Solidaire avec Europe

M. N. G. Einstein

11. November, 2017

Pour Europe

If there any questions, feel free to ask! Although I am usually not reachable.

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England
Solidaire avec Angleterre Jour I.

Solidaire avec Europe Premier Jour. As an easy entrance follows:

Numro douze
12. David Hume (07.05.1711 25.08.1776) A Treatise of Human Nature. In his
book A Treatise of Human Nature he brought up the induction problem, which
basically raises the question, when is it possible through induction of individual
cases to derive an universal valid law. This is so important, because it lead the
German philosopher Immanuel Kant to his conclusion in Epistemology.

Numro onze
11. Cynewulfs Christ An Eighth Century English Epic The only words nee-
ded are:

Eala earendel engla beorhtast,

Ofer middangeard monnum sended,
And sofsta sunnan leoma,
Torht ofer tunglas u tida gehwane,
Of sylfum e symle inlihtes,

Hail, heavenly beam, brightest of angels thou,

sent unto men upon this middleearth!
Thou art the true refulgence of the sun,
radiant above the stars and from thyself
illuminest for ever all the tides of time.

Numro dix
10. Old english very old indeed. The short quote from Cynewulfs Christ above
reveals (for the trained eye) already a deep connection within the (West) Germa-
nic branch of the indoeuropean language tree as modern English and Standard
German have a common ancestor. The word middan for example leads over the
centuries to middle in England and to mittel in Germany. Another word that
sticks right out is of course engla, which develops in English to angel and
Engel in German.

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Numro neuf
9. Alfred the Great (848/849 26.10.899) the only English monarch to be given
the epithet the Great (there is one other the Scandinavian Cnut the Great).
During the reign of Alfreds brothers he fought by his side, especially in the time
of the Viking invasion, which had varying outcomes. After becoming king himself
he organized the defence against the ongoing Danish invasion, but had to make
peace with them, which the Danes betrayed. With luck Alfred escaped the massa-
cre in Chippenham and made his way through marshes and swamps back, where
he started his counterattack that lead to victory. The important lesson here is:
to not give up ever!

Numro huit
8. James Clerk Maxwell (13.06.1831 05.11.1879) the first person to unify two
physical forces: the electrical and the magnetic force to the electromagnetic
with just the four following equations:

~ E
~ ~
= div E = 4
0

~ H
~ = 0 ~
div H = 0

~
H ~
1 H
~ E
~ = ~
rot E =
t c t
~
E ~
1 E 4
~ H
~ = 0~j + 0 0 ~
rot H = + ~j
t c t c

In establishing those equations Maxwell proved, that light is an electromagne-

tic wave and thus linked electricity, magnetism and optics. This is so important,
because without Maxwells equations there would not be the special theory of re-
lativity.

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Numro sept
7. Bertrand Russell (18.05. 1872 02.02.1970) Principia Mathematica. As the
foundational crisis hit mathematics at the beginning of the twentieth century,
Bertrand Russells achivement lies mostly in constructing a solid foundation for
the set theory of Zermalo and Fraenkel, which can be summed up in the following
way:

mathematics rests on an unshakable foundation that we call axioms,

independent of our subjective impressions.

M. N. G. Einstein

Here:

Theorem 0.1 54 43. `: . a, b 1. : a b = . . a b 2

Proof:

` . 54 26. `: . a = 0 x. b = 0 y. : a b 2. . x 6= y.

[51 231] . 0 x 0 y = .

[13 12] . ab= (1)

` .(1). 11 11 35.

`: .(x, y). a = 0 x. b = 0 y. : a b 2. . ab= (2)

` .(2). 11 54. 52 1. ` .

is an example of his work. It states that one plus one is two by pure logic.

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Numro six
6. Sir Thomas More (07.02.1478 06.07.1535) Moriae encomium. He was known
for his intelligence and his incredible good counsel. Moreover he stood up for a hu-
manism, which influenced him to write his book De optimo statu rei publicae
deque nova insula Utopia, already foreseeing that communism cannot hold in way
without exploitation. The impact was so significant, that all novels based on an
invented and positive society is still called Utopia.

Numro cinq
5. Geoffrey Chaucer (1342/1343 25.10.1400) A Fourteenth Century Middle
English Classic. The only words needed are:

Whylom ther was dwellinge at Oxenford,

A riche gnof, that gestes heeld to bord,
And of his craft he was a Carpenter.
With him ther was dwellinge a povre scoler,
Had lerned art, but al his fantasye,
Was turned for to lerne astrologye,
And coude a certeyn of conclusiouns,
To demen by interrogaciouns,
If that men axed him in certein houres,
Whan that men sholde have droghte or elles shoures,
Or if men axed him what sholde bifalle,
Of every thing, I may nat rekene hem alle.

