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The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: 25 Years Ago Today - The Atlantic Page 1 of 28
The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill:

25 Years Ago Today
ALAN TAYLOR | MAR 24, 2014 | 39 PHOTOS | IN FOCUS
On March 24, 1989, the oil tanker Exxon Valdez had just
entered Alaska's Prince William Sound, after departing
the Valdez Marine Terminal full of crude oil. At 12:04
am, the ship struck a reef, tearing open the hull and
releasing 11 million gallons of oil into the environment.
Initial responses by Exxon and the Alyeska Pipeline
Company were insufficient to contain much of the spill,
and a storm blew in soon after, spreading the oil widely.
Eventually, more than 1,000 miles of coastline were
fouled, and hundreds of thousands of animals perished.
Exxon ended up paying billions in cleanup costs and fines,
and remains tied up in court cases to this day. The
captain, Joseph Hazelwood, was acquitted of being
intoxicated while at the helm, but convicted on a
misdemeanor charge of negligent discharge of oil, fined
$50,000, and sentenced to 1,000 hours of community
service. Though the oil has mostly disappeared from view,
many Alaskan beaches remain polluted to this day, crude
oil buried just inches below the surface.
https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2014/03/the-exxon-valdez-oil-spill-25-years-ago-to 2/12/2017
1. The damaged oil tanker Exxon Valdez, towed out of

Alaska's Prince William Sound by a tugboat and a U.S.
Coast Guard Cutter, on June 23, 1989. On March 24,
1989, the tanker ran hard aground on Bligh Reef,
spilling 11 million gallons of crude oil into the sound --
at the time, the largest oil spill disaster in U.S. history.
#
AP Photo/Al Grillo
2. The Exxon Baton Rouge (smaller ship on left)

attempts to offload crude oil from the Exxon Valdez
after the Valdez ran aground in Prince William sound
near Valdez, Alaska, on March 26, 1989. #
AP Photo
3. Thick crude oil washed up on the cobble beach of

Evans Island sticks to the boots and pants of a local
fisherman in Prince William Sound, on April 11, 1989. #
AP Photo/John Gaps III
4. Left: Cordova fisherman Tim Tirrell puts a dead sea

otter into his boat after finding the oily animal on the
beach of Johnson Bay in Prince William Sound, on April
14, 1989. Right: A pod of sea lions swim through a slick
of crude oil off the shore of Ingot Island, Alaska, on
April 14, 1989, three weeks after the spill. #
5. High winds on Prince William Sound push crude oil

up into an inlet on Squire Island on April 10, 1989. #
6. A cleanup worker walks through the oily surf at

Naked Island on Prince Williams Sound on April 2, 1989,
as early beach cleanup efforts take place in the
background, a week after the spill. #
Chris Wilkins/AFP/Getty Images
7. Oily rocks glisten in the sun on Green lsland in Prince

William Sound. This section of beach, earlier signed off
as being environmentally stable by both Exxon and the
Coast Guard, was re-oiled on July 4, 1989. #
Alaska Resources Library and Information Services
8. Crews clean up an oil soaked beach on Naked Island

on April 2, 1989. #
Reuters/Mike Blake
9. An oil skimming operation works in a heavy oil slick

near Latouche Island on April 1, 1989. #
10. A Red Necked Grebe, covered in oil, found on

Knights Island, about 35 miles from the spill, on March
30, 1989. The bird was taken to the bird cleanup center
in Valdez by photographers. #
AP Photo
11. Many seabirds, such as cormorants and murres,

were killed by the spilled oil. #
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council
12. One baby and five adult oil-soaked sea otters lie
dead on Green Island beach on April 3, 1989. #
13. Spilled oil from the grounded Exxon Valdez spreads

into Prince William Sound. #
14. A DC-6 plane sprays chemical dispersants on the oil

spilled from the tanker Exxon Valdez on March 27,
1989. #
AP Photo/Bob Stapleton
15. An oil slick swirls over Prince William Sound,

Alaska, on April 2, 1989, about 50 miles from where the
tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground. #
AP Photo/Rob Stapleton
16. A clean-up worker rakes through crude oil,

contained by floating booms off the waters of Prince
William Sound on April 16, 1989. The oil, contained here
in Snug Harbor off Knight Island, was later sucked off

the water by a U.S. Coast Guard skimmer. #
17. Sea lions swim in the southern bay of Naked Island

as the crippled oil tanker Exxon Valdez sits at anchor in
Prince William Sound on April 12, 1989. #
18. On his hands and knees, a member of the cleanup

crew scrubs oil soaked rocks on Naked Island on April
2 1989. #
Reuters/Mike Blake
19. An oil soaked sea bird rests in a towel in the animal

rescue center on March 31, 1989. #
Reuters/Mike Blake
20. A cleanup worker uses high pressure, high

temperature water to wash crude oil off the rocky shore
of Block Island on April 17, 1989. #
21. U.S. Navy LCM's (Landing Craft Mechanized)

anchored off Smith Island, Alaska, on May 11, 1989
provide steam to enhance clean up following the oil
spill. #
AP Photo/Michael Poche
22. Beach workers coordinated with offshore workers

to contain and remove oil from beaches. #
23. Hot water from high-pressure hoses was originally

used to clean beaches, but workers switched to cold
water after discovering that hot water was killing
shoreline organisms. #
24. Aerial view of a maxi-barge and spill workers hosing

a beach, oil sheen trapped in containment boom, on
LaTouche lsland, on September 11, 1989. #
25. Crews use high-pressure hoses to blast the rocks

on this beach front on Naked Island on April 21, 1989. #
26. An assembly of some of the animals killed by the

oil, including seabirds and a sea otter. #
27. An oil covered bird is examined on an island in

