GRUPO:
203057_12
PRESENTADO POR:
JHONNY LEANDRO GONZALEZ MORENO, C.C. 1110446958
CRISTIAN ANDRES ALFONSO, C.C. 1110591890
DANIEL EDUARDO RENGIFO, C.C.
RAUL ANDRES NAVARRETE, C.C.
JHON NEVER DEVIA OCAMPO: C.C 1110.544.025
PRESENTADO A:
JOSE ADEL BARRERA
Este trabajo colaborativo se realiza con el fin de construir una solucin conjunta entre los
integrantes del curso, a las actividades propuestas, donde afianzaremos conocimientos y de
esta forma poder analizar e interiorizar los conceptos y procesos bsicos de funciones derivacin
de funciones de varias variables: Derivadas Parciales, derivadas direccionales, elementos de
lnea y reas, mximos y mnimos, transformaciones diferenciales generalizadas, que debemos
resolver en el trascurso de las unidad 2.
1. Calcular las cuatro derivadas parciales de segundo orden. Observar que las derivadas
parciales mixtas de segundo orden son iguales. 11, 22, 12=21
a.
2
=
2
2 2
1 = = + 3
2 1
2 = =
2 2
2 (6)
11 = = +
4
2 6
11 = 4
2 2
12 = = +
2 3
2 2
21 = = +
2 3
2 2
22 = =
3
b.
= +
(, ) = +
1 1 1
1 = = +
1
1 = +
1
2 = = 2 + ( 2 )
1
2 = 2
2 =
2
( 2
)2
( ( )) 1) (
2
22 = =
4
( 2 2
) 2 + 2 2
2
22 =
4
2 2 2 + 2 2
22 =
4
2 2 2
22 =
4
1
+ ( )
21 = =
2
21 =
2
21 = 21 =
2 3
1
( )
21 =
3
1 1
11 = = ( ) + ( 2 )
1
11 = 2 2
( ( 2 ) )
12 = =
2
)
(
2
12 =
2
2
12 =
2 2
( )
12 = 12 =
3 3
c.
3
= sin 1
2
1
2 2
6 3
11 = = 6 3 (1 (( 2 ) ))
3 2
3 1 ( 2 )
1 3
2 2 2 2
3 1 3
11 = 6 3 4 (1 (( 2 ) )) + ( (1 ( 2 ) )) 9 2 4 5 3
2
[ ]
18 108
11 =
3 2 3 2 3
4 1 ( 2 ) 8 (1 ( 2 ) )2
1
2 2
3 3 3
22 = = 2
(1 (1 ( 2 ) ))
3 2
3 1 ( 2 )
3 3
2 2 2 2
1 3 9 2 27 3
22 = 3 2 (1 (1 ( 2 ) )) ( 4
)= 6
(1 (1 ( 2 ) ))
2
1 3
2 2 2 2
6 3 1 3 18
12 = 1 (1 (( 2 ) )) + ( (1 ( 2 ) )) ( 4 )
3 2
[ ]
6 54 2
=
3 2 3 2 3
3 1 ( 2 ) 7 (1 ( 2 ) )2
1 3
2 2 2 2
3 1 3
21 = 3 (2 3 ) (1 (( 2 ) )) + ( (1 ( 2 ) )) (9 2 )(4 5 )
2
[ ]
6 54 2
=
3 2 3 2 3
3 1 ( 2 ) 7 (1 ( 2 ) )2
d.
= ( 2 + 2 )1
= ( 2 + 2 )
2 2 2 ( 2 + 2 )
= 2 + ( + ) = 2 2 2 2 = 2
1 + ( )2 ( + )
2
2 2
= 2 + 2 2 = 2 2
+ 2
1 + ( )
1
2 2 2 2
= (2 2 ) = 2 1= 1 =
+ 2 2 2 + 2 2 + 2
1+( )
2
1 2 + 2
= 2 + ( 2 + 2 ) 2 = 2 + 2 2 = 2 +
+
1 + ( )
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 + 1 = 2 + 1 = 2 + +
= (2 + ) = 2 + 1 =
2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 2
1 + ( )
2
2 2
= =
2 2
2
= (2 + ) = 2 + 2
+ 2
e.
