MODULE 3

1 Qy u
2 l hek
3 lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk
4 vodyu ds vuq;ksx
5 , dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B
 v /; k;

Qyu
CONTENTS
1 Qy u 1
2 v H; kl 8
3 mkj 14
 Qy u
;fn A o B nks vfjDr leqPp; gks rFkk leqPp; A dk R;sd vo;o leqPp; B ds vf}rh; vo;o ls lEcfU/kr gks] rks Qyu f, leqPp; A ls
leqPp; B esa dgykrk gS rFkk bls f : A B ls nf'kZr djrs gSaA
okLrfod la[;k;sa os la[;k;sa] tks ;k rks ifjes; gSa ;k vifjes;] okLrfod la[;k,a dgykrh gSaA okLrfod la[;kvksa dk oxZ lnSo
:
v_.kkRed (Non-negative) gksrk gSA okLrfod la[;kvksa ds leqPp; dks R ls nf'kZr djrs gSaA
lEcfU/kr jkf'k;k (Related quantities) : tc nks jkf'k;k bl dkj gks fd ,d jkf'k esa ifjorZu djus ij nwljh jkf'k esa ifjorZu gks tkrk
gS vFkkZr~ ;fn ,d jkf'k dk eku nwljs ij fuHkZj djrk gks] rc os jkf'k;k lEcfU/kr jkf'k;k dgykrh gSA
pj (variable) : ,d ,slh jkf'k tks fdlh leL;k dh xf.krh; laf;kvksa esa fHkUu fHkUu la[;kRed ekuksa dks xzg.k dj ldsa vFkkZr~ ftl jkf'k dks
R;sd la[;kRed eku fn;k tk lds] pj jkf'k ;k pj dgykrh gSA
vpj (Constant) : ,d ,slh jkf'k ftldk eku lHkh xf.krh; laf;kvksa esa vifjofrZr jgs] vpj jkf'k ;k vpj dgykrh gSA ;s lkekU;r% a, b,
c bR;kfn ls nf'kZr fd;s tkrs gSaA vpj nks dkj ds gksrs gSaA
fujis{k eku (Absolute value) : fdlh la[;k x dk fujis{k eku |x| og la[;k gS] tks fuEu frcU/kksa dks lUrq"V djrk gSA
x , ;fn x 0

|x| 0 , ;fn x 0 . |x| dks fuEu dkj Hkh ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gS % |x|= vf/kdre {x, x} ;k |x|= x2
x , ;fn x 0

fHkUUkkRed Hkkx : ge tkurs gS fd x [x]. la[;k x rFkk mlds egRre iw.kkZad eku [x] ds vUrj dks fHkUukRed Hkkx dgrs gSa rFkk bls
{x} ls nf'kZr djrs gSA vFkkZr~ {x} x [x]
vUrjky
foo`r vUrjky ekuk a o b nks okLrfod la[;k;sa bl dkj gSa fd a < b, rks la[;kvksa a o b ds
(Open interval) :
a<x<b
e/; lHkh okLrfod la[;kvksa ds ekuksa ds leqPp; (a, b) ;k ]a, b[ ls nf'kZr djrs gSa rFkk bls a o b ds e/; [kqyk ( )
vUrjky dgrs gSA a b
[kqyk vUrjky
vr% ]a, b[ ;k (a, b) = {x R: a x b}
lao`r vUrjky ekuk a o b nks okLrfod la[;k;sa bl dkj gS fd a< b rFkk ,d pj x dk
(Closed interval) : axb
eku a o b ds e/; gks rFkk bldk eku a o b ds cjkcj Hkh gks ldrk gS rks a o b lfgr] a o bds e/; x ds lHkh [ ]
a b
okLrfod ekuksa ds leqPp; dks x dk cUn vUrjky dgrs gS rFkk bls [a, b] ls nf'kZr djrs gSaA vr%, [a, b] = can vUrjky
{x R : a x b}
[kqyk cUn vUrjky (Open-Closed interval) : bls ]a, b] ;k (a, b] ls nf'kZr djrs gSaA vr% ]a, b] ;k (a, b] = a<xb
( ]
{x R : a x b} a b
[kqyk cUn varjky
cUn [kqyk vUrjky (Closed-Open interval) : bls [a, b[ ;k [a, b)ls nf'kZr djrs [
ax<b
)
gSaA vr% [a, b[ ;k [a, b) = {x R : a x b} a b
cUn [kqyk varjky

Qyu dks frfp=.k (Mapping) dh vk/kkjHkwr ladYiuk ls ljyrk ls ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ekuk X o Y nks vfjDr leqPp; gSaA
leqPp; X ls leqPp; Y esa Qyu f ,d ,slk fu;e gS ftlds }kjk leqPp; X dk R;sd vo;o leqPp; Y ds vf}rh; (dsoy ,d vkSj
dsoy ,d) vo;o ls lEcfU/kr gksA xf.krh; :i esa Qyu f dks f : X Y ls nf'kZr djrs gS tcfd y f(x),x X rFkk y Y. ge dg
ldrs gSa fd y, x dk frfcEc gS (;k x, y dk iwoZ frfcEc gS)A
Qyuksa dh la[;k : ekuk X o Y nks ifjfer leqPp; ftuesa e'k% m o n vo;o gSaA rc leqPp; X dk R;sd vo;o leqPp; Y ds n
vo;oksa esa ls fdlh ,d vo;o ls lEcfU/kr gks ldrk gSA vr%] leqPp; X ls leqPp; Y esa dqy Qyuksa dh la[;k nm gksxhA

Qyu 1
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Qyu dk kUr] lgkUr rFkk ifjlj

;fn ,d Qyu leqPp; A ls leqPp; B esa ifjHkkf"kr gS rc Qyu f : A B ds fy,] leqPp; A ds lHkh vo;o Qyu f dk kUr
(domain) dgykrs gSa rFkk leqPp; B ds lHkh vo;o Qyu f dk lgkUr (co-domain) dgykrs gSA leqPp; B ds mu vo;oksa dk leqPp;
tks fd leqPp; A ds vo;oksa ds f frfcEc gSa] Qyu f dk ifjlj (range) dgykrk gSA
nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ge dg ldrs gSa kUr (domain) = x ds lHkh lEHkkfor eku ftuds fy, f(x) dk vfLrRo gS
ifjlj (range)= x ds lHkh ekuksa ds fy,] f(x) ds lHkh lEHkkfor eku
A B
a f p
kUr = {a, b, c, d} = A
ifjlj
b q lgkUr = {p, q, r, s} = B
c r ifjlj = {p, q, r}
d s
kUr lgkUr

kUr (domain) Kkr djus dh fof/k

(a) oxZewy] ?kuewy rFkk dj.khxr fpUgksa ds vUnj fy[ksa O;atd dk eku 0 j[krs gSa] gj esa fy[ksa in dk eku 'kwU; ugha gksuk pkfg,A
(b) ;fn Qyu y f(x) o y g(x) ds kUr (domain) e'k% D1 o D2 gks rks Qyu f(x) g(x) ;k f(x).g(x) dk Mksesu D1 D2
f(x)
gksxkA tcfd dk kUr (domain) D1 D2 {g(x) 0} gksxkA
g(x)
(c) Qyu ( f(x)) dk kUr (domain) D1 {x : f(x) 0}
ifjlj Kkr djus dh fof/k : Qyu y f(x) dk ifjlj] Mksesu x ds lHkh okLrfod ekuksa ds laxr f(x) ds lHkh ekuksa dk leqPp; gSA
(a) ;fn Mksesu esa vo;oksa dh la[;k fuf'pr gS] rks bu vo;oksa ds laxr f(x) ds ekuksa dk leqPp; ifjlj (range) dgykrk gS
(b) ;fn Mksesu lHkh okLrfod la[;kvksa dk leqPp; ;k dqN fuf'pr ekuksa ds vfrfjDr okLrfod la[;kvksa dk leqPp; gS] rc x dks y ds
inksa esa O;Dr djrs gSaA x ds lHkh ifjHkf"kr ekuksa ds fy,] y ds ekuksa dk leqPp;] Qyu dk ifjlj (range) dgykrk gS (vFkkZr y ds
og leLr eku ftuds fy, x dk vfLrRo gS)A
(c) ;fn Qyu dk Mksesu] ,d fuf'pr vUrjky gS] rks bl vUrjky esa Qyu ds U;wure o vf/kdre eku Qyu dk ifjlj (range) gksxsaA

Qyuksa dk chtxf.kr
Qyu dk vfn'k xq.kuQy% (c f)(x) c f(x), tgka c ,d vfn'k gS u;s Qyu c f(x) dk kUr (domain) X f gSA

Qyuksa dk ;ksx@vUrj% (f g)(x) f(x) g(x) u;s Qyu dk kUr (domain) X gksxkA
Qyuksa dk xq.kuQy% (fg)(x) (g f)(x) f(x)g(x) u;s Qyu dk kUr (domain) X gksxkA
Qyuksa dk HkkxQy %
f f(x)
(x) . nks Qyuksa ds HkkxQy ls kIr Qyu dk kUr (domain) x X( X f Xg) , tcfd {x : g(x) 0} ls ifjHkkf"kr fd;k
g
g(x)
tkrk gSA
g g(x)
(x) nks Qyuksa ds HkkxQy ls kIr Qyu dk kUr (domain) x X( Xg X f ) , tcfd {x : f(x) 0} ls ifjHkkf"kr fd;k
f f(x)
tkrk gSA
leku Qyu % nks Qyu f o g leku dgykrs gS] ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn
f dk kUr (domain) = g dk kUr (domain)
f dk lgkUr (codomain) = g dk lgkUr (co-domain)
f(x) g(x) x mudk mHk;fu"B kUr (domain)
okLrfod Qyu ;fn R, okLrfod la[;kvksa dk leqPp; gS rFkk A o B, R ds nks mileqPp; gSa rc Qyu f : A B ,d okLrfod ;k
:
okLrfod ekuh Qyu dgykrk gSA
Qyuksa ds dkj
,dSdh Qyu: ,d Qyu f : A B ,dSdh Qyu dgykrk gS] ;fn leqPp; A ds fHkUu fHkUu vo;oksa ds leqPp; B esa fHkUu fHkUu frfcEc
gksA vr% f : A B ,dSdh gSA

Qyu 2
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a b f(a) f(b) a, b A
f(a) f(b) a b a, b A .
Li"Vr% f : A B ,d ,dSdh Qyu gS fdUrq g : X Y ,dSdh Qyu ugh gS D;ksafd leqPp; X ds nks fofHkUu vo;o x1 o x 3 leqPp; Y
ds ,d gh vo;o y2 ls lEcfU/kr gSA
(i) Qyu ds ,dSdh gksus dk frcU/k
in I : Qyu f ds kUr (domain) esa nks LosPN vo;o x o y ysrs gSaA
in II : f(x) f(y) j[krs gSaA
in III : f(x) f(y) dks gy djrs gSaA ;fn f(x) f(y) dsoy ,d gy x = y nsrk gS] rks f : A B ,d ,dSdh Qyu gS vU;Fkk ughaA
;fn Qyu fer ;qXeksa ds :i esa fn;k gS rFkk ;fn nks fer ;qXeksa ds f}rh; vo;o leku ugha gS rks Qyu ,dSdh gksxkA
;fn Qyu y f(x) dk xzkQ fn;k gS rFkk x-v{k ds lekUrj R;sd js[kk fn;s x;s o dks vf/kdre ,d fcUnq ij dkVrh gS rc
Qyu ,dSdh gksxkA
(ii) ,dSdh Qyuksa dh la[;k : ;fn A o B nks ifjfer leqPp; ,sls gSa ftuesa e'k% m o n vo;o gSa] rc leqPp; A ls B esa cuus okys
n
Pm , ;fn n m
,dSdh Qyuksa dh la[;k =
0 , ;fn n m
cgq,dSdh Qyu : ,d Qyu f : A B cgq,dSdh dgykrk gS] ;fn leqPp; A ds nks ;k nks ls vf/kd vo;oksa dk leqPp; B esa ,d gh
frfcEc gksA
vr%] f : A B cgq,dSdh Qyu gS ;fn x,y A bl dkj gS fd x y ijUrq f(x) f(y).
nwljs 'kCnksa esa f : A B ,d cgq,dSdh Qyu gksxk ;fn ;g ,dSdh Qyu ugha gSA
A B X Y
f g
a1 b1 x1 y1
b2
a2 b3 x2 y2
a3 x3 y3
a4 b4 y4
b5 x4
a5 b6 x5 y5

;fn Qyu fer ;qXeksa ds leqPp; ds :i esa fn;k gS rFkk de ls de nks fer ;qXeksa ds nwljs vo;o leku gS rc Qyu cgq,dSdh
dgykrk gSA
;fn Qyu y f(x) dk xzkQ fn;k gS rFkk x-v{k ds lekUrj js[kk o dks ,d ls vf/kd fcUnqvksa ij dkVrh gks rks Qyu cgq,dSdh gksxkA
Y Y

X X X X
f (x) = x2 O f (x) = |x|

vkPNknd Qyu: ,d Qyu f : A B vkPNknd gksxk ;fn leqPp;

O
Y

B
Y

ds R;sd vo;o dk leqPp; A esa iwoZ frfcEc gksA vr% ;fn

1
f (y) A, y B rc Qyu vkPNknd gksxkA nwljs 'kCnksa esa f dk ifjlj (range) = f dk lg kUr (co-domain) : fuEu fp= vkPNknd
Qyu dks nf'kZr djrs gSA.
A B X Y
f g
a1 b1 x1 y1
a2 b2 x2 y2
x3
a3 b3 x4 y3

vkPNknd Qyuksa dh la[;k : ;fn nks leqPp;ksa A o B esa e'k% m o n vo;o bl dkj gS fd 1 n m, rks leqPp; A ls leqPp; B esa
n
cuus okys vkPNknd Qyuksa dh la[;k (1)nr nCrrm gksxhA
r 1

vUr%{ksih Qyu: ,d Qyu f : A B vUr% {ksih gksxk ;fn leqPp; B ds de ls de ,d vo;o dk leqPp; A esa dksbZ iwoZ frfcEc u
gksA

