C.

Judicial Department
Judicial Independence
Art. VIII, Sec. 4 (1), 5, 2, 6, 11, 12, 10, 3
Art. XI, Sec. 2
Art. VI, Sec. 30
1. The Supreme Court
a. Composition
Art. VIII, Sec. 4
Art. VIII, Sec. 1
b. Appointment and Qualifications
Art. VIII, Sec. 7 (1)
Art. VIII, Sec. 8 (5)
Art. VIII, Sec. 9
Office of the Court Administrator vs. Estacion, Jr., AM No. RTJ-87-104, Jan 11, 1990, Aug 23, 1995
(Gutierrez vs. Belan, A.M. No. MTJ-95-1059, Aug 7, 1998)
J del Castillos Cases (Plagiarism), AM No. 10-7-17-SC, Oct 12, 2010, Feb 8, 2011
Jardeleza vs. Sereno, GR No. 213181, Aug 19, 2014, Jan 21, 2015
Kilosbayan vs. Ermita & Gregory Ong, GR No. 177721, July 3, 2007
Topacio vs. Ong, GR No. 179895, Dec 18, 2008
Dulay vs. JBC, GR No. 202143, July 3, 2012
*Umali vs. JBC, GR No. 228628, July 25, 2017
Villanueva vs. JBC, GR No. 211833, April 7, 2015
PS Bank vs. Senate Impeachment Court, GR No. 200238, Feb 9, 2012, Nov 20, 2012
Aguinaldo vs. Aquino III, GR No. 224302, Nov 29, 2016, Feb 21, 2017, Aug 8, 2017
c. Salary
Art. VIII, Sec. 10
Art. XVIII, Sec. 17
Art. VIII, Sec. 9 of the 1935 Constitution
Perfecto vs. Meer, GR No. L-2348, Feb 27, 1950
R.A. 590, Sec. 13
Endencia and Jugo vs. David, GR No. L-6355-56, Aug 31, 1953
Art. XV, Sec. 6, The 1973 Constitution
Nitafan vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, GR No. 78780, July 23, 1987
d. Security of Tenure and Reorganization
Art. VIII, Sec. 11,
Re: Allegations made under oath at the Senate Blue Ribbon Committee hearing held on Sept 26, 2013
Against Associate Justice Gregory Ong, Sandiganbayan, AM No. SB-14-21-J, Sept 23, 2014
Art. VIII, Sec. 2
De la Llana vs. Alba, GR No. L-57883, Mar 12, 1982
e. Removal
Art. VIII, Sec. 11
Art. XI, Sec. 2
In re: Raul Gonzales, AM No. 88-4-5433, Apr 15, 1988
f. Fiscal Autonomy
Art. VIII, Sec. 3
(Maritime Industry Authority vs. Commission on Audit, GR No. 185812, January 13, 2015)
Re: COA opinion on the computation of the appraised value of the properties purchased by the Retired
Chief/Associate Justices of the SC, AM No. 11-7-10-SC, July 31, 2012
g. Jurisdiction
Various Issues Involving the Courts and Their Jurisdictions
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 Rectification of Errors of Judgment
Control Enforcement of Courts Decisions
Echegaray vs. Secretary of Justice, GR No. 132601, Oct 12, 1998, Jan 19, 1999
Impairment of Judicial Power due to Prescription for Dispute Settlement
Phil. Veterans Investment Devt Corp vs. Velez, GR No. 84295, July 18, 1991
Investigation of Unjust Decisions of Court
Performance of Non-Judicial Functions
Unconstitutionality of Bills
Montesclaros vs. Commission on Elections, GR No. 152295, July 9, 2002
In The Matter of Save the Supreme Court Judicial Independence and Fiscal Autonomy Movement vs.
