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51. Determine the tension in each segment of the cable

and the cables total length. A

4 ft
D
7 ft

Equations of Equilibrium: Applying method of joints, we have C

50 lb
Joint B: 4 ft 5 ft 3 ft

: a Fx = 0;
4 100 lb
+
FBC cos u - FBA a b = 0 [1]
265

+ c a Fy = 0;
7
FBA a b - FBC sin u - 50 = 0 [2]
265
Joint C:

: a Fx = 0;
+
FCD cos f - FBC cos u = 0 [3]

+ c a Fy = 0; FBC sin u + FCD sin f - 100 = 0 [4]

Geometry:
y 5
sin u = cos u =
2y2 + 25 2y2 + 25
3 + y 3
sin f = cos f =
2 2
2y + 6y + 18 2y + 6y + 18
Substitute the above results into Eqs. [1], [2], [3] and [4] and solve. We have

FBC = 46.7 lb FBA = 83.0 lb FCD = 88.1 lb Ans.

y = 2.679 ft

The total length of the cable is

l = 272 + 42 + 252 + 2.6792 + 232 + (2.679 + 3)2

= 20.2 ft Ans.

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52. Cable ABCD supports the loading shown. Determine

the maximum tension in the cable and the sag of point B.
A D

yB 2m

C
Referring to the FBD in Fig. a,
B

a + a MA = 0;
4 1 1m 3m 0.5 m
TCD a b(4) + TCD a b (2) - 6(4) - 4(1) = 0
217 217 4 kN 6 kN
TCD = 6.414 kN = 6.41 kN(Max) Ans.

Joint C: Referring to the FBD in Fig. b,

: a Fx = 0;
+ 1
6.414 a b - TBC cos u = 0
217

+ c a Fy = 0;
4
6.414 a b - 6 - TBC sin u = 0
217
Solving,

TBC = 1.571 kN = 1.57 kN (6TCD)

u = 8.130

Joint B: Referring to the FBD in Fig. c,

: a Fx = 0;
+
1.571 cos 8.130 - TAB cos f = 0

+ c a Fy = 0; TAB sin f + 1.571 sin 8.130 - 4 = 0

Solving,

TAB = 4.086 kN = 4.09 kN (6TCD)

f = 67.62

Then, from the geometry,

yB
= tan f; yB = 1 tan 67.62
1
= 2.429 m = 2.43 m Ans.

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53. Determine the tension in each cable segment and the A

distance yD.

yD

D
7m

B
Joint B: Referring to the FBD in Fig. a, 2m

: a Fx = 0;
5 4 2 kN
+
TBC a b - TAB a b = 0 C
229 265
4m 5m 3m
+ c a Fy = 0;
7 2
TAB a b - TBC a b - 2 = 0
265 229 4 kN

Solving,
TAB = 2.986 kN = 2.99 kN TBC = 1.596 kN = 1.60 kN Ans.

Joint C: Referring to the FBD in Fig. b,

: a Fx = 0;
+ 5
TCD cos u - 1.596 a b = 0
229

+ c a Fy = 0;
2
TCD sin u + 1.596 a b - 4 = 0
229
Solving,
TCD = 3.716 kN = 3.72 kN Ans.
u = 66.50
From the geometry,

yD + 3 tan u = 9
yD = 9 - 3 tan 66.50 = 2.10 m Ans.

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*54. The cable supports the loading shown. Determine the xB

distance xB the force at point B acts from A. Set P = 40 lb.
A
5 ft
At B B

: a Fx = 0;
P
+ xB xB 3
40 - TAB - TBC = 0
2x2B + 25 2(xB - 3)2 + 64
8 ft
+ c a Fy = 0;
5 8
TAB - TBC = 0
2x2B + 25 2(xB - 3)2 + 64 C
13xB - 15
(1) 2 ft
D 5
TBC = 200 3
2(xB - 3)2 + 64 4
30 lb
At C 3 ft

: a Fx = 0;
+ 4 xB - 3 3
(30) + TBC - TCD = 0
5 2(xB - 3)2 + 64 213

+ c a Fy = 0;
8 2 3
TBC + TCD - (30) = 0
2(xB - 3) + 64 2
213 5
30 - 2xB
TBC = 102 (2)
2(xB - 3)2 + 64
Solving Eqs. (1) & (2)
13xB - 15 200
=
30 - 2xB 102

xB = 4.36 ft Ans.

