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CSEC MATHEMATICS
Past Paper Solution May 2013

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** Please see the original past paper for the questions. Q1. b
Only the answers will be provided as per copyright
obligations. To assess which size carton of orange is the better buy, we
********************************************************** must determine the cost per ml .

Q1a. (i)May 2013 So for carton (350ml):

$4.2
Since the exact value for the expression is requested, do cost per ml = = 1.2 cents per ml
350
not convert to decimal.

Step1: Simplify the numerator viz: and for carton (450ml) :

$5.13
cost per ml = = 1.14 cents per ml
4 1 450
1
5 3
9 1
= (LCM = 15) The better buy is therefore carton size (450 ml) as it costs
5 3 less than carton size(350ml)
27 5
=
15
Q1. c
22
= Principal (P) = $9,600
15 Interest (r) = 8%
after first year Time (T) = 1 year
Step 2: Simplify the denominator viz:
2 Interest after first year = 8% of $9600
2 8
5 = 9600 = $768
12 100
=
5
Total amount owing after first year = Principal + Interest
Step 3: Invert denominator and multiply by numerator = (9600 + 768) = $10,368

5 22 1 22 1 11 Amount repaid at end of first year = $4, 368

= = so amount still owing at beginning of second year is:
12 15 12 3 6 3
= 10,368 4,368 = $6,000
11
= Interest due after second year is 8% of $6000
18
8
6000 = $480
100

1.a (ii)
2
( 1.5625) = 1.25 and (0.32) = 0.1024

so: 1.25 + 0.1024 = 1.3524 ( do not round your answer)

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2 a) (i) 2b (i)
The first thing to note is that we can factor 2x from both To make C the subject:
terms in (i) to get: 2x ( x2 4)
Step Action Result
The term in bracket is now the familiar difference of two
squares , where: 1 Move (32) to the LHS 9
F-32 = C
5
2
x 4=( x+2 )( x2) 2 5 5
Mul both sides by ( F 32 ) =C
9 9
so the the completely factorized espression is:
3 Swap RHS with LHS 5
C= ( F 32 )
2x ( x+2)( x2 ) 9
2 a) (ii)

From the question paper, we can see that the coefficients of 2b (ii) If F = 113 then
the quadratic expression are :
5
C= (11332) = 45
a = 3, b = -5 and c = -2 9

we must now identify two numbers whose product = ac 2c (i) Total tickest sold = 500
and whose sum = b
so if x tickets were sold for $6 each then
now : ac = 32 = 6
and b = 5
a) (500 x) tickets were sold for $10 each
The challenge is now to find two numbers whose product is b) total money collected = 6x+10(500 x)
(- 6) and whose sum is (-5 )
= 6x + 5000 10x
Condition 1 = 5000 - 4x
The pair of numbers must multiply to give negative 6, so one
number must be negative.
2c(ii)
Condition 2
The pair of numbers must add (sum) to give negative 5, so the If amount collected is known to be $4108 then:
bigger number must be negative.

Pairs of numbers are: 4108 = 5000 4x so

(- 6) and (+1) product = - 6 and sum = -5
(-3) and (+2) product = - 6 and sum = -1 4x = 5000 4108
5000 4108
clearly the first pair of numbers that match our criteria is the giving: x =
4
first pair of ( - 6 ) and ( +1)
= 223 tickets were sold for $6 each.
Now we must rewrite the original quadratic equation, and
replace the coefficient of the middle term ( which is -5) with
the pair of numbers that we just found. ( - 6, and +1)

Note that: -6+1 =-5

2
Rewriting we get : = 3x 6x+ x 2
= 3x ( x 2)+( x2) grouping

= (x 2) (3x +1) factor ( x - 2)

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3 a. (i) Sets 3b (ii)

