I L L U S T R A T E D S O U R C E B O O K
SECTION 17
O-RINGS
8 Unusual Appc ilato
ins for OR -nigs 17-2
Look at OR
-nigs Diferently 17-6
OR-n
igs Sov
le Desg in Probelms I 17-8
OR-n
igs Sov
le Desg in Probelms M 17-10
Desg
in Recommendao itns for OR-nig Seas
l 17-14
OR-n
ig Seas
l for Pump Vav les 17-16
8 U n u s u a l A p p l i c a t i o n s f o r O - R i n g s
Playing many different roles, O-rings can perform as protective devices, hole liners,
float stops, and other key design-components.
Robert O. Parmley
frpmfr
Shockle
Rope
Shackle irons O-Tt'ng$
0-ring-
leaf springs,
: Q-ring
Bushing
V pulley-
leaf spring
Compression area
CUSHION RGjPE IN
PROTECT METAL SURFACES DURING SMALL RELATIVE MOVEMENTS V-SECtlON PULLEY
Oaring.
0~ring
Alternative
positions float
action Adhesive
bond
Q-ring Q-ring
Position
post
FIoaf Q-ring
Lever
O-ring^
Stem Large \
clearance
Adhesive,
Rods bond i Orring
Oaring makes strong \Hbifsihg
aligning band \ Oaring
A
A
Cmtig
Eiectricoi wires
Bi
B
LINE HPLES TO CUSHION LEVERS (A) AND STABiLlZ^
REtAfN PARTS (A) OR WIRES (B) SHAFTS !NiLARGE HOLES (B)
'Push Funnel
Push
Button,
O-ring
Q-ring
Post
Q-ring'T
B
'Contact point
Simple drives . . .
utilize not only O-ring but its physical properties alsohigh friction and elasticity.
Rollover-
One-way pressure . . .
applications require O-ring seals to be supported on pressure side only. Seal may be movable (9) as in grease gun,
or static (10) as in pipe plug. Anchor ring to plunger and plug for greater convenience and reliability.
A B
Checkvalves . . .
may have ball free (A); or spring-
loaded (B). Back pressure will always
force ball onto seat provided that
gravity first helps locate ball on seat.
Heavier-duty checkvalve (14) can be
opened to allow back pressure to
escape if necessary for shutdown etc.
Sure they're seals, but they can also do a variety of other jobs
as well as more sophisticated pieces of hardware
Robert O. Parmley
{'Connectionflange) Pressed
Pipe or heavv wall tube wood
-pefa/Y
waiher
Ch-fincf
Q-ririg
Typ. A
A
K T C
Orringy
Pressure
Boil {rollers
Mounting
block Plastic bolt $dh6siv$
Posf
pin \ :
p-ring
Housing fwif
Confgcf
Housing: point
Oaring
Work
pressure
Air Wire
vent
Release
Q~ring Lever handle
Cam lock,
lever
Lever stop Chamber seal
O - R i n g s S o l v e D e s i g n P r o b l e m s I
Rubber rings provide for thermal expansion, protect surfaces, seal pipe ends
and connections, and prevent slipping.
Robert O. Parmley
Expansion and
0-ring
\ provide? .
for expansion.
comfaction, area.'... on.(t\
con traction, of a '
stem,, shaft,7of
past \
ABSORBS EXPANS(OfI
CuM ] Pressure
grooves'"
: r&ciprocafe$
Weta/
[ wm :
\Sfem
Pipe c^
Water or
Me am pipe
PROtECTSiPLASTiC
Hose-
O-ring Chamber
inserf tube-
Adhesive 'bond-
Oaring
Elow
Volatile liquid
Imerf inxf/lk Me.
for manuof use Sealing seaf
Adhesive bond
Siapesurifope'
O-ring
PREVENTS SLIP
O - R i n g s S o l v e D e s i g n P r o b l e m s Il
More examples of how rubber rings provide seals for shafts, lids, nozzles, and
elbows, and also protect corners, cushion metal surfaces.
Robert O. Parmley
0-ring-
Support post
Clearance Shaft-
Plastic housing
Suction
tube
O-ring
Tubes
0'rings
Thin receiver
bog
Thin rubber or
plastic tube
Nozzle
O-ring
Clearance
Thumb screw-
Lid-
Tan/f. Swivel
Swing
area
Component- Quartered^ Component
Q-rings
Turn handle
(tighten for iocH position,
A B thus compressing O-ring)
Fillet curve Exterior curve
Top
-Adhesive bond rotator
O-rings-use
O-ring Component amount needed
piece for proper
cushioning
Typicof section (no metai wear)
Bottom rotator
For an encore to the roundup in the previous issue, O-rings are shown here
performing in valves, on guide wheels, and as cushioning, etc.
