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Slovins formula was used to calculate the sample size (n) given the population size (N)

and a margin of error (e). The researchers used this formula to take into account confidence

levels and margins of error

n = N / (1+Ne2)

whereas:

n = number of samples n = 231 / (1 + 231 * 6.25%2)

N = total population n = 121 samples

e = error margin/ margin of error

3.3 Data Measure

A questionnaire was constructed as the data gathering tool which was patterned after the

Local Government Budgeting Manual. However, modifications were made on some items so that

only questions relevant to the study were asked. The questions were made simple and easy to

answer. The interpretation of the data was based on the philosophical projective technique. To

obtain the percentages, the frequency of responses to each item was divided by the total number

of cases and then multiplied by 100 by following this formula,

F
Percent = x 100
N

where:

F = the frequency of response

N = number of cases

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3.4 Data Gathering Procedures

After an official permission for the conduct of the study was secured from the Municipal

mayor, copies of the questionnaire were personally distributed to the elected officials, different

heads of offices and rank and file employees in the study. The respondents were given enough

time to answer the questionnaire. The response data were tallied and gathered in tables for

purposes of analysis and interpretation. Informal interview were conducted with some municipal

officials and employees to supplement the data gathered through the questionnaire and verify the

answers.

3.5 Ethical Consideration

The researchers submitted a formal letter of request to conduct a survey with the

municipal officials, heads of offices and rank and file employees of the Municipality of Baliwag,

Bulacan primarily addressed to Hon. Mayor Ferdie V. Estrella. The questionnaire was given to

the attending employee and was subject for a review before the researchers were allowed to

conduct a survey. The researchers were also given follow-up information about the request

regarding the study two days after the letter was submitted to the Mayors Office of Operations

Office. The survey was approved then and later on the researchers were able to conduct a survey

to the respondents needed.

3.6 Statistical Treatment

To determine the degree of variance in the responses of municipal officials, heads of

offices and rank and file employees on the budgetary practices, problems encountered and

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benefit derived, the data were subjected to the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test using the

formula:

F = VA

VE

VA = t2 _ T2 x (M * (N-1))
N M*N

VE = x2 _ t2 x (M -1)

where:

F = the variance factor

t2 = the sum of squares of sub-totals

T = overall total

x2 = the sum of squares of every variables

M = the number of columns

N = the number of rows

VA, VE = intermediate variables

The computed F factor was checked against the table of significant values of F ratios to

prove its significance at .05 level.

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INPUT
Data from questionnaire on:
1. Professional profile of respondents
2. Budgetary practices
3. Problems encountered
4. Benefits derived

PROCESS
Statistical Treatment Data:
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
Anaysis and Interpretation of Findings

OUTPUT
If the hypothesis is rejected or approved.

Figure 4. Research Flow

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