DESHIDRATACION PIGAP II
CONTENIDO
1 INTRODUCCIN................................................................................................................................ 4
2 OBJETIVO.......................................................................................................................................... 5
3 ALCANCE .......................................................................................................................................... 6
10 EVALUACIN DEPURADORES..................................................................................................... 34
11 CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES................................................................................... 43
12 ANEXOS........................................................................................................................................... 45
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INDICE DE TABLAS
Figura 1 Ubicacin Facilidades de entrada PIGAP II.................................................................................. 6
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Figura 23 Distribuidor de flujo en la entrada ............................................................................................. 40
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1 INTRODUCCIN
El rea de Facilidades de Entrada, posee cuatro (4) equipos, dos (2) depuradores y
dos (2) filtros, para separar los lquidos y slidos contenidos en el gas. Para disminuir
el contenido de agua del gas a comprimir, se cuenta con el rea de deshidratacin
empleando el mtodo de absorcin gas-lquido, utilizando como absorbente el
Trietilenglicol (TEG). El rea de deshidratacin esta formada por dos (2) trenes
idnticos con capacidad total para acondicionar el flujo total a comprimir (1440
MMPCND) e incluye infraestructura para el manejo de los condensados, sistemas de:
Alivio y venteo, manejo de condensado, manejo agua y tratamiento de emulsiones,
entre otros subsistemas requeridos para su operacin adecuada y por ltimo el rea
de Compresin donde se cuenta con ocho (8) turbocompresores que comprimen el
gas desde 1200 hasta 9000 psig.
Los antecedentes operacionales y por diseo manejado por este informe que se
obtuvo de la planta son:
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Los filtros de entrada no son hermeticamente seguros durante reemplazo de
internos, porque no cuentan con doble bloqueo de vlvulas con purga en el medio.
2 OBJETIVO
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3 ALCANCE
F a c il id a d e s d e
en tr a d a P ig a p I I
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OO-F-002
A BYPASS DE
00-17-0302 PUNTOS DE MEDICIN
INYECC IN
PAQUETE DE DE QUIMICA
INYECCIN
DE QUIMICA
LIMITES DE BATERA
INYECC IN
DE QUIMICA
RSK-01
HPF 0 0-RSK-03
ESD INYECC IN
DE QUIMICA
HPF
Filtro de entrada
NO LC
INYECC IN 00-16-0301A
DE QUIMIC A
ESD
NC
ESD
00 -RSK-02A 00 -21-0301A
GAS DES DE
TR ATAMIENTO
OSBL INYECC IN NC
DE QUIMICA
PDVSA WILPRO
INYECCIN
DE QUIMICA LC
0 0-16-03 01B
GAS DESDE
TRATAMIENTO 00 -21-0301B
00 -RSK-02B
OSBL
Depurador de entrada CD
NORMALMENTE NO FLUJO
OO-F-002
DESDE
LNEA DE 30
LIM IT ES D E BA TE RA
A er oenfriadores
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6 EVALUACIN DE PROCESOS
6.1.1 Premisas
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Tabla 1 Balance de masa y Cromatografa ingeniera de PIGAP II (WILPRO)
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El modelo termodinmico utilizado es la ecuacin de estado de Peng Robinson (PR
Modificado-Panag Red). La ecuacin de Estado PR Modificado-Panag Red fue
escogida porque se ajusta a un amplio rango de condiciones de operacin (Temp >
- 456F, Presin < 15.000 Psia) y a una gran variedad de sistemas
composicionales. As mismo, esta ecuacin de estado es la usada en procesos de
gas para la prediccin del equilibrio vapor-lquido.
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6.1.2 Resultados
Se realizaron corridas de simulacin con Cromatografas actuales del gas (ver anexo
1) y se observa mayor cantidad de lquido que entra a la planta 534,85 BPD, ya que
cada separador manejara un flujo de lquido 267, 42 BPD, lo que supera la capacidad
de diseo de los mismos (1,7 BPD). Ver Figura 5. y tabla 4
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Balance de Balance de Masa Balance de Masa Balance de Masa Simulacin Capacidad terica Equipos
Masa Ing. Simulacin en Pro II Simulacin Cromatografa Actual con Separadores
PIGAP II (8.3) Cromatografa Actual Slug Catcher 00-16-0301 A/B
11,1 BPD 7.56 BPD 267, 42 BPD 53,49 BPD 1.7 BPD
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6.2.1 Premisas
El sistema de BTEX consta de: un (1) enfriador de gas de tope (E-161) y un (1)
separador trifsico de BTEX (acumulador de reflujo (V-141)), una (1) bomba para
hidrocarburos (P-142), dos (2) bombas para reflujo y drenaje (P-143/144), un sistema
de recuperacin de vapor consta de: un (1) depurador de gas (D-0101), un (1)
compresor de gases (K-0102) y un (1) enfriador de gas (E-0103A)
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El TEG pobre debe entrar a la torre contactora 10 F por encima de la temperatura
del gas de entrada.
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6.2.2 Resultados
SISTEMA DE DESHIDRATACION
Caudal de TEG a Torre Contactora
Flujo de Gas a Torre Contactora MMSCFD
gpm
780 145
750
113
600
90
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7 EVALUACION HIDRULICA FALIDADES DE ENTRADA Y DESHIDRATACIN
Se establecen un flujo de 1500 MMPCND de gas, a 1200 psig con una temperatura
de 142F a la entrada de planta.
100 100
Ve = = = 49.58 pie / s
g 4.07
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7.2 MODELO HIDRULICO
LEYENDA
TORRE A
INLET: Gas de entrada a Planta TORRE B
DEPA: Depurador A
DEPB: Depurador B
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7.3 RESULTADOS DE LA EVALUACIN
Q: 730.5 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
Q: 445.6 MMPCND T: 120 F
P: 1196psig
Filtro
Q: 748.8 MMPCND 00-21-0301A
P: 1198 psig
By pass filtros B A
Depurador
00-16-0301 A
Corriente de entrada Filtro
00-21-0301B Q: 763.9 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
Q: 1500 MMPCND
Depurador T: 120 F
P: 1200 psig
T: 142 F
00-16-0301 B Q: 1048 MMPCND (70%)
P: 1196psig
Q: 748.8 MMPCND
P: 1198 psig
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Para esta condicin se realiz la sensibilidad de poner fuera de servicio cada uno de
los filtros y abrir el bypass existente, para ver el comportamiento hidrulico. A
continuacin se muestran los resultados en la Tabla 7 y Figura 10 (fuera de servicio
Filtro A) y Tabla 8 y Figura 11 (fuera de servicio Filtro B).
Q: 730.5 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
T: 120 F
Q: 0 MMPCND
Filtro
00-21-0301A
Q: 748.8 MMPCND
P: 1198 psig B A
By pass filtros
Q: 954 MMPCND
Depurador P: 1196psig
00-16-0301 A
Corriente de entrada Filtro
00-21-0301B Q: 763.9 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
Q: 1500 MMPCND Depurador
Q: 541 MMPCND T: 120 F
P: 1200 psig
T: 142 F
00-16-0301 B P: 1196psig
Q: 748.8 MMPCND
P: 1198 psig
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Q: 730.5 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
T: 120 F
Q: 424 MMPCND
P: 1196psig
Filtro
Q: 748.8 MMPCND 00-21-0301A
P: 1198 psig
By pass filtros B A
Q: 1070 MMPCND
Depurador P: 1196psig
00-16-0301 A
Corriente de entrada Filtro
00-21-0301B Q: 763.9 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
Q: 1500 MMPCND
Depurador T: 120 F
P: 1200 psig
T: 142 F
00-16-0301 B Q: 0 MMPCND
Q: 748.8 MMPCND
P: 1198 psig
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Los resultados obtenidos de la simulacin hidrulica con la condicin actual (Tabla 6 y
Figura 9), se observa una preferencia del flujo del gas a fluir por el filtro B (70% del
volumen total sobrepasando la capacidad de diseo del equipo) y una alta velocidad
(52 pies/seg) en la tubera de 24 pulgadas que conecta la entrada y salida de ste filtro
que se encuentra por encima de la velocidad erosional (49,58 pies/seg). La Torre A
maneja 33 MMPCND de gas por encima de la torre B y 14 MMPCND por encima de su
capacidad de diseo. Ver hoja de datos de Torres contactoras de glicol en el Error!
No se encuentra el origen de la referencia.4.
