for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6210 17
ANNEX
(Mandatory Information)
A1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrat- vehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in loose
ing a positive influence on reducing cavitation corrosion in an engines or in engines fully integrated into an application, such
operating engine is required. See Table A1.1. as a vehicle, a power boat, or a stationary power source. One
A1.1.1 In-service qualification tests may consist of single- such test has been developed.5
or multiple-cylinder engine tests. At the option of the engine or A1.1.2 Coolants that have completed the Test Method
D7583 (laboratory test method to demonstrate coolant cavita-
TABLE A1.1 Cavitation Protection Options Meeting the tion performance) test with a maximum pit count of 200 are
Requirements of A1.1
regarded as passing the requirements of A1.1.
Predilute
Utilize one of the A1.1.3 Several chemical compositions have been tested
or Acceptance Criteria
Following
Concentrate extensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimize
In-service test per agreement agreement between engine cylinder liner cavitation in actual test engines. Coolants meet-
manufacturer and coolant
supplier for test criteria
ing either of the following compositions are regarded as
Laboratory test (D7583) per tested maximum 200 pit count measured passing the requirements of A1.1:
(for all formulations formulation per Test Method D7583 A1.1.3.1 A minimum concentration of nitrite (as NO2) of
that do not meet the
chemical composition
1200 g/g (ppm) in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, or
requirements below) A1.1.3.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (as
Chemical Composition NO2) plus molybdate (as MoO42) in the 50 volume %
Nitrite formulation predilute nitrite (as NO2) of 1200 g/g
(ppm) minimum predilute coolant of 780 g/g (ppm). At least 300 g/g (ppm)
Nitrite formulation concentrate nitrite (as NO2) of 2400 g/g each of NO2 and MoO42 must be present.
(ppm) minimum A1.1.3.3 The above concentrations are doubled for coolant
Combined nitrite and predilute combined concentration of nitrite
molybdate formulation (as NO2) plus molybdate as concentrates.
(MoO42) of 780 g/g (ppm)
minimum. At least 300 g/g A1.2 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under this
(ppm) each of NO2 and specification must contain additives to minimize hot surface
MoO42 must be present
Combined nitrite and concentrate combined concentration of nitrite scaling deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and other
molybdate formulation (as NO2) plus molybdate
(as MoO42) of 1560 g/g (ppm)
minimum. At least 600 g/g
5
(ppm) each of NO2 and A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated Heavy-Duty Engine
MoO42 must be present Cavitation Test, SAE Technical Paper 960883, SAE International, 400 Common-
wealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096.
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D6210 17
types) minimize the deposition of calcium and magnesium
compounds on heat rejecting surfaces. No specific chemical
requirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistance
have been established at this time.
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.1 Engine CoolantCooling system fill for a heavy duty TABLE X1.2 Freeze Protection
engine consists of water and fully formulated heavy duty Approximate Freeze Protection Temperature, C (F)
Glycol Content, %
coolant concentrate or fully formulated prediluted heavy duty Coolant Type I-FF Coolant Type II-FF
coolant. 40 24 (12) 21 (6)
50 37 (34) 32 (26)
X1.1.1 Water: 60 52 (62) 48 (54)
X1.1.1.1 Water quality affects the efficiency of coolant
additives. When untreated, all water is corrosive. Water having
a high mineral content or corrosive materials is unfit for pitting). User experience and published information shows the
cooling system use. presence of nitrite in an SCA or fully-formulated heavy-duty
X1.1.1.2 When preparing coolant mixtures, the water coolant is particularly effective in providing maximum protec-
should be of such quality that it does not contain excessive tion.
solids, hardness salts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence of X1.1.4.3 New technology consisting of other chemistries
specific recommendations from the engine or vehicle may provide satisfactory protection. Such chemistries can be
manufacture, see Table X1.1. Contact your local water established by agreement between producers and users upon
department, the responsible government agency, or submit a demonstration of performance utilizing Test Method D7583.
water sample for analysis if there is a question on water quality. Optionally, such demonstrations can consist of comparative
X1.1.2 Coolant Concentrates: damage rating from testing in operating engines. One or both
X1.1.2.1 The coolant concentration should be maintained of these options may be applied as determined in a specific
between 40 and 60 % glycol by volume, depending on the agreement between parties.
