Edexcel GCSE

Mathematics A Linear
Higher
REVISION
WORKBOOK
Series Director: Keith Pledger Authors: Julie Bolter,
Series Editor: Graham Cumming Gwenllian Burns, Jean Linsky

The Edexcel Revision Series

These revision books work in combination with Edexcels main GCSE Mathematics 2010 series.
The Revision Guides are designed for independent or classroom study. The Revision Workbooks
use a write-in format to provide realistic exam practice.

Specification A Linear Specification B Modular

Higher

Foundation

A01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_PRE.indd 1 24/5/11 12:01:18

 Contents
NUMBER 59 Volumes of 3-D shapes
1 Factors and primes 60 Pythagoras theorem
2 Indices 1 61 Surface area
3 Fractions 62 Converting units
4 Decimals 63 Units of area and volume
5 Recurring decimals 64 Speed
6 Rounding and estimation 65 Density
7 Upper and lower bounds 66 Congruent triangles
8 Fractions and percentages 67 Similar shapes 1
9 Percentage change 68 Similar shapes 2
10 Reverse percentages and compound interest 69 Bearings
11 Ratio 70 Scale drawings and maps
12 Proportion 71 Constructions
13 Indices 2 72 Loci
14 Standard form 73 Translations, reflections and rotations
15 Calculator skills 74 Enlargements
16 Surds 75 Combining transformations
17 Problem-solving practice: Number A 76 Line segments
02 A03 77 Trigonometry 1
18 Problem-solving practice: Number
78 Trigonometry 2
ALGEBRA 79 Pythagoras in 3-D
19 Algebraic expressions 80 Trigonometry in 3-D
20 Arithmetic sequences 81 Triangles and segments
21 Expanding brackets 82 The sine rule
22 Factorising 83 The cosine rule
23 Linear equations 1 84 Circle facts
24 Linear equations 2 85 Circle theorems
25 Straight-line graphs 86 Vectors
26 Parallel and perpendicular 87 Solving vector problems
27 3-D coordinates 88 Problem-solving practice: Geometry A A03
02
28 Real-life graphs 89 Problem-solving practice: Geometry
29 Formulae
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
30 Rearranging formulae
31 Inequalities 90 Collecting data
32 Inequalities on graphs 91 Two-way tables
33 Quadratic and cubic graphs 92 Stratified sampling
34 Graphs of _xk and ax 93 Mean, median and mode
35 Trial and improvement 94 Frequency table averages
36 Simultaneous equations 1 95 Interquartile range
37 Quadratic equations 96 Frequency polygons
38 Completing the square 97 Histograms
39 The quadratic formula 98 Cumulative frequency
40 Quadratics and fractions 99 Box plots
41 Equation of a circle 100 Scatter graphs
42 Simultaneous equations 2 101 Probability
43 Direct proportion 102 Tree diagrams
44 Proportionality formulae 103 Problem-solving practice: Statistics A02 A03
45 Transformations 1 104 Problem-solving practice: Statistics
46 Transformations 2 105 Formulae page
47 Algebraic fractions 106 Paper 1 Practice exam paper
48 Proof 113 Paper 2 Practice exam paper
49 Problem-solving practice: Algebra A02 A03 119 Answers
50 Problem-solving practice: Algebra
GEOMETRY AND MEASURES
A small bit of small print
51 Angle properties
A grade allocated to a question represents the highest grade
52 Solving angle problems covered by that question. Sub-parts of the question may
53 Angles in polygons cover lower grade material.
54 Plan and elevation The grade range of a topic represents the usual grade
55 Perimeter and area range that the topic is assessed at. The topic may form part
56 Prisms of a higher grade question if tested within the context of
57 Circles and cylinders another topic.
58 Sectors of circles Questions in this book are targeted at the grades indicated.

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 NUMBER

Factors and primes

C 1 (a) Express the following numbers as products of their prime factors.

(i) 60 (ii) 150

60 150
Guided

6 10 10 15

2 3 2

Remember to circle the prime

factors as you go along.