U=30
C
C M
E
4x x 20-x
6
2

A
8 - 3.2 = 4.8 D B
From the information given on the past paper, the ven
diagram is produced showingthe number of each student in
8
each group in terms of x.
Triangle ABC and ADE are similar because their
corresponding angles are equal.:(see diag. on past paper)
The equation for the total students in the survey is:
1. AED= ACB
3 a. (ii) 30 = 4x + x + 20-x +2 2. ADE= ABC
3. Both Triangles share a common angle in CAB
30 20 2 = 4x + x - x
8 = 4x
x=2
3 b (iii) Finding Length DE
3 a. (iii)
Since the triangles are similar then:
Number of students using only cameras = 4x = 8
6 DE
=
8 4.8
3b 4.86
The diagram on the past paper should be used here in so DE = = 3.6
8
conjunction with the following:

(i) Finding length BC

Q4a.
C
Length DE =
ECD =
10
6 Perimeter = DE + EC + CD =
Area (CDE) = 1/ 2 (CD ) EG =
A
B
8

From the diagranm of the past paper, we can find BC for this
right angled trialgle as follows:

Let length BC = x

then: 82 +x 2=10 2 ( pythagoras)

so x= ( 102 82 )
giving: x = BC = 6

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4b i) Finding Gradient of line AB (m AB ) Let the equation of the perpendicular bisector be:
y = m 2 x +c
Given A(-1, 4) and B(3,2) then
where m2 is the gradient , and c is the imtercept
y2 y 1
Let the gradient of Line AB = m1 =
x2 x 1 Finding the gradient
Now recall that the perpendicular bisector must have a

where x1, y1 are the coordinates of point A gradient such that m 1 m 2 =1

and x 2, y 2 are the coordinates of point B 1 1
m2 = = =2
x 1 =1 and y1= 4 m1 0.5
so : Point A
and x 2= 3 and y 2 =2 .. Point B
Finding the intercept c
recall also that the perpendicular bisector passes through the
24 2 1
so m1 = = = = 0.5 mid point of line AB, so one point on the perpendicular
3(1) 4 2 bisector is the mid point coordinates ( 1, 3) of line AB

So by substituting the coordinates (1, 3) , and the gradient

4b ii) Finding Mid point coordinates of AB ( xm , ym ) m 2 = 2 into the equation for the perpendicular bisector we
get can find the intercept c.
x 1 +x 2 31
now xm = = = 1 So: y = m 2 x +c ..
2 2
3 = 2 (1) + c
y1+ y 2 4+2
and ym = = = 3 Giving : c=32=1
2 2

xm , y m ) so the equation of the perpendicular bisector is

so coordimates of mid point ( = (1, 3 )

y = 2x +1
4b ii) Finding the equation of the perpendicular bisector
of Line AB

Lin e2 is perpendicular bisector

A(-1,4)
M id p oint o f line AB

B(3,2)

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5. a(i)
Step Action Result
Now if A is proportional to R2 1 Replace f(x) with y 2x+1
Then we may write this as: y=
3
A R2 2 Interchange x and y 2y+1
x=
A=k R 2 .... where k is a constant 3
3 Make y the subject 3x = 2y +1
now from the table when A = 36, R = 3
3x 1 = 2y
so 36 = k (32 )
3x 1
36 =y
2
hence k = 2 =4
(3 )
3x 1
also , when R = 5 , A= 4(5 2 ) = 100 so: y=
2
and when A = 196, R =
A
k
=
196
4
= 7 4 Replace y with f 1 ( x ) f
1
( x) =
3x 1
2

we may now complete the table as shown:

3(3) 1
A 36 100 196 So f 1 (3) = = 4
2
R 3 5 7

5. b(i) Finding fg(2)

Now given f(x) and g(x) as shown on the past paper:

to find fg(2) we must first find g(2) by substituting 2 into the
function g(x).

ie: g(2) = 4(2) + 5 = 13

now since g(2) = 13, then fg(2) is the same as f(13)

so by substituting 13 in the function f(x) we get:

2 (13)+1
fg(2) is the same as f(13) = = 9
3

5. b(ii) Finding f 1 (3)

