Fundamental Physical Constants Frequently used constants
Relative std. Quantity Symbol Value Unit uncert. ur
speed of light in vacuum c, c0 299 792 458 m s1 (exact)
magnetic constant 0 4 107 N A2 = 12.566 370 614... 107 N A2 (exact) electric constant 1/0 c2 0 8.854 187 817... 1012 F m1 (exact) Newtonian constant of gravitation G 6.674 28(67) 1011 m3 kg1 s2 1.0 104
Planck constant h 6.626 068 96(33) 1034 Js 5.0 108
h/2 h 1.054 571 628(53) 1034 Js 5.0 108 elementary charge e 1.602 176 487(40) 1019 C 2.5 108 magnetic flux quantum h/2e 0 2.067 833 667(52) 1015 Wb 2.5 108 conductance quantum 2e2/h G0 7.748 091 7004(53) 105 S 6.8 1010
electron mass me 9.109 382 15(45) 1031 kg 5.0 108
proton mass mp 1.672 621 637(83) 1027 kg 5.0 108 proton-electron mass ratio mp /me 1836.152 672 47(80) 4.3 1010 fine-structure constant e2/40 hc 7.297 352 5376(50) 103 6.8 1010 inverse fine-structure constant 1 137.035 999 679(94) 6.8 1010
Rydberg constant 2 me c/2h R 10 973 731.568 527(73) m1 6.6 1012
Avogadro constant NA , L 6.022 141 79(30) 1023 mol1 5.0 108 Faraday constant NA e F 96 485.3399(24) C mol1 2.5 108 molar gas constant R 8.314 472(15) J mol1 K1 1.7 106 Boltzmann constant R/NA k 1.380 6504(24) 1023 J K1 1.7 106 Stefan-Boltzmann constant (2 /60)k 4/h3 c2 5.670 400(40) 108 W m2 K4 7.0 106 Non-SI units accepted for use with the SI electron volt: (e/C) J eV 1.602 176 487(40) 1019 J 2.5 108 (unified) atomic mass unit 1 u = mu = 12 1 m(12 C) u 1.660 538 782(83) 1027 kg 5.0 108 = 103 kg mol1/NA