60 5 2 3 3 3 150 5 2 3 3 3
(2 marks) (2 marks)

(b) Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 60 and 150

Guided 60 5 2 3 3 3 3 Circle all the prime numbers

which are common to both
150 5 2 3 3 3
products of prime factors.
HCF 5 2 3 3 Multiply the circled numbers
together to find the HCF.
5 (1 mark)

(c) Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 60 and 150

Guided LCM 5 3 3 To find the LCM, multiply the

HCF by the numbers in both
5 products that were not circled (1 mark)
in part (b).

C 2 (a) Express 72 as a product of its prime factors.

(2 marks)

(b) Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 72 and 120

HCF 5 (1 mark)

(c) Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 72 and 120

LCM 5 (1 mark)
1

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 NUMBER

Indices 1
C 1 Write as a power of 7

(a) 73 3 710

Guided 73 3 710 5 73 1 10 5 (1 mark)

(b) 715 4 7 9

Guided 715 4 79 5 715 2 9 5 (1 mark)

712
(c) ______
74 3 7
712
_______ 712 712
Guided 5 _______ ___
1 5 ......
4 4
7 37 7 37 7
5 (2 marks)
(d) (75)4

Guided (75)4 5 75 3 4 5 (1 mark)

C 2 Write as a power of 5
(a) 58 3 54 512 3 5
(b) _______ (c) (52)3
54 3 53

(1 mark) (2 marks) (1 mark)

C 3 68 3 63 5 65 3 6x
Use the index laws to simplify each side of the equation.
Find the value of x.

x 5 (2 marks)

B 4 Simplify 40

(1 mark)

A 5 Write 93 3 272 as a single power of 3

Guided 93 3 272 5 (3)3 3 (3)2

5 3 3 3
5 . (2 marks)

A 6 Write 86 4 43 3 25 as a single power of 2

(2 marks)

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 2 18/8/11 13:32:13

 NUMBER

Fractions
C 1 Work out 3_23 1 1_45
Give your answer as a mixed number in its simplest form.

Guided 3__
2 __
4
3 1 1 5

5 1 ___ 1 ___ Add the whole numbers.
3 5

5 1 ___ 1 ___ Write as equivalent fractions with the same denominator.
15 15

5 1 ___
15

5 1 1 ___
15

5 ___ Write your final answer as a mixed number in its simplest form. (3 marks)
15

C 2 Work out (a) 7_17 2 2_23 (b) 8__

9
10
1 2_35
Give each answer as a mixed number in its simplest form.

(a) (3 marks) (b) (3 marks)

C 3 Work out 2_13 3 1_35 Exam questions similar to this

have proved especially tricky
Guided 2__
1 __
3
3 3 15
be prepared!

EXAM
ALERT 5 ___ 3 ___ Write both mixed numbers as improper fractions.
3 5

5 ___ Multiply numerators and multiply denominators.


5 ___ Write your final answer as a mixed number in its simplest form. (3 marks)

C 4 Work out (a) 2_14 3 3_13 (b) 5_13 4 1_29

Give each answer as a mixed number in its simplest form.

(a) (3 marks) (b) (3 marks)

C 5 Work out (a) 8_56 2 3_25 (b) 4_15 4 __

9
10
Give each answer as a mixed number in its simplest form.

(a) (3 marks) (b) (3 marks)

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 3 18/8/11 13:32:14

 NUMBER

Decimals
C 1 Using the information that 67 3 29 5 1943
write down the value of

(a) 6.7 3 2.9

Guided 6.7 3 2.9 5 1943 4 67 has been divided by 10 and 29 has been divided by
10. So the answer needs to be divided by 100.
5

(1 mark)

(b) 670 3 0.0029

Guided 670 3 0.0029 5 1943 4 67 has been multiplied by 10 and 29 has been divided
by 10 000. So the answer needs to be divided by 1000.
5

(1 mark)

(c) 19 430 4 67

Guided 19 430 4 67 5 29 3 1943 has been multiplied by 10 and 67 is unchanged.

