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TOTAL E&P YEMEN

KHARIR POWERPLANT PROJECT

CEGELEC Ref : A65-9148-LS1 Date: 18 Apr 2010


TOTAL REF : KHARIR OHL Rev : 1

OL2-1 & OHL CONDUCTOR SPECIFICATION AND SIZING

1 18 Apr 2010 Issued for Construction Salehi LGourari J. Mekkaoui

0 24 Aug 2009 Issued for approval Salehi LGourari J. Mekkaoui

B 17 Aug 2009 Issued for approval Salehi LGourari J. Mekkaoui

A 25 June 2009 Issued for approval Salehi LGourari J. Mekkaoui

Revision Date Description Prepared by Verified by Approved by

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 3
2. OHL NETWORK DESCRIPTION......................................................................................4
3. OBJECTIVE OF THIS DOCUMENT..................................................................................5
4. KEY ASSUMPTIONS AND INPUT DATA..........................................................................6
5. SPECIFICATION & CHARACTERISTICS OF ALMELEC CONDUCTOR..........................9

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1. INTRODUCTION

TOTAL E&P Yemen is operating an onshore oil and gas field in Yemen. The facilities are
located on the East Shabwa permit about 600 km to the East of Sanaa capital of Yemen, in
the Hadramout province.

Site elevation is about 970 m above MSL with minimum basement well elevation at 900 m
and maximum basement well elevation at 990 m. The area is mainly desertic and is
surrounded by deep wadis.

The KHARIR field produces oil from the upper Biyad; the Saar reservoirs using ESP
activated wells, and the Basement reservoir.

The existing facilities are mainly composed of Central Processing Unit (CPU), Central
Compression Unit (CCU), future Basement Projection Unit (BPU) and of oil Production and
water re-injection wells. An extended flow-line network gathers the production to the CCU
where the oil is stabilized. The oil is stabilized and sent to MASILA in the neighbouring Block
14, before being exported by pipeline to a terminal on the Indian Ocean coast.

The present Project includes a power distribution network and the necessary studies and
works to distribute the Power in to the existing CCU, BPU, WTU, CAMP and CPU facilities
and Wells pads (about 65) from the KHARIR Power Plant.

The WORK is performed on different geographical areas: the KHARIR Power Plant and on
several different areas, specifically between existing units and the wells pads and the
connecting works to be performed on BPU, CPU, CAMP and Water treatment Unit.

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2. OHL NETWORK Description.

The OHL NETWORK consists of a Distribution Network up to the termination points for
existing facilities and wells pads electrical connection including the following:

3 loops of 33kV aerial network (around 65 Km total) will be installed to feed the main
consumers (Wells and facilities),

33kV Over Head Line (OHL) fuse on load switch for distribution to existing
consumers,

33kV OHL line Load Break Switch ( a minimum of 5 per loop complete with
protection, locally controlled and remotely monitored)

33kV OHL Line SF6 Insulated Circuit Breakers for the RMU In and Out of the OHL
Circuit (remotely Controlled and monitored)

Fiber optic cables (OPGW type) between Power Plant and along the overhead
transmission lines up to connecting points at CCU, BPU, CPU, Camp, and
clusters/wells Pads.

3. OBJECTIVE OF THIS DOCUMENT


The objective of this document describes OHL Conductor specification and Sizing complies
with IEC 61597 for the present Project includes a power distribution OHL network for East,
West & South Loop, the necessary studies and works to distribute the Power in to the
existing CCU, BPU, WTU, CAMP and CPU facilities and Wells pads (about 65 KM) from the
KHARIR Power Plant.

This document is being presented as Revision 1 after incorporating TEPY comments and
corresponding Deliverable number OL2-1.

