General Notes
{ The design of bridge is in
accordance with the AASHTO
specifications for highway
bridges LFD method.
{ The Highway loading consists
of 60 tones truck on 3 axels
and lane loading (uniform load
and concentrated load) and 32
tones hypothetical single axle
load as per M.O.T. standard
VOL-3.
{ Fy=420 MPa
{ Fc= 350 kg/cm2
{ Girders Span = 20 m
{ Simple span
1 Design of superstructure
yt = 107 / 2 = 53.5 MM
X=[-b(b-4ac)]/(2a)
where:
a = 500 a = 500
b = nAs b = 11496.2094
c = -nAsd c = -1689942.78
X = 47.77 MM
Moment of inertia (cracked section)
I = 1.50E+08 MM4
S S/2 S/2
Z = 3.3cHa
Diameter of bar = 16 MM
Spacing of bars = 125 MM
Cover to the c.g. of steel (dc)
= Clear cover + radius of bar = 33 MM
c= = 62.68 MM
Ha = Strain in extreme fiber
= (fs/Es)(h-X)/(d-X) = 1.02E-03
Crack width = 0.210 MM
< o.25 MM ..OK
AASHTO
8.16.8.4 Z = fs (dcA)<22611 N/MM
Where
A=(Area of cracked concrete)/(Number of bars)
fs = 152.58 Mpa
dc = 33 MM
A = 8250 MM
Z = 9889 N / MM
< 22611 .. OK
MLL = (P/E)X
Where
P= Wheel load
P = 160 KN
X = Distance from load to point of support
X = -0.085 M
Wheel load does not fall in cantilever span
X = 0M
AASHTO E = Width over which wheel load is distributed
3.24.5.1.1 E=0.8X+1.143
E = 1.143 M
MLL = 0 KN.M / M
Maximum impact factor = 0.3
MLL+I = 0 KN.M / M
MRAIL = Php / E
Where hp = hight of Barrier
hp = 0.9
MRAIL = 21.487 KN.M / M
Railing load governs
M to be used is = 21.487 KN.M / M
Where d = 242 MM
Mu=Mtotal = 51830644.25 N.MM / M
I = 0.9
b = 1000 MM
f' c = 35 N / MM
a = 8.14 MM
fy = 420 N / MM
As = 576.29 MM/M
Area of 16 MM Bar as = 201.06 MM
Nomber of Bars = As/as = 2.86623628
~ 3 bars / M
Spacing of bars = 333.333333 MM
Spacing shall not be grater than 150 mm
Spacing selected = 150 MM
Nomber of bars = 6.66666667
= 7
Area of steel provided As = 1407.43 MM
1.2.5 Check crack width
Depth X of neutral axis (NA) from top of the slab
1000X/2-n As(d-X)=0
X=[-b(b-4ac)]/(2a)
where:
a = 500 a = 500
b = nAs b = 10059.1832
c = -nAsd c = -2434322.34
X = 60.44 MM
Moment of inertia (cracked section)
I = 405186898 MM4
fs = 81.58 N / MM
dt = 48.00
A = 13714.2857 MM
Z = 7097 N / MM
< 22611 . OK
0.645
0.645
R
40 130 130
4.3 4.3
4.655 4.655
S = 19.2 R1
= 14
2.1.5 Shear reinfocement
1.8 M
P P
0.085 0.07
1.815
R
Distannce of the centerline of wheel load from the face of the curb = 0.6 M
Location of the centerline of the wheel load from the centerline of the ext. girder
= (1.79/2)-0.38-0.6 = -0.085 M
The wheel is at the right of the centerline of girder
= 1.815+0.085 = 1.9 M
Location of the centerline of the wheel load from the centerline of the int. girder
= 1.815-0.085 = 1.73 M
Location of the centerline of the other wheel load from the
centerline of the int. girder = 1.815-1.8-0.085 = -0.07 M
bw = 550 MM
b = 1815 MM
hf = 240 MM
d = 1250 MM
a = 84.379828 MM
As = 11390.4857 MM2
area for one bar 32 mm as = 804.247719 MM2
No. bars = 14.1629071
= 15
= 270+1080/2 = 810 MM
1815
270
504.863
1080
845.137
550
5 wL 4
Deflection 'w Ec 4729 .77 u f cc
384 E c I e
w Dead load on girder w = 36.4152 KN/M
L Span of girders L = 19200 MM
Ec Young modulus of concrete Ec = 27981.6967 MPA
Ie effective moment of inertia
3 3
AASHTO M cr M
8.13.3 Ie I g 1 cr I cr d I g
Ma M a
where Icr is the moment of inertia of cracked section
1815
89.36706
270 180.6329
1080
550
As f y
a
0 . 85 u f cc u b
As = 12063.7158 mm2
fy = 400 MPA
f`c = 35 MPA
b = 1815 mm
a = 89.3670637 mm
d = 1250
Icr = 1.1419E+11 mm4
Ie = 9.2858E+25 >Ig
Ie=Ig = 1.2793E+11 mm4
AASHTO Asc
K 3 1 .2 t 1 .6
8.13.4 As
K = 3
long term deflection 'w = 54.00 mm