Al sacar fuera de servicio alguno de los filtros para realizar mantenimiento, el gas tiene
preferencia de flujo por el bypass de estos, lo que ocasiona que pase hacia las torres
una gran cantidad de gas sin filtrar, causando problemas en las torres contactoras.
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Q: 730.5 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
T: 120 F
Q: 560 MMPCND
P: 1196psig
Filtro
00-21-0301A
Q: 452 MMPCND
P: 1198 psig B A
Depurador Q: 423
00-16-0301 A MMPCND
Se realizaron las simulaciones sacando fuera de servicio los filtros existentes para ver
la distribucin de flujo y los resultados se muestran en la Tabla 10 y Figura 13 (Filtro A)
y en la Tabla 11 y Figura 14 (Filtro B).
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Q: 714 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
T: 120 F
Q: 0 MMPCND
P: 0 psig
Filtro
00-21-0301A
Q: 383 MMPCND
P: 1199 psig B A
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Q: 714 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
T: 120 F
Q: 736MMPCND
P: 1197 psig
Filtro
00-21-0301A
Q: 370 MMPCND
P: 1199 psig B A
Depurador Q: 0 MMPCND
00-16-0301 A
Corriente de entrada Q: 367 MMPCND
Filtro
00-21-0301B Q: 780 MMPCND
P: 1199 psig
P: 1190.7psig
Q: 1500 MMPCND
Depurador T: 120 F
P: 1200 psig
T: 142 F
00-16-0301 B
De esta opcin se obtiene una distribucin de flujo no equitativa aunque los equipos
operaran por debajo de su capacidad de diseo. Al sacar fuera de servicio el filtro A,
estaran pasando 19 MMPCND por encima de la capacidad de diseo del filtro B y no
cumple con el criterio de cada de presin, la Torre A manejara 66 MMPCND de gas
por encima de la torre B y 30 MMPCND por encima de su capacidad de diseo. Al
momento de realizar mantenimiento al nuevo tren (C) quedara el sistema con la
condicin actual (preferencia de flujo al filtro B). Por tanto no se recomienda esta
propuesta porque no se mantiene el balance hidrulico en todas las condiciones de
operacin analizadas.
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Tabla 12 Resultados Trenes Independientes
Q: 715 MMPCND
P: 1190.7psig
Q: 756 MMPCND
T: 120 F
P: 1196psig
T: 142 F
Q: 756 MMPCND
Corriente de entrada P: 1198 psig
Tren depurador/filtro A
Depurador Filtro
00-21-0301A B A
00-16-0301 A
Tren depurador/filtro B
Q: 1500 MMPCND Depurador Filtro Q:779MMPCND
P: 1200 psig
00-16-0301 B 00-21-0301B P: 1190.7psig
T: 142 F T: 120 F
Q: 740MMPCND Q: 740 MMPCND
P: 1198 psig P: 1196psig
T: 142 F
Alineando la salida de los depuradores a cada filtro, se observa una mejor distribucin
de flujo hacia los filtros, sin embargo, no se le estara dando flexibilidad y confiabilidad
a la planta. La distribucin de flujo hacia las torres sigue el mismo esquema de las
simulaciones anteriores.
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Para que esta propuesta sea viable se requiere la incorporacin de un tercer filtro y
depurador para que al sacar fuera de servicio alguno de los trenes se envie en todo
momento gas dentro de especificaciones hacia deshidratacin sin afectacin por
quema de gas.
Q: 713 MMPCND
P: 1189.4 psig
T: 120 F
Q: 1500 MMPCND
P: 1200 psig
Q: 228 MMPCND
T: 142 F
Corriente de entrada P: 1198 psig
Tren depurador/filtro A B A
Depurador Filtro
00-21-0301A
00-16-0301 A
Q: 500 MMPCND Q:781MMPCND
P: 1198 psig Tren depurador/filtro B P: 1189.4psig
Depurador Filtro T: 120 F
00-16-0301 B 00-21-0301B
Tren depurador/filtro C
Depurador Dimetro Filtro
00-16-0301 C 24plg 00-21-0301B
Q:765 MMPCND
P: 1196psig
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Tabla 13 Tres (03) Trenes Independientes
Q: 713 MMPCND
P: 1189.4 psig
T: 120 F
Corriente de entrada
Tren depurador/filtro A B A
Depurador Filtro
Q: 1500 MMPCND 00-21-0301A
00-16-0301 A
P: 1200 psig
T: 142 F Q: 728 MMPCND Q:781MMPCND
P: 1198 psig
Tren depurador/filtro B P: 1189.4psig
Depurador Filtro T: 120 F
00-16-0301 B 00-21-0301B
Tren depurador/filtro C
Depurador Dimetro Filtro
00-16-0301 C 24plg 00-21-0301B
Q:767 MMPCND
P: 1196psig
Q: 713 MMPCND
P: 1189.4 psig
T: 120 F
Q: 729 MMPCND
Corriente de entrada P: 1198 psig
Tren depurador/filtro A B A
Depurador Filtro
Q: 1500 MMPCND
00-21-0301A
P: 1200 psig 00-16-0301 A
T: 142 F
Q:781MMPCND
Tren depurador/filtro B P: 1189.4psig
Depurador Filtro T: 120 F
00-16-0301 B 00-21-0301B
Tren depurador/filtro C
Depurador Filtro
00-16-0301 C 00-21-0301B
Q:766 MMPCND
P: 1196psig
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Tabla 15 Tres (03) Trenes Independientes F/S Tren B
Bajo esta opcin se observa que la independizacin por trenes y un tren adicional,
logra dar flexibilidad y confiabilidad operacional al sistema para los mantenimientos de
trenes existentes y los equipos y tuberas trabajaran por debajo de sus capacidades
de diseo.
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12 Vlvulas de compuertas de 24 API 6A (cero fuga). Se recomienda vlvulas de
expansin simple por limitaciones de espacio.
02 Medidores de flujo tipo annubar capacidad para manejar 750 MMPCND para la
salida de cada torre.
Nota: se cuenta con un stop de 06 vlvulas de bola 24 ANSI 600 (API 6D) de Febrero
del 2011 para Pigap II que se pueden disponer para estos arreglos.
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10 EVALUACIN DEPURADORES
Los internos que poseen los depuradores de entrada son: placa deflectora en la
primera etapa de separacin y caja de vanes en la tercera etapa de separacin, ver
Anexo 7, de los cuales se tienen los siguientes resultados:
Alto momento de entrada, entre 11700 y 13060 kg/m*s2, muy superior a los 1500
kg/m*s2 que se recomienda para las placas deflectoras (segn Norma Shell DEP
31.22.05.11-Gen), y que resulta en rompimiento de gotas de lquido cuando el flujo
choca contra esta.
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Flujo a la entrada del separador en rgimen estratificado con olas, el 64% del
lquido se encuentra disperso como gotas en el gas, que por el choque con el
interno de entrada las gotas pasan de un tamao por encima de 100 micras a 35
micras aproximadamente. Estando este parmetro fuera del valor esperado, ver
Anexo 8.
Los demisters tipo vanes, no se recomienda para presiones mayores de 550 a 700
psig, ya que pierde eficiencia a partir de estas presiones segn Norma
Exxon/Worley Parsons MSPDS-002006.
Flujo de gas a una velocidad de 1.56 m/s a travs del separador, lo que asumiendo
que la distribucin de flujo es homognea, resultara en una velocidad de
aproximadamente 0.5 m/s (1.64 ft/s) a travs del vane, la velocidad mxima
permitida para este interno es de 0.17 m/s (0.56 ft/s) segn Norma Exxon/Worley
Parsons MSPDS-002006.
Se estima que entre 200 y 500 barriles de lquido por da son arrastrados aguas
abajo de los depuradores, hacia los filtros y las torres contactoras, ver Anexo 8.
A pesar de que el clculo indica que los depuradores podran manejar un flujo
mximo de 340 MMPCND, debido a la presin de operacin, el interno tipo vanes,
va a ser muy poco eficiente independientemente de la velocidad como se muestra
en la Figura 21.
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Los internos que poseen los depuradores de la torre contactora son: placa deflectora
en la primera etapa de separacin y demister tipo malla en la tercera etapa de
separacin, ver Anexo 4, en los cuales se tienen los siguientes comentarios:
Alto momento de entrada, entre 11600 y 13000 kg/m*s2, muy superior a los 1500
kg/m*s2 que se recomienda para las placas deflectoras, y que resulta en
rompimiento de gotas de lquido cuando el flujo choca contra esta.
