County Louth S New Development Plan 2009 2015

Louth County Development Plan
2009 - 2015
Land of Legends - Land of Opportunities
Addendum to Louth County Developemnt Plan 2009 2015
Please note as per Part 4: Comments in respect to the Stage 2 Appropriate

Assessment of the Managers Report on the Amendments to the Draft Plan, the
following changes to the policies listed below will be included in the final printed
version of the Plan. (Changes are illustrated in red.)
CON 14 To resist any development that would be harmful or that would result in
a significant deterioration of habitats or disturbance of species in a
SAC, subject to the preparation of an appropriate assessment
exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive.
CON 33 To promote and protect established public rights of way to

heritage sites and features of archaeological interest, coastal areas,
mountains, rivers, lakes, geological and geomorphic systems and other
natural amenities, subject to the preparation of an appropriate
assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU Habitats Directive.
RD19 To increase the quality of beaches in the county and in so doing

contribute to the development of the tourism industry and to the
enjoyment of the facilities, subject to the preparation of an
appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU
Habitats Directive.
RA 7 To protect the amenity value of the coast and improve public

access to coastal amenities, including the provision of car parking
facilities at popular beaches, subject to the preparation of an appropriate
RA 8 To protect areas at risk from coastal erosion and flooding, subject

to available resources, subject to the preparation of an appropriate
TC 27 To ensure that there is sufficient land available for port expansion and
related uses and to support the development and expansion of the ports
of Drogheda, Dundalk, Greenore and Clogherhead, subject to the
preparation of an appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions
of the EU Habitats Directive.
TC 31 To investigate the possibility of developing linear cycle routes utilizing

existing natural or manmade corridors such as riversides and
abandoned road and rail infrastructure, subject to the preparation of an
appropriate assessment exercise under the provisions of the EU
Habitats Directive.
Contents
Chapter1: Introduction
Page
1.1 Introduction 1
1.1.1 Plan Coverage 1
1.1.2 Plan Title 1
1.1.3 Legal Status 2
1.2 Review of the Louth County Development Plan 2003 2009 3
1.3 Vision for County Louth 3
1.4 Strategic Objectives 4
1.5 Content and Format 5

1.5.1 Format of the Plan 5
1.5.2 Formal Notification of intention to prepare a Draft Plan 5
1.5.3 Pre Draft Public Consultation 5
1.5.4 Stakeholders and Prescribed bodies 6
1.5.5 Managers Report 6
1.5.6 Strategic Environmental Assessment 6
1.5.7 Additions to and Deletion from the Record of
Protected Structures 6
1.5.8 Local Area Plans 7
1.6 Development Plan Context 7

1.6.1 European Plans and Programmes 8
1.6.2 National and Regional Level 8
1.6.3 Local level 10
1.7 Social Inclusion 11

1.7.1 Planning for Social Inclusion 11
1.7.2 Age Friendly Society 12
1.8 County Profile 12
1.9 Population trends for the Future Development of County Louth 14

1.9.1 Age Profile 16
1.9.2 Population Growth 17
Chapter 2: Conservation and Heritage
2.1 Introduction 21
2.2 Wider Benefits of Maintaining a Quality Natural and

Built Heritage 21
2.3 Natural Heritage and Biodiversity 21
2.3.1 Heritage 22
2.3.2 Louth Heritage Plan 2007 2011 22
2.4 Landscape Character Assessment 23
2.5 Biodiversity 25
2.5.1 EU Policy on Biodiversity 25
2.6 The Natural Environment 26
2.6.1 Local Amenities 26

2.6.2 Proposed Natural Heritage Areas (pNHA) 26
2.6.3 Sites of Geological Interest 28
2.6.4 European Sites 30
2.6.5 Trees and Woodlands 33
2.7 The Built Environment 37
2.7.1 Archaeology 37
2.7.2 Protected Structures 38
2.7.3 Architectural Conservation Areas 40
2.7.4 Heritage Parks and Designed Landscapes 41
2.7.5 Vernacular Architectural Heritage 43
Chapter 3: Rural Development and Natural Resources

3.1 Introduction 45
3.2 National and Regional Policy 45
3.2.1 National Spatial Strategy 45

3.2.2 Regional Planning Guidelines for the Border Region 45
3.2.3 Rural Development Programme 20072013 45

3.2.4 CLR Programme (Ceantair Laga rd Riachtanais) 46
3.2.5 Rural Environmental Protection Scheme (REPS) 47
3.3 Rural Development Strategy 48
3.3.1 Rural Enterprise 48
3.4 Agriculture 49
3.4.1 Agricultural Buildings 51
3.5 Rural Tourism and Coastal Areas 52

3.5.1 Coastal Areas 52
3.5.2 National Coastal Protection Strategy Study 53
3.5.3 Proposed Coastal Protection Measures 53
3.5.4 Development on the Foreshore 54
3.6 Forestry 54
3.7 Energy 55
3.8 Extractive Industry and Building Materials Production 55
3.8.1 Development Management Criteria 56
3.9 Residential Development in Rural Areas 57
3.10 Development Zones 57
3.10.1 Development Zone 1 58

3.10.6 Summary of Strategy Objectives for each
Development Zone 1 to 5 60
Chapter 4: Settlement Strategy

4.1 Introduction 63
4.2 Population Distribution 64
4.3 Settlement Hierarchy 64
4.3.1 Level 1: Dundalk 65

4.3.2 Level 1: Drogheda 66
4.3.3 Level 2: Ardee 67
4.3.4 Level 2: Dunleer 67
4.3.5 Level 3: Category I Settlements 68
4.3.6 Level 4: Category II (a) Settlements 68
4.3.7 Level 5: Category II (b) Settlements 69
4.4 County Based Local Area Needs 69
4.4.1 Development Management Assessment Criteria

for Category II(a) and (b) Settlements 70
4.5 Rural Housing 71

4.5.1 National Spatial Strategy 2002 (NSS) 72
4.5.2 Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005 72
4.6 One Off Rural Housing Policy 73
4.6.1 Local Needs 73

4.6.2 Qualifying Criteria 74
4.6.3 Local Area 74
4.6.4 Development Management Assessment Criteria
for One-Off Rural Housing 75
4.6.5 Clustered Housing Developments 76
4.6.6 Replacement Houses 76
4.6.7 Refurbishment of Existing Dwellings in Rural Areas 77
4.6.8 Accommodation for Dependant Relatives 78
4.6.9 Site Size 78
4.6.10 Ribbon Development 79
4.6.11 Infill Development 79
4.6.12 Extensions to Dwellings 80
4.6.13 Access 80
4.6.14 Garages 81
4.6.15 Roadside Boundaries 81
4.6.16 Wastewater 82
4.7 Rural Housing Design and Siting Criteria 82
4.7.1 Site Sensitive Design 83

4.7.2 Build into the Landscape 83
4.7.3 Build, Shape and Plant to Create Further Shelter 85

4.7.4 Presence in the Landscape Scale and Form 86
4.7.5 Proportions 87
4.7.6 Materials 87
4.7.7 Boundaries 87
4.7.8 Details 89
Chapter 5: Residential and Community Facilities
5.1 Introduction 93
5.2 Louth Housing Strategy 93

5.2.1 Residential Mix 95
5.3 Social Housing 95
5.3.1 Housing Programme 95

5.3.2 Affordable Housing Scheme 95
5.3.3 Rental Accommodation Scheme 96
5.3.4 Social Housing Investment Programme 2009 96
5.3.5 Voluntary Housing and Cooperative Sector 96
5.3.6 Traveller Accommodation 97
5.4 Residential Development 97
5.5 Master Plans 98
5.5.1 Checklist for the Preparation of Master Plans 99
5.6 Homezone Principles 99
5.7 Energy Performance of Dwellings 100
5.8 Housing Layout Guidelines 101
5.8.1 Housing Layout 102

5.8.2 Security and Defensible Space 102
5.8.3 Flexibility 102
5.8.4 Access for all 102
5.8.5 Lifetime Housing 102
5.8.6 Building Lines 102
5.8.7 Bus Routes and Stops 103
5.8.8 Pedestrian and Cycle Infrastructure 103
5.8.9 School Transport 104
5.9 Residential Standards 104
5.9.1 Density 104

5.9.2 Private Amenity Space 105
5.9.3 Public Open Space 106
5.9.4 Car Parking Provision 108
5.9.5 Privacy and Spacing between buildings 108
5.9.6 Internal Space Requirements 108
5.9.7 Waste Storage 111
5.9.8 Building Heights 112
5.9.9 Naming of Estates 112
5.9.10 Public Art 113
5.9.11 Management 113
5.9.12 Taking in Charge of Housing Estates 113
5.10 Community Facilities 113
5.11 Schools and Education 114
5.12 Childcare Facilities 115
5.13 Nursing Homes 116
5.14 Primary Health Facilities 116

5.15 Community Buildings and Sports Facilities 117
5.16 Disabled Persons 118
5.17 The Library Service 118
5.18 Emergency Services 118
Chapter 6: Recreation and Amenity
6.1 Introduction 119
6.2 Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy

and Louth Play Policy 119
6.3 Environment and Amenities 120
6.3.1 Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty 120
6.3.2 Areas of High Scenic Quality 121
6.4 The Coastline 120
6.5 Scenic Routes 121
6.6 Views and Prospects of Special Amenity Value 121
6.7 Walks and Cycle Paths 123
6.7.1 Walks 123

6.7.2 Cycling 124
6.8 Amenity Schemes 124
Chapter 7: Economic Development, Employment and Tourism

7.1.1 County Louth Economic Development Strategy 128
7.1.2 Employment Opportunities in smaller Towns and Villages 130
7.1.3 Development at Motorway Interchanges 130
7.1.4 Cross Border Economic Co-Operation 131
7.1.5 Adoption of a Partnership Approach 132
7.1.6 Employment Trends and Opportunities 132
7.1.7 Employment Sectors 133
7.2 Development Management Standards for Industrial and

Commercial Developments 133
7.2.1 Landscaping and Amenity 134
7.2.2 Surface Water Drainage 134
7.2.3 Sustainable Design 134
7.2.4 Car Parking, Loading and Unloading Provision 135
7.2.5 Design 135
7.2.6 Site coverage and Plot Ratios 135
7.2.7 Open Storage 135
7.2.8 Roads and Footpaths 135
7.2.9 Nuisance 135
7.2.10 Trade Effluent Discharges 136
7.2.11 Public Water Supplies 136
7.2.12 Fire Prevention 136
7.2.13 Building Regulations 136
7.2.14 Signage 136
7.2.15 Public Artwork 136
7.3 Commerce and Retail 136

7.3.1 Introduction 136
7.3.2 Louth Retail Strategy 2009 137
7.3.3 Town and Village Centres 139
7.3.4 Town and large Centre Environments 140
7.3.5 Architectural Conservation Areas and
Protected Structures 142
7.3.6 Living over the Shop 140
7.3.7 Shopfronts 140
7.3.8 Security Shutters 141
7.3.9 Canopies and Blinds 141
7.3.10 Signage 142
7.3.11 Site Coverage 142
7.3.12 Height 142
7.3.13 Overshadowing and Overlooking 142
7.3.14 Car Parking Provision 143
7.4 Tourism 143
7.4.1 Introduction 143

7.4.2 Tourist Attractions 143
7.5 Regional Tourism Policy 144
7.5.1 Tourism Plan 2008 2012 144

7.5.2 Co-Operation with other Bodies 144
7.5.3 Cross Border Geologically Themed Project 145
7.5.4 Narrow Water Bridge 146
7.5.5 Oriel 2012 146
7.5.6 Boyne Valley 146
7.5.7 Monasterboice 147
7.6 Tourist Accommodation 147

7.6.1 Hotel, Guest House and Bed and Breakfast 147
7.6.2 Holiday Homes and Self-Catering Accommodation 148
7.6.3 Caravan Parks 148
7.6.4 Budget Hostels 149
7.7 Tourism Related Signage 149
Chapter 8: Transport and Communications
8.1.1 Louth County Development Plan 2003 2009 152
8.2 National Transportation Policy 152
8.2.1 Transport 21 152

8.2.2 A Sustainable Transport Future A New Transport 152
Policy for Ireland 2009-2020
8.2.3 National Roads Authority Policy Statement on
Development Management and Access to National
Roads 153
8.3 Road Infrastructure 154
8.3.1 Motorways 154

8.3.2 Motorway Services 154
8.3.3 National Routes 155
8.3.4 Regional and Local Roads 155
8.4 Protected National and Regional Routes 156
8.5 Entrances 157
8.6 Vehicle Parking Standards 159
8.7 Roads Improvement Programme 2008 2015 160
8.8 Gateway and Hub Links 161
8.9 Transport Audit and Mapping 161
8.10 Public Transport 162
8.11 Rail Transport 162
8.11.1 Drogheda Navan Rail Link 163

8.11.2 Rail Based Park and Ride Facilities 163
8.12 Bus Transport 163

8.12.1 Bus Based Park and Ride Facilities 163
8.13 Rural Transport Programme 164
8.14 Ports 165
8.15 Airports 166
8.16 Cycling and Walking 166
8.17 Communications 166
8.17.1 Telecommunications 166

8.17.2 Broadband 167
8.17.3 Open Access Ducting 167
8.17.4 Land Based Telephony 168
8.17.5 Mobile Telephony 168
8.17.6 Development Management Assessment Criteria for
Telecommunication Structures 168
8.17.7 Obsolete Telecommunication Structures 169
8.17.8 Domestic Satellite Dishes 169
Chapter 9: Energy
9.2 EU and National Policy 171
9.3 Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI) 172
9.4 Electricity Transmission Power Lines 172
9.5 Natural Gas Supply Network 173
9.6 Renewable Energy 174
9.6.1 Wind Energy 174

9.6.2 Solar Energy 176
9.6.3 Bioenergy 176
9.6.4 Wave Energy 176
9.6.5 Tidal and Ocean Energy 177
9.6.6 Sustainable Energy Efficiency Considerations
I in Buildings 177
9.7 Guidelines for Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in

Buildings 178
Chapter 10: Environment
10.2 European, National and Regional Policy 183
10.3 Environmental noise 184
10.3.1 Noise Action Plan 2008 184
10.4 Water Quality 185
10.4.1 The Water Framework Directive 2000 185
10.4.2 River Basin District Management Plans 185
10.4.3 River Basin Management Planning Guidance

for Public Authorities 186
10.5 Natural Water Systems and Groundwater 186
10.6 Nitrate Vulnerable Zones 187
10.7 On Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems 188
10.7.1 Design and Installation of On Site Wastewater

Treatment and Disposal Systems 189
10.8 North East Region Waste Management Plan for the 2005 2010 189
10.9 Seveso Sites 190
10.10 Derelict Sites 190
10.11 Veterinary Services 190
Chapter 11: Water Services

11.1 Water Services 193
11.2 Context 193
11.3 Water Supply 195

11.3.1 Capital Investment Programme: Water 196
11.3.2 Water Supply: Current Status 197
11.4 Wastewater 200
11.4.1 Capital Investment Programme 200
11.4.2 Wastewater Schemes: Current Status 201
11.4.3 Private Wastewater Treatment Systems 203
11.5 Water Conservation 204
11.6 Surface Water Drainage and Flooding 205
11.6.1 Surface Water Drainage 205

11.6.2 Flooding 206
11.6.3 Sequential Approach to Flood Risk 206
Chapter 12: Implementation and Monitoring

12.2 Local Area Plans 209
12.3 Public Funding 209
12.3.1 Section 48 Contributions Scheme 212
12.3.2 Section 49 Contribution Scheme 212
12.4 Private Funding 212
12.4.1 Private Sector 212
12.4.2 Public Private Partnerships 212
12.5 Bonds 213
12.6 Phasing 213
12.7 Enforcement 213
12.8 Monitoring and Review 213

List of Tables Page
1.1 Local Area Plans 7

1.2 Population of County Louth 1986 to 2006 14
1.3 Population Changes (excluding Drogheda Borough and
Dundalk Town) 2002 to 2006 15
1.4 County and Settlement Growth Projections Applying Regional
Growth Figures and excluding NSS Settlement Targets 18
1.5 Settlement Growth Applying Regional Growth Figures and Including
NSS Settlement Targets 18
1.6 Projected Population for the Border Region 2011 2026 18
1.7 Projected Population for County Louth 2011 2026 19
1.8 Target Population Allocation 19
2.1 Landscape Area Classification 23
2.2 Proposed Natural Heritage Areas 28
2.3 Candidate Sites of Geological Interest 29
2.4 Special Areas of Conservation 31
2.5 Special Protection Areas 32
2.6 Champion Trees 33
2.7 Trees Protected by Tree Preservation Orders 34
2.8 Trees and Woodlands of Special Amenity Value 35
2.9 Areas of Special Archaeological Interest 38
2.10 Heritage Gardens and Designed landscapes 42
3.1 Farm Sizes in County Louth 50
3.2 Programmes of Priority Work for Coastal Areas 53
3.3 Strategic Objectives for Development Zones 1 to 5 60
4.1 Population Distribution in County Louth 64
4.2 Settlement Hierarchy 64
4.3 Permitted Densities within Category II(a) Settlements 69
4.4 Permitted One Off Houses 2001 to 2008 71
4.5 House Size and Site Area Ratio 79
5.1 Part V Social and Affordable Housing 94
5.2 Voluntary Housing Output 96
5.3 Assessment Criteria Urban Design Guidance 97
5.5 Residential Densities for Towns and Villages with less than 5000
Population 105
5.6 Private Amenity Space Standards 106
5.7 Qualitative Standards for Public Open Space 107
5.8 Residential Car Parking Standards 108
5.9 Space Provision and Room Sizes for Typical Dwellings 109
5.10 Minimum Floor Areas and Standards for Apartments 110
5.11 Minimum Aggregate floor areas for Living / Dining / Kitchen Rooms
and Minimum Width for the main Living / Dining rooms 111
5.12 Minimum Bedroom Floor areas and Widths 111
5.13 Minimum Aggregate Bedroom Floor Areas 111
5.14 Minimum Storage Space Requirements 111
5.15 Minimum Floor Areas for Main Apartment Balconies 111
5.16 Provision of Waste Storage 112
5.17 Primary Schools in County Louth 115
5.18 Post Primary Schools in County Louth 115
6.1 Existing and Proposed Playground Facilities 119
6.2 Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty 120
6.3 Areas of High Scenic Quality 121
6.4 Scenic Routes 121
6.5 Views and Prospects 122
6.6 Amenity Schemes 125
7.1 Key Development Opportunities for Louth as identified by County
Louth Economic Development Strategy 128
7.2 Sectoral Breakdown of Employment in County Louth 133
7.3 Percentage Increase in Retail floor space between 2001 2008 138
7.4 County Retail Hierarchy 138
8.1 National Routes in County Louth 155
8.2 National Routes Restrictions and Exemption on Access 156
8.3 Protected Regional Routes Restrictions and Exemptions on Access 157
8.4 Minimum Visibility Standards 158
8.5 Vehicle Dwell Areas 158
8.6 Car Parking Requirements 159
8.7 Motorways and National Routes 162
8.8 Regional Routes 160
8.9 Strategic New Roads 160
8.10 Proposed Capital Works Programmes 161
11.1 Capital Investment Programmes 196
11.2 Public Water Schemes 198
11.3 Private Group Water Schemes 199
11.4 Wastewater Capital Investment Programme 201
11.5 Wastewater Schemes: Current Status 202
List of Figures Page
Fig. 1.1 Distribution of Population, by Age and Sex in County Louth 2006 17
Fig. 3.1 Farm Types in County Louth 50
Fig. 4.1 House Set into the Landscape 83
Fig 4.2 Breaking the Skyline 84
Fig 4.3 Secluded Site 84
Fig 4.4 Dwellings Set into the Landscape 85
Fig 4.5 Exploit the Sun 85
Fig 4.6 Simple Form 86
Fig 4.7 Complicated and Alien Forms 86
Fig 4.8 Proportions 87
Fig 4.9 Roadside Frontage 88
Fig 4.10 Chimney Detail 89
Fig 4.11 Window Arrangement 90
Fig 4.12 Window Glazing 90
Fig 4.13 Dormer Windows 90
Fig. 8.1 Visibility Splays 199
Fig. 11.1 Types of Water Supply 197
Fig. 11.2 Types of Sewerage Facilities 203
List of Maps Page
Map 1.1 Percentage Population Change 2002 2006 16

Map 2.1 Landscape Character Areas Map 24
Map 2.2 Location and Extent of proposed Natural 27
Map 2.3 Candidate sites of Geological Interest Map *
Map 2.4 Location and Extent of SACs 30
Map 2.5 Location and Boundaries of SPAs 32
Map 2.6 Trees Protected by Tree Preservation Orders 34
Map 2.7 Trees and Woodlands of Special Amenity Value 36
Map 3.1 CLR Area, County Louth 47
Map 3.2 Development Zones *
Map 6.1 Location and boundaries of Areas of Outstanding Natural
Beauty and Areas of High Scenic Quality 124
Map 6.2 Scenic Routes and Views and Prospects *
Map 6.3 The Tain Way 128
Map 9.1 Areas of Suitability to Wind Development 179
*These maps are llustrated in the Appendices.

Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
The Louth County Development Plan 2009 2015 outlines an overall strategy for the
proper planning and sustainable development of County Louth over the timescale of the
Plan. Spatial planning through the development plan endeavours to achieve balance
between the common good and the interests of individual persons. To date there is an
excellent record of participation and partnership at local level between Louth County
Council, public agencies, service providers, the private sector and the community in
general.
This Plan builds on the review of the Louth County Development Plan 2003 2009,
taking account of recent key development trends, national, regional and local policy
developments and EU legislative requirements, including the application of Strategic
Environmental Assessment to certain plans and programmes. The Plan addresses the
planning authoritys specific areas of responsibility such as roads and sanitary services,
housing, settlement strategy, conservation, heritage, community and social
infrastructure. It also sets out a longer term vision for the manner in which the county can
be developed and its environment protected and enhanced, employing the principles of
sustainable development. Sustainable development is at the core of the planning
process, reflecting increasing environmental concerns which have become the focus of
national and international policies over recent years. Sustainable development is defined
by Brundtland as, development which meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Further detail
on Louth County Councils commitment to sustainable development is contained
throughout the Plan.
1.1.1 Plan Coverage
The area of the Plan covers the administrative area of County Louth, excluding the
municipal boundaries of Dundalk Town Council together with Dundalks environs which
are the subject of the Dundalk and Environs Development Plan 2009 2015. The
municipal boundaries of Drogheda Borough Council are also excluded. The Plan does
not set out detailed policies for individual towns and villages within the county with the
exception of the Category II (a) and II (b) Settlements. The detailing of policies for
individual towns and villages throughout the county will be achieved through a review of
the existing local area plans which will commence during the Plans operating period.
1.1.2 Plan Title
The Plan shall be titled Louth County Development Plan 2009 - 2015.
Louth County Development Plan 2009 2015 1

Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1.3 Legal Status
This Plan is prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Planning and
Development Acts 2000 - 2006. Upon adoption, it will supersede the existing Louth
County Development Plan 2003 2009. In accordance with Section 9(1) of the Planning
and Development Act 2000, every planning authority is required to review its existing
development plan and make a new development plan every six years.
Under the above legislation, the new plan is required to set out an overall strategy for the
proper planning and sustainable development of the county. It must also be consistent
with such national plans, policies or strategies that relate to proper planning and
sustainable development. The Plan must also include a number of mandatory objectives
for the:
Zoning of land (within urban areas only)

Provision of infrastructure
Conservation and protection of the environment
Integration of social, community and cultural requirements with planning
Sustainable development of the area
Preservation of the character of the landscape
Protection of structures and preservation of architectural conservation areas (ACAs)
Renewal and development of areas in need of regeneration
Provision of traveller accommodation
Preservation, improvement and extension of amenities
Major Accidents Directive (Seveso sites)
Provision of community facilities
The Planning and Development Act 2000 is the principal act pertaining to planning and
development legislation in Ireland. This Act consolidated all previous planning legislation,
clarifying and simplifying the legislative framework into one self-contained piece of
legislation. The 2000 Act remains the basis for the Irish planning code, setting out the
detail of regional planning guidelines, development plans and local area plans as well as
the basic framework of the development management system.
There have been some of changes to the legislation since 2000, the most significant of
which are set out below;
The Planning and Development (Amendment) Act 2002 which made changes to Part
V of the 2000 Act and the preparation of local area plans.
The Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2004, which made substantial changes
to Part V of the Planning and Development Act 2000.
The Planning and Development (Strategic Infrastructure) Act 2006, which provided
for, among other things, the establishment of a streamlined consent procedure for
certain types of major infrastructure and the creation of a specialised division within
An Bord Pleanla to make decisions in relation to such projects.
2
Louth County Development Plan 2009 - 2015
1.2 Review of the Louth County Development Plan 2003 - 2009

