1.

A 120V, 60HZ supply is connected across RL parallel circuit of resistance 10 ohm and
inductive reactance 4ohm.
a. Find the apparent power S, active power P, reactive power Q and the power factor
pf of the load.
b. If a 0.95 lagging power factor is desired, what capacitance (in F) should be
connected across the line to correct the power factor to the desired value.
c. Draw the power triangles before and after power factor correction.
Solution:
1 1
Z= = = 3.713968.2
1 1 0.1 - j0.25
-j
10 4
120 0
I= = 32.311- 68.2
A
3.7139 68.2
VI*==120
S = 0 *32.311 68.2 3877.3 68.2
=1440 + j3600 = P + jQ
P = 1440 w Q = 3600 var.
S = 3877.3VA
1440
p.f = = 0.3714
3877.3
or p.f = cos ( 68.2) = 0.3714.
pf New = cos fNew = 0.95
f New = cos -1 (0.95) = 18.2
Qcap 3126.7
\C = 2
= 2
= 5.76 10-4 F
WV 377 120
Power triangle:

For part (c ) to draw the power triangles before and after power factor correction refer Electrical
Power systems V.K.Metha.
 2. A single phase ac generator supplies the following loads-
a. Lighting Load of 20kW at unity power factor
b. Induction motor of 100kW at pf 0.707 lagging
c. Synchronous motor load of 50kW at pf 0.9 leading
Calculate the total KW and KVA delivered by the generator and the power factor at which
it works.
Solution:
Kw1 20
KVA1 = = = 20 KVA
Pf 1
Kw2 100
KVA2 = = = 141.4 KVA
Pf 0.707
Kw3 50
KVA3 = = = 55.6 KVA
Pf 0.9

Kvar1 = KVA1 Sin1 = 20x0 = 0

Kvar2 = KVA2 Sin2 = 141.4 x Sin(45) = -100 KVA

Kvar3 = KVA3 Sin3 = 55.6 x Sin(25.8) = 24.3 KVA

\ Kvar1 = 0; Kvar2 and Kvar3 opposite in phase and lagging voltage.

i. Total Kw = 20+100+50 = 170 kw

ii. Total KVAR = 0-100+24.3 = -75.7KVAr
Total KVA = (kw) 2 + ( KVAT ) 2 = 186KVA
Total kw 170
\ Pf = Total KVA = = 0.941 lag
186
\ Total Kvar is Lagging.

3. A 3-phase, 5KW induction motor has a p.f of 0.75 lagging. A bank of capacitors is
connected in delta across the supply terminals and p.f raised to 0.9lagging. Determine the
KVAR rating of the capacitors connected in each phase.
Solution:
Qcap = P(tan f - tan fnew )
Qcap = 5*103 *(0.8819 - 0.48)

Qcap = 2009.5Var
 4. An overhead 3-phase transmission line delivers 5000KW at 22KV at 0.8 pf lagging. The
resistance and reactance of each conductor is 4ohm and 6ohm respectively. Determine
a. Sending end voltage
b. Percentage regulation
c. Transmission efficiency
Solution:

Vs = (V cos f + IR) 2 + (V sin f + IX) 2

22000
V= = 12701.7V
3

5000*103
I= = 164A
3*12701.7 *0.8

Cosf = 0.8;Sinf = 0.6

Vs = (12701.7 *0.8 + 164*4) 2 + (12701.7 *0.6 + 164*6) 2 = 13822.51V

Vs - Vr 13822.51 - 12701.7
%R = = *100 = 8.82%
Vr 12701.7
Loss = 3* I 2 R = 3* ( 164 ) * 4 = 322752W
2

5000*103
%h = *100 = 93.94%
5000*103 + 322752
5. Estimate the distance over which a load of 15000KW at pf 0.8lagging can be delivered by
a 3-phase transmission line having conductors each of resistance 1ohm per kilometer. The
voltage at the receiving end is to be 132KV the loss in the transmission is to be 5%
Solution:
P 1500 103
I= = = 82 A
3VL Cos q 3 132 103 0.8
Line Loss = 5% = 0.05 1500 = 750 kw
Line loss = I 2 R
750 103 = 3 I 2 R = 3 ( 82 ) R
2

R = 37.18 W
R = 1W
Km
\Length = 37.18 Km.

6. Complex power of a power system is given as S = 300030ovA . Calculate real and

reactive power.
Solution:

S=2598.076+j1500
P= 2598.076 W
Q= 1500 var