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Flujo a la entrada del separador en rgimen estratificado con olas, el 62% del
lquido se encuentra disperso como gotas en el gas, que por el choque con el
interno de entrada las gotas pasan de un tamao por encima de 100 micras a 35
micras aproximadamente.
Mala distribucin de flujo como resultado del trayecto en forma de S del flujo de
gas inducido por el dispositivo de entrada.
Se estima que la gran mayora de lquido que entra a la columna disperso en el gas
es arrastrado aguas abajo hacia el empaque estructurado de la torre contactora.
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PDVSA
HOJA PARA EVALUAR DEPURADORES
GAS VERTICALES
_____________________________ ____________________________________________ __________________
LOCALIDAD PIGAP II
SERVICIO DEPURADORES TORRES CONTACTORAS
FECHA 16/10/2012
RESUMEN DE RESULTADOS
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EVALUACIN FACILIDADES DE ENTRADA Y
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Mediante la tcnica de ultrasonido de haz angular por arreglo de fase, se visualiz las
condiciones de pared de espesor de los equipos, a continuacin se muestra el
resumen de sus condiciones.
Para este punto se contactaron empresas especialistas, de las cuales, dos empresas
respondieron y presentaron una propuesta formal como se muestra a continuacin:
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EVALUACIN FACILIDADES DE ENTRADA Y
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10.5 PROPUESTA 1
Depuradores de entrada
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EVALUACIN FACILIDADES DE ENTRADA Y
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Adicionalmente se debe incorporar en la tubera de salida de gas un depurador en
lnea tipo ciclnico, para asegurar una separacin eficiente con altos volmenes. Las
dimensiones aproximadas del recipiente serian 1 m de dimetro y 1.6m de largo, la
eficiencia del separador seria superior al 98% removiendo partculas > 10 micrones y
la cada de presin mxima esperada es de 2 psig, ver Figura 24.
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EVALUACIN FACILIDADES DE ENTRADA Y
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10.6 PROPUESTA 2
Depuradores de Entrada
Esta empresa propone el cambio de los deflectores de entrada por una placa de
choque con cabezal invertido, este tipo de deflector abrir el flujo de forma de paragua
generando una dispersin volumtrica esferoidal obligando al liquido a precipitar y el
gas a ocupar el volumen del cilindro dirigindose de forma uniforme hacia los bancos
de Vanes. De forma paralela se reemplazar el banco de Vanes existentes, por un
nuevo Banco de Vanes, garantizando una eficiencia de 99% de remocin para
partculas liquidas mayores a 8 micrones (La instalacin se realizar por la boca de
visita existente evitando soldadura al cuerpo del equipo- estampe U-R), en la Figura
26 se muestra esta propuesta.
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EVALUACIN FACILIDADES DE ENTRADA Y
DESHIDRATACION PIGAP II
11 CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES
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Como recomendacin se tiene que se debe ajustar la dosificacin del caudal de Glicol
para el flujo de gas a ser tratado para reducir las prdidas del mismo por
sobredosificacin, ya que el sistema no realiza este ajuste de forma automtica. Para
ello se requiere un medidor de flujo multivarible a la salida de cada torre contactora.
Para mejorar la distribucin hidrulica del gas, darle flexibilidad al sistema, mejorar la
hermeticidad en filtros de entrada, y reducir los tiempos de paro de planta por cegado
y descegados de torres contactoras de glicol se requiere independizar mecnicamente
las facilidades de entrada y torres contactoras de glicol, mediante un arreglo de
tuberas simtrico y la incorporacin de vlvulas de seccionamiento (hermticamente
seguras) en puntos estratgicos de la red de tuberas existente. Ver Figura 19, seccin
8.
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12 ANEXOS
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LUGAR DE MUESTREO: Estacion COT,COA,SB y Planta Pigap-II APROBADO POR: YULSE YEGUEZ
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CDS Separation Systems
HOJA DE DATOS
Fecha 24/08/2012 No. de Referencia: CDS
Compaa / Cliente PDVSA No. de Referencia: Cliente
EVALUACIN DEL SISTEMA DE
TRATAMIENTO DE GAS
Luis Valera / David Mndez/
Persona Responsable Nombre del proyecto PLANTA DE INYECCIN DE GAS A
Jos Muoz
ALTA PRESIN
PIGAP II
Telfono 0291-6402942 / 0412-8793357 Campo / Plataforma / Planta PIGAP II
Depuradores de entrada tratamiento
FAX Separador / Depurador
de Gas PIGAP II
valeralu@pdvsa.com
Email mendezdp@pdvsa.com No. de Identificacin (Etiqueta) 00-16-0301 A/B
muozjlg@pdvsa.com
NUEVOS
Se puede entregar: dibujos del depurador / separador en formato electrnico? Si No
Se puede entregar: diagramas de sistemas de tubera, instrumentacin, proceso y operacin? Si No
Estn predeterminados los dimetros de las boquillas? Por favor llene la tabla de boquillas. Si No
Est predeterminada la mxima cada de presin permisible en el separador? Por favor explique con detalle. Si No
Existir formacin de espuma en el crudo? Por favor explique con detalle. Si No
Existen parafinas o asfltenos en el flujo de entrada? Por favor explique con detalle. Si No
Cada de presin mxima:
Formacin de espuma en el crudo:
Problema de parafinas / asfltenos:
Descripcin de otros problemas:
Comentarios adicionales:
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Separation Systems
TENDER
for
PDVSA
SEPARATION INTERNALS
Approved by:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Foreword ................................................................................................................................. 3
2 Process Design........................................................................................................................ 4
2.1 Inlet Gas Scrubber: 00-16-0301A ..................................................................................... 4
2.1.1 Proposed internals and considerations ........................................................................ 4
2.1.2 Preliminary Vessel General Arrangement .................................................................... 7
2.1.3 Vessel Sizing Summary Sheet ..................................................................................... 8
2.2 InLine DeMister Bundle .................................................................................................. 10
2.2.1 Proposed internals and considerations ...................................................................... 10
2.2.2 Preliminary Vessel General Arrangement .................................................................. 11
2.3 Glycol Contactor/Scrubber: 00-16-0511.......................................................................... 12
2.3.1 Proposed internals and considerations ...................................................................... 12
2.3.2 Preliminary Vessel General Arrangement .................................................................. 15
2.3.3 Vessel Sizing Summary Sheet ................................................................................... 16
2.4 Description of Proposed Internals ................................................................................... 17
2.4.1 Evenflow HE Inlet Device........................................................................................... 17
2.4.2 Mesh Type Agglomerator........................................................................................... 17
2.4.3 Spiraflow Cyclones .................................................................................................... 18
3 Equipment Price and Delivery ................................................................................................ 20
3.1 Equipment Price ............................................................................................................. 20
3.2 Delivery .......................................................................................................................... 20
4 Commercial Section ............................................................................................................... 22
4.1 Commercial Terms and Conditions ................................................................................. 22
4.2 Payment Terms .............................................................................................................. 22
4.3 Validity............................................................................................................................ 22
4.4 Value Added Tax ............................................................................................................ 22
4.5 Place of Origin ................................................................................................................ 22
4.6 Expediting and Inspecting............................................................................................... 23
4.7 Guarantee of Goods ....................................................................................................... 23
4.8 Third Party Inspection ..................................................................................................... 23
5 Documentation....................................................................................................................... 24
6 Scope of Supply ..................................................................................................................... 25
6.1 Inlet Gas Scrubber: 00-16-0301A ................................................................................... 25
6.2 InLine DeMister .............................................................................................................. 25
6.3 Glycol Contactor/Scrubber: 00-16-0511.......................................................................... 25
7 Quality Assurance .................................................................................................................. 27
Appendix A. Terms and Conditions ............................................................................................... 28
2
Separation Systems
1 Foreword
PDVSA has invited FMC Separation Systems to propose retrofit internals for the existing Inlet Gas
Scrubber and Glycol Contactor vessels.
The following proposal details the internals as recommended by FMC Separation Systems. Based on
discussion with the client, the stated objective is to:
- Improve the dehydration efficiency at the glycol contactor to prevent corrosion due to moisture
once the gas is injected into the reservoir,
- Improve quality of combustible gas from the inlet separator,
- Improve metering and control,
- Reduce glycol losses from the Glycol Contactor, and
- Eliminate accumulation of paraffin residue in the packed section of the Glycol Contactor.