Qyu 3
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nwljs 'kCnksa esa f : A B ,d vUr%{ksih Qyu gksxk ;fn ;g vkPNknd Qyu ugh gSA fuEu fp= vUr%{ksih Qyu dks nf'kZr djrs gaSA
A B X Y
f g
a1 x1 y1
b1
a2 x2 y2
b2
x3
a3 b3 x4 y3
vkPNknd ;k vUr%{ksih Qyu Kkr djus dh fof/k %
(i) x dks y dk Qyu ysdj f(x) y dks gy djrs gSaA
(ii) vc ;fn g(y) R;sd y lgkUr rFkk g(y) kUr y lgkUr ds fy, ifjHkkf"kr gS] rc Qyu f(x) vkPNknd gksxk rFkk ;fn
mijksDr esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d 'krZ dk ikyu ugha gksrk gS rc f(x) vUr%{ksih gksxk A
,dSdh vkPNknd Qyu (Bijective function): ,d Qyu f : A B ,dSdh vkPNknd gksxk] ;fn ;g ,dSdh rFkk vkPNknd gSA
nwljs 'kCnksa esa] ,d Qyu f : A B ,dSdh vkPNknd (bijection) gksxk] ;fn
(i) ;g ,dSdh gS vFkkZr~ f(x) f(y) x y lHkh x, y A.
(ii) ;g vkPNknd gS vFkkZr~ lHkh y B ds fy, x A bl dkj gS fd f(x) y. Li"Vr% Qyu f ,dSdh vkPNknd gS D;ksafd ;g ,dSdh
o vkPNknd gSA
,dSdh vkPNknd Qyuksa dh la[;k : ;fn A o B nks ifjfer leqPp; gS rFkk f : A B ,d ,dSdh
A B
vkPNknd Qyu gS] rc lqePp; A o B esa vo;oksa dh la[;k leku gksxhA ;fn leqPp; A esa n vo;o f
a1 b1
gS] rks leqPp; A ls leqPp; B esa cuus okys ,dSdh vkPNknd Qyuksa dh la[;k n ! gksxhA
a2 b2
chth; Qyu (Algebraic function): os Qyu] tks LorU= pj dh ?kkrksa] oxZewy rFkk pkj ewyHkwr a3 b3
laf;kvksa ;ksxQy] vUrj] xq.kuQy o HkkxQy ls feydj curs gSa] chth; Qyu dgykrs gSa a4 b4

vchth; Qyu (Transcedental function): og Qyu tks chth; ugh gS] vchth; Qyu dgykrs gSaA
f=dks.kferh;] frykse f=dks.kferh;] pj ?kkarkdh rFkk y?kqx.kdh; Qyu vchth; Qyu gSaA
frykse f=dks.kferh; Qyu
Qyu kUr Ifjlj Qyu dh ifjHkk"kk
y sin1 x
sin1 x [ 1,1] [/2, /2]
x siny
y cos 1 x
cos 1 x [1, 1] [0, ]
x cos y
y tan1 x
tan1 x (,);k R (/2, /2)
x tany
y cot1 x
cot1 x (,) ;k R (0, )
x coty
y cosec 1x
cosec1x R (1, 1) [/2, /2] {0}
x cosec y
y sec 1 x
sec 1 x R (1, 1) [0, ] [/2]
x sec y
pj?kkrkadh Qyu : ekuk a( 1) ,d /kukRed okLrfod la[;k gS] rc f : R (0, ) tks f(x) ax }kjk ifjHkkf"kr gS; pj?kkrkadh Qyu
dgykrk gSA bldk kUr R rFkk ifjlj (0, ) gSA
Y Y
a>1 a<1
(0, 1) f(x) = ax f(x) = ax (0, 1)
X X X X
O O

Y Y
f (x ) a x dk xzkQ] a>1 f (x ) a x dk xzkQ] a<1

Qyu 4
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y?kqx.kdh; Qyu : ekuk a( 1) ,d /kukRed okLrfod la[;k gS] rc f : (0, ) R tks fd f(x) loga x }kjk ifjHkkf"kr gS] y?kqx.kdh;
Qyu dgykrk gSA
Y Y

f(x) = loga x
(1, 0)
X X X X
O O
(1, 0) f(x) = loga x

Y Y
f (x ) log a x, dk xzkQ] tc a>1 f (x ) log a x, dk xzkQ] tc a<1

Li"V rFkk vLi"V Qyu: ;fn fdlh Qyu dks Lora= pj ds inksa esa lh/ks gh O;Dr dj lds] rks ;g Li"V Qyu dgykrk gSA vLi"V
Qyu og gS] ftlesa Qyu dks Lora= pj ;k pjksa ds inksa esa O;Dr u fd;k tk ldsA
vpj Qyu: ekuk k ,d fLFkj okLrfod la[;k gSA ,d ,sls Qyu ij fopkj dhft, tks fd izR;sd okLrfod la[;k x dks bl vpj la[;k
dh lgpkjh (associate) djrk gSA rc ;g Qyu R R ,d vpj Qyu (constant function) Y
dgykrk gSA vpj Qyu esa x ds izR;sd eku ds fy,] y ;k f(x) dk eku lnSo fLFkj jgrk gSA dHkh-
dHkh bl vpj Qyu dks f(x) k x R ;k vf/kd la{ksi esa f(x) k ;k blls Hkh vf/kd la{ksi esa k f (x) = k

vpj Qyu k ls nf'kZr djrs gSaA vpj Qyu k dk Mksesu Li"Vr% R gS rFkk jsat ifjlj {k} gSA X O
X

vpj Qyu dk xzkQ x-v{k ds lekUrj ljy js[kk gksrh gS tks fd k ds /kukRed ;k _.kkRed eku
ds vuqlkj] x v{k ds ij ;k uhps gks ldrh gSA ;fn k 0 rc ljy js[kk x v{k ds lEikrh
gksrh gSA
rRled Qyu: og Qyu] tks f(x) x ; x R }kjk ifjHkkf"kr gks] rRled Qyu dgykrk gSA Li"Vr%
Y
Y
rRled Qyu dk izkUr rFkk ifjlj R gksrk gSA
rRled Qyu dk xzkQ ewyfcUnq ls xqtjus okyh ljy js[kk gS] tks fd x v{k dh /kukRed fn'kk ls f (x) = x
45o dk dks.k cukrh gSA X X
O

Y
ekikad Qyu (Modulus function) : R;sd okLrfod la[;k x ds fy, ekikad Qyu |x|, x dk fujis{k eku iznf'kZr djrk gSA
Y

f (x) = x f (x) = x

X X
O

Y
egke iw.kkZad Qyu (The Greatest integer function) : ;fn x okLrfod la[;k gS] rks ,sls egke iw.kkZad dks tks x ls cM+k u gks] ge [x]
ls fu:fir djrs gSaA egRre iw.kkZad dk Mksesu R rFkk jsat I gksrk gSA mnkgj.kkFkZ [1.1] = 1, [2.2] = 2, [ 0.9] = 1, [ 2.1] = 3
bR;kfnA Qyu f tks f(x) [x] (tcfd x R ) }kjk ifjHkkf"kr gS] ege iw.kkZad Qyu dgykrk gSA
Y
3
2
1
X X
O
3 2 1 1 2 3
1
2
3
Y

Qyu 5
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|x|
, tc x 0
flxue Qyu (Signum function) : f(x) x }kjk ifjHkkf"kr Qyu f, tgk |x| ,d Y
0 , tc x 0
(0, 1)
ekikad (modulus) Qyu gS ftldk izkUr (Mksesu) okLrfod la[;kvksa dk leqPp; gS rFkk jsat (range)
leqPp; {1, 0, 1} gS] flxue Qyu dgykrk gSA lkadsfrd :i esa bls fuEu dkj fy[k ldrs gSa( X X
O
f(x) sgn(x)
1, ;fn x 0 (0, 1)
Y
tgk sgn(x) 0, ;fn x 0
1, ;fn x 0

1
frykse Qyu (Inverse function): ;fn a 'kwU;srj okLrfod la[;k gS rks dks a dk izfrykse dgrs gSaA Y
a
f(x) =1/ x
'kwU; dk izfrykse ifjHkkf"kr ugha gSA Qyu tks izR;sd 'kwU;srj okLrfod la[;k dks blds izfrykse ds
1 1
lgpkjh ls nf'kZr fd;k tkrk gSA bls f(x) ,x 0 ls ifjHkkf"kr djrs gSaA mi;qZDr rhuksa X X
x x O
mnkgj.kksa dh Hkkfr bldk Mksesu R ugha gSA ;gk Mksesu R {0} gSA
?kkr Qyu (Power function) : ,d Qyu f : R R tks fd f(x) x , R }kjk ifjHkkf"kr gS] ?kkr Y
Qyu dgykrk gSaA
ekud Qyuksa ds izkUr rFkk ifjlj
Qyu izkUr ifjlj
cgqin Qyu R R
rRled Qyu x R R
vpj Qyu K R {K}
1
izfrykse Qyu R0 R0
x
x2 ,|x| R R+ {0}

x 3 ,x|x| R R

flXue Qyu R { 1, 0, 1}
x |x| R R+ {0}
x |x| R R {0}
[x] R I
x [x] R [0, 1)

x [0, ) [0, ]
x R+
a R
log x R +
R
sinx R [ 1, 1]
cosx R [ 1, 1]
3
tanx R , ,... R
2 2
cotx R {0, , 2 ,...} R

secx 3
R , ,... R (1, 1)
2 2
cosecx R 0, , 2,... R (1, 1)

sin1 x [ 1, 1] 2 , 2

cos 1 x [ 1, 1] [0, ]

tan1 x R ,
2 2
cot1 x R (0, )

Qyu 6
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sec 1 x R (1,1) [0, ]
2
cosec1x R (1,1) f(x) ex e x ,
le vkSj fo"ke Qyu
le Qyu % Qyu f(x) dks x dk leQyu dgrs gSA ;fn x ds lHkh ekuksa ds fy, f(x) f(x)
fo"ke Qyu % Qyu f(x) dks x dk fo"ke Qyu dgrs gSaA ;fn x ds lHkh ekukas ds fy, f(x) f(x)
le rFkk fo"ke Qyuksa ds xq.k/keZ
leQyu dk xzkQ lnSo y-v{k ds ifjr% lefer gksrk gSA
fo"ke Qyu dk xzkQ lnSo ewy fcUnq ds ifjr% lefer gksrk gSA
nks le Qyuksa dk xq.kuQy lnSo leQyu gksrk gSA
leQyuksa dk ;ksx rFkk varj le Qyu gksrk gSA
fo"ke Qyuksa dk ;ksx rFkk varj fo"ke Qyu gksrk gSA
nks fo"ke Qyuksa dk xq.kuQy le Qyu gksrk gSA
le vkSj fo"ke Qyuksa dk xq.kuQy fo"ke Qyu gksrk gSA
;g vko';d ugha gS fd izR;sd Qyu ;k rks le gksxk vFkok fo"ke dqN Qyu ,sls Hkh gksrs gSa tks u rks le gksrs gS vkSj u gh
fo"ke mnkgj.kkFkZ] f(x) x2 x3 ,f(x) loge x,f(x) ex .
le rFkk fo"ke Qyu dk ;ksxQy u rks le vkSj u gh fo"ke Qyu gksrk gSA
'kwU; Qyu f(x) 0 dsoy ,d gh ,slk Qyu gS tks le rFkk fo"ke nksuska Qyu gSA
vkorhZ Qyu
,d Qyu f(x) dks vkorhZ Qyu dgrs gSa] ;fn ,d fuf'pr vUrjky ds ckn blds R;sd eku dh iqujko`fk gksrh gSA ;fn ,d ,slh
/kukRed okLrfod la[;k T fo|eku gks fd, f(x) f(x T) f(x 2T) f(x 3T) ..... , x . T,2T,3T ,...... rc bu lHkh vkorZukadksa ds
U;wure eku dks Qyu f(x) dk ewy vkoZrukad ;k dsoy vkoZrukad dgrs gSaA
la;qDr Qyu
;fn f : A B rFkk IB nks Qyu bl izdkj gSa fd ijkl IA kar g, rks f vkSj g ds la;q Qyu dks gof vFkok gf ls fu:fir djrs gSa rFkk
gof(x) g[f(x)], x f dk kar
Qyuksa ds la;kstu ds xq.k/keZ %
(i) f rFkk g le Qyu gS fog le Qyu gS
(ii) f rFkk g fo"ke Qyu gS fog fo"ke Qyu gS
(iii) f le rFkk g fo"ke Qyu gS fog le Qyu gS
(iv) f fo"ke rFkk g le Qyu gS fog le Qyu gS
(v) Qyuksa dk la;kstu e fofues; fu;e dk ikyu ugha djrk gS vFkkZr,~ fog gof
frykse Qyu
;fn f : A B , A ls B ij ,d ,dSdh vkPNknd frfp=.k gS] rc R;sd b B ds fy;s f 1 (b) A vf}rh; gksxkA vr% f 1 : B A
,d Qyu gS tks fuEu izdkj ifjHkkf"kr gS% f 1 (b) a ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn f(a) b, rc f 1 ,f dk izfrykse Qyu dgykrk gSA ;fn f dk
izfrykse Qyu ifjHkkf"kr gS] rc f izfrykseh; Qyu (Invertiable) dgykrk gSA
f 1 : B A, f 1 (b) a f(a) b
frykse Qyu ds xq.k/keZ %
,dSdh vkPNknd (bijection) Qyu dk izfrykse Hkh ,dSdh vkPNknd Qyu gksrk gSA ,dSdh vkPNknd Qyu dk O;qRe vf}rh; gksrk gSA
(f1)1= f
;fn f rFkk g nks
,dSdh vkPNknd Qyu bl izdkj gSa fd (gof) dk vfLrRo gS] rc (gof)1= f1og1
;fn f : A B ,dSdh vkPNknd Qyu gS rc f1: B A, f dk izfrykse Qyu gSA f1of = IA rFkk fof1 = IB, ;gk IA, leqPp; A dk rFkk
IB, leqPp; B dk rRled Qyu gSA

Qyu 7
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
vH; kl
2
1 vl fedk < 3 l R; gSt cfd x fuEu vUr j ky l sl EcfU/kr gS-
x

2 2 2
(A) , (B) (C) , ( , 0) (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
3 3 3

x4
2 vl fedk <2 la
rq
"V gksrhgSt cfd x
x 3
(A) ( , 3) (10, ) (B) (3, 10) (C) ( , 3) [10, ) (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
x 7
3 > 2 dk gy gS-
x 3
(A) ( 3, ) (B) ( , 13) (C) ( 13, 3) (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
2x 3
4 3 dk gy gS-
3x 5

12 5 12 5 12
(A) 1, (B) , (C) , (D) ,
7 3 7 3 7
5 (x 1)2 (x + 4) < 0 dk gy gS-
(A) (, 1) (B) (, 4) (C) (1, 4) (D) (1, 4)
6 (2x + 1) (x 3) (x + 7) < 0 dk gy gS-

1 1 1
(A) (, 7) , 3 (B) (, 7) ,3 (C) (, 7) , 3 (D) (, 7) (3, )
2 2 2
7 ; fn x2 + 6x 27 > 0 r Fkkx2 3x 4 < 0, r c&
7
(A) x > 3 (B) x < 4 (C) 3 < x < 4 (D) x =
2
8 ; fn x2 1 0 r Fkk x2 x 2 0, r c x fuEu vUr j ky /l eq
Pp; esafLFkr gS-
(A) (1, 2) (B) (1, 1) (C) (1, 2) (D) {1}
9 fuEu l EcU/kksaea
saQyu dkS
u l k gS?
(A) {(1,4), (2,6), (1,5), (3,9)} (B) {(3,3), (2,1), (1,2), (2,3)}
(C) {(1,2), (2,2,), (3,2), (4,2)} (D) {(3,1), (3,2), (3,3), (3,4)}
10 ; fn x, y R, r ksfuEu fu; eksaesadkS
u l k Qyu ughagS-
(A) y = 9 x2 (B) y = 2x2 (C) y = x |x| (D) y = x2 + 1
11 fuEufyf[ kr esal sdkS
u l k fo"ke Qyu ughagS-
(A) sin x (B) tan x (C) tanh x (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
sin4 x cos4 x
12 Qyu f(x) = gS-
x tan x
(A) fo"ke (B) l e (C) u l e u fo"ke (D) fo"ke r Fkkvkor hZ
13 , d Qyu l e Qyu dgykr k gS; fn bl dk ys[kkfp=k l efer gS-
(A) ew
y fcUnqdsl ki s{k (B) x = 0 dsl ki s{k (C) y = 0 dsl ki s
{k (D) y = x dsl ki s
{k
14 , d Qyu fo"ke Qyu dgykr k gS ] ; fn bl dk ys[kkfp=k l efer gS-
(A) ew
y fcUnqdsl ki s{k (B) x = 0 dsl ki s{k (C) y = 0 dsl ki s
{k (D) y = x dsl ki s
{k
15 fuEu esal sl e Qyu gS-
(A) f(x) = x2 (x2 +1) (B) f(x) = sin3 x + 2 (C) f(x) = x (x +1) (D) f(x) = tan x + c
16 , d Qyu ft l dk xzkQ y-v{k dsl ki s{k l efer gSfn; k t kr k gS-