The years 2003 2009 witnessed a period of unprecedented economic growth and
development across County Louth in tandem with the nation as a whole. The 2003 -
2009 County Development Plan sets a framework for the physical, social and economic
development of County Louth and the preservation, protection and enhancement of the
Countys heritage and amenities. This enabled a strategic response in land-use terms,
to sustain population growth over the plan period. The Plan contained a settlement
strategy which recognized the considerable development pressures which Louth was
experiencing due to its proximity to the greater Dublin area and furthermore, to its
strategic position at the centre point of the Dublin - Belfast corridor. This geographic
advantage has been further enhanced through the completion of a number of key
transportation projects through the course of the current plan which contributed to
County Louth becoming one of the most accessible locations in the state. These factors
must be added to the inherent attractiveness of the county itself as a place to live, given
the wealth of manmade and natural attractions which are contained within its borders.
The 2003 2009 County Development Plan also played a key role in setting the context
for the preparation of a number of important subject led instruments which were
subsequently adopted by the council. These included the Housing Strategy and Retail
Strategy.
1.3 Vision for County Louth

County Louth, although the smallest county in Ireland, is one of the most densely
populated and urbanised outside Dublin. This is due to the presence within its borders of
two of the largest provincial towns in the country, Dundalk and Drogheda. The 2006
Census of Population gives the population of the county at 110,894.
By reason of its strategic location on the Dublin - Belfast economic corridor, accessibility
to east coast ports and international airports and the much improved road and rail
infrastructure, the county is well placed to continue to grow in population and economic
terms into the foreseeable future.
The challenge facing Louth County Council, in partnership with Dundalk Town Council
and Drogheda Borough Council, the private sector and voluntary groups, is to promote
and regulate the future development of the county in a manner that will improve living
standards and enable the social and cultural development of its inhabitants without
jeopardising the ability of future generations of Louth people to do likewise. This in
essence is the fundamental principle of sustainable development that is a recurring
theme throughout the Plan.
The vision for County Louth into the future is of a place:

Where people want to live, work, visit and invest now and in the future
That is well planned, well managed, safe and inclusive
Where there exists equality of opportunity for all
3
The vision for County Louth as enshrined in this Plan is attainable. It seeks to deliver
through the planning process, in partnership with the community and other stakeholders,
a prosperous and thriving county where no individual or social group is excluded from
the benefits of development. It also enshrines the principle of environmental, economic
and social sustainability including protection of the countys resources, heritage and the
natural and built environment.
1.4 Strategic Objectives

The realisation of this vision will be pursued by seeking to secure the following
overall strategic objectives of the Plan:
1. Direct new development in accordance with the settlement strategy which will provide for
the sustainable development of the county for the period 2009 to 2015 and beyond. This
will require development to be accessible, energy efficient and to include high quality
infrastructure and services.
2. Facilitate the implementation of a countywide economic renaissance through

implementation of the Economic Development Strategy for County Louth 2009 2015.
This will, insofar as is possible, seek to provide employment opportunities at locations
that are near to the majority of the countys inhabitants.
3. Facilitate and promote the economic development of the county, based on the
exploitation of its favourable location on the mid point of Dublin Belfast corridor and the
connectivity which this provides to external markets and services.
4. Provide a framework for the management and regulation of development and use of land
that will guide day to day planning decisions.
5. Protect and nurture the countys rich natural and manmade resources, heritage and
other amenities in accordance with plans and policies developed to specifically address
these areas, in order that the full potential of the county can be realised, particularly in
terms of attracting tourists and visitors to the county.
6. Planning for greater social inclusion and improvements to the quality of life of all the
inhabitants of the county.
7. Protection of rural communities in a sustainable manner by encouraging compact

development in the countys smaller towns and villages and by protecting the open
countryside from urban generated and unsustainable one off housing.
8. Provide a framework for sustainable development through efficient energy use and
facilitate an increase in the use of renewable energy.
9. Secure the provision of high quality physical infrastructure to trigger and support
appropriate development within the county.
4
10. Recognition of the value of people as a resource to be cherished within families,

communities and the economy. This will be achieved in the Plan through optimising
opportunities for health, education and welfare.
11. To fully realise the potential of County Louth in the context of its strategic location within
the State and the Border Region, having regard in particular to the role of the Dundalk
Gateway and Drogheda Primary Development Centre as drivers and catalysts for
development within the region and to forge strong economic links on a cross border
basis with Northern Ireland and adjoining counties.
1.5 Content and Format

1.5.1 Format of the Plan
The Plan comprises of this written statement with supporting maps. The written
statement includes objectives where applicable and policies for the development and
use of land. In the event of any conflict or ambiguity between what is contained within
the written statement and the supporting maps, the written statement will take
precedence.
1.5.2 Formal Notification of the intention to prepare a Draft Plan
In accordance with section II of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 and Article 13B
of the Planning and Development (Strategic Environmental Assessment) Regulations
2004, a notice was published in the local press, namely the Argus (Dundalk), the
Dundalk Democrat and the Drogheda Independent during the week commencing 1st April
2008. The notice outlined the intention of the council to review the County Development
Plan 2003 2009 and to prepare a new plan for 2009 - 2015. It also informed the public
that the planning authority would carry out a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)
as part of the review process and prepare an environmental report on the likely
significant effects on the environment resulting from the implementation of the Plan
together, with associated mitigation measures.
1.5.3 Pre-Draft Public Consultation
The review process of the Plan commenced with the council advertising its intention to
review the existing development plan and to prepare a new one. Submissions in respect
of the review and the making of the Plan were invited over a specified period.
Consultation was carried out with the general public and other interested and relevant
bodies during this period. This is commensurate with one of the key requirements of the
Planning and Development Acts 2000 2006 which emphasizes the need for
widespread public consultation and seeking submissions and observations on the
content of the proposed plan from a wide range of stakeholders including service
providers, developers, public agencies, government departments and members of the
public. The council engaged in an extensive consultation process. Facilitated sessions
with council staff and elected members were organised during March and April 2008.
These sessions informed the preparation of the Issues Paper. The Issues Paper was
then published and widely distributed to statutory bodies, stakeholders, service
providers, elected members.
5
Flyers were delivered to every household within County Louth. These provided a brief
summary of the main issues of what the review of the Plan and the making of a new one
involved and details on how to make a submission. They included a tear-off postage paid
reply card. The Issues Paper and comment sheets were also posted on the internet to
enable comments and observations to be submitted through this medium.
An exhibition was placed on display in the lobby area of Louth County Hall, Dundalk, for
the full duration of the eight week consultation period. Each Thursday, members from the
forward planning team were available for drop-in meetings to facilitate anyone who
wished to discuss issues, policies or any matter which they considered to be important in
formulating the new development plan. In addition, the forward planning team ran public
consultation events in Drogheda, Dundalk and Ardee. These events included formal
presentations, question and answer sessions and meetings with members of the public.
Additional presentations and discussion sessions were organised to facilitate input from
Louth Community Forum, Drogheda Chamber of Commerce and Ardee Town Council.
1.5.4 Stakeholders and Prescribed bodies
All prescribed bodies, stakeholders and service providers were contacted by letter and
invited to make submissions. There were a number of subsequent meetings with
individual bodies where issues that they considered important in the review and making
of the Plan were discussed. Submissions received were included in the managers
report.
A list of all the bodies notified is set out in appendix 1 of the Plan.
1.5.5 Managers Report
A managers report was prepared by the county manager on the submissions and
observations received (212) and on all matters arising from the above consultations. This
contains a list of the persons who made submissions or observations, a summary of the
issues raised, the opinion of the manager taking account of the proper planning and
sustainable development of the area and the statutory obligations of the local authority
and finally, recommendations on the policies to be contained in the draft plan.The
manager's report was circulated to elected members, who had a ten week period to
consider it. On the 3rd October 2008 the members issued directions to the manager to
proceed with the preparation of the draft development plan.
1.5.6 Strategic Environmental Assessment
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is the formal systematic evaluation of the

likely significant environmental effects of implementing the Plan prior to its adoption. An
Environmental Baseline Report examines the likely significant environmental impacts of
the policies and objectives of the Plan.
1.5.7 Additions to and Deletions from the Record of Protected Structures (RPS)
Where the Plan includes provision relating to any addition to or deletion from the record
of protected structures, the council will serve on each person who is the owner or
6
occupier of a proposed protected structure or a protected structure to be deleted, a

notice of the proposed addition to or deletion from the RPS. This will include the details
of the rationale behind the proposal.
1.5.8 Local Area Plans
In accordance with Sections (18), (19) and (20) of the Planning and Development Act
2000, provision is made for the making of local area plans for any area falling under the
jurisdiction of a planning authority. Section 19(1) (b) imposes an obligation on a planning
authority to prepare local area plans in respect of any area which is designated as a
town in the most recent census of population, has a population in excess of 2000 and is
situated within the functional area of a planning authority. The Ardee Local Area Plan is
the only mandatory local area plan required under the planning Acts.
In the context of Louth, the need for the creation of a series of local area plans grew out
of the unprecedented levels of development. The purpose of these local area plans is to
provide a more detailed framework and response to the development needs of specific
towns and villages within the overall framework of the Plan. An important feature of this
process is that it provides an opportunity for local communities to participate in the
preparation of the plan for their own area. The plans also contain more specific
proposals in terms of the use of land and zoning objectives.
Under the County Development Plan 2003-2009, a total of fifteen local area plans where
prepared for the settlements listed below. In addition to these a local area plan was
prepared for the North Drogheda Environs.
Table 1.1: Local Area Plans
Annagassan Dunleer
Ardee Knockbridge
Castlebellingham/Kilsaran Louth
Carlingford Tallanstown
Clogherhead Termonfeckin/Baltray
Collon Tullyallen
Dromiskin Omeath
The council will commence the review process of the various local area plans upon
completion of this Plan.
1.6 Development Plan Context

Policies and perspectives of international and national significance increasingly influence
physical planning in Ireland and this filters down to local county level. At the international
level, the global consensus on the need to promote sustainable development is the most
overriding element in terms of this new approach to planning and as such will influence
the polices and objectives contained in the Plan. The Plan therefore must have regard to
a number of international treaties, European Union directives and national and regional
policies as documented below.
7
1.6.1 European Plans and Programmes
Agenda 21 Local Agenda 21 is a process which facilitates sustainable development at community

level.
European Spatial The main aim of the ESDP is to maintain the individual characteristics of the various
Development countries within the EU while simultaneously increasing integration between the member
Perspective (1999) states socially and economically with the protection of the environment as a core element.
Water Framework This Directive requires the preparation of river basin management plans by 2009. The bulk
Directive 2000/60/EC, of County Louth falls within the Neagh Bann River Basin District and the remainder of the
2000 county, primarily to the south, lies within the Eastern River Basin District.
Strategic Environmental The purpose of the SEA (Directive 2001/42/EC) is to ensure that environmental
Assessment consequences of certain plans and programmes are identified and assessed during their
Regulations assessment preparation and before their adoption.
1.6.2 National and Regional Level
National Spatial The NSS is a twenty year planning framework designed to achieve a better balance of
Strategy (2002) social, economic, physical development and population growth between regions. Its focus
is on people, on places and on building communities.
National The National Development Plan (NDP) involves an investment of public, EU and private
Development Plan funds to provide for economic and social infrastructure, employment and human resources,
2007-2013 the productive sector and the peace programme.
Sustainable "Sustainable Development - A Strategy for Ireland" recognises the need for good spatial
Development A planning and the inclusion of sustainability in urban and environmental policies. It
Strategy for Ireland recognises that the pattern and density of urban development has a major influence on
(1997) travel patterns and encourages high movement activities to locate in areas of maximum
accessibility to public transport.
National Anti- The NAPS is an initiative to place the needs of the poor and the socially excluded at the
Poverty Strategy top of the national policy agenda. It recognises the scale of poverty and its impact on
(NAPS) those directly affected and notes the distinct spatial aspects of poverty in urban and rural
areas. The strategy emphasises the importance of a cross departmental policy response
in dealing with the problem of poverty.
Transport 21 Transport 21 will see 34.4 billion invested over the next ten years in Irish transport.
Connecting communities and promoting prosperity is the core aim of this strategy. The
programme seeks to meet the transport needs of the countrys citizens and also underpin
competitiveness into the future.
8
Sustainable The guidelines are focused on creating sustainable communities by incorporating the
Residential highest design standards and providing a co-ordinated approach to the delivery of essential
Development Planning infrastructure and services. They are accompanied by a best practice urban design
Guidelines manual, which illustrates how the guidelines can be implemented effectively and
consistently across the different scales of urban development around the country.
Retail Planning These guidelines provide a framework to guide planning authorities in preparing
Guidelines (2005) development plans, assessing applications for planning permission, and guide retailers and
developers in formulating development proposals.
Regional Planning The vision for the Region is By 2020 the Border Region will be a competitive area
Guidelines for the recognised as, and prospering from, its unique interface between the two economies,
Border Area (2004) where economic success will benefit all, through the building of distinct sub regional
(under review) identities, in an outstanding natural environment with innovative people, which in
themselves will be our most valuable asset.
County Louth is located in the east sub-region which is focused on Dundalk Gateway and
contains the hub towns of Monaghan and Cavan.
Architectural The guidelines include the criteria to be applied when selecting protected structures for
Heritage Protection inclusion in the Record of Protected Structures (RPS). It also contains guidance to support
Guidelines (2005) planning authorities in their role to protect the architectural heritage, when a protected
structure, a proposed protected structure or the exterior of a building within an ACA, is the
subject of development proposals and when a declaration is sought in relation to a
protected structure.
National Biodiversity This Plan was published in 2002. It aims to secure the conservation, including where
Plan possible the enhancement and sustainable use of biological diversity in Ireland and to
contribute to conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity globally.
National Climate Under Kyoto Protocol, Ireland agreed to a target of limiting its greenhouse gas emissions to
Change Strategy 13% above 1990 levels by the first commitment period 2008 2012. Ireland ratified the
(2007) Kyoto Protocol in 2002, along with the EU and all other Member States and is legally
bound to meet the challenging greenhouse gas emissions reduction target. To ensure
Ireland reaches its target and building on measures put in place following the publication of
the first National Climate Change Strategy in 2000, the Government has published this new
National Climate Change Strategy 2007-2012.
Making Irelands This document focuses on the link between economic activity and pressures on the
Development environment. At the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, world leaders agreed to
Sustainable (2002) implement an action programme for sustainable development called Agenda 21. A Strategy
for Ireland (1997), applies Agenda 21 in Irish circumstances. Making Irelands
Development Sustainable reviews progress, assesses the challenge we now face and sets
out policies and actions to meet that challenge.
Wind Energy These guidelines provide advice to planning authorities on planning for wind energy
Development through the development plan process and in determining applications for planning
Guidelines (2006) permission.
9
Flood Risk Guidelines These guidelines detail appropriate action to be undertaken by planning authorities in
for Local Authorities response to flood protection and managing the risk related to potential developments.
2008
National Inventory of The purpose of the NIAH is to identify, record, and evaluate the post-1700 architectural
Architectural heritage of Ireland, uniformly and consistently as an aid in the protection and conservation
Heritage (NIAH) of the built heritage. NIAH surveys provide the basis for the recommendations of the
Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government to the planning authorities
for the inclusion of particular structures in their Record of Protected Structures (RPS).
Delivering A This White Paper sets out the Governments energy policy framework to deliver a
Sustainable Energy sustainable energy future for Ireland. It is set firmly in the global and European context
Future For Ireland - which has put energy security and climate change among the most urgent international
The Energy Policy challenges. The Paper sets out the actions to be taken in response to the energy
Framework 2007 challenges facing Ireland.
2020
1.6.3 Local Level
Waste Management This is a joint waste management plan for the counties Cavan, Louth, Meath and
Plan for the North Monaghan. The WMP identifies the current position, policy for future improvement and
East Region 2005 - development and the means to implement and monitor progress. The objective for the
2010 (WMP) region is to develop a sustainable approach to managing resources, by minimising waste
and managing the waste that is generated in a safe and environmentally sound manner.
County Development This strategy sets out a stratagem for the social, economic and cultural development of the
Board Strategy: Louth county. Implementation and monitoring is an integral part of this strategy to ensure that it is
Working together for our responsive to circumstances as these change.
Future 2002 -2012.
Louth Heritage Plan The Heritage Plan is a strategic framework plan which aims to co-ordinate the
(2007-2011) conservation, management and sympathic development of the countys heritage.
Biodiversity plan for The purpose of the Biodiversity Plan is to provide a framework for nature conservation at
Louth 2008-2012 local level, to create awareness and appreciation of local flora and fauna and to integrate
consideration of biodiversity into all local authority activities.
Louth County Housing This strategy aims to ensure that sufficient land is zoned and serviced to meet housing
Strategy 2009 needs, establish requirements under Part V for social and affordable housing and that
there are a range of house type and sizes.
Locating Industry in This strategy aims to provide for economic growth through the identification of appropriate
County Louth 2002 locations for industrial and commercial activities through the county.
Interchange Strategy for This strategy examines the potential of the motorway interchanges for development in
County Louth 2002 order to maximise the benefits accruing to the county from the motorway.
10
Louth Local Authorities This plan governs Louth Local Authoritys development, in ensuring universal access to its
Disability services, public spaces and buildings across the entire county.
Implementation Plan
2008 2015
Louth Anti-Racism and The ARD plan is an inter-agency county-wide three year action plan to provide strategic
Diversity Plan 2007 direction and leadership in countering racism and in developing a more inclusive,
2010 (ARD) intercultural society in the county.
Louth Local Authorities The Sports and Recreation Strategy, aims to increase the level of general participation in
Sports and Recreation sport and physical activity over the period 2007-2012.
Strategy 2007 2012
Cooley Walking Strategy This strategy identifies maps and promotes walking routes in the Cooley Peninsula.
2009
County Louth Economic In assessing Louths economic strengths and weaknesses, this strategy identifies
Development Strategy economic opportunities, potential funding sources and the mechanisms and challenges
2009-2015 facing the county.
Retail Strategy for The primary aims of this strategy are to promote a vibrant retail sector, protect the viability
County Louth 2009 and vitality of existing town centres and ensure access to convenient centres of retailing in
new residential areas.
Louth Age Friendly This strategy aims to increase the participation of older people in the community, improve
County Strategy 2009 the health and well-being of older people, show how services for older people can be
made more responsive, caring, professional and accessible and to lead the way in
demonstrating the processes that are required, the benefits to be gained and the lessons to
be learned from such an integrated initiative.
The impact of these documents and other relevant local plans and strategies which have
relevance to development plan policy will be dealt with more specifically under the
relevant chapter headings of the Plan. Regard has also been had to the development
plans of adjoining local authorities both within and outside the county. These include the
Dundalk and Environs Development Plan 2003 - 2009 which is currently being reviewed,
the Drogheda Borough Council Development Plan 2005 - 2011, the Meath County
Development Plan 2007 - 2013, the Monaghan County Development Plan 2007 - 2013
and the Banbridge, Newry and Mourne Area Plan 2015.
1.7 Social Inclusion

Despite the relative wealth of the country over the past decade and a rising standard of
living, many marginalized groups were left behind. Hence the challenge to counteract
this trend has been adopted by the government with renewed impetus and thus social
inclusion has come to the forefront of policy.
11
1.7.1 Planning for Social Inclusion
The Council endeavours to ensure that its policies and objectives are fully inclusive. It
aims to:
Ensure that as far as possible, access for the less able is provided to all new
developments including the councils buildings and services, as detailed in the Louth
Local Authorities Disability Implementation Plan 2008 2015.
Facilitate and promote the Rural Transport Initiative to enable the socially excluded
to gain access to employment and services.
Facilitate the provision of small-scale enterprise start-up units throughout the county.
Encourage the provision of suitable and appropriate accommodation for all, in
keeping with Louths age friendly ethos.
Ensuring that new initiatives do not decrease local community access to services
through cost or location.
Seek to target anti-racism and promote inter-culturalism in accordance with Louth
Anti-Racism & Diversity (ARD) Plan 2007 2010.
To support the implementation of the National Anti poverty Strategy (NAPS)
1.7.2 Age Friendly Society
In 2007, Dundalk participated in the Age Friendly Cities Project, an initiative piloted by
the World Health Organisation along with a selected number of other urban centres
across the world. An age-friendly society encourages active ageing. It adapts its
structures and services to be accessible to and inclusive of older people with varying
needs and capacities and benefits large sections of the population beyond those
inhabitants who are elderly.
The age friendly approach will also benefit those people with impaired mobility including
those with physical disabilities, parents with young children and children themselves.
From a planning and land use perspective the study has provided a guide of a broad
range of characteristics of the urban landscape and built environment that contribute to
age-friendliness. The Checklist of Essential Features of Age-Friendly Cities are set out in
appendix 2 of the Plan.
The Plan seeks to embraces the age friendly society concept and the policies therein
are reflective of the objectives of the Louth Age Friendly County Strategy 2009.
1.8 County Profile

County Louth has a rich medieval past and
figures prominently in the epic tales of
ancient Ireland. It is a county steeped in
myth, legend and history, going back to the
pre-historical days of the Cattle Raid of
Cooley. Later it saw the influence of the
Vikings as seen in the name of Carlingford
Lough. The most famous conflict was the
Battle of the Boyne which occurred in 1690
12
on the outskirts of Drogheda and it has become an integral part of Irish history.
Louths coastline, exceeding 120 kilometres, stretches from the River Boyne in the south
of the county to Carlingford Lough in the north. Louth is the smallest county in Ireland;
hence it is often referred to as the Wee County. It is also a county of great natural
beauty, sought after as an attractive place to live in and a county with many advantages.
Louth is a great base for pursuing a range of activities including nature walks, salmon
and trout fishing, golf and horse riding. It has many long established traditions which laid
the foundations for the success of the present.
Louth is now a thriving county with a centre of activity and commerce in the major towns
of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer. In the past, industries such as the railway,
shoe manufacturing and the brewing industry were very much part of the fabric of the
Louth economy. Industry in the county has, however, evolved from being largely heavy
engineering to more modern, technologically based work. This new focus set the scene
for the development of inward
investment, not just in industry but in
agriculture as well. In broader terms, the
current vibrant economy will mean an
expansion of Louths economic trade
while the new impetus for cross-border
co-operation provides further opportunity
for growth and development.
All of these factors are augmented by

Louths strategic location, state-of-the-art
infrastructural services and the existence
of a primed, skilled and well-educated
workforce. There are many long established multi-nationals in the county, which provide
excellent employment opportunities and these are complemented by a large number of
small companies which have successfully developed with assistance from the County
Enterprise Board. Dundalk Institute of Technology has been significant in the
development of the technology base in the county and in particular, its Regional
Development Centre has helped many companies to develop.
Louth has seen considerable

development and capital investment
over the last decade; in particular
Euroroute E01, from Rosslare to
Larne, transverses County Louth and
the recently completed motorway has
transformed travel to Dublin. In excess
of 155 million has been spent in the
last five years upgrading and providing
sewerage schemes in the county.
Drainage schemes in Dundalk and
Drogheda together with smaller
schemes in Carlingford and Dunleer,
account for most of the expenditure. Up to date, modern water treatment plants ensure
that the drinking water in the county is of the highest quality.
13
Other significant developments in recent years include 1.2m improvement works at

Clogherhead Harbour with further significant work planned, coastal protection works at a
number of locations and the opening of swimming pool and leisure centres in both
Drogheda and Dundalk and an annual housing construction programme which is based
on quality design. The county is also well served by a fully integrated automated library
branch network and the County Museum in Dundalk ensures that our heritage is well
documented and displayed while the Arts Office in Dundalk and the Droichead Arts
Centre in Drogheda are active in the promotion of the Arts in Louth.
Louth Local Authorities record in working with the Voluntary and Community Centre is
legendary with 330 groups registered who actively take part in the many campaigns
organised by the various local authorities. The sustained high marking by participants in
Louth in the National Tidy Towns Competition highlights the success of this partnership
approach.
1.9 Population trends for the Future Development of County Louth

Population statistics and forecasts are vital for identifying the likely future requirements
for the provision of social and physical infrastructure to serve the future needs of the
community. Such projections are important in planning terms as they form the basis for
policy to provide for future housing, employment, shopping, community and recreational
needs.
County Louth one of the most populated and urbanised outside of Dublin. This is due to
the presence within its borders of two of the largest provincial towns in the country,
Dundalk and Drogheda. The population of County Louth has steadily increased in recent
years as illustrated in table 1.2. Census figures show that the population of the county
was 91,810 in 1986 and 110,896 in 2006, an increase of 20.7%. In the inter-censual
period 2002 to 2006 the population grew from 101,821 to 110,894, representing an
increase of 8.9 %. This is marginally in excess of the national average of 8.1% for this
period.
Table 1.2: Population of County Louth 1986 to 2006
Population and Percentage Change

Year 1986 1991 1996 2002 2006
Pop 91,810 90,724 92,166 101,821 111,267
% Change + 3.7% -1.2% +1.5% +10.4% +8.9%
Source: CSO
At sub county level there has been significant variations in growth as illustrated in table
1.3. Many of the countys villages have grown considerably while others have
experienced only slight growth. The hinterland of Drogheda has seen the most
significant growth, some 53.3% since the last census, which in numerical terms is 1,381
people. Of note is the rise in populations in Mansfieldstown and Drumcar which have
seen increases of 41% and 30.9% respectively.
14
Table 1.3: Population Changes (excluding Drogheda Borough and Dundalk Town)
2002 to 2006
2002 2006 % Change