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4. KEY ASSUMPTIONS and INPUT DATA

Main Hypotheses

Reference Document: 9161H 273 CN 1621 02 1

Site Meteorological Data

Ambient temperature 45C / 0C


Altitude Between 900 and 1000m, average 990m
Relative Humidity 93% maximum-10% minimum
Wind speed 44,7 m/s
Wind speed sizing ASCE-7
Seismic level UBC Zone2B
Recorder rainfall 10 cm (max per 12 hours)

Hardware end of useful Life: 15 years

SPECIFICATIONS:

GS EP ELE 001: Electrical design criteria

9161H- 273 JSD 1600- 01 Electrical Design Basis for Kharir Power Plant

9161H-273-JSS-1654-11-0 Specification for 33KV OHL Package

CODES and STANDARDS

The following recommendations are used for different parameters:

IEEE STD 738 : Standard for calculation of bare overhead line conductor
temperature and Ampacity under steady state conditions.

IEC 61597 : Overhead electrical conductors calculation methods for


stranded bare conductors.

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CONDUCTOR CHARATERISTICS:

Conductor characteristics shall be followed as per the Standard of the IEC 61089, IEC 60104, IEC 60889,
etc.

SIZING CRITERIA

The sizing of the core conductor load capacity transmission is based on the below principles:

- TEPY required active powers in South, West and East Loop: 20; 20; 27 MW.
- Current flow in the conductor - continuously while maintaining a steady maximum permissible
temperature over its surface.
- Short circuit Current: 20 KA, for the Duration of 1 seconds

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SIZING STUDY OF THE CONDUCTOR

TYPE OF CABLE AND SPECIFIC PROPERTIES:

- Cable type: Aluminum alloy (Almlec) (1) ;

- Constitution : Cable section of stranded conductors (19 or 37) with the same diameter

- Outer diameter,

- Resistance for 50 Hz AC frequency, at 20 C

- Conductor Surface state

CLIMATE CONDITIONS

- Wind speed : laminar or turbulent in function of season : 0,44 m/s

- Ambient temperature : 45 C

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NETWORK CONSTANTS FOR SECTION SIZING CALCULATIONS:

- Nominal Voltage 33KV,


- Tension maximum network voltage dans le rseau 36KV,
- Voltage drop = max 10%,
- Simultaneous factor of loads: 1 ,
- Load installed balance status on East, West & South loop.
- Ref ELE-CAL-OHL- YE-YKR-PP-CEG-005 REV 1, last update, adapted after the topographic Survey,
- Global and partial distances between the loads adapted after topographic Survey,
- Load distribution following the East, West & South loop phasing
- Realized calculation with the hypothesis that in steady mode under 33 kV, the full feed of all the loads
is guaranteed from one outgoing bay of the final power plant

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5. SPECIFICATION & CHARACTERISTICS OF ALMELEC


CONDUCTOR

ALUMINIUM ALLOY CABLES (ALMLEC):

Almlec is an aluminium ally containing 0.7% of magnesium and 0.6% of silicon developed
specially by French manufacturers for use in electrical conductors for overhead power lines.

The conducting cable in Almlec experienced a significant development and is used for a long time by
many countries. In France, the use of the Almlec conductors is generalized on all networks EDF since the
Fifties.

In Morocco, Almlec is generalized since the Seventies on all the network of the National office of
Electricity.

The advantages of the Almlec conductors on normal over head lines equipped with conventional
supports are:

6. Homogeneous Cables: Sleeves of simple design can be used in cable jointing.


7. Allows great ranges (Supports fewer of the fact that the nominal minimum failure load of the cables
makes it possible to adopt parameters of distribution higher than those of the others of the same
cables category containing aluminium)

8. Lighter: The weight reduction of 30 to 35% as compared to steel-cored aluminium means that drums
are easier to handle.