(A) f(x) = loge (x+ x 2 1 ) (B) f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) l H

khx, y R d s fy ,
(C) f(x) = cos x + sin x (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
Qy u 8
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
17 fuEu esa l s d kS
u l k l e Qy u gS
?
ax 1 ax a x ax 1
(A) x x (B) tan x (C) (D)
a 1 2 ax 1
18 fuEu esal sfo"ke Qyu gS-
(A) cos x 2 (B) (ex +1)/(ex 1) (C) x 2 |x| (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
19 Qyu f(x) = x |x| gS- 2

(A) fo"ke Qy u (B) i fj es

; Qy u (C) l e Qy u (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
20 Qyu sin4 x + cos4 x dk vkor Z
ukad gS-
(A) (B) /2 (C) 2 (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
21 Qyu |cos 2x| dk vkor Z
d ky gS-
(A) (B) /2 (C) 4 (D) 2
FG x IJ + cos FG x IJ
22 Qyu sin H 2K H 2K dk vkor Z
uka
d gS
-
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 24
23 Qyu f(x) = log cos 2x + tan 4x dk vkor Z
uka
d gS
&
(A) /2 (B) (C) 2 (D) 2/5
1
24 Qyu f(x) = 2 cos (x ) dkvkor Z
uka
d gksxk -
3
(A) 6 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D)
25 fuEu esal svkor hZQyu ughagS-
(A) tan 4x (B) cos 2x (C) cos x 2 (D) cos2 x

1
26 Qyu f(x) = dk i zkUr gS-
x2
(A) R (B) (2, ) (C) [2,] (D) [0,]
27 og i zkUr ft l dsfy, sQyu f(x) = 2x 1 r Fkk g(x) = 1 3x cj kcj gS
2
] gksxk-
(A) {1/2} (B) {2} (C) {1/2,2} (D) {1/2,2}

3x
28 Qyu log dk i zkUr gS-
2
(A) (3,) (B) (,3) (C) (0,3) (D) (3,3)
29 Qyu cos (4x 1) dk i zkUr gS
1
&
(A) (0,1/2) (B) [0,1/2] (C) [1/2,2] (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
30 Qyu log|x 9| dk i zkUr gS-
2

(A) R (B) R [3,3] (C) R {3,3} (D) bues

al sdksbZugha
31 Qyu f(x) = x 1 + 6 x dk i zkUr gS
-
(A) (1, 6) (B) [1, 6] (C) [1,) (D) (, 6]

32 Qyu f(x) = (2 2x x2 ) dk i zkUr gS-

(A) 3 x 3 (B) 1 3 x 1 + 3

(C) 2 x 2 (D) 2 + 3 x 2 3
33 Qyu f(x) = sin1 5x dk i zkUr gS
&
FG
1 1 IJ 1 1LM OP FG 1IJ
H
(A) ,
5 5 K (B) ,
5 5 N Q (C) R (D) 0,
H 5K
34 ; fn Qyu f : R+ R, f(x) = log x, gks]r ksf dk i fj l j gksxk-
(A) R0 (B) R (C) R+ (D) bues
al sdksbZugha

Qy u 9
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
35 Qyu f : R R, f(x) = tan1 x dk i fj l j gS
-

LM
OP OP
LM
(A) ,
N
2 2 Q Q
(B) ,
2 2 N (C) R (D) bues
al sdksbZugha

36 Qyu f(x) = sin [x] dk i fj l j gS
-
2
(A) {1,1} (B) {1,0,1} (C) {0,1} (D) [1,1]
| x 3|
37 Qyu f(x) = dk i zkUr o i fj l j e k%gS
&
x3
(A) R, [1,1] (B) R {3}, {1,1} (C) R+, R (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
38 Qyu f(x) = sin 1/x dk i zkUr gS-
(A) R (B) R+ (C) R0 (D) R
39 Qyu f(x) = 9 7 sin x dk i fj l j gS
&
(A) (2,16) (B) [2,16] (C) [1,1] (D) (2,16]
1
40 x dsokLr fod ekuks
adsfy; s, Qyu y = dk i fj l j gS-
2 sin 3 x

1 1 1 1
(A) y1 (B) y1 (C) >y>1 (D) >y>1
3 3 3 3

41 ; fn f : R R, f(x) =
RS 1, t c x Q , r ksf dsvUrxZr l eqPp; R dki zfr fcEc l eqPPk; gksxk-
T1, t c x Q
(A) {1,1} (B) (1,1) (C) {1,1} (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
42 ; fn f : R R, f(x) = x2 gks, r ks{x| f (x) = 1} dk eku gksxk -
(A) {1,1} (B) {1} (C) (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
43 Qyu f : R+ R+, f(x) = ex dk i fj l j gS-
(A) (0, ) (B) [1, ) (C) (1, ) (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
44 Qyu f(x) = cos 2x sin 2x dsi fj l j esal eq
Pp; gS
&
(A) [2,4] (B) [1,1] (C) [2,2] (D) [4,4]
| x|
45 ; fn Qyu f(x) = d k i zkUr [3,7] r ks bl dk i fj l j gS
&
x
(A) [1,1] (B) {1,1} (C) {1} (D) {1}
1
46 Qy u f(x) = x [ x] d k i zkUr gS
&

(A) R (B) R Z (C) Z (D) bues

al s d ksbZugha
47 Qyu f(x) = 2 + x [x 3] dk i fj l j gS-
(A) [5,6] (B) [5,6) (C) R (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
48 ; fn f(x) = log x, r ksf (x/y) cj kcj gksxk -
(A) f(x) + f(y) (B) f(x) f(y) (C) f(x) / f(y) (D) f(x) . f(y)
2x
49 ; fn f(x) = , r ksf (tan ) cj kcj gS-
1 x2
(A) cot 2 (B) tan 2 (C) sec 2 (D) cos 2
50 ; fn f(x) = ax, r ksf(x + y) cj kcj gS-
(A) f(x) + f(y) (B) f(x) f(y) (C) f(x) . f(y) (D) f(x) / f(y)
51 ; fn f(x) = log x, r ksl R; dFku gS
-
(A) f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) (B) f(x + y) = f(x) . f(y) (C) f(xy) = f(x) + f(y) (D) f(xy) = f(x) . f(y)

Qy u 10
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

x f (a / b)
52 ; fn f(x) = , gksr ks
f (b / a)
=
x1
(A) ab (B) a/b (C) b/a (D) 1
53 ; fn f(x) = 2 cos x + sin2 x, r ksf(2 x) cj kcj gS
-
(A) f(x) (B) f(x) (C) 2f(x) (D) 2f(x)

RS 1, ; fn x Q
; fn f : R R, f(x) = 1, ; fn x Q , r ksfuEu esadkS
u l k dFku vl R; gS?
54
T
(A) f e 2 j = 1 (B) f() = 1 (C) f(e) = 1 (D) f d 4i = 1
FG IJ =
55 ; fn f(x) = 2 sin x, g(x) = cos 2x, gksr ks (f + g) H 3K
2 3 1 1
(A) 1 (B) (C) 3 + (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
4 4
56 ; fn f : R R , f(x) = 2x ;r Fkk g : R R, g(x) = x + 1 , r ks(f .g) (2) dk eku gS-
(A) 12 (B) 6 (C) 3 (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
b( x a) a( x b)
57 ; fn f(x) = (b a) + (a b) , r ksf(a + b) =
(A) f(A) . f(B) (B) f(A) f(B) (C) f(A) / f(B) (D) f(A) + f(B)

x f (a)
58 ; fn f(x) = r ks f (a 1) cj kcj gS-
x 1
FG a IJ
(A) f(a) (B) f(1/a) (C) f(a2) (D) f
H a 1K
x( x 1)
59 ; fn f(x) = gks]r ksf(x + 2) dkeku gksxk-
2

( x 2) ( x 1) ( x 2)
(A) f(x) + f(x + 1) (B) f(x + 1) (C) f(x +1) (D) f(x +1)
x 2 2
60 ; fn f(x + ay, x ay ) = axy, r ksf(x,y) cj kcj gS
-

x2 y 2 x2 y 2
(A) (B) (C) x2 (D) y2
4 4

f ( xy) f ( x / y)
61 ; fn f(x) = cos (log x), r ks f ( x)f ( y) cj kcj gksxk-

(A) 1 (B) 1 (C) 0 (D) 2

62 ; fn f(x) = |x| + |x 1|, r ks0 < x < 1, dsfy, f(x) cj kcj gS-
(A) 1 (B) 1 (C) 2x + 1 (D) 2x 1
| x|
63 Qyu f(x) = , x > 0 gS-
x
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 2
f (25)
64 ; fn f : N R+, f(x) = x, r ksf (9) f (16) d k eku gksxk -
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 5/7 (D) 9/7
65 ; fn f(x) = loga x, r ksf(ax) cj kcj gS-
(A) f(A) f(x) (B) 1+ f(x) (C) f(x) (D) a f(x)
66 ; fn f(x) = (ax c) / (cx a) = y, gks]r ksf(y) cj kcj gS
-
(A) x (B) 1/x (C) 1 (D) 0

Qy u 11
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
67 ; fn f : I I,f (x) = x3 + 1 gks] r ksf gksxk-
(A) , dS d hysfdu vkPNknd ugha (B) vkPNknd ys
fdu , dS
d hugha
(C) , dSd hvkPNknd (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
68 Qyu f : R R , f(x) = x |x| gS -
(A) , dS d hi j Ur qvkPNknd ugha (B) vkPNknd i j U
r q, dS
d hugha
(C) , dSd hvkPNknd (D) u , dS
d hu vkPNknd

x2
69 Qyu f : R R , f(x) = , gS
-
1 x2
(A) cgq
, sd hQyu (B) fo"ke Qyu (C) , dS
d hQyu (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
1
70 ; fn f : R0 R0, f(x) = , gksr ksf gks
xk-
x
(A) , dS
d hysfdu vkPNknd ugha (B) vkPNknd ys
fdu , dS
d hugha
(C) u , dS
d hu vkPNknd (D) , dS
d hvkPNknd
71 Qyu f : R R, f(x) = x + |x| gS
&
(A) , dS
dh (B) vkPNknd (C) , dS
d hvkPNknd (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
OP 3 LM
72
Q N
Qyu f : 2 , 2 R, f(x) = tan x gS
&
(A) , dS
dh (B) vkPNknd (C) , dS
d hvkPNknd (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
LM 3 OP
73
N Q
Qyu f : 2 , 2 [1,1], f(x) = sin x gS-

(A) , dS
dh (B) vkPNknd (C) , dS
d hvkPNknd (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
LM 1 3 OP
74
N Q
Qyu f : 2 , 2 [1,1], f(x) = cos x gS-
(A) cgq ,Sd hvkPNknd (B) vkPNknd (C) , dSd hvkPNknd (D) cgq
, sd hvUr{ksZ
ih
75 ; fn f : R R, f(x) = ex + ex, gks]r ksf gS-
(A) , dS d hgSysfdu vkPNknd ugha (B) vkPNknd gSys fdu , dS
d hugha
(C) u , dS d hgSvkS
j u vkPNknd (D) , dSd ho vkPNknd nksuksagS
76 ; fn f : R [1,1], f(x) = sin x, gks]r ksf gksxk -
(A) , dS d hvkPNknd (B) , dS d hvUr{ksZih (C) cgq, sd hvkPNknd (D) cgq
, sd hvUr{ksZ
ih
77 ; fn f : R R , f(x) = sin x + cos x , gks] r ksf -
2 2

(A) , dS d hgSysfdu vkPNknd ugha (B) vkPNknd gSys fdu , dS

d hugha
(C) u , dS d hgSvkS
j u vkPNknd (D) , dSd ho vkPNknd nksuksagS
78 fuEu esal sdkS u l k Qyu Z l sZ esa, dS d hvkPNknd gS?
(A) f(x) = x3 (B) f(x) = x + 2 (C) f(x) = 2x + 1 (D) f(x) = x2 + x
79 fuEu esal sdkS
u l k Qyu A = {x: 1 x 1} l sLo; aesa, dS
d hvkPNknd gS?
x FG x IJ
(A) f(x) =
2
(B) g(x) = sin
H 2K (C) h(x) = |x| (D) k(x) = x2

80 fuEu QyuksaesavkPNknd Qyu gS?

(A) f : R R : f(x) = 3x (B) f : R R+ : f(x) = ex
(C) f : [0,/2] [1,1] : f(x) = sin x (D) f : R R : f(x) = cosh x
81 R l sR es ai fj Hkkf"kr fuEu Qyu esadkS
u l kvkPNknd gS
?
(A) f(x) = |x| (B) f(x) = ex (C) f(x) = x3 (D) f(x) = sin x.
82 ; fn f : I I, f(x) = x x, gksr ksf gksxk -
2

(A) , dS d h vkPNknd (B) , dS d h vUr {ksZ

ih (C) cgq
, sd h vkPNknd (D) cgq
, sd h vUr {ksZ
ih

Qy u 12
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
83 ; fn f(x) = 2x r Fkk g r Rl ed Qyu gks]r c&
(A) (fog) (x) = g (x) (B) (g + g) (x) = g(x) (C) (fog) (x) = (g + g) (x) (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
84 gof dkvfLr R
o gksxk, t cfd -
(A) f dk i z
kUr = g dki zkUr (B) f dkl gi z
kUr = g dki zkUr
(C) g dkl gi z
kUr = f dki zkUr (D) g dk l g i z
kUr = f dk l g i zkUr
85 ; fn f : R R, f(x) = x + 2x 3 r Fkkg : R R, g(x) = 3x 4 gks, r ksfog (x) dk eku gksxk-
2

(A) 3x2 + 6x 13 (B) 9x2 18x + 5 (C) (3x 4)2 + 2x 3 (D) bues al sdksbZugha
86 ; fn f : R R, f(x) = x2 5x + 4 r Fkkg : R R, g(x) = log x , gks]r ks(gof) (2) dk eku gS-
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) vi fj Hkkf"kr
87 ; fn f : R R ,f(x) = x + 1/x r Fkkg : R R , g(x) = e r ks(gof) (x) cj kcj gksxk&
+ + 2 2 + + x

2 2 x 2 1 2x 2 x 2 2
(A) ex ex (B) e
x 2
(C) e e (D) e x . e x
e
88 ; fn f : R R, g : R R , oaf(x) = 3x + 4 r Fkk(gof) (x) = 2x 1gks, r ksg(x) dk eku gksxk-
1
(A) 2x 1 (B) 2x 11 (C) (2x 11) (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
3
89 ; fn f : R R, g : R R , oag (x) = x + 3 r Fkk (fog) (x) = (x + 3)2 gks, r ksf(3) dk eku gksxk-
(A) 9 0. (B) 0 (C) 9 (D) buesal sdksbZugha
90 ; fn f(x) = ax + b r Fkkg(x) = cx + d, r ks
f(g(x)) = g(f(x)) r q
Y; gS
&
(A) f(A) = g(C) (B) f(B) = g(B) (C) f(D) = g(B) (D) f(C) = g(A)
1 x
91 ; fn f : [0,1] [0,1], f(x) = ,
1 x
g : [0,1] [0,1], g(x) = 4x (1 x), r ks(fog) (x) cj kcj gS
-

1 4 x 4 x2 8 x (1 x) 1 4 x 4 x2
(A) (B) 2 (C) (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
1 4 x 4 x2 (1 x) 1 4 x 4 x2
92 ; fn f, g, h fdl hl eqPp; i j r hu Qyu gSr ksxyr dFku gS-
1 1 1
(A) (fog) = g of (B) gof fog (C) (fog)oh = fo(goh) (D) (gof)1 = g1of 1