Therefore, the separation equipment presented in the following pages are recommended in order to
meet the above objectives.
In summary, the retrofit internals offered by FMC Separations Systems offer the most robust internals
design minimizing the risk of vessel carryover due to poor flow distribution, ultimately leading to
improved vessel performance and problem free operation.
3
Separation Systems
2 Process Design
Evenflow HE
Anti re-entrainment baffle
Internals Supports
Please find a detailed description of the proposed internals in the last paragraph of this Chapter 1.
Design Considerations
The design presented here is based on information submitted in the clients datasheet. Process data
and properties extracted from this source are summarized in the table below. The client is requested
to review confirm all values:
Minimo Maximo
Environment
Gas
Oil
1
Value assumed by FMC. Client requested to confirm.
4
Separation Systems
Inlet section
The existing vessel is equipped with an inlet baffle for distribution of the incoming flow. Due to the
high inlet momentum, the baffle arrangement is not optimum for distribution of liquid droplets across
the vessel cross section leading to reduced separation performance downstream. Therefore, we
propose to replace the inlet baffle with an Evenflow HE.
An Evenflow HE vane type inlet device is the recommended inlet device for this vessel. The Evenflow
HE inlet device is used to decrease inlet momentum and minimize shear applied to incoming fluids.
This allows for the removal of any bulk liquids and solids that may be present in the incoming feed
stream, and helps evenly distribute the gas flow over the vessel cross section. Even flow distribution is
necessary in order to minimise any chance of channelling occurring through the downstream devices
and to maximise gravity separation.
Due to the high inlet momentum and the short distance from the inlet device to the liquid level in the
vessel, we suggest installing a liquid surface protection baffle. The baffle will avoid liquid entrainment
from the liquid surface.
Gas Demisting
The existing vessel also has a demisting vane bank installed at the gas outlet. Due to the high
operating pressure and gas outlet momentum, the use of a demisting vane bank is not recommended.
However, at this time, the vane bank will remain and can be used as an agglomerator for the
demisting equipment to be located in the gas outlet piping downstream.
Material of Construction
The separation equipment proposed here will be of stainless steel 316/316L material of construction,
and will be installed through the manway of the vessel. No hot work will be required.
Pressure Drop
Assuming that the inside diameters of the connecting piping are the same as for the inlet and gas
outlet nozzles given in 'Preliminary Vessel General Arrangement', the flange to flange pressure drop
will not exceed 110 mbar.
5
Separation Systems
Process Requirements
In order to confirm separation performance of the vessel and to assure that the internals design is
adequate, the following requirements apply:
- Client is requested to confirm vessel dimensions and nozzle internal diameters are as shown
in the Preliminary Vessel General Arrangement.
- The upstream piping is considered to have the same ID as the inlet nozzle for a length of at
least 20 times the inlet nozzle ID and within that length no major disturbances or pressure
drops are present. If the upstream piping does not match these requirements client is expected
to provide the actual layout for further evaluation.
- Client is expected to provide all available information regarding flow data, fluid properties, flow
fluctuations, fluid foaming tendency and fluid fouling tendency. Unless specifically mentioned,
flow data is assumed to include design margin.
- The vessel is assumed to be equipped with adequate level control system (and interface level
control system, if applicable) to assure operation within the specified level ranges. Client is
requested to inform FMC of level control philosophy, if any, in order to assure this is in line with
separation internals process design.
6
Separation Systems
Evenflow HE
1829 ID
HHLL +450
Liquid Levels**
LAH 356 mm
NLL 305 mm
LAL 254 mm
LALL 100 mm
**Note: The LAH is suggested to be reduced to 1-2 from 36 in order to lower the vessel K-Value
from 0.66 m/s to 0.38 m/s. This decreases the velocity across the liquid level, thereby reducing the
amount of liquid re-entrainment to the mist eliminator. The client is kindly requested to confirm the
liquid levels recommended in the table above.
7
Separation Systems
Process summary
Oil Water Gas
Pressure =
1210.00 psig Flow : 1000.0 bbl/d 0.0 bbl/d 758.5 MMRft/d
Temperature = Density : 62.89 lb/ft 1000.00 kg/m 4.07 lb/ft
118.0 F Viscosity : 0.600 cP 0.500 cP 0.015 cP
Surface tension : 20.00 dyne/cm 70.00 dyne/cm
Vessel data
Nozzle Table
N.B I.D Minimum I.D Velocity rho-v Pressure drop
(in) (m) (m) (m/s) (kg/ms) (mbar)
Liquid levels
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Separation Systems
Process summary
Oil Water Gas
Pressure =
1230.00 psig Flow : 1000.0 bbl/d 0.0 bbl/d 755.5 MMRft/d
Temperature = Density : 62.89 lb/ft 1000.00 kg/m 4.07 lb/ft
155.0 F Viscosity : 0.600 cP 0.500 cP 0.015 cP
Surface tension : 20.00 dyne/cm 70.00 dyne/cm
Vessel data
Nozzle Table
N.B I.D Minimum I.D Velocity rho-v Pressure drop
(in) (m) (m) (m/s) (kg/ms) (mbar)
Liquid levels
9
Separation Systems
Vessel housing
Spiraflow Cyclones
Please find a detailed description of the proposed internals in the last paragraph of this Chapter 1.
Design Considerations
The design presented here is based on information submitted in the clients datasheet. Process data
and properties extracted from this source are summarized in the table below. The client is requested
to review confirm all values:
Minimo Maximo
Environment
Gas
Oil
2
Flow bbl/d 755 755
Density lb/ft 62.89 62.89
3
Viscosity cP 0.600 0.600
3
Gas / Oil Interfacial Tension dyne/cm 20.00 20.00
FMC has considered an InLine DeMister Bundle to collect entrained liquid from the gas outlet of the
Inlet Separator 00-16-0301A.
The inline DeMister bundle considered will act as an inline scrubber and will contain Spiraflow
Cyclones to separate entrained liquids from the gas. The removed liquid will be routed back to the
2
This liquid flow rate is assumed by FMC, and is the expected liquid flow to the gas outlet nozzle after an
Evenflow HE has been installed on the vessel inlet nozzle. The client is requested to confirm.
3
Value assumed by FMC. Client requested to confirm.
10
Separation Systems
liquid compartment of the Inlet Separator. The envisaged device can be installed vertically, depending
on the available space in the facility.
FMCs Spiraflow Cyclone mist eliminators will be housed in a vessel and used to remove liquid
droplets that would otherwise exit through the outlet nozzle. These are high performance axial flow
cyclones that can operate very efficiently at high pressures. Spiraflow Cyclone mist eliminators are
designed for removal of liquid droplets from gas. The Spiraflow Cyclone is of compact construction
characterised by a low pressure drop where its principle of operation is based on the separation of the
liquid by centrifugal force.
The following schematic drawings are preliminary illustrations of the proposed InLine Demisting
bundle:
11
Separation Systems
Evenflow HE
Anti Re-entrainment baffle
1 off Spiraflow Cyclones Deck
Internals Supports
Please find a detailed description of the proposed internals in the last paragraph of this Chapter 1.
Design Considerations
The design presented here is intended to retrofit the bottom section of the Glycol Contactor 00-16-
0511. Process data and properties have been extracted from the datasheet submitted by the client,
and are summarized in the table below. The client is requested to review confirm all values:
Minimo Maximo
Environment
Gas
Oil
4
Value assumed by FMC. Client requested to confirm.
12
Separation Systems
Inlet section
The existing vessel is equipped with an inlet baffle for distribution of the incoming flow. Due to the
high inlet momentum, the baffle arrangement is not optimum for distribution of liquid droplets across
the vessel cross section leading to reduced separation performance. Therefore, we propose to
replace the inlet baffle with an Evenflow HE.
An Evenflow HE vane type inlet device is the recommended inlet device for this vessel. The Evenflow
HE inlet device is used to decrease inlet momentum and minimize shear applied to incoming fluids.
This allows for the removal of any bulk liquids and solids that may be present in the incoming feed
stream, and helps evenly distribute the gas flow over the vessel cross section. Even flow distribution is
necessary in order to minimise any chance of channelling occurring through the downstream devices
and to maximise gravity separation.
Due to the high inlet momentum and the short distance from the inlet device to the liquid level in the
vessel, we suggest installing a liquid surface protection baffle. The baffle will avoid liquid entrainment
from the liquid surface.
