248 CHAP.

6 Laplace Transforms

6.8 Laplace Transform: General Formulas

Formula Name, Comments Sec.

F(s) l{ f (t)}
0
estf (t) dt Definition of Transform
6.1
f (t) l1{F(s)} Inverse Transform

l{af (t) bg(t)} al{ f (t)} bl{g(t)} Linearity 6.1

l{eatf (t)} F(s a)

s-Shifting
l1{F(s a)} eatf (t) (First Shifting Theorem) 6.1

l( f r ) sl( f ) f (0)

l( f s ) s 2l( f ) sf (0) f r (0) Differentiation of Function

l( f (n)
) s l( f ) s
n (n1)
f (0) 6.2
f (n1)(0)
t
le f (t) dtf 1s l( f )
0
Integration of Function

t
( f * g)(t) f (t)g(t t) dt
0
t
f (t t)g(t) dt
0
Convolution 6.5

l( f * g) l( f )l(g)

l{ f (t a) u(t a)} easF(s)

t-Shifting
1 6.3
l {easF (s)} f (t a) u(t a) (Second Shifting Theorem)

l{tf (t)} F r (s) Differentiation of Transform

6.6
f (t)
le
t
f
s
F(
s ) d
s Integration of Transform

p 6.4
l( f )
1
1 eps
e
0
st
f (t) dt f Periodic with Period p Project
16
SEC. 6.9 Table of Laplace Transforms 249

6.9 Table of Laplace Transforms

For more extensive tables, see Ref. [A9] in Appendix 1.

F (s) l{ f (t)}
f (t) Sec.

1 1>s 1
2 1>s 2 t
3 1>s n (n 1, 2, ) t n1>(n 1)!
t 6.1
4 1> 1s 1> 1pt
5 1>s 3>2 21t> p
6 1>s a (a 0) t a1>(a)

1
7 eat
sa
1
8 teat
(s a)2
1 1 t 6.1
9 (n 1, 2, ) t n1eat
(s a) n (n 1)!
1 1 k1 at
10 (k 0) t e
(s a) k (k)

1 1
11 (a b) (eat ebt)
(s a)(s b) ab
s 1
12 (a b) (aeat bebt)
(s a)(s b) ab

1 1
13 sin vt
s v
2 2 v
s
14 cos vt
s 2 v2
1 1
15 sinh at
a

16
s2 a2
s
cosh at
t 6.1
s2 a2
1 1 at
17 e sinh vt
(s a) v 2 2 v
sa
18 eat cos vt
(s a) v 2 2

1 1
19 (1 cos vt)
s(s 2 v2) v2
x 6.2
1 1
20 (vt sin vt)
s 2(s 2 v2) v3

(continued )
250 CHAP. 6 Laplace Transforms

Table of Laplace Transforms (continued )

F (s) l{ f (t)}
f (t) Sec.

1 1
21 (sin vt vt cos vt)
(s v )
2 2 2
2v3
s t
22 sin vt t 6.6
(s 2 v2) 2 2v
s2 1
23 (sin vt vt cos vt)
(s v )
2 2 2 2v
s 1
24 (a 2 b 2) (cos at cos bt)
(s a )(s b )
2 2 2 2
b a2
2

1 1
25 (sin kt cos kt cos kt sinh kt)
s 4k
4 4
4k 3
s 1
26 sin kt sinh kt
s 4 4k 4 2k 2
1 1
27 (sinh kt sin kt)
s4 k 4 2k 3
s 1
28 (cosh kt cos kt)
s4 k 4 2k 2

1
29 1s a 1s b (ebt eat)
22pt 3
1 ab
30 e(ab)t>2I0 a tb I 5.5
1s a 1s b 2
1
31 J0(at) J 5.4
2s a 2 2

s 1
32 eat(1 2at)
(s a) 3>2
1pt
k1>2
1 1p t
33 (k 0) a b Ik1>2(at) I 5.5
(s 2 a 2)k (k) 2a

34 eas>s u(t a) 6.3

35 eas d(t a) 6.4

1 k>s
36 e J0(2 1kt) J 5.4
s
1 k>s 1
37 e cos 2 1kt
1s 1pt
1 1
38 ek>s sinh 2 1kt
s 3>2
1pk
k
ek1s ek >4t
2
39 (k 0)
3
22pt

(continued )
Chapter 6 Review Questions and Problems 251

Table of Laplace Transforms (continued )

F (s) l{ f (t)}
f (t) Sec.

1
40 ln s ln t g (g 0.5772) g 5.5
s
sa 1 bt
41 ln (e eat)
sb t

s 2 v2 2
42 ln (1 cos vt) 6.6
s 2 t
s2 a2 2
43 ln (1 cosh at)
s 2 t
v 1
44 arctan sin vt
s t
1 App.
45 arccot s Si(t)
s A3.1

CHAPTER 6 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS

1. State the Laplace transforms of a few simple functions 15. et>2u(t 3) 16. u(t 2p) sin t
from memory. 17. t cos t sin t 18. (sin vt) * (cos vt)
2. What are the steps of solving an ODE by the Laplace 19. 12t * e3t
transform?
3. In what cases of solving ODEs is the present method 2028 INVERSE LAPLACE TRANSFORM
preferable to that in Chap. 2? Find the inverse transform, indicating the method used and
4. What property of the Laplace transform is crucial in showing the details:
solving ODEs? 7.5 s 1 s
5. Is l{ f (t) g(t)} l{ f (t)} l{g(t)}? 20. 2 21. e
s 2s 8 s2
l{ f (t)g(t)} l{ f (t)}l{g(t)}? Explain. 1
16 v cos u s sin u
6. When and how do you use the unit step function and 22. 23.
Diracs delta? s s
2 1
2 s 2 v2
s 2 6.25 6(s 1)
7. If you know f (t) l1{F(s)}, how would you find 24. 25.
l1{F(s)>s 2 } ? (s 2 6.25)2 s4
8. Explain the use of the two shifting theorems from memory. 2s 10 5s 3s 4
26. e 27.
9. Can a discontinuous function have a Laplace transform? s3 s 2 4s 5
Give reason. 3s
10. If two different continuous functions have transforms, 28. 2
s 2s 2
the latter are different. Why is this practically important?

1119 LAPLACE TRANSFORMS 2937 ODEs AND SYSTEMS

Find the transform, indicating the method used and showing Solve by the Laplace transform, showing the details and
the details. graphing the solution:
11. 5 cosh 2t 3 sinh t 12. et(cos 4t 2 sin 4t) 29. y s 4y r 5y 50t, y(0) 5, y r (0) 5
2 1
13. sin (2pt) 14. 16t 2u(t 14) 30. y s 16y 4d(t p), y(0) 1, y r (0) 0