9. More important Breaking loads: support better the mechanical overloads and the variations thermics
(Variations of the intensities according to the powers called in the network as well as the variations of
the temperatures of the site)

10. Breaking strength is higher than that of aluminium

11. Electric conductibility appreciably equal to that of aluminium.

12. An economy in the assembly

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13. Less sensitive to the shocks thanks to the surface hardness of its characteristics (double that of
aluminium)

14. Better tensile strength, slip and with compression in the machines and the tools of unwinding

Almelec Conductor Data sheet

Section 366 mm Section 288 mm

Loops East Loop All West and South Loops

Code Aster 366 Aster 288

Section (mm2) 366,22 288,34

External Diameter (mm) 24,85 22,05

Numbers and diameter of bits 37x3, 55 mm 37x3, 15 mm

Linear density, external layer


1031 812
not lubricated (Kg/Km)

Nominal breaking load (daN) 11785 9280

Modulus of elasticity (hbar) 5700 5700

Dilation coefficient 23 10-6 23 10-6

Electric resistance to 20 C ( /Km) 0,0905 0,115


The interior layers of the cable are lubricated with neutral and chemically stable grease.
Standards of reference: Specifications, manufacture, procedures type-approval and delivery:
- CEI 61.089: Drivers for air lines with circular bits, cables in concentric layers.
- CEI 60.104: Aluminium alloy wire magnesium silicon for drivers of air lines.
- NF C34 125: Drivers out of aluminium alloy and aluminium steel alloy for lines electric air.
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CONDUCTOR SIZING CALCULATIONS

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1. BASIS OF OHL CONDUCTOR SIZING

1.1 GENERAL

The current carrying capacity (Ampacity) of a bare, overhead transmission line conductor is that current
(amps) which may flow in it continuously while maintaining as teady maximum permissible temperature
over its surface. The maximum permissible temperature is that which does not permanently and adversely
affect the physical properties of the conductor material.

The current carrying capacity of a conductor is based on the concept that under a state of thermal
equilibrium, the total heat gained by the conductor due to energy loss (PR) within itself and by solar and
sky radiation equals the total heat lost by the conductor by conduction to the metallic supporting it, by
convection to the air surrounding it and by radiation to its surrounding objects.

1.2 SIZING CRITERIA

The OHL conductor sizing shall be carried out based on the following criteria. Current carrying capacity
(Ampacity) of a bare, overhead transmission line conductor to cater the 24MW loads. The current capacity
is that current (amps) which may flow in it-continuously while maintaining a steady maximum permissible
temperature over its surface.
Short-circuit carrying capacity (kA) of a bare, overhead transmission line conductor to withstand minimum
20kA for the duration of 1 second. Short circuit current capacity is that current which may flow during short-
circuit in the conductor while maintaining the maximum permissible temperature over its surface.

1.3 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE STEADY STATE

1.3.1 Conductor Material its physical properties

o Material: - - Copper, Aluminium Steel and their alloys


o Construction: - - Monometal, Composite
o Size: - - Overall diameter
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o Resistance - - DC and AC resistance at supply frequency and


Conductor temperature.

o Surface condition: - Ability to absorb and emit heat

1.3.2 Geographical

o Location - - Altitude of line above sea level. Absolute Viscosity, density and
thermal conductivity of air.

o Position: - - Altitude of Sun.

1.3.3 Meteorological

o Wind Speed: - - Laminar or Season of Year. turbulent flow.

o Ambient temperature: - Time of Day

Except the conductor material, construction and its diameter which could, perhaps be known to a fair
degree of accuracy, none of the other factors are constant of any given point of time and cannot be
assessed accurately. A transmission line does not run at the same altitude nor in same direction throughout
its length of several kilometers (often in hundreds) nor the ambient temperature and wind speed could be
expected to be same throughout its length. The speed of wind and its turbulence as also the ambient
temperature are constantly changing parameters in any given period of time of day or season of a year. So
also is the extent of radiation from Sun and Sky. On these counts, the Ampacity of a conductor is not a
constant figure but varies according to the prevailing conditions of weather, season and time of day.
Ampacity is therefore calculated for certain assumed steady state conditions on an average basis for on
assumed maximum conductor temperature as a guide for safe loading of the conductor without affecting its
physical properties.

Several researchers have formulated theories and formulas, which differ from each other, though the basic
concept is the same. Many of these formulae are more of academic interest than of practical applications.
The effect of Sky radiation. Altitude, position of Sun, orientation of line etc. affect the Ampacity only
marginally and many utilities neglect them for Ampacity calculations.