Mist Elimination
Final demisting will be carried out by FMCs Spiraflow Cyclone eliminators to remove liquid droplets
that would otherwise exit through the gas outlet nozzle. This is to eliminate clogging of the mist
eliminator due to excessive paraffin residue from liquid carryover in the inlet section of the contactor.
It should be noted that modifications of the existing chimney tray are not part of this proposal at this
time.
The Spiraflow Cyclones are high performance axial flow cyclones that can operate very efficiently at
high pressures. Spiraflow Cyclone mist eliminators are designed for removal of liquid droplets from
gas. The Spiraflow Cyclone is of compact construction characterised by a low pressure drop where its
principle of operation is based on the separation of the liquid by centrifugal force.
It is recommended that flow distribution through the Spiraflow Cyclones be verified with a
Computational Fluid Dynamic Study. The client is requested to advise whether this is of interest, and
FMC will revert with cost and delivery impact.
Material of Construction
The separation equipment proposed here will be of stainless steel 316/316L material of construction,
and will be installed through the manway of the vessel. No hot work will be required.
13
Separation Systems
Pressure Drop
Assuming that the inside diameters of the connecting piping are the same as for the inlet and gas
outlet nozzles given in 'Preliminary Vessel General Arrangement', the flange to flange pressure drop
of the inlet section with the EvenFlow and Spiraflow Cyclones will not exceed 160 mbar.
Process Requirements
In order to confirm separation performance of the vessel and to assure that the internals design is
adequate, the following requirements apply:
- Client is requested to confirm vessel dimensions and nozzle internal diameters are as shown
in the Preliminary Vessel General Arrangement.
- The upstream piping is considered to have the same ID as the inlet nozzle for a length of at
least 20 times the inlet nozzle ID and within that length no major disturbances or pressure
drops are present. If the upstream piping does not match these requirements client is expected
to provide the actual layout for further evaluation.
- Client is expected to provide all available information regarding flow data, fluid properties, flow
fluctuations, fluid foaming tendency and fluid fouling tendency. Unless specifically mentioned,
flow data is assumed to include design margin.
- The vessel is assumed to be equipped with adequate level control system (and interface level
control system, if applicable) to assure operation within the specified level ranges. Client is
requested to inform FMC of level control philosophy, if any, in order to assure this is in line with
separation internals process design.
14
Separation Systems
Liquid Levels**
HHLL 700 mm
HLL 575 mm
NLL 450 mm
LLL 325 mm
LLLL 200 mm
**Client is kindly requested to confirm/advise liquid levels
15
Separation Systems
Cyclone details
Spira-Flow 50 or Spira-Flow 80 (50/80) 80
Vessel dimensions
Body Flange (y/n) n
Meshpad coalescer (y/n) n
Pressure drop
Vessel "K" factor (m/s) 0.1033 0.1081 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Inlet losses (mbar) 58 64 0 0 0
Meshpad coalescer losses (mbar) 0 0 0 0 0
Spira-Flow cyclone losses (mbar) 51 55 0 0 0
Outlet losses (mbar) 26 28 0 0 0
16
Separation Systems
The Evenflow HE inlet device is used to decrease the momentum of the incoming feed stream, allow
for the removal of any bulk liquids and solids that may be present and to evenly distribute the gas flow
over the vessel cross section. The even distribution is necessary in order to minimise any chance of
channelling occurring through the downstream devices and to maximise gravity separation. A typical
Evenflow HE inlet device is shown below.
The mesh type agglomerator is mounted upstream of the mist eliminating assembly. The difference
between the mesh type agglomerator and the mesh type demister is that the former is designed to
operate in a flooded condition. This has the effect of enlarging the sizes of the upstream droplets thus
increasing the amount of liquid removal within the downstream device thereby substantially improving
the efficiency of the vessel. Further since it provides a pressure drop prior to the mist eliminator any
slight maldistribution present on the face of the mesh will be evened out prior to the gas entering it.
A photograph showing different varieties of mesh is given below.
17
Separation Systems
18
Separation Systems
causing the entrained liquids and solids to be thrown against the wall of the cyclone tube. These
separated liquids and solids are then removed through discharge slits along with 10-15% of the
incoming gas flow (purge gas).
The cyclones are mounted in a casing into which the separated liquids and solids collect from where
they gravity drain into the drain pan in the bottom of the vessel.
The purge gas re-enters the cyclone radially through the swirl tip (2) after passing through the recycle
tube (4). This ensures that if the purge gas contains any entrained liquids or solids they have a second
chance of removal before the gas exits the cyclone through the exit collar (1).
It should be noted that as 10-15% of the gas flow is used as purge gas, the possibility of fouling the
discharge slits and the recycle tube (4) is eliminated.
19
Separation Systems
Total $1,496,400
Notes:
1. Prices given are based on the process conditions supplied by the client and are not finalized until final
design process conditions are given and reviewed.
2. Client is kindly asked to verify the process conditions used on the Vessel Design Sizing Sheet provided,
as some of the missing information might have been assumed and/or calculated.
3. FMC reserves the right to modify final price of the internals after mechanical drawings have been
submitted for review and proper installation supports are chosen
4. The above-mentioned prices apply to a purchase of the complete scope. Prices mentioned are not take-
out prices for individual items.
3.2 Delivery
We offer to supply all the internals Ex-Works Europe within 16 - 24 weeks from order award.
Actual delivery time will depend on workload at the time the Purchase Order is received, and will be
discussed at a later time prior to the PO acceptance.
20
Separation Systems
3.4 Options
3.4.1 Spares
At present we have included for the supply of at least 10% extra internals gasket material and at least
10% extra bolting.
3.4.2 Storage
We offer to store the fully assembled equipment free of charge for the first month only, after which
there would be a storage charge.
3.4.3 Installation
FMC Separation Systems can provide qualified personnel to attend the project design offices and
assist with on-site installation, commissioning and start-up of the described equipment. For these
services a charge shall be made which is based on CDS Separation Systems published rates as
shown below. Training can also be provided for the clients operating and maintenance staff, the cost
of which depends on the number of staff attending and the time duration.
Normal hours shall mean 40 hours per week (5 days at 8 hours/day). Saturday / Sunday hours will be
charged at time plus one half.
General
21
Separation Systems
4 Commercial Section
In case of payment by means of a Letter of Credit the delivery condition shall be CFR and the
shipment cost will be charged to the client in case not already included in the price in section 2.1.
4.3 Validity
Our main equipment prices are fixed and firm for a period of 30 days from date of quotation and shall
not be subject to escalation throughout the contract period.
However, please note that quoted prices are based upon steel prices acquired at the time of the bid.
As steel prices are presently changing rapidly, we reserve the right to apply a steel surcharge for
increases incurred between Bid Date and eventual Order Date.
22
Separation Systems
23
Separation Systems
5 Documentation
Our offer has been based on the supply of the following documentation in English.
The period mentioned above is to be fixed after/during order placement. The schedule is
based on receipt of detailed (electronic) vessel drawings before or with the PO. In case
these drawings are received later, the documentation and/or hardware delivery may be
affected.
It is our company policy to provide documents and drawings in PDF format only.
24
Separation Systems
6 Scope of Supply
Evenflow HE
Anti Re-entrainment Baffle
Internals Supports
Interface bolting - Material of Construction: SS316 according DIN 933/934
Interface Gaskets - Material of Construction: PTFE
Vessel Enclosure
Spiraflow Cyclones
Evenflow HE
Anti Re-entrainment Baffle
1 off Spiraflow Cyclones Deck
Internals Supports
Interface bolting - Material of Construction: SS316 according DIN 933/934
Interface Gaskets - Material of Construction: PTFE
Notes
1. Material Certificates to be in accordance with EN 10204 3.1 with the exception of bolting, mesh and
gaskets that are in accordance with EN 10204 2.1.
2. We have included for the pickling and passivating of the metallic internals within CDS supply with
the exception of bolting and mesh.
3. All items in FMC supply will be made removable through the vessel manway. The designs and
pricing are based on the manway Inside Diameters as given in this tender. In case of smaller
manway ID, the price of the internals may be affected.
4. The chance of damage through Explosive Decompression with PTFE is very small. This is not
because gas cannot enter the material since PTFE is permeable especially by gases with a low
molecular weight. It is because the point of saturation is rapidly reached. This means that the
25
Separation Systems
amount of gas that can expand and cause damage through Explosive Decompression is very
small. Extensive Explosive Decompression tests on PTFE backup rings have been performed.
Damage to these rings was never found.
