PRAKATA

Puji syukur senantiasa terucapkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas rahmat dan
kebaikan-Nya kami dapat menyelesaikan Laporan Praktikum Mikrobiologi Industri berjudul
Pemeriksaan Air dan Pemindahan Bakteri secara Aseptis (PA dan PSA) dengan baik.
Penulis menyadari bahwa tanpa bantuan dan kerjasama dari berbagai pihak, maka
laporan ini tidak akan terselesaikan. Oleh karena itu dalam kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan
terimakasih kepada Dr.-Ing. Silviana, S.T., M.T. selaku dosen pengampu materi PA dan PSA
serta asisten Muthia Hanif sebagai asisten pembimbing praktikum PA dan PSA.
Penulis berharap laporan mengenai PA dan PSA ini dapat bermanfaat dan menambah
wawasan bagi segenap pembaca umumnya. Penulis menyadari bahwa laporan ini masih jauh
dari sempurna, oleh karena itu kritik dan saran dari berbagai pihak sangat diharapkan untuk
menuju kesempurnaan laporan ini.

Semarang, 2017

Penyusun

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 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .................................................................................................. ii

PRAKATA ................................................................................................................................ iii
RINGKASAN ........................................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................................ viii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................................ ix
PA
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang............................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ...................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ....................................................................................................... 1
1.4 Manfaat Praktikum ..................................................................................................... 2
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1 Mikroorganisme Air ................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Persyaratan Standarisasi Kualitas Air Bersih ............................................................. 3
2.3 Sifat Koloni ................................................................................................................ 10
2.4 Faktor yang Mempengaruhi ....................................................................................... 12
2.5 Perhitungan Jumlah Koloni ........................................................................................ 12
2.6 Growth Rate dan Doubling Time................................................................................ 13
2.7 Desinfektan Betadine.................................................................................................. 14
BAB III METODE PRAKTIKUM
3.1 Rancangan Praktikum
3.1.1 Skema Rancangan Percobaan ........................................................................... 15
3.1.2 Variabel Operasi ............................................................................................... 15
3.2 Bahan dan Alat yang Digunakan
3.2.1 Bahan ................................................................................................................ 16
3.2.2 Alat ................................................................................................................... 16
3.3 Gambar Alat ............................................................................................................... 16
3.4 Prosedur Praktikum .................................................................................................... 17
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
4.1 Pengaruh Jenis Media terhadap Jumlah Koloni ......................................................... 19
4.2 Pengaruh Jenis Media terhadap Growth Rate dan Doubling Time............................. 20
4.3 Pengaruh Konsentrasi Betadine terhadap Radius Rata-Rata Pertumbuhan ............... 21
BAB V PENUTUP
5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................................. 22

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 5.2 Saran ........................................................................................................................... 22
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................................... 23
PSA
RINGKASAN ........................................................................................................................... x
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang............................................................................................................ 24
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ...................................................................................................... 24
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ....................................................................................................... 25
1.4 Manfaat Praktikum ..................................................................................................... 25
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1 Metode Sterilisasi ....................................................................................................... 26
2.2 Aspergillus Niger ........................................................................................................ 27
BAB III METODE PRAKTIKUM
3.1 Rancangan Praktikum
3.1.1 Skema Rancangan Percobaan ........................................................................... 29
3.1.2 Variabel Operasi ............................................................................................... 29
3.2 Bahan dan Alat yang Digunakan
3.2.1 Bahan ................................................................................................................ 29
3.2.2 Alat ................................................................................................................... 29
3.3 Gambar Alat ............................................................................................................... 30
3.4 Prosedur Praktikum .................................................................................................... 30
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
4.1 Pengaruh Suhu terhadap Pertumbuhan Aspergillus niger .......................................... 31
4.2 Teknik Pemindahan Bakteri dengan Metode Pengenceran ........................................ 31
BAB V PENUTUP
5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................................. 32
5.2 Saran ........................................................................................................................... 32
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................................... 33
LAMPIRAN

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 DAFTAR TABEL

PA
Tabel 2.1 Syarat Fisika .............................................................................................................. 4
Tabel 2.2 Syarat Kimia Anorganik ............................................................................................ 4
Tabel 2.3 Syarat Kimia Organik ................................................................................................ 5
Tabel 2.4 Syarat Mikrobiologi ................................................................................................... 5
Tabel 2.5 Syarat Radioaktivitas ................................................................................................. 6
Tabel 2.6 Parameter Wajib ........................................................................................................ 6
Tabel 2.7 Parameter Tambahan ................................................................................................. 7

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

PA
Gambar 2.1 Contoh perhitungan manual koloni pada petridish ................................................ 13
Gambar 2.2 Pengambilan sampel air gedung B Teknik Kimia Universitas Diponegoro .......... 15
Gambar 3.1 Skema rancangan uji koloni . ................................................................................. 15
Gambar 3.2 Skema rancangan uji desinfektan . ......................................................................... 15
Gambar 3.3 Beaker glass . ......................................................................................................... 16
Gambar 3.4 Pipet tetes . ............................................................................................................. 16
Gambar 3.5 Petridish. ................................................................................................................ 16
Gambar 3.6 Pengaduk. ............................................................................................................... 16
Gambar 3.7 Kompor Listrik ....................................................................................................... 16
Gambar 3.8 Erlenmeyer ............................................................................................................. 16
Gambar 4.1 Grafik hubungan waktu terhadap jumlah koloni pada jenis media yang berbeda . 19
Gambar 4.2.1 Grafik pengaruh jenis media terhadap growth rate ............................................ 20
Gambar 4.2.2 Grafik pengaruh jenis media terhadap doubling time ........................................ 20
Gambar 4.3 Grafik hubungan konsentrasi (%V) terhadap jarak rata-rata radius pada sampel
PDA............................................................................................................................................ 21

PSA
Gambar 2.1 Jamur Aspergillus niger ......................................................................................... 28
Gambar 3.1 Skema rancangan praktikum PSA ......................................................................... 29
Gambar 3.2 Kawat osse ............................................................................................................. 30
Gambar 3.3 Beaker glass . ......................................................................................................... 30
Gambar 3.4 Pipet tetes. .............................................................................................................. 30
Gambar 3.5 Gelas ukur .............................................................................................................. 30
Gambar 3.6 Kompor Listrik ....................................................................................................... 30
Gambar 3.7 Petridish ................................................................................................................. 30
Gambar 4.1 Pertumbuhan Aspergillus Niger pada media PDA dengan suhu 10C (kulkas),
37C (inkubator), dan 28C (ruang aseptis) ............................................................................... 31

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 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Laporan Sementara ................................................................................................................. A-1

Lembar Perhitungan ................................................................................................................ A-2
Kuantitas Reagen .................................................................................................................... A-3
Referensi .................................................................................................................................. A-4

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