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1.4 SYMBOLS

I - Conductor current, amps at 50 Hz

D - Conductor outer diameter, meters

d - Conductor inner diameter, meters

A' - Projected area of conductor per meter length, Sq. m.

a - Coefficient of Solar absorption of conductor

e - Coefficient of Emissivity of conductor

Alpha - Constant mass temperature coefficient of resistance of

Conductor per deg C

Rdc / 2 0 - D.C. resistance of conductor at 20 deg C., ohm/km

Rdc / tc - D.C. resistance of conductor at temperature tc Deg. ohm /km

Rac / tc - a.c. resistance of conductor at 50 Hz and temperature tc deg C

Ohm / km

tc - Average conductor temperature, deg C

ta - Average ambient temperature, deg C

Kc - Average conductor temperature, Kelvin = tc + 273

Ka - Average ambient temperature, Kelvin = ta + 273

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Tf - Average air film temperature = (tc + ta) / 2

V - Average velocity of wind, meters I hour

Pf - Density of air at temp. tf, kg/cu. Mtr

Mf - Absolute viscosity of air at temp. tf, Kgf / hr. (m)

Kf - Thermal conductivity of air at temp tf watts/m (O C)

s - Stefan-Baltzman constant = 5.678 x 10-8 watts/ Sq. m.

q - Effective angle of incidence of sun's rays on conductor surface,

degrees

S - Intensity of solar radiation on conductor surface, watts/sq. m.

S1 - Sky radiated heat on conductor surface, watts/sq. m.

qs - Heat gained by conductor by solar radiation per linear meter,

watts1Mtr.

qc - Heat lost by conductor by convection per linear meter, watts/m.

qr - Heat lost by conductor by radiation per linear meter, watts/m.

1.5 FORMULAE USED FOR CALCULATION OF CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY

1.5.1 Fundamental Heat balance equation

l2 (Rac) = qc + qr qs

1.5.2 Heat gained by conductor due to solar radiation

qs = a (S Sin q+ S1) D Watts/m

Heat gained by sky radiation (S1) is negligible and hence neglected. For worst
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Condition Sin q= 1. Therefore

qs = aSD watts/m. where, a= 0.23 to 0.91

1.5.3 Heat lost by conductor by radiation

qr = s x e x pie x D ( Kc4-Kc4) watts/m.

e = co-efficient of emissivity, 0.23 to 0.91

1.5.4 Heat lost by conductor by convection

1.5.4.1 Forced convection loss

qc1 = { 1.00531 + 1.35088 (D x pf x V/mf) 0.52) kt (tc - ta) watts/m

qc2 = (0.75398 (D x pf x Vlmf) 0.6) kf (tc - ta) watts/m

Whichever is higher of the above two equations is to be Considered. The values of

Pf, mf and kf at air film temperature, tf are taken from Table-I of IEEE-738.

1.5.5 A.C. resistance of conductor

1.5.5.1 Composite (Rdd20) Conductors (ACSR, and AACSR) and Monometal conductor (AAC

and AAAC)

(Rdc/fc) = {I +alpha (tc - 20)) ohm /km where.

Alpha = 0.004 for Aluminium (Ec grade) and ACSR

= 0.0036 for AAAC and AACSR.

(Rac/tc) = skin factor (=I .05) X (Rdc/tc)

1.5.6 Current carrying capacity of conductor

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I = Sqrt {(qc + qr qs) / (Rac / tc) x 10 3}

1.6 FORMULAE USED FOR CALCULATION OF SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT

WITHSTAND CAPACITY

The rated short-time withstand current density Sthr in A / m2 is given by following


Formulae given in IEC 60865 (Short Circuit Currents-Effects of Short Circuit)

Sth = K
Tkr
& lt =CSA* W (1000*1000)/1000 (when I is in kA)
Where:
CSA is conductor cross section area in sq. mm
Sthr = Rated Short-time Withstand Current Density (RMS) for 1 second. &
Tkr = Rated Short-time
K is based on following formula in IEC

2. CONCLUSIONS
AAAC type "ASTER 366" conductor having cross section 0.2485 Sq.mm and AAAC type "ASTER 288
having cross section 0.2205 Sq.mm shall be considered for this project.

