What Is A Muscular System?

The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits movement of the body, maintains
posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. Together with the skeletal system it forms the musculoskeletal system, which is
responsible for movement of the human body.
 Three Functions Of The Muscular System
The muscular system creates movement. The primary function of muscular system is to produce voluntary gross and fine movements. ...
It protects the organs.
The cardiac muscle pumps blood
 Types Of Muscle
There are three types of muscle found in the human body:

Skeletal Muscle
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscle (heart muscle)

Skeletal muscle
Skeletal Muscles are those which attach to bones and have the main function of contracting to facilitate movement of our skeletons. They are also
sometimes known as striated muscles due to their appearance. The cause of this 'stripy' appearance is the bands of Actin and Myosin which form
the Sarcomere, found within the Myofibrils.
Skeletal muscles are also sometimes called voluntary muscles, because we have direct control over them through nervous impulses from our brains
sending messages to the muscle. Contractions can vary to produce powerful, fast movements or small precision actions. Skeletal muscles also have
the ability to stretch or contract and still return to their original shape.
Skeletal muscle fibre type
Not all fibres within Skeletal muscles are the same. Different fibre types contract at different speeds, are suited to different types of activity and vary in
colour depending on their Myoglobin (an oxygen carrying protein) content.

Smooth muscle
Smooth muscle is also sometimes known as Involuntary muscle due to our inability to control its movements, or Unstriated as it does not have the
stripy appearance of Skeletal muscle. Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the Stomach, Oesophagus, Bronchi and in the
walls of blood vessels. This muscle type is stimulated by involuntary neurogenic impulses and has slow, rhythmical contractions used in controlling
internal organs, for example, moving food along the Oesophagus or contricting blood vessels during Vasoconstriction.

Cardiac muscle (heart muscle)

This type of muscle is found solely in the walls of the heart. It has similarities with skeletal muscles in that it is striated and with smooth muscles in that
its contractions are not under conscious control. However this type of muscle is highly specialised. It is under the control of the autonomic nervous
system, however, even without a nervous imput contractions can occur due to cells called pacemaker cells. Cardiac muscle is highly resistant to
fatigue due to the presence of a large number of mitochondria, myoglobin and a good blood supply allowing continuous aerobic metabolism.
List Of Five Effects Of Physical Activity
On The Muscular System
Blood flow because of increased volume of blood that is pumped to muscle tissue.
Muscle fatigue is short-term decline in the ability of a muscle to generate force.
Another way to describe muscle fatigue is as the short-term inability to continue to repeat muscular contractions with the same force.
Muscle exhaustion when exercise continues through muscle fatigue without rest after time it can lead to muscle exhaustion.
Muscle damage often happens, because of over-stretching without a proper warming-up or no warming-up before intense exercise.
Cramp uncontrollable and very painful muscle contraction.
 Where Muscles Are Located And One
Job Each Perform

Pectorals muscle- The pectoralis major muscle is a large muscle in the upper chest, fanning across the chest from the shoulder to the
breastbone. The two pectoralis major muscles, commonly referred to as the "pecs," are the muscles that create the bulk of the chest.
Function. The pectoralis major has four actions which are primarily responsible for movement of the shoulder joint. The first action is flexion
of the humerus, as in throwing a ball underhand, and in lifting a child. Secondly, it adducts the humerus, as when flapping the arms

Bicep-the biceps, also biceps brachii is a two-headed muscle that lies on the upper arm between the shoulder and the elbow. Both
heads arise on the scapula and join to form a single muscle belly which is attached to the upper forearm. The biceps brachii is a bi-articular
muscle, which means that it helps control the motion of two different joints, the shoulder and the elbow. The function of the biceps at the
elbow is essential to the function of the forearm in lifting.

Triceps-Triceps brachii. The triceps brachii is a major muscle of the upper arm in the human body. The triceps run along the humerus
(the main bone of the upper arm) between the shoulder and the elbow. Along with the biceps, it enables extension and retraction of the
forearm. The triceps brachii muscle (Latin for "three-headed muscle of the arm") is a large muscle on the back of the upper limb of many
vertebrates. It is the muscle principally responsible for extension of the elbow joint (straightening of the arm).

Deltoids-The deltoid muscle is a rounded, triangular muscle located on the uppermost part of the arm and the top of the shoulder. It is
named after the Greek letter delta, which is shaped like an equilateral triangle. Although technically part of the shoulder, the deltoid muscle controls the
majority of the shoulders movements and thus enables the arm to have increased range of motion.

Ham Strings-The hamstrings are the tendons that attach the large muscles at the back of the thigh to bone. The hamstring
muscles are the large muscles that pull on these tendons . The hamstring muscles actively bend (flex) the knee. They also
act to straighten or (extend) the hip (as in the motion of moving the thigh backward).

Quadriceps-The quadriceps femoris is a group of muscles located in the front of the thigh. Because rectus femoris attaches to the
ilium, it is also a flexor of the hip. This action is also crucial to walking or running as it swings the leg forward into the ensuing step.
The quadriceps, specifically the vastus medialis, play the important role of stabilizing the patella and the knee joint during gait.
 The Activity Whether You Would Use
Fast Or Slow Twitch

A. Walking to school Slow Twitch

B.Hitting a ball in hockey Fast Twitch

C.Scoring a goal in netball Fast Twitch

The Muscular System
 Table Of Contents

What is Muscular System ................................................................................ 1

Three Functions Of

Muscular System ................................................................................. 2

Types Of Muscle ................................................................................. 3

List Of Five Effects Of

Physical Activity On

The Muscular System .................................................................................... 4

Where Muscles Are

Located And One Job

Each Perform ................................................................................... 5

The Activity Whether

You Would Use Fast

Or Slow Twitch ................................................................................... 6

The Label Of The

Muscular System .................................................................................... 7

 References
https://www.medicinenet.com/hamstring_injury/article.htm

https://www.healhttp://healthyliving.azcentral.com/functions-biceps-16081.htmlthline.com/human-
body-maps/arm-muscles

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoralis_major_muscle
Name:Kadaja' Reid

Class:9E1 Anderson

Subject: Physical Education