55. The cable supports the loading shown. Determine the xB

magnitude of the horizontal force P so that xB = 6 ft.
A
5 ft
At B
B

: a Fx = 0;
P
+ 6 3
P - TAB - TBC = 0
261 273

+ c a Fy = 0;
8 ft
5 8
TAB - TBC = 0
261 273
C
63
5P - TBC = 0 (1) 2 ft D
3
5
273 4

At C 30 lb
3 ft

: a Fx = 0;
+ 4 3 3
(30) + TBC - TCD = 0
5 273 213

+ c a Fy = 0;
8 2 3
TBC - TCD - (30) = 0
273 213 5

18
TBC = 102 (2)
273
Solving Eqs. (1) & (2)

63 5P
=
18 102
P = 71.4 lb Ans.

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56. Determine the forces P1 and P2 needed to hold the

cable in the position shown, i.e., so segment CD remains
A E
horizontal. Also find the maximum loading in the cable. 1.5 m
B
1m C D

5 kN

P1 P2
4m 5m 4m
2m
Method of Joints:

Joint B:

: a Fx = 0;
+ 4 2
FBC a b - FAB a b = 0 [1]
217 2.5

+ c a Fy = 0;
1.5 1
FAB a b - FBC a b - 5 = 0 [2]
2.5 217
Solving Eqs. [1] and [2] yields

FBC = 10.31 kN FAB = 12.5 kN

Joint C:

: a Fx = 0;
+ 4
FCD - 10.31 a b = 0 FCD = 10.00 kN
217

+ c a Fy = 0;
1
10.31 a b - P1 = 0 P1 = 2.50 kN Ans.
217
Joint D:

: a Fx = 0;
+ 4
FDE a b - 10 = 0 [1]
222.25

+ c a Fy = 0;
25
FDE a b - P2 = 0 [2]
222.25

Solving Eqs. [1] and [2] yields

P2 = 6.25 kN Ans.
FDE = 11.79 kN

Thus, the maximum tension in the cable is

Fmax = FAB = 12.5 kN Ans.

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57. The cable is subjected to the uniform loading. If the y

slope of the cable at point O is zero, determine the equation
of the curve and the force in the cable at O and B.
A B
8 ft
O
x

500 lb/ft
From Eq. 59. 15 ft 15 ft

h 2 8
y = x = x2
L2 (15)2
y = 0.0356x2 Ans.

From Eq. 58
woL2 500(15)2
To = FH = = = 7031.25 lb = 7.03 k Ans.
2h 2(8)

From Eq. 510.

TB = Tmax = 2(FH)2 + (woL)2 = 2(7031.25)2 + [(500)(15)]2

= 10 280.5 lb = 10.3 k Ans.

Also, from Eq. 511

L 2 15 2
TB = Tmax = woL 1 + a b = 500(15) 1 + a b = 10 280.5 lb = 10.3 k Ans.
A 2h A 2(8)

*58. The cable supports the uniform load of w0 = 600 lb>ft.

Determine the tension in the cable at each support A and B. B

A
15 ft
10 ft
wo 2
y = x
2 FH
600 2
15 = x
2 FH w0
600 25 ft
10 = (25 - x)2
2 FH

600 3 600
x = (25 - x)2
2(15) 2(10)

x2 = 1.5(625 - 50x + x2)

0.5x2 - 75x + 937.50 = 0

Choose root 6 25 ft

x = 13.76 ft
wo 2 600
FH = x = (13.76)2 = 3788 lb
2y 2(15)

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58. Continued

At B:
wo 2 600
y = x = x2
2 FH 2(3788)
dy
= tan uB = 0.15838 x 2 = 2.180
dx x = 13.76

uB = 65.36
FH 3788
TB = = = 9085 lb = 9.09 kip Ans.
cos uB cos 65.36

At A:
wo 2 600
y = x = x2
2 FH 2(3788)
dy
= tan uA = 0.15838 x 2 = 1.780
dx x = (25 - 13.76)

uA = 60.67
FH 3788
TA = = = 7734 lb = 7.73 kip Ans.
cos uA cos 60.67

59. Determine the maximum and minimum tension in the y

cable.