Louth (County Area) 53,257 +9.3
Ardee Rural Area 16,055 17,976 +12.0
Ardee Rural 2,500 2,626 +5.0
Ardee Urban 3,564 4,301 +20.7
Castlebellingham 1,338 1,371 +2.5
Clonkeen 438 545 +24.4
Collon 1,188 1,380 +16.2
Dromin 461 535 +16.1
Dromiskin 1,956 1,935 -1.1
Drumcar 1,372 1,385 +0.9
Dunleer 1,787 2,340 +30.9
Stabannan 526 590 +12.2
Tallanstown 925 968 +4.6
Dundalk Rural Area 20,533 22,721 +10.7
Ballymascanlan 2,088 2,016 -3.4
Barronstown 621 647 +4.2
Carlingford 1,334 1,384 +3.7
Castlering 847 935 +10.4
Castletown (Part) 1,409 1,421 +0.9
Creggan Upper 641 684 +6.7
Darver 518 562 +8.5
Drummullagh 903 1,120 +24.0
Dundalk Rural (Part) 509 535 +5.1
Faughart 843 905 +7.4
Greenore 898 979 +9.0
Haggardstown (Part) 4,778 5,769 +20.7
Jenkinstown 831 948 +14.1
Killanny 593 683 +15.2
Louth 1,196 1,308 +9.4
Mansfieldstown 454 640 +41.0
Rathcor 1,163 1,203 +3.4
Ravensdale 907 982 +8.3
Louth Rural Area 9,515 12,560 +32.0
Clogher 1,814 2,494 +37.5
Dysart 649 777 +19.7
Monasterboice 1,130 1,164 +3.0
Mullary 1,248 1,528 +22.4
St.Peters (Part) 2,641 4,022 +52.3
Termonfeckin 2,033 2,575 +26.7
Source: CSO
15
Map 1.1: Percentage Population Change 2002 2006
Source: CSO
1.9.1 Age Profile
Figure 1 below illustrates graphically the age profile of the county. The proportion of
dependants (0 -14 and 65 plus) within the population recorded for County Louth in the
2006 census was 32.4%, marginally above that of the State (31.3%) over the same
16
period. It is notable, that since the early 1990s the numbers in the lower cohort 0 to 14
years have been increasing. This will impact on the level of provision of childcare,
education and other youth facilities needed.
The working age group is defined as those persons recorded within the 15-64 age
cohorts. The table below illustrates the large numbers of the population within the
working age cohorts. For Louth County this was recorded at 67% for 2006 while the
figure for the state was significantly lower at 58.7%. The proportion of the population
within the working age cohorts suggests that there is a large available labour force within
the county. This also has implications for the provision of housing, services, community
facilities and employment provision.
Figure 1.1: Distribution of Population, by Age and Sex in Co. Louth, 2006
80-84
70-74
60-64
Age Groups
50-54
Female number
40-44 Male number
30-34
20-24
10-14
00-04
5000 3000 1000 1000 3000 5000

Number of People
Source: CSO
1.9.2 Population Growth
In February 2007, the Department of Environment, Heritage & Local Government

(DoEHLG) revised the National Spatial Strategy population target figures. The revised
figures contained within the circular National and Regional Population Projections 2006
2020 indicated that population growth was well ahead of that projected during the
preparation of both the National Spatial Strategy and thereafter, the Regional Planning
Guidelines in 2004.
17
The Border Regional Authority revised its population projections accordingly in 2007,
having regard to the revised DoEHLG figures and estimated that the population of the
Border Region will be approximately 590,359 by the year 2020.
The Authority then adjusted the figures on a county by county basis and the relevant
figures for County Louth are set out in tables 1.4 and 1.5 below. These revised figures
reflect the growth potential within the county both with and without the application of the
NSS target figures.
Table 1.4: County and Settlement Growth Projections Applying regional growth
Figures and excluding NSS Population Targets
Year 2006 2011 2016 2020
County Louth 111,267 122,293 133,092 140,531
Drogheda Primary Development 30,303 33,306 36,246 38,272

Centre and Environs (Louth only)
Source: CSO Census 2006, Volume 1
Table 1.5: Projected Growth Figures for Dundalk and Drogheda applying regional
growth Figures and including NSS Settlement Targets
Year 2006 2011 2016 2020
Dundalk Gateway and Environs 35,085 52,035 57,759 63,354
Drogheda Primary Development 30,303 52,053 57,759 60,000

Centre and Environs (Louth
only)
Source: Border Regional Authority 2007
Whereas the figures outlined in table 1.4 above, would seem to be reasonable and
reflect current trends, it is considered that the adjusted figures in respect of the NSS
targets contained in table 1.5, are significantly overstated and unlikely to be achieved.
In December 2008, the Central Statistic Office issued revised regional population
projection for the period 2011 to 2026. These revised figures suggest that the population
of the region will be as set out in table 1.6 below:
Table 1.6: Projected Population for the Border Region 2011 to 2026
2010 2016 2021 2026

515,000 550,000 576,000 592,000
Source: CSO December 2008
18
The above figures are not broken down on a county basis. This is will be done in the
review of the Regional Planning Guidelines which is currently under way. However for
the purposes of the Plan, it is necessary to estimate what proportion of the population
growth projected for the region will occur in County Louth.
The population of the Border Region and County Louth in 2006 was 468,475 and 111,
267 respectively. The percentage of the total population within the six border counties
that resided in county Louth in 2006 was 23.8%. By applying the same percentage to the
CSO projections, the population of Louth would be as set out in table 1.7.
Table 1.7: Projected Population for County Louth 2011 to 2026
2011 2016 2021 2026

122,570 130,900 137,088 140,896
Source: CSO December 2008
Whilst the above projections are considered realistic, it is accepted that the changed
economic circumstances could have a negative impact resulting in an actual population
less than that projected. On the other hand, the continued implementation of the National
Spatial Strategy and the potential for continued significant growth in both Dundalk and
Drogheda could have a positive impact that would result in the above projections being
exceeded particularly if the Regional Planning Guidelines projection of 60,000 for
Dundalk and Drogheda were to be achieved. Whilst it remains the policy of the council to
support the growth of Dundalk and Drogheda in accordance with NSS and RPGs
targets, it is accepted that the 60,000 figure is unlikely to be reached by the year 2020.
Having regard to the projected population figures above table 1.8 below illustrates the
target population allocation within the settlement hierarchy.
Table 1.8: Target Population Allocation
Existing Projected Increase %

population population Increase
2006 2016
Louth County 111, 267 130,900 19,633 17.6
Dundalk and 35,085 42,300 7,215 20.5
Environs
Drogheda and 35,090 42,108 7,018 20
Environs *
Ardee 4,301 4,700 399 9.3
Dunleer 2,340 2,540 200 8.5
Category I 10,022 11,746 1,724 17.2
Settlements
Category II 24,429 27,506 3,077 12.6
Settlements and
Rural areas**
(Figures based on DOE and Border Regional Authoritys Minimum Target Population)
* Figures include Drogheda Borough and the Northern and Southern Environs.)The existing and
projected populations of the southern environs are 4,787 and 6,735 respectively.
19
**It is anticipated that a significant proportion of this population will be accommodated within the
settlements.
20
Chapter 2
Conservation and Heritage
2.1 Introduction
The Louth County Development Plan 2003 2009 did much to highlight the Countys
rich architectural heritage and archaeology. This included the designation of protected
structures and architectural conservation areas. The council actively promoted an
integrated and pragmatic approach to the conservation of historic buildings and in so
doing increased the appreciation of our architectural heritage by promoting best
practice, disseminating information, and looking at buildings within their wider context.
The highest standards of conservation practice were encouraged through the provision
of grant-aid, advice and information. This has resulted in County Louth, by and large,
retaining its rich legacy of built forms, all of which ultimately contribute to economic
regeneration by attracting outside visitors and highlighting the countys heritage value.
2.2 Wider Benefits of Maintaining a Quality Natural and Built Heritage

Our built and natural heritage, whilst having its own high intrinsic value to the nation as
a whole, also increasingly has an economic value based on its potential to attract
visitor spend to particular areas. This is
especially true of County Louth with its
high concentration of both natural and
manmade heritage attractors, all located
within a relatively small area and within
easy reach of the large urban markets of
both Dublin and Belfast. The Filte Ireland
Statement of Strategy 2008 2010 notes
that the future tourist market is likely to
bring more active older travellers seeking
quality experiences and with an interest in
heritage, culture and environmentally-
based tourism. The market, in general, is
likely to want short breaks, city breaks and customised holidays, tailored to personal
leisure or activity interests. It is vital that the development plan protects the sensitive
natural and built environment as a vital component of Louths appeal as a tourist
destination.
2.3 Natural Heritage and Biodiversity

Louth contains numerous natural assets including an extensive coastline stretching
from Carlingford Lough to the Boyne Estuary, marine environments, wetlands,
woodlands, rivers and upland habitats. Together, these support a rich variety of plant
and animal species. The county is an important destination for wildlife, with Dundalk
Bay being the top internationally important location for migratory wading birds in
Ireland. An area equivalent to more than a seventh of the county, including marine and
tidal areas, such as the Boyne Estuary, is designated under Irish and European
Louth County Development Plan 2009 - 2015 21

Chapter 2 Conservation and Heritage
legislation for wildlife protection. In

addition some of the upland areas in
the Cooley peninsula are recognised
as being some of the most beautiful
and unspoilt in the country.
These resources define the countys

character. In many cases, they are
non-renewable and are becoming
increasingly vulnerable due to
infrastructure and development needs.
It is considered that their unsustainable
usage would cause irreparable damage to the countys economic prospects in the long
term.
The Plan has a fundamental role in facilitating development whilst protecting and
enhancing the natural and built environment.
2.3.1 Heritage
Heritage is defined under the Heritage Act 1995 as items such as monuments,
archaeological objects, heritage objects, architectural heritage, flora, fauna, wildlife
habitats, landscapes, seascapes,
wrecks, geology, heritage gardens and
parks and inland waterways.
The National Heritage Plan 2002 sets out

a vision for the management of the
National Heritage and its aim is to
ensure the protection of our heritage
and to promote its enjoyment by all. A
key objective of the National Heritage
Plan is to promote the role that local
communities play in protecting and
enhancing local heritage. This is
achieved through the preparation and
adoption of local heritage plans by the
local authority in which the public have
an opportunity to input.
2.3.2 Louth Heritage Plan 2007 2011
The Louth Heritage Plan 2007 2011 is a strategic framework plan which aims to co-
ordinate the conservation, management and sympathetic development of the countys
heritage. It comprises a five year joint work plan for a partnership of many individuals
and organisations with an involvement in Louths heritage. These projects include to
date:
A conservation plan for Droghedas Town Walls and other defences
A conservation and management plan for Carlingfords Town Walls and other
defences, and

Louth Biodiversity Action Plan, 2008 - 2012
Policy
CON 1 To promote the implementation of the Louth Heritage Plan.

CON 2 To promote greater involvement by landowners in the conservation of
Special Areas of Conservation (SACs), proposed Natural Heritage Areas
(pNHAs) and Special Protection Areas (SPAs).
CON 3 To raise awareness of the value of biodiversity and gather important
information on the ecology of species and habitats.
CON 4 To promote the designation of sites of geological interest as Natural Heritage
Areas.
CON 5 To promote the protection of the landscape through the implementation of
the Louth Landscape Character Assessment.
CON 6 To consider the designation of Landscape Conservation Areas to protect
specific important landscapes.
CON 7 To co-operate with the Regional Planning Authority and adjoining local
authorities, public agencies and community interests to protect regionally
significant heritage assets, environmental quality and to identify threats to
existing environmental quality in a transboundary context throughout the
region.
2.4 Landscape Character Assessment

Ireland ratified the European landscape Convention in 2002 and must adopt national
measures to promote landscape planning, protection and management.
In 2002, a landscape character assessment was completed for the entire county
outside the major towns. This assessment was prepared in accordance with the
Governments Draft Guidelines for Landscape and Landscape Assessment (2000).The
aim of these guidelines is to:
Heighten the awareness of the importance of landscape in all aspects of

physical planning
Provide guidance to planners and to others, as to how landscape
considerations should be dealt with in development management decisions
Indicate specific requirements for development plans and development
centres.
Nine landscape character areas were identified in County Louth. They represent
geographical areas with a particular landscape type or types, and are listed in table 2.1
and identified on map 2.1 below.
Table 2.1: Landscape Area Classification
International Carlingford Lough and Mountains including West Feede Uplands

National Boyne and Mattock Valley
Regional Dundalk Bay Coast,
Dunany to Boyne Estuary Coast,
Uplands of Collon and Monasterboice

Local Cooley Lowlands and Coastal Area

Lower Faughart. Castletown and Flurry River Basins,
Louth Drumlin and Lake Areas
Muirhevna Plain
Map 2.1: Landscape Character Areas
Source: Landscape Character Assessment 2002, Louth County Council
The classification of each landscape character area is based on a matrix of the

following factors:
1. Landscape quality the interactions of the landscape and the condition of

features and elements.
2. Scenic quality landscapes which appeal primarily to the visual senses.
3. Rarity the presence of rare features and elements in the landscape.
4. Conservation Interests the presence of features and particular wildlife, earth
science, archaeological, historical and cultural interest which can add to the
value of a landscape as well as having value in their own right.

5. Wildness the presence of wild character within the landscape which makes a
particular contribution to a sense of place.
6. Recreational opportunity the degree of open-air recreation within the
landscape in proximity to centres of population.
7. Cultural association with particular people, artists, writers, historical events,
legends etc.
8. Tranquillity relates to low levels of built environment, traffic, noise and where
artificial lighting (public and private) is at a minimum.
9. Stakeholder representative whether the landscape contains a particular
character and/or features and elements which are felt by stakeholders to be
worthy of representation (stakeholder describes the entire range of individuals
and groups who have an interest in the landscape).
Agriculture, increased population, forestry, rural housing, new roads, industrial and
commercial development, tourism and recreation, overhead lines, telecommunication
masts, wind farms, and quarrying are perceived in this study as the major forces for
change in these rural landscapes.
Policy
CON 8 To afford protection to the landscapes and natural environments of the

county, by permitting only those forms of development that are considered
sustainable in rural areas and do not unduly damage or take from the
character of the landscape or natural environment.
CON 9 To co-operate with adjoining local authorities, both north and south of the
border, to ensure that the environment is maintained in a sustainable manner
and to support the co-ordinated designation of sensitive landscapes and
policy approaches with adjoining areas and on all aspects of environmental
protection particularly where transboundary environmental vulnerabilities are
identified.
2.5 Biodiversity
Biodiversity or biological diversity refers to the whole variety of life on earth. It includes
habitats and ecosystems, covering all plants, animals and micro-organisms both on
land and in water. It relates to both wildlife and domesticated crops and animals.
2.5.1 EU Policy on Biodiversity
Over the last 25 years, the European Union has built up a vast network of over 26,000
protected areas covering all the Member States and a total area of around 850,000
km, representing more than 20% of total EU territory. This vast array of sites, known
as the Natura 2000 Network - the largest coherent network of protected areas in the
world, is a testament to the importance that the EU attaches to biodiversity. The legal
basis for the Natura 2000 Network comes from the Birds Directive which dates back to
1979 and the Habitats Directive from 1991. Together these Directives constitute the
backbone of the EU's internal policy on biodiversity protection.

The Convention on Biological Diversity, which Ireland has signed and ratified and the
National Biodiversity Plan aim to halt the loss of biodiversity by 2010. The National
Biodiversity Plan 2002 requires all local authorities to prepare local biodiversity plans.
The Biodiversity Action Plan for Louth 2008 2012 sets out five main objectives:
To create a system for the protection of local biodiversity areas

To integrate biodiversity and local authority activities
To raise awareness and appreciation
To gather information on Louths natural resources
To monitor the effectiveness of the Biodiversity Action Plan.
Policy
CON 10 To promote and develop the objectives of the Biodiversity Action Plan for
Louth 2008 - 2012.
2.6 The Natural Environment

2.6.1 Local Amenities
Local open spaces provide essential visual breaks in built up areas, contribute to local
amenity, can assist in nature conservation and are capable of meeting recreational and
community needs. It is important, not only to protect open space from inappropriate
development, but also to ensure that opportunities are taken to improve their amenity
value and increase public access and use.
2.6.2 Proposed Natural Heritage Areas (pNHA)
The National Parks and

Wildlife Service has proposed
twenty-four NHAs in the
county. NHAs are sites that
support elements of our
natural heritage which are
unique or are of outstanding
importance at a national level.
These are listed in table 2.2
and identified on map 2.2. The
process of designation of
these sites is ongoing, with
new sites being added and
boundaries of existing sites
adjusted. It is anticipated that
a number of proposed NHAs will be given full designated status during the course of
this plan.

Map 2.2: Location and Extent of proposed Natural Heritage Areas

Table 2.2: Proposed Natural Heritage Areas
Ref. Location
NH1454 Ardee cutaway bog
NH1801 Barmeath Woods
NH1293 Blackhall Woods
NH1957 Boyne coast and estuary
NH1862 Boyne river islands
NH452 Carlingford Lough
NH453 Carlingford Mountains
NH1458 Castlecoo Hill
NH1459 Clogherhead
NH1461 Darver Castle woods
NH1462 Drumcah, Toprass and Cortial Loughs
NH1856 Dunany Point
NH 455 Dundalk Bay
NH1806 Kildemock Marsh
NH1804 King Williams Glen
NH1451 Liscarragh Marsh
NH1616 Louth Hall and Ardee Woods
NH1464 Mellifont Abbey Woods
NH1805 Ravensdale Plantation
NH1828 Reaghstown Marsh
NH456 Stabannan- Braganstown
NH1803 Stephenstown Pond
NH1468 Trumpet Hill
NH1465 Woodland at Omeath Park
Policy
CON 11 To resist any development that would be harmful to or that would result in a
significant deterioration of habitats or disturbance of species.
2.6.3 Sites of Geological Interest
The National Parks and Wildlife Service and the Geological Heritage Programme
acting in partnership, have selected the most important candidate geological sites in
the county. Some of these candidate sites will eventually become Natural Heritage
areas but others will only qualify as County Geological Sites or Local Biodiversity
Areas. The location of these sites is illustrated on map 2.3 in appendix 3.

Table 2.3: Candidate sites of Geological Interest
Ref. Location
G1 Oriel Brook, Collon
G2 Clogherhead
G3 Collon Quarry
G4 Tullyallen Quarry
G5 Mapastown
G6 Dunany Point
G7 Cooley Point
G8 Cloghmore
G9 Carlingford
G10 Port
G11 Lins Moraine, Dundalk Bay
G12 Rathmore Complex
G13 Drakestown
G14 Tullyallen
G15 Castlebellingham Shore
G16 Dundalk Bay
G17 Trumpet Hill
G18 Dromeena Quarry
G19 Salterstown
G20 Windy Gap at Carlingford
G21 Rampark
G22 Cooley Castle Quarry
G23 Clogher Head Lamprophyre
G24 Barnavave Hill
G25 Slieve Foy
G26 Barnavave Quarry
G27 Mullaghattin
G28 Johns Castle
G29 Rosemount Quarry
G30 Templetown Raised Beach
G31 Greenore
G32 Ardee Moraine Ridges
G33 Castlebellingham Morainic Complex
G34 Bush Delta
Policy
CON 12 To promote awareness and protect, where appropriate, areas of geological

interest.

2.6.4 European Sites
Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) have been established under the EU Habitats
Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EC 21/5/1992). These are the prime wildlife
conservation areas in the country which are considered to be important on a European
as well as Irish level. County Louth contains six SACs which are listed in the table 2.4
and illustrated on map 2.4.
Map 2.4: Location and Extent of SACs

Table 2.4: Special Areas of Conservation
Carlingford Shore
Carlingford Mountain
Dundalk Bay
Clogherhead
Boyne Coast and Estuary
River Boyne and River Blackwater
Policy
CON 13 To ensure that an appropriate assessment* of the implications of any

proposed development on a SAC or development likely to impact on a SAC
that is outside the designated area or any other SAC identified during the
period of this plan is undertaken in view of the sites conservation objectives.
CON 14 To resist any development that would be harmful or that would result in a
significant deterioration of habitats or disturbance of species in a SAC.
*Appropriate assessment in this instance refers for the requirement of an assessment of the
proposal by suitably qualified persons.
The European Community Birds

Directive (Council Directive
79/409/EEC) requires member
states to preserve a sufficient
diversity of habitats for wild birds
to maintain populations which
are listed as rare, vulnerable or
regularly occurring migratory
species. This is to be achieved
through the designation of
Special Protection Areas.
County Louth has four SPAs
which are listed in table 2.5 and
illustrated by map 2.5.

Map 2.5: Location and Boundaries of SPAs
Table 2.5: Special Protection Areas
Ref. No. Location

452 Carlingford Lough
455 Dundalk Bay
456 Stabannan and Braganstown
1957 Boyne Estuary

Policy
CON 15 To ensure that an appropriate assessment* of the implications of any

proposed development on a SPA or development likely to impact on a SPA
that is outside the designated area or any other SPA identified during the
period of this plan is undertaken in view of the sites conservation objectives.
2.6.5 Trees and Woodlands
Trees and woodlands contribute greatly to Louths natural landscape and biodiversity.
They provide visual amenity in the rural and urban environment, shelter and clean air
and play a significant role in carbon storage. Our native woods are habitats for species
that have survived many centuries.
The National Parks and Wildlife Service and the Forest Service have commissioned a
National Survey of Native Woodland in Ireland. Over the centuries, conversion of
woodland to agricultural farmland has resulted in the near total removal of this habitat
in Louth. Today, only 0.18% of the land cover of Louth is considered native woodland.
Louth has one of the lowest coverage of native woodlands in Ireland.
The Tree Council of Ireland and the Irish Tree Society initiated the Tree Register of
Ireland (TROI) project in 1999 with the aim of compiling a database of trees in Ireland.
Eight Champion Trees were identified in the county area as part of this project. It is
considered that these trees are of significant environmental value to the county and
that such trees should be protected from development pressure where necessary.
Table 2.6 details champion trees located in Louth.
Table 2.6: Champion Trees
Species Location Dimensions

Cedrus libani Red House, Ardee 7.41 @ 1.5 m 36 m
(Cedar of Lebanon)
Fagus sylvatica Red House, Ardee 4.91 @ 1.3 m
Atropurpurea 29.50 m
(Copper Beech)
Juglans regia Red House, Ardee 4.50 @ 0.6 m 22m
(Walnut)
Abies procera Glauca Red House, Ardee 4.48 @ 1.5 m 39 m.
Group
(Noble Fir)
Liriodendron tulipifera Red House, Ardee 4.46 @ 1.5 m 23m
(Tulip Tree)
Cedrus deodara Red House, Ardee 3.81 @ 1.5 m 31.30m
(Deodar Cedar)
Cryptomeria japonica Castlebellingham 3.17 @
Elegans Group 0.8 m 17.70 m.
(Japanese Red Cedar)
Ilex aquifolium Red House, Ardee 2.31 @ 1.5 m 21.30 m.
(Holly)
Source: Tree Register of Ireland

The Planning and Development Act 2000 sets out the legal framework and procedures
to make a tree preservation order (TPO). The council has made two TPOs and
currently proposes two. Their locations are listed in table 2.7.
Table 2.7 Trees Protected by Tree Preservation Orders
Ref. Location
TPO1 Fox Covert, Ardee
TPO2 Ardee Golf Club
TP03* Red House Ardee
TP04* Mell, Drogheda
*Proposed
Map 2.6: Trees Protected by Tree Preservation Orders

Table 2.8: Trees and Woodlands of Special Amenity Value
Ref. Location
TP1 Townley Hall / King Williams Glen
TP2 Termonfeckin Village
TP3 N1 at Aghnaskeagh
TP4 N1 north of Greenore junction
TP5 Trumpet Hill
TP6 Monvallet east of ESB station
TP7 Red House, Ardee
TP8 Fox Covert, Ardee
TP9 St. Joseph, Ardee
TP10 Mullaghesh, Collon
TP11 Barmeath Woods
TP12 Blackhall Woods
TP13 Darver Castle Woods
TP14 Louth Hall
TP15 Mellifont Abbey Woods
TP16 Ravensdale Plantation
TP17 Woodlands at Omeath Park
TP18 Salterstown
TP19 Drumcar
TP20 Beaulieu
TP21 Drogheda Baltray Road
TP22 Newtown House
TP23 Church at Milltown
TP24 Lisrenny House, Tallanstown
TP25 Rathbrist House, Tallanstown
TP26 Corderry House, Readypenny
TP27 Stephenstown Pond
TP28 Ballymakenny Church
TP29 South of Killineer
TP30 Piperstown House
TP31 North of Mount Oriel
TP32 The Rectory, Ardee
The locations of the above are illustrated on below on map 2.7.