1 x
93 ; fn f(x) = , r ksf [f(sin )] cj kcj gS-
1 x
(A) sin (B) tan (/2) (C) cot (/2) (D) cosec
94 ; fn f(x) = (a x ) , n N, r ksf[f(x)] cj kcj gS
n 1/n
-
(A) 0 (B) x (C) xn (D) (an x)n

F 1 xI F 3x x I 3
; fn f(x) = log GH 1 x JK r Fkkg(x) = G
95
H 1 3 x JK , r ksf[g(x)] cj kcj gS&
2

(A) f(x) (B) 3f(x) (C) [f(x)]3 (D) bues

al sdksbZugha
96 ; fn (x) = x2 + 1R
kFkk (x) = 3x, r ks{(x)} r Fkk {(x)} =
2 2 2
(A) 32x+1, 3 x 1
(B) 32x+1, 3 x 1
(C) 32x + 1, 3 x 1
(D) bues
al sdksbZugha
RS1, t c x Q
; fn Qyu f(x) = 0, t c x Q gks(fof) ( 4 ) dkeku cj kcj gksxk-
97
T
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) bues
al sdksbZugha

Qy u 13
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

RS1, t c x Q
; fn f(x) = 0, t c x Q gks]r ks(fof) () dkeku gksxk-
98
T
(A) 2 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) vi fj H
kkf"kr
y y
99 ; fn f(y) = 2 , g(y) = , r ks (fog)(y) cj kcj gS
-
1 y 1 y2

y y 1 y2
(A) (B) (C) y (D)
1 y2 1 y2 1 y2

100 ; fn f(x) = [x] r Fkk g(x) = cos (x), r ksgof dk i fj l j gS-

(A) {0} (B) {1,1} (C) {1,0,1} (D) [1,1]

mkj

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

C A C B B A C D C C D A B A A D A B C B
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

B A B A C B D B B B B B B B B B B B B A

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
C C C B C B B B B C C B B C C A D C B B

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
D A B C B A A C A D D C C D C C C B B B

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

C D C B B D D C C C A D A B B C C C C B

Qy u 14
 v /; k;

l hek
CONTENTS

1 l hek 1
2 v H; kl 6
3 mkj 9
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

l hek
Qy u f(x) dhl hek '' dgy kr hgS A ; fn nhgq
bZfdl hHkhokLr fod l a [ ; k > 0
vkS
j pkgsft r uk NksVk gksdsfy , , d
okLr fod /kukRed l a
[ ; k '' vo ; fo| eku gksxhfd 0 < |x a| < |f(x) | <
lim f x =
x a

v fu/kkZ
; Z: i
dfr i ; Qy uksadsdq
N fof k"V fcUnq
v ksai j vi uk eku cr kusdh vl eFkZ
r k dsdkj .k ^l hek l a
d Yi uk* (Limit
concept) dk vkfo"dkj gq
v kA

x2 4
mnkgj .kkFkZ
%
& Qy u f(x) = dsoy , d fcUnqdksNksM+
d j l oZ
=k vi uk eku i znku dj r k gS
A
x2

; Fkk x = 0 , 1, 1, 3, vkfn i j ]
2 ..... pw
a
fd f(0) = 2, f(1) = 1 f(1) = 3, f ( 2 ) = 2 + 2 ....... vkfn
fdUr q; gh Qy u x = 2 i j cur k gS
A
22 4 0
f (2) = vfu/kkZ
; Z#i
22 0

0
(
0
dk eku fu/kkZ
fj r ughafd; k t k l dr k gS
)

0
(uks
V dj safd , d , sl k O
;a
t d gSft l dk eku dq
N Hkh n kkZ
; k t k l dr k gS
) ,s
l h fLFkfr l sfui Vusds
0
fy , l hek dk vkfo"dkj gq
v k] r nkuq
l kj bl dh l hek fuEukuq
l kj Kkr dj r sgS
A

x2 4
lim f ( x ) lim
x 2 x 2 x2

(x 2) (x 2)
= lim
x2 x2

= lim
x 2
(x + 2) = 4 ....(1)

x 2 4 ( x 2) ( x 2)
; g Hkh ; kn j [ ksafd f (x) = = x + 2 f(2) = 4 ......(2)
x2 x2

esa, d xy r h gSfdUr q, d esadksbZxy r h ughagS; g fcUnqd{kk esaLi "V fd; k t k; sxkA

44 0
f (2)
22 0
bl dk eku Kkr uga
ha fd; k t k l dr k gSvr %; g vfu/kkZ
; Z: i dgy kr k gS
a
A vU;
vfu/kkZ
; Z: i gSt S
l s%
0
(i) , (ii) , (iii) 0 , (iv) , 1 , 0 0 , 0 ft l dh l hek Kkr dj usdsfy , fofHkUu fu; eksa} kj k
0
gy Kkr fd; k t kr k gS
a
A

l hek 1
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
cka
bZr Fkk nka
bZl hek
okLr fod l a
[ ; k j s[kk i j t c pj 'x' fLFkfr fcUnq'a' dh vksj xeu dj r k gSr ksog ; g dk; Znksi zd kj l sdj
l dr k gS
A 'a' i j cke Hkkx l spy dj ; k 'a' i j nf{k.k Hkkx l spy dj t S l k dh fuEu fp=k esan kkZ; k x; k
gSA

oke Hkkx x +
x
nf{k.k Hkkx R-j s
[ kk
a

r nkuq
l kj lim f ( x ) dk eku nksi zd kj l sKkr fd; k t k l dr k gS
] oke gLr l hek (Left hand Limit i.e. LHL)
xa

dksx lim
a 0
f(x) ; k xlim
a
f(x) l sn kkZ
; kt kr kgS l kj nf{k.kgLr l hek(RHL) dksx lim
Ar nkuq a 0
f(x) ; k xlim

a
f(x)

l sn kkZ
; k t kr k gS
A , oabudh x.kuk fuEukuq
l kj dh t kr h gS
A
LHL lim f ( x ) lim f (a h) o RHL lim f ( x) lim f (a h) , t gk h > 0 gS
A
x a h0 x a h 0

f (a 0) ;k lim f(x)
x a
;k lim f(x)
x a 0
i fj dy u l w
=k f a - 0 = lim f a - h
h0

bl h i zd kj f(x) dh x = a i j nka
bZl hek (RHL) i fj Hkkf"kr dj l dr sgSaA bl fLFkfr esax, a dh vksj nka
bZ
vksj l svxzl j gksrk gS a
A x = a i j nka
bZl hek fuEu i zd kj O ; Dr dj r s gS
a
A

f (a + 0) ;k lim f(x) ; k x lim f x .

x a a0

i fj dy u l w
=k
f a + 0 = lim f a + h
h0

l hek d k v fLr Ro
Qy u f(x) dh fdl h fcUnqx = a i j l hek dsoy r Hkh fo| eku gksxh t cfd ml fcUnqi j Qy u dh cka
bZ, oa
nkbZnksuksal hek, safo| eku gksar Fkk cj kcj gksaA vr %
lim f x fo| eku gS xlim f x = lim f x =
xa a- x a+

t gk Qy u dh l hek dgy kr h gS
A
fdl h fcUnqi j l hek fo| eku gSr ksog vf} r h; gksrh gS
a
A
l hekv ksai j i zes;
f
ekuk f o g nksokLr fod Qy u ft udk i zkUr D r c u; sQy u f g,fg, , g 0 dk i zkUr D gksxkA
g

f g x f x g x , fg x f x g x

f f x
x , ; fn g x 0 ; x D
g g x

ekuk lim f x = v kS
j limg x = m . ; fn o m fo| eku gS
] r ks
x a x a

(i) ; ksx , oa v Ur j fu; e lim f g x lim f x lim g x m

x a x a x a

(ii) xq
. ku fu; e lim fg x lim f x lim g x m
x a x a x a

l hek 2
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

f lim f x
(iii) fHkUu fu; e lim x x a , t gk
x a g
lim g
x m m0
x a

(iv) v pj xq
. ku fu; e limKf x K.lim f x , t gk K vpj
x a x a

(v) eki ka
d fu; e lim f x lim f x
x a x a

g x lim g( x )
(vi) ?kkr fu; e lim f x m { lim f ( x )} x a
x a x a

(vii) la
;qDr Qy u fu; e x a

lim fog x f lim g x f m
x a
fo ks"k fLFkfr esa

(a) lim
x a x a

log f x log lim f x log
f x lim f x
(b) lim e e xa e
x a

1
(c) ; fn lim f x or , rc lim 0
x a x a f x

dq
N ekud l hek, sa
(i) ; fn f x 0 , tc xa, rc

sin f x
(a) lim 1 (b) lim cos f x 1
x a f x x a

f x
tanf x e 1
(c) lim 1 (d) lim 1
x a f x x a f x

f x
b 1 ln 1 f x
(e) lim lnb, b 0 (f) lim 1
x a f x x a f x

1/ f x
(g) lim 1 f x e
x a

x
(h) lim f x A 0 r Fkk lim x B rc lim f x AB
x a x a x a

(ii) fn; s gq
; i fj . kkeksa l s
sin x tan x
(a) lim 1 (b) lim 1
x 0 x x 0 x

ex 1 bx 1
(c) lim 1 (d) lim lnb, b 0
x 0 x x 0 x

ln 1 x 1/ x
(e) lim 1 (f) lim 1 x e
x 0 x x 0

x
1 x m am
(g) lim 1 e (h) lim mam1
x x x a x a

xm am m m n
(i) lim a
x a x n an n
l hek 3
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
l hek dh i fj dy u fof/k
(i) i zfr LFkki u fof/k %fn; sgq
, Qy u esal h/ksl hek dk eku j [ k dj ; fn og vfu/kkZ
; Z: i i zkIr uga
hadj sr ks
oghsal hek dk l h/kk eku gksxkA
f x lim f x f a
(ii) Ot d l j y hdj .k fof/k (Factorisation Method) : ; fn
;a f(x) i nh; gks] lim
o g(x) cgq x a
lim g x g a
x a g x
x a

(iii) i fj es;dj .k ; k f} i fj es;dj .k fof/k (Rationalization or double rationalization Method) : bl fof/k esa
ge oxZ ewy fufgr xq . ku[ k.M dk i fj es;hdj .k dj l j y dj r s gS
ar Fkk x dk eku j [ kr sgS
a
A
(iv) i zl kj fof/k (Expansion Method) :

; fn x 0 gks r Fkk O
;a
t d esa de l s de , d i zl kj ; ksX; Qy u gks r ks ml Qy u dk i zl kj fy [ k
dj O ;a
t d dks x dh c<+ r h ?kkr ksa esa O
; Dr dj y srs gS
a
A bl ds i pkr va
k o gj esa x dh mHk; fu"V
?kkr dk Hkkx nsd j vfu/kkZ ; Z : i l ekIr dj r s gS a
A
fuEu fn; sx; sdq
N ekud Qy uksadsi zl kj gS%
x2 x3 x 2 x3
(a) ex 1 x ...... (b) e x 1 x ......
2 3 2 3
2 3
x x loga x loga x 2 x3
(c) a 1 x loga ...... (d) log 1 x x ......
2 3 2 3

x 2 x3 x3 x 5
(e) log 1 x x ..... (f) sin x x ......
2 3 3 5

x2 x 4 x6 x3 2 5
(g) cos x 1 ...... (h) tan x x x ......
2 4 6 3 15

x3 x 3 x2 x4
(i) sinh x x ...... (j) cosh x 1 ......
3 5 2 4

x3 x 3 9x 5
(k) tanh x x 2x 5 ....... (l) sin1 x x ......
3 3 5

x3 9x5 x3 x5 x7
(m) cos1 x x ....... (n) tan1 x x ......
2 3 5 3 5 7

n n n 1 1/ x x 11 2
(o) 1 x 1 nx x 2 ...... (p) 1 x e 1 x ......
2 2 24

(vi) l j y hdj .k (Simplification)

bl fof/k ds} kj k vfu/kkZ
; Z: i Qy u dk l j y hdj .k dj usdsi pkr ml dk vfu/kkZ
; Z: i l ekIr dj dsgy
fd; k t kr k gS
a
A
(vii) ^, y * gkfLi Vy fu; e (LHospital Rule)

f x 0
(a) , y gkfLi Vy fu; e dk mi ; ksx r Hkh gksrk gS
at c g x , 0 ;k : i gks A

f x 0 f 'x
lim = or = lim
x a gx 0 x a g' x

0
; g fu; e fl QZ 0 ; k : i esa gh i fj Hkkkf"kr gS
a

l hek 4
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

(viii) l sMfop i zes; (Sandwich Theorem) : ekuk g x f x h x

y
l Hkh x [ kq
y svUr j ky c esafo| eku gS
] r Fkk ekuk
h(x)
lim g x lim h x L
x c x c
L f(x)
rc lim f x L g(x)
x c

; g l sMfop i zes; gS
A x
c

1 dh l hek Kkr d j uk (Evaluation of a limit of the form 1 ) :

f x
1 lim
(i) ; fn lim f x lim g x 0 , rc lim 1 f x g x e x
x a g
x a x a
x a

g x g x lim f x 1 g x
(ii) ; fn lim f x 1,lim g x , rc lim f x lim 1 f x 1 e x a
x a x a x a x a

egoi w
. kZfLFkfr (Particular case):

x
1/ x
(i) lim 1 x e (ii) lim 1 e
x 0 x x

l hek 5
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
vH; kl

R|x 2
1, x 0, 2
R
; fn f(x) = S
sin x, x n , n Z
j g(x) = S|
vkS 4, x 0
r ksx Lim
1
T 0 g[f(x)] cj kcj gS
-
2, vU;Fkk
T 5, x 2

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 5

Lim x sin x
2 x x cos x
cj kcj gS-

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 1 (D) bues

al s d ksbZugha

LM 1 1 ...... 1 OP
n bn 1g PQ
Lim
3 n MN 2. 3 3. 4 cj kcj gS
-

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 1/2 (D) 2

1 x
Lim
e j d k eku gS
4 2 -
x 1 cos 1 x

(A) 1/2 (B) 1 (C) 1/4 (D) 4

L 2bcosh x 1g OP 1/ x2

x 0 M
Lim
cj kcj gS
5
MN x PQ 2
-

(A) 1/12 (B) 1/12 (C) e1/12 (D) e1/12

FG IJ
H K
Lim log x
2 d k eku gS
6 x -
2 tan x

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 1 (D) bues

al s d ksbZugha
LM FG hIJ cos FG hIJ OP
M
3 sin
H6 K H6 KP
h 0 2M 3 h e 3 cosh sin hj PP cj kcj
Lim
7 gS-
MN Q
(A) 2/3 (B) 4/3 (C) 2 3 (D) 4/3

LM ea x2 2
j ea x 1j OPQ
2 2
N
Lim ax 1
8 x cj kcj gS
-

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) 1/2

Lim 1 x x2 1
9 x 0 cj kcj gS
-
sin 4 x

(A) 1/8 (B) 1/4 (C) 1/2 (D) 1

Lim
10 ; fn f(x) = x [x], r c x n 0 f(x) cj kcj gS
- (t gk n N)-
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) n (D) n1

|RSx 4, x 2 r Fkk g(x) = |RSx , x 2

2 2
11 ; fn f(x) =
T| x 2, x 2 T| 8, x 2 r c Lim
x2
f(x) g(x) cj kcj gS
-

(A) 64 (B) 32 (C) 4 (D) 16

l hek 6
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

2x 23 x 6
Lim
e 2j cj kcj gS
12 x -
x 2 21 x

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 8 (D)

Lim
b g
4n 1
n

13 n 5n b1g n cj kcj gS
-

(A) 0 (B) (C) 4/5 (D) fo| eku ughagS

x
Lim
14 x cj kcj gS
-
x x x
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha

Lim sec 4 x sec 2x

15 x 0 sec 3 x sec x d k eku gS
-

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 3/2 (D)

Lim
16 x 2/x
x (x + e ) d k eku gS-
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) e (D) e2
FH
x 1 1 x2 IK
Lim
17 cj kcj gS
-
e xj
3
x 0 1 x 2 sin 1

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 1/2 (D) 1/4

1 2 n
18 lim ....... cj kcj gS
-
2 2
n 1 n 1 n 1 n2

(A) 0 (B) 1/2 (C) 1/2 (D) bues

al s d ksbZugha
Lim
19 n x
x x e (n N) cj kcj gS
-

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) n (D) n!