3. APPENDICES

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Appendix-1 : Current carrying capacity of "ASTER 366"and ASTER 288 conductor as per IEEE 738-2006
Appendix-2: Current carrying capacity of "ASTER 366" and ASTER 288conductor as per IEC 61597.

APPENDIX-1
CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF ASTER 366 and ASTER 288
CONDUCTOR AS PER IEEE 738-2006

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IEEE Std. 738-2006 method of calculation

Air temperature is 50.00 (deg C)


Wind speed is 0.60 (m/s)
Angle between Wind and Conductor is 90 (deg)
Conductor elevation above sea level is 930 (m)
Conductor bearing is 90 (deg) (user specified bearing, may not be value producing maximum solar heating)
Sun time is 11 hours (solar altitude is 75 deg. and solar azimuth is 112 deg.)
Conductor latitude is 30.0 (deg)
Atmosphere is CLEAR
Day of year is 172 (corresponds to June 21 in year 2009) (day of the year with most solar heating)

Conductor description: Aster 366


Conductor diameter is 2.485 (cm)
Conductor resistance is 0.0905 (Ohm/km) at 20.0 (deg C) and
0.1133 (Ohm/km) at 90.0 (deg C)
Emissivity is 0.5 and solar absorptivity is 0.5

Solar heat input is 13.607 (Watt/m) (corresponds to Global Solar Radiation of 1095.137 (Watt/m^2) -
which was calculated)
Radiation cooling is 14.348 (Watt/m)
Convective cooling is 48.134 (Watt/m)

Given a maximum conductor temperature of 90.0 (deg C),


The steady-state thermal rating is 656.8 amperes

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CIGRE Brochure 207 method of calculation

Air temperature is 50.00 (deg C)


Wind speed is 0.60 (m/s)
Angle between Wind and conductor is 90 (deg)
Conductor elevation above sea level is 930 (m)
Conductor bearing is 90 (deg) (user specified bearing, may not be value producing maximum solar heating)
Sun time is 11 hours (solar altitude is 75 deg. and solar azimuth is -68 deg.)
Conductor latitude is 30.0 (deg)
Atmosphere is CLEAR
Day of year is 172 (corresponds to June 21 in year 2009) (day of the year with most solar heating)

Conductor description: Aster 366


Conductor diameter is 2.485 (cm)
Conductor resistance is 0.0905 (Ohm/km) at 20.0 (deg C) and
0.1133 (Ohm/km) at 90.0 (deg C)
Emissivity is 0.5 and solar absorptivity is 0.5

Solar heat input is 18.421 (Watt/m) (corresponds to Global Solar Radiation of 1482.572 (Watt/m^2) -
which was calculated)
Radiation cooling is 14.338 (Watt/m)
Convective cooling is 55.697 (Watt/m)

Given a maximum conductor temperature of 90.0 (deg C),


The steady-state thermal rating is 674.9 amperes

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IEEE Std. 738-2006 method of calculation

Air temperature is 50.00 (deg C)


Wind speed is 0.60 (m/s)
Angle between Wind and conductor is 90 (deg)
Conductor elevation above sea level is 930 (m)
Conductor bearing is 90 (deg) (user specified bearing, may not be value producing maximum solar heating)
Sun time is 11 hours (solar altitude is 75 deg. and solar azimuth is 112 deg.)
Conductor latitude is 30.0 (deg)
Atmosphere is CLEAR
Day of year is 172 (corresponds to June 21 in year 2009) (day of the year with most solar heating)

Conductor description: Aster 288


Conductor diameter is 2.205 (cm)
Conductor resistance is 0.1150 (Ohm/km) at 20.0 (deg C)and
0.1440 (Ohm/km) at 90.0 (deg C)
Emissivity is 0.5 and solar absorptivity is 0.5