Map 2.7: Trees and Woodlands of Special Amenity Value

Policy
CON 16 To protect trees and woodlands of special amenity value and where
appropriate put in place tree preservation orders for this purpose.
CON 17 To investigate the feasibility of carrying out a survey of all trees of special
amenity value within the county.
CON 18 To require an assessment of the implications of any proposed development
on significant trees and hedgerows and streams located on lands that are
being considered for development. Survey and protection procedures
detailed in the appendix 10 will be required by the council.
CON 19 To increase deciduous native tree coverage in the county by promoting the
planting of suitable trees along public roads, residential streets, parks and
other areas of open space.
CON 20 To promote such initiatives as private and community driven tree planting
schemes.
2.7 The Built Environment

Support for the preservation and enhancement of Louths built heritage is an important
objective of the Plan. County Louth contains an extensive variety of built heritage sites
and a rich archaeological resource of monuments. These range from megalithic tombs,
souterrains, ring forts, mottes and ecclesiastical sites, to architectural heritage of
notable town centre buildings, tower houses, churches, country houses, demesnes and
vernacular buildings. The county also contains many items of industrial heritage such
as mills, road and rail bridges and associated infrastructure.
2.7.1 Archaeology
Archaeological remains constitute important evidence

of Louths past and are a finite and fragile resource,
very vulnerable to modern development and land use
changes. The council considers that the archaeology
of the county is an important asset and that its
preservation is a legitimate objective against which
the needs of development must be carefully balanced
and assessed. The archaeological heritage consists
of known and, as yet unidentified sites, monuments,
objects and environmental evidence. These include
round towers, high crosses, burial sites, ringforts,
tower houses and souterrains.
There are three categories of monuments under the National Monuments Acts, 1930
2004. These include:
National monuments in the ownership or guardianship of the Minister or a local

authority or national monuments which are subject to a preservation order
Historic monuments or archaeological areas recorded in the Register of Historic
Monuments
Monuments or places recorded in the Record of Monuments and Places.

The Record of Monuments and Places of County Louth contains the location of all
Recorded Monuments which are protected under the National Monuments Acts.
Within County Louth, there are some 2000 recorded monuments. In addition there are
eleven Areas of Special Archaeological Interest, which in some cases, are extensive
and cover, for example, the historic core of towns. These archaeological features are
afforded protection under the National Monuments Acts.
County Louth contains eleven Areas of Special Archaeological Interest. The locations
of these are listed in table 2.9 and mapped in appendix 4.
Table 2.9: Areas of Special Archaeological Interest
Ref. Location
AR1 Ardee
AR2 Collon
AR3 Carlingford
AR4 Dunleer
AR5 Louth Village
AR6 Termonfeckin
AR7 Dromiskin
AR8 Grange
AR9 Castlering
AR10 Castleroche
AR11 Newtown Monasterboice
Policy
CON 21 To ensure that any development, both above and below ground, adjacent
to a site of special archaeological interest shall not be detrimental to the
character of the archaeological site or its setting and be sited and designed
with care to protect the monument and its setting.
CON 22 Within Areas of Special Archaeological Interest and other sites of
archaeological potential, the council will require applicants to include an
assessment of the likely archaeological potential as part of the planning
application and may require that an on site assessment is carried out by
trial work prior to a decision on a planning application being taken.
2.7.2 Protected Structures
The planning authority recognises the importance of protecting historic buildings which
are a unique and special resource. The Planning and Development Act 2000 2006
requires every development plan to include a record of protected structures (RPS) or
parts of structures which are part of the architectural heritage and which are of special
architectural, historical, archaeological, artistic, cultural, scientific, social or technical
interest.

County Louth is fortunate in having a large number of structures that are considered to
be of special interest. A number of these, including Townley Hall, Rokeby Hall,
Barmeath Castle, Bellurgan House and Beaulieu House are of national importance.
This Plan contains a total of 659 protected structures. On the recommendation of the
Minister for the
Environment, Heritage
and Local
Government 323
additional structures
have been added. An
additional 78
structures
recommended by the
Minister are to be Barmeath Castle
considered under
Section 55 of the Planning and Development Act, 2000. A further 23 structures have
been removed the RPS and the removal of a further 28 is to be considered under
Section 55. Details of these are set out in Volume 2.
A protected structure, unless otherwise stated in the Register of Protected Structures

(RPS), includes the exterior and interior of the structure, the land lying within its
curtilage, any other structures and their interiors lying within that curtilage, plus all
fixtures and fittings which form part of the interior or exterior of any of these structures.
An up-to-date RPS, incorporating any additions or deletions within the lifetime of the
Plan, will be maintained on the councils website or can be checked in the councils
offices. Structures may be added to the RPS outside of the Plan review process
without the requirement to
Beaulieu House make a variation of the Plan.
Developers and persons
proposing to purchase
buildings are advised to
check the updated RPS.
Proposals for works to protected structures should be:

Accompanied by appropriate documentation as described in the Architectural Heritage
Protection Guidelines for Planning Authorities of the Department of the Environment,
Heritage and Local Government, to enable a proper assessment of the proposed
works and their impact on the structure or area.
In keeping with the character of the building and to preserve the special architectural or
historical character and any features they possess
Of a quality of design and sympathic in terms of scale and form to the original building
and in the use of materials and other details of the period and style.

Carried out in accordance with DoEHLG Architectural Heritage Protection Guidelines

for Planning Authorities and best practice and supervised by an appropriately qualified
professional.
Policy
CON 23 To permit the deletion of structures from the Register of Protected Structures
and the demolition or significant modification of a protected structure, only in
exceptional circumstances.
CON 24 To ensure that new development either adjacent to or at a distance from a
protected structure shall complement and be sympathic to the structure or
its setting in terms of its design, scale, height, massing, alignment and use
of material.
CON 25 To encourage the retention, sympathetic reuse and rehabilitation of protected
structures and their settings.
2.7.3 Architectural Conservation Areas
The Planning and Development Act

Whitestown 2000 empowers the planning
authority to designate architectural
conservation areas (ACAs), where it
is of the view that this designation is
necessary for the preservation of the
character of a place, area, group of
structures or townscape which is of
special interest or contributes to the
appreciation of protected structures.
The following ACAs were designated in the previous plan:
1. Salterstown
2. Whitestown
3. Newtown Monasterboice
4. Collon (part of)
5. Ardee (part of)
6. Monasterboice Monastic site
7. Carlingford (part of)
8. Castlebellingham
9. Greenore
Milltown*
* It is proposed to remove Milltown from this designation as it is considered that the buildings
within it are afforded adequate protection as they are listed in the RPS.
The boundaries of the nine ACAs are defined on maps contained in appendix 5. A brief
character appraisal and objectives particular to each area accompanies each map.

Policy
CON 26 To require that any development within or affecting an ACA preserves or

enhances the character and appearance of the architectural conservation
areas. Any development should respect the character of the existing
architecture in scale, design and materials.
CON 27 To ensure that the redevelopment of the towns of historic interest including
Ardee, Carlingford, Collon, Termonfeckin and Dunleer, includes the retention
of existing street layout, historic building lines and traditional plot widths
where these derive from medieval or earlier origins.
CON 28 To retain any building in an ACA that makes a positive contribution to the
character or appearance of the area.
CON 29 To require that any development proposal takes account of the councils
specific ACA objectives contained in appendix 5.
CON 30 To require that any new development on the periphery of Whitestown,
Newtown Monasterboice and Salterstown does not detract from the existing
character of the designated ACA. and to prepare village design statements.
2.7.4 Heritage Gardens and Designed Landscapes
Louth has a rich heritage

of gardens and designed
landscaped gardens. The
National Inventory of
Architectural Heritage has
conducted a survey which
has listed some seventy -
four heritage gardens and
designed landscapes
within County Louth.
These are listed in table
2.10. Fieldwork is now in
progress to compile more
accurate data and site assessments. Care needs to be taken to ensure that these
gardens and parks are protected from encroaching or adjacent development.

Table 2.10: Heritage Gardens and Designed landscapes
Anaverna Harristown House

Ardee House Killin House
Arthurstown House Killineer House
Ballymascanlan House Kiltallaght House
Barmeath Lisnawully House
Barronstown Rectory Lisrenny House
Beaulieu House Listoke House
Bellurgan House Louth Hall
Beltichburne Maine House
Black Hall Milestown House
Braganstown House Monasterboice
Burnhill House Monavallett
Carstown Mooremount House
Castle Bellingham Mount Bailey
Castletown Castle Mount Pleasant
Catherines Grove Newtown House
Charleville Newtown House
Claret Rock House Nootka Lodge
Clermont Philipstown
Clonaleenaghan House Prospect
Collon Rath House
Corbollis House Rathcoole House
Corderry House Rathescar
Darver Castle Ravensdale House
Derryfalone House Ravensdale Lodge
Drumcar Red House
Drummullagh Rohanna House
Dunany House Rokeby Hall
Dundalk Park Shortstone House
Fairhill House Smarmore Castle
Falmore House Stephenstown House
Fane Valley Stone House
Faughart House Thistle Lodge
Glebe House , Arthurstown Thomastown Castle
Glebe House, Millockstown Townley Hall
Glebe House, Kilsaran Williamstown House
Grange House Kiltallaght House
Greenmount Lodge Lisnawully House

Policy
CON 31 To ensure that new development will not adversely affect the site, setting or
views to and from heritage gardens and designed landscapes.
2.7.5 Vernacular Architectural Heritage
Traditionally each country, region and locality had its own distinctive styles for
everyday buildings, suited to its particular climate and environment and built using
materials which were readily available in the locality. These styles reflect the way of life
of the people of the area and are known as vernacular. Vernacular architecture comes
from the ordinary people and follows time-honoured patterns and practices whose
reasons and origins may be long forgotten. It is an expression of the culture of a
community and of cultural diversity.
Vernacular structures
are extremely
vulnerable due to the
changing needs and
demands of the
modern generation
and are facing serious
problems of becoming
obsolete. Thatched
buildings in particular
and traditional farm
buildings are under
increasing threat as they are seen to be no longer economically viable on the modern
farm. Generally these structures are of mud-wall or rubble stone construction with
external lime renders. In some cases, the agricultural outbuildings belonging to large
estates are of fine cut stone, with excellent detailing of features.
Policy
CON 32 To encourage the protection, restoration and appreciation of the vernacular

architectural heritage of Louth in both the towns and rural areas of the
county.
CON 33 To promote and protect established public rights of way to heritage sites and
features of archaeological interest, coastal areas, mountains, rivers, lakes,
geological and geomorphic systems and other natural amenities.


Chapter 3
Rural Development and Natural Resources
3.1 Introduction
Sustainable and diversified development in rural areas is key to keeping the
countryside alive and prospering. The rural areas of the county are changing rapidly as
a result of the changing nature of farming and the demands of modern agricultural
practices, the impact of
the growing demand for
one-off houses in the
countryside and the
recreational needs of
urban based populations.
The increase in off-farm
employment and trends
towards rural
diversification are
becoming increasingly
important and necessary
to sustain rural
communities.
3.2 National and Regional Policy

3.2.1 National Spatial Strategy
The National Spatial Strategy outlines the future potential of rural areas beyond
traditional uses and suggests how alternative employment can be developed by
building on local strengths in tourism, agriculture, enterprise, local services and land
based natural resources. In excess of 10 billion has been allocated nationally to rural
communities under the National Development Plan 2007- 2013.
3.2.2 Regional Planning Guidelines for the Border Region
The Regional Planning Guidelines for the Border Region recognise the importance of
building on the indigenous strengths of the rural areas in order to achieve balanced
regional growth. In terms of agriculture and rural development, new approaches
towards agri-tourism, organic farming and eco-tourism may provide the way forward for
many farmers in the region, who are facing a decline in income and seeking
opportunities for off-farm supplementation.
3.2.3 Rural Development Programme 2007 - 2013
The Rural Development Programme 2007-2013 is based on the EU framework for

Rural Development and on the National Rural Development Strategy. The programme
for Ireland sets three main priorities:

Chapter 3 Rural Development and Natural Resources
Improving the competitiveness of the agricultural sector

Improving the environment of the countryside by supporting sustainable land
management practices
Improving the quality of life in rural areas and encouraging diversification of
economic activity.
Under the Rural Development Programme 2007 - 2013, much of the Border Region is
classed under one of the five broad rural area types, namely Areas that are
Changing. These are areas where population and agricultural employment are in
decline and where replacement employment is required.
This programme suggests that to complete the picture, another category of rural areas
should be recognised namely Peri-urban Areas. These are defined as areas close to
and under the influence of, main urban centres. Features of such areas include high
population densities and levels of commuting to work with relatively low reliance on
farming. Much of County Louth falls into this classification.
The council recognises that the restructuring of agriculture, through diversification, is

crucial to sustaining the rural economy of Louth and as such, the council will
endeavour to facilitate these changes.
Policy
RD 1 To support the implementation of the policies identified in the NSS, Regional

Planning Guidelines and Rural Development Programme 2007-2013
pertaining to the sustainable and balanced development of County Louths
rural areas.
3.2.4 CLAR Programme (Ceantair Laga rd- Riachtanais)
The CLR programme is a targeted investment programme for rural areas which
experienced a decline of more
than 35% in population since the
foundation of the State. Whilst
County Louth did not experience
such declines, the Cooley
Peninsula area of the county was
included in the programme due to
the serious impact of the foot and
mouth outbreak in 2001 which
resulted in the total de-stocking of
animal herds in the area.
CLR contains a range of measures to accelerate the development of physical,

community and social infrastructure which would have a clear benefit in terms of
employment creation, thus providing opportunities for local people who otherwise
would have limited employment opportunities.
These measures include village, community and school enhancement projects and the
provision and improvements to broadband, roads, water supply and sewerage

infrastructure. The programme has had a significant influence on leveraging further

funding from other public and community sources.
Map 3.1: CLR Area, County Louth
Source: www.pobail.ie
Policy
RD 2 To continue to co-operate with the County Development Board to implement

the CLR Programme in the Cooley Area.
3.2.5 Rural Environmental Protection Scheme (REPS)
The Rural Environmental Protection Scheme (REPS) was first introduced by the
Department of Agriculture in
1994. It is designed to reward
farmers for carrying out
farming activities in an
environmentally friendly
manner and to bring about
environmental improvements
on farms.
The REP scheme aims to

protect the rural environment
through sensitive farm
management. It requires the
modification of existing farm
practices by farmers which are detailed in a plan specific to each farm. These are
prepared by a planning agency approved by the Department of Agriculture, Food and
Rural Development.

The numbers of farmers participating in the scheme nationally increased from 42,500
to almost 60,000 between 2005 and 2007. Almost 30 million was paid to participants
in 2007. In Louth, the number of participants increased from 303 farmers in 1998 to
408 farmers in 2007, which accounts for only 1% of the national figure. A possible
reason for the low uptake in Louth is that REPS, as it currently operates, does not suit
livestock and tillage farming. Aside from the Cooley Peninsula, much of County Louth
is characterized by intensive livestock, tillage and horticultural production.
Nevertheless, the council recognises that the REPS scheme is important both
financially and environmentally to the county.
Policy
RD 3 To encourage farmers in the county to participate in the REPS scheme in the

interests of environmental protection and the safeguarding of sensitive and
vulnerable rural landscapes.
3.3 Rural Development Strategy

The councils rural development strategy is based on promoting sustainable rural
development aimed at maintaining vibrant and viable rural communities while also
seeking to protect the amenity, recreational and heritage value of the rural landscapes
and countryside of the county.
The implementation of the settlement strategy, as set out in chapter 4 and the
conservation and protection measures in chapter 2 are considered to be essential
towards achieving this aim.
The designation of settlements with agreed development boundaries enables the

council to promote the strengthening of villages and settlements and to provide for the
development of rural communities.
Agriculture, natural resources and rural enterprises make a major contribution to the
economic and social stability of County Louth and as such should be maintained and
promoted in the interest of the economic, social and environmental sustainability of
rural communities.
3.3.1 Rural Enterprise
The development of rural enterprise and employment opportunities will be vital to

sustain the rural economy. The location of such enterprise and employment
opportunities will be encouraged throughout the county in locations and at a scale
which are considered appropriate.
In the settlement hierarchy (as detailed in chapter 4), those towns which comprise
levels 1 and 2, namely Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer, include considerable
tracts of lands zoned for commercial, industrial and employment uses. Large scale
commercial development will be directed to these serviceable sites. Such uses will not
be considered appropriate in unserviced rural locations given their implications on
traffic safety, damage to road structure by heavy vehicles and visual and residential
amenity. Many of the settlements at level 3 also have lands zoned for business and

employment uses which have the potential of providing a spread of employment

opportunities throughout the county.
However, it is recognised that certain commercial activities, industrial activities and

strategic infrastructure may need to be accommodated in rural areas outside of
existing settlements.
Within designated rural settlements, the council will promote the establishment of small
incubator units to accommodate new enterprises. The council will facilitate the
development of alternative home based micro enterprises of appropriate nature and
scale.
Policy
RD 4 To secure vibrant and viable rural communities by promoting sustainable

development and settlement patterns in rural areas, environmentally friendly
agricultural practices and the protection of the natural resources, environment
and landscape of the countryside.
RD 5 To encourage the development of alternative rural based enterprises where
the scale and nature of such enterprises are not detrimental to the amenity of
the area, adjoining dwellings and where the proposal can meet all other
planning requirements.
RD 6 To ensure that such new developments do not impinge on areas of special
amenity value or on areas designated as sensitive landscapes.
RD 7 To facilitate the location of certain resource based and location specific
developments of significant regional or national importance and critical
infrastructure projects at suitable locations in rural areas.
3.4 Agriculture
Agriculture is an important source of employment and income in rural areas. The
countys agricultural land bank is not only a source of value in terms of food production,
but also a vital ingredient in the countys character. The 2006 census illustrates that
2.4% of the population of County Louth is employed directly in the agricultural sector.
This is equivalent to 1,182 persons. This is a significant a drop from 6% of the
population as recorded in the 2002 census of population.
Farming is the traditional form of economic activity in rural areas. However, traditional
farming methods have undergone significant changes, through increased
mechanisation and the emergence of larger commercial farm units. County Louth
occupies an area of 82,100 hectares, of which 61, 308 hectares is farmed. In table 3.1
it can be seen that a significant proportion of farms in County Louth, some 47%,
operate on farm holdings of less than 20 hectares. The average farm size in the county
is 35.1 hectares which is an increase from the average size of 28 hectares in 2001.

Table 3.1: Farm Sizes in County Louth
Area <10ha 10-20ha 20-30ha 30-50ha 50-100ha >100ha
No. of 460 360 250 300 310 90

Farms
(%) of
Total 26% 21% 14% 17% 17% 5%
Farms
Source: www.cso.ie
Farm practises are experiencing a shift away from traditional agriculture activities such
as dairying and livestock farms. Specialist beef production is now the main enterprise
on some 36% of farms in County Louth which reflects a national shift to this type of
farming.
Figure 3.1: Farm Types in County Louth
Farm type, Co. Louth (2007) Specialist tillage
Specialist dariying
Specialised beef
8% 2% production
15%
13% Specilaist sheep
15%
11% Mixed grazing

livestock
36%
Mixed crops &
livestock
Other
Source: CSO
The changing pattern of employment in agriculture in recent years necessitates a new

approach to the sustainable use of our countryside. Farm diversification is promoted in
both national and regional policy as a means of expanding the rural economy. Teagasc
has identified a number of alternative schemes that are considered suitable for farmers
to enter into for the purposes of diversification. These include wind farms, production of
dairy products (such as cheese and yoghurt), soft fruit production, forestry, horse livery
and adventure tourism. Others would include micro enterprises, rural tourism, biomass
production, organic food production, horticulture, specialist farming practices such as
poultry, mushroom growing, and specialised animal breeding.
The council acknowledges that farming will remain as an important economic activity
essential for the economic prosperity and well being of rural areas and will facilitate the
development of agriculture subject to ensuring the protection of the environment,
particularly water resources.

Policy
RD 8 To maintain a vibrant and healthy agricultural sector based on the principles

of sustainable agriculture and associated activities as a cornerstone of rural
development and prosperity.
RD 9 To facilitate the development of agriculture while ensuring that natural
waters, wildlife habitats and conservation areas are protected from pollution.
RD 10 To encourage and facilitate agricultural development whilst ensuring that
such development does not result in a negative effect on the scenic amenity
of the countryside.
RD 11 To encourage and facilitate agricultural diversification into related agri-
businesses subject to the retention of the holding for primarily agricultural
use and the proper planning and development of the area.
RD 12 To consider farm-based diversification which is complementary to the farm
and is operated as part of the holding.
RD 13 To encourage rural diversification intended to supplement farm incomes such
as production of dairy products, soft fruit production, forestry, horse livery,
organic food production and specialist farming practices.
RD 14 To encourage farmers to see themselves as custodians of the countryside
and the rural landscapes which are valuable to the present and future
generations.
3.4.1 Agricultural Buildings
Good quality purpose built

agricultural buildings are important to
efficient and sustainable agricultural
production. Agricultural buildings
should be integrated into the
countryside. In this respect the
colour of materials used is important.
Site selection and the maintenance
of existing native hedgerows or the
planting of new hedgerows is
important in terms of screening farm
buildings and thus blending these
into the landscape in the least
obtrusive manner.
Proposals for large more intensive agricultural practices may require more stringent
consideration, for example, mushroom and poultry units, or piggeries which may have
a greater impact on the local roads and the environment. Such applications will be
assessed on their merit subject to proper planning and sustainable development
criteria.

Policy
RD 15 To ensure that agricultural buildings are designed and appropriately sited to

integrate into the landscape.
RD 16 To ensure that agricultural developments provide adequate waste collection
and storage facilities and adhere to all legislation on water quality including
the Water Framework Directive, Nitrates Directive and Phosphorus
Regulations.
RD 17 To ensure that agricultural developments are designed and constructed in a
manner that will ensure that watercourses and sources of potable water are
protected from the threat of pollution.
Where new agricultural developments are proposed, it will be a requirement that the
development is well screened by trees and hedgerows and of a colour which permits
the structure to satisfactorily blend into its surroundings.
3.5 Rural Tourism and Coastal Areas

Tourism can make a significant contribution to the development of rural areas. It is an
aim of the Plan to support rural tourism enterprises that are developed in conjunction
with established rural activities and to facilitate the development of agri-tourism. Rural
tourism is expanded on in chapter 7 of the Plan.
Policy
RD 18 To support tourism enterprises that are developed in conjunction with

established rural activities and to facilitate the development of agri tourism.
3.5.1 Coastal areas
The coastline of County

Louth stretches from the
County Down border,
through Carlingford Lough,
Dundalk Bay and as far
south as the Boyne Estuary
outside Drogheda. The
coastline is of high intrinsic
and special amenity value
and is home to a variety of
natural habitats. Special
Areas of Conservation
(SAC) and Special
Protection Areas (SPA) designations cover much of the coastline. Clogherhead, Port,
Templetown and Termonfeckin Strand are superb beaches which have considerable
tourism potential.
The coastline also contains economically significant sites which include the ports at
Drogheda, Greenore, Dundalk and Clogherhead.

