Assignment II.

A. Examples
Example -1: Given: Cairo, Egypt,: latitude 300N, altitude 95m, month July. Determine
ETo using Blaney Criddle Method
Given:
Tmax = Tmax daily values/31 = 3500c.
Tmin = Tmin daily values/31 = 22 0c.

Example 2: Determine the consumptive use for wheat from the following data by Blaney-
Criddle method. Take K= 0.7

Month Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.

Mean temp. oC ,Tm 20 16 14 15
% monthly day light hrs, P 7.19 7.15 7.3 7.03

Example 3: Estimate the potential evapotranspiration for a crop for the month of June using
the Thornthwaite equation from the following data.

Month Apr. may June July Aug. Sep. Oct.

Temp. Tm (oC) 4.5 12.5 20.4 20.2 21.5 10.5 5.5
Max. sun shine hrs 370 380 365 358 355 350 345

Example 4: Altitude is 0 m. Determine ETo using modified Penman method (refer the lecture
notes)

Example 5: - A stream size of 150 lit /sec was released from the diversion headwork to irrigate
a land of area 1.8 hectares. The stream size when measured at the delivery to the field channels is
120lit/sec. The stream continued for h hours. The effective root zone depth is 1.80m. The
application losses in the field are estimated to be 440m3. The depth of water penetration was
1.80m and 1.20m at the head and tail of the run respectively. The available water holding
capacity of the soil is 21cm/m and irrigation was done at 60% depletion of Am. Find Ec, ,Ef, Ea,
Es and Ed. The stream size delivered to the plot was 100 lit/sec.

Example 6: For the data below, determine depth & interval of irrigation during different stages.
Depth of the root zone = 1 m , FC = 20 %, PwP = 8 % . Bulk density of soil = 1.6 gm/cm3 and
density of water = 1 gm/cm3. The rates of consumptive uses during different stages are as
follows. A depletion of 50% during initial period, 60 % during development and mid season
stage and 70 % during late season stage is allowable. Determine the depth and interval of
irrigation during different stages of the crop. The CU during different stages is as follows.
Month June July August September
Dec 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
Stage ini ini In/dev dev dev dev mid mid mid Late Late Late

ETcrop/mm/day 3.5 3.5 5.0 5.2 5.8 6.50 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.2 6.0 5.80
Root depth(m) 0.30 0.30 0.4 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80

D. Factor(p) 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.70 0.70 0.70
Depth of 28.8 28.8 38.4 57.60 69.1 80.6 92.16 92.2 92.2 107. 107.52 107.5
irrigation (mm)

Interval of 8 8 7 11 11 12 13 13 13 17 17 18
irrigation days

Irrigation
interval in days
Example 7 .A crop has in effective root zone of 120 cm (1.20 m) prior to irrigation; soil
samples were taken from different depths to determine the moisture status of the soil.

Depth of root zone (m) Weight soil sample (gm) Weight of oven dry soil
(g)

0 0.30 m 98.80 94.60

0.30 0.60 m 96.60 92.10
0.60 0.90 m 95.00 90.60
0.90 1.20 m 94.00 89.40

The water holding capacity of the soil at field capacity is 19.60 cm/meter. The apparent
specific gravity of the soil is 1.60. Determine the moisture content in the root zone at
different depths total depth of water available in the root zone at different depths, total
depth of water available in the root zone and the soil moisture deficit.

Example 8:

The base period, duty of water and area under irrigation for various crops under a canal
system are given in the table below. If the losses in the reservoir and canals are respectively
15%, 25%, determine the reservoir capacity.

1. Crop 2. Wheat 3. Sugar cane 4. Cotton 5. Rice 6. Vegetables

7. Base period B (days) 8. 120 9. 320 10. 180 11. 120 12. 120
13. Duty, D (ha)/cumecs) 14. 1800 15. 1600 16. 1500 17. 800 18. 700
19. Area irrigated (ha) 20. 1500 21. 10,000 22. 5000 23. 7500 24. 5000
 B. Assignment-2

Question-1:. The following data refers to the evaporation from standard class A open pan evaporimeter (Average over the
decade)

Month June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Decade 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

Ep 8.0 8.2 8.4 7.5 7.2 7.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.8 7.4 7.8 7.6 7.8 8.0 8.2 8.0 8.2
(mm/day)

The pan coefficient (KP) recommended is 0.70

ii. The crops proposed to be suitable in the area are Maize and potato. They have the following characteristics.

Maize
Stage Initial Development Mid Late Total
Length of stage (days) 20 40 40 20 120
Kc values 0.4 1.0 0.6
Rooting depth (m) 0.6 1.0 1.0
Depletion (P) 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7

Potato

Stage Initial Development Mid Late Total

Length of stage (days) 20 30 50 30 130
Kc values 0.55 1.10 0.7
Rooting depth (m) 0.3 0.60 0.6
Depletion (P) 0.25 0.30 0.50
0.30
Planting date for Maize is June 1 and for that of potato is August 1.

The rainfall record for 12 years of each month is the following

The rainfall record for 12 years of each month is the following

The 80 % dependable rainfall is to be used for computation of effective rainfall and 70 % of 80 % dependable rainfall is effective.
The area under the crops has the following soil properties.
Field capacity = 18 %
Permanent wilting point = 8 %
A parent specific gravity, As = 1.50

a) Calculate the Net irrigation requirement (NIR) on daily basis and on decade basis for each crop.

b) Schedule the irrigation for each crop & find out the gross depth of application for each decade and on daily basis assuming 80%
application efficiency (Ea). Assume constant interval during each stage.

Question-2:. A main canal has a CCA of 100 ha. The crops proposed in the area are sugarcane and cotton. The duty of the water
for each crop is as follows at the head of the field.

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
D Sugarcane ha/cumec 1400 1300 1200 1100 1100 1200

D cotton ha/ cumec 1000 1000 1000 900 900 900 800 800 800 900 900 900
The area under the crops is as follows

Sugarcane (perennial) = 40 ha
Cotton (seasonal) = 60 ha
The losses in canals & field channels are
15 % and 10% of the discharge at the head of the field for sugarcane
10 % and 6 % of the discharge at the head of the sugarcane field for cotton

a) What is the duty of the canal water for each crop at the head of the main canal?

b) What is the design discharge of the main canal?

Question -3: An area of 2 ha is to be irrigated by lift method, with a pump running 10 hours
per day, FC = 19 %, PWP = 10 % and s = 1.60. The rooting depth of the crop= 1.60 m.
Application efficiency = 80 % and a depletion level of 60 % is allowable. The peak crop
evapotranspiration rate is 5 mm/day.

Determine

a) The volume of water pumped per irrigation

b) The pump capacity in liters/ second.