So multiply 29 by 10.
5

(1 mark)

C 2 Use the information that 127 3 84 5 10 668

to find the value of

(a) 1270 3 84 (b) 0.127 3 8.4 (c) 10 668 4 1.27

(1 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark)

C 3 Given that 63 3 48 5 3024

write down the value of

(a) 6300 3 4.8 (b) 0.063 3 4.8 (c) 30 240 4 6.3

(1 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark)

4

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 NUMBER

Recurring decimals
..
A 1 Express 0.15 as a fraction in its simplest form. You must use algebra.
. .
Guided Let x 5 0.1 5
100x 5 15.151 515
2 x 5 0.151 515

99x 5

x 5 _______
99

x 5 _______ (3 marks)

.
A 2 Change the recurring decimal 0.8 to a fraction. You must use algebra.

(2 marks)

. .
A 3 Convert the recurring decimal 2.417 to a fraction. You must use algebra.

(3 marks)

.
A 4 Convert the recurring decimal 0.47 to a fraction. You must use algebra.
.
Guided Let x 5 0.47
10x 5 4.777 7777
2 x 5 0.477 7777

9x 5

x 5 _______
9
Multiply the top and bottom

x 5 _______ of the fraction by 10. (3 marks)

..
A 5 Prove that 0.827 can be written as the fraction ___
91
110

(3 marks)
5

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 NUMBER

Rounding and estimation

D 1 Work out estimates for each of the following.

(a) 145 3 78

Guided 100 3 5 (1 mark)

(b) 19.1 4 1.51

Guided 4 2 5 (1 mark)

(c) 48.9 3 2.78 3 11.9

Guided 3 3 10 5 (1 mark)

3981
D 2 Work out an estimate for the value of _________
2.3 3 18.7

(2 marks)

612 3 39
C 3 Work out an estimate for the value of ________
0.53

(2 marks)

40.7 3 1.6
C 4 Work out an estimate for the value of _________
0.053
Exam questions similar to this
have proved especially tricky
be prepared!
40 3
Guided ____________ 5 _______ First round each number
0.05
to 1 significant figure.
EXAM
ALERT
5 (2 marks)

9.73 3 4.12
C 5 Work out an estimate for the value of __________
0.0214

(2 marks)

C 6 Work out estimates for the following calculations.

State whether your answer is an underestimate or an overestimate.

995.3
(a) _________
5.3 3 11.3
(2 marks)

101.7
(b) _________
3.7 3 4.72
(2 marks)

C 7 Work out an estimate for the value of 2.52 3 11.72

(2 marks)
6

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 NUMBER

Upper and lower bounds

A 1 The length of a rectangle is 9.7 cm correct to 2 significant figures.
The width of the rectangle is 6.5 cm correct to 2 significant figures.
Work out the upper bound for the area of the rectangle.

Guided Upper bound of length 5 9.75

Upper bound of width 5
Upper bound of area 5 9.75 3
5
5 cm2 (3 marks)

A 2 The length of a rectangle is 24 cm correct to 2 significant figures.

The width of the rectangle is 9.6 cm correct to 2 significant figures.
Work out the lower bound for the perimeter of the rectangle.

cm (3 marks)

A* 3 A ball is dropped from a window. ___

The time that it takes to reach the ground is given by the formula t 5 __
2s
a
where a m/s2 is the acceleration due to gravity and s m is the height of the window.
s 5 117 m correct to 3 significant figures
a 5 9.8 m/s2 correct to 2 significant figures

(a) Calculate the lower bound and the upper bound for the value of t.
Give your answers correct to 4 decimal places.

(4 marks)

(b) Use your answers to part (a) to write down the value of t to a suitable degree of accuracy.
You must explain your answer.

Guided t 5 because the upper bound and the lower bound

both agree to 2 significant figures (1 mark)
7

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 NUMBER

Fractions and percentages

D 1 Uzma invests 4000 in a bank account for 1 year.
Interest is paid at a rate of 2.5% per annum.
How much interest will Uzma get at the end of 1 year?

_______
Guided 3 4000 5 (2 marks)
100

D 2 A farmer has 48 llamas.

30 of the llamas are female.
(a) Work out 30 out of 48 as a percentage.

30
_______
Guided 3 100 5 (2 marks)

60% of the female llamas are pregnant.

(b) Write the number of pregnant female llamas as a fraction of the 48 llamas.
Give your answer in its simplest form.

(2 marks)

D 3 Meera works in an electrical shop.