The coastline is susceptible to pressure for development which has the potential to
encroach on sensitive sites and cause pollution. The coastal waters off County Louth
provide an important resource, supporting and generating employment and
recreational activities. It will be important to ensure that measures to offset coastal
erosion are provided in the Plan to protect this important resource.
3.5.2 National Coastal Protection Strategy Study
Under the NDP 2007-2013, some 23 million has been allocated for projects to protect
the coastline from erosion and to manage the problem of coastal flooding, so as to
minimise its impact on the commercial and social activities of coastal communities.
The Coastal Protection Programme is administered by the Sea Fisheries

Administration Division of the
Department of Agriculture,
Fisheries and Food. The
programme funds a number of
projects including the Coastal
Protection Strategy Study. This
study will identify areas at risk from
erosion and flooding and will
quantify damages likely to arise.
In addition, the programme provides part funding for projects identified by the local
authorities in areas where the necessity for protection schemes are identified. The
council will work closely with the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food in its
work to identify and manage the risks associated with coastal flooding.
3.5.3 Proposed Coastal Protection Measures
Subject to the availability of funding, the council will seek to implement the following
programme of coastal projects.
Table 3.2: Programme of Priority Work for Coastal Areas
Priority Location Project

1 Blackrock Sea wall protection. Undermining of wall foundations
required as a result of storm damage February 2002.
2 Salterstown Repair to road verge required as a result of coastal
erosion.
3 Port Beach Protection of beach amenity.
4 Baltray Coastal flooding preventative works
5 Bellurgan Repairs

3.5.4 Development on the Foreshore
The Foreshore Acts 1933 - 1998 require that a lease or licence must be obtained from
the appropriate government department before undertaking any works or placing
structures or materials on, or removal of material from, any state owned foreshore
which falls below the high water mark.
However, planning permission will be required for any development on the foreshore
that is above the high water.
Policy
RD19 To increase the quality of beaches in the county and in so doing contribute to
the development of the tourism industry and to the enjoyment of the facilities.
RD 20 To resist development along the coast which would detract from its visual
appearance or conflict with its recreational and leisure functions.
RD 21 To work closely with the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food in its
work to identify and manage the risks associated with coastal flooding.
RD 22 To ensure that any development on the foreshore does not detract from the
visual amenities of the coast and the public enjoyment thereof.
3.6 Forestry
In the Republic of Ireland, forest cover at the end of 2007 stood at an estimated
700,000 hectares. This represents approximately 10% of the total land area. Over half
of this is in public ownership, primarily Coillte. The Government Forestry Strategy aims
to have 17% forest cover by 2030. Its importance in terms of generating economic
activity in the countryside is recognised as well as other benefits such as the provision
of a sustainable construction material and its role in the promotion of biodiversity.
However, it is important that intensive forestry practices do not impinge upon the visual
amenity of the landscape or adversely affect the biodiversity in the area.
The overall national policy in relation to forestry is set out in Growing for the Future: a
Strategic Plan for the Development of the Forestry Sector in Ireland, 1996. The
strategy aims to develop the sector to a scale and in a manner which maximises its
contribution to national economic and social well-being on a sustainable basis and
which is compatible with the protection of the environment. The draft Indicative
Forestry Statement (IFS) The right trees in the right places has been developed in the
context of a national forest policy and provides high-level, national guidance in relation
to the suitability of land for forestation. It also facilitates the establishment of high
quality forests serving a variety of purposes including timber production, enhancement
of the environment, mitigation of climate change, forest industry development, creation
of alternative off farm incomes and opportunities for tourism and amenity use.
The IFS is a map based approach which provides a comprehensive overview of all the
opportunities and constraints which exist for forestry in Ireland, at a national level. It
sets out four broad categories
Category 1 Suitable for a range of forest types

Category 2 Suitable for certain types of forest development,

Category 3 Suitable for nature conservation and amenity forests

Category 4 Unsuitable, that is, unproductive or un-plantable areas
Currently in Louth, Coillte has a total forest area of almost 1400 hectares, of which just
over 100 hectares are broad leaf. It also has three recreational sites at Ravensdale,
Slieve Foye Wood and Townley Hall.
Initial forestation is exempt under the provisions of the Planning and Development
Regulations 2001. Replacement of broad leaf forests by conifer species where the
area involved is less than ten hectares is also exempt under the provisions.
Policy
RD 23 To support the Government Forestry Strategy in co-operation with Coillte,

which aims to increase forest cover and to encourage state and private
forestation, both native broad leaf and coniferous species, in appropriate
locations.
3.7 Energy
The policy of the council in relation to energy conservation and generation is detailed in
chapter 9. However, in a rural development context, particularly in relation to the
production of renewable fuel sources such as wind farms, biomass and solar energy,
renewable energy production provides a significant opportunity for the generation of
rural based economic activity and employment. The council will have regard to the
relevant guidelines concerning such developments including the suitability of the
proposed location (see map 9.1), nature of use, scale and feasibility of the proposal.
Policy
RD 24 To support the development of renewable energy resources in rural areas

where proposals are consistent with the landscape objectives of the Plan,
the protection of the natural and built environment and the visual and
residential amenities of the area.
RD 25 To consider any individual renewable energy proposal on its merits having
regard to the Wind Energy Development Guidelines for Planning
Authorities and any other relevant guidance.
3.8 Extractive Industry and Building Materials Production

County Louth has significant deposits of high grade stone, sand and gravel quarries,
with substantial building sand reserves in the Cooley area. The council is aware that
where such resources exist there will be a demand for their extraction. The council will
facilitate the recovery of this important resource subject to the overall protection of the
environment.
Section 261 of the Planning and Development Act 2000 required the registration of all
quarries within the functional areas of planning authorities. A total of twelve quarries
have been registered in County Louth.

The Quarry and Ancillary Facilities Guidelines for Planning Authorities document
(2004) provides guidance to planning authorities on how to manage the development
of extractive industries in a sustainable manner.
The council will seek to protect established or potential quarry resources from
inappropriate development, that would jeopardise their recovery and to safeguard
valuable, un-worked deposits for future extraction. During the period of the Plan, the
council will consider the feasibility of carrying out an analysis and mapping of
aggregate reserves in the county in conjunction with the Geological Survey of Ireland.
(GSI)
Policy
RD 26 To ensure that all existing and proposed quarries comply with the
requirements of the document Quarry and Ancillary Facilities Guidelines
for Planning Authorities, 2004.
RD 27 To prevent development that would hinder the efficient or effective recovery
of the countys aggregate resources.
RD 28 To ensure that the extraction of stone and mineral materials is carried out in
a manner that is sustainable and has due regard to the protection of the
environment.
RD 29 To refer any application for development to the Geological Survey of Ireland,
where it relates to mineral extraction, quarrying developments/extensions
and any development involving excavations greater than 50,000m in
volume or one hectare in area.
3.8.1 Development Management Criteria
In assessing applications for new quarries and extensions to existing quarries, the
council will have regard to the following:
Registration of quarries under Section 261 (Control of Quarries) of the Planning

and Development Act 2000.
Visual impact on sensitive landscapes.
Environmental impact and mitigation measures proposed in the environmental
impact statement (EIS) submitted with planning applications, where required.
Require a detailed and progressive restoration and rehabilitation plan for the
aftercare and re-use of the site, to be submitted as part of the proposed
development.
Minimising effects on residential amenity through the imposition of conditions
regarding hours of operation, dust and noise emissions.
Ensure that public roads are not unduly damaged by quarry and pit related traffic
and to impose a special contribution on Section 48(2) in respect of any road works
which the council is required to carry out to facilitate the development.
Methods of extraction, noise levels, dust prevention, protection of rivers, lakes and
other water sources.
The council welcomes the joint publication of the Irish Concrete Federation and the
Geological Survey of Ireland of the document, Geological Guidelines for Extractive

Industries and will expect that members will operate their quarries in accordance with
them.
3.9 Residential Development in Rural Areas

The council has always recognised and accepted the importance of rural housing in
meeting local housing needs and in sustaining rural services such as primary schools,
post offices and village shops. The council also accepts what it considers as the
legitimate aspirations of people who are born and raised in the countryside wishing to
reside within their own community.
Specific rural housing policies including qualifying criteria based on local needs is set
out in detail in paragraph 4.6 of chapter 4 of this plan.
Policy
RD 30 To apply a presumption in favour of granting planning permissions to bone-

fide applicants for rural generated housing where the qualifying criteria set
down in chapter 4, (paragraph 4.6.2) are met and where standards in
relation to siting, design, drainage and traffic safety set down in the Plan are
achieved.
RD 31 To apply a presumption against urban generated housing in the rural areas of
the county or where standards in relation to siting design, drainage and traffic
safety set down in the Plan are not achieved.
3.10 Development Zones

In order to ensure development in the countryside takes place in a sustainable and
appropriate manner, the county area was divided into six development control zones in
the County Development Plan 2003 2009. The purpose of these development control
zones was to conserve and protect the amenities of rural areas and to promote
development in a sustainable manner. These zones also assisted in the operation of
the development management function of the council with regard to planning
applications for developments in rural areas.
This Plan continues the approach taken in the 2003 2009 Plan. Some modifications
to the control zone boundaries have been made in light of experience gained during
the operation of the previous plan. In this regard it is proposed to amalgamate the
areas of the county formerly referred to as Control Zones 5 and 6. Other changes
include an extension to Control Zone 4 (green belts), alterations to the boundaries of
Control Zone 3 and additional areas incorporated within Control Zone 2. It should be
noted that in the interest of clarity, the areas formerly referred to as Control Zones are
now referenced as Development Zones 1 to 5. The extent of each of these zones is
outlined in map 3.2 in appendix 11.
In exercising its development management role, the council will have regard to the
strategic objectives of the Development Zones 1 to 5, specific aspects of siting and
design and specific policies in relation to development management standards, roads,
sanitary services and environmental constraints. In relation to rural housing, the council
will be guided by design and siting criteria as set out in the document Building

Sensitively and Sustainably in County Louth and the guidelines contained in chapter 4
of this Plan.
3.10.1 Development Zone 1 - To preserve and protect the natural unspoilt physical
landscapes.
Zone 1 relates principally to the high mountainous areas of Cooley, Feede, and
Ravensdale.
Due to the extremely sensitive landscapes of this zone which include proposed Natural
Heritage Areas, Special Conservation Areas and Special Protection Areas (refer to
chapter 2), this unspoilt landscape must be protected from harmful development. As
such, only very limited development appropriate to these sensitive landscapes will be
considered, except by way of extensions to existing authorised uses.
Policy
RD 32 To permit only very limited development appropriate to these sensitive

landscapes. This would include active recreational amenities such as
pedestrian and cycle paths, equestrian trails, ecological corridors, small scale
ancillary recreational facilities, agriculture and related activities. Certain
unique, location tied or resource based developments and renewable energy
schemes will be open to consideration.
RD 33 Development of a residential, commercial, industrial or other similar nature
will not be considered appropriate.
3.10.2 Development Zone 2 - To protect the scenic quality of the landscape and
facilitate development required to sustain the existing rural community.
Zone 2 relates to areas that are to be found in the lower regions of the Cooley
Mountains, in Upper Faughart, Ardee Bog, Hamilstown, Fieldstown, Monasterboice,
Mount Oriel, Dunany Point and the Boyne Valley. The area covered by this
development zone contains landscapes of high scenic quality which the council
considers should be protected. There is, however, a substantial existing rural
population within these areas and the Plan supports the continued vibrancy and vitality
of these communities.
Policy
RD 34 To permit only essential resource and infrastructure based developments

and developments necessary to sustain the existing local rural community.
Such development would include limited one-off housing*, farm
developments, extensions to existing authorised uses, tourism related
projects (excluding holiday homes) and renewable energy schemes.
RD 35 Multi-unit residential, large scale intensive industrial, agricultural and
commercial developments or other developments of a similar scale or nature
would not be considered appropriate within this zone.

3.10.3 Development Zone 3 - To protect the recreational and amenity value of the coast.
The coastline of County Louth stretches from the County Down border, along
Carlingford Lough and Dundalk Bay to the Boyne Estuary outside Drogheda. It is of
considerable intrinsic, special amenity and recreational value. Furthermore, the
coastline is home to a variety of natural habitats and many species of flora and fauna.
The coastline is protected by a number of statutory designations. Special Areas of
Conservation (SAC), proposed Natural Heritage Areas (NHA) and Special Protection
Areas (SPA) designations cover much of the coastline. For the purposes of the Plan,
the coastline, Zone 3, is that outlined on map 3.2 in appendix 11.
Policy
RD 36 To only permit development that would not be detrimental to the visual and
recreational amenities of the coast. Such development would include limited
one-off housing*, extensions to existing authorised uses and farmyards,
tourism, (excluding holiday homes) leisure and recreation related projects,
and renewable energy schemes.
RD 37 Multi-unit residential developments, large-scale intensive agricultural,
industrial and commercial developments or other developments of similar
scale or nature would not be considered appropriate within this zone.
3.10.4 Development Zone 4 - To provide for a greenbelt area around the urban centres
of Dundalk, Drogheda and Ardee.
It is an objective of the council to preserve a clear distinction between the built up

areas of settlements and the surrounding countryside. In this regard, greenbelt areas
are proposed surrounding the main urban settlements of Dundalk, Drogheda and
Ardee.
Policy
RD 38 To permit limited one-off housing*, extensions to existing authorised uses and

farmyards, institutional and educational facilities, sports and recreation,
tourism, (excluding holiday homes), leisure and recreation related projects and
renewable energy schemes.
RD 39 Multi-unit residential, large scale industrial and commercial developments, or
other developments of similar scale or nature, would not be considered
appropriate within this zone.
3.10.5 Development Zone 5 - To protect and provide for the development of agriculture
and sustainable rural communities and to facilitate certain resource based and
location specific developments of significant regional or national importance.
Critical infrastructure projects of local, regional or national importance will also
be considered within this zone.
Zone 5 encompasses an extensive area of land outside the greenbelts, extending from
the eastern section of the Cooley peninsula in the north, to the western boundary of the
county, Drogheda in the south and the Irish Sea in the east. Over the past number of
years, this area has been subject to increasing pressure for development of one-off

rural housing and other commercial and industrial type developments due to proximity
to Dublin and access to the M1 motorway. This area is extensively farmed and
contains some of the finest agricultural land in the county.
It is an objective of this Plan, from both social and economic perspectives, that
agricultural activity and local communities should be protected and permitted to
develop and prosper in this area. This area also affords opportunities for certain
resource based and location specific developments and critical infrastructure projects
of significant regional or national importance. Such development proposals will be
subject to the provision of adequate environmental and landscape protection and the
provisions of the Interchange Strategy.
Policy
RD 40 To consider developments falling within the following categories; limited one-

off housing*, agricultural developments; developments to be used for leisure,
recreation and tourism; holiday accommodation including cottages and
lodges where these are part of an existing or proposed integrated tourism
complex; hotels/ guest houses / B & Bs; extensions to existing authorised
commercial and industrial developments; diversified agricultural activity and
farm enterprises; renewable energy schemes, public utility infrastructure,
certain resource based and location specific developments of significant
regional or national importance and critical infrastructure projects.
RD 41 Multi-unit residential, conventional industrial and commercial development
appropriate to existing settlements, developments directly adjacent to rural
motorway interchanges would not be considered appropriate within this zone.
*The qualifying criteria in respect of one-off rural housing are set out in Chapter 4.
3.10.6 Summary of Strategy Objectives for each Development Zones 1 to 5.
Table 3.3 sets out in summary the strategic objectives for the five Development Zones
as set above.
Table 3.3: Strategic Objectives for Development Zones 1 to 5
Zone Strategic Objective
1 To preserve and protect the natural unspoilt physical landscapes.

2 To protect the scenic quality of the landscape and facilitate development
required to sustain the existing rural community.
3 To protect the recreational and amenity value of the coast.
4 To provide for a greenbelt area around the urban centres of Dundalk,

Drogheda and Ardee.

5 To protect and provide for the development of agriculture and sustainable

rural communities and to facilitate certain resource based and location
specific developments of significant regional or national importance.
Critical infrastructure projects of local, regional or national importance will
also be considered within this zone.


Chapter 4
Settlement Strategy
4.1 Introduction
The aim of this chapter is
to confirm the settlement
hierarchy within the
county, promote
sustainable residential
development within
existing towns and villages
and to make provision for
sustainable housing in the
rural areas of the county.
The policies as set out in this section of the Plan seek to build upon the provisions of
the County Development Plan 2003 - 2009 while having regard to national and regional
policy and guidelines.
Over the period of the previous plan, there has been huge pressure for residential
development in the towns and villages of County Louth, including demand for one-off
houses in the countryside. The availability of more affordable housing in County Louth
in comparison to other areas closer to Dublin city, together with enhanced transport
infrastructure, has resulted in the generation of considerable commuter traffic to the
capital.
The settlement strategy set out in the Plan acknowledges the primary positions of
Dundalk and Drogheda at the top of the settlement hierarchy. The Plan seeks to
prioritise sustainable residential development in these towns and their environs, so that
they may achieve critical mass and enhance their capacity to attract new investment
and employment, services and improved public transport.
The settlement strategy also seeks to guide the sympathetic development of Ardee,
Dunleer and other rural towns, villages and settlements in a fashion that will promote
sustainable forms of development, that is, consistent with the proper planning and
sustainable development of the county and with the National Spatial Strategy and the
Regional Planning Guidelines. In this regard, it is considered important that
development permitted within the towns and villages of the county is commensurate
with their existing populations and their position within the settlement hierarchy and
does not result in an excessive or disproportionate level of development.
It is considered that the level of rural housing that continues to be permitted within the
county, in addition to its impact on the countryside, has a potentially detrimental effect
on the viability of existing settlements. This section sets out a settlement strategy
based on sustaining a vibrant network of settlements across a range of urban and rural
locations throughout the county that is economically, socially and environmentally
sustainable.

Chapter 4 Settlement Strategy
4.2 Population Distribution

County Louth is the most urbanised county in the state outside of Dublin. The 2006
census figures confirm that 65% of the population of the county is classified as urban
and 35% classified as rural. The census definition of urban is, settlements of 1,500
persons or more. Therefore, the towns of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer are
within the urban definition while all other towns and villages are deemed to be rural.
Table 4.1 shows the distribution of the population in the county vis--vis the urban and
rural divide as per the census classification. It also illustrates the dominance of
Dundalk and Drogheda within the settlement hierarchy.
Table 4.1: Population Distribution in County Louth
Settlements Population distribution within county

Dundalk and Drogheda 58%
Ardee and Dunleer 7%
Rural towns, villages and countryside 35%
4.3 Settlement Hierarchy

In Louth County Development Plan 2003 - 2009, a clearly identifiable four tier
settlement hierarchy was set out composed of both of urban and rural settlements. It is
considered appropriate, where feasible, to make provision in the Plan for the upgrading
of a number of Category II Settlements by the provision of public drainage facilities.
The revised settlement hierarchy which contains an additional level is set out in table
4.2.
The settlement hierarchy is based on factors such as size of population, range of

services, the extent and range of community and other facilities available.
Table 4.2: Settlement Hierarchy
Level Settlements
1 Dundalk and Drogheda
2 Ardee and Dunleer
3 Annagassan, Castlebellingham/Kilsaran, Carlingford, Clogherhead,

Collon, Dromiskin, Knockbridge, Louth Village, Omeath, Tallanstown,
Termonfeckin/Baltray, Tullyallen.
4 Ballapousta, Darver, Grange, Gyles Quay, Kilcurry, Kilkerley, Lordship,

Mountbagnal, Ravensdale I, Sandpit, Stabannon.
5 Ballagan, Bellurgan, Benagh, Dillonstown, Dromin, Faughart Lower,

Fieldstown/Brownstown I, Fieldstown/Brownstown II, Grange Irish,
Grangebellew, Glenmore, Greenore, Mansfieldstown, Muchgrange,
Mucklagh, Philipstown (Collon), Rathcor, Ravensdale II, Reaghstown,
Sheelagh, Tinure*, Willville.

*In the previous plan, Tinure was placed at Level 3. However due to constraints in
piped services which restrict the degree to which it can develop, it is considered to be
more aptly placed at Level 5 in the settlement hierarchy.
Policy
SS 1 To maintain the settlement hierarchy within the county and to encourage

residential development within each settlement that is commensurate with its
position in the hierarchy and the availability of public services and facilities.
4.3.1 Level 1: Dundalk
The urban area of Dundalk and environs, with a population of 35,000, is designated as
a gateway in the NSS and as such, it is anticipated that it will grow to a level where it
can support a wide range of services and facilities that will provide higher levels of
economic activity, growth and development. Occupying a strategic position
approximately half way
between Belfast and Dublin,
Dundalk is also the
administrative capital of
County Louth. It contains not
only the offices of the County
Council, but also the regional
offices of the IDA, Enterprise
Ireland, FS and the offices of
the County Enterprise Board.
The town contains a highly
regarded third level
educational institution, namely
the Dundalk Institute of
Technology (DkIT).
Ongoing infrastructure improvements including road, rail, telecommunications and

broadband services provide excellent connectivity with Dublin, Drogheda, Newry,
Navan and the NSS hub towns of Cavan and Monaghan. The council sees significant
potential for the growth of Dundalk and its environs and will co-operate with Dundalk
Town council to ensure that the town reaches its population target of 60,000 and fulfils
its role as a designated gateway.
The council will also co-operate with northern authorities in the interest of promoting
development in Dundalk and the north-east sub-region and to promote projects that
are mutually beneficial to both areas, north and south.
In 2003, Louth County Council and Dundalk Town Council came together to prepare a
single integrated development plan for Dundalk and its environs. This plan is currently
under review and the council will work in partnership with the town council to
implement the policies and objectives of the development plan when adopted.

4.3.2 Level 1: Drogheda
Drogheda has been identified as a primary development centre in the NSS. Its
population, as recorded in the 2006 Census of Population is 30,500. Over the last
decade, the town has experienced significant growth principally resulting from its
location close to Dublin, the completion of the motorway and improvements to rail
commuter services.
While acknowledging Droghedas role as a commuter town, the council is keen to

support the policies and objectives of the Drogheda Borough Councils development
plan, particularly having regard to the objective of developing the town as a self-
sustaining settlement providing employment opportunities for its inhabitants and
delivering economic benefits
to the surrounding hinterland.
The council will work closely
with Drogheda Borough
Council to ensure that the
expansion of the town into its
northern environs, which are
located within the functional
area of Louth County Council,
takes place in an orderly and
sustainable fashion that will
support the growth of
Drogheda and not detract from
the vitality and viability of its
town centre.
In 2004, the council prepared a local area plan for the northern environs of Drogheda
which provides for the phased development of three new neighbourhoods capable of
accommodating an additional population of 20,000 inhabitants. A detailed master plan
for the area was prepared in 2006 and adopted by the council as a variation of the
local area plan. To date, planning permission has been granted for a total of 5051 new
dwellings within the northern environs area.
The local area plan also provides for the construction of the northern cross port access
route which will have the positive effect of removing port related heavy goods vehicular
traffic from the town centre. Planning permission for this road has been secured from
An Bord Pleanala and construction, which is being funded by the private sector, is due
to commence during 2009.
Policy
SS 2 To co-operate with Dundalk Town Council and Drogheda Borough Council in

order to facilitate the development of Dundalk and Drogheda and to maintain
their positions at the top of the settlement hierarchy.
SS 3 To review, in partnership with Dundalk Town Council, the Dundalk and
Environs Development Plan 2003 2009 and to make a new plan for the
period 2009 - 2015.

SS 4 To investigate, together with Drogheda Borough Council and Meath County

Council, the feasibility of preparing a unitary development plan for Drogheda
incorporating both its northern and southern environs when the current plan
falls due for review.
4.3.3 Level 2: Ardee
The population of Ardee increased from 3,568 to 4,301 in the inter-censal period 2002
to 2006, an increase of 20.7%. This was mainly as a result of commuter-based
demand for residential development facilitated by the improved road infrastructure.
This demand is likely to continue, albeit at a slower rate, given Ardees proximity to the
greater Dublin area.
The council considers that Ardees

function as a local service and
employment centre within the mid
Louth area should be protected and
enhanced. Consequently, the growth of
the town will be managed in a manner
that provides for gradual expansion, in
line with provisions of additional
employment opportunities, community
facilities and services.
The current local area plan for Ardee

seeks to promote consolidation and
achieve a more balanced growth
towards the northern end of the town.
This local area plan will be reviewed
upon the adoption of the county plan.
4.3.4 Level 2: Dunleer
Dunleer is substantially smaller than Ardee. It had a population of 1,787 according to

the 2002 census, rising to 2,340 in 2006. This represents an increase of over 30% in
this four year period. Similar to Ardee, this increase was based on commuter
generated demand and also facilitated by improved road infrastructure.
The Dunleer Local Area Plan aims to

consolidate and strengthen
Dunleers role as an important
economic, social, cultural, residential
and service centre in the mid Louth
area to cater for a population in the
region of 3,500. The increased
population of Dunleer will contribute
to the critical mass within the
catchments of both Dundalk and

Drogheda and should reduce the demand for dispersed one-off housing in the
countryside.
Policy
SS 5 To promote the development of Ardee as a medium sized town for urban

strengthening to serve the needs of the local community and drive
development within the locality and to review the Ardee Local Area Plan
following the adoption of the County Development Plan.
SS 6 To facilitate the growth of Dunleer to a population of 3,500 with associated
community, facilities, services and employment opportunities and to review
the Dunleer Local Area Plan following the adoption of the County
Development Plan.
4.3.5 Level 3: Category I Settlements
Level three contains Category

I Settlements and represents
villages and towns with
populations of fewer than
1,500. These contain a good
range of services such as
schools, churches and shops
and are serviced by public
piped utilities. They have a
high degree of self-sufficiency
and the ability to cater for
limited additional residential
development subject to
capacity within the foul
drainage system and public
water supply. All of these Category I Settlements are covered by local area plans
which will be subject to review on the adoption of the County Development Plan.
Policy
SS 7 To promote and facilitate limited development within Category I Settlements

that is commensurate with the nature and extent of the existing settlement
and to support their role as local service centres.
SS 8 To review the local area plans for Category I Settlements following the
adoption of the County Development Plan.
4.3.6 Level 4: Category II (a) Settlements
Category II (a) Settlements are settlements that have the potential of being provided
with public waste water treatment facilities. These settlements have identified core
areas which are zoned for residential development subject to the provision of public
foul drainage. These settlements also contain areas which are not capable of being
economically serviced. Therefore permitted residential development in such areas will
be on the basis of individual waste water treatment systems. It is also considered that,
given the extent of the development boundaries of many of these settlements, it would

not be in the interest of

proper planning and
sustainable development to
permit significant levels of
residential development.
The permitted density is as
set out in table 4.3 below.
Maps of the Category II (a)
Settlements are illustrated in
Appendix 6.
Table 4.3: Permitted Densities within Category II (a) Settlements
Density per hectare Density per acre

Core areas 20 8
Outside core areas Minimum site size of 0.2 Minimum site size of 0.5
but inside settlement hectare for each dwelling acre for each dwelling
boundary
4.3.7 Level 5: Category II (b) Settlements
Category II (b) Settlements are generally very small settlements with few if any
community facilities and none have public foul drainage. Given the lack of community
facilities and the unlikelihood that these centres could be economically serviced by
piped utilities, it is the view of the council they are not capable of absorbing significant
amounts of additional residential development in a proper planning and sustainable
manner.
The purpose of these settlements is to assist in satisfying rural generated housing

needs within a structured but low density environment as an alternative to the
development of scattered one off housing. Also, by limiting development to county
based local needs, these settlements are
more likely to be affordable in a restricted
local market and would also afford
individuals an opportunity to design and
build their own home in a rural area.
Permitted development within these

settlements will be on the basis of
individual wastewater treatment systems,
on minimum site areas of 0.5 acres and
maximum floor areas of 220square metres. This is considered necessary in order to
protect the environment and preserve a degree of consistency in design and scale.
Maps of the Category II (b) Settlements are illustrated in Appendix 7.

