Zoonotic Diseases

Dr. dr. Andani Eka Putra, MSc

Pusat Diagnostik dan Riset Penyakit Infeksi
Bagian Mikrobiologi FK. Unand
Presentation outline

Strategic
approaches
List of
Drivers of to Lessons
Basic zoonotic
zoonotic addressing learnt
Concept diseases
diseases zoonotic
diseases
Basic Concept
Zooneses are diseases of vertebrate animals
that can be transmitted to man: either directly
or indirectly through an insect vector.
When an insect vector is involved, the disease
is also known as an arboviral disease.
.
.
 >70% of emerging infectious diseases in people
actually come from animals.
Some of these diseases start in wildlife that is

being displaced by deforestation in remote

areas of the world.
Diseases can move around the globe quickly

because people and products, such as animals

and food supplies, are constantly crossing
borders.
 Drivers of zoonotic diseases
The emergence of zoonotic diseases is complex and multifactorial

Human demographics and behavior

Ecological change
International travel and trade

Environmental pollution
Climate change

Agricultural practices
 What constitutes zoonoses
More
Morethan
than200
200zoonoses
zoonosesdescribed
describedworldwide
worldwide
Caused by different types of causative agents

Viruses Fungi Unconventional

Bacteria Parasites agents

Taeniasis Variant
Anthrax Rabies
Dermatophytoses Toxoplasmosis Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Plague Avian influenza
Shigellosis Sporotrichosis Disease (vCJD)
Crimean-Congo
Hemorrhagic fever
Ebola
Rift Valley fever
 List of Zoonotic Disease
Disease[20] Pathogen(s) Animals involved Mode of transmission

commonly grazing
by ingestion, inhalation
herbivores such as
Anthrax Bacillus anthracis or skin contact of
cattle, sheep, goats,
spores
camels, horses, and pigs
Influenza A virus wild birds, domesticated
Bird flu close contact
subtype H5N1 birds such as chickens
Brucellosis Brucella spp. cattle, goats infected milk or meat
Bartonella
bites or scratches from
Cat-scratch disease henselae, Bartonella cats
infected cats
quintana
Clamydiosis / Enzootic domestic livestock, close contact with
Chlamydophila abortus
abortion particularly sheep postpartum ewes
 List of Zoonotic Disease
Disease[20] Pathogen(s) Animals involved Mode of transmission
Clamydiosis / Enzootic domestic livestock, close contact with
Chlamydophila abortus
abortion particularly sheep postpartum ewes

Ebola virus chimpanzees, gorillas, fruit

through body fluids,
disease(a haemorrhagic Ebolavirus spp. bats, monkeys, forest
organs
fever antelope and porcupines

varies (sometimes
Other haemorrhagic unknown) commonly infection usually occurs
Varies
fevers (Marburg,, Lassa camels, hares, hedgehogs, through direct contact
commonly viruses
etc cattle, sheep, goats, horses with infected animals
and swine

Campylobacter
Foodborne illnesses
spp., Escherichia
(commonly diarrheal
coli,Salmonella spp., Shigella
diseases
spp. and Trichinellaspp.
animals domesticated for
raw and/or undercooked
food production (cattle,
food made from animals
poultry)
 List of Zoonotic Disease
horses, pigs, domestic and
wild birds, wild aquatic
droplets transmitted
Influenza Influenza A virus mammals such as seals
through air
and whales, minks and
farmed carnivores
direct or indirect contact
Leptospirosis Leptospira interrogans rats, mice, dogs with urine of infected
animals
macaws, cockatiels,
budgerigars, pigeons,
Psittacosis Chlamydophila psittaci sparrows, ducks, hens, contact with bird droplets
gulls and many other bird
species
commonly dogs, bats,
monkeys, raccoons, foxes, through saliva by biting,
Rabies Rabies virus skunks, cattle, wolves, or through scratches from
coyotes, mongooses and an infected animal
cats
Strategic approach to addressing
zoonotic diseases
Emergency
Acceleration of preparedness
Scaling up of IHR
Surveillance and response
implementation capabilities
Promote cross-
sectoral Enhance Advocacy for
strategic resource
collaboration
and partnership communication mobilization

Research
International Health Regulation (IHR)
Foster global partnerships
Strengthen national disease prevention, surveillance,
control and response systems
Strengthen public health security in travel and
transport
Strengthen WHO global alert and response systems
Strengthen the management of specific risks
Sustain rights, obligations and procedures
Conduct studies and monitor progress
Thank you