TENSES

Simple Present Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ verb 1/ verb 1-s/es+ O

2. Pasif: O+ am/is/are+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:
Aktif :

He Buys a bag today

Ariana wants those books.

Pasif :

A bag bought by him today

The work is repaired by her immediately.

Simple Past Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ V2+ O
2. Pasif: O+ was/were+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh :

Aktive: My father repaired the car, yesterday. (Ayah saya memperbaiki mobil, kemarin.)

Passive: The car was repaired by my father. (Mobil diperbaiki oleh ayah saya.)

Past Continuous Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ was/were+ (V1+ing)+ O

2. Pasif: O+ was/were+ being+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:

Aktive: The police was asking the customer when the thief came into the store. (Polisi sedang
menanyai orang yang sedang belanja ketika pencuri masuk ke toko tersebut.)

Passive: The customer was being asked by the police when the thief came into the store. (Orang yang
sedang belanja tersebut sedang ditanyai oleh polisi ketika pencuri masuk ketoko tersebut.)

Past Perfect Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ had+ verb 3+ O

2. Pasif: O+ had+ been+ verb 3+ by+ S
Contoh:

Active: Those mechanics had repaired many cars before they received their licenses. (Para mekanik itu
telah memperbaiki banyak mobil sebelum mereka menerima surat izin resminya.)

Passive: Many cars had been repaired by those mechanics before they received their licenses. (Banyak
mobil telah diperbaiki oleh para mekanik itu sebelum mereka menerima surat izin resminya.)

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ had+ been+ (V1+ing)+ O

2. Pasif: O+ had+ been+ being+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:

Active: Chef Juna had been preparing the Warung Padang for three years before he moved to
Bandung. (Koki Juna telah sedang mempersiapkan Warung Padang selama tiga tahun sebelum dia
pindah ke Bandung.)

Passive: The Warung Padang had been being prepared by Chef Juna for three years before he moved
to Bandung. (Warung Padang telah sedang dipersiapkan oleh koki Juna selama tiga tahun sebelum ia
pindah ke Bandung.)

Past Future Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ would+ verb 1+ O

2. Pasif: O+ would be+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:

1. I would buy the new shoes (Aku akan membeli sepatu baru itu)
2. The new shoes would be bought by me (Sepatu baru itu akan aku beli)

Past Future Continuous Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ would+ be+ (V1+ing)+ O

2. Pasif: O+ would+ be+ being+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:
Aktif :

Luna and Rio will be loving to read book

At 9:00 PM tonight, Josh will be cleaning the desk.

Pasif :

To read book will be being loved by Luna and Rio

 At 9:00 PM tonight, the desk will be being cleaned by Josh.

Past Future Perfect Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ would+ have+ verb 3+ O

2. Pasif: O+ would+ have been+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:
Aktif :

The students will have completed the exam before closing time
Peoples will have completed the job before the deadline.

Pasif :

The exam will have been completed before closing time

The job will have been completed before the deadline.

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ would+ have been+ (V1+ing)+ O

2. Pasif: O+ would+ have been+ being+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:
Aktif :

She will have been watching TV

Andi will have been painting the building for over six months by the time it is finished.

Pasif :

The TV will have been being watched by her

The building will have been being painted by Andi for over six months by the time it is
finished.

Present Continuous Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ Am/is/are+ (V1+ing)+ O

2. Pasif: O+ am/is/are+ being+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh :

Aktif :

She is reading a book now

The engine is driving the train.

Pasif :
 A book is being red by her now
The train is being driven by the engine

Simple Future Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ will+ verb 1+ O

2. Pasif: O+ will+ be+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:
Aktif :

They will wash the car tomorrow

Sam will finish the work by 7:00 PM.

Pasif :

The car will be washed by them tomorrow

The work will be finished by 7:00 PM.

Future Continuous Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ will+ be+ (V1+ing)+ O

2. Pasif: O+ will+ be+ being+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:

1. The students will be finishing their homework- if they have been at the school (Murid-Murid
itu akan sedang menyelesaikan PR mereka jika mereka sudah berada di sekolahan)
2. The homework will be being finished by the students- if they have been at the school (PR-nya
akan sedang murid-murid itu selesaikan jika mereka sudah berada di sekolahan)

Present Perfect Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ have/has+ verb 3+ O

2. Pasif: O+ have/has+ been+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh :

Active: Many tourists have visited that beach. (Banyak turis telah mengunjungi pantai itu.)

Passive: That beach has been visited by many tourists. (Pantai tersebut telah dikunjungi oleh banyak
turis.)

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus:
 1. Aktif: S+ have/ has+ been+ (V1+ing)+ O
2. Pasif: O+ have/has+ been+ being+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:

Active: Recently, Dono has been doing the work. (Akhir-akhir ini, Dono telah sedang mengerjakan
tugasnya.)

Passive: Recently, the work has been being done by Dono. (Akhir-akhir ini, pekerjaan tersebut telah
sedang dikerjakan oleh Dono.)

Future Perfect Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ will+ have+ verb 3+ O

2. Pasif: O+ will+ have+ been+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:

1. I will have submitted my assignment- on Monday next week (Aku akan sudah mengumpulkan
tugasku pada hari Senin minggu depan)
2. My assignment will have been submitted by me- on Monday next week (Tugasku akan sudah
aku kumpulkan pada hari Senin minggu depan)

Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus:

1. Aktif: S+ will+ have+ been+ (V1+ing)+ O

2. Pasif: O+ will+ have+ been+ being+ verb 3+ by+ S

Contoh:

Active: I will have been translating Laskar Pelangis novel for over 2 months by the time it is finished.
(Aku akan telah menterjemahkan novel Laskar Pelangi selama 2 bulan ketika itu diselesaikan.)

Passive: Laskar Pelangis novel will have been being translating by me for over 2 months by the time
it is finished. (Novel Laskar Pelangi akan telah diterjemahkan oleh saya selama dua bulan ketika itu
diselesaikan.)