4.4 County Based Local Area Needs

A county based local need refers to, the housing need of persons who are from County
Louth or who work within County Louth. In determining what constitutes a county
based local need for Category II(a) and II(b) Settlements, the council will take into
consideration the applicants family, work, school and other ties with the county as well
as his or her accommodation needs.
Policy
SS 9 To provide for the construction of one-off type houses within Category II(a)
and (b) Settlements in order to assist in satisfying rural generated housing
needs within a structured but low density environment as an alternative to
the development of scattered one off housing.
SS 10 To zone land within Category II (a) Settlements in identified core areas, for
small scale multi unit developments (not more than 12 units per application)
in accordance with the permitted density set out in table 4.3 and pending the
provision of public foul drainage.
SS 11 To restrict residential development within Category II (a) and (b) Settlements
to that required to satisfy county based local needs and to apply an
occupancy condition of 7 years in respect of all dwellings permitted.
SS 12 To allow a maximum of 6 units in any one planning application for one-off
type houses where public foul drainage is not available.
SS 13 Where multi unit developments are permitted within the same landholding,
planning permission will not be granted for any additional units on the
holding until the permitted development is fully completed and occupied.
SS 14 To limit the floor area of one-off type houses to not more than 220 square
metres.
SS 15 To protect and enhance community and recreational facilities. Applications
which would result in the loss of areas of amenity, important biodiversity
areas, community facilities or playing fields will not be considered
favourably.
SS 16 To ensure that the design and arrangement of dwellings are complementary
and reflect the existing character of the settlement. In this regard applicants
will be required to demonstrate that the proposal is consistent with the
document Building Sensitively and Sustainably in County Louth and
paragraph 4.7 - Rural House Design and Siting Criteria.
4.4.1 Development Management Assessment Criteria for Category II (a) and (b)
Settlements
In addition to compliance with the above policies, the council will have regard, inter
alia, to the following considerations:
Retention of valuable man made and natural heritage features within their
boundaries or environs
The use of traditional and sustainable materials that are consistent with the
character of the settlement
Traffic safety implications

Impact on natural resources and landscapes

Siting of house - how house fits into the landscape and avails of shelter
Site suitability in terms of drainage
Suitable landscape proposal
Orientation so as to maximise heat and light from the sun
Sustainable energy uses
Flood risk considerations
4.5 Rural Housing

The policy in relation to rural housing
contained in the 20032009 plan was based
on local needs which required that applicants
demonstrate that they were functionally or
socially related to the rural community in
which the proposed site was located. There
continues to be a strong demand for oneoff
houses in the countryside as illustrated in
table 4.4 below.
Table 4.4: Permitted One Off Houses 2001 to 2008
Year One-off houses

2001 404
2002 380
2003 313
2004 473
2005 504
2006 480
2007 422
2008 387
When the figures from 2001 through to 2008 are combined, planning permission for a
total of 3,363 one-off houses was granted which is equivalent to a town with a
population of 9,416 based on occupancy rate of 2.8 persons per dwelling.
Whilst the council acknowledges the role of rural housing in sustaining rural
communities, it also recognises that uncontrolled and excessive one-off urban
generated housing in the countryside is not sustainable in the long-term and accepts
that measures need to be put in place to regulate this form of development. A concern
arises that if one-off rural housing is permitted at the current levels, then irreparable
damage will be done to the environment and the legitimate aspirations of those brought
up in the countryside to continue to live within their own communities will be
jeopardised.

4.5.1 National Spatial Strategy 2002 (NSS)
The NSS recognises the long tradition of people living in rural parts of Ireland and
promotes sustainable rural settlement as a means of delivering more balanced regional
growth. The Sustainable Rural Policy Framework in the NSS has four broad objectives:
To sustain and renew established rural communities and the existing stock of
investment in a way that responds to the various spatial, structural and economic
changes taking place, while protecting the important assets that rural areas
possess.
To strengthen the established structure of villages and smaller settlements both
to support local economies and to accommodate additional population in a way
that supports the viability of local transport, local infrastructure and services such
as schools and water services.
To ensure that key assets in rural areas such as water quality and the natural
and cultural heritage are protected to support quality of life.
To ensure that rural settlement policies take account of, and are appropriate to
local circumstances.
Furthermore, the NSS makes a distinction between demands for:
Rural generated housing housing needed in rural areas within the established
rural community by people working in rural areas or in nearby urban areas.
Urban generated housing housing in rural locations sought by people living
and working in urban areas, including second homes.
The NSS emphasises that, in general, and subject to good planning practice, rural
generated housing needs should be accommodated where they arise.
With regard to urban generated housing in the open countryside, the NSS identified
four broad categories of rural areas that require more tailored settlement policies in the
development plan. The four areas identified are as follows:
1. Rural areas under strong urban influence

2. Areas with a traditionally strong agricultural base
3. Structurally weak areas
4. Areas in which there are distinctive settlement patterns
4.5.2 Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005
The Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005 were drafted in the context of the rural
housing policy set out in the National Spatial Strategy. Expanding on the rural policy
framework, these guidelines provide that:
People who are part of the rural community should be facilitated by the planning
system in all rural areas including those under strong urban based pressure
subject to good planning practice in matters of location, siting, design and the
protection of environmentally sensitive areas and areas of high landscape value.
Anyone wishing to build a house in rural areas suffering persistent and
substantial population decline should be facilitated.

The development of the rural environs of the major urban areas, including the
gateways and hubs as identified in the NSS and other larger towns over 5000 in
population need to be carefully managed in order to ensure their orderly
development and their successful functioning in the future.
In a national context, all of County Louth falls within rural areas under strong urban
influence as defined by the NSS by reason of its proximity to Dublin and its strong
urban structure.
The challenge therefore facing the council in terms of one-off or dispersed rural
housing is to ensure that rural generated housing as defined in the NSS and the
Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines is accommodated in rural areas while protecting
such areas from the increasing demand for urban generated rural housing. This
challenge is exacerbated by the pressures deriving from the countys close proximity to
Dublin and the quality of both rail and road infrastructure.
4.6 One-Off Rural Housing Policy
One-off housing refers to individually designed, detached houses primarily located on

large unserviced sites in the open countryside. The overriding aim of the councils
approach to one-off houses in the countryside is guided by the Sustainable Rural
Housing Guidelines. This approach seeks to accommodate, within rural areas, people
who are functionally or socially part of the rural community and to resist demand for
urban generated housing in the countryside.
4.6.1 Local Needs
In order to protect the rural areas of the county from excessive urban generated
housing, the council considers it necessary to retain the local needs provision as
recommended in the document Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines. In the interest
of clarity and fairness it is proposed to extend the local needs provision across the
entire rural area of the county irrespective of which development zone the proposed
development is located.

4.6.2 Qualifying Criteria
Applicants for one-off rural housing will be required to demonstrate compliance with at
least one of the following criteria.
Qualifying Criteria
1. That they have lived for a minimum period of 10 years within the local area in
which they propose to build, do not already own a house or have not owned a
house within the rural area of the county for a minimum of 5 years prior to making
an application,
or
2. That they are the son or daughter of a qualifying landowner, or niece or nephew
of a childless single person or childless couple of a qualifying landowner. For the
purposes of this provision, a qualifying landowner is where the land has been in
family ownership for a minimum of 25 years. One house only shall be granted in
the case of a niece or nephew,
or
3. That they own or operate a rural based enterprise and are proposing to build on a
site immediately adjacent or within the boundaries of that enterprise or that they
are employed in a rural based service that supports the local rural community
and there is a specific functional need to live at the site of their work,
or
4. That they are required to live in a rural area for exceptional health reasons. Such
applications must be accompanied by a medical consultants report and
recommendation outlining the reasons why it is necessary for the applicant to live
in a rural area and also be supported by an appropriate disability organisation of
which the applicant is a member,
or
5. That the applicant is providing care for an old person(s) or a person(s) with a
disability who live in an isolated rural area and who does not have any able
bodied person residing with them. One house only will be allowed on this basis
and the site must be adjacent to the dwelling in which the older person(s) or
person(s) with the disability resides.
4.6.3 Local Area
In addition to establishing criteria for local needs qualification, it is also considered

necessary to have a clear definition of local area in order to implement the rural
housing policy. For the purposes of this plan, local area is defined as being a radius of
four kilometres from the qualifying family residence. Where the qualifying area is
reduced by reason of its location, for example, proximity to the coast, county

boundaries or development zone boundaries, the four kilometre radius may be

extended to include an area equivalent to the area lost.
Policy
SS 17 To permit rural generated housing in order to support and sustain existing

rural communities and to restrict urban generated housing in order to
protect the visual amenities and resources of the countryside
SS 18 To ensure that the proposed development is consistent with the strategic
objective for the development zone in which it is located as outlined in
table 3.3 of this Plan.
SS 19 To require that the design and siting of the proposed house is such that it
does not detract from the rural character of the landscape or the visual
amenities of the area. In this regard, applicants will be required to
demonstrate that the proposal is consistent with the document Building
Sensitively and Sustainably in County Louth and the guidelines contained
in section 4.7 of this chapter.
SS 20 To require that applicants for one-off houses in the countryside
demonstrate compliance with the qualifying criteria as detailed in
paragraph 4.6.2.
SS 21 Applicants, who qualify to build within a rural area on the basis of residency
within development zone 5, will not be deemed to qualify to build within any
other development zone.
SS 22 To apply a presumption against granting planning permission within
development zones 2, 3 and 4 where there is an alternative site available
in zone 5.
SS 23 To attach an occupancy condition of 7 years in respect of all planning
permissions for new dwellings in rural areas.
4.6.4 Development Management Assessment Criteria for One-Off Rural Housing
In addition to compliance with the above rural housing policy, the council will have
regard, inter alia, to the following considerations in assessing all applications for one-
off rural houses:
The number of existing houses and permissions granted in the vicinity of the site
The number of houses developed and granted permission on the landholding
The quality and capacity of the road network serving the site
Breaking the skyline and visual impact
Existing hedgerows and trees which would be affected by the proposed
development
Use of materials which are traditional and indigenous to the area as far as
practical
Proximity to local services such as schools and shops
Proximity to public transport and degree of car dependency
Impact on farming practice and rural based activities
Traffic safety
Impact on natural resources and landscapes

Siting of house, how house fits into the landscape and avails of existing natural
shelter
Site suitability in terms of drainage and compliance with EPA guidelines
Suitable landscaping proposals
Orientation so as to maximise heat and light from the sun
Sustainable energy uses
Flood risk considerations where apparent
Regard to policies TC 5 to TC 8 in relation to road infrastructure where
appropriate
4.6.5 Clustered Housing Developments
Clustered development of 2, 3 or 4 rural houses may be considered on appropriate

sites. Cluster means to bunch or crowd together. In terms of rural housing, it should
reflect a traditional clachan type layout where the houses are positioned in an adhoc
manner, not regimented or suburban in character, and are accessed by a rural type
lane where footpaths and public lighting will not normally be required.
An outline application for cluster development should be accompanied by a design

brief, including sketches of proposed dwellings, details of size, footprint, form,
arrangement and orientation and a photomontage of their setting. Proposed dwellings
should illustrate conformity in design and materials but should not be identical. In order
to facilitate a clustering effect, site areas should be 0.2 hectares (0.5 acres) and
dwellings should have a maximum floor area, including any extensions, of 220 square
metres.
Applications for permission and permission consequent must be made on an individual

house basis by the intended occupier who shall be subject to the qualifying criteria for
one-off houses as set out in paragraph 4.6.2.
Policy
SS 24 To only permit clustered development of 2, 3 or 4 dwellings which reflect a

traditional clachan type layout, which can be incorporated into the
landscape in an unobtrusive, discreet manner and be accessed by a rural
style lane.
SS 25 To require that any dwelling permitted within a clustered development has a
site area of 0.2 hectares (0.5 acres) and a maximum floor area, including any
extensions thereto, of 220 square metres.
4.6.6 Replacement Houses
There will be a presumption against the

demolition of vernacular dwellings where
restoration or adaptation is a feasible option.
Replacement dwellings will only be considered

where the roof, external and internal walls are
substantially intact and where the structure was
last used as a habitable dwelling. Sites on which

replacement dwellings are sought tend to be naturally secluded with mature

landscaped settings. Hence, the replacement dwelling should incorporate the footprint
of the replaced house in order to avail of existing landscape features and vegetation,
thus enabling the new development to be accommodated and absorbed in the
landscape in an unobtrusive manner.
Policy
SS 26 To apply a presumption against the demolition of vernacular dwellings where

restoration or adaptation is a feasible option.
SS 27 To permit a replacement dwelling only where the existing development is
deemed unsuitable for restoration but where the roof, external and internal
walls of the existing dwelling is substantially intact and where the structure
was last used as a habitable dwelling.
SS 28 To restrict the floor area of the replacement dwelling to a maximum of 200
square metres or an additional 25% of the footprint of the existing house,
whichever is the greater.
SS 29 To require the replacement dwelling to incorporate the footprint of the
replaced house in order to avail of existing landscape features and
vegetation.
4.6.7 Refurbishment of Existing Dwellings in Rural Areas
The stock of traditional vernacular houses in County Louth, including thatched houses,
has decreased alarmingly in recent years. Whilst not perhaps affording the standard of
accommodation required by the current generation, these homes are an integral part of
the heritage of the county and should be
retained. They usually occupy mature,
well secluded settings and as such, sit
very comfortably within the landscape.
With carefully designed extensions and
sensitive restoration, these houses can
be brought up to a standard capable of
meeting modern day demands. Hence,
the council will encourage applicants and
owners along this path in the interests of
preserving Louths valuable vernacular
heritage.
Policy
SS 30 To encourage the sensitive refurbishment of existing vernacular buildings in

the interest of preserving the built heritage of County Louth.
SS 31 To ensure that the design of the proposed refurbishment does not erode the
siting and setting and the character of the existing building.
SS 32 To ensure that the design, scale and materials used in the refurbishment are
in keeping and sympathetic with the original dwelling and the size of any
extension does not exceed 100% of the existing floor area.
SS 33 To require that mature landscape features are retained and enhanced, as
appropriate.

4.6.8 Accommodation for Dependent Relatives
The demand for accommodation to meet the needs of older people and dependent
relatives will inevitably increase due to the rise in average life expectancy. This has led
to a demand for custom built extensions to family dwellings or the conversion of
garages or other structures within the curtilage for this purpose. The council sees
considerable merit in this form of accommodation for older and dependent people and
will favourably consider any such proposal subject the following criteria.
Accommodation for dependant relatives by way of extension to the existing dwelling

shall:
Be attached to the existing dwelling

Be linked internally with the existing dwelling
Not exceed a gross floor areas of 50 square metres
Not have a separate access provided to the front elevation of the dwelling
Where it is proposed to convert and/or extend an existing garage or outbuilding within

the curtilage for this purpose, planning permission will depend on whether the
development provides a modest scale of accommodation only and that the unit
remains in the same ownership as that of the existing dwelling on the site. Where an
extension to an existing garage or outbuilding is required in order to provide a
satisfactory level of accommodation, the existing and proposed additional floor area
shall not exceed 50 square metres.
Proposals must also accord with normal planning considerations such as the ability of
the site to accommodate the unit, compliance with environmental standards, septic
tank requirements, drainage, water and amenity.
Policy
SS 34 To facilitate the provision of accommodation for older people and dependant

relatives within the curtilage of the existing family home subject to the
compliance with the above criteria.
4.6.9 Site Size
It is not only the number of one-off dwellings in the countryside that has a negative
impact on the character of rural areas but also their size and design. The favourable
economic conditions and increased incomes over the past decade have resulted in a
demand for much larger houses, many with floor areas exceeding 400 square metres.
These larger houses, many of which are poorly designed and located on restricted
sites, are very obtrusive and damaging to the rural landscape and environment.
In the County Development Plan 2003 - 2009, the council considered it necessary to
relate the size of the house to the area of the site. However the restriction applied has
not proved sufficient to lessen the impact of larger houses being built in rural areas.
Therefore new site size requirements, as set out in table 4.5 below, have been
introduced.

Table 4.5: House Size and Site Area Ratio
House size in square Minimum site size in Minimum site size in

metres (m) hectares acres
200 or under 0.2 0.5

200 to 300 0.6 1.5
300 to 400 1.2 3.0
400 plus 3.0 7.4
Policy
SS 35 To require that the minimum site areas as set out in table 4.5 are provided for
one-off rural houses relative to the total floor area of the house.
4.6.10 Ribbon Development
The visual amenity of many areas throughout the rural parts of the county, and
especially in locations adjacent to settlements, has suffered greatly by the creation of
ribbon development. In addition to damaging the appearance of rural areas, this type of
development also detracts from the setting of towns and villages and can result in road
safety issues.
Having regard to the Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005, ribbon development
is defined as four or more houses in a continuous row along a public road.
Policy
SS 36 To prevent the creation of ribbon development by not permitting more than

four houses in a row along any public road. A minimum gap of 400 metres
shall be maintained between such developments.
SS 37 To preserve a clear break of a minimum of 400 metres between the
boundary of existing settlements and any permitted development along
adjoining roads.
4.7.11 Infill Development
Infill development is described as development that takes place within a small gap
between existing developments. The Sustainable Rural Housing Guidelines 2005
require consideration to be given to the degree to which a proposal might be
considered infill, the degree to which existing development would be extended or
whether distinct areas of ribboning would coalesce as a result of infill development.

Policy
SS 38 To permit infill development where a small gap sufficient to accommodate

one house only, within an otherwise substantial and continuously built up
frontage.
SS 39 To apply a presumption against development that would exacerbate ribbon
development by extension or leading to the joining up of existing developed
areas along public roads.
4.6.12 Extensions to Dwellings
Where additional accommodation is required, an extension to an existing dwelling

often affords a more sustainable approach than the construction of a new dwelling.
Proposed extensions should complement the original building, where applicable
harmonise with adjoining properties and not have an undue adverse impact on the
visual amenities of the area. While the council will have regard to special housing
needs, such as the housing needs of extending families and people with disabilities,
extensions which are out of character, proportion or not incidental to the main dwelling
will not be considered favourably. The size of any extension should be proportional to
and in keeping with the character of the existing structure.
Policy
SS 40 To limit the size of extensions to not more than 100% of the floor area of the
original dwelling subject to the compliance with the house size and site area
requirements as set down in table 4.5.
SS 41 To require that the size of any extension be in proportion to and in character
with the existing structure in terms of design and use of materials.
4.6.13 Access
Safe access to any new housing development must be provided, not only in terms of
the visibility from a proposed entrance but also in terms of the impact on existing road
traffic, through generation of stopping and turning movements.
All applications will be required to show, at a minimum scale of 1:500, how the required
visibility standards appropriate to the class of road as detailed in table 8.4 of the Plan,
can be met. Where compliance with these standards can only be met by removing
large stretches of roadside hedgerow, ditches or stone boundaries, consideration
should be given to an alternative site in the interest of protecting the landscape
character and visual amenity of the area.
Policy
SS 42 To require applicants to demonstrate compliance with the appropriate

visibility and traffic safety standards as set down in table 8.4 of the Plan.
SS 43 To require that new accesses are located so as to minimise the impact on
existing roadside boundaries.

4.6.14 Garages
There is an increasing demand for larger garages, often incorporating first floor
accommodation. Some resemble industrial and commercial buildings complete with
roller shutter doors while others resemble dwellings that are complete with curtains and
blinds. In essence, this has resulted in structures which have a very significant visual
impact in the rural landscape and add to the scale and bulk of the dwelling. In order to
protect the landscape character of rural areas from the combined visual impact of
houses and garages and to protect the residential amenities of adjoining dwellings, the
council considers it necessary to limit the size and scale of domestic garages.
Garages or other domestic structures should normally be separate from the house and
sited in such a manner as to reduce visual impact. Garages integral to the dwelling will
be subject to the maximum floor area of 25 square metres. Detached garages shall not
exceed 50 square metres in floor area, 4.5 metres to ridge height and external walls
and roofing materials shall match those of the dwelling. Toilet facilities or floor space
within roof areas shall not be provided. The use of garages shall be restricted to
parking of private vehicles and storage incidental to the enjoyment of the dwelling
house within the curtilage in which it is sited.
Policy
SS 44 To limit the size and scale of domestic garages to 50 square metres in order
to reduce the combined visual impact of the house and garage on the
character of the landscape and to protect the amenities of adjoining
residential property.
SS 45 To restrict commercial or other uses which are not compatible with residential
amenity.
4.6.15 Roadside Boundaries
The protection of the rural landscape, wildlife and the dense network of hedgerow
boundaries are very important to landscape protection, biodiversity conservation and
environmental sustainability. It is recognised that the accumulated effect of the removal
of hedgerows to facilitate one-off houses in rural areas can result in a very significant
loss of habitats, flora and fauna and detract seriously from the aesthetic value of the
landscape.
Normally, there is some alteration and removal of roadside hedgerows and ditches
required as part of development, in order to provide an access. Such alterations are
often essential in the interest of road safety and in achieving sightlines at entrances.
While road safety is of paramount importance, it is also important to strike a balance
between these two issues. Too often, however, it has been the practice to remove all
roadside hedgerows and ditches just to enable the new dwelling to be seen and to
facilitate the construction of inappropriate boundary walls and entrances.
Planning permission may not be considered favourably where excessive lengths of

roadside hedgerow or trees need to be removed to facilitate the development. Any
planting required shall be carried out concurrently with the development of the dwelling
or in the first planting season following commencement of works on site.

Policy
SS 46 To require that new accesses are located having regard to both road safety
and the protection of existing roadside hedgerows, trees and boundaries.
SS 47 To require, where it is necessary to modify or remove the existing roadside
boundary in the interest of traffic safety, that the existing boundary is
translocated behind the visibility sight line or that a new boundary consistent
with the nature and character of the area is planted behind the visibility sight
line.
4.6.16 Wastewater
Groundwater and surface water are vulnerable and can easily be contaminated from
the disposal of effluent from wastewater treatment systems. Concentrations of
treatment systems in areas add to this risk. Therefore, applicants shall satisfy the
council that the method of disposing of wastewater whether by means of a
conventional septic tank and percolation area or other wastewater treatment system, is
fully in compliance with the guidelines and requirements of the Environmental
Protection Agency Guidelines for Individual Wastewater Treatment Systems and meets
with the policies and criteria as set down in Chapter 10 Environment of the Plan.
Policy
SS 48 To protect groundwater and surface water from contamination from domestic

effluent by ensuring that all sites requiring individual waste water treatment
systems are assessed by suitability qualified persons in accordance with the
recommendation contained in the Wastewater Treatment Manuals -
Treatment Systems for Single Houses, published by the by the
Environmental Protection Agency, 2000.
4.7 Rural Housing Design and Siting Criteria

Landscapes in County Louth vary greatly from uplands areas in the northern and
southern ends of the county, the rolling farmlands of mid Louth, Drumlin landscape
towards the west of the county and exposed coastal landscapes. Variations in
vernacular house design in the past were normally a direct response to the local
environment.
In the past, buildings were orientated to make best use of shelter and sun, using
natural features such as the lie of the land, combined with hedgerows and shelter belts
to protect them from the elements. In more modern times, with the advent of
excavation machinery and modern building materials and methods, there has been
much less importance placed on the need for shelter from the weather and maximising
sunlight for light and warmth. This has resulted in much exposed and prominent
development which in addition to being unsustainable in terms of energy use, has also
detracted from the visual attractiveness of many areas of rural Louth. Many modern
houses are positioned on site to be seen and appear to have been dropped into rural
landscapes from an urban setting.

A great deal can be learnt from examination of traditional methods of site layout which
appear more integrated in the landscape. Less sensitive sites can take much more
individualistic houses, whereas, more prominent or sensitive sites require greater skill
and care.
Policy
SS 49 Applicants for one-off dwellings and houses in rural settlements shall

demonstrate how the proposed design and siting of the dwelling complies with
the document Building Sensitively and Sustainably in County Louth and the
requirements detailed below.
1. All applications shall include full drawings, illustrations and details of all hard
and soft landscaping associated with the proposed dwelling. These shall
include all boundary specifications including those at the entrance to the site.
2. Where stone is proposed to be used for any element of the dwelling or its
curtilage, the applicant must demonstrate to the council that it is from the
locality or that there is a consistency in colour that links it successfully with
other stone structures, ditches, rock outcrops in the immediate vicinity.
3. Where shelter landscaping, new boundary planting and any roadside planting
form part of a development, these works must be carried out to the satisfaction
of the planning authority in the first planting season (November to April)
following commencement of development on site.
4.7.1 Site Sensitive Design
Site sensitive design ensures that the new development appears visually integrated
and sympathetic with its surrounding landscape.
4.7.2 Build into the Landscape
Study the alignment and orientation of older houses in the area, such as the gable face
westwards to the wind in order to maximise shelter and reduce exposure. Choose the
most sheltered part of the site selected.
Figure 4.1 House Set into the Landscape
Shelter using the slope and tree planting Shelter from prevailing wind

Shelter from winds using building forms
Use areas already sheltered by trees, hedgerows, ditches and walls.