5. In the fabrication of internals then only CRAs are used and as such reference should be made to
NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3:2003.
When NACE MR0175/ISO 15156:2003 is a requirement CDS ensure that the hardness of the
parent materials that are to be used in the fabrication of the final component are compliant in terms
of hardness, per clause 6.2.1 of NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3:2003, but during and after the
fabrication cycle no additional checks are performed. Within the NACE MR0175/ISO 15156:2003
specifications there is very little reference to cold forming processes that is the normal method in
the fabrication of internals. In this regard, for corrosion resistant alloys, reference should be made
clause A1.5.3 of NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3 where it states that "Cold deformation processes
such as burnishing that do not impart cold work exceeding that incidental to normal machining
operations, such as turning or boring, rolling, threading, drilling, etc., are acceptable".
The weld procedures used in the fabrication of the internals are qualified with hardness surveys
that are in compliance to clause 6.2.2.2 of NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3.
For bolting reference should be made to clause A1.5.2 of NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-3 that states
"Threads produced using a machine-cutting process are acceptable. Threads produced by cold
forming (rolling) are acceptable on CRAs and other alloys if the material and the limits of its
application otherwise comply with this part of NACE MR0175/ISO 15156".
Specific comments / exceptions to the most common materials employed in the construction are
covered below.
Per Table A.2 that covers the Environmental and material limits for austenitic stainless steels used
for any equipment or components the restrictions specified are:
Unless otherwise noted FMC assumes that the client has considered all of the above
limitations prior to accepting type 316 stainless steel for the manufacture of the internals.
6. Note that galvanic corrosion tends to occur when dissimilar conducting materials are connected
electrically and exposed to an electrolyte. The following fundamental requirements therefore have
to be met for galvanic corrosion:
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Separation Systems
Electrolyte (the corrosive medium) in contact with the dissimilar conducting materials.
When placed in an electrolyte, different metals/alloys assume different corrosion potentials. It is this
potential difference that is the driving force for galvanic current flow. The less noble material in the
galvanic couple will become the anode and tend to undergo accelerated corrosion, while the more
noble material (acting as a cathode) will tend to experience reduced corrosion effects. However, in
some cases, chemical species produced at the cathode can degrade certain cathode materials.
Vessels with salt water (the majority of three phase separators, or water continuous two phase
separators) are subject to potential damage by galvanic corrosion.
There are two ways to prevent this:
Galvanic corrosion needs an electrolyte, namely salt water. Therefore isolation of stainless steel
internals only needs to occur in three phase vessels, or water continuous two phase vessels, for
the stainless steel / carbon steel contact with the liquid phase. For vessels fitted with anodes or
internally coated vessels no precautions are necessary.
All internals in the gas phase are very unlikely to suffer since the presence of salt water is very
limited. Therefore only internals situated below the HHLL (worst case) would be considered to be
affected by the possibility of galvanic corrosion. Further note that it is technically not possible to
supply isolation kits for vane and mesh type internals.
As a standard, FMC does not supply isolation kits with stainless steel internals. We assume
customer has taken sufficient precautions to avoid the risk for galvanic corrosion by other means.
If the above interpretation does not meet with customer acceptance then additional costs may
apply.
7 Quality Assurance
FMC Separation Systems work to a fully accredited Quality System to NEN-EN-ISO 9001: 2008.
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Separation Systems
1. BUYER: Buyer means unless otherwise specified and agreed, the entity named in the agreement, which is procuring
the Products.
2. PRODUCTS: Product(s) mean products of Sellers manufacture, including those products which are made utilizing, in
accordance with or embodying FMC Confidential Information.
3. SERVICES: Service(s) means service incidental to the supervision of products and/or technical assistance related to
those products thereafter on an as needed basis. Service does not mean service on a routine, scheduled or ongoing
basis. Any service arrangement for service on a routine, scheduled or ongoing basis shall be covered by a separate
agreement.
4. SELLER: Seller means, unless otherwise specified and agreed, FMC Separation Systems B.V., a company organised
and existing under the Laws of the Netherlands and having his registered office at Delta 101, 6825 MN Arnhem, The
Netherlands.
5. PRICES / PAYMENT: Payment is to be made in EURO, unless otherwise specified, NET THIRTY (30) DAYS. Prices
invoiced will be those in effect at the time of shipment. All prices apply Ex. Works point of manufacture. Seller supplying
the Product (defined as the goods or equipment supplied) under this Agreement (defined as all the commercial, legal or
technical documents issued by Seller to govern the design, manufacture and/or supply of its Product such as these
conditions, together with such documents as are expressly accepted in writing by the Seller), reserves the right to place
a service charge on past due accounts at the highest rate permitted by law. Seller shall invoice Buyer the full order
price and for any additional expenses incurred by Seller when delivery is suspended pursuant to Buyer's actions,
omissions or written instructions. If quoted, inland freight charges from Seller's factory to port of shipment, port
handling charges, and ocean freight charges are estimates at quotation time. Actual charges will be invoiced.
In the event of non-payment by Buyer, Seller shall have the right to suspend fulfillment of its obligations after fifteen
(15) calendar days from the due date of payment. Buyer shall compensate Seller for all his documented expenses in
relation to such suspension. Should the invoice continue to remain unpaid, Seller shall have the right to terminate the
Contract after sixty (40) calendar days from the due date of payment. Buyer shall compensate Seller for all his expenses
in relation to such termination.
6. WARRANTY:
A. Seller warrants Products and/or Services for a period of 18 months from shipment or 1 year from installation,
whichever is earlier, and for a period of 1 year to the extent Seller, at its option, repairs or replaces, Ex. Works point of
manufacture, any such Products if by reason of faulty material or workmanship they prove defective under normal use
and service and when operated at the operating conditions as specified in the applicable data sheet and/or specifically
agreed upon by Seller in writing, and when properly installed; provided, however, that Seller does not warrant seals or
packing materials in equipment handling, special or corrosive fluids, operating at unusual temperatures or pressures,
improper lubrication, misapplication, lighting, or improper voltage supply. Deterioration by chemical action and wear
caused by the presence of abrasive materials, do not constitute defects. EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED HEREIN,
THE FOREGOING IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THOSE OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
B. This warranty shall not apply to Product subject to misuse, neglect or accident. Seller shall not assume responsibility
for rebuilding, repairing special plating, coating, welding, or heat treating performed outside Seller's plant by or at the
request of the Buyer. Product not of Seller's manufacture, special plating, coatings, or heat treatment applied to Seller's
Product is not warranted in any way by Seller.
7. LIMITATION OF REMEDY AND LIABILITY: Seller's liability, including that for breach of contract, negligence,
strict liability in tort, or otherwise, for its Products and/or Services and Buyer's exclusive remedy shall be limited to (a)
the repair or replacement (but not installation) of parts found defective by Seller, Ex. Works Seller's factory if returned
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Separation Systems
to the factory for inspection, transportation charges paid, or (b) if, in Seller's opinion, repair or replacement will not
remedy a claimed Products and/or Services deficiency, or if Sellers Products and/or Services do not comply with the
description or specification set forth in the contract, to repayment of any amounts paid on the purchase price,
cancellation of the order and acceptance of the Product Ex. Works point of manufacture. However, if the Product has
been in use for a period of thirty (30) days, Seller reserves the right to make a reasonable depreciation charge. Any
Product replaced or repaired by Seller shall be warranted for an additional one (1) year from replacement date or repair
completion date. Notwithstanding the above and any other provision herein to the contrary, if Seller fails or refuses to
supply goods, perform services, repair defective goods or re-perform defective services and Buyer elects to have a third
party supply goods, perform services, repair defective goods or re-perform services, then Sellers liability should be
limited to the difference between the contract value and the amount actually incurred by the Buyer for said third party
performance, but in no case shall such amount exceed + 10% of the contract value, irrespective of any negligence on
the part of Seller.
9. FORCE MAJEURE: Seller shall not be liable to Buyer for any loss or damage suffered by the Buyer, directly or
indirectly, as a result of Seller's failure to deliver or delay in delivering Products and/or Services or failure to perform, or
delay in performing, any other term or condition hereunder, where such failure or delay is caused by circumstances
beyond Seller's control, including but not limited to, fires, computer or telecommunications systems failures, floods,
natural disasters, strikes, lockouts, war, riot, civil disturbances, embargo, government regulations or restrictions of
any and all kinds, expropriation of plant by federal or state authority, interruptions of or delay in transportation, material
shortages, power failures, inability to obtain materials and supplies, accidents, explosions, acts of God, or other causes
of like character and the time for delivery shall be extended during the continuance of such conditions and for a
reasonable time thereafter.