Abolition of Judiciary Development Fund (JDF) And Reduction of Fiscal Autonomy,
UDK-15143, January 21, 2015
Reversal of Legal Doctrine
Republic vs. Garcia, GR No. 167741, July 12, 2007
Jurisdiction of the Courts
Mantruste Systems, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, GR No. 86540-41, Nov 6, 1989
Jurisdiction of Sharia Courts
Municipality of Tangkal vs. Balindong, GR No. 193340, Jan 11, 2017
Principle of Hierarchy of Courts
Dynamic Builders & Construction Co. (Phil.), Inc. vs. Presbitero, Jr. GR No. 174202, April 7, 2015
Assoc. of Medical Clinics vs. GCC Approved Medical Centers, GR No. 207132, Dec 6, 2016
Aala vs. Uy, GR No. 202781, Jan 10, 2017
Principle of Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies
Doctrine of Non-Interference or Judicial Stability
(Tan vs. Cinco, GR No. 213054, June 15, 2016)
(Adlawan vs. Joaquino, GR No. 203152, June 20, 2016)
Del Rosario vs. Ocampo-Ferrer, GR No. 215348, June 20, 2016
CIR vs. Secretary of Justice, GR No. 177387, Nov 9, 2016
Disciplinary Authority over Lawyers in Government
Buffe vs. Gonzalez, AC No. 8168, Oct 12, 2016
Facturan vs. Barcelona, Jr., AC No. 11069, June 8, 2016
Flores-Salado vs. Villanueva, Jr., AC No. 11099, Sep 27, 2016
(1) Power of Judicial Review
Art. VIII, Sec. 5
Art. VIII, Sec. 1
Scope of the Judicial Power
(*Intestate Estate of Carmen de Luna vs. IAC, GR No. 72424, Feb 13, 1989)
(Francisco, Jr. vs. House of Representatives, GR No. 160261, Nov 10, 2003)
Daabay vs. Coca-Cola Bottlers Phils., Inc., GR No. 199890, August 19, 2013
Conditions for the Exercise of Judicial Review
In The Matter of Save the Supreme Court Judicial Independence and Fiscal Autonomy Movement vs.
Abolition of Judiciary Development Fund (JDF) And Reduction of Fiscal Autonomy,
UDK-15143, January 21, 2015
First Requisite: Actual Controversy
*Senate vs. Ermita, GR No. 169777, Apr 20, 2006, July 14, 2006
Suplico vs. NEDA, GR No. 178830, July 14, 2008
ISAAA vs. Greenpeace Southeast Asia (Philippines), GR No. 209271, December 8, 2015, July 26, 2016
Abayon vs. HRET, GR No. 222236, May 3, 2016
Republic vs. Harp, GR No. 188829, June 13, 2016
GMA vs. People, GR No. 220598, July 19, 2016, April 18, 2017
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 Second Requisite: Proper Standing
(1) Existence of Standing
Macalintal vs. Commission on Elections, GR No. 157013, July 10, 2003
*Philippine Constitution Association vs. Enriquez, GR No. 113105, Aug 19, 1994
Del Mar vs. PAGCOR, GR No. 138298, Nov 29, 2000, June 19, 2001, Aug 24, 2001
*Cruz vs. Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources, GR No. 135385, Dec 6, 2000
(*Francisco, Jr. vs. House of Representatives, GR No. 160261, Nov 10, 2003)
White Light Corp. vs. City of Manila, GR No. 122846, Jan 20, 2009
Purisima vs. Lazatin, GR No. 210588, Nov 29, 2016
Bayan Muna vs. Mendoza, GR No. 190431, Jan 31, 2017
(2) Absence of Standing
Tichangco vs. Enriquez, GR No. 150629, June 30, 2004
Cruz vs. DENR, GR No. 135385, Dec 6, 2000
Hontiveros-Baraquel vs. TRB, GR No. 181293, February 23, 2015
(3) Recent Cases
Almario vs. Executive Secretary, GR No. 189028, July 16, 2013
West Tower Condominium Corporation vs. First Philippine Industrial Corporation, GR No. 194239,
June 16, 2015
Kabataan Party-List vs. COMELEC, GR No. 221318, December 16, 2015
Third Requisite: Pleading at the Earliest Opportunity
*Matibag vs. Benipayo, GR No. 149036, Apr 2, 2002
La Bugal-BLaan Tribal Association, Inc. vs. Ramos, GR No. 127882, Jan 27, 2004, Dec 1, 2004