In Oxford there once lived a rich old lout,

Who had some guest rooms that he rented out,
And carpentry was this old fellows trade.
A poor young scholar boarded who had made,
His studies in the liberal arts, but he,
Had turned his fancy to astrology,
And knew the way, by certain propositions,
To answer well when asked about conditions,
Such as when men would ask in certain hours,
If they should be expecting drought or showers,
Or if they asked him what was to befall,
Concerning such I cant recount it all.

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Numro quatre
4. British languages a testimony of history. There are quite a number of langua-
ges spoken around Britain, which are part of the indoeuropean language tree:
West (major part/branch of the Germanic arch)

. () Old Saxon
() Middle Low German
Low German
. AngloFrisian (a branch of the West Germanic arch)
() Old English
 () Middle English
 English
 Scots
 () Yola
() Old Frisian
 North Frisian
 Saterland Frisian
 West Frisian
. Old High German
..
.

Low Franconconian (a branch of the West Germanic arch)

. East (a subbranch of Low Franconconian)

..
.
. West (a subbranch of Low Franconconian)
..
.

Celtic (a separate branch of the indoeuropean language tree)

. Continental
() Celtiberian
() Galatian
() Gaulish
() Lepontic
() Noric

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 . Insular
Goidelic
 Irish Gaelic
 () Manx Gaelic
? Revived Manx Gaelic
 Scots Gaelic
Brythonic
 () British
 () Ivernic
 () Pictish

This is a direct consequence of the history of the Island of Britain. First the Celts
inhabited and build settlements, which then got into conflict with the Romans
as their conquest for Britain began. The collapse/withdraw of the Romans lead
then to the AngloSaxon settlement of Britain, a collection of various Germanic
people, which fought against the Franks/French, Vikings, Normans and Scots in
the years to come; and each one brought their own language with them. Hence,
those who succeed and stayed enriched the language tree a bit.

Numro trois
3. Magna Carta Libertatum the Great Charter of the Liberties. The birth of one
of the most important pieces of legislation. It was granted/agreed upon to by King
John of England at Runnymede, near Windsor, on 15. June, 1215. That lead later
to the demand by Locke in the year 1690 in his book The second Treatise of Civil
Government to separate the powers into two estates: legislature and executive.
But it was not until Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu, who realised in
1748 as he wrote his book De lesprit des loix, that the freedom only exists, when
there is a (check and) balance between legislature, executive and judiciary, which
we know now as democracy.

&

Emmeline Pankhurst (14.07.1858 14.06.1928) what an incredible woman A

fight from 1872 (when Emmeline Pankhurst was only fourteen years old) to 02.
July, 1928 (eighteen days after her death) when women got finally the full right
to vote. Thus, we shall never forget her and the press who called her dismissively:
suffragette.

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Numro deux
2. James Watt (30.01.1736 25.08.1819) the father of the industrial revolution.
Although he is often perpetuated as the inventor of the steam engine, this is wrong.
He actually improved the steam engine to such a degree, that it was possible, that
all the work was done by a machine respectively by the steam. Thus, much more
powerful machines could be build. He also introduced the unity H(orse)P(ower)
(P(ferde)S(trke)) in order to being able to measure the power; and in his honor
the unity Watt is named after him.

Numro un
1. Isaac Newton (04.01.1643 31.03.1727) the father of modern science. Through
experiments he found out about the nature of light, he constructed the first te-
lescope, he came up with the idea that light is made of particles (finally settled
with Planck and Einstein E = m0 c2 = h), he found the three Newtons Laws of
Mechanics:
v = 0 F~ = 0

F~ = m~a

F~AB = F~BA

he found the Gravitational Law:

m1 m2
F~ = G 2
~r
and with it a new (physical) force, which was the first afterwards came the elec-
tromagnetic force, the weak and the strong interaction. Further, he established
together with Leibniz:

x+h x !
x+h
F (x + h) F (x) 1 1
lim = lim f (t) dt f (t) dt = lim f (t) dt
h0 h h0 h h0 h
x0 x0 x

which is the fundamental theorem of differential and integral calculus.

Until then! #JeSuisEurope

France, je taime. Paris, je tadore.

PS: If you see a spelling mistake, please let me know. I will take instantly care of it.

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PPS: A fun fact is, that King Harald V. of Norway is actually number seventythree
in the line to the British Throne! On that list are also royals from Germany, Sweden
and Denmark. This is how interconnected we are.