Each week she gets paid 160 plus 15% of the value of the goods she sells.
One week Meera sold 3200 of goods.
Work out the total amount she was paid this week.

(3 marks)

D 4 Liams annual income is 16 000

He pays _15 of the 16 000 in rent.
He spends 15% of the 16 000 on food.
Work out how much of the 16 000 Liam has left.

(4 marks)

C 5 At an outdoor centre, 140 students each choose one activity.

_1 of the students choose rock climbing.
7
_3 of the students choose rafting.
7
All the rest of these students choose abseiling.
How many students choose abseiling?

(3 marks)
8

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 NUMBER

Percentage change
D 1 A washing machine costs 420 plus 20% VAT.
Calculate the total cost of the washing machine.
20
Guided VAT 5 ____ 3
100
5
Total cost 5 420 1
5 (3 marks)

D 2 Helen buys a jacket in a sale.

The normal price is 84
The normal price of the jacket is reduced by 35%.
Work out the sale price of the jacket.

(3 marks)

C 3 Eliza went to New York.

She changed pounds () into American dollars ($).
The exchange rate was 1 5 $1.60
The value of the pound has decreased from $1.60 to $1.56
Calculate the percentage decrease in the value of the pound.
decrease
Guided Percentage decrease 5 ____________ 3 100
original value

5 _______ 3 100

5 % (3 marks)

C 4 Ali buys 120 cans of drink for a total of 30

He wants to make a profit of 40%.
Work out the price for which he should sell each can of drink.

(4 marks)

C 5 Jean books a holiday.

The total cost of the holiday is 1430
She pays a deposit of 35% of the total cost.
She pays the rest in 10 monthly instalments.
Work out how much she pays each month.

(4 marks)
9

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 9 18/8/11 13:32:15

 NUMBER

Reverse percentages and

compound interest
B 1 Linda bought a new car for 18 000
Each year, the car depreciated in value by 15%.
Work out the value of the car after 4 years.
15
Guided Multiplier 5 1 2 ____ 5 Work out the multiplier as a decimal.
100
Value after 4 years 5 18 000 3 ()4
5 When working with money, answers
must be given to 2 decimal places.
5 (3 marks)

B 2 Jalin invested 3200 in a savings account for 3 years.

He was paid compound interest at a rate of 3.5% per annum.
Work out how much was in the account after 3 years.

(3 marks)

B 3 In a sale, normal prices are reduced by 35%. Exam questions similar to this
The sale price of a DVD player is 403 have proved especially tricky
EXAM be prepared!
ALERT
Work out the normal price of the DVD player.
35
Guided Multiplier 5 1 2 ____ 5
100
Normal price 5 403 4
5 (3 marks)

B 4 Jills weekly pay this year is 460

This is 15% more than her weekly pay last year.
Dave says, This means Jills weekly pay last year was 391.
Dave is wrong. Explain why.

(2 marks)

A 5 Pete invested 5100 for n years in a savings account.

He was paid 4.5% per annum compound interest.
At the end of the n years he had 6641.53 in the savings account.
Work out the value of n.
Choose some values for n and work out the
amount in the savings account after n years.

n 5 (2 marks)
10

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 10 18/8/11 13:32:15

 NUMBER

Ratio
D 1 There are 60 toy cars in a box.
18 of the toy cars are blue.
The rest of the toy cars are red.
Write down the ratio of the number of red toy cars to the number of blue toy cars.
Give your ratio in its simplest form.

Guided Number of red cars 5 60 2 Make sure you put the numbers
in the ratio in the correct order.
5

Ratio of red cars to blue cars 5 :

5 : (2 marks)

D 2 There are 32 students in a class.

20 of the students are girls.
Rosie says, The ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys in this class is 3 : 5.
Is Rosie right?
You must give a reason for your answer.

(2 marks)

D 3 Ahmed and James share 120 in the ratio 1 : 3

How much does James get?

Guided Number of shares 5 1 1 3

One share is worth 120 4 5

James gets 3 5
(2 marks)

C 4 Annie and Jamil share 160 in the ratio 3 : 5

How much more money than Annie does Jamil get?