= +
( + )
2 + 2 =
1
(ln()) =
( + )
Reemplazamos :
1
2
2
1
2 =
2 2 + 2 +
1 1
= =
+
2 2 2 2 2
+ + 2 + 2 + 2
2 2
=
+
11 = = = 2 +2
( 2 )
+ 2
2
() ( 2 + 2 ) ( + 2 )
=
( 2 + 2 )2
() = 1
2
( + 2 ) = 2
1 ( 2 + 2 ) 2 2 + 2 2 2
= =
( 2 + 2 )2 ( 2 + 2 )2
+
=
( + )
12 =
=
2 + 2
( 2 )
+ 2
Pasamos a constante
1
( 2 2
)= (( + ) )
+
+ =
1 2
( ) ( + 2 )
1 1
( ) = 2
2
( + 2 ) = 2
1
( ) 2 = =
( 2 2
+ )2 ( + )
= 2 + 2
1
(ln()) =
( 2 + 2 )
2
( + 2 ) 2 + 2 =
1
=
2
2
( + 2 ) = 0 + 2 = = 2
1 1
2 = 2 = =
2 2 2 + 2 + +
1
= = =
2 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 +
=
=
2 + 2
( 2 )
+ 2
22 =
=
2 + 2
() ( 2 + 2 ) ( 2 + 2 )
( 2 ) = = () = 1
+ 2 2
( + ) 2 2
2 1 ( 2 + 2 ) 2 2 + 2 2 2
( + 2 ) = 2 = = = =
( 2 + 2 )2 ( 2 + 2 )2 ( + )
=
=
2 + 2
( 2 )
+ 2
1
( 2 )
+ 2
(( 2 + 2 )1 )
Aplicamos:
2 + 2 =
1 2 1 1
( ) ( + 2 ) = ( ) = 2
2
( + 2 ) = 2
Sustituimos:
1
( ) 2 = =
( 2 2
+ )2 ( + )
= = =
( + ) ( + )
a.
(,)=1+2 (3,4); =4,3
1 1
() = (2, 2 (2))
2
(, ) = (2, )
Calculando:
3
(3,4) = (24, )
4
3
= (2(2), )
2
3
= (4, )
2
4, 3 4, 3 4, 3 4 3
= = = = ,
42 + 32 16 + 9 25 5 5
4 3 3 16 9 23
(3,4) = (2,1) = ( , ) (4, ) = =
5 5 2 5 10 10
b.
1 1
(, ) = ( 2 2 , 2)
+ 2 2 + 2
2 2
(, ) = ( 2 , 2 )
+ + 2
2
Se tiene ahora:
2(2) 2(1) 4 2
(2,1) = ( , 2 ) (2,1) = ( , )
22 2
+1 2 +1 2 5 5
1 , 2 1 2
= =( , )
1 + 4 5 5
4 2 1 2
(2,1) = f(2,1) = ( , ) ( , )
5 5 5 5
4 4
f(2,1) = + =0
55 55
c.
(, ) = 4 2 3 (2, 1), = + 3
R//:
Vector unitario
= + 3
|| = 0 + 32 = 9
|| = 3
+ 3
=
5
1 3
= +
5 5
Derivada de p
(, ) = 33 2 3
Derivada de q
(, ) = 4 2 32
(, ) = (, )1 + (, )2
1 3
(, ) = 33 2 3 ( ) + 4 2 3 2 ( )
5 5
1 3
(2,1) = 3(2)3 2(2) (1)3 ( ) + (2)4 (2)2 3(1)2 ( )
5 5
1 3
(2,1) = 24 4 ( ) + 16 12 ( )
5 5
4 36
(2,1) = 24 + 16
5 5
116 44 160
(2,1) = + =
5 5 5
(2,1) = 32
d.
e.
(, , ) = (, , ), =< , , >
Dada la formula :
() =
= () ()
() =
1
() =
2
() =
1
=
2
1
=
2
= =
2
() =
1
() =
2
() =
Reemplazamos:
1
=
2
1
=
2
= =
2
Ahora remplazamos con el otro termino
() = = () ()
() =
1
() =
2
() =
Reemplazamos :
1
=
2
1
=
2
= =
2
(, , ) = ( ) + ( ) + ( )
2 2 2
26 36 32
(3,2,6) = ( ) + ( ) + ( )
23 22 26
3 1
(3,2,6) = + +
2 2
Dado que:
|| = | 2 + 2
|| = 1 + 4 + 4
|| = 9 = || =
1 2 2
= = +
|| 3 3 3
3 1 1 2 2
(3,2,6) = ( + + ) ( + ) =
2 2 3 3 3
3. Hallar una ecuacin del plano tangente y hallar una ecuacin simtrica para la recta normal a
la superficie en el punto dado
a.
++=9, (3,3,3)
() = (1,1,1)
= (1,1,1)
( 3) + ( 3) + ( 3) = 0
++333=0
++9=0
+ + = 9
Ecuacin simtrica
3 = 3 = 3
= =
b.
2 + 2 + 2 = 9, (1,2,2)
= (2, 2, 2)
(1,2,2) = (2,4.4)
El vector normal estara dado por n = (2,4,4)
Ecuacin del plano tangente:
2( 1) + 4( 2) + 4( 2) = 0
2[( 1) + 2( 2) + 2( 2)] = 0
1 + 2 4 + 2 4 = 0
+ 2 + 2 1 4 4 = 0
+ 2 + 2 9 = 0
. + 2 + 2 = 9 Ecuacin del plano tangente.
Ecuacin simtrica a la recta normal:
1 2 2
= =
2 4 4
2 2 = 2 = 2
. 2 = = Ecuacin simtrica de la recta normal.
c.