Lim n
20 n (3
1/2.31/4.......
31/ 2 ) cj kcj gS
-

(A) 3 (B) 3 (C) log 3 (D) 1/3

2
Lim e x cos x
21 x 0 cj kcj gS
-
x2
(A) 3/2 (B) 1/2 (C) 2/3 (D) 2

22
Lim
b g
x 4 sin 1 / x x 2
cj kcj gS
-
x 1 | x |3

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 1 (D)

Lim x sin x log (1 x) x

23 x 0 cj kcj gS
-
x3
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/2 (C) 1/4 (D) 1/4

l hek 7
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

Lim tan 2 x 2 tan x 3

24 x tan 3 tan 2 x 4 tan x 3 d k eku gS
1 -

(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) (D) bues

al s d ksbZugha

F x 5x 3 I
2
x

x GH x x 2 JK
Lim
25 2 d k eku gS
-

(A) e2 (B) 24 (C) e3 (D) e4

sin xn
Lim
26 x 0 sin x b g
m (m<n) cj kcj gS
-

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) n/m (D) m/n

2 cos x 1
Lim
27 x b xg 2 cj kcj gS
-

(A) 1/2 (B) 1/3 (C) 1/4 (D) 1/8

28 Lim (log5 5x)log x 5 cj kcj gS

-
x1

(A) 1 (B) e (C) 1 (D) bues

al s d ksbZugha
x
Lim a a1/ x
29 x 0 a x
(a>1) cj kcj gS
-
a1/ x

(A) 1 (B) 1 (C) 0 (D) bues

al s d ksbZugha
Lim 1 2 x 3
30 x 2 cj kcj gS
-
x2
1 1
(A) (B) 3 (C) 0 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
8 3 4

xn sin xn
31 ; fn x Lim
0 v kw
U; l a
[ ; k gks, r ks n d k eku gksxk-
x sinn x
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha

Lim x cos (sin 1 x)

32 x 1 / 2 1 tan (sin 1 x) cj kcj gS
-

1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2

2f ( x) 3f (2x) f (4 x)
33 ; fn f (0) = 4, r ks x Lim
0 d k eku gS
-
x2
(A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 2 (D) 0
Lim
x 2 (x+ (x[x]) ) cj kcj gS
34 2 -

t gk [x] egke i w
. kkZ
a
d d ks i znf kZ
r d j r k gS
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

x 1 x
35
Lim
tan 1 tan 1 cj kcj gS
x x x 2 x 2
-

(A) 1 (B) 1 (C) 1/2 (D) 1/2

l hek 8
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
mkj

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 9 20
B B C C C A B D A A B C C B C D C B A B
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
A C B B D A C B B A A B B D C

l hek 9
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

NOTES

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l hek 10
 v /; k;

lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk

CONTENTS

1 lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk 1

2 v H; kl 4
3 mkj 6
 lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk
lkarR;
lrr~rk dk vFkZ gS fcuk fdlh O;o/kku vkSj fjDrrk dsA ;fn fdlh Qyu ds vkjs[k (xzkQ) esa dksbZ O;o/kku rFkk
fjDrrk ugha gS] rc mls lrr~ Qyu dgrs gSaA Qyu tks fd lrr~ ugha gksrk gS mls vlrr~ Qyu dgrs gSaA tc
Qyu ds vkjs[k dk v/;;u djrs gSa] rc ge ns[krs gSa fd Qyu sinx , x, cosx , ex vkfn dk vkjs[k (xzkQ) lrr~ gksrk
gS] tcfd egke iw.kkZad Qyu [x] izR;sd iw.kkZad fcUnq ij vlrr~ gSA vr% ;g Qyu vlrr~ Qyu dgykrk gSA blh
1
dkj] tanx, cotx, secx , vkfn Hkh vlrr~ Qyu gSA
x
lrr~ Qyu
Y Y

(0, 1)
f (x) = x
/2 2
X X X
2 O /2

(0,
y = sinx
Y

vlrr~ Qyu
Y
Y
3
2
1
X X X
O O 1 2 3
f(x)= 1/x

y = [x]

Y

fdlh fcUnq ij Qyu dh lrr~rk

fdlh fcUnq x a ij Qyu f(x) dks mlds Mksesu esa lrr~ dgrs gSa] ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn lim f(x) f(a) , vFkkZr~ Qyu
xa
f(x) , x a ij lrr~ gS] rc og fuEufyf[kr rhu fLFkfr;ksa dks larq"V djrk gS %
f(a) dk vfLrRo gks (a, Qyu f(x) ds Mksesu esa gks)
lim f(x) dk vfLrRo gks] vFkkZr~ lim f(x) lim f(x) vFkok R.H.L. = L.H.L.
xa x a x a

lim f(x) f(a) (Qyu dk eku] lhek ds cjkcj gks)

xa

lkarR; dh dkS'kh ifjHkk"kk : dksbZ Qyu f vius kUr D esa fdlh fcUnq a ij lrr~ dgykrk gS] ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn
lHkh 0 ds fy;s ,d 0 ( ij fuHkZj) dk vfLrRo bl dkj gks fd |x a| |f(x) f(a)| .
bl ifjHkk"kk dh lhek dh ifjHkk"kk ls rqyuk djus ij Qyu f(x) , x a ij lrr~ gksxk] ;fn lim f(x) dk vfLrRo gks
xa
,oa ;g f(a) ds cjkcj gks vFkkZr~ lim f(x) f(a) lim f(x) .
x a x a

oke i{k rFkk nf{k.k i{k dh lrr~rk

Qyu f(x)
ck;s i{k ls lrr~ gksxk ;fn fcUnq x = a ij lim f(x) f(a) gSA
x a 0

lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk 1

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

nk;s i{k ls lrr~ gksxk ;fn fcUnq xa ij lim f(x) f(a) gSA
xa 0

vr% Qyu f(x) , fcUnq x a ij lrr~ gksxk] ;fn mldh nk;s i{k ls rFkk ck;s i{k ls lrr~rk ,d leku gksA
lrr~ Qyuksa ds xq.k/keZ % ekuk f(x) rFkk g(x) , x a ij nks lrr~ Qyu gSa] rc
(i) cf(x) , x = a ij lrr~ gksxk] tgk c ,d vpj gSA
(ii) f(x) g(x) , x a ij lrr~ gksxkA
(iii) f(x) . g(x) , x a ij lrr~ gksxkA
(iv) f(x) / g(x) , x a ij lrr~ gksxk ysfdu g(a) 0 .

vlrr~ Qyu
dksbZ Qyu f vius kUr D ds fdlh fcUnq x a ij vlrr~ dgykrk gS ;fn bl fcUnq ij lrr~ ugha gSa rFkk fcUnq a
dks vlrr~rk dk fcUnq dgrs gSaA
vlrr~rk fuEu esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d fLFkfr esa gks ldrh gS %
(i) lim f(x) ;k lim f(x) ;k nksuksa dk vfLrRo u gksA
x a x a

(ii) lim f(x) o lim f(x) dk vfLrRo gks ijUrq vkil esa cjkcj u gksaA
xa x a

(iii) lim f(x) o lim f(x) nksuksa dk vfLrRo gks ijUrq buesa dksbZ ,d ;k nksuksa f(a) ds cjkcj u gksaA
xa x a

vodyuh;rk
fdlh fcUnq ij Qyu dh vodyuh;rk
vr% f(x) fcUnq P ij vodyuh; gS, ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn fcUnq P ij vf}rh; Li'kZ js[kk dk vfLrRo gS] nwljs 'kCnksa esa
f(x) fcUnq P ij vodyuh; gS] ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn fcUnq P o ds fljs ij fLFkr ugha gS vFkkZr~ Qyu mu fcUnqvksa ij
vodyuh; ugha gS] ftu ij Qyu ds xzkQ esa fNnz rFkk rh{.k fljs izkIr gks vFkkZr~ Qyu ml fcUnq ij vlrr~ gksA
Y

f (x)=x+1 f (x) = x 1
f ' (x)= 1 f ' (x) = 1

X
O 1 2 3

Qyu f(x) |x 1| dk xzkQ [khapus ij ge ns[krs gSa] fd f(x) , x 1 ij vodyuh; ugha gS] D;ksafd g(x) , x 1 ij rh{.k
fljk izkIr djrk gSA
f(a h) f(a)
nk;k vodyt % xa ij f(x) ds nk;s vodyt dks xa vFkok f (a) ls nf'kZr djrs gSa rFkk ;g lim
h 0 h
gksrk gSA
ck;k vodyt % x a ,ij f(x) ds ck;s vodyt dks f'(a 0) vFkok f'(a) ls nf'kZr djrs gSa rFkk ;g
f(a h) f(a)
lim gksrk gSA
h 0 h
Qyu f(x) , fcUnq x = a ij fuf'pr :i ls vodyuh; gS] ;fn f'(a 0) f '(a 0) = ifjfer gSA
f(a h) f(a) f(a h) f(a)
vFkkZr~ lim lim = ifjfer rFkk mHk;fu"B lhek dks x a ij f(x) dk vodyt dgrs gSa] ftls
h 0 h h 0 h
f(x) f(a)
f'(a) ls nf'kZr djrs gSaA Li"V gS fd f'(a) lim {x a tSls ck;h vksj ls] oSls gh nk;h vksj ls}
xa x a

lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk 2

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

vodyuh;rk ds dqN egRoiw.kZ fu"d"kZ %

(i) R;sd cgqin Qyu] R;sd x R ds fy, vodyuh; gksrk gSA
(ii) pj?kkrkadh Qyu ax ,a 0 R;sd x R ds fy, vodyuh; gksrk gSA
(iii) R;sd vpj] x R ds fy, vodyuh; gksrk gSA
(iv) y?kqx.kdh; Qyu vius Mksesu ds R;sd fcUnq ij vodyuh; gksrk gSA
(v) f=dks.kferh; rFkk frykse f=dks.kferh; Qyu vius Mksesu esa vodyuh; gksrs gSaA
(vi) nks vodyuh; Qyuksa dk ;ksx] vUrj] xq.kk rFkk Hkkx Hkh vodyuh; gksrk gSA
(vii) vodyuh; Qyuksa dk la;kstu Hkh vodyuh; gksrk gSA

lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk 3

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
vH; kl
1 fuEu esal sdkS
u l kl a
r r Qyu gS-

(A) cos [x] (B) sin [x] (C) sin [x] (D) mi j ks
Dr l Hkh
2

2 ; fn f(x) =
b
1 cos 1 cos x g , bx 0g l Hkht xg l arr gks, r ksf(0) cj kcj gksxk-
4
x
(A) 1/8 (B) 1/2 (C) 1/4 (D) bues
al sdksbZugha
R|F1 4 xI 1/ x

Qyu f(x) = SGH 5 JK

,x 0
3 dsfy; sl ghdFku gS-
|T e , 4/5
x0

(A) f(0 +0) r Fkkf(0 0) fo| eku ughagS (B) f(0+0) f(00)

(C) f(x) ,x = 0 i j l a
r r gS lim f(x) f(0)
(D) x0

R| sin ba 1g x sin x
|| x
, x0
4 ; fn f(x) = Sc , x0,
|| x bx x 2

|T bx x , x 0
x=0ij l a r r gS, r ks&
(A) a = 3/2, c = 1/2, b dks
bZokLr fod l a
[ ; k gS (B) a = 3/2, c =1/2, b dks bZokLr fod l a
[ ; k gS
(C) a = 3/2, c = 1/2, b R {0} (D) buea sal sdksbZugha
5 Qyu f(x) = 4x3 + 3x2 + ecos x + |x3| + log (ax 1) + x1/3 (a>1) vl a r r gS-

(A) x = 0 i j (B) x = 1i j (C) x = 2 i j (D) x = ij
2

a2 ax x 2 a2 ax x 2
6 ; fn f(x) = ; x dsl H
khekuksadsfy; sl a
r r gS, r c f(0) cj kcj gS
-
ax ax

(A) a a (B) a (C) a (D) a a

R|eb a j
2 2

|| 2 , 2
0 xa
2 3
Qyu f(x) = S 2 6 3 x , a x b , gksxk-
b x a
7
|| 1 F b a I 3 3

|| 3 GH x JK , x b
T
(A) x = a i j l a
rr (B) x = b i j l a
rr
(C) nks
uksax = a, x = b i j vl a
rr (D) nks
uksax = a, x = b i j l a
rr
R| e 1/ x
1
,x 0
8 Qyu f(x) = S
|e 1/ x
1
,
|| 0, x0
T
(A) x = 0 i j l a
r r gS (B) x = 0 i j l a
r r ughagS(C) x = 2 i j l a
r r gS (D) bues
al sdksbZugha

lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk 4

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

FG sin x IJ 1/ x

9 ; fn Qyu f(x) =
H sin K t gk, m (m ) l a
r r gksr ks-
(A) f( ) = etan (B) f ( ) = e cot (C) f( ) = e2 cot (D) f( ) = cot
R| 2 sin x, x / 2
10 ; fn f(x) = Sa sin x b, / 2 x / 2 , x dsi zR; sd eku dsfy; sl a
rr Qyu gks, r ks-
|T cos x, x/2
(A) a = b = 1 (B) a = b = 1 (C) a = 1,b = 1 (D) a = 1, b = 1
11 ; fn Qyu f(x) = x |xx |,1 x 1 r c f gS-
2

(A) x = 0 i j l a
rr (B) x = 1 i j l arr (C) x = 1 i j l a
rr (D) l H
kht xg l a
rr
12 f(x) = 1+ 2 gS-
1/x

(A) l Hkht xg l a
rr (B) dghaHkhl a r r ugha (C) x = 0 i j vl a
rr (D) buea
sal sdksbZugha
13 ekuk fd f(x) = [x]+ [x] r Fkk m dksbZi w. kkZ
d gS, r ksl ghdFku gS
(A) xlim
m
f(x) fo| eku ughagS (B) f(x) , x = m i j l a
r r gS

(C) xlim
m
f(x) fo| eku gS (D) buea
sal sdksbZugha
14 ; fn f(x) = (tan x cot )1/(x ) ,x = i j la
r r gS
, r ksf( ) dk eku gS
-
(A) e2 sin 2 (B) e2cosec 2 (C) ecosec 2 (D) esin 2

15 Qyu f(x) =
d
tan x i dsfy, sxyr dFku gS
2
1 [ x]
(A) f(x), x = 0 i j vl ar r gS (B) f(x), x dsl H
khekuksadsfy; sl a
r r gS
(C) f(x), x = 0 i j l a
r r gS (D) f(x) , d vpj Qyu gS s
1 cos 5 x
16 Qyu f(x) = 1 cos 4 x dkvl ka
r R; fcUnqgS
-