Estarija vs. Ranada, GR No. 159314, June 26, 2006
Serrano vs. Gallant Maritime Services, Inc., GR No. 167614, Mar 24, 2009
Moldex Realty, Inc. vs. HLURB, GR No. 149719, June 21, 2007
Applied Food Ingredients Company, Inc. vs. CIR, GR No. 184266, November 11, 2013
Fourth Requisite: Lis Mota
(*Francisco, Jr. vs. House of Representatives, GR No. 160261, Nov 10, 2003)
Political Questions Doctrine
International Catholic Migration Commission vs. Calleja, GR No. 85750, September 28, 1990
Gutierrez vs. House of Representatives Committee on Justice, GR No. 193459, Feb 15 2011,
Mar 8, 2011
Carpio-Morales vs. CA, GR No. 217126-27, November 10, 2015
Torrecampo vs. MWSS, GR No. 188296, May 30, 2011
(1) All Courts Can Exercise Judicial Review
(Ynot vs. IAC, GR No. 74457, Mar 20, 1987)
(2) Judicial Review and Political Questions
Art. VII, Sec. 18
Judicial Restraint
Jurisdiction Over Criminal Cases where Penalty Imposed is Reclusion Perpetua
Art. VIII, Sec. 5
Effects of Declaration of Unconstitutionality
CIR vs. San Roque Power Corp., GR No. 187485, Feb 12, 2013, Oct 8, 2013
Mirallosa vs. Carmel Development, GR No. 194538, Nov 27, 2013
Go vs. Bureau of Immigration, GR No. 191810, June 22, 2015
Film Development Council vs. Colon Heritage Realty Corp. GR No. 203754, June 16, 2015
CIR vs. Puregold Duty Free, GR No. 202789, June 22, 2015
Theory of Relative Unconstitutionality
Central Bank Employees vs. Bangko Sentral, GR No. 148208, Dec 15, 2004
h. Congressional Power over Jurisdiction of the SC
3
 Art. VIII, Sec. 2
Art. VIII, Sec. 5
Art. VI, Sec. 30
*Mantruste Systems, Inc. vs. CA, GR No. 86540-41, Nov 6, 1989
Applied Food Ingredients Company, Inc. vs. CIR, GR No. 184266, November 11, 2013
Cawad vs. Abad, GR No. 207145, July 28, 2015
Carpio-Morales vs. CA, GR No. 217126-27, November 10, 2015
The Supreme Courts Jurisdiction
Art. VIII, Sec. 5
Judiciary Act of 1948, Sec. 17
Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980 (BP129), Sec. 5 (3)
Art. VIII, Sec. 14
i. Administrative Powers/Rule-Making Power/Quasi-Judicial Work
(i) Supervision of Courts
In re: Undated Letter of Mr. Louis C. Biraogo, Petitioner in Biraogo vs. Nograles and Limkaichong,
GR. No. 179120, AM No. 09-2-19-SC, Feb 24, 2009
Re: Allegations made under oath at the Senate Blue Ribbon Committee hearing held on Sept 26, 2013
Against Associate Justice Gregory Ong, Sandiganbayan, AM No. SB-14-21-J, Sept 23, 2014
Art. VIII, Sec. 6
Ampong vs. CSC, GR No. 167916, August 26, 2008
(ii) Temporary Assignment of Judges
Art. VIII, Sec. 5 (3)
(iii) Order a Change of Venue
Art. VIII, Sec. 5 (4)
(iv) Discipline of Lower Court Judges
Art. VIII, Sec. 11
Office of the Court Administrator vs. Ruiz, AM No. RTJ-13-2361, Feb 2, 2016
Gamboa-Roces vs. Perez, AM No. MTJ-16-1887, Jan 9, 2017
(v) Appointment of Officials & Employees of the Entire Judiciary
Art. VIII, Sec. 5 (6)
j. Rule-Making
Art. VIII, Sec. 5 (5)
Baguio Market Vendors vs. Cabato-Cortes, GR No. 165922, Feb 26, 2010
Art. XVIII, Sec. 10
Re: Letter dated April 18, 2011 of Chief Public Attorney Persida Rueda-Acosta Requesting Exemption
from the Payment of Sheriffs Expenses, AM No. 11-10-03-0, July 30, 2013
Carpio-Morales vs. CA, GR No. 217126-27, November 10, 2015
Estipona vs. Lobrigo, GR No. 226679, Aug 15, 2017
Prior to 1987 Constitutions
A. Scope
*Javellana vs. DILG, GR No. 102549, Aug 10, 1992
B. Prohibitions Against Diminution of Substantive Rights
(*Tan vs. Bausch & Lomb, Inc., GR No. 148420, Dec 15, 2005)
*People vs. Mateo, GR No. 147678-87, July 7, 2004
