GEOGRAPHY

Introduction
Etymology

geo
earth
GEOGRAPHY
description of the
earth, a science
that studies the
distribution and
arrangement of all
elements of Earth's
graphos surface
to write
graphia
description
Scope
Geographic study encompasses the
environment of the earth's surface and
the relationship of humans to this
environment, which includes physical,
cultural and regional geographic
features.
Physical Geography
deals with the distribution,
measurement and arrangement of all
elements of the earth's surface

Water
Landforms Soil Minerals
Features

Climate Natural
Wild Animal
and Vegetation
Life (Fauna)
Weather (Flora)
Branches of Physical Geography
Geomorphology - The branch of geology that
examines the formation and structure of the
lands surface of the Earth or of another
planet and the process that mold them.
Climatology - Involves meteorology and is
concerned with the prevailing state of the
atmosphere.
Biogeography Uses biology and deals with
the spatial distribution of past and present
individual categories of plants and animal life.
Branches of Physical Geography
Soil geography Concerned with the
areal distribution of soil types over the
land and the principal factors in the
formation of different types of soil.
Oceanography Deals with the waves,
tides, and currents of oceans and the
ocean floor
Hydrography Concerns the distribution
of seas, lakes, rivers, and streams in
relation to their uses.
Branches of Physical Geography
Resource Management Emphasizes
human direction in the utilization of
natural resources for benefits of human
usually on a long term basis.
Environmental Studies Focuses on the
animal world and on the threats posed to
them by human activities and the
degradation of the atmosphere,
hydrosphere, and lithosphere by pollution
of many types.
Cultural Geography
explains the distribution, characteristics
and achievements of people and all
phases of human social life in relation
to the physical earth.

Cultural Economic
Population
Heritage Activities

Major Works or
Accomplishments
Branches of Cultural Geography
Economic geography - Analyzes the
characteristics and differences among
movements in between areas in the
production, exchange and consumption of
goods and services.
Political geography - Concerned with the
study of the organizations of the world into
states, functions, delimitations, demarcations
of boundaries, selection of capital sites,
territorial waters, maritime boundaries and
laws of the seas.
Branches of Cultural Geography
Cartography or mapmaking - The
graphic representation and
measurement of the surface of the earth.
Population - Examines the distribution of
population in relation to its various
characteristics such as growth, numbers,
density, age, sex, fertility and
occupations.
Branches of Cultural Geography
Urban geography Studies the factors
affecting the location of individual cities,
urban systems, regional differences in
urbanization and functional types of cities.
Medical geography Studies the diffusion of
infectious diseases from the center of
occurrence.
Historical geography Concerned with the
description of the past periods or dates or with
changes overtime as landscapes evolves.
Physical vs. Cultural
Deals with space, distributions of
elements on the earths surface

PHYSICAL CULTURAL
GEOGRAPHY GEOGRAPHY
Natural and Artificial, man-
physical made elements
elements and Cultural
processes and characteristics
their effect to Human
various regions activities
Regional Geography
Concerned with various areas of the
earth, particularly the unique
combinations of physical and cultural
features that characterize each region
and distinguish one region from
another
Geography and
the Other Sciences
Social
Sciences

Natural
Humanities
Sciences

GEOGRAPHY
Importance of Geography
It provides the perspectives, information, concepts and
skills to understand ourselves, our relations to the earth,
and our interdependence with other people of the
world.
Geographical knowledge can benefit the analysis of
problems of environmental degradation (global
warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, desertification,
rainforest destruction, waste accumulation, fresh water
scarcity and terrorism).
Geography can satisfy mans yearning to learn about his
vast domain, give an accurate picture and explanation
about it.
Geography presents information about the world
Importance of Geography
It contributes to our knowledge about
different cultures, promoting better
understanding among nations.
It gives us ecological consciousness
awareness of the need to maintain the
delicate balance the local and global
ecosystems.
It enables man to read and understand
important tools, such as maps.
Careers in Geography
Geography Teacher
Cartographer Produces maps for news
media, book publishers, atlas publishers,
government agencies.
Climatologist Needed by the National
Weather Service, news media, the
Weather Channel, and other
government entities occasionally need
climatologist.
Careers in Geography
Urban Planner/Community Development
Works on zoning, land use, and new
developments, from a gas station
renovation to the development of whole
new sections of urban area.
Transportation management - Like urban
and city planning, needed in regional
transit authorities or shipping, logistics,
and transportation companies
Careers in Geography
Environmental Management
Needed in environmental assessment,
cleanup, and management
companies for project management
and the development of reports like
environmental impact reports.
Writer/Researcher