Now to find f 1 (3) , we must first find f 1 ( x )

and then replace x with the number 3

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6a i) M T M ''
6 + 0 = 6
Now to convert the speed of a car from 54 km/h to m/s we
can do the following:
() ( ) ()
4 3 1
N T N''
5 + 0 = 5
now
so
1km = 1000m
54km/h = 54,000m/h () ( ) ()
6 3 3
The fig below shows the image after the translation
also 1 h = 3600 sec
so 54,000m/h means that the car will travel 54,000
54,000
meters in 3600 sec or = = 15 meters in
3600
1 sec

54km/hr = 15m/s

Now Distance = Speed x Time

so if the speed if 15 m/s, then after 20 seconds :

Distance = 1520 = 300m

6.b)
mirror line
6biii)
Y

d d
Y
C C' N '( 9, 6)

object image
A' P'
A B B'
X 4
0 5 M' (8, 4) L' (13, 4)

The diagram above shows an object triangle ABC and its image N'' (5, 3)
A'B'C'. Note that each image point is a reflection of the object
point in a mirror line at x = 5.
P
Now compare the above with the diagram shown on the past
1
L" (1, 1) M'' (6, 1)
paper, where it can be clearly seen that the image L'M'N' is a X
reflection of the triangle LMN in the line x = 7

6b ii)
Triangle P may be mapped unto P' by the following combined
transformations:
A translation T=
3
0
( )has the effect of moving the object 3
()
1) A translation T = 0 followed by a reflection in
3
units down on the y-axis. This is described mathematically as :
Object point + Translation (T) = Image point the line x = 7

L T L'' 2) A reflection in the line x = 7 followed by a translation

so: 1 +
() ( ) ()
4
0 = 1
3 1
T=
0
3 ()

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Q 7a) ( i) Statistics

Q 7c.i)
1. The median Q2 correspond to the 1/2 n th ranked student,
where n = 40
So the median amount spent corresponds to the amount spent by the 20th ranked
student on the curve.
median = $31

Q 7c.ii)
The amount of students that spend less than $23 is read from the curve as 9
9
so the probability that a student spent less than $23 =
40

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Q8.a) Finding a rule relating B and N

The fourth diagram is the sequence is shown below The formula or rule that relates the number N with the
number of balls B may be found using general equation for
a straight line , since the relationship is linear.

Ie B=m 2 N +c ( m2 = gradient, c = intercept)

so using diagrams 1 and 2

B1 =m 2 N 1 +c
B2 =m 2 N 2+c
The completed table is shown below
B2 B1 12 8
N # Wires # Balls hence m2 = = =4
N 2 N 1 21
1 12 8
2 20 12 substituting this gradient into the first equation
3 28 16 8 = 4 (1) +c
(i) 4 36 20 so c=4
(ii) 20 164 84
Therfore the equation for the number of balls B is:
Finding a rule relating W and N
B = 4N +4
The formula or rule that relates the number N with the
number of wires W may be found using general equation for
a straight line , since the relationship is linear.
so if N = 4, then B = (4 x 4) + 4 = 20
Ie W = m N + c ( m = gradient, c = intercept)
so using diagrams 1 and 2 and if N = 20, then B = (4x 20) + 4 = 84

W 1 =m N 1 +c
W 2=m N 2 +c

w 2 w1 20 12
hence m= = =8
N 2 N 1 21

substituting this gradient into the first equation

12 = 8 (1) +c
so c=4

Therfore the equation for the number of wires W is:

W = 8N +4

so if N = 4, then W = (8 x 4) + 4 = 36

and if N = 20, then W = (8 x 20) + 4 = 164

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The new form is therefore:

SECTION II 2
y = 3( x 2) 4
Q 9. a) Linear programming Question:
The graph is shown below:
Establish the variables:
Person Plans to buy x oranges and y mangoes y

Conditions:
i) If Bag can only hold 6 fruits then x + y <= 6
ii)If we must have at least 2 mangoes, then y >= 2
iii) The inequality y <= 2x implies that the number of
mangoes must Not be more than two times the number of 8
oranges.

v) The Graph of the solution set is shown below

x
0 2

-4
(2, - 4)