10. TAXES: Buyer shall pay, reimburse Seller, or provide a Tax Exemption Certificate for, all federal, state, county or
municipality, compensating, intangible, sales, use, gross income or like taxes applicable to this contract, now or
hereafter in effect, except for taxes payable upon Sellers net income.
12. PATENTED PROCESS: Purchase of the Products and/or Services does not entitle Buyer to employ the same with any
patented process, owned by Seller or others, except where the Buyer is expressly authorized. Buyer specifically agrees
that any discoveries or inventions arising out of or in connection with the performance of this Agreement, including but
not limited to, any and all patent rights and other intellectual property rights related thereto, shall be and shall remain
the sole property of Seller.
13. PATENT INFRINGEMENT: Except in the case of articles, materials and designs furnished or specified by the Buyer,
Seller, at its own expense shall defend any suit brought against the Buyer on the grounds that use of the Products
and/or Services for the intended purpose or purposes, as furnished by the Seller, infringes an applicable patent in effect
on the purchase date, and shall pay the amount of any judgment that may be awarded against the Buyer in such suit,
provided that the Buyer has made all payments due under this Agreement and shall (a) promptly delivered to Seller all
infringement notices and other papers received by or served upon Buyer, (b) permit Seller to take charge of defense
of such suit and compromise same, if Seller deems advisable, and (c) reasonably assist in the conduct of such defense.
Buyer further agrees to defend and indemnify Seller against any claims or liabilities for, or by reason of, any alleged
patent infringement arising from the manufacture or sale of all or any part of the Products and/or Services which is
manufactured in accordance with the specifications furnished by Buyer.
If Buyer is enjoined by a court of competent jurisdiction, and no appeal can be taken, from selling or using the Products
and/or Services for the intended purpose or purposes on the ground that such sale or use of the Products and/or
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Separation Systems
Services infringes a U.S. patent or it is established, to Seller's satisfaction after investigation, that sale or use of the
Products and/or Services infringes any such an applicable patent, Seller, at its option, may either (a) procure a license
for Buyer to sell and/or use the Products and/or Services, (b) modify the Products and/or Services to make it non-
infringing without seriously impairing its performance, (c) replace the Products and/or Services with Products and/or
Services substantially equal but non-infringing, or (d) accept Products and/or Services return with a refund to Buyer of
the purchase price less fifteen percent (15%) annual depreciation from shipment date.
The foregoing sets forth Seller's entire liability to Buyer for patent infringement based on the possession, use or sale
of the Products and/or Services by Buyer. The aforementioned Seller obligations do not extend to and are not
applicable in the case of patent infringement claims based on method or a process.
14. RISK OF LOSS AND TITLE: Buyer assumes risk of loss or destruction of, or damages to, the Product and/or Services
after delivery to Buyer or carrier, whichever first occurs. Title to the Products and/or Services supplied hereunder, and
to any additions, replacements, substitutions and accessories thereto, shall remain in Seller as a purchase money
security interest (including the right of repossession) until Buyer pays the full purchase price, plus accrued interest, if
any, and fully performs all of the terms and conditions hereof. Buyer agrees to execute all financing statements or other
documents and take actions necessary or desirable by Seller to perfect its security interest.
15. DELAY: If Seller is in delay with respect to delivery of the Products in accordance with the delivery schedule and this is
due to circumstances for which Seller is responsible, Seller shall pay to Buyer as liquidated damages and not as
penalties, an amount equivalent to 0,10 % of the contractual value of the delayed Work per day of delay, with an
individual cap of five percent (5%) of same value for each delay. Seller's cumulative liability for liquidated damages
under the contract is limited to five percent (5%) of the total contract price. The obligation of daily payment of
liquidated damages is subject to the Buyer incurring a real delay and actual losses or damages in the overall project
execution, and in any case subject to a seven (7) days grace period calculated from the agreed delivery date. No
liquidated damages for delay become due and payable unless COMPANY could have completed the plant into which the
Goods is to be incorporated, and started receiving beneficial use of this plant but for CONTRACTORs delay. It is agreed
that the payment of such liquidated damages shall be considered by the parties as a genuine pre-estimate of the loss
Buyer may incur due to delay. The liability for liquidated damages contemplated in this clause constitutes Buyers sole
financial remedies towards Seller for delay under the contract or at law.
16. INDEMNIFICATION: It is understood that Seller has relied upon data furnished by Buyer with respect to the safety
aspects of the Products and/or Services supplied hereunder and/or representations by or on behalf of Buyer that such
Products and/or Services will not be applied or used by Buyer or its customers in such a way as to detract materially
from their safety in use, including, without limitation, in the manufacture of a product of which Seller's Products and/or
Services will be a component and that it is Buyer's responsibility to assure that such Products and/or Services, when
installed and put in use, will be in compliance with safety requirements fixed by applicable law and will be otherwise
legally adequate to safeguard against injuries to persons or property. BUYER HEREBY AGREES TO INDEMNIFY,
HOLD HARMLESS AND DEFEND SELLER, AND ITS DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS AGAINST ANY
AND ALL LOSS, COST, DAMAGES, CLAIMS, LIABILITIES OR EXPENSES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
REASONABLE ATTORNEYS FEES, ARISING OUT OR RESULTING FROM ANY INJURY TO ANY PERSON, DAMAGE TO
ANY PROPERTY, OR ANY POLLUTION OR CONTAMINATION, CAUSED BY THE INADEQUACY FOR THE BUYER'S
INTENDED USE OF THE SAFETY FEATURES, DEVICES OR CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRODUCTS AND/OR
SERVICES SPECIFIED HEREIN, OR IN THE INSTALLATION, USE OR OPERATION OF SUCH PRODUCTS AND/OR
SERVICES, EXCEPT CLAIMS SOLELY FOR REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF DEFECTIVE PARTS COVERED BY THE
WARRANTY SET FORTH ABOVE. Buyer represents that it has liability insurance coverage, in sufficient and adequate
amounts, to support its indemnification obligations assumed under this Agreement.
17. TERMS AND CONDITIONS: Buyer purchases the Products and/or Services only on Seller's terms and conditions
herein which shall control. When received by Seller, Buyers Purchase orders shall be written acceptance of this
Agreement. Unless accepted in writing by an authorized employee of Seller, any Buyer terms and conditions contained
in acknowledgments, purchase orders, acceptances, confirmations or other documents inconsistent with, different from,
or additional to the terms and conditions herein, will be null and void.
18. GENERAL: (a) representations, warranties, promises, or guarantees not contained herein and/or any modifications to
this Agreement shall have no force and effect unless in writing signed by Seller and Buyer, (b) if any part or provision is
30
Separation Systems
deemed to be contrary to, prohibited by, held unenforceable, invalid or in conflict with the laws or regulations of any
jurisdiction, such provision shall be deemed inapplicable and omitted to the extent contrary, prohibited or invalid, but
the validity of the remaining parts or provisions shall not be affected.
19. ADDITIONAL CHARGES: If repair parts, substitutions or additional Products and/or Services are purchased by Buyer,
these terms and conditions shall apply as if originally purchased hereunder. Seller reserves the right to discontinue the
manufacture of or change or modify any Product design or construction. Sellers Product, designs, dimensions and
weights as shown in Sellers catalogs are subject to variation.
20. TERMINATION BY SELLER: Upon written notice to Buyer, Seller may terminate all or any part of the Agreement or
suspend performance under the Agreement, without any liability to Buyer, (a) if Buyer (i) repudiates, breaches, or
threatens to breach any of the terms of the Agreement, (ii) fails to accept or threatens not to accept Products and/or
Services in accordance with the Agreement, or (iii) fails to make timely payment, or (b) upon the occurrence or threat of
insolvency or bankruptcy of Buyer. Upon termination of the Agreement by Seller:(A) Seller shall be relieved of any
further obligation to Buyer; (B) Buyer shall be liable to Seller for the immediate payment of amounts then billed to date
by Seller to Buyer; (C) Buyer shall purchase and pay Seller immediately for all unique raw materials, work in process
and finished goods under the Agreement; (D) Buyer shall reimburse Seller for any unreimbursed and unamortized
research and development costs, capital equipment, and supplies that are unique to the Product(s) and/or Services; and
(E) Buyer shall reimburse Seller for all preparation and other expenses incurred by Seller or its subcontractors in
connection with the Agreement and for all other losses or costs arising from termination.
