GEOLOGICAL OF THE BAUCAU

QUADRANGLE
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STRATIGRAPHY
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The stratigraphic unit of Baucau geological map as below;

Qa ALLUVIAL; loose sediments, clay to boulder sized, Holocene to Recent in age, up to
10 m thick.

Qs SUAI FORMATION; Weakly consolidated coastal deposits consisting of cobble,

sand and silt, contain foraminifera and molusc fossils, supposed to be Late Pleistocene
Recent on the basis of the stratigraphic position and the gentle deformation, it was
deposited I the litoral to epineritic environments. Approximately 600 meter thick.

Qps SUREBECO FORMATION; limestone, thicly bedded, contains gastropods and

algae fossils, locally are found travertine and chalky limestone. The unit is Pleistocene to
Recent in age and it was deposited in a lacustrine environment. Thickness up to 20 meter.

Qpb BAUCAU LIMESTONE; Coral reef with alternations of calcarenite;

unconformably overlies the Viqueque Formation suggesting Pleistocene Recent in age;
with shallow marine depositional environment, thickness up to 100 meter.

Qpa AINARO FORMATION; Old river deposits forming terraces; consists of polymict
conglomerate, sand and clay; weakly consolidated, based on stratigraphic position
supposed to be Pleistocene in age; approximately 100 meter thick.

Qtv VIQUEQUE FORMATION; Marly conglomerate, thinly bedded claystone with

intercalations of chalky limestone, tuff, silt and sandstone; a lot of foraminifera in marl
and sandstone; Pliocene Pleitocene in age, deposited in a lithoral to epineric
environment, more than 800 meter thick.

Qtb BOBONARO FORMATION; Chaotic rock with scaly clay matrix and blocks of
older rock, possibly Upper Miocene to Recent in age, contains foraminifera. It was
deposited in deep marine environment. Thickness of unit is different from one to another
places.
Tps SEKOTO FORMATION; Clayey marl, grey and white coloured, consist of block of
Viqeuqeu Formation, contain foraminifera, Pliocene in age. It was deposited in a deep see
environment. Thickness of the unit is more than 20 meters.

Tpd DILOR FORMATION; Poorly sorted conglomerates and sandstone, abundant of

fragment of Lolotoi Formation, contain foraminifera, Pliocene in age. It was deposited in
an epineritic to deltaic environments; thickness up to 300 meter.

Tml LARIGUTI FORMATION; Calcarenite and reefel limestone with bioherm

structures, contents of foraminifera, Late Miocene in age. It was deposited in an epineritic
environment. The thickness of the unit is up to 75 meters.

Tmc CABLAC FORMATION; Calcilutite, oolitic, calcarenite and conglomeratic

limestone, contain foraminifera, Early Miocene in age. It was deposited in an epineritic
environment. Thickness of unit is more than 600 meters.

Tma ALIAMBATA FORMATION; Poorly bedded limestone, contains abundant

foraminifera, Early Miocene in age. It was deposited in a shallow marine environment.
Thickness of the unit is more than 100 meters.

Tob BARIQUE FORMATION; Agglomerate, basaltic tuff, lavas and contains of

limestone fragment derived from the Dartolu Formation, Oligocene in age. It was
depoited in an epineritic environment. Thickness of the unit is more than 300 meters.

Ted DARTOLU FORMATION; Thickly bedded, biocalcarenite, contain of foraminifera,

Eocene in age. It was deposited in an epineritic environment. Thickness of the unit is up
to 300 meters.

Kb BOROLALO FORMATION; Thickly bedded or massive limestone,with chert

intercalation and calcareous shale, contains of foraminifera, Cretaceous in age. It was
deposited in a deep sea environment. Thickness of the unit is more than 200 meters.

Jw WAILULI FORMATION; Dominated by sandstone, shale and limestone

intercalations contains belemnites and ammonites, Jurassic in age. It was deposited in a
shallow marine environment. Thickness of the unit is up to 1000 meters.

TRa AITUTU FORMATION; Well bedded calcilutite with chert nodules in some place,
locally calcarenite, shale and thin alterations of marl. Contains abundant radiolarian and
halobia fossils and minor ammonites, Late Triassic in age. It was deposited in an
epineritic environment. Thickness of the unit is more than 1.000 meters.

Pc CRIBAS FORMATION; Sandstone with clay ironstone nodules and limestone,

shale, contain Atomodesma fossil, Late Permian in age. It was deposited in an epineritic
environment. Thickness is up to 500 meters.

Pm FORMASI MAUBISE; Bedded biocalcarenite limestone and reefal limestone,

contains of abundant Crinoids, Algaes, Brachiopoda, Chepalopoda and Globiella foordii
(Etheridge), reddish colour, Early Permian in age, deposited in the shallow marine
environment, with thickness of the unit is up to 500 meters.

Pa ATAHOC FORMATION; Black shale with lamination structures and basaltic rock.
The lower part is massive and unfossilferous with intercalations of sandstones, massive
quartz and black shales, the upper part consist of basaltic lavas with amygdaloidal
textures, contain Trilobite fossil, Early Permian in age. It was deposited in the shallow
marine environment. Thickness of the unit is up to 500 meters.

pPl LOLOTOI FORMATION; Weakly-medium metamorphosed rocks from

sedimentary rock and gabrroic doleritic eruptive rock, consists of phyllites, schists and
gneisses, strongly fractured, pre-Permian in age, up to 1000 meter thick.
 Figure : Correlation Unit of Baucau Quadrangle Geological Map

TECTONICS
The Baucau quadrangle is located in the eastern part of Timor Island and is a part of
subduction zone between Australia Continent and Banda Arc subduction zone. The
collision occurred during Miocene Pliocene time the rock in Timor can be devided into
three lithotectonic units.

1. Parautochtonous of which derived from the Australian Continent.

 2. Allochtonous unit which is derived from the pre-collisional Banda forearc
3. Autochtonous unit which was deposited after the collision.

The Allochtonous units are not found in the baucau Quadrangle but it can be found in
the Dili, Kupang and Atambua Quadrangles. The Parautochtonous unit was deposited in
the Permian to Triassic times. In the Jurassic time, the Parautochtonous was deformed
to produce folds trending NE-SW. The Allochtonous unit was formed in the Cretaceous
to Miocene times. Tectonically, the Allochtonous units was transported and overlying
the Parautochtonous units in the Early Neogene time. The Autochtonous unit was
deposited on the Parautochtonous and allochtonous units since Late Miocene to Recent.

MINERAL AND ENERGY RESOURCES

The Baucau quadrangle has potential mineral and energy resources, as follow: Gold is
found in Ossu, Ossaola and Lacluta district. Copper is found in Ossaola and Lacluta
district. Ocer is found in Llliomar district. Phospat is found in Macaloso Mountain.
Travertine is found in Buruma district. Gypsum is found in Lalela district. Bentonite is
found in Venilale district. Oil and gas seeps occur in several places.