LSMW CONVERSION ----> ROUTINE

OLTP ---- ONLINE TRANSACTION PROCESSING

WE SH0ULD HAVE THE IDEA OF DIFFERENT CROSS APPLICATION

ALE EDI IDOC BAPI

THE COMMLY USED DATA BASES BY SAP ARE

Oracle

sybase

ms-sql

sap default database = oracle 10.2G(physical database)

to see the default database after login process from sap menu screen select the menu bar--->
systems--->status

sap as designed 2 types of data bases

physical D.B & LOGICAL D.B

NOW NEWLY ADVANCE IS S4 HANA (VERTICAL LOGIC SEARCH OF D.B)

DATA dictionary(se11 abap dictionary ) it is the central source of logical database management area

to communicate data, manipulate data for all business modules ,functional applications

DATA BASE:- it is a set of information having an interrelated data with security and data retrieval
process fast

consist standard structure ,operations, integrity

Structure:- consists of collection of fields filed holds data with data type i.e data type is selection
data storage

storage:- operation consists of manipulation of data i.e. insert or add new record, modify record and
delete record

integrity :- integrity performs to retrieve data fastly applying quires with conditional criteria

data types:-

standard data types

CLNT CLIENT

LANG LANGUAGE

DATS DATE IN(YYYYMMDD)

TIMS TIME IN (HH-MM-SS)

CHAR TEST FORMAT ALPHANUMARIC

NUMC NUMBER ONLY CHARACTER

INT1 NUMBER MAX OF 255 VALUE

INT2 2BYTES storage 4 digits of number

INT4 4BYTES storage integer with decimal

LONG 2gb of text data

raw 2gb of binary data

refar /data types

CURR CURRENCY VALUE

CUKY CURRENCY DOCUMENT LIKE RUPIES DOLLARS EUROS

QAN QUNATIITY VALUE

UNIT UNIT OF MEASURE

PREC PRECISION OF QUANTITY

IN THE DATA BASE TABLE EVERY FIELD REFERS TO DATA ELEMENT WITH DOMAIN

Table name, 16 characters

Database table
Tables can be defined independently of the database in the ABAP Dictionary. The fields of
the table are defined together with their (database-independent) data types and lengths.
A table definition in the ABAP Dictionary has the following components:
Table fields: The field names and the data types of the fields contained in the table are
defined here.
Foreign keys: The foreign keys define the relationships between this table and other
tables.
Technical settings: The technical settings define how the table is created on the database.
Indexes: Indexes can be defined for the table to speed up data selection from the table.
There are three categories of database tables in the ABAP Dictionary.
A physical table definition is created in the database for the table definition stored in the
ABAP Dictionary for transparent tables when the table is activated. The table definition is
translated from the ABAP Dictionary to a definition of the particular database.
On the other hand, pooled tables and cluster tables are not created in the database. The data
of these tables is stored in the corresponding table pool or table cluster. It is not necessary to
create indexes and technical settings for pooled and cluster tables.

Name of an SAP table view, 16 characters

A view is a logical view on one or more tables, that is, a view is not actually physically
stored, instead being derived from one or more other tables.
In the simplest case, this derivation process can involve simply suppressing the display of one
or more fields from a table (projection) or transferring only certain records from a table to the
view (selection). More complicated views can be assembled from several tables, with
individual tables being linked using the relational join operation.
Use
Logical views for the application permitting direct access to the data can be generated with
the definition of view. The structure of such a view is defined by specifying the tables and
fields involved in the view.

Name of Dictionary Type

User-defined types in the ABAP Dictionary
You can define any user-defined types in the ABAP Dictionary. These can be used in the
ABAP program to define data objects and types analogously to types that are predefined in
the ABAP program (such as C or I) or types that are defined locally in ABAP programs.
The following type categories can be defined in the ABAP Dictionary:
Data elements (elementary types)
Elementary types have no structure. They describe the data type attributes (such as
given Dictionary data type, number of places) and information that is relevant for the
screen (such as title) of unstructured data objects (variables/fields).
Structures (structured types)
Structured types describe the structure and functions of any structured data objects,
that is of data structures with components of any type.
A component can be a field with an elementary type or can itself be a structure. A
table can also be used as a component in a structure.
A database table always has a structure and is therefore implicitly a structured type.
However, the fields of a database table can only have an elementary type.
Table types
Table types describe the structure and functions of internal tables in the ABAP
program. Their rows can have any row type. Table types with elementary row type
therefore can be defined just the same as multi-dimensional table types (table types
with a table type as row type) or table types using structures with table-like
components.
The options for creating types with structured types and table types can be combined as
required. In this way you can define any complex types globally in the ABAP Dictionary and
use them in ABAP programs. The runtime object of the Dictionary type (nametab) is the
interface for their use in ABAP programs. The runtime object permits very efficient access to
the relevant information for the type in compressed form.
The central definition of types that are used more than once in the ABAP Dictionary allows
them to be changed centrally. These changes are made at all the relevant locations by the
active ABAP Dictionary. For example, ABAP programs adjust to the changed type
definitions when they are recreated. When a type is changed, all the objects (e.g. types or
tables) that use this type are automatically adjusted to the change at activation.
All Dictionary types lie in a common namespace. A data element, for example, therefore may
not have the same name as a structure. However, a type defined in an ABAP program and a
Dictionary type may have the same name.
The following shadowing rule is valid when using types in ABAP programs:
If the names are identical, the local types shadow the types of the type groups and the types
defined globally in the Dictionary.
TYPE GROUP:--- MISSING

Name of a domain with Set/Get parameter

A domain describes the technical attributes of a field, such as the data type or the number of
positions in a field. The domain defines primarily a value range describing the valid data
values for the fields referring to this domain.
Different technical fields of the same type can be combined in a domain. Fields referring to
the same domain are changed at the same time when a domain is changed. This ensures the
consistency of these fields.
Name of a Search Help
A search help is an object of the ABAP Dictionary with which input helps (F4 helps) can be
defined.
There are the following types of search helps:
Elementary search helps implement a search path for determining the possible entries.
Collective search helps contain several elementary search helps. A collective search help
therefore provides several alternative search paths for possible entries.
Append search helps can be used to enhance collective search helps delivered by SAP
with customer-specific search paths without requiring a modification.
The three components of the input help process described by a search help are the outer
interface, the online behavior and the method of data collection.
The outer interface is defined by specifying the interface parameters. They define the
context information to be used in the input help process and the attributes to be sent to the
screen by the input help.
The search help attachment defines the field contents for parametrizing an import parameter
and the fields of the input template in which the contents of the export parameters should be
returned.
The dialog behavior and data collection are defined differently for elementary search helps
and collective search helps.
The behavior of a search help can be made more flexible than usual with search help exits.

Lock object name

A lock object is a virtual link of several SAP tables which is used to synchronize
simultaneous access by two users to the same set of data ( SAP lock concept).
Locks are requested and released in the programming of online transactions by calling certain
function modules which are automatically generated from the definition of the lock objects.
These lock objects must be explicitly created in the ABAP Dictionary.
To set locks, you must perform the following steps:
1. You must define a lock object in the ABAP Dictionary. The name of the lock object
should begin with E.
2. The function modules for requesting and releasing locks which are created
automatically when the lock object is activated must be linked to the programming of the
relevant online transactions.