2 + 2 + = 9, (1,2,4)
(, , ) = 2 + 2 +
Vector gradiente
= ( + + )
= (2 + 2 + 1)
Vector normal
() = (2,4,4)
( 0 ) + ( 0 ) + ( 0 ) = 0
Reemplazamos:
2( 1) + 4( 2) + 4( 4) = 0
2[( 1) + 2( 2) + 2( 4)] = 0
1 + 2 4 + 2 8 = 0
+ 2 + 2 1 4 8 = 0
+ 2 + 2 13 = 0
+ + = Plano tangente
() = (2,4,4)
Ecuaciones paramtricas:
= + 0 = 2 + 1
= + 0 = 4 + 2
= + 0 = 4 + 4
Ecuaciones simtricas:
0
=
0
=
0
=
1 2 4
= =
2 2 4
d.
Escribiendo la ecuacin
2 2 = 16
Ecuacin de la superficie
(, , ) = 2 2
Hallar la gradiente.
=< , , >
=< 2, 2, 1 >
() =< , , > =
Se convierte en el plano normal de vectores
() =< 4, 4, 8 >
( ) + ( ) + ( ) = 0
Se procede a reemplazar
4( 2) 4( 2) 8( 8) = 0
( 2) ( 2) 2( 8) = 0
+ 2 + 2 2 + 16 = 0
2 + 20 = 0
(2,2,8) = ( + 0 + 0 )
Realizamos la igualacin
0 0 0
= =
Reemplazando tenemos
= =
e.
= , (, , )
f
= 3x(3,2) = 1
x
f
= 5x(3,2) = 5
x
Sustituimos:
z 5 = 1(x 3) + 5(y 2)
z 5 = x + 5y 10
+ =
fx (x 2 y 2 ) = 1
fy (x 2 y 2 ) = 1
sustituimos
z 5 = (1)(x 3) + (1)(y 2)
z=5x+3y+2
z=5xy
=
4. Utilice el mtodo de los multiplicadores de Langrange para encontrar los extremos con
restricciones de la funcin dada.
a.
As
(,) =
(,) = 2 + 2 2=0
(, , ) = ( 2 + 2 2)
(, , ) = 2 2 + 2
Derivamos parcialmente
= 2 = 0 1
= 2 = 0 2
2 2
= + 2 = 0 3
+ 2 = 0
2 = 0
=0
2 2
=0
2 2 = 0
2 2 = 0
2 2 = 2
2 2 = 2
=+
1 = +
1
+
= 1
Puntos crticos:
(, )
(, )
(, )
(, )
b.
(, ) = 2 + 2 , sujeta 2 + = 5
(, ) = 2 + 2 , sujeta (2 + = 5) = (, )
(, , ) = (, ) (, )
Se tiene que:
(, , ) = 2 + 2 (2 + 5)
(, , ) = 2 + 2 2 + 5
Derivadas parciales:
(1) = 2 2 = 0
(2) = 2 = 0
(3) = 2 + = 5
Reemplazando en (2):
(4) 2 = 0
2 + = 5 2 = 5
2 = 0 5 2 = 0 5
= =
4 + 0 = 5 4 2 = 5 2
5 5
Rta/. Los puntos crticos son: ( 4 , 2 )
c.
(, ) = 3 2 + 3 2 + 5; = 1
(, ) = 1
= =
(, ) = 0
= 9 ; = 1
= 9 ; = 1
9 = 1
9
=
1
9 = 1
9
=
1
Se igualan las ecuaciones:
9 9
= = 9 = 9
1 1
1 =
Reemplazamos x:
1=0
1 1 = 0
2 = 1
1
=
2
=+
0.5
Reemplazamos y:
1 =
= 1(0.5)
= 0.5
= 1(0.5)
= 0.5
Valores extremos:
(, ) = 3 2 + 3 2 + 5
(0.5,0.5) = 1.5
(, ) = 3 2 + 3 2 + 5
d.
e. (, ) = , + =
Global mximo
Global Mnimo
Local Mximo
Local mnimo
20 40 60 80 100 120
v 220 200 180 170 150 135
R//:
2
20 220 4400 400
40 200 8000 1600
60 180 10800 3600
80 170 13600 6400
100 150 15000 10000
120 135 16200 14400
De acuerdo con el teorema y los valores que hemos obtenido la siguiente formula:
=1 =1 =1
= 2
=1 2 (=1 )
Remplazamos la frmula:
6(68000) (420)(1055)
=
6(36400) (420)2
35100
=
42000
= 0,8357
1
= ( )
=1 =1
Remplazamos:
1
= (1055 (0,8357)(420))
6
1
= (1405,994)
6
= 234,33
Hallamos la ecuacin:
= 0,8357 + 234,33
= 0,8357(140) + 234,33
= 117,33
= 0,8357(160) + 234,33
= 100,6
Adicional, para cualquier problema podemos apoyarnos en las ayudas informticas como
lo son libros virtuales que brindara una base importante para el desarrollo de problemas.
Garca, H. A. E. (2014). Clculo de varias variables. Mxico: Larousse - Grupo Editorial Patria. (pp. 86-
108) Recuperado
de: http://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co:2077/lib/unadsp/reader.action?docID=11013675
Echeverra, J. (2012). Matemticas II: Gua del estudiante: Instituto superior politcnico. Recuperado
de:
http://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co:2077/lib/unadsp/detail.action?docID=10609048&p00=calculo+de+v
arias+variables