21. BUYER REPUDIATION: Buyer may not terminate this Agreement without Seller's prior written consent and in such
event or if Buyer otherwise repudiates this Agreement, Buyer shall be liable to Seller for all of its costs and other
commitments incurred to the repudiation date, plus its incidental damages and the profit Seller would have made from
full performance of this Agreement.
22. GOVERNING LAW: This Agreement is construed to be between merchants and governed under the laws, and
exclusive jurisdiction, of the Netherlands, without regard to its conflicts of laws rules. Each party shall bear its own
attorneys fees and costs.
23. ASSIGNMENT: Seller reserves the right to approve and accept Buyer's assignee of this Agreement prior to assignment.
Failure to obtain consent entitles Seller to cancel the Agreement upon written notice. Buyer agrees that Seller has the
right to assign this Agreement to any of its affiliates and subcontract any work provided herein.
24. DELIVERY AND ACCEPTANCE: Deliveries are scheduled after order receipt and clarification of required technical
information, including Buyer approval of drawings when required. Shipping dates are estimates, made to the best of
Seller's ability based on conditions prevailing at the time of quotation, and are not guaranteed. Time of delivery is not
of the essence. Delivery to a carrier shall constitute delivery to Buyer. Buyer must immediately inspect or provide for
immediate inspections upon delivery. All claims for alleged defects are waived and Buyer shall be deemed to have
accepted the goods, unless Seller is notified of the claim within thirty (30) days after receipt of the goods. Seller shall be
released from any delivery time obligations if: (a) information, including but not limited to, data, drawings, schemes, or
diagrams, necessary for Products and/or Services design, manufacture, supply or delivery is not timely received from
Buyer, is incomplete, or contains inaccuracies, (b) Buyer fails to perform any of its obligations under this Contract, (c)
unanticipated or different Product tests, controls or inspections must be conducted, and (d) Buyer requests variations.
25. GOODS FOR EXPORT: Buyer shall disclose the true and ultimate destination of the goods upon request. If goods
are exported without its knowledge, Seller shall not be liable for packaging, marking, labeling, documentation, or
warranty deficiencies which may result.
26. SUPPLY: This Agreement is not a supply contract for the ongoing sale of Products, but a discrete sale for a quantity of
Products and/or Services as defined by this document. Any supply arrangement shall be covered by a separate
agreement.
27. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION: The parties shall keep and maintain confidential all Proprietary Information (defined
as all business and technical information made available, directly or indirectly, to the other party). The parties agree to
defend, indemnify and hold each other harmless from all claims arising from a breach of this confidentiality obligation,
which shall survive termination of this Agreement.
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Separation Systems
28. DRAWINGS / SPECIFICATIONS: Buyer shall be responsible for the accuracy of any designs, drawings, and
specifications it provides and shall hold Seller harmless from any and all costs or expenses Seller incurred due to errors
or mistakes.
29. POLLUTION: Seller shall release, defend, indemnify and hold harmless BUYER, its affiliates and its other contractors for
pollution or contamination arising above the surface of the land or water and which originates directly from Sellers
equipment which equipment is wholly within Sellers control. BUYER shall release, defend, indemnify and hold harmless
Seller for all other pollution not specifically assumed by Seller and in particular any consequences of hydrocarbon
effluents emanating under the waterline or from underwater reservoirs and equipment (including without limitation
blowouts or other uncontrolled well flow or pollution from a pipeline or storage facility, or produced fluids,
drilling/completion fluids or cuttings) and any costs related to the removal of debris and wrecks, even if such claims,
losses or expenses are contributed to or caused by the negligence or fault of Seller or his subcontractors of any tier.
30. Intellectual Property Rights: The Seller retains all intellectual property rights, whether registered or un-registered,
including without limitation, copyright of all documents, drawing rights, design rights, developed programmes, software,
models and other data provided or developed in the course of this contract. Seller will, if so required by Buyer, grant
Buyer a non-exclusive, non-assignable royalty free licence to use the same only for the purpose of operating or
maintenance of the equipment by the Buyer.
31. NOTICES: All notices, claims and other notification to be given in accordance with the provisions of the Contract shall
be submitted in writing to the relevant party's representative, with such address as provided, or as changed by notice.
32. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: Notwithstanding anything any other provision contained herein to the contrary, Sellers
total cumulative liability arising out of or related to the performance or non-performance of the contract shall be limited
to 100% of the contract price and Buyer shall indemnify Seller from all amounts and liability in excess of the stated
limitation.
32
EVALUACIN FACILIDADES DE ENTRADA Y
DESHIDRATACION PIGAP II
Revisin A Pgina
GERENCIA DE PROYECTOS MAYORES DIVISIN PDM
Fecha 30/11/2012 56 de 57
Gerencia Gas y Agua
PROPUESTA DE MEJORAS:
A DEPURADORES DE ENTRADA (A/B)
A FILTROS SISTEMA DE ALIMENTACION (A/B)
DE LAS TORRES CONTACTORAS DE GLICOL
PIGAP II
Gerencia Gas y Agua
Gas
DEPURADOR
DEPURADOR NUEVO
VERTICAL - MINMIZA ZONA DE INSTALACIN SKID SIMPLE Y MODULAR
HORIZONTAL REQUIERE MAYOR ZONA DE INSTALACIN, SKID SIMPLE Y MODULAR
Gerencia Gas y Agua
Peerless les propone las siguientes alternativas para optimizar el sistema de Deshidratacin de la Planta
PIGAP II.
1. Para los Filtros Horizontales 00-21-0301 A/B, usar Cartuchos de Peerless Modelo 31-42-016,
garantiza una remocin del 100 % para partculas liquidas y solidas mayores a 3-4 micrones
2. El tiempo optimo para realizar el remplaz de los internos a los Depuradores de Internos de
ACS, es de 70-80 H/H, permitiendo modificar: El Deflector de Entrada del tipo lateral por el
Modelo de Peerless de Cabezal Invertido, este tipo de deflector abrir el flujo de forma en
paragua generando una dispersin volumtrica esferoidal obligando al liquido a precipitar y el
gas ocupar el volumen del cilindro dirigindose de forma uniforme hacia los banco de Vane
(Peerless). De forma paralela se instalar el Nuevo Banco de Vane de Peerless, garantizando una
eficiencia de 99% de remocin para partculas liquidas mayores a 8 micrones (La instalacin se
apoyar el Housing existente evitando soldadura al cuerpo del equipo- estampe U-R).
6. Para cada opcin, Peerless presentara el estudio CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic),
permitiendo entender y verificar el comportamiento del liquido y el gas dentro de los internos y
a travs de paso en el Depurador, permitiendo mejorar el diseo de construccin de Equipo-
Interno y ratificando la eficiencia de remocin para cada opcin presentado en el punto 2 A, B y
C.
Gerencia Gas y Agua
OPCIN A
REMPLAZO INTERNOS
VANE
72 ID 288 T/T
(EQUIPO EN OPERACIN)
EFICIENCIA
99% LIQUIDOS
MAYOR A 8 MICRONES
OPCIN B
EQUIPO NUEVO
CICLONICO + VANE
72 ID 288 T/T
EFICIENCIA
99% SOLIDOS / LIQUIDOS
MAYOR A 8-5 MICRONES
Gerencia Gas y Agua
OPCIN C
EQUIPO NUEVO
CICLONICO + CARTUCHOS
72 ID 288 T/T
EFICIENCIA
99% SOLIDOS / LIQUIDOS
MAYOR A 0.5 MICRONES
Gerencia Gas y Agua
OPCIN D
EQUIPO NUEVO
CICLONICO
52 ID 140 S/S
EFICIENCIA
99% SOLIDOS / LIQUIDOS
MAYOR A 8-5 MICRONES
Gerencia Gas y Agua
Para concluir, cualquier propuesta aprobada y ejecutada por PDVSA GERENCIA GAS y AGUA, garantizar
la eficiencia de las Torres Contactoras en;
5. El consumo de nuevos agente para la regeneracin del glicol disminuye por causa y efecto de
los puntos anteriores ya descritos.
6. Se debe analizar para cada opcin la Cada de Presin, con el fin de no afectar la operatividad de
la Torre Contactora.
Gerencia Gas y Agua
0412-0595303
0414-6388111
0416-6608239
www.peerlessmfg.com