(A) x = 0 (B) x = (C) x = /2 (D) mi j ks

Dr l Hkh
1 sin x 1 sin x
17 ekuk fd f(x) = . r ksx = 0 i j f dk eku t c fd ; g l H
kht xg l ar r gks-
x
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 1/2

sin(k 1)x sin x

,t c x 0
x
1
18 ; fn Qyu f(x) = 2 , t c x 0 , x=0ij l a
r r gks, r ksk dk eku gksxk -


x 2x 2 1/ 2 x 1 / 2
,t c x 0
2x 3 / 2

(A) 1/2 (B) 1/2 (C) 3/2 (D) 1

LM x OP
19
N Q
; fn Qyu f(x) = 2 1 gksr ksvUr j ky [0, ] esa
-

1
(A) tan [f(x)] vl a
r r gSi j Ur q1/f(x)l a
r r gS (B) tan [f(x)] l a
r r gSi j Ur qf ( x) vl a
r r gS
(C) tan [f(x)] r Fkkf 1 (x) l a
r r gS (D) tan [f(x)] r Fkk1/f(x) nks
uksavl a
r r gS
20 vUr j ky (0,2) esafcUnq v ksad h l a
[ ; k t gk Qyu f(x) = |x1/2| + |x1| + tan x d k vod yt fo| eku ughagS

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
21 Qy u f(x) = sin [ x] gS b g
(A) l H
kh t xg vod y uh; (B) d ghaHkh vod y uh; ugha
(C) x = 1 r Fkk 1 i j vod yuh; ugha (D) buesal s d ksbZugha

lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk 5

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

Qy u f(x)=
|RSx tan 1
(1 / x), x 0
,x = 0 i j gS
T|0,
22
x0
(A) vl arr (B) l a
rr (C) vody uh; (D) buesal s d ksbZugh
23 ; fn f(x) = x sin (1/x), x 0, f (0) = 0, r ksx = 0 i j
2

(A) f r Fkkf' l ar r gS
a (B) f vody uh; gS
(C) f r Fkkf' nksuksavody uh; gS (D) f vody uh; gSr Fkk f' l a
r r gS
tan ( [ x ] )
24 ; fn f(x) = , t gk [x] egke i w
. kkZ
a
d x, r ks
1 [ x] 2
(A) x d s l H
kh ekuksad s fy , sf(x) fo| eku gS (B) x d sl H
kh ekuksad s fy , sf'(x) fo| eku gS
(C) x d s l H
kh ekuksad sfy ; sf(x) l ar r gS (D) d q
N fcUnqv ksai j f(x) vl a
r r gS
R|x e 1/ x
e 1/ x
; fn f(x)= S e
,x 0
|T 0,
1/ x
25 e 1/ x , r ksl gh d Fku gS

x0
(A) x= 0 d s vfr fj Dr f l H
kh fcUnq
v ksai j l a
r r gS(B) f i zR; sd fcUnqi j l a
r r gSi j Urqvodyuh; ugha
(C) f i z
R; sd fcUnqi j vody uh; gS (D) f d s oy ew y fcUnqi j vody uh; gS

mkj

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
B A C B A C D B B D D C C B A D A C D C
21 22 23 24 25
A B B B B

lkarR; rFkk vodyuh;rk 6

 v /; k;

vodyu ds vuq;ksx
CONTENTS

1 vodyu ds vuq;ksx 1
2 v H; kl 3
3 mkj 6
 vodyu ds vuq;ksx
;kaf=kdh esa vuqiz;ksx ,oa ifjorZu dh nj
js[kh; xfr esa osx rFkk Roj.k
fdlh xfr'khy d.k dh le; ds lkis{k foLFkkiu esa ifjorZu dh nj osx rFkk le; ds lkis{k osx esa ifjorZu dh nj Roj.k
dgykrh gSA
ekuk le; t ij d.k ds osx o Roj.k ek% v rFkk a gkas] rks
ds dv d2s
osx (v) = ; Roj.k (a) = .
dt dt dt2
vodyt dk ifjorZu dh nj dh rjg O;ogkj
;fn ,d pj jkf'k y dk t esa Qyu y f(t) gS] rc le; t ds eku esa FkksM+k lk Hkh ifjorZu gksus ij y ds eku esa laxr
ifjorZu y gksrk gSA
y
bl dkj] vkSlr ifjorZu dh nj =
t
dy
x ds lkis{k y dk vody xq.kkad vFkkZr~ , x ds lkis{k y esa ifjorZu dh nj gSA
dx
Li'kZ js[kk ,oa vfHkyEc
Li'kZ js[kk ,oa vfHkyEc dh izo.krk
Li'kZ js[kk dh o.krk : ;fn fdlh o y f(x) ds ,d fcanq P(x1 ,y1 ) ij Li'kZ js[kk [khaph tk;sa vkSj ;g Li'kZ js[kk x-
v{k dh /kukRed fn'kk ls dks.k cukrh gS] rc
Y Li'kZ js[kk
dy
Li'kZ js[kk dh o.krk tan vfHkyEc
dx (x1 ,y1 )
;fn Li'kZ js[kk x-v{k ds lekUrj gks] rc y = f(x) P(x1, y1)

dy
0 0 X
dx (x1 , y1 ) O

;fn Li'kZ js[kk x-v{k ds yEccr~ gks]rc

dy

2 dx (x1 , y1 )

vfHkyEc dh o.krk : fdlh o ds ,d fcUnq P(x1 ,y1 ) ij vfHkyEc og js[kk gS tks fcUnq P ij [khaph xbZ Li'kZ js[kk
ij yEc gks rFkk fcUnq P ls xqtjrh gks] rc
1 1 dx
vfHkyEc dh o.krk = =
Li'kZ j[skk dh o.krk dy dy P(x1 ,y1 )

dx P(x1 , y1 )
dx
;fn vfHkyEc x-v{k ds lekUrj gks] rc 0 ;k dx 0
dy (x1 , y1 ) dy (x1 , y1 )
dy
;fn vfHkyEc x-v{k ij yEc gks (;k y-v{k ds lekUrj gks)] rc 0
dx (x1 , y1 )

Li'kZ js[kk ,oa vfHkyEc ds lehdj.k

dy
Li'kZ js[kk dk lehdj.k % o y f(x) ds fcUnq P(x1 ,y1 ) ij Li'kZ js[kk dk lehdj.k gS] y y1 (x x1 )
dx (x1 ,y1 )

vodyu ds vuq;ksx 1
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

1
vfHkyEc dk lehdj.k % o y f(x) ds fcUnq P(x1 ,y1 ) ij vfHkyEc dk lehdj.k gS] y y1 (x x1 )
dy

dx (x1 ,y1 )
nks oksa dk izfrPNsnu dks.k
nks oksa dk frPNsnu dks.k nksuksa oksa ds frPNsn fcUnq ij [khaph xbZ Li'kZ js[kkvksa ds chp dk dks.k gSA
dy dy

1(x1 ,y1 ) dx 2(x1 , y1 )
dx
vr% nksuksa oksa y f1 (x) ,oa y f2 (x) dh Li'kZ js[kkvksa ds chp dk dks.k gS] tan
dy dy
1
dx 1(x 1 , y1 ) dx 2(x1 , y1 )
ledks.kh; ;k ykfEcd o : ;fn nks oksa dk frPNsn dks.k ,d ledks.k gks] rks nksuksa oksa dks ledks.kh; o ;k

ykfEcd o dgrs gSaA ;fn o ledks.kh; gksa] rks
2
dy dy
vr% m1m2 1 1
dx 1 dx 2
Li'kZ js[kk] vfHkyEc] v/kksLi'kZ js[kk ,oa v/kksyEc dh yEckbZ Y

2 Li'kZ js[kk
dy vfHkyEc
1
dx P(x,y)
Li'kZ js[kk dh yEckbZ : PA y cosec y
dy y

dx X
O A C B
1
b n 1
vfHkyEc dh yEckbZ :r
a
y
v/kksLi'khZ dh yEckbZ : AC ycot
dy

dx
2ac
v/kksyEc dh yEckbZ :b .
ac

v{kksa ij Li'kZ js[kk ds vUr%[k.Mksa dh yEckbZ

dy
o y f(x) ds fcUnq (x1 ,y1 ) ij Li'kZ js[kk dk lehdj.k y y1 (x x1 ) gS] rc x-v{k ij dVk vUr%[k.M
dx (x1 ,y1 )

y
= OQ x1 1
dy

dx
(x1 , y1 )
dy
y v{k ij dVk vUr%[k.M = OR rFkk y1 x1 .
dx (x1 ,y1 )
ewy fcUnq ls Li'kZ js[kk ij yEc dh yEckbZ
o y f(x) ds fdlh fcUnq P(x1 ,y1 ) ij [khaph xbZ Li'kZ js[kk ij ewy fcUnq ls Mkys x, yEc dh yEckbZ
dy
y1 x1
dx (x1 ,y1 )
gS] p 2
.
dy
1
dx

vodyu ds vuq;ksx 2
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
vH; kl
x2 y2
1 o = 1 d s fcU
nq(a sec , b tan ) i j vfHky Ec dk l ehd j .k gS

a2 b2
ax by ax by
(A) + = a2 + b2 (B) = a2 b2
sec tan sec tan
ax by ax by
(C) + = a2 b2 (D) + = a b
sec tan sec tan

2
F xI F y I
n

o GH a JK + GH b JK
n

= 2 d s fcU
nq(a, b) i j n d s l Hkh ekuksad s fy , s Li kZj s[kk d k l ehd j . k gS

x y x y x y 1 a b
(A) + = 1 (B) + = 2 (C) + = (D) + = 2
a b a b a b 2 x y
3 ; fn o yn = an1 x d s fd l h fcUnq i j v/kksy Ec d h y EckbZvpj gks r ks n cj kcj gS

(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 0

4 oksar = a sin( ) r Fkk r = b cos ( ) d s e/; i zfr PNsn d ks.k gS

(A) (B) + (C) (D)
2 2
5 o ay2 = (a+x)2 (3ax) d s fd l h fcUnqx = a i j v/k%Li khZdh y EckbZgS

(A) a (B) 2a (C) 4a (D) 6a
6 ; fn o xy = 1i j j s[kk ax + by + c = 0 , d vfHkyEc gks r ks
(A) a, b R (B) a > 0, b > 0
(C) a < 0, b > 0 or a > 0, b < 0 (D) a < 0, b < 0
7 ; fn o f(x) = x2 d sfdl h fcUnq(c, f(C)) i j Li kZj s[kk fcUnq
v ksa(a, f(A)) r Fkk (b,f(B)) d ksfey kusokyh j s[kk
d s l ekUr j gks r ks a, c, b gS
a

(A) gJs
esa (B) xq
Jsesa (C) l Js
esa (D) l Js
r Fkk xq
Js nksuksa
8 mu fcUnq
v ksad k l ew
g t gk o y3 3xy + 2= 0 i j Li kZj s[kk {kS
fr t gS

(A) {(1,1)} (B) {(0,0)} (C) {(0,1)} (D)
9 o y = cos (x + y), (2 x 2 ) d s fd l fcUnq i j Li kZj s[kk x+ 2y = 0 d s l ekUr j gS

(A) ( /2,0) (B) ( /2, 0) (C) (3 /2, 0) (D) (3 /2, /2)
10 o y = cos (x+ y), 2 x 2 dh Li kZj s[kkvksaesal s , d Li kZj s[kk d k l ehdj . k t ks fd j s[kk x +
2y = 0 d s l ekU
r j gS

(A) x + 2y 1 = 0 (B) 2x + 4y = (C) x 2y + 1 = 0 (D) 4x 8y + = 0

11 vfr i j oy ; 2xy= a2 i j Li kZj s[kk r Fkk funsZ
kh; v{kksad s chp cuus oky s f=kHkq
t d k {ks=kQy gS

(A) a2 (B) 2a2 (C) a2/2 (D) 3a2/2
12 ; fn o 2y3 = ax 2 + x 3 d sfcUnq(a,a) i j Li kZj s[kk funsZ
kh v{kksad sl kFk p r Fkk q vUr %
[ k. M d kVr h gS
, t gk
p + q = 61 gks
2 2 , r ks a cj kcj gS
(A) 30 (B) 30 (C) 0 (D) 30
13 ; fn oksay = ax r Fkk y = bx d s e/; i zfr PNsn d ks.k gks, r ks tan cj kcj gS

log a log b log a log b log a log b

(A) (B) (C) (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
1 log a log b 1 log a log b 1 log a log b

14 o y= x2 3x + 2 i j og fcUnq t gk Li kZj s[kk y = x d s y Ecor ~ gks

(A) (0, 2) (B) (1, 0) (C) (1, 6) (D) (2, 2)

vodyu ds vuq;ksx 3
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
15 o y = e2x + x2 d s fcUnqx = 0 i j vfHky Ec r Fkk ew
y fcUnq d s chp nw
j h gS

(A) 2 5 (B) 2/ 5 (C) 5 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
s16 ; fn o y = ax2 6x + b ,fcUnq(0,2) l sxq
t j r k gSr Fkk bl d h Li kZj s[kk x = 3/2 i j x v{k dsl ekUr j
gS, r ks a r Fkk b ds eku gS
a

(A) 2, 2 (B) 2, 2 (C) 2, 2 (D) 2, 2
17 ; fn o y = sin x i j ew
y fcUnql s Li kZ
j s[kk, sa[ kha
ph t k, sar ks Li kZfcUnqfuEu i j fo| eku gksxk
(A) x 2 = y2 (B) x2y2 = x 2 y2 (C) x 2y2 = 0 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
18 ; fn o by2 = (x + a)3 d sfd l h fcUnqS i j v/kksy Ec SN r Fkk v/k%
Li khZST d schp l EcU/k p(SN) = q(ST)2
gks]r ks p/q cj kcj gS

8b 8a
(A) (B) (C) b/a (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
27 27
19 ; fn a, b, c v kw
U; okLr fod l a
[ ; k; sabl i zd kj gSfd
1 2
8 8
(1 cos x) (ax2 + bx + c)dx = (1 cos x) (ax2 + bx + c) dx = 0,
0 0

r c l ehd j . k ax2 + bx + c = 0 d s ew
y gksa
xs
(A) , d ew
y 0 r Fkk 1 d s e/; r Fkk nw
l j k ew
y 1 r Fkk 2 d s e/;
(B) nks
uksaew
y 0 r Fkk 1 d s e/;
(C) nks
uksaew
y 1 r Fkk 2 d s e/;
(D) bues
al s d ksbZugha