*People vs. Lacson, GR No. 149453, May 28, 2002, Apr 1, 2003, Oct 7, 2003
C. Special Courts
Land Bank of the Philippines vs. De Leon, GR No. 143275, Sept 10, 2002, Mar 20, 2003
D. Quasi-Judicial Bodies
(Tan vs. Commission on Elections, GR No. 166143-47, Nov 20, 2006)
E. Regulation of Demonstrations
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 F. Requirements of International Agreements
G. Administrative Supervision over the Judiciary
Sinsuat vs. Hidalgo, AM No. RTJ-08-2133, Aug 6, 2008
Garcia vs. Miro, GR No. 167409, Mar 20, 2009
(Adlawan vs. Capilitan, AM No. P-12-3080, Aug 29, 2012)
Re: Request for Guidance/Clarification on Section 7, Rule III of Republic Act No. 10154 Requiring
Retiring Government Employees to Secure a Clearance of Pendency/Non-pendency of Case/s from the
CSC, AM No. 13-09-08-SC, October 1, 2013
Mamiscal vs. Clerk of Court, AM No. SCC-13-18-J, July 1, 2015
Contempt Powers over Constitutional Commissions
Practice of Professions
Art. XII, Sec. 14
Rule re Martial Law/Suspension of the Privilege of the Writ
Art. VII, Sec. 18
k. Contempt Power
l. No Quasi-Judicial & Administrative Work of Judges
Art. VIII, Sec. 12
Presidential Electoral Tribunal
Art. VII, Sec. 4, par. 7
R.A. 1793
Chief Justice as Presiding Officer in Presidential Impeachment Trial
Art. XI, Sec. 3 (6)
Chief Justice as Chair of the JBC
m. Report on the Judiciary
Art. VIII, Sec. 16
n. Manner of Sitting and Votes Required
Art. VIII, Sec. 4
Art. VIII, Sec. 11
Art. VII, Sec. 18
Art. VII, Sec. 4, par. 7
Firestone Ceramics vs. CA, GR No. 127022, Sept 2, 1999, June 28, 2000
Rule 56, Sec. 7, Rules of Court
Rule 125, Sec. 3, Rules of Court
o. Requirements as to Decisions
Art. VIII, Sec. 13
Art. VIII, Sec. 14
Art. VIII, Sec. 4, 11
Writing of the Decision
Section 14, Chapter 3, Book VII, Administrative Code of 1987
(Francisco vs. Permskul, GR No. 81006, May 12, 1989)
De Leon vs. People, GR No. 212623, Jan 11, 2016
South Cotabato Communications Corp. vs. Sto. Tomas, GR No. 217575, June 15, 2016
Minute Resolution
(Tayamura vs. Intermediate Appellate Court, GR No. 76355, May 21, 1987)
Komatsu Industries, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, GR No. 127682, Apr 24, 1998
Legal Basis for Resolutions
Nunal vs. Commission on Audit, GR No. 78648, Jan 24, 1989
Prudential Bank vs. Castro, AM No. 2756, June 5, 1986, Nov 12, 1987, Mar 15, 1988
Art. VIII, Sec. 14, par. 2
Art. VIII, Sec. 13
5
p. Mandatory Period for Deciding Cases
Art. VIII, Sec. 15
In re: Problem of Delays in Cases before the Sandiganbayan, AM No. 00-8-05-SC, Nov 28, 2001 and
Jan 31, 2002
Art. VII, Sec. 18
Art. XVIII, Sec. 12 14
Marcelino vs. Cruz, Jr., GR No. L-42428, Mar 18, 1983
Malacora vs. CA, GR No. L-51042, Sept 30, 1982
Flora vs. Pajarillaga, GR No. L-24806, Jan 22, 1980
Sesbreno vs. CA, GR No. 161390, April 16, 2008
Art. X, Sec. 11 (2) of the 1973 Constitution
Re: Complaint dated January 28, 2014 of Wenefredo Parreno, OCA IPI No. 14-220-CA-J,
March 17, 2015
Office of the Court Administrator vs. Tandinco, AM No. MTJ-10-1760, November 16, 2015
Court Administrator vs. Casalan, AM No. RTJ-14-2385, Apr 20, 2016
Bancil vs. Reyes, AM No. MTJ-16-1869, July 27, 2016
Cases Illustrating the Changing Decisions of the SC
2. Lower Courts
a. Qualifications and Appointment
Art. VIII, Sec. 7, 8 (5), 9
Composition
Judiciary Act of 1948
BP 129
Qualifications
Art. VIII, Sec. 7
Art. VIII, Sec. 13
Judicial Privilege
Rule 7, Section 3 of the Internal Rules of the Supreme Court (IRSC)
Senate vs. Ermita, GR No. 169777, Apr 20, 2006, July 14, 2006