Electromagnetic induction and alternating current

One Mark Questions

Why capacitor is used in the primary circuit of an induction coil
1
2 Define Self-inductance of coil. Write its SI unit.
3 Define one Henry
4 What is induced emf?
5 State Lenzs law.
Two Marks Question
1 a) Explain the term Reactance and impedance as applied to component of an ac
circuit.
b) Peak value of emf of an ac source is E0. What is the rms value?
2 Mention the factors on which the resonant frequency of series LCR circuit depends.
Plot a graph showing variation of impedance of a series LCR circuit with the frequency
of the applied ac source.
3 The emf of cell is always greater than its terminal voltage. Why? Give reason.
4 What is meant by wattless current?
5 What are eddy currents? Write two applications of eddy currents
Three Marks Questions
1 If the number of solenoid is doubled, keeping the other factor constant, how does the
self inductance of the solenoid change?
2 In series LCR circuit L=5H,C=2F and R=40 connected to a variable frequency
240V source. Calculate
1) The angular frequency of the source which derives the circuit at resinance.
2) The current at the resonating frequency.
3) The rms potential drop across the capacitor at resonance.

3 A series LCR circuit is connected to an a.c. source. Using the phasor diagram, derive
the expression for the impedance of the circuit.
4 State the principle of working of a transformer. Can transformer be used to step up or
step down a d.c. voltage? Justify your answer.
5 a) State the law that gives the polarity of the induced emf.
b) A 15.0F capacitor is connected to 220v, 50Hz source. Find the capacitive
reactance and the rms value.

Four Marks Question (value Based)

1 A) A coil is connected to glow voltage bulb B and placed near another coil P. Give
reason to explain the following observations:
1) The bulb B lights.
2) Bulb gets dimmer if the coil Q is moved towards left.
B) At an airport, a person is made to walk through the doorway of metal detector ,
 for security reasons. If the person is carrying anything made of metal, the
detector emits sound. On what principle does this detector work. Explain.
2 A) In any AC circuit, is the applied instantaneous voltage equal to the algebraic
sum of the instantaneous voltages across the series elements of the circuit?
Is the same true for the rms voltage?
B) A solenoid is connected to a battery so that the steady current flows through
it . If an iron core is inserted into the solenoid, will the current increase or
decrease? Explain.
Five Marks Questions
1 a) Draw a schematic diagram of step up transformer .Explain its working
principle. Deduce the expression for the secondary to the primary voltage in
terms of the number of turns in two coils. In an ideal transformer, how is the
ratio related to the currents in the two coils?
b) How is the transformer used in the large scale over long distance.

2 State working principle of A.C. generator with the help of a labeled diagram.
Derive an expression for the instantaneous value of the emf induced in the coil.
Why is the emf maximum when the plane of the armature is parallel to the magnetic
field.
3 A) Define the term mutual induction.
Deduce the expression for the mutual induction of two long coaxial solenoids
having different number of turns.
B) A light is rated at 125 W for a 250 V a. c. supply. Calculate the resistance of
the bulb.
4 a) Obtain the expression for the magnetic energy stored in a solenoid in erms of
magnetic field B, area A, and length l of the solenoid.
b) How does this magnetic energy compare with the electrostatic energy stored ina
capacitor?
c) Current in the circuit falls from 5A to 0.0 A in 0.1 s. If an average emf of 200 V
induced, give an estimate of the self-inductance of the circuit.
5 a)State Faradays law of electromagnetic induction.
b)Derive an expression for the impedance of an ac circuit consisting of an inductor and
resistor.
Answer Key
One Marks Question
1 to avoid sparks due to high induced voltage. 1
2 Correct definition of self induction 1
Correct definition of henry 1
3
4 Correct definition of emf 1
5 Correct statement of Lenzs law 1
Two Marks Question
1 Correct definition of reactance and impedance 1/2+1/2+1
Erms =E0/2
2 Value of inductance L and capacitance C 1+1
Correct graph with proper caption
3 Because of potential drop across the cell due to its small internal resistance. 2
4 Correct explanation 1+1
5 Correct definition of Eddy current 1+1/2+1/2
Two applications
Three Marks Questions
1 It becomes 4 times greater ; correct explanation 1+2
2 i)0=1/LC = 50 rad/s
ii)Z=R=40 1+1+1
i0=V0/R = 62
iii)Vc=irms X Xc = 15kV
3 Phasor diagram 1+1+1
Z=[R2 +(XL - Xc)2]1/2
Correct resonance graph
4 Correct working principle of transformer.
No 1+1+1
Explanation
5 Correct statement of Flemings left hand rule
Xc =1/c = 1/2fc =2.1 X 102 1+1+1
Irms= Vrms/Z = Vo/2 XZ
Four Marks Questions
1 a)Due to mutual induction an induced emf and hence an induced current start 4
flowing through the bulb and it lights
b) As magnetic flux linked with the coil Q will decrease if it is moved
towards left, the bulb set dimmer.
2 Metal det3ector works on the principle of resonance in ac circuit If a piece of 4
metal is present in the impedance of the circuit changes causing change in
current in the circuit. Which is high Thus alarm can be raised.
Five Marks Questions
1 a)Correct diagram with proper labeling of transformer 1+1+2+1
Correct explanation of working principle of transformer
Derivation of Es / Ep =Ip/Is =Ns/Np
 b)Power output of electrical generator is fed to suitable step up transformer
which raise the voltage top desired limit.
2 Correct labeled diagram 1+1+2+1
Correct explanation of working principle of A.C. generator
Derivation of e= - N d /dt = NBA sin t
Emf is maximum because coil is parallel to the field

3 a)Correct definition of mutual induction 1+2+2

Starting from the equation of magnetic flux = B.dA
to emf = BA sin t
b)R = (Vrms)2/Pav= 500

4 a)correct derivation of magnetic energy per unit volume = Ub/V = B2/2o 2+2+1
b)electrostatic energy = oE2
c)e = - L I/t hence L = - 200/(5/0.1) = 4H

5 Correct two statements of Faradays law 2+1+2

Phasor diagram
V= I R2+ XL2