SQC vs.

SPC Which is right for my manufacturing

process?
Both SQC and SPC play an important role in optimizing your operations so you can get the best result and most
efficient output. Here were going to dive into the identifiable differences between the two and what role they play in
the grand scheme of your manufacturing operations.
GREAT NEWS! We start off with the definitions, so if youre here simply for a technical explanation of what SPC and SQC are, than you are
in luck and this will be quick.

Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data.

Statistical tools is the application of statistics for the purpose of visualizing, identifying and predicting results based on the data collected.

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is the recording and measuring of the parameters of a process such as speed, pressure, caliper etc against a set of
standards using statistical methods to verify they are within required limits. Objective: Minimize variation and run to optimum target

Statistical Quality Control (SQC) is typically the measuring and recording of data against specific requirements for a product ensuring they meet the
necessary requirements size, weight, colour etc. Objective: Auditing process validating outputs from a process meet the requirements of the ultimate
customer or next stage of the manufacturing process.

Some believe that both items fit under the title SPC Manufacturing. That very well may be true but in a typical manufacturing facility there
are two distinct roles. Production makes the products and Quality Control/Assurance verifies the products manufactured meets the
requirements an auditing role.

SQC vs. SPC Why should I care?

Because they both play an integrated role in seeing you achieve operational success!
While the two roles exist in a facility there is a move to do more of the SQC validation directly to the manufacturing floor decreasing the time
lag between finding a problem and fixing it.

The important part of both of these responsibilities is to ensure that both roles are being performed and more importantly checking the right
parameters and measuring on the right frequency. This is where Statistical tools come into play and are very important. Applying statistical
tools to the data collected allows for the detection of immediate issues like being outside specification or control limits. These would be
detected based on the setting of these limits and measuring against them. This is done through the use of alarm-type screens like the Rule
Violation Screen in QW 5. It can also be observed using visual tools like the Control Chart Screen in QW 5.

The next set of statistical tools involve what is termed descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics are applied to a population of data and are
used to describe the data in that population. Statistics like Average, Mean, and Standard Deviation. QW 5 provides an extensive list of
these Statistics to select from to best suit any population of data collected in a QW 5 application. A key understanding of statistics is that
they act as indicators, like blood pressure and heart rate, to help diagnose or better understand the data collected.

Statistics are valuable representations of data that assist in the analysis and decision making process

Another valuable tool is Inferential Statistics which are still based on a population of data like Descriptive statistics but speculate based on
that population. An example would be the Descriptive statistic Observed Out of Specification where each data point in the population is
measured against fixed specification limits to determine the number that exceed the specification limits.

The inferential example would be the Calculated out of specification which is based on the volatility of the data. It speculates on whether
there would be more out of specification values found if more samples were taken. It can be used as a test on whether the testing
frequency is correct based on the variation detected in the data collected.

So in summary SPC is focused on minimizing variation in a process and running at target , while SQC, using similar tools, is the auditing
method of insuring outputs meet exact requirements.

Quality Window 5 provides an adaptable solution for both Statistical Process Control and Statistical Quality Control applications. In addition
its failure analysis capabilities to capture, analyze and eliminate productivity losses like Downtime, Defects and Waste making it the
complete cost effective solution for the manufacturing floor.
STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL
VERSUS STATISTICAL PROCESS
CONTROL (SQC VERSUS SPC)
In 1974 Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa brought together a collection of process improvement tools in his text Guide to Quality Control. Known around
the world as the seven quality control (7QC) tools, they are:

Causeandeffect analysis
Check sheets/tally sheets
Control charts
Graphs
Histograms
Pareto analysis
Scatter analysis

In addition to the basic 7QC tools, there are also some additional tools known as the seven supplemental (7SUPP) tools:

Data stratification
Defect maps
Events logs
Process flowcharts/maps
Progress centers
Randomization
Sample size determination
Statistical quality control (SQC) is the application of the 14 statistical and analytical tools (7QC and 7SUPP) to monitor
process outputs (dependent variables). Statistical process control (SPC) is the application of the same 14 tools to control
process inputs (independent variables). The figure below portrays these relationships.

SQC versus SPC

Design of experiments (DOE) and
analysis of variance (AOV or ANOVA)
Difference Between SPC and SQC
Categorized under Business | Difference Between SPC and SQC
SPC vs SQC
While consumers have the last say on the whether a certain product meets their specific needs
and quality specifications, manufacturers or producers make sure that their products are of good
quality and fit for distribution.

Every manufacturing company has a department assigned on quality control, a process wherein
all elements involved in the production of goods are reviewed to ensure that resulting products
are free from defects. They use statistical processes such as SQC and SPC for this.

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is the process of overseeing and controlling how a product is
produced using statistical methods in order to guarantee its quality and to ensure that the process
produces uniform products at minimum waste.

The use of SPC started in the early 1920s for the purpose of improving the quality of
manufactured products. It was later adapted and applied to processes other than manufacturing
like in software engineering.
While traditional quality control checks the products after production either passing or rejecting a
product basing on certain specifications, SPC checks the production process for flaws that may
lead to unacceptable products.
It stresses on early discovery and prevention of problems by utilizing tools such as control charts,
regular improvements, and designed experiments. This often leads to good-quality products, less
waste, and less time spent to produce the product. It starts with knowing and understanding the
production process through mapping out and frequent monitoring, determining variation causes
using designed experiments and other tools and removal of special cause variations.
This allows quality engineers to see what, when, and where in the production process a change
occurs so that they can immediately determine the cause of the variation or change and correct
any problems that arise before they become unmanageable.
SPC is one of the three categories of Statistical Quality Control (SQC). SQC is a statistical method
of analyzing variations in the manufacturing process in order to make it better and more effective.
Only a certain number of samples are needed to determine whether the products are acceptable.
It works by gathering important data from a specific sample size of a product being manufactured
and utilizing statistics to determine the outcome of the process. Any data acquired from this can
be used to develop and enhance the process.
Aside from SPC, the two other categories of SQC are descriptive statistics and acceptance
sampling. Descriptive statistics is used to describe the characteristics and relationships of quality
while acceptance sampling is the random inspection of products. With SQC, quality engineers can
set acceptable limits on manufactured products.

Summary:

1.SPC stands for Statistical Process Control while SQC stands for Statistical Quality
Control.
2.SQC refers to the use of statistical tools to analyze variations in the manufacturing process in
order to make it better while SPC is a category of SQC that also uses statistical tools to oversee
and control the production process to ensure the production of uniform products with less waste.
3.SPC checks the production process for flaws that may lead to low-quality products while SQC
uses a specific number of samples to determine the acceptability of a product.

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