Prince William Sound in April of 1989. #
AP Photo/Jack Smith
28. Aerial photo of a berthing vessel, a "floating hotel"

that housed oil spill workers, on Prince William Sound,
in July of 1989. #
29. Support vessels for the spill cleanup anchored in

Prince William Sound, in July of 1989. #
30. Thousands flocked to Valdez, Alaska, to earn

money in the massive cleanup effort, creating a
temporary boomtown, and attracting those who wished
to supply, house, and feed the newcomers. Photo taken
on June 6, 1989. #
AP Photo/Jack Smith
31. Joseph J. Hazelwood, left, captain of Exxon Valdez

and Gregory Cousins, at right rear, the ship's third mate,
who was at the helm of the tanker when it ran aground,
leave Coast Guard offices in Valdez, March 28, 1989
with an unidentified Exxon official. The men met with
officials of the National Transportation Safety Board,
who were investigating the grounding of the tanker and
the subsequent oil spill. #
32. The Exxon Valdez aground on Bligh Reef on March

25, 1989. #
AP Photo/Stapleton
33. A rescued sea otter is restrained and washed by

workers at a local animal facility after five of the oil
covered mammals were captured in the fouled waters
of Prince William Sound on April 18, 1989. #
34. Cleanup continues as workers blast rocks and wash

shorelines soaked in crude oil from the leaking tanker
Exxon Valdez on March 28, 1989. #
U.S. Coast Guard
35. Ray Bane, superintendent of the Katmai National

Park, digs into a thick pool of oil on the park's shoreline
on the Alaska Peninsula, on May 3, 1989. Oil from the
Exxon Valdez had moved hundreds of miles from
Prince William Sound. #
AP Photo/John Quinley
36. Dennis Kelso, Commissioner of the Alaska

Department of Environmental Conservation, walks with
members of the Oil Spill Task Force during a tour of the
Dayville Incineration Site in Valdez, surrounded by piles
of oily waste waiting to be burned, on July 4, 1989. #
37. The damaged Exxon Valdez, escorted by tugs from

Prince William Sound. #
U.S. Coast Guard
38. An oil covered sea otter waits in his cage outside an

animal rescue center on April 1, 1989. #
Reuters/Mike Blake
39. Decades later, on May 5, 2010, oil is shown seeping

into a hole dug on a beach on Eleanor Island, Alaska. #
Reuters/Lindsay Claiborn
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The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill: 25 Years Ago Today - The Atlantic Page 1 of 28

The Exxon Valdez Oil Spill:

1. The damaged oil tanker Exxon Valdez, towed out of

2. The Exxon Baton Rouge (smaller ship on left)

3. Thick crude oil washed up on the cobble beach of

AP Photo/John Gaps III

4. Left: Cordova fisherman Tim Tirrell puts a dead sea

AP Photo/John Gaps III

5. High winds on Prince William Sound push crude oil

AP Photo/John Gaps III

6. A cleanup worker walks through the oily surf at

Chris Wilkins/AFP/Getty Images

7. Oily rocks glisten in the sun on Green lsland in Prince

Alaska Resources Library and Information Services

8. Crews clean up an oil soaked beach on Naked Island

9. An oil skimming operation works in a heavy oil slick

Chris Wilkins/AFP/Getty Images

10. A Red Necked Grebe, covered in oil, found on

11. Many seabirds, such as cormorants and murres,

Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council

Chris Wilkins/AFP/Getty Images

13. Spilled oil from the grounded Exxon Valdez spreads

Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council

14. A DC-6 plane sprays chemical dispersants on the oil

15. An oil slick swirls over Prince William Sound,

16. A clean-up worker rakes through crude oil,

in Snug Harbor off Knight Island, was later sucked off

AP Photo/John Gaps III

17. Sea lions swim in the southern bay of Naked Island

AP Photo/John Gaps III

18. On his hands and knees, a member of the cleanup

19. An oil soaked sea bird rests in a towel in the animal

20. A cleanup worker uses high pressure, high

AP Photo/John Gaps III

21. U.S. Navy LCM's (Landing Craft Mechanized)

22. Beach workers coordinated with offshore workers

Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council

23. Hot water from high-pressure hoses was originally

Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council

24. Aerial view of a maxi-barge and spill workers hosing

Alaska Resources Library and Information Services

25. Crews use high-pressure hoses to blast the rocks

26. An assembly of some of the animals killed by the

Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council

27. An oil covered bird is examined on an island in

28. Aerial photo of a berthing vessel, a "floating hotel"

Alaska Resources Library and Information Services

29. Support vessels for the spill cleanup anchored in

Alaska Resources Library and Information Services

30. Thousands flocked to Valdez, Alaska, to earn

31. Joseph J. Hazelwood, left, captain of Exxon Valdez

32. The Exxon Valdez aground on Bligh Reef on March

33. A rescued sea otter is restrained and washed by

AP Photo/John Gaps III

34. Cleanup continues as workers blast rocks and wash

U.S. Coast Guard

35. Ray Bane, superintendent of the Katmai National

36. Dennis Kelso, Commissioner of the Alaska

Alaska Resources Library and Information Services

37. The damaged Exxon Valdez, escorted by tugs from

U.S. Coast Guard

38. An oil covered sea otter waits in his cage outside an

39. Decades later, on May 5, 2010, oil is shown seeping

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