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CHEMISTRY

mkpyq;fs;> fhuq;fs; kw;Wk; cg;Gfs;

mkpyq;fs; ( Acids) - mrpl]; (Acidus) - Gspg;G RitAilaJ

( vLj;Jf;fhl;L: japh;> vYkpr;ir rhW> MuQ;R )

md;whl tho;tpy; gad;gLk; nghUl;fs; : tpdpfh;> Gsp> jf;fhsp

mrpl]; (Acidus) - ,yj;jPd; nkhopr;nrhy;

mkpyk; - fiury; epiyapy; i`l;u[d; madp jUtJ ( mhPdpa]; nfhs;if)

( H+) (,lg;ngaw;rp nra;aj;jf;f i`l;u [d;)

mkpyk; : fhpk mkpyk; ( jhtu tpyq;FfspypUe;J ngwg;gLtJ)

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: fdpk mkpyk; ( fdpkq;fspypUe;J ngwg;gLtJ)

fhpk mkpyk; -C- COOH njhFjp nfhz;l fhpk Nrh;kq;fs;

vLj;Jf;fhl;L: CH3 COOH, HCOOH

,aw;ifapy; fpilf;Fk; fhpk mkpyq;fs;:

tpdpfh; - mrpl;bf;mkpyk;

(Gspfhb)

vYkpr;ir - rpl;hpf; mkpyk;

jf;fhsp - Mf;rhypf; mkpyk;

jpuhl;ir - lhh;lhhpf; mkpyk;

ghy; - yhf;bf; mkpyk;

Mg;gps; - khypf; mkpyk;

ntz;nza; - gpA+l;hpf; mkpyk;

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vWk;G - ghh;kpf; mkpyk;

Gsp - lhh;lhhpf; mkpyk;

japh; - yhf;bf; mkpyk;

Fsph;ghdq;fs; - rpl;hpf; + Mf;rhypf; mkpyk;

fhh;Nghdpf; mkpyk; - CO2 Vw;wg;gl;l ePh; (H2 CO3)

fdpk mkpyk; - vLj;Jf;fhl;L: i`l;Nuh FNshhpf; mkpyk; ( HCL)

ry;gpA+hpf; mkpyk; (m) fe;j f mkpyk; (H2 SO4)

iel;hpf; mkpyk; (HNo3)

Ntjpg;nghUl;fspd; murd;- H2SO4 ( ry;gpA+hpf; (m) fe;j f mkpyk; )

Battery acid ( or ) kpd;fy mkpyk; - ePh;j;j H 2SO4

cumkpyk; (Fertilizer acid) - HNO3

fz;zhbia mhpf;Fk; mkpyk; - HF ( i`l;Nuh g;Shpf; mkpyk;)

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tapw;wpy; nrhpkhdj;jpw;F Ruf;Fk; mkpyk; - HCL

fdpk mkpyq;fs; mhpf;F k; jd;ik nfhz;l it

,uh[jpuhtfk; : mlh; HCL + mlh; HNO3 - 3:1 vd;w tpfpjj;jpy;

fhw;W}l;lg;gl;l Fsph;ghdk; - H2 CO3 fhh;Nghdpf; mkpyk;

mkpyj;jpd; gz;Gfs;:

Gspg;G RitAilait> mhpf;Fk; jd;ik cilait

nghJthf vy;y h mkpyq;fspYk; ,lg;ngah;r;rp nra;aj;jf;f i`l;u[d; ,Uf;Fk;.

mkpyq;fs; cNyhfq;fSld; tpidGhpe;J i`l;u [d; thAit ntspg;gLj;Jk;

mkpyq;fs; ePy ypl;k]; jhis rptg;ghf khw;Wk;

mkpyq;fs; gpdhg;jypd; epwq;fhl;b Ald; epwkw;wit nkj;jpy; MuQ;Rld; rptg;G

epwj;ijAk; jUk;

jq;fj;ij fiuf;fty;y mkpyk; - ,uh[jpuhtfk; ( mf;thhp[pah) ( HCL + HNO3)

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fhuq;fs; - Bases ( or ) Alkalics

ePhpy; fiuAk; fhuq;fs; - my;fyp]; ( Alkalies ) my;fyp muhgp thh;j;ij

Alkali vd;gJ kur;rhk;gy; - ,jpy; Nrhbak; kw;Wk; nghl;lhrpaj;jpd; fhh;gNdl;Lfs;

cs;sd

fhuq;fs; - fiurypy; i`l;uhf;i]L madpia (OH) ePUld; nfhLf;Fk; (mhPdpa];

nfhs;if top)

vLj;Jf;fhl;L: nuhl;bNrhlh> vhpNrhlh> Nrhlh ( ryitNrhlh) vhpnghl;lhR>

fh];b f; Nrhlh

fhuq;fs; tOtOg;ghdit> frg;G RitAilait.

cNyhf Mf;i]Lfs; kw;Wk; i`l;uhf;i]Lfs; fhuq;fs; vdg;gLk;.

vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfs; :

fhuj;jpd; ngah; - gad;ghl;L ngah;

(Ntjpg;ngah;)
Nrhbak; i`l;uhf;i]L - fh];bf; Nrhlh ( vhpNrhlh)
nghl;lhrpak; i`l;u hf;i]L - fh];bf; nghl;lh\;

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fhy;rpak; i`l;u hf;i]L

nkf;dPrpak; i`l;uhf;i]L
- ePw;Wr; Rz;zhk;G
(Rz;zhk;G ePH)
- mkpyePf;fp
(nkf;dPrpak; ghy;kk;)
Nrhbak; kw;Wk; nghl;l hrpak; - Nrhg;G
i`l;uhf;i]bd; cg;Gfs; (fhuj;jd;ik cilaJ)
mNkhdpak; i`l;uhf;i]L - fz;zhb je;j k; nra;a

fhu Mf;i]Lfs;
fhy;rpak; Mf;i]L - Rl;lRz;zhk;G
nkf;dPrpak; Mf;i]L -
Nrhbak; fhh;gNdl; - ryit Nrhlh (Nrhlh)
Nrhbak; ig fhh;gNdl; - nuhl;bNrhlh
(+ lhh;lhhpf; mkpyk;)
Nrhbak; i`l;uhf;i]L - vhpNrhlh

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