engine operating environment. Freeze protection will be pro-
vided in accordance with Table X1.2. X1.2 Coolant Maintenance Recommendations:
X1.1.3 Prediluted Engine Coolants: X1.2.1 If any of the following recommendations differ,
X1.1.3.1 Prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 vol- follow the engine or vehicle manufacturers recommendations.
ume % minimum) should be used without further dilution. If X1.2.2 Use the coolant concentration recommended in this
additional freeze protection is required, coolant concentrate specification.
may be added to the prediluted engine coolant to increase the X1.2.3 Drain and flush the cooling system as recommended
total glycol content in the cooling system (see Table X1.2). by the engine or vehicle manufacturer.
X1.1.4 Supplemental Coolant Additive: X1.2.4 Use water that meets the requirement in Table X1.1.
X1.1.4.1 SCAs extend the life of the coolant by replenishing
the additives that deplete during normal operation. SCAs, X1.2.5 Use accurate, reliable equipment, such as a
however, do not extend the freeze protection provided by the refractometer, to measure coolant concentrate levels for freeze
coolant concentrate. protections.
X1.1.4.2 Heavy-duty engine users experience has shown X1.2.6 Use the SCA manufacturers recommended test kit
that coolants not meeting the criteria specified in A1.1 may not when testing the coolant for proper additive concentration. Test
provide long term protection against cavitation corrosion (liner kits shall indicate the degree of liner pitting protection present
in the coolant.
TABLE X1.1 Suggested Water Quality LimitsA X1.2.7 Check freezing point at two different levels when
Property Specific Values Test Method coolant concentrate and water is premixed and stored in bulk or
Total solids, g/g (ppm (grains/gal)) 340 (20) max Fed Method 2540BB drums to be sure mixing is complete before use.
Total hardness, g/g (ppm (grains/gal)) 170 (10) max D1126
Chloride (Cl), g/g (ppm (grains/gal)) 40 (2.4) max D4327 X1.2.8 Use coolant mixed at the desired proportions for
Sulfate (SO4), g/g (ppm (grains/gal)) 100 (5.9) max D4327 make-up.
pH 5.5 to 9.0 D1293
A
X1.2.9 Use SCAs at the recommended maintenance dosage
Adopted from a survey by the D15 Water Quality Task Force.
B
Federal Method 2540B, Total Dissolved Solids Dried at 103105C.4 and intervals to control deposits, corrosion, water pump
damage, and liner pitting.
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D6210 17
X1.2.10 Periodically check bulk premixed coolant storage radiators, heater cores, and charge air coolers and can also
tanks for separation of chemicals and contamination. cause water pump seal leaks.
X1.2.11 DO NOT add undiluted coolant concentrate as X1.2.15 DO NOT reuse coolant that has been drained from
make-up coolant for coolant Types I-FF and II-FF. a vehicle.
X1.2.12 DO NOT add plain water as make-up coolant. X1.2.16 DO NOT precharge the cooling system with SCA
X1.2.13 DO NOT exceed 60 % coolant concentrate in Type when using fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant.
I-FF and Type II-FF coolants. A coolant concentrate level X1.2.17 DO NOT use soluble oil additives.
greater than 68 % actually reduces freeze protection in ethyl-
ene glycol base coolants. The maximum recommended coolant X1.2.18 DO NOT use methyl alcohol or methoxypropanol
concentrate level is 60 % which provides the freeze protection base coolant concentrates.
shown in X1.1.2. X1.2.19 DO NOT use anti-leak additives if engine cooling
X1.2.14 DO NOT exceed the manufacturers recommended system is equipped with a coolant filter, as this may plug the
dosage of SCA or the recommended concentration of coolant filter element. For all other cooling systems, follow the
concentrate. Over-concentration can result in plugged recommendations of the engine or vehicle manufacturer.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee D15 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D621010)
that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Nov. 1, 2017.)
(1) In Subsection 3.1, the word general was added before (3) The last sentence of Subsection 4.2 was added.
physical and reference to Table 4 of Specification D3306 was (4) Table A1.1 was revised.
added. (5) The last sentence of Subsection A1.1.3.3 was deleted.
(2) Subsection 4.1 was revised.
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