(3 marks)

C 5 Linda, Mel and Tomos share the driving on a journey in the ratio 2 : 3 : 4
Mel drove a distance of 240 km.
Work out the length of the journey.

km (2 marks)
11

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 NUMBER

Proportion
D 1 Mike buys 6 pencils for a total cost of 5.34
Work out the cost of 11 of these pencils.

Guided Cost of 1 pencil 5 5.34 4

5
Cost of 11 pencils 5 11 3
5 (2 marks)

D 2 Punita buys 3 identical notebooks for a total cost of 10.44

Work out the cost of 5 of these notebooks.

(2 marks)

D 3 The total cost of 4 kg of apples is 4.20

First work out the cost
The total cost of 3 kg of apples and 2 kg of bananas is 5.05
of 1 kg of apples.
Work out the cost of 1 kg of bananas.

(3 marks)

C 4 A builder lays 180 bricks in 1 hour.

Remember to include
He always works at the same speed.
units with your answer.
How long will it take the builder to lay 585 bricks?

(2 marks)

C 5 4 workers can lay a stretch of road in 9 days.

How long would it take 6 workers to lay the same stretch of road?

Guided 1 worker would take 4 3 5 days to lay the stretch of road.

So 6 workers would take 4 6 5 days to lay the stretch of road. (2 marks)

C 6 It takes one machine at a factory 24 hours to pack 12 000 boxes of cakes.

The owner of the factory buys two more machines.
Work out the number
All the machines work at the same rate.
of boxes that 1 machine
How long would it take the 3 machines to pack a total of
can pack in 1 hour.
30 000 boxes of cakes?

(3 marks)
12

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 12 18/8/11 13:32:15

 NUMBER

Indices 2
B
_1
1 Work out the value of (a) 422 (b) 492
1
Guided (a) 422 5 ___2
4

5 _____ (1 mark)

__1 ___
(b) 492 5 49

5 (1 mark)

B 2 Work out the value of

_1
(a) 273 (b) 921 (c) 423 (d) 80

(1 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark)

A* 9 2 2
_2 _3
3 Work out the value of (a) 83 (b) (__
16 )

(a) 83 5 (8
 3)
__
2 2 __1
Guided

5 ()2

5 (1 mark)

( )
2 __
3
9
((__169 ) )3
__1
(b) ___
2
5 2
16

( )
3

5 _____


5 _____ (2 marks)

A* 4 Work out the value of

( )
2 _12 _2 81 2 _34
(a) 49 (b) 643 (c) ___
16

(1 mark) (1 mark) (2 marks)

__
3 ___
A* 5 Work out the value of ___ 3 27
9
Write each number as a power of 3 and then use the index laws.

(2 marks)

13

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 13 18/8/11 13:32:15

 NUMBER

Standard form
B 1 (a) Write 67 000 in standard form. Exam questions similar to this
have proved especially tricky
Guided 67 000 5 3 10 be prepared! (1 mark)
EXAM
ALERT (b) Write 2 3 1025 as an ordinary number.

Guided 2 3 1025 5 (1 mark)

(c) Write 760 3 104 in standard form.

Guided 760 3 104 5 First write the number as an ordinary number.

5 3 10 (1 mark)

B 2 (a) Write 0.54 in standard form. (1 mark)

(b) Write 7 3 106 as an ordinary number. (1 mark)

B 3 Write these numbers in order of size.

Write all the numbers in standard form first.
Start with the smallest number.
3 3 108 32 3 106 0.031 3 1010 3400 3 105

(2 marks)

A 4 Work out the value of 5 3 107 3 9 3 103

Give your answer in standard form.

Guided 5 3 107 3 9 3 103 5 (5 3 ) 3 (107 3 10)

5 3 10
5 3 10 (2 marks)

A 5 Work out the value of 1.04 3 103 4 2 3 1025

Give your answer in standard form.

(2 marks)

A 6 Work out the value of 7 3 105 3 3000

Give your answer in standard form.

(2 marks)

A 7 The number of atoms in one kilogram of helium is 1.51 3 1026

Calculate the number of atoms in 30 kilograms of helium.
Give your answer in standard form.