10 m 10 m

A B
2m
x

16 kN/m
The minimum tension in the cable occurs when u = 0. Thus, Tmin = FH.
With wo = 16 kN>m, L = 10 m and h = 2 m,
woL2 (16 kN>m)(10 m)2
Tmin = FH = = = 400 kN Ans.
2h 2(2 m)
And

Tmax = 2FH2 + (woL)2

= 24002 + [16(10)]2

= 430.81 kN

= 431 kN Ans.

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510. Determine the maximum uniform loading w, 50 ft

measured in lb>ft, that the cable can support if it is capable
of sustaining a maximum tension of 3000 lb before it will 6 ft
break.

FH L L
1
y = a wdxb dx

dy
At x = 0, = 0
dx

At x = 0, y=0

C1 = C2 = 0

w 2
y = x
2 FH

At x = 25 ft, y = 6 ft FH = 52.08 w
dy w 2
2 = tan umax = x
dx max FH x = 25 ft

umax = tan 1(0.48) = 25.64

FH
Tmax = = 3000
cos umax

FH = 2705 lb

w = 51.9 lb>ft Ans.

511. The cable is subjected to a uniform loading of 50 ft

w = 250 lb>ft. Determine the maximum and minimum
tension in the cable. 6 ft

woL2 250(50)2
FH = = = 13 021 lb
8h 8(6)
woL 250(50)
umax = tan - 1 a b = tan - 1 a b = 25.64
2 FH 2(13 021)
FH 13 021
Tmax = = = 14.4 kip Ans.
cos umax cos 25.64

The minimum tension occurs at u = 0

Tmin = FH = 13.0 kip Ans.

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*512. The cable shown is subjected to the uniform load w0 . L

Determine the ratio between the rise h and the span L that
will result in using the minimum amount of material for the
cable.
h

w0

From Eq. 59,

h 4h
y = x2 = 2 x2
L 2 L
a b
2
dy 8h
= 2x
dx L
From Eq. 58,
L 2
wo a b
2 woL2
FH = =
2h 8h

dx
Since FH = Ta b, then
ds
woL2 ds
T = a b
8h dx

Let sallow be the allowable normal stress for the cable. Then

T
= sallow
A

T
= A
sallow

dV = A ds

T
dV = ds
sallow

The volume of material is

1 1
woL2 (ds)2
sallow L0 L0 8h
2 2
2 2

V = T ds = c d
sallow dx
2 2
ds2 dx + dy dx2 + dy2 dy 2
= = c ddx = c1 + a b ddx
dx dx dx2 dx
1
woL2 dy 2
L0 4hsallow
2

= c 1 + a b ddx
dx
1
woL2 h2x2
4hsallow L0
2

= c 1 + 64 a 4 b ddx
L
woL2 L 8h2 woL2 L 16 h
= c + d = c + a bd
4hsallow 2 3L 8 sallow h 3 L

Require,
dV woL2 L 16
= c- 2 + d = 0
dh 8sallow h 3L
h = 0.433 L Ans.

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513. The trusses are pin connected and suspended from D E

the parabolic cable. Determine the maximum force in the
cable when the structure is subjected to the loading shown. 14 ft

6 ft K J I
16 ft
A C
F G H B
5k 4k
4 @ 12 ft ! 48 ft 4 @ 12 ft ! 48 ft
Entire structure:

a + a MC = 0; 4(36) + 5(72) + FH(36) - FH(36) - (Ay + Dy(96) = 0

(A y + Dy) = 5.25 (1)

Section ABD:

a + a MB = 0; FH(14) - (Ay + Dy)(48) + 5(24) = 0

Using Eq. (1):

FH = 9.42857 k
From Eq. 58:
2FHh 2(9.42857)(14)
wo = 2
= = 0.11458 k>ft
L 482
From Eq. 511:

L 2 48 2
Tmax = woL 1 + a b = 0.11458(48) 1 + c d = 10.9 k Ans.
A 2h A 2(14)

514. Determine the maximum and minimum tension in E

the parabolic cable and the force in each of the hangers. The
girder is subjected to the uniform load and is pin connected 9 ft
1 ft
at B. D

Member BC:
10 ft 2 k/ft

: a Fx = 0;
+
Bx = 0
C
A B
Member AB: 10 ft 30 ft

: a Fx = 0;
+
Ax = 0

FBD 1:

a + a MA = 0; FH(1) - By(10) - 20(5) = 0

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514. Continued

FBD 2:

a + a MC = 0; -FH(9) - By(30) + 60(15) = 0

Solving,

By = 0 , FH = Fmin = 100 k Ans.

