregnancy & Lactation: Not recommended.
Use in Children: Safety and effectiveness have not been established.
Preparation: Amlodipine 5 mg + Olmesartan 20 mg Tablet.

5. Amodis 500 IV
Active Ingredient: Metronidazole.
Indication: Amodis 500 IV is indicated in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections in which
anaerobic bacteria have been identified. It is indicated in:
1. The prevention of postoperative infections due to anaerobic bacteria
2. The treatment of septicaemia, bacteraemia, peritonitis, brain abscess, necrotizing pneumonia,
osteomyelitis, puerperal sepsis, pelvic abscess, pelvic cellulites, and post operative wound
infections from which pathogenic anaerobes have been isolated.
Dosage & Administration: Amodis 500 IV should be infused intravenously at an approximate
rate of 5 ml/min. Oral medication should be substituted as soon as feasible.
Treatment for 7 days should be satisfactory for most patients, but the physician might decide to
prolong treatment.
For bacterial infections:
Adults: 500 mg (100 ml) 8 hourly.
Children: 7.5 mg/kg (1.5 ml/kg) 8 hourly.
For treatment before and during surgery: Adults: 500 mg (100 ml) shortly before operation,
repeated 8 hourly Children: 7.5 mg/kg (1.5 ml/kg) 8 hourly.
Side Effect: Pain, tenderness, redness or swelling over vein in which the medicine is given.
Other side Effects are unsteadiness, fever or chills, sore throat, headache, numbness, tingling
pain or weakness in the hands or feet, pain, seizures, skin itching, unusual tiredness or weakness,
vaginal irritation or discharge.
Drug Interaction: Metronidazole shows drug interaction with the following: alcohol or alcohol-
containing beverages, barbiturates, carbamazepin, cimetidine, disulfiram, fluorouracil, lithium,
methadone, phenytoin, warfarin etc.

Use in pregnancy & lactation:

Studies have not been done in humans. Metronidazole has not been shown to cause birth defects
in animal studies; however, use is not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy. Use
is not recommended in nursing mothers since metronidazole passes into the breast milk.
Precaution: Metronodazole should be given with caution in the following conditions- anaemia
or other blood disorders, liver disease, disease of nervous system, seizures etc.
Preparation: 100 ml solution of Metronidazole for intravenous infusion.
Why Firms engages in International Trade??

1. Managing the product life cycle:

All companies have products, which pass through different stages of their life cycles. After the
product reaches the last stage of the life cycle called the declining stage inone countries, it is
important for the company to identify other countries where the whole cycle process could be
enchased. For example, Enfield India reached maturity and declining stage in India for the 350
cc motorcycle. The company entered Kenya, West Indies, Mauritius and other destinations
where the heavy engine two-wheeler became popular. The Suzuki 800 cc vehicle reached the last
stage of its life cycle in Japan and entered India in the early 1980s, where it is still doing good
business today. HP laptops are moving all the developing countries the moment they reached
maturity in the U.S. market.

2. Geographic expansion as a growth strategy:

Even if companies expand their business at home, they may still look overseas for new markets
and better prospects. For example, Arvind mills expanded their business by either setting up
units or opening warehouses abroad. Ranbaxys growth is mainly attributed to geographic
expansion every year to new territories. Arobindo Pharma, Ciplaand Dr. Reddys follow the
same.

3. The adventurous spirit of the younger generation

The younger generation of business families has considerable International exposure. They are
willing to take risks and challenges And also create opportunities for their business. Laxmi
Mittal has emerged as the steel king of the world and Vijay Mallya of the UB Group took a
major risk in setting up operations in South Africa. Kumar Birla expands to Australia and Europe
through acquisitions.

4. Corporate ambition:
Every corporate in the country has strategic plans to multiply its sales turnover. In case some of
the ventures fail, others will offset the losses because of multi-location operations. For example,
Coco Cola is still today not earning any profit in a number of countries. But this will not affect
the company because more than a hundred countries are contributing to offset losses. Kellogge
cannot think of profits in India for further five years. They are ambitious to be visible and then
revenue.

5. Technology advantage:
Some companies have outstanding technology through which they enjoy core competency. There
isa need for such technology in all countries. Biocon, Infosys, Gharda chemicals are known for
their core competency in biotechnology, IT and pesticides respectively and a huge demand exists
throughout the world for their technology. Thermax, Ion Exchange, Bharat Heavy Electricals and
Larsen &Toubro have marched ahead in International business.

6. Building a corporate image

Prior to profits and revenue generation, many companies first build their corporate image abroad.
Once the image is built, generating revenues is a comparatively easy task. Samsung and LG built
their image in India for the first three years and generation of revenue and profits has been
considerable, as they have expanded to semi-urban and rural India as well. Today their market
share and penetration levels have gone far ahead of other players in India.

7. Incentives and business impact

Companies, which are involved in international business, enjoy fiscal, physical and
infrastructural incentives while they setup business in the host country. The Aditya Birla Group
enjoyed such incentives in Thailand and Indonesia. All such incentives contribute to the
company to enjoy multiple advantages like economies of scale, access to import inputs,
competitive pricing and aggressive promotion.

8. Labor advantage
Many companies have a highly productive labor force. Their unique skills may not be available
throughout the world. Manufacturing units in India have consistently performed well, whether in
a diamond industry, handicraft, woodwork or leather. Companies nurture the skills of the artisans
and win world markets. Knitwear, handlooms, embroidery, metal ware, carpet weaving, cashew
processing and seafood call forecast-effective labor force. India is endowed with such skills.
 9. New business opportunities
Many companies have entered in to business abroad, seeing unlimited opportunities. National
foreign trade policy emphasizes focus markets. Enormous amount of growth potential is
untapped in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, CIS countries and China.

CONCLUSION:
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd. is the largest and leading company in the pharmaceuticals
industry for more than four decades by manufacturing quality products. It diversified in
different area and sector of the local business field. The other square concerns are as
pharmaceuticals, toiletries, garments, textiles, information technology, health products, food
products, hospitals etc. The company always concerns with the quality of the product for their
customer and also increases the profit for its shareholder and stockholder by exporting goods.