(2 marks)
14

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 NUMBER

Calculator skills
23.5 3 9.4
D 1 Use your calculator to work out the value of _________
14.6 2 5.9
Write down all the figures on your calculator display.
Give your answer as a decimal.
23.5 3 9.4
___________
Guided 5 _______ Make sure that you give your
14.6 2 5.9 answer as a decimal. If necessary,
use the S D button.
5 (2 marks)
__________
13.5 1 3.42
C 2 Use your calculator to work out the value of ___________
2.3 3 1.5
Write down all the figures on your calculator display.

(3 marks)

45.8 3 sin 34
B 3 Use your calculator to work out the value of _____________
__________
8.72 1 5.22

Write down all the figures on your calculator display.

(3 marks)

B 4 Work out (8.2 3 1024) 4 (3.1 3 1027)

Give your answer in standard form correct to 3 significant figures.

(2 marks)

a1b
A 5 y2 5 _____
ab
a 5 5 3 106 b 5 4 3 103
Find y.
Give your answer in standard form correct to 2 significant figures.
1
Guided y2 5 __________________
5 3 106 3 4 3 103

y2 5 _______________

________________

y 5 l
y 5

y 5 3 10 (3 marks)
15

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 15 18/8/11 13:32:16

 NUMBER

Surds
___ ____
A 1 Simplify (a) 48
________
(b) 300

Guided (a) 48 5 16 3
___ ___

________
l
5
________
l ________
(1 mark)

(b) 300 5 3
_____
l
________
l
5 l (1 mark)

10
A 2 Rationalise the denominator of ___
__
__
2
10
___ 10 2
Guided __ 3 ___
__ 5 ___ __
2 2 2
__
2
_______
5

__
5 2 (2 marks)

__ __
A* 3 Expand and simplify (2 2 3 )(5 1 3 ) Use FOIL (First terms, Outer terms,
__ __ __ __
Inner terms, Last terms) to expand
Guided (2 2 3 )(5 1 3 ) 5 10 1 23 2 3 2 the brackets.
__
5 2 3 (2 marks)

__ __
A* 4 Expand and simplify (7 2 5 )(2 1 5 )

(2 marks)

__
A* 5 Expand and simplify (3 2 2 )2

(2 marks)

__
12 2__53
A* 6 Rationalise the denominator of _________
3
__
Give your answer in the form a 1 b3 where a and b are integers.

(3 marks)
16

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 16 18/8/11 13:32:16

 NUMBER

Problem-solving practice
D *1 Tickets R-US and Cheap Tickets both advertise tickets for the same concert.

The question has a * next

to it, so make sure that you
Tickets
Tickets
R-US
R-US Cheap
CheapTickets
Tickets
show all your working and 36
36
plus
plus
5%5%
booking
booking
feefee 35
35
plus
plus
7.5%
7.5%
booking
booking
feefee
write your answer clearly
in a sentence.

Helen wants to pay the least money possible for a ticket.

Which shop should she buy her ticket from, Tickets R-US or Cheap Tickets?

Work out the price

plus the booking
fee for each ticket.

(4 marks)

D 2 Last year, Kevin spent

_1 of his salary on entertainment
8
_2 of his salary on rent
5
15% of his salary on living expenses.
He saved the rest of his salary.
Last year Kevins salary was 32 000
How much money did Kevin save?
Guided Amount spent on entertainment = 32 000 4
You should show
5 all your working.

Amount spent on rent = 32 000 4 3

10% of 32 000 5

5% of 32 000 5

15% of 32 000 5

Amount spent on living expenses 5

Total amount spent 5 1 1

Amount of money saved 5 32 000 2 ..

5 (4 marks)

17

M01_EMHL_WBK_GCSE_0154_U01.indd 17 18/8/11 13:32:16

 NUMBER

Problem-solving practice
*3 Mr Lis garden is in the shape of a rectangle.
C Part of the garden is a vegetable plot in the
15 m

shape of a triangle.
The rest of the garden is grass. Grass 8m
Mr Li wants to spread fertiliser all over the grass. Veg.
One box of fertiliser is enough for 30 m2 of grass. Plot
How many boxes of fertiliser will he need?
5m

First work out the area of the grass.