Robert O. Parmley
Chamber won
Chamber
Pin-seat with
caulking
Flow grooves
Flow
Shut
Open
Pin
V- ring
Siot Flow O-ring groove
grooves
B
Mount piofe
Slot
A
Base
Surface
Horizontal -application
Work piece-
0 -ring-
ffow Glass
Adhesive bond funnel
Contact surface
Sec. A-A
Chamber
WQ)7
f o r O - R i n g S e a l s
J. H. Swartz
Section Groove
diameter width Initial
Groove squeeze
length D C
Less than 30
less than 30
3 grooves
On small diameters, to facilitate machining, O-ring
should be located on the ram or rod rather than
mended dimensional data in Table I and listed under dynamic
seals should be used for these applications. All cylinders and
on an inside surface. For larger diameters, grooves can be rods should have a gradual taper to prevent damage to the
machined either way. One important factor is that the O-ring during assembly. Equations are listed for calculating
rubbing surfaces must be extremely smooth. The recom- limiting dimensions for both external and internal grooves.
Sharp comer
PISTONS
Poor Good
RODS 0.060"
min.
radius
Sharp
corner
Poor Good
Undercut all sharp edges, or cross-
6alternative
To facilitate assembly, all members which slide over O-rings
should be chamfered or tapered at an angle less than 30 degrees. An
method is to use a generous radius. Such details prevent
7 drilled ports over which O-rings
must pass. While under pressure, rings
any possibility of pinching or cutting the O-ring during assembly. should not pass over ports or grooves.
Table IDimensional Data for Standard AN or JJ.C. O-Rings and Gaskets
For Static Seals For Dynamic Seals
Specification
AN 6227 or Nominal d C C D R IE
T. I. C. Ring Actual Diametral Groove Diametral Groove Groove Minimum Diametral Eccentricity
O-Ring Section Section Squeeze* Width Squeeze* Width Clearance (maximum)
Dash Number Diameter Diameter (minimum) +0.000 (minimum) +0.000 Length** Radius
(maximum)
-0.005 -0.001
1 to 7 1/16 O.O7OO.OO3 0.015 0.052 0.010 0.057 3/32 1/64 0.005 0.002
8 to 14 3/32 0.1O3dbO.O03 0.017 0.083 0.010 0.090 9/64 1/64 0.005 0.002
15 to 27 1/3 0.1390.004 0.022 0.113 0.012 0.123 3/16 1/32 0.006 0.003
28 to 52 3/16 O.21OO.OO5 0.032 0.173 0.017 0.188 9/32 3/64 0.007 0.004
53 to 88 1/4 O.2750.006 0.049 0.220 0.029 0.240 3/8 1/16 0.008 0.005
AN 6230 or
J. I. C. gaskets 1/8 0.139=fc0.004 0.022 0.113 3/16 1/32 0006 0.003
l t o 52
Note: All dimensions are in inches.
* Diametral squeeze is the minimum interference between 0-Ring cross section diameter d and gland widtli C.
** H space is limited, the groove length D caa be reduced to a distance equal to the maximum O-Ring diameter d plus the static seal squeeze.
Under, Under
cut cut Clearance /ess Excessive
than squeeze clearance
O-RING
PIPE
UNION
A - G o m b i n a t i o n P u m p V a l v e
The C P V O-ring seal fitting (a Navy standard) uses an O-ring which is inserted in
the packing-gland recess on the face or the union which has been silver-brazed
to the end of a pipe. The union and pipe are sometimes called a "tailpiece."
HANDLE O-RING
N O Z Z L E HEAD
H O S E BIB
HOSE
B - H a n d - A d j u s t e d P u m p N o z z l e
The discharge end (nozzle head) of this portable pump unit has the spray
adjusted by manually turning the nozzle head. The O-ring maintains a positive,
water-tight seal for any adjusted position.
ACTION -
HANDLE
RETAINER
H O S E BIB
O-RING
PISTON ROD
C-Manual P u m p Seal
The O-ring, which is seated by the threaded retainer, provides
a water-tight seal for the up & down action of the piston rod.