Max cable force occurs at E, where slope is the maximum.

From Eq. 58.

2FHh 2(100)(9)
Wo = = = 2 k>ft
L2 302
From Eq. 511,

L 2 30 2
Fmax = woL 1 + a b = 2(30) 1 + a b
A 2h A 2(9)
Fmax = 117 k Ans.

Each hanger carries 5 ft of wo.

T = (2 k>ft)(5 ft) = 10 k Ans.

515. Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the pin- E
connected girders AB and BC. The cable has a parabolic
shape. 9 ft
1 ft
D

a + a MA = 0; T(5) + T(10) + T(15) + T(20) + T(25)

10 ft 2 k/ft
+ T(30) + T(35) + Cy(40) 80(20) = 0
C
A B
Set T = 10 k (See solution to Prob. 514)
10 ft 30 ft
Cy = 5 k

+ c a Fy = 0; 7(10) + 5 80 + A y = 0

Ay = 5 k

Mmax = 6.25 k # ft Ans.

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*516. The cable will break when the maximum tension 100 m
reaches Tmax = 5000 kN . Determine the maximum
uniform distributed load w required to develop this
maximum tension. 12 m

With Tmax = 80(103) kN, L = 50 m and h = 12 m,

L 2
Tmax = woL 1 + a b
A 2h

50 2
8000 = wo(50)c 1 + a b d
A 24

wo = 69.24 kN>m = 69.2 kN>m Ans.

517. The cable is subjected to a uniform loading of 100 m

w = 60 kN> m. Determine the maximum and minimum
tension in cable.
12 m

The minimum tension in cable occurs when u = 0. Thus, Tmin = FH.

woL2 (60 kN>m)(50 m)2

Tmin = FH = = = 6250 kN
2h 2(12 m)

= 6.25 MN Ans.

And,

Tmax = 2F2H + (woL)2

= 262502 + [60(50)]2

= 6932.71 kN

= 6.93 MN Ans.

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518. The cable AB is subjected to a uniform loading of y

B
200 N>m. If the weight of the cable is neglected and the
slope angles at points A and B are 30 and 60, respectively, 60"
determine the curve that defines the cable shape and the
maximum tension developed in the cable.

A 30"
Here the boundary conditions are different from those in the text. x

Integrate Eq. 52,

200 N/ m
T sin u = 200x + C1 15 m
Divide by by Eq. 54, and use Eq. 53
dy 1
= (200x + C1)
dx FH

1
y = (100x2 + C1x + C2)
FH

At x = 0, y = 0; C2 = 0
dy
At x = 0, = tan 30; C1 = FH tan 30
dx

1
y = (100x2 + FH tan 30x)
FH

dy 1
= (200x + FH tan 30)
dx FH
dy
At x = 15 m, = tan 60; FH = 2598 N
dx
y = (38.5x2 + 577x)(10 - 3) m Ans.

umax = 60

FH 2598
Tmax = = = 5196 N
cos umax cos 60

Tmax = 5.20 kN Ans.

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519. The beams AB and BC are supported by the cable

E
that has a parabolic shape. Determine the tension in the cable D
at points D, F, and E, and the force in each of the equally 3m 3m
spaced hangers. F

9m

A
C
B

: a Fx = 0;
+ 3 kN 5 kN
Bx = 0 (Member BC)

a + a MA = 0;
2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m 2m
FF(12) - FF(9) - By(8) - 3(4) = 0

3FF - By(8) = 12 (1)

: a Fx = 0;
+
A x = 0 (Member AB)

a + a MC = 0; - FF(12) + FF(9) - By(8) + 5(6) = 0

-3FF - By(8) = -30 (2)

Soving Eqs. (1) and (2),

By = 1.125 kN , FF = 7.0 kN Ans.

From Eq. 58.

2FHh 2(7)(3)
wo = 2
= = 0.65625 kN>m
L 82
From Eq. 511,
L 2 8 2
Tmax = woL 1 + a b = 0.65625(8) 1 + a b
A 2h A 2(3)

Tmax = TE = TD = 8.75 kN Ans.

Load on each hanger,

T = 0.65625(2) = 1.3125 kN = 1.31 kN Ans.

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