Solar heat input is 12.074 (Watt/m) (corresponds to Global Solar Radiation of 1095.137 (Watt/m^2) -
which was calculated)
Radiation cooling is 12.732 (Watt/m)
Convective cooling is 45.305 (Watt/m)

Given a maximum conductor temperature of 90.0 (deg C),


The steady-state thermal rating is 565.0 amperes

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CIGRE Brochure 207 method of calculation

Air temperature is 50.00 (deg C)


Wind speed is 0.60 (m/s)
Angle between Wind and conductor is 90 (deg)
Conductor elevation above sea level is 930 (m)
Conductor bearing is 90 (deg) (user specified bearing, may not be value producing maximum solar heating)
Sun time is 11 hours (solar altitude is 75 deg. and solar azimuth is -68 deg.)
Conductor latitude is 30.0 (deg)
Atmosphere is CLEAR
Day of year is 172 (corresponds to June 21 in year 2009) (day of the year with most solar heating)

Conductor description: Aster 288


Conductor diameter is 2.205 (cm)
Conductor resistance is 0.1150 (Ohm/km) at 20.0 (deg C) and
0.1440 (Ohm/km) at 90.0 (deg C)
Emissivity is 0.5 and solar absorptivity is 0.5

Solar heat input is 16.345 (Watt/m) (corresponds to Global Solar Radiation of 1482.572 (Watt/m^2) -
which was calculated)
Radiation cooling is 12.722 (Watt/m)
Convective cooling is 52.648 (Watt/m)

Given a maximum conductor temperature of 90.0 (deg C),


The steady-state thermal rating is 583.5 amperes

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APPENDIX-2
CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF ASTER 366 and ASTER 288
CONDUCTOR AS PER IEC 61597

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Current Carrying Capacity Calculation

Aster 366

The calculation is based on IEC 61597 technical report


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Conductor data:
International designation AAAC
Code Name Aster 366
Outside diameter 24.85 mm
Maximum (final equilibrium) temperature 90 deg C
Maximum DC resistance at 20C 0.0905 Ohm/km

Ambient conditions data:


Emissivity coefficient in respect to black body 0.5
Ambient temperature 50 deg C
Wind speed 0.6 m/s
Solar absorption coefficient 0.5
Intensity of solar radiation 900 W/m

OHL data:
Voltage 33 kV
Number of circuits 1
Number of conductors in bundle 1

Calculation:

Current carrying capacity = 688 A


Overhead line rating = 1 x 1 x 39 = 39 MVA
---------------------------------------------------------

Aster 288

OHTL Design Version 1.30

The calculation is based on IEC 61597 technical report

Document Reference.
ELE SPE OHL YE-YKR-PP- CEG-001 Rev 1 Date : 18 Apr 2010

Pages 24 Of 25
TOTAL E&P YEMEN
KHARIR POWERPLANT PROJECT

CEGELEC Ref : A65-9148-LS1 Date: 18 Apr 2010


TOTAL REF : KHARIR OHL Rev : 1

Conductor data:
International designation AAAC
Code Name Aster 288
Outside diameter 22.05 mm
Maximum (final equilibrium) temperature 90 deg C
Maximum DC resistance at 20C 0.115 Ohm/km

Ambient conditions data:


Emissivity coefficient in respect to black body 0.5
Ambient temperature 50 deg C
Wind speed 0.6 m/s
Solar absorption coefficient 0.5
Intensity of solar radiation 900 W/m

OHL data:
Voltage 33 kV
Number of circuits 1
Number of conductors in bundle 1

Calculation:

Current carrying Capacity = 590 A


Overhead line rating = 1 x 1 x 34 = 34 MVA
---------------------------------------------------------

Document Reference.
ELE SPE OHL YE-YKR-PP- CEG-001 Rev 1 Date : 18 Apr 2010

Pages 25 Of 25

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