1
x cos , x 0
20 Qyu f(x) = x d k vUr j ky [ 1, 1] esa
] y sxzkt i zes; l s c d k eku gS&
0, x0
1
(A) 0 (B)
2
1
(C) (D) fn; s x; s vU
r j ky d s fy ; s vfLr Ro esaugha
2
21 ekuk Qy u f, x d s l Hkh okLr fod ekuksa d s fy ; s v od y uh; r Fkk l r r ~ gS
] ; fn f(2) = 4 r Fkk
f'(x) 6, x [2, 4] r c
(A) f (4) < 8 (B) f (4) 8 (C) f (4) 12 (D) bues
al sd ksbZugha
22 ; fn f(x) r Fkkg(x), 0 x 1 d sfy ; sbl i zd kj vod y uh; gSfd f(0) = 2, g(0) = 0, f(1) = 6,
g(1) = 2, r c vU
r j ky (0, 1) esa
]
(A) f'(x) = 0, l H
khx d sfy ; s (B) f'(x) = 2g'(x), d e l sd e , d x d sfy ; s
(C) f'(x) = 2g'(x) vf/kdr e , d x d sfy ; s (D) bues
al sd ksbZugha
23 ekukf(x) = (x 4) (x 5) (x 6) (x 7) r c
(A) f '(x) = 0 d spkj ew
y gS (B) f'(x) = 0 d sr hu ew
y (4, 5) (5, 6) (6, 7) esafLFkr gS
(C) l ehd j .k f'(x) = 0 d k fl QZ, d ew
y gS (D) f'(x) = 0 d sr hu ew
y (3, 4) (4, 5) (5, 6) esafLFkr gS
24 k d sekuks
adh l a
[ ; k] ft l dsfy ; sl ehd j .k x3 3x + k = 0 d snksfofHkUu ew
y vUr j ky (0, 1) esafLFkr gks
(A) r hu (B) nks
(C) vuU
r (D) k d k d ks
bZeku vko ; d i zfr ca
/k d ksl a
rq"B ugha d j r k gS
A

vodyu ds vuq;ksx 4
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
25 ,d O; f t ks2 ehVj pk gS
] , d 5 ehVj psi zd k k Lr a
Hk l snw
j 6 eh-@feuV d h , d l eku pky l spy r k
gS
A og nj ft l i j ml d h Nk; k d h y a
ckbZc<+r h gS ] gksxh
(A) 1 eh-@feuV (B) 2 eh-@feuV (C) 4 eh-@feuV (D) 3 eh-@feuV
26 5 ehVj y Ech , d l h<+
h , d nhokj d sl gkj s>q
d h gS
A l h<+
h d k i kn nhokj d h vksj 2 m/sec d h nj l st ehu
d s vuq
fn k [ kha
pk t kr k gS
A bl d h nhokj i j pkbZfd r uh r st h l s c<+j gh gSt cfd l h<+
h dk i kn nhokj
l s 4 ehVj dh nw j h i j gS
4 8 10 6
(A) m/sec (B) m/sec (C) m/sec (D) m/sec
3 3 3 3
27 , d uy h l scky w12 cm3/sec d h nj l sfj l j gh gSA fxj r h gq
bZcky wt ehu i j , d ka
d qbl i zd kj cukr h
gSfd kad q d h pkbZ l nS o vk/kkj d h f=kT; k dh 1/6 gS A t c pkbZ4 l seh gS] r c ft l r st h l scky w
d s ka
d qdh pkbZc<+
sxh og gS-
1 1
(A) 48cm/sec (B) cm/sec (C) 58 cm/sec (D) cm/sec
48 58
28 ,d O ; f t ks 2 ehVj pk gS
] , d 6 ehVj ps i zd k k Lr a
Hk l s nw
j 5 fd -eh-@?ka
Vk d h , d l eku pky l s
py r k gSA og nj ft l i j ml d h Nk; k d h ya
ckbZc<+ r h gS
] gksxh
(A) 2 km/hr (B) 2.5 km/hr (C) 4 km/hr (D) 3 km/hr

29 v/kZ kh"kZdks.k oky h , d ka
Dokd kj Quy l sr y h i j kh"kZi j , d NksVsNsn l sgksd j 2 cm 3/sec d h nj
4
l si kuh fudy j gk gS
A t c i kuh d h fr ; Z
d pkbZ4 l seh- gSr c i kuh d h fr ; Z
d pkbZ?kVusd h nj gksxh

6 5 2 3
(A) cm/sec (B) cm/sec (C) cm/sec (D) cm/sec
4 4 4 4
30 , d YVk kad qt ks 10 cm xgj k r Fkk ft l d h vk/kkj dh f=kT; k 5 cm gS
] esa3/2 c.c. d h nj l si kuh Hkj k
t kr k gS
A og nj ft l l s i kuh d h l r g ka
d qesac<+j gh gSt c xgj kbZ4 cm gks-
5 2 7 3
(A) cm/min (B) cm/min (C) cm/min (D) cm/min
8 8 8 8

vodyu ds vuq;ksx 5
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
mkj

Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. A B C D C C C D A B A D A B B A B A A D

Q.No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. B B B D C B B B C D

vodyu ds vuq;ksx 6
 v /; k;

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B

CONTENTS

1 , dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 1

2 v H; kl 8
3 mkj 11
 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B

, dfn"Vr k
i zLr kouk
bl v/; k; esage vodyt dsfpUg dk v/; ; u dj sa
xsft l dk i z;ksx fdl hQyu dsvkys[k dhi zd fr dksfu/kkZfj r dj r k gS
A
; fn fdl hQyu dk xzkQ i j dhvksj p<r k gq
v k ; k uhpsdhvksj mr j r k gq
v k gks] r ksml s, dfn"V Qyu dgr sgSA
, dfn"V Qy u
fdl hi zkUr D esai fj Hkkf"kr Qyu f(x) ml i zkUr esa
(i) , dfn"V o/kZ eku :
x x 2 f x1 f x 2
1 x1,x 2 D
x1 x 2 f x1 f x 2

y y

x x
o o

x x f x
1 2 1 f x
2
vFki.e.,
r ~ x x f x f x x1, x 2 D
kZ
1 2 1 2

(ii) , dfn"V kl eku :

x x 2 f x1 f x 2
1 x1,x 2 D
x1 x2 f x1 f x2

y y

x x
o o

x1 x 2 f x1 f x2
r ~
vFki.e.,
kZ x1, x 2 D
x1 x 2 f x1 f x 2 y
f (x)
dksbZQyu fdl h i zkUr esa, dfn"V Qyu dgykr k gS; fn og ml i zkUr esa, dfn"V f (x2)

o/kZeku ; k , dfn"V kl eku gSA

(iii) l k/kj .kr o/kZ
eku : Qyu f(x) l k/kkj .ko/kZ
eku Qyu dgykr k gS; fn f (x1)

dy
x2 x1 f x2 f x1 vkS
j 0 x
dx o x1 x2

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 1

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
(iv) l k/kj .kr %kl eku : Qyu f(x) l k/kkj .k kl eku Qyu dgykr kgS; fn
dy
j 0
x2 x1 f x2 f x1 vkS
dx
y

f (x1)

f (x2)

o x1 x2 x

, dfn"Vr k dsi j h{k. k dh fof/k

(i) , d fcUnqi j : Qyu f x vi usi zkUr dsfdl hfcUnqx a i j , dfn"V o/kZ
eku
kl ekudgykr kgS; fn ; g vUr j ky
a h, a h
t gkh vfr y?kq/kukRed l a
[ ; kgSesa, d fn"V o/kZ
eku
kl ekugksA vr %; g ns[kkt kl dr kgSfd ; fn
x a i j f(x) , dfn"V o/kZ
eku
kl ekugS
Ar ksbl fcUnqi j Qyu dsxzkQ i j [ kha
phxbZLi kZj s[kk x-v{kdsl kFkU;w
udks.k

vf/kd dk.skcuk; sxhA.

y y

p p

o x o x

Qyr %f ' a /ukRed ; k _ .kkRed gksxk t cfd f x , x a i j , dfn"V o/kZ

eku ; k kl eku gS
A.
vr %Qyu f(x) , x a i j
, dfn"V o/kZ
eku gS f ' a 0
, dfn"V kl eku gS f ' a 0
(ii) vUr j ky esa: Qyu f(x) vUr j ky a,b,fesax

, d fn"V o/kZ
eku f ' x 0

, d fn"V kl eku f ' x 0

v pj f ' x 0 a, b
o/kZ
eku f ' x 0

kl eku f '' x 0

fVIi . kh :
(i) mi ; q
Z
Dr fLFkfr ; kesaf ' x , x dsl Hkhekuksadsfy, kw
U; ughagksuk pkfg; svU; Fkk f x vpj Qyu gksxk A
(ii) ; fn vUr j ky a,b, es
fa
' de
x l 0sde , d fcU
nqi j f ' x 0 gSr Fkk de l sde , d fcUnqi j f ' (x) > 0 gSr ks
f (x) , [a,b] es
a, dfn"V Qyu ughgksxk

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 2

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
, dfn"V Qy uksadsmnkgj . k
; fn dksbZQyu vi usi zkUr dsi zR; sd fcUnqi j , dfn"V o/kZ
eku
kl ekugksrk gS
] r ksml s, dfn"V o/kZ
eku
kl ekuQyu dgr s
gSA.
fuEufyf[ kr l w
phesa, dfn"V o , dfn"V ughQyuksadsmnkgj .k fn, x; sgS A
, d fn " V , d fn " V , d fn " V ugh
o/kZ
eku kl eku

1
x3 x2
x
x x 1 2x x

ex e x e x e x
log x log 2 x sin x

tan x cot x cos x

sinh x cos echx , x 0 cosh x

x cot h x , x 0 sec hx

, dfn"V Qy uksadsxq
. k/keZ
(i) ; fn f x fdl hvUr j ky esao/kZ
eku gksr ksml vUr j ky esaf 1 fo| eku gksrk gSr Fkk og Hkho/kZ
eku Qyu gskr k gS
A
(ii) ; fn f x , a,b esal a
r r gSr Fkk a,b esavodyuh; gS
] r ks
f ' c 0 c a,b f x , a,b es
a, dfn"V o/kZ
eku Qyu gS
f ' c 0 c a,b f x , a,b es
a, dfn"V kl eku Qyu gS
(iii) ; fn a,b esaf(x) r Fkkg(x) nksuksao/kZ
eku ] r Fkk a,b , esagof i fj Hkkf"kr gks]r ksgof o/kZ
; kkl ekugksa eku gksrkgS
A
(iv) ; fn a,b esaf(x) r Fkkg(x) esal s, d o/kZ
eku r Fkknw
l j kkl eku gksr Fkk[a, b] esagof i fj Hkkf"kr gks]r ks gof kl eku gksrk
gSA

mfPp"B , oafufEu"B
i zLr kouk
bl v/; k; esage Qyu dh i zkUr esa, sl sfcUnq v ksadk v/; ; u dj sa xst gk i j Qyu dsxzkQ dh fn kk i j l suhps
dh vksj ; k uhpsl si j dh vksj cnyr h gS A , sl sfcUnq
v ksai j ; fn Qyu dk vodyt fo| eku gksr ksog vko ; d
: i l s kw U; gksrk gSA
mfp"B vkS j fufEu"B dh i fj Hkk"kk
i fj Hkk"kk (1) : , d Qyu f(x) , x = a i j mfPp"B dgykr k gS; fn , d l kehI; (a , a + ) dk vfLr Ro bl i zd kj
gksfd
f(x) < f (a) x (a , a + ) , x a
f(x) f(a) < 0 x (a , a + ) , x a
bl fLFkfr esa ] f(a) , x = a i j Qyu f(x) dk mfPp"B eku dgykr k gSA
i fj Hkk"kk (2) : , d Qyu f , x = a i j fufEu"B dgykr k gS; fn , d l kehI; (a , a + ) dk vfLr Ro bl i zd kj
gSfd
f(x) > f(a) x (a , a + ) , x a
f(x) f(a) > 0 x (a , a + ) , x a
bl fLFkfr esaf(a) , f(x) dkx = a i j U; w
ur e eku dgykr k gS
A

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 3

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
mfPp"B , oafufEu"B
, d Qyu f x dk eku x a i j mfPp"B gksrk gS y
; fn >0 , d y?kql a
[ ; k bl i zd kj dh i zkIr dh t k
l dsfd
f a f x

x a ,a

bl fLFkfr esax a Qyu f x dk , d mfPp"B fcUnq

dgykr k gSA x
o
a b c
bl h i zd kj f x dk eku x b i j fufEu"B dgykr k
gS; fn , d y?kql a [ ; k > 0 bl i zd kj dh i zkIr dh
t k l dsfd
f (b) < f (x) x b , b
bl fLFkfr esax b Qyu dk, d fufEu"B fcUnqdgykr k
gS
A vr %ge ns[kr sgSafd ; fn h vfr y?kq/kukRed l a
[;k
gks] r ks
(i) x a , f x dk , d mfPp"B fcU
nqgS

f a f a h 0

f a f a h 0

(ii) x b , f x dk , d fufEu"B fcUnqgS

f b f b h 0

f b f b h 0
(iii) x c , f(x) dk u mfPp"B r Fkk u fufEu"B fcU
nqgS
f c f c h 0 ( ; k 0 )

f c f c h 0 ( ; k 0 )
fVIi . kh :
(i) mfPp"B , oafufEu"B fcUnq
v ksadkspj e fcUnqdgr sgS
A.
(ii) fdl h Qyu dsdbZmfPp"B r Fkk dbZfufEu"B fcUnqfo| eku gksl dr sgS
A
(iii) fdl h vUr j ky a,b esaQyu f(x) dk , d mfPp"B eku ml vUr j ky esaml dk vf/kdr e eku gksuk vko ; d
ughagSA bl h i zd kj , d fufEu"B eku Hkh Qyu dk U; w
ur e eku gksuk vko ; d ughagS
A , d fufEu"B eku , d
mfPp"B eku l scM+ k gksl dr k gS
A
(iv) fdl h vUr j ky a,b esaQyu f(x) dk vf/kdr e , oaU; w
ur e eku fuEu i zd kj fu/kkZ
fj r fd; k t kr gS

vf/kdr e eku = max. f a , f b , f c

ur e eku = min. f a , f b , f c
U; w

t gk x c , sl k fcUnqgSfd f ' c 0
(v) ; fn l a
r r Qyu dk , d gh mfPp"B
fufEu"BfcUnqgksr ksml fcUnqi j Qyu dk eku vf/kdr e
U; w
ur e
gksrk gS
A
(vi) , dfn"V Qyu dk dksbZpj e fcUnqughagksrk gS
aA

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 4

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
y
mnkgj .k 1: f x x dk x 0 . , d fufEu"B fcU
nq
gSA ; g bl dsfp=k 1 l svkl kuhl sns[kk
t k l dr k gS
A.
45 45
o x

fp=k 1
y

mnkgj .k 2: x = 0 Qyu f x x 2 dk, d mfPp"B o

x
fcUnqgSt ksl Eeq[ k fp=k 2 l svkl kuhl s
ns[kk t k l dr k gSA

fp=k 2
Qyu dsmfPp"B , oafufEu"B dsfy, i zfr cU/k :
vko ; d i zfr cU/k : fcUnqx a Qyu f x dk , d pj e fcUnqgksrk gS; fn f ' a 0 c kr sZ
a f ' a fo| eku gksA vr %

x a , d pj e fcU
nq f ' a 0
; k
f ' a 0 x a , d pj e fcU
nqugha

i j Ur qbl dk foykse l R; ughagS

] vFkkZ
r~
x a , d pj e fcU
f ' a 0 nqgS
a.
mnkgj .kkFkZ: f x x3 dsfy, f ' 0 0 i j Ur qx 0 bl Qyu dk pj e fcUnqughagSA
dy
i ; kZ
Ir i zfr ca
/k % tc dx
0

ekukfd x = b xzkQ esamfPp"B fcUnqgSbl fy, f(bh) vkS j f(b+h) , f(b) l sde gksxs(h cgqr NksVh /kukRed l a
[;k
gS) bl h i z
d kj ; fn x = c fufEu"V fcUnqgSr ksf(c h) vkS j f(c + h) , f(c) l svf/kd gksxk vkS
j x = f ft l dk fcUnq
f(f h) < f(f) vkSj f(f+h) > f (f) ugh mfp"V gSvkS j ugh fufEu"V fcUnqgS A
Ex. f(x) = 1 cos x i j x = 0, f (0) = 0 fdU r qf(0 h) > 0 vkSj f (0 + h) > 0. bl fy, x = 0 fufEu"V fcUnqgksxkA

dy dy
0 dy 0
dx 0 dx
dx

dy dy
0 0
dx dx dy
0
dx

x=b x=c
maxima maxima

dy dy
vkS
j ; fn dx
dk fcUnqi j fpUg /kukRed l s_ .kkRed gkst kr k gSr ksfcUnqmfPp"B gksxk ; fn dx
dk fpUg _ .kkRed
dy
l s/kukRed gkst kr k gSr ksfcUnqfufEu"V fcUnqgksxk ; fn dx
esadksbZi fj or Z
u ugh vkr k gSr ksog fcUnqufr i fj or Z
u
fcUnqdgykr k gS
A
dy dy dy
mnk- dx
= (x 1)2 (x 2) (x 3), ; gkx = 1, 2 vkS
j 3 ij dx
>0 vr %l a
[ ; kRed j s[kk l s dx > 0
x (2 , 3) . x = 1 ufr i fj or Z
u fcUnqgSvkS
j x = 2 mfPp"V vkS
j x = 3 fufEu"V fcUnqgS
A