Divide the area by 30 to find the
number of boxes remember that
Mr Li can only buy a whole number
of boxes.

(4 marks)

*4 Kevin invests 6000 for 3 years at 4.5% simple interest in Simple Bank.
B The interest is paid, by cheque, at the end of each year.
Kevin also invests 6000 for 3 years at 4.2% compound interest in Compound Bank.
Which bank pays Kevin the greater amount of total interest, Simple Bank or Compound
Bank?
Simple interest means that the interest is the same each year.
Work out the interest for one year then multiply this amount by 3.

For compound interest, the interest will change each year. Work out
the interest for one year, add this on to the amount in the account
and then work out the interest for the next year, and so on.

(4 marks)

A
A* 5 Josip drove for 314 miles, correct to the nearest mile.
He used 34.6 litres of petrol, to the nearest tenth of a litre.
Number of miles travelled
Petrol consumption 5 ____________________________
Number of litres of petrol used
Work out the upper bound for the petrol consumption for Josips journey.
Give your answer correct to 2 decimal places.
Use the upper bound for the number
of miles travelled and the lower bound
for the number of litres of petrol used.

(3 marks)

18

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 ALGEBRA

Algebraic expressions
C 1 Simplify
(a) m3 3 m9 (b) p10 4 p2 (c) (t4)5

Guided (a) m3 3 m9 5 m3 1 9 (b) p10 4 p2 5 p 10 2 2 (c) (t 4)5 5 t 4 3 5

5 m 5 p 5 t
(1 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark)

C 2 Simplify
(a) g 3 g6 (b) k9 4 k3 3 k2 (c) ( y3)7

(1 mark) (1 mark) (1 mark)

C 3 Simplify
y12
( )
2
x5 3 x4
(a) _______ (b) ______ z6
(c) __
x6 y3 3 y z3

(2 marks) (2 marks) (2 marks)

B 4 Simplify
28x6y5
(a) 5e7f 2 3 3e4f 5 (b) ______ (c) (2m5p)4
7xy3

Guided (a) 5e7f 2 3 3e4f 5 5 5 3 3 3 e7 1 4 3 f 2 1 5

5 e f (2 marks)

28x6y5
(b) _______ 5 28 4 7 3 x 6 2 1 3 y 5 2 3
7xy3
5 x y (2 marks)

(c) (2m5p)4 5 24m5 3 4 p 1 3 4

5 m p (2 marks)

B 5 Simplify
(a) 6cd8 3 4c5d2 40a9c2
(b) ______ (c) (5b3d2)3
8a3c

(2 marks) (2 marks) (2 marks)

1
A 6 Simplify Use the index law a2n 5 __
an

( ) ( )
1 22 25 2 _ 21
(a) ___ (b) ______
2x3 64b2c8

(2 marks) (2 marks)

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 ALGEBRA

Arithmetic sequences
C 1 Here are the first five terms of an arithmetic sequence.
1 5 9 13 17
Find an expression, in terms of n, for the nth term of the sequence.

Guided zero term 1 1 1 1

zero term Work out the difference
between each term. Then
1 5 9 13 17 work out the zero term.

nth term n
nth term
5 n 1 5 (2 marks)

C 2 Here are the first five terms of an arithmetic sequence.

17 12 7 2 23
Find an expression, in terms of n, for the nth term of the sequence.

(2 marks)

C 3 (a) Here are the first five terms of an arithmetic sequence.

3 7 11 15 19
Find an expression, in terms of n, for the nth term of the sequence.

(2 marks)

(b) Paul says that 72 is a term in this sequence. Look at the type of numbers in the sequence.
Paul is wrong. Explain why.

(1 mark)

C 4 (a) The nth term of a sequence is 8n 1 3

Write down the first three terms of this sequence.

Guided 1st term n 5 1 8 3 1 1 3 5

2nd term n 5 8 3 1 3 5
3rd term n 5 8 3 1 3 5 (2 marks)

Try and find a value for n

(b) Jenny says that 45 is a term in this sequence.
that gives a result of 45.
Jenny is wrong. Explain why.

(1 mark)

C 5 The nth term of a sequence is 3n 2 1

Work out the 50th term of this sequence.

(1 mark)

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