The y intercept is shown = 8

the coordinates of the minimum point is (2, - 4)

b)
Given a quadratic function in the form ax 2 +bx+c
we can rewrite this function in the form a ( x+h )2+ k
2
b 4acb
where h= ; and k=
2a 4a

The function given on the past paper is in the form :

2
f ( x)=ax +bx+c , with a = 3, b = -12 and c = 8

12
so : h = = 2
2 (3)
2
4(3)(8)(12)
and k = = 4
4(3)

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Q 10 a) Circle Theorem (iii) Finding AFB

The following observations are made from the diagram on the F

past Paper: 50

# Observation Applicable theorem(s) O

1 one Tangents angle between tangent and 100
A
chord = angle in the
alternate segment
B
Angle between radius and
Tangent = 90 0
2 Triangle BOA is isosceles Base angles are equal From observation #2,
3 Angle O at the center Angle at center is twice that 100
AFB= = 50 0 because angle at the centre is
at the circumference 2
twice the angle at the circumference.
(i) Finding EBF
F (iv) Finding OAF

O 50
E R
55 35
O
25
B
40 A
35
40
0
From Observation 2, EBO=90 because angles between B
0
radius and tangent = 90

Therefore: EBF +35

0
= 900 Considering triangle BFA:
EBF = 90 -35 = 550 B+F +A=1800

where B=40+35=750
(ii) Finding BOA and F =50 0
and A=40+OAF

so 75+50+40+OAF = 1800

O hence OAF =250

100
40 A
40
B

From observation 2: Base angles are equal in an isoscelecs

triangle so OBA=OAB = 40 0

Therefore: BOA=1000 .. angles in a triangle = 1800

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Q10.b i) Finding angle of elevation T from S

Triangle RFT
considering triangle TFS

T T

25m
25m
270
x0
F R S
43.3m F

Triangle TFS
T Let x represent the angle of elevation T from S:
25
so: Tan x = = 0.57736
25m 43.3
S giving: x = tan1 (0.57736 ) = 30 0
43.3m F

Triangle SFR

R
F

43.3m

Finding RF

0 25
considering Triangle RFT: tan 27 =
RF
25 25
so RF = 0 = = 49.1m
tan 27 0.5095

Finding SR
considering triangle RFS

49.1m
R
F

43.3m

(SR)2 =(SF )2 +( RF )2
so SR = 43.32 +49.12 = 65.5m

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Q11 (a) Vectors Q11a.ii)

The following diagrams are to be used in conjunction with
the diagram on the past paper. Two geometrical relationships are;

Finding Vector A
B 1) OB is parallel to PQ because O
B=2 P Q
B 2) Triangle OBA is similar to Triangle PQA because the
corresponding angles are equal.

A B

2b

O B

Q11. b

( )
2a
2 1
O
A
If M=

O A 4 3
1 Adjoint M
then M =
Now A B is the vector going from A to B Determinant of M
that is: First go from A to O and then from O to B

so:
where:
A
B =
O A=2a , and

A O+O
B
O
B=2b
where Adjoint M = ( 3 1
4 2 )
and Determinant of M = 3 x 2 4 x 1 = 2

Now
AO is the negative of vector
OA
so
AO = O A = 2a

giving:
AB = 2a+2b
so M 1 =
2 4 (
1 3 1
2 )
or = 2 (ba )
( )( )

AB 2 1 3 1
now M M 1 = 4 3 4 2
2
Finding Vector P
Q

B ( ) ( )
1 2 0
2 0 2
=
1 0
0 1
Q 11 b.iii)
Q now if [M][P] = [Q] then

(b - a) [P] = M 1 [Q]

A
O
P a
so ( )
r
t
s
u
= (
1 3 1
2 4 2

2 1
4 1 )( )
Now P is midpoint OA so P A = 1/ 2 (O A) = a

and Q is the midpoint of AB

= ( )
1 2
0 3
= 1/ 2( A
so A Q B) = (b - a)
so: r = 1, s = 2, t = 0, u = -3
Now P Q is the vector going from P to Q
that is: First go from P to A and then from A to Q ----END---
so: PQ = P A+A Q
= a + ( b a)
=b

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