Build below the skyline
Look for a naturally occurring shelf and make use of natural folds on the landscape
- set house into landscape.
Figure 4.2 Breaking the Skyline
Figure 4.3: Secluded Site

Set back from the road, retain the
frontage and other boundary
hedgerows and treatments.
Create secluded and private gardens.
Avoid a sea of lawn. Suburban
layouts and garden treatments should
be avoided. Rural gardens should
provide enclosure, privacy and semi-
wild habitats. Hedging to comprise
native and local species. Leylandii,
conifers and pampas grass are
unsuitable.
Avoid parking and manoeuvring areas to the front and large platforms of tarmac.
Place driveway to the side or rear.
Planting zones between path and house softens appearance.

4.7.3 Build, Shape and Plant to create Further Shelter
Use shelter planting which will also soften the form of the house in the landscape.
Use enclosing walls together with outbuildings to create, define and shelter
gardens and yards.
Figure 4.4: Dwelling set into the Landscape
Figure 4.5: Exploit the Sun
Orientate the house to maximise daylight and solar gain in order to create a
brighter home and reduce fuel costs. 30% energy savings can be achieved if a
house is orientated within 15 degrees of south. Glazed south facing elevations
capture the suns energy and limiting glazing on north elevations aids heat
conservation.

4.7.4 Presence in the Landscape - Scale and Form
The scale of buildings must be appropriate to its setting. Single storey houses in
uplands and coastal areas are preferable where they are traditionally prevalent.
The width of the dwelling frontage shall not exceed 14 metres for a two-storey, 18
metres for a single storey or 20 metres where the roofline is broken or frontage is
set back.
The external gable depth shall not exceed 9 metres.
Front elevations should not have any projections or returns other than a simple
pitch roof storm porch if desired. In the case of 2 storey dwellings, a porch
projected to first floor if central may be considered.
A large house requires a large site.
Only use simple forms as illustrated:
Figure 4.6: Simple Form
a) Low eaves
b) Narrow plan
c) 35 to 40 degree roof pitch except
where the gable depth is below
7.5 metres, then 45 degrees is
acceptable
d) Modest scale
e) Vertical emphasis to gables
f) Sturdy and solid
g) Natural finishes
h) Flat fronted
Complicated and alien forms as illustrated below should be avoided.
Figure 4.7: Complicated and Alien Forms
a) High eaves
b) Wide gables
c) Low or no roof pitch
d) Bulky and squat
e) Awkward scale
f) Synthetic finishes for example
hallmark and bradstone finishes
g) Decorative and fussy frontages

4.7.5 Proportions
There are three essential factors:
1. Height of the building relative to its openings. Openings should exhibit a vertical
emphasis. Houses should be designed to minimise the distance between the top
of the ground floor windows and the sill of the top floor window.
2. A high solid-to-void relationship, that is, greater wall surface area than the area
of windows and door openings.
3. A simple, symmetrical arrangement of opening.
Figure 4.8: Proportions
Good Proportions Poor Proportions
4.7.6 Materials
Use materials and finishes that are traditional to the area and in keeping with the
character of the landscape.
Stone used on ancillary wings or on other elements such as garden or
boundary walls can provide an attractive contrast and help reduce the apparent
size of the dwelling. Where it is proposed to use stone on the dwelling or to
construct boundaries, where possible it should be of the locality so that there is a
consistency in colour that links it successfully with other stone structures,
ditches, rock outcrops in the immediate vicinity. Stone alien in colour and type
prevalent to the locality could appear incongruous and will not be permitted.
Inappropriate use of stone including random bits for facing effects, two-
dimensional facing panels and gable treatments and piers in stone walls is not
considered appropriate.
4.7.7 Boundaries
Careful design can integrate new dwellings into the landscape, in particular where new
vehicular openings in roadside boundaries are integrated with existing boundary
treatments. Natural boundaries are also invaluable habitats for both plants and animals
which contribute to the biodiversity of the county.
Chose a site with at least two and preferably three existing boundaries, such as
natural hedgerows or stone walls, to soften the impact of the dwelling.

Preference must be given to accessing sites off an existing laneway or sharing

an existing access, as an alternative to providing a new access directly off the
road.
New frontage should be incorporated carefully into existing roadside treatments
using materials and landscape treatments which are compatible with the
location, such as banks, hedgerows and dry stone work.
Rendered stone walls, piers cast into oil barrels and diverse planting can create
an enchanting entrance.
Leave existing roadside hedgerows and ditches intact as much as possible.
Carefully locate and shape entrance to achieve the required sight distances.
Minimise damage by locating the entrance, for example, where the hedge is
degraded and where sight lines can be achieved with minimal damage.
Unsympathetic fencing, walls and planting should be avoided.
Any sections of post and rail fencing and ranch style fencing will only be
considered acceptable where they are back planted with a hedgerow of mixed
native species matching those in the vicinity of the site.
Within settlements, common roadside treatments should be provided.
Figure 4.9: Roadside Frontage
The new opening should integrate into the existing roadside treatment. The most
favourable point of access is where an existing hedgerow is degraded, or a tree
through age or condition requires removal.

All too often the opening appears as a gash in the hedgerow, filled in with an
inappropriate boundary enclosure such as concrete fencing.
Judicious design can minimise hedgerow and tree removal by carefully locating and
shaping the entrance gateway to achieve the required sightlines
4.7.8 Details
Listed below are a number of design details which have important bearing on the
appearance of rural houses.
Minimal eaves avoiding box soffit and fascia.

Avoid thick tiles on small roofs.
Chimney breast should be internal, with the chimney stack positioned centrally on
the ridge, preferably at the gable end of the dwelling
Carefully proportion chimneys - through and across the ridge line and flush with the
gable.
Figure 4.10: Chimney Detail
Inappropriately proportioned
and positioned
Appropriately proportioned
and positioned
Through and access the

Ridge Line

The size, shape and arrangements of windows are important. The range of
opening sizes should be kept to a minimum and the shape of openings simple,
with a vertical emphasis generally preferable to horizontal. Windows should be
centred either exactly on the axis of symmetry or purposely of it.
Figure 4.11: Window arrangement
Horizontal emphasis Vertical emphasis
Window glazing should divide window exactly symmetrically horizontally and

vertically with glass panes of an identical or as near as possible identical size.
Mock Georgian glazing is inappropriate and should be avoided.
Figure 4.12: Window Glazing
Dormers are preferable on unseen roof slopes. Where used, simple wall plated
dormers are preferred. Slate, plaster or stained timber should be used for side
cladding and PVC should be avoided.
Figure 4.13: Dormer windows
Inappropriate position and scale Appropriate position and scale

Flashings which allow roof lights to sit flush with the plane of the roof slope should
be used.
The design of doors to both house and garage should be simple. Mock Georgian,
mock Tudor and PVC should be avoided.
Where porches are proposed they must be simple in form and detail. Suburban
type porches or the use of different materials is considered inappropriate.
The shape of conservatories and extensions should be simple, consistent to the
shape and in proportion to the dwelling to which it is attached.


Chapter 5
Residential and Community Facilities
5.1 Introduction
During the years of the
economic boom in Ireland,
County Louth experienced
considerable pressure for
residential development.
During this period, much of
County Louth effectively
became part of a functional
urban region centred on the
Greater Dublin Area which by
2006 accounted for almost half
of the States population. Also during the period, both road and public transport links
between County Louth and the capital were greatly improved. This contributed in part to
the growth in population in the county of 17.1% between 1996 and 2006 and by an
increase of 8.9% between the years 2002 and 2006. Population growth within the county
was boosted by in migration of just under 10% during this period.
Central Statistics Office population projections carried out over the period of the previous
plan have indicated an implied assumption that significant population increases will
continue for the foreseeable future. Whilst this could be a likely scenario, it should be
noted that the increase in population should not be taken as a given. This Plan adopts a
more precautionary approach to population growth. Historical experience has clearly
illustrated that where an unstable or negative global economic climate is prevailing, as is
likely during the period of the Plan, population levels can dramatically fluctuate. There is
a risk that population and employment levels will decline due to the economic downturn.
This chapter contains the councils policy in respect of housing needs and development
up to 2015, including details and policies in respect of community and other
infrastructure required to support existing and new residential communities.
5.2 Louth Housing Strategy
Under Section 96 of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 and the Planning and
Development (Amendment) Act 2002, each local authority is required to prepare a
housing strategy. The aims of the housing strategy are to:
Ensure that sufficient land is zoned and serviced to meet the housing needs of all
sectors of the population, both existing and anticipated.
Establish the amount of land required under Part V for social and affordable housing.
Ensure that there is a range of housing types and sizes available to meet the
housing needs of the community.
Avoid social exclusion.

Chapter 5 Residential and Community Facilities
The Louth Housing Strategy was reviewed in 2007. It provides projected housing
requirements up to 2013 and 2015. This review projected a net increase of 3,505 in the
number of households within the county up to 2009 and an increase of an additional
6,824 up to 2015. Based on a population projection of 130,031 by 2015, which is
consistent with the population projection for County Louth contained in chapter 1 of the
Plan, there will be an annual requirement for 1,137 residential units up to 2015. However
it should be noted that this review was carried out prior to the current economic downturn
and therefore the above projections may require downwards adjustment.
The settlement strategy detailed in this Plan seeks to determine where the majority of
these additional units should be best located. There are however other factors including
local housing requirements and market forces that are likely to influence the delivery and
location of new residential units over the Plan period. The strategy has also identified
that, given the amount of land already zoned for residential development within the
towns and villages of the county, sufficient land is available for residential purposes to
adequately accommodate anticipated increases in population. Whereas there is more
than adequate land zoned for residential purposes not all of it is serviced. It is estimated
that an additional 155 hectares need to be serviced by 2013.
Under Part V of the Planning and Development Act, 2000 as amended by the Planning
and Development (Amendment) Act 2002, the provisions of the Louth Housing Strategy
shall apply to relevant housing development taking place in the Plan area. Therefore the
provisions of Part V will apply to housing developments on all sites in excess of 0.1
hectares or more than 4 houses where the lands are zoned residential or mixed use
where residential is included. The housing strategy requires the transfer of completed
houses, serviced sites, a percentage of the site area or other land within the functional
area of the planning authority or a payment of an amount of money for the purposes of
social and affordable housing in accordance with the agreement between the developer
and the council as provided for in the Act.
The number of units delivered under Part V up to the end of 2008 and the potential
number of units for which agreements are in place for housing developments currently
under construction are contained in table 5.1.
Table 5.1: Part V Social and Affordable Housing
Social Affordable Total
Units provided 20 37 57
Potential Part V 217 287 504

(Schemes under
construction)

5.2.1 Residential Mix
Part V of the Act and the housing strategy require that there is a range of unit sizes and
types to meet the varied housing needs of all sections of the community. This is also
necessary to avoid large homogenous housing developments occupied predominantly
by a single socio-economic group. In particular, the provision of increased numbers of
units for one or two persons, starter homes, affordable housing and units designed or
capable of easy adaptation for older people, people with disabilities and people with
specific housing requirements will be encouraged.
Where a mix of conventional housing and apartment developments are proposed, care
should be taken to ensure that the houses and apartments are complimentary to each
other in terms of the design, proportions and materials used.
Policy
RES 1 To apply the provisions of Part V and the Louth Housing Strategy to
residential developments and mixed use developments where residential
units are included.
RES 2 To secure greater social integration and preservation of family and community
ties through the provision of an appropriate mix of house type within
residential areas in accordance with the provisions of the Louth Housing
Strategy.
5.3 Social Housing

5.3.1 Housing Programme
The council maintains a rented stock of 843 housing units. This is a significant increase
from 498 units in 2003 and is a direct result of the accelerated building programme
delivered by the council during this period. The Housing Needs Assessment completed
in March 2008 revealed that 644 applicants are in need of housing compared to 276 in
2002. Off the 644 applicants on the housing list, the majority 371 were single people,
155 were single parents with children and some 118 couples with children.
Building programmes by the local authority are based on an allocation of new home
starts from the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government on a
four year multi-annual programme basis. The Housing Action Plan 2008 2012 sets out
a social housing delivery program over that period including capital allocation. It is
subject to the prevailing budgetary situation at the time.
5.3.2 Affordable Housing Scheme
Under the Affordable Housing Scheme 1999,

local authorities are directly involved in the
provision of affordable housing units on
council land. A total of 69 houses have been
provided by the council under this scheme up
to February 2009. It is anticipated that a
further forty-one units will be added by the

end of 2009. Beyond that no definite proposals are in the pipeline although the Housing
Action Plan has a target of twenty for 2010.
5.3.3 Rental Accommodation Scheme
The Rental Accommodation Scheme (RAS) is an initiative introduced to cater for the
accommodation needs of people who are in receipt of rent supplement for more than
eighteen months and who have a long-term housing need. In Louth at present there are
approximately 1500 people in receipt of rent supplement of which approximately 740 are
in receipt for a period in excess of eighteen months. The scheme is being administered
by local authorities and is intended to provide an additional source of good quality rented
accommodation for eligible persons and to enhance the response of local authorities to
meet long-term housing need.
5.3.4 Social Housing Investment Programme 2009
In February 2009, the government issued the Social Housing Investment Programme
Licensing Arrangements 2009. This scheme provides for local authorities to lease
dwellings for periods of 10 to 20 years from private developers and to rent houses so
leased to qualifying applicants instead of the construction of new local authority housing.
5.3.5 Voluntary Housing and Co-operative Sector
A number of voluntary housing organisations contribute to the social housing stock within
the county. The council recognises the valuable contribution made by the voluntary
housing sector and will continue to co-operate with such groups in the delivery of
housing units in the county.
Table 5.2: Voluntary Housing Output
Housing Association Location Units
Foscadh Housing Association Collon 8
North and East Housing Association Tullyallen 11
Grange and District Housing Association Carlingford 12
St. John of God Ardee 2
Policy
RES 3 To implement the councils Housing Action Plan.

RES 4 To implement the Rental Accommodation Scheme (RAS) and the Social
Housing Investment Programme 2009
RES 5 To facilitate and co-operate with the voluntary housing and co-operative
sector in the provision of social and affordable housing.

5.3.6 Traveller Accommodation
The council is currently reviewing its Traveller Accommodation Programme for the period
2009 - 2013, in accordance with the requirements of the Housing (Traveller
Accommodation) Act, 1998. There are currently no roadside travellers requiring
accommodation in County Louth. The current programme envisages that
accommodation needs can be met through standard local authority housing.
Policy
RES 6 To meet accommodation needs of travellers by way of standard local authority

housing.
5.4 Residential Development
The Department of the Environment,

Heritage and Local Government has
recently published a number of guidelines
in relation to residential developments.
These include the following - Delivering
Homes, Sustaining Communities,
Sustainable Urban Design Guidelines
Standards for Apartments 2007, Quality
Housing for Sustainable Communities and
the Guidelines on Sustainable Residential
Development in Urban Areas and its accompanying Urban Design Manual.
The council will require that all residential developments comply with the Departments
guidelines in addition to development management assessment criteria as set out below.
In particular, the council considers that the twelve assessment criteria grouped under the
headings neighbourhood, site and buildings as detailed in the Urban Design Manual are
valuable as a guide to development and should be adhered to. These are set out in table
5.3.
Table 5.3: Assessment Criteria Urban Design Guidance
Scale Policy Issue Objectives

Neighbourhood To promote places that are locally
Area 1. Context distinctive having regard to their setting
and context.
To promote places that allow for ease of
2. Connectivity movement, permeability and integration.
To promote places that are accessible to
3. Inclusively all in terms of social integration, provide
physical access to all and respond to local
needs.
To promote places that contain a mixture
4. Variety of viable uses and are able to respond to
local needs.

Site To promote places that make efficient use

5. Efficiency of land and are designed to respond to
the challenge of climate change.
To promote places that build upon
6. Distinctiveness existing site assets, have a clear identity,
are legible and easy to navigate.
To promote places with layouts, streets
7. Layout and spaces that are people friendly.
To promote public spaces that have
8. Public realm vitality, are safe and secure, attractive
and accessible to all.
Building To promote places that are designed to
9. Adaptability be adaptable through time.
10.Privacy and To promote the design of buildings that

amenity provide good standards of privacy and
amenity.
To promote the integration of car parking
11. Parking in the urban environment in a way that is
well located, secure and attractive.
The design of the building should make a
12. Detailed positive contribution to the locality.
Design
Policy
RES 7 To require that new residential developments are consistent with the DoEHLG
guidelines and Urban Design Manual.
5.5 Master Plans
Master plans are a valuable tool in ensuring the sustainable development of large areas
of land particularly where such land is in multiple ownership. Master plans should be
prepared by the applicant in consultation with the council and should establish strategic
planning principles for each area including phasing, infrastructure provision, community
facilities, density, layout, open spaces, landscaping and development design brief.
The principles elements of master plans are detailed below. Whilst this checklist
provides a guide to the preparation of a master plan, it is not intended to be an
exhaustive list. Therefore it is recommended that applicants and designers engage in a
scoping exercise with the council in advance of the preparation of master plans in order
to ensure that all relevant aspects of the proposed development are included. The
agreed master plan shall be submitted with planning applications for all areas falling
within the master plan boundary.

5.5.1 Checklist for the Preparation of Master Plans
1. Is the master plan consistent with the policies and objectives the Plan? Where
appropriate applicants should have regard to policy in relation to infrastructure as set
out by policies TC 5 to TC 8.
2. Is the master plan in compliance with the range of guidance documents issued by
the Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, with regard to
design, density, the provision of educational and other facilities and flooding.
3. Is the master plan and design brief reflective of the twelve key considerations set out
in the Urban Design Manual - A Best Practice Guide?
4. Does it establish an overall urban design framework for the development of the area
including design guidance on quality architectural treatments, respect to topography,
urban structure and built form consistent with the established character of the town
and village?
5. Is an integrated infrastructure framework plan included for roads, cycle and
pedestrian paths, bus routes, public lighting and water services?
6. Have the principles of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) and water
conservation measures been incorporated?
7. Has an audit of essential community facilities such as availability of school places,
crches and local shops been carried and where deficiencies have been identified,
has provision been made to address these in the master plan?
8. Does it demonstrate how the development connects with the town or village centre,
adjoining residential neighbourhoods and planned employment areas, in terms of
safe and accessible pedestrian and vehicular linkages?
9. Does it contain a detailed design brief and guidance on the provision of high quality
urban design and built form consistent with or complementary to the established
character of the town or village and adjoining areas?
10. Does it include a comprehensive topographical survey setting out information on
existing land form, flora and fauna including trees, hedgerows and other natural and
manmade features?
11. Has a landscape plan been included, including where practical the retention of
natural and man made features that give character to the area?
12. Does the master plan provide for the phasing of the development in spatial terms as
well as the roll out of essential social and physical infrastructure?
13. Does it provide for the integration of sustainable design and building methods which
promote energy conservation and efficiency?
Policy
RES 8 To require developers and landowners to prepare master plans to ensure

integrated and coherent development of large scale developments.
5.6 Homezone Principles

Homezones can facilitate higher density development due to the provision of on street
parking and by designing the streets as attractive public spaces, thus reducing the
requirement for private amenity for each dwelling unit. As such they are most suitable
for town and village centres and edge of centre sites. The principles are however
generic and therefore applicable across a range of instances and may be suitable in
certain circumstances, especially where higher density schemes are proposed.

Homezones characteristics include:
1. Shared surface for vehicles, pedestrians and

cyclists. A variety of surface treatments suited
to a pedestrian environment, trees, planting
and street furniture. Bollards and street lighting
should be incorporated to afford pedestrian
protection.
2. Features which require drivers to drive slowly
such as speed bumps, ramps, chicanes,
unclear junction priorities and restricted
carriageway widths designed for a normal peak
flow in the region of 100 vehicles per hour.
3. Vehicle pathways should be not less than 3
metres with passing opportunities provided in
the carriageway at least every 50 metres.
4. Entrances clearly marked by localised signage
and physical changes in the street surface.
5. High degree of permeability is important throughout the development therefore
extensive use of cul-de-sacs is not desirable.
6. Bus routes within comfortable walking distance in the range 100 to 200 metres.
7. One way streets are not encouraged due to the tendency for vehicle drivers to
increase speed in such areas.
8. Effective pedestrian and cycle desire lines should be provided.
9. Careful consideration of the requirements of people with mobility impairments
including people with physical disabilities, people with sensory impairment, parents
with prams, young children and older people. Special attention should be made to
surface treatments.
10. Incorporation of a wide variety of housing design and development layout, including
variations in building lines, building heights, deviations in the width and alignment of
vehicle paths, variety of surface treatments and extensive use of street furniture and
planting.
Policy
RES 9 To encourage the use of homezone design principles in the design of

residential layout where appropriate.
5.7 Energy Performance of Dwellings
The EU Directive on the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD) contains a range of

provisions aimed at improving energy performance of residential and non-residential
buildings, both new-build and existing. As part of the Directive, a Building Energy Rating
(BER) certificate, which is effectively an energy label, will be required at the point of sale
or rental of a building, or on completion of a new building.
The current minimum energy performance requirements for residential buildings are set
out in the Second Schedule to the Building Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 497 of 1997).
Amendments to these statutory regulations came into effect from the 1st of July 2008,

namely, the Building Regulations (Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 854 of 2007).
The provisions of these regulations be must be complied with.
The council will encourage both

passive and active solar design
principles in residential
developments in the interest of
energy conservation and the
reduction of green house gases.
Passive solar design refers to
matters such as orientation, size of
openings and glazed areas,
internal layout and avoidance of
overshadowing.
Active solar design does not rely on site orientation or layout but is incorporated within
building design to maximise energy efficiency and includes the use of technology such
as solar panels, geothermal heat pumps and wood pellet burners in conjunction with
very high levels of building insulation. In this regard the council considers it appropriate
that at least 25% of all residential energy requirements should be obtained from renewal
energy sources.
Policy
RES 10 To require that all residential units comply with improved energy ratings as set
out under the amended Building Regulations (S.I. No. 854 of 2007).
RES 11 To require applicants for residential developments to demonstrate that a
minimum of 25% of the energy requirements of the building is from renewable
sources.
5.8 Housing Layout Guidelines

5.8.1 Layout
New residential layouts should have user friendly designs to the forefront and high levels
of connectivity and integration with existing areas. Thus excessively long cul-de-sac
layouts should be avoided. Development proposals should have layouts which provide
for and facilitate all forms of movement with desire lines to create a permeable
interconnected series of routes that are easy and logical to navigate around.
The housing units should be focused on the streets and on creating active frontages by
facing the front door directly onto the street. The streets should be designed as places
where people live instead of just roads, thereby helping to creating a suitable
environment whereby pedestrians, cyclists and children have priority. Traffic calming
measures should be incorporated into the design and layout of the development rather
than by the retro fitting of measures such as speed humps.

5.8.2 Security and Defensible Space
All proposals for new residential developments should be in accordance with the
principles of defensible space. The key feature in defensible space is the importance of
designing layouts which provide natural surveillance and some control over access thus
enhancing the perceived ownership of an area by its residents.
Public lighting must be designed to ensure there are no dark alleys or other un-
illuminated public areas. Housing should overlook car-parking areas and bus stops.
Designers are advised to liaise with the local Garda at the early stage of designing the
scheme in order to secure advice in relation to the elimination of aspects of the design
that might give rise to anti-social behaviour.
5.8.3 Flexibility
Housing should be designed so as to be flexible, allowing for extensions to be built at a

later stage. Larger housing units designed to be split into separate residential units or
workspaces may be acceptable to the council if such an option is designed into the
building at the outset. Appropriate provision of car parking and concerns regarding
residential amenity would need to be addressed.
5.8.4 Access for all
In all proposals for new residential development, adequate provision should be made to
enable people with mobility impairments to safely and independently access and use a
building. When designing residential layouts, provision for movement for people with
mobility impairments should be included at the design stage. Such provision should
provide reasonable access to open space, public transport facilities and other public
areas.
5.8.5 Lifetime Housing
Lifetime housing developments and units are designed to accommodate the changing
needs of the groups, families and individuals who will occupy them over the course of
the houses lifetime. These needs will vary as each individuals circumstances change
and the homes are designed to be inherently flexible in this respect. Lifetime homes
should be fully physically accessible and easily adaptable at minimum cost with
minimum disruption. The principles of universal, inclusive, barrier free design must be
demonstratively applied where possible.
5.8.6 Building Lines
The desirability of creating different urban forms will require a more varied building line in
order to reduce the often regimented appearance of suburban layouts. However, where
there are established building lines, particularly on infill development sites, these should
be respected.

Policy
RES 12 To ensure that a high degree of building flexibility is incorporated into the
design of new dwellings within the county including adaptability to lifetime
housing needs and provision of accessibility for people with impaired mobility.
5.8.7 Bus Routes and Stops
Within larger new residential

developments, care should be taken
to permit full penetration by public
transport services when designing
internal circular distribution routes.
The overall layout should contribute
to the efficient and logical movement
of buses around the area. Bus routes
should be identified and included in
proposed layouts.
Careful consideration should be

given to the provision of bus routes
including the location of bus stops and lay-bys. Bus stops should be provided in locations
where the majority of dwellings are at a maximum distance of 400 metres and should be
located close to the main public road.
The design of surface treatments adjacent to bus infrastructure should highlight pedestrian
needs and include dropped kerbs, tactile surfaces and clear signage.
Policy
RES 13 To require that master plans and planning applications for large scale residential
developments identify bus routes and the location of bus stops and lay-bys in
such a manner as to ensure that the majority of residents are no more than 400
metres from a stop.
5.8.8 Pedestrian and Cycle Infrastructure
The building of new roads, road improvement schemes and new residential developments,
presents opportunities for the provision of pedestrian and cycle routes. Pedestrian and
cycle routes should be as direct as practicable between commercial and residential areas
and major attractors such as shops, schools and other community facilities, including
public transport. There is a preference for segregated pedestrian and cycle tracks where
possible.
In order to reduce dependency on car usage, it will be necessary to improve facilities for
pedestrians and cyclists. The provision of better facilities for pedestrians and cyclists will
encourage the use of more sustainable forms of transport.