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 5

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

d2 y d2 y
vkS
j ; fn dx 2 < 0 , r ksx = b i j fcU
nqmfPp"B vkS
j dx 2 > 0 , r ksx = c i j fcU
nqfufEu"V gksxkA
x b x c

d2 y dy dy
; gk dx 2 <0
dx
; fn b dsl ehi ?kVr k gSr ksge i gysl st kur sgSfd t c dx
/kukRed l s_ .kkRed
x b

dy
esai fj ofr Z
r gksrk gSr ksfcUnqmfPp"V gksxk ( vr % dx kl eku)

d2 y dy dy
vkS
j dx 2 > 0 ; fn
dx
fcUnqdspkj ksavksj c<r k gSr ksge t kur sgSfd t c
dx
t gk ] t gk _ .kkRed l s
x b

/kukRed escnyr k gSr ksfcUnqfufEu"V fcUnqgksrk gSA

i zf; k fof/k
Qyu f(x) ds pj . k eku Kkr dj us dsh dk; Z
d kj h fof/k
i n I y = f(x) ysa
A
dy
i n II dx Kkr dj sa
A

dy dy
i n III =0 j [ ksa, oabl l ehdj .k dksgy dj sA ekuk x = c1 , c2 , .......... , cn , =0 dsgy gSr ksbUga
dx dx
ge fLFkj fcUnqdgr sgS
A.
dy
i n IV ekukx = c1 vc ; fn dk fpUg /kukRed l s_ .kkRed gksrk gkst c x , c1 l sxq
t j r k gSr ksx = c1, i j
dx
Qyu , d LFkkuh; mfPp"B j [ kr k gS A ; fn , d _ .kkRed l s/kukRed esai fj ofr Z
r gksrk gSr ksx = c1 i j Qyu
, d LFkkuh; fufEu"B j [ kr k gS
at c fpUg i fj ofr Z
r u gksr ksbl fcUnqi j u r ksLFkkuh; mfPp"B gksxk vkS j u
LFkkuh; fufEu"BA
mfPp"B , oafufEu"B dsxq . k/keZ
; fn f x , d l a
r r Qyu gS
] r ks
(i) f x dsnksl eku ekuks
adse/; de l sde , d mfPp"B ; k fuEu"B eku fo| eku gksrk gS
A
(ii) mfPp"B , oafufEu"B , dkUr j e esafo| eku gksrsgS
A mnkgj .kkFkZ ; fn x 1,2,5 fdl h l a
r r Qyu dsr hu
pj e fcUnqgksar Fkk x 1 mfPp"B fcUnqgksr ks x 2 fufEu"B fcUnq, oa x 5 mfPp"B fcUnqgksxkA
dy
(iii) t c x mfPp"B fcUnql sxq
t j r k gSr ks dk fpUg /ku l s_ .k esacnyr k gSr Fkk fufEu"B fcUnql sxq
t j r k gS
dx
dy
r ks dk fpUg _ .k l s/ku esacnyr k gS
A
dx

dy
(iv) ; fn fdl h fcUnqi j dk fpUg vi fj ofr Z
r j gr k gSr ksog fcUnqpj e fcUnqughagksrk A
dx

1
(v) ; fn fdl h fcUnqi j f x dk eku mfPp"B
fufEu"Bgksr ksml fcUnqi j f x dk eku
; fn f x 0
fufEu"B
mfp"Bgksrk gS
A
(vi) ; fn fdl h fcUnqi j f x dk eku mfPp"B fuEu"Bgksr ks ml fcUnqi j fdl h k R dsfy, logf x ,Kf(x)
dk eku Hkh mfPp"B fufEu"Bgksrk gSAiq u%; fn k > 0 r Fkk f(x) > 0,
k
r ks k f x . f x dk eku Hkh mfPp"B
fuEu"Bgksrk gS
A

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 6

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
mfPp"B fufEu"B l Ecf/kr dq N T; kfefr ; ekud i fj . kke
(i) nh xbZi fj fefr okysvk; r dk {ks=kQy vf/kdr e r c gksrk gSt cfd og , d oxZgksA
(ii) fn, x, {ks=kQy dsvk; r dh i fj fefr U; w ur e r c gksrh gSt cfd og , d oxZgksA
(iii) fn, x, ok esa[ kha
pst kusokyk cMsl scMk vk; r , d oxZgksrk gS aA
(iv) fn, x, ok esavf/kdr e {ks=kQy dk f=kHkq t l eckgqf=kHkq
t gksrk gS
aA
(v) nh xbZfr ; Z
d pkbZvkS
j vf/kdr e vk; r u okys ka
q
d dk v/kZ kh"kZdks.k tan1 2 gksrk gS
A
2a
(vi) a f=kT; k dsxks
y sl sdkVst kusokysvf/kdr vk; r u okyscsy u dh pkbZ gksrh gS
A
3
dq
N egRoi w
. kZl w
=k
(i) l eckgqf=kHkq
t %
{ks=kQy ( 3 / 4 )x 2 , t gkx Hkq
t k dh yEckbZgS
A
(ii) oxZ%
{ks=kQy a2 , i fj fefr = 4a
t gk a oxZdh Hkq t k gSA
(iii) vk; r %
{ks=kQy = ab, i fj fefr = 2 a b
t gka, b vk; r dh Hkq
t k, gS
A
(iv) l eyEc pr qHkq
Z
t :
1
{ks=kQy a b h
2
t gka, b l ekUr j Hkq
t kvksadh yEckbZr Fkkh mudschp dh nw
j h gS
A
(v) ok %
{ks=kQy a2 , i fj fefr 2a ,
t gka ok dh f=kT; k gS
(vi) xksy k %
4
vk; r u a3 , i q
"B 4a2 ,
3
t gka xksy sdh f=kT; k gS
A
(vii) yEc oRr h; ka
d q%
1
vk; r u r 2h , oh; i q
"B rl ,
3
t gkr vk/kkj dh f=kT; k h pkbZr Fkk r h; Z
d pkbZgS
A
(viii) csyu %
vk; r u r 2h ,
l Ei w
. kZi "B 2r r h ,
t gkr vk/kkj dh f=kT; k , oah pkbZgS
A

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 7

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
vH; kl
1 ; fn f(x) = x 5 20x3 + 240 x, r ks f(x) gS
(A) l H
kh t xg , dfn"V o/kZ
eku (B) fl QZ(0, ) i j , d fn"V kl eku
(C) l H
kh t xg , dfn"V kl eku (D) fl QZ(, 0) i j , dfn"V o/kZ
eku
x
2 Qyu y = log x fuEu vUr j ky esao/kZ
eku gS
(A) (, 0) (B) (e, ) (C) (0, ) (D) (, e)
3 x> 0 d s fy , s fuEu es
al s d kS
u l k d Fku l gh gS
(A) x < log (1 + x) (B) x > log (1 + x) (C) x log (1 + x) (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
4 Qyu f(x) = 2log (x 2) x2 + 4x + 1 vUr j ky esa o/kZ
eku gS
(A) (1, 2) (B) (2, 3) (C) (, 1) (D) (2, 4)
5 ; fn a < 0 r ks Qyu (eax + eax) , dfn"V kl eku gksxk t cfd
(A) x < 0 (B) x > 0 (C) x > 1 (D) x < 1
6 Qyu f(x) = x100 + sin x 1 fuEu vUr j ky esao/kZ
eku gS
(A) (0, 1) (B) (/2, /2) (C) (1, 1) (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
7 fuEu vUr j ky esaf(x) = 2x2 log | x|, (x 0) , d fn"V kl eku gS
(A) (1/2, 1/2) (B) (, 1/2)
(C) (, 1/2) (0, 1/2) (D) (, 1/2) (1/2, )
8 ; fn f(x) = x 3 10x2 + 200x 10, r ks f(x) gS
(A) (, 10] es
akl eku r Fkk (10, ) esao/kZ
eku (B) (, 10] esao/kZ
eku r Fkk (10, ) esakl eku
(C) x d s i z
R; sd eku d s fy , s o/kZ
eku (D) x ds i z
R; sd eku d s fy , s kl eku
9 ; fn f(x) = sin x d k i zkUr D = {x: 0 x } gks, r ks f(x) gS
(A) D es
ao/kZ
eku (B) D es
akl eku
(C) [0, /2] es
akl eku r Fkk [/2, ] esao/kZ
eku (D) uk gh o/kZ
eku uk gh kl eku
2x
10 Qyu f(x) = log (1 + x) , d fn"V o/kZ
eku gSt cfd
1 x
(A) x < 0 (B) x > 1 (C) x R (D) x R0

11 f(x) = 2x tan1 x log (x + 1 x2 ) , d fn"V o/kZ

eku gSt cfd
(A) x > 0 (B) x < 0 (C) x R (D) x R0
12 ; fn f'(x) = g(x)(x )2 t gk g() 0 r Fkk g(x), x = i j l a
r r gks r ks Qyu f(x)
(A) d s fudV o/kZ
eku ; fn g () > 0 (B) d s fudV kl eku ; fn g () > 0
(C) d s fudV o/kZ
eku ; fn g () < 0 (D) g () dsi z
R; sd eku dsfy, s dsfudV o/kZ
eku
13 Qyu cos2 x+cos2(/3+x) cos x cos (/3 +x) ,x d s l Hkh okLr fod ekuksa d s fy , s gksxk
(A) o/kZ
eku (B) vpj (C) kl eku (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
14 ekuk f(x) > 0 r Fkk g(x) < 0 l Hkh x R d s fy, r c
(A) f{g(x)} > f{g(x + 1)} (B) f{g(x1)} < f{g(x + 1)}
(C) g{f(x1)} < g{f(x + 1)} (D) g{f(x)} > g{f(x 1)}
15 Qyu f ( x ) x e x tan(2 / 7) d s o/kZ
eku gksus d s fy , vUr j ky gksxk
(A) (0,) (B) (0) (C) (1, ) (D) d ks
bZugh

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 8

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
a
16 f ( x ) x 3 ax 2 bx 5 sin 2 x okLr fod l a
[ ; kvksadsl eq
Pp; , d o/kZ
eku Qy u gS; fn a r Fkkb fuEu kr Zl Ur q
"V
d j r s gS-
(A) a 2 3b 15 0 (B) a 2 3b 15 0 (C) a 2 3b 15 0 (D) a 0, b 0
17 sin3 x+ cos3 x d k mfPp"B eku gS

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3/2 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
18 ; fn Qyu f(x) d s fy , ,
f(A) = 0 =f(A) =... = f n 1(A) i j U
r qfn(A) 0 r ks x = a i j , f(x) fufEu"B gS
] ; fn
(A) n l e gSr Fkk fn (A) > 0 (B) n fo"ke gSr Fkk f n (A) > 0
(C) n l e gSr Fkk fn (A) < 0 (D) n fo"ke gSr Fkk f n (A) < 0
19 ; fn Qy u f(x) d sfy , , f(A) = 0 =f(A) = .... = f n 1(A) i j Ur qfn(A) 0 r ksx = a i j , f(x) mfPp"B gS
] ; fn
(A) n l e gSr Fkk f n(A) > 0 (B) n fo"ke gSr Fkk f n(A) > 0
(C) n l e gSr Fkk f n(A) < 0 (D) n fo"ke gSr Fkk f n(A) < 0
x y
20 ; fn 1, r ks x 2 + y2 d k fufEu"B eku gS

a b
2a 2b 2 a2b2 2ab
(A) (B) (C) (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
a b 2 2 2
a b 2
a b2
2

21 x = 0 i j ,f(x) = (3x)e2x 4xex x d s fy ,

(A) , d mfPp"B gS (B) , d fufEu"B gS
(C) u mfPp"B r Fkk u gh fufEu"B (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
22 i j oy; y = x 2 i j d kS
ul k fcUnq(3, 0) fcUnqd s fud Vr e gS
(A) (1, 1) (B) (1, 1) (C) (2, 4) (D) (2, 4)
23 ; fn Qy u a2 sec2 + b2 cosec2 a > 0, b > 0 d k eku fufEu"B gks] r ks cj kcj gS
(A) tan 1 (a / b) (B) tan1(a/b) (C) tan1(b/a) (D) tan 1 (b / a)

c4 a2 b2
24 o = + ds fy , r d k mfPp"B eku gS
r2 sin 2 cos 2
c2 ab c2
(A) (B) (C) (D)c2(a+ b)
ab c2 ab
25 ; fn Qy u f(x) = 2x 39ax 2+ 12a2x+ 1 (a > 0) d s mfPp"B r Fkk fufEu"B fcUnqe k%p r Fkk q gksa
, r ksa ds
fdl eku dsfy, l ehjd.k p = q l R; gS
2
(A) 0 (B) 0, 2 (C) 2 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha

26 5 cos +3 cos +3 d k mfPp"B eku gS

3
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 11 (D) 1
27 o y = 6 cos x 8 sin x d h x v{k d s i j vf/kd r e W
a
pkbZgS

(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
28 Qy u f(x) = cos[xe[x] +2x 2x], 1 < x < d k vf/kd r e eku gS
(A) 1 (B) 1 (C) 0 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
29 fdl h 20 l seh y EckbZokys r kj d kseksM+dj , d l sDVj cuk; k x; k gks] r ks bl dk vf/kd r e {ks=kQy gksxk
(A) 25 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugh

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 9

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

sin 2x
30 Qyu y sin( x / 4) d k vf/kd r e eku gS

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 1 / 2

31 ; fn a > 1, x > 1 r ks loga x + logx a d k fufEu"B eku gS

(A) 2 (B) 2 (C) 2a (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
32 ; fn < , r ks l gh d Fku gS

(A) sin > sin (B) sin < sin
(C) sin < sin + (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
33 f(x) = sin 2x x on [/2, /2] es
avf/kd r e r Fkk U; w
ur e ekuksad k va
r j gS

3 2 3 2 3 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 3 2 3
34 , d fuf pr fcUnq
(a, b), (a > 0, b > 0) l s [ kha
ph xbZj s[kk funsZ
kh; v{kksads/kukRed fn kk esaP, Q i j fey r h
gSr ks OP + OQ d k fufEu"B eku gS

e j e j
2 3
(A) a b (B) a b (C) a b (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
1
35 ; fn y = 2x 1 + okLr fod x d s fy, gks, r ks y d k U; w
ur e eku gS
2 x1
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 2
36 ; fn f(x) = (xa)2n(xb)2p + 1; n,p N, r ks
(A) x = a , d fufEu"B fcU
nqgS (B) x = a , d mfPp"B fcU
nqgS
(C) x = a u r ks mfPp"B u gh fufEu"B (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
37 a f=kT; k okys ok es
afufgr 2 kh"kZd ks.k oky k l ef} ckgqf=kHkq
t d k {ks=kQy vf/kd r e gksxk t c =
(A) /6 (B) /4 (C) /3 (D) /2
2
3 ) 2 27
38 2( x d k U; w
ur e eku gS
(A) 227 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) bues
al s d ksbZugha
2
|RS
; fn f ( x) 3 x 12x 1, 1 x 2 r ks
T|37 x,
39
2x 3

(A) f(x) , [1, 2] es

ao/kZ
eku gS (B) f(x) ,[1, 3] es
al a
r r gS
(C) f(x) , x =2 i j vf/kd r e gS (D) mi ; q
Z
Dr l Hkh

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 10

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl
mkj

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
A B B B A A C C D B C A B A B C
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
A A C B C B D A C B B B A A A B
33 34 35 36 37 38 39
C B B C A A D

, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 11

 fo|;keafnj Dyklsl

NOTES

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, dfn"Vr k] mfPp"B , oafufEu"B 12