Policy
RES 14 To require that master plans and planning applications for residential
developments identify pedestrian and cycle paths within the site and
externally to adjoining residential areas, existing services and
community facilities.
5.8.9 School Transport
Traffic congestion owing to journeys to schools has become a significant element in

morning rush hour traffic. In relation to existing schools, initiatives such as the walking
bus and dedicated cycling routes could provide safe and viable alternatives to the car.
Policy
RES 15 To ensure that provision is made for safe and viable alternatives to the car for
school traffic such as the walking bus and dedicated cycling routes, in any
major planned housing development and in town and village centres.
5.9 Residential Standards

5.9.1 Density
The council recognises the benefits of increased residential density as recommended in

the DoEHLGs Residential Density Guidelines for Planning Authorities 1999. The need
for higher densities was based on consideration for trends towards smaller average
household sizes, the need to encourage the provision of affordable housing and to
support a more efficient use of energy in the residential developments. Sustainable
Residential Development in Urban Areas 2007 reviewed and revised the 1999
Residential Density Guidelines, particularly with regard to appropriate densities in
smaller towns and villages.
The revised guidelines recommend that for towns and villages with a population of less
than 5,000, new development should contribute to maintaining compact forms and its
scale should be in proportion to existing development. The guidelines also require that
new development should provide for easy connectivity to existing facilities especially by
pedestrians and cyclists and that leapfrogging of development at some distance from
the existing built up area should be avoided.
Having regard to the DoEHLG guidelines on residential density and the need to maintain
compact urban form, residential development will comply with the density requirements
set out in table 5.5.

Table 5.5: Residential Densities for Towns and Villages with populations of less
than 5000.
Densities Note
per
Hectare
Centrally located sites 30 plus Mainly residential schemes or mixed use

schemes
Edge of centre sites 20 - 30 Include a variety of housing types

detached dwellings, terraced and
apartment style
Edge of town and 15 - 20 Densities lower than 15 units per

village hectare will be considered provided that
this lower density does not represent
more than 20% of the total planned
housing stock and to reduce demand for
scattered one off housing.
These density guidelines will be applied and further refined as part of the review of the
local area plans of the towns and villages of the county.
Policy
RES 16 To apply density standards in respect of the countys towns and villages as
set out in table 5.5 and to carry out further refinement where necessary as
part of the review of the local area plans.
5.9.2 Private Amenity Space
The provision of an area of outdoor private amenity space, attaching or available to,
each residential unit is important for the quality of the residential environment. Therefore
all new residential units will have access to an area of private amenity space. In
apartment and innovate layouts, private amenity space may be provided in the form of
shared private areas, courtyards, terraces, patios, balconies and roof gardens or any
acceptable combination of these.
Table 5.6: Private Amenity Space Standards
Dwelling Unit Type Min. Private Open Space

Standard
(Square metres)
Houses - 1 and 2 bedroom (Greenfield/suburban) 60
Houses 3 and above bedrooms 80

(Greenfield/suburban)

Houses (Town Centre/brown field) 50
Apartments/Duplexes (Greenfield/suburban)
1 bedroom unit 20
2/3 bedroom unit 40
Apartments/Duplexes (Town Centre/ brownfield)
1 bedroom unit 10
2/3 bedroom unit 20
Where it is considered appropriate in the interests of protecting residential amenity, the

council will attach planning conditions requiring that certain categories of exempted
development permissible within the curtilage of a private dwelling will not take place.
This may include domestic garages, sunrooms and extensions.
Policy
RES 17 To require that private amenity space is in accordance with the quantitative
standards set out in table 5.6.
5.9.3 Public Open Space
Qualitative Requirements
The provision of public open space within residential developments is a key requirement
in the provision of high quality residential areas. The basic principle governing public
open space is that provision should be made for both active and passive open space.
Accordingly, open space networks should be an integral part of an overall development
and provide linkages to adjoining areas of residential and community facilities. Open
space networks should be organised along passive green linear parks, with pockets of
active open space, community facilities and schools located close to or along them.
In proposed developments
public open space should be
arranged to facilitate the
retention of existing landscape
features, such as mature
trees, hedgerows, biodiversity
rich areas, streams, rivers and
archaeological remains. The
provision of high-quality
landscaping, including the
provision of semi mature trees,
should be an integral part of
any residential development.
Finished levels for public open space relative to adjoining areas and full details of hard
and soft landscaping, play equipment and furniture should be provided as part of

planning applications.
Passive surveillance, accessibility and linkages to other public open spaces, existing and
proposed, should be incorporated into the layout. Peripheral areas, narrow tracks, back
land areas and poorly proportioned areas will not be considered acceptable. No area of
public open space should be less than 200 square metres in area and no boundary shall
be less than ten metres in length.
It is recommended that public open space should be provided in a variety of forms to

cater for the active and passive recreational needs of the community.
Informal, flat kick-about areas

Playgrounds for a specific age group, that is, local equipped play areas (LEAP) as
specified by the National Playing Fields Association for 4-8 year olds or a
neighbourhood equipped areas for play (NEAP) for 8-12 year olds.
Circuit training facilities
Formal playing fields
Village greens in larger developments
Landscaped gardens
Small parks or natural parkland utilising existing and enhancing native flora and
fauna
Seating and rest areas
Paved areas should be designed using sustainable urban drainage principles
(SUDS)
Quantitive Standards
Table 5.7 sets down the quantitative standards for open space in residential areas.
Table 5.7: Quantitative Standards for Public Open Space
Minimum Percentage of the gross Site Area

Standard Requirement* 15 %
Institutional Lands 20 %
*Where residential developments are in close proximity to public parks or other natural
amenities or in the town centre, a relaxation of the above standards may be permitted.
Where open space standards cannot be achieved, more intensive recreational facilities
may be accepted by the council in lieu.
Policy
RES 18 To require that the quantitative standards, as detailed in table 5.7, are
provided as public open space in all new residential developments and that
the qualitative requirements described above are adhered to.
RES 19 To ensure that no area of public open space is less than 200 square metres
in area and no boundary is less than 10 metres in length.

5.9.4 Car Parking Provision
Car parking provision is important particularly in low density suburban sites and less so
within high density sites in town centres or close to public transport facilities. Car parking
spaces should be provided in accordance to table 5.8 below and designed to comply
with the principles of passive surveillance.
Table 5.8: Residential Car Parking Standards
Spaces per dwelling unit

Greenfield Sites/Suburban 2.0
Brownfield/Town Centre 1.0*
*A relaxation of this requirement may be considered in certain town and village centre
sites where the applicant can demonstrate that there are satisfactory alternative
transport modes readily available.
The above standards are applicable in respect to both conventional housing, apartments
and duplexes. However, within town centres, where infill development is proposed, the
above standards may be relaxed and a financial contribution in lieu of the provision of
car parking by the developer may be acceptable.
Policy
RES 20 To ensure residential car parking provision as set down in table 5.8 are
adhered to.
5.9.5 Privacy and Spacing between Buildings
The design and layout of a development should ensure sufficient privacy for its intended
residents both within the dwelling and within an area of garden close to each dwelling.
A distance of at least 22 metres is recommended between the windows of habitable
rooms which face those of another dwelling. In the case of windows of non-habitable
rooms, within 22 metres of another facing window, obscure glazing may be acceptable.
Roof terraces and balconies are not acceptable where they would directly overlook
neighbouring habitable rooms or rear gardens.
Where new buildings are located very close to adjoining buildings, the council may
require that daylight and shadow projection diagrams be submitted. The
recommendations of Site Layout Planning for Daylight and Sunlight: A Guide to Good
Practice (B.R.E.1991) or B.S. 8206 Lighting for Buildings, Part 2 1992: Code of Practice
for Day lighting should be followed.
5.9.6 Internal Space Requirements
Recommended minimum internal space requirements for houses and apartments are set
down in the DoEHLG documents Quality Housing for Sustainable Communities 2007
and Sustainable Urban Housing: Design Standards for New Apartments (2007). Internal

space requirements and room sizes are primarily determined by the uses of individual
rooms and spaces. Living room and bedroom spaces should be well proportioned, in
terms of floor shapes and ceiling heights, so as to provide a good quality living
environment for the occupants.
It is important that the standards should relate to floor areas of different types of
apartments and make provision for storage areas, balconies, patios and room
dimensions. In line with the recommendations set out in the guidelines, the Plan
requires that the minimum requirements for apartment sizes should not be taken as the
norm and the majority of apartments in any scheme should exceed the minimum
standard. It is considered that this is a reasonable and necessary requirement to ensure
that new apartment development will provide for a sustainable and attractive living
environment for future residents. In this regard, the Plan sets out the following
requirements:
Tables 5.9, 5.10, 5.11, 5.12, 5.13, 5.14 and 5.15 which are abstracted from the DoEHLG
guidelines set out the required space provision and room size requirements for typical
dwellings and apartments. All proposed residential developments should be designed to
comply with these guidelines.
Table 5.9: Space Provision and Room Sizes for Typical Dwellings
G
GREGAT
Dwelling Type Target Minimum Aggregate Aggregate Storage
Gross Floor Main Living Living Area Bedroom
Area Room Area
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m)
Family dwellings for 3 or more persons (P)
4 bed / 7P House 120 15 40 43 6
( 3 storey)
4bed / 7P House 110 15 40 43 6
(2 storey)
4bed / 7P House 100 15 40 43 6
(1 storey)
4bed / 7P Apartment 105 15 40 43 11
3bed / 6P House 110 15 37 36 6

(3 storey)
3bed / 6P House 100 15 37 36 6
(2 storey)
3bed / 6P House 90 15 37 36 6
(1 storey)
3bed / 6P Apartment 94 15 37 36 10
3bed / 5P House 102 13 34 32 5

(3 storey)
3bed / 5P House 92 13 34 32 5
(2 storey)
3bed / 5P House 82 13 34 32 5
(1 storey)
3bed / 5P Apartment 86 13 34 32 9

3bed / 4P House 83 13 30 28 4
(2 storey)
3bed / 4P House 73 13 30 28 4
(1 storey)
3bed / 4P Apartment 76 13 30 28 7
2bed / 4P House 80 13 30 25 4
(2 storey)
2bed / 4P House 70 13 30 25 4
(1 storey)
2bed / 4P Apartment 73 13 30 25 7
2bed / 3P House 70 13 28 20 3
(2 storey)
2bed / 3P House 60 13 28 20 3
(1 storey)
2bed / 3P Apartment 63 13 28 20 5
1bed / 2P House 44 11 23 11 2
(1 storey)
1bed / 2P Apartment 45 11 23 11 3
Sources: Quality Housing for Sustainable Communities, Best Practice Guidelines for
Delivering Homes Sustaining Communities DOEHLG 2007
Table 5.10: Minimum Floor Areas and Standards for Apartments
Minimum Overall Apartment Floor Areas

One bedroom 45 sq m
Two bedrooms 73 sq m
Three bedrooms 90 sq m
Table 5.11: Minimum Aggregate Floor Areas for Living / Dining / Kitchen Rooms
and Minimum Widths for the Main Living / Dining Rooms
Apartment Type Width of living / dining Aggregate floor area of

room living/ dining / kitchen
area*
One bedroom 3.3m 23 sq m
Two bedrooms 3.6m 30 sq m
Three bedrooms 3.8m 34 sq m
Note: an enclosed (separate) kitchen should have a minimum floor area of 6.5 sq.m. In
most cases, the kitchen should have an external window.

Table 5.12: Minimum Bedroom Floor Areas and Widths
Type Minimum width Minimum floor area

Single bedroom 2.1 m 7.1 sq m
Double bedroom 2.8 m 11.4 sq m
Twin bedroom 2.8m 13 sq m
* Note: Minimum floor areas exclude built in-storage presses.
Table 5.13: Minimum Aggregate Bedroom Floor Areas
One bedroom 11.4 sq m

Two bedrooms 11.4 + 13 sq m = 24.4 sq m
Three bedrooms 11.4 + 13 + 7.1 sq m = 31.5 sq m
Table 5.14: Minimum Storage Space Requirements
One bedroom 3 sq m
Two bedrooms 6 sq m
Three bedrooms or more bedrooms 9 sq m
Table 5.15 Minimum Floor Areas for Main Apartment Balconies
One bedroom 5 sq m
Two bedrooms 7 sq m
Three bedrooms 9 sq m
Source: Sustainable Urban Housing, Design Standards for New Apartments, 2007
TARGETS
FLOORAREA
Policy
RES 21 To require that all proposed residential developments including apartments

comply with the internal space provisions as set out in tables 5.8 to 5.11.
RES 22 To require that the minimum apartment sizes set out in table 5.9 is
exceeded by at least 20% in respect of not less than 50% of the total
number of units in the scheme.
RES 23 To ensure that in any apartment development of 30 or more units, 40% of
the units should exceed 80 square metres in area.
5.9.7 Waste Storage
Adequate provision should be made for the storage, segregation and recycling of waste
and for convenient access for its deposit and collection as detailed in table 5.16. Refuse
enclosures should be designed so that they are integrated with the building or boundary
enclosures and are well screened.

Table 5.16: Provision for Waste Storage
Units type Provision requirements
Detached Direct external access should be made available from the

Semi Detached rear of the dwelling to the public road for collection.
Terraced Communal bin storage facilities should be provided at

Duplex secure, well screened locations convenient to the units
served and for the purposes of collection.
Apartment Communal bin storage facilities should be provided in a

secure well ventilated space within the basement of the
apartment block convenient to the units served and for the
purposes of collection.
Policy
RES 24 To ensure that provision is made for the storage, segregation and recycling
of waste and for convenient access for its deposit and collection.
5.9.8 Building Heights
In general, all new development should be consistent in height with adjoining structures.
Within developments there should be a mixture of typologies and sizes. Except in
exceptional circumstances, the council considers that residential buildings should not
exceed four storeys in height, including roof space development, except where provision
for higher buildings is provided for in any local area plan.
Policy
RES 25 To require that residential buildings shall not exceed four storeys in height,
including roof space development, except where provision for higher
buildings is provided for in any local area plan.
5.9.9 Naming of Estates
The council will require the

naming of residential
developments to reflect local
or historical place names in
accordance with the
Department of the
Environment and Heritage
and Local Government
circular entitled Naming of
Streets and Roads,
Numbering of houses and
the Use of Irish. The naming

of all developments shall seek and gain the approval of the Louth Local Authorities Place
Names Committee.
5.9.10 Public Art
Public art should be provided alongside infrastructure and development schemes

through the Percent for Arts Scheme administered by the Department of the
Environment, Heritage and Local Government. The council should be consulted on
opportunities for permanent art to reflect the areas heritage and to enhance focal points
within towns, villages and developments.
Policy
RES 26 To require planning applications for residential schemes in excess of seventy

five dwelling units incorporate works of public art.
5.9.11 Management
Where it is intended that roads, services or public spaces will be retained in private or
communal ownership, estate management schemes should be prepared and
implemented. These arrangements must be approved by the council and covered by a
condition attached to the relevant planning permission.
5.9.12 Taking in Charge of Housing Estates
The council is required under the provisions of Section 180 of the Planning and
Development Act, 2000 to take in charge roads, open spaces, car parks, sewers,
watermains and drains where requested to do so by the person carrying out the
development or by a majority of the owners or occupiers of the houses involved. The
councils policy and procedures in relation to taking in charge housing estates is set
down in the policy document Procedures for Taking in Charge of Recently Completed
Housing Estates. This document is attached as appendix 8.
Policy
RES 27 To take in charge on request housing developments of two or more houses

where the development has been completed to the satisfaction of the
council in accordance with the permission and any conditions to which the
permission is subject and having regard to the policy document
Procedures for Taking in Charge of Recently Completed Housing Estates.
5.10 Community Facilities

Successful communities require a wide range of local services and facilities. These
include employment, shops, childcare, educational, health, civic amenities and leisure
based activities. All community facilities as far as is practical should be readily
accessible from residential areas by safe, convenient and direct walking routes. In this
regard, the layouts of new residential developments need to facilitate pedestrian and
cycle movements.

It is essential that new residential developments in the county are carried out in such a
manner as to provide for the provision of
childcare facilities, healthcare, nursing
homes, community buildings, sports
facilities and amenity schemes in tandem
with the completion of houses. To
facilitate this, applicants for planning
permission for residential developments
on sites over 1 hectare (2.47 acres) or
for more than 50 residential units, will be
required to submit an audit of community
facilities as part of the planning
application. This should provide details of
all available community facilities in the
locality and where a shortfall in facilities
exist, demonstrate how this will be made good, either through provision on site or such
other means as is acceptable to the council.
Policy
COM 1 To require applications for residential developments on sites of one hectare or

over or for more than 50 residential units provide an audit of existing
community facilities in the locality and where a shortfall in facilities exist,
demonstrate how this will be made good, either through provision on site or
such other means as is acceptable to the council.
COM 2 To identify and zone land within local area plans for the purposes of providing
or extending community facilities where a demonstrated need exists.
5.11 Schools and Education

In July 2008, the Department of Education and
Science and the Department of the
Environment, Heritage and Local Government
published a joint document entitled The
Provision of Schools and the Planning System
- A Code of Practice for Planning Authorities.
This is part of a package of initiatives designed
to facilitate the timely and cost-effective
provision of schools, particularly primary
schools and school related infrastructure. It
includes new mechanisms for site identification
and acquisition.
There are currently seventy-five primary and seventeen post-primary schools and one
third level institution, Dundalk Institute of Technology, within County Louth.

Table 5.17: Primary Schools in County Louth
Ordinary Special Total

Number of schools 70 3 73
Table 5.18: Post - Primary Schools in County Louth
Secondary Vocational Community Comprehensive Total
Numbers in 11 5 1 - 17
Co. Louth
Source: Department of Education
The Department of Education and Science calculates future primary school requirements
on the basis of 12% of the overall population in school catchment areas and on the basis
of twenty five pupils per classroom. The council will adopt these guidelines in relation to
the calculation of future primary school demands and will require that master plans and
large scale applications provide school sites in accordance with it.
Policy
COM 3 To co-operate with the Department of Education in the identification of

need and provision of school sites.
COM 4 To identify and zone lands as required in local area plans for schools and
educational infrastructure as required.
COM 5 To facilitate and encourage multi-school campus arrangements
incorporating both primary and secondary levels.
5.12 Childcare Facilities

Childcare may be defined as full day care, session facilities and services for pre-school
children and school going children during out of school hours. It is recognised that the
increased female participation in the labour force together with social change has
resulted in a major increase in the demand for childcare. Access to good quality
childcare facilities contributes to the social, emotional and educational development of
children. The Childcare
Facility Guidelines for
Planning Authorities which
were published by the
Department of the
Environment and Local
Government in 2001
advocate a more pro-
active role by the council
in the promotion of
increased childcare

provision.
The Departments guidelines recommend the provision of a twenty unit crche or child
care facility for every seventy-five houses within new developments. Where it is
demonstrated to the satisfaction of the council that there are sufficient childcare spaces
available in the locality, the council will not require that additional child care facilities be
provided. Where this applies, developers will be required to provide other community
benefits by way of direct provision or financial contribution in lieu as agreed with the
council.
The National Childcare Strategy 2006-2010 produced by the Department of Health and
Children and the Louth Childcare Strategy aim to improve the availability and quality of
childcare to meet the needs of both children and parents. A new National Childcare
Investment Programme 2006 - 2010 is expected to create a further 50,000 childcare
places.
Policy
COM 6 To ensure that adequate and suitable childcare facilities are provided
having regard to DoEHLG guidelines and the Louth Childcare Strategy.
COM 7 To seek the provision of additional community benefits by way of direct
provision or financial contribution in lieu of the provision of childcare
provision where it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the council that
there are sufficient childcare spaces available in the locality.
5.13 Nursing Homes

The demand for nursing and care facilities for older people has grown over the last
number of decades. Advances in the field of medicine as well as improved nutrition and
quality of life have increased average life expectancy. Between 2001 and 2007 some
217 bed spaces were provided in private nursing homes in the county.
Guidelines for the location of Nursing Homes in County Louth contains a presumption
against nursing home developments in the open countryside for reasons relating to
unsustainability, poor accessibility, social exclusion and visual intrusion.
Policy
COM 8 To require that nursing homes be located within or adjacent to towns and
villages.
COM 9 To ensure that all applications comply with the planning considerations as
detailed in Guidelines for the Location of Nursing Homes in County Louth.
5.14 Primary Health Facilities
The provision of health care facilities is a function of the Health Service Executive (HSE).
The council can assist however by ensuring that provision is made within development
plans and local area plans for such facilities. Where new large scale housing
development is proposed, the council will require the provision of new or extension to

existing primary health facilities. It is desirable that good quality, accessible health care
is provided in the local community.
Policy
COM 10 To facilitate the provision of primary health facilities within towns and
villages including Category I and Category II(a) settlements and within new
large scale residential developments.
5.15 Community Buildings and Sports Facilities

Community buildings and sports and recreation facilities play a very important role in
fostering a sense of community identity and well being. With the substantial increase in
population in the county and projected further growth, it is important that the necessary
facilities are provided through the county and in new residential developments.
In 2006 the Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy 2006-2012 was
prepared. The aim of this strategy is to establish a set of strategic objectives to increase
opportunities for sport, recreation, play and leisure for the inhabitants of the county. The
council will seek to secure the implementation of this strategy over the period of the
Plan.
Policy
COM 11 To ensure that adequate provision is made for community buildings, sports
and recreational facilities, including playing fields and children play areas in
master plans and residential proposals, having regard to the Louth Local
Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy 2006-2012.
COM 12 To resist the loss of existing social and community facilities and playing
fields.
5.16 Disabled Persons

The Barcelona Declaration 2002, of which Ireland is a signatory advocates the right of
disabled people to equal opportunities and recognises their contribution to society and
the environment they live in. Under the terms of the Barcelona Declaration, the council
consulted with people with disabilities and adopted the Louth Local Authorities Disability
Implementation Plan 2008 -2015. This plan outlines actions that the local authority will
take to ensure that persons with disability and impaired mobility have unrestricted
access to their buildings and services.
In addition, Part M of the Building Regulations 1990 requires that all public and private
buildings will have provision for suitable access for disabled persons.

Policy
COM 13 To implement the Louth Local Authorities Disability Implementation Plan 2008
-2015.
COM 14 To ensure that access for disabled persons is provided in accordance with
Part M of the Building Regulations 1990.
5.17 The Library Service

The council provides a countywide network of library services serving individual
communities and the county as a whole. There are five libraries in the county, Drogheda,
Dundalk, Carlingford, Ardee and Dunleer.
Dundalk and Drogheda provide a regional service. Both libraries have hosted numerous
visits by school classes, adult students and other groups. There has been much work
carried out in the expansion of IT facilities for the public. These included courses for
public use on terminals, public cards for use on public internet terminals and the
provision of a wide selection of CD ROMs.
In meeting the needs of people at risk of social exclusion, the library service has
established links with the local office of the National Council for the Blind whereby blind
and partially sighted people can borrow talking books from the library. The council will
continue this policy of establishing links with socially excluded members of our society.
The smaller libraries and mobile library service continue to improve library participation
by reaching communities in the more local centres. The mobile library service has
continued to extend its range of stops to suit the needs of the community, incorporating
as many stops as possible both urban and rural.
Policy
COM 15 To continue to improve the library service in County Louth to meet the
current and future needs of all members of the community and to
strengthen links with socially excluded members and groups of our society.
5.18 Emergency services

Dundalk fire service, Drogheda fire service and Louth county fire service all work
together to provide operational fire cover for the people of Louth. Fire prevention and
building control for the three authorities is provided by Louth County Council.
The major emergency plan was reviewed in 2007 in accordance with revised DoEHLG
requirements and is currently in place. This plan will be reviewed from time to time to
ensure that it remains relevant and up to date in order to ensure the safety of the people
of the county.
Policy
COM 16 To continue to improve the delivery of the fire and emergency services
within the county and to review the major emergency plan as required.

Chapter 6
Recreation and Amenity
6.1 Introduction
The protection of the recreational and amenity value of County Louth is of great
importance to both inhabitants and visitors to the county. Recreation areas perform an
important role in creating a
sense of community by
providing people with an
opportunity to congregate
and also for children to
interact and play together.
In addition to its many fine

beaches and scenic
mountains, Louth has much
to offer in terms of active
and passive recreational
facilities, such as parks, childrens play grounds, picnic areas, designated walking and
cycling routes and other amenities such as Stephenstown Pond and the facilities at
Rathescar Lake.
6.2 Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy and Play Policy
The Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy 2006 2012 outlines the
councils commitment to the development of quality opportunities and facilities for
sport, recreation and leisure activities for all through the protection and development of
both natural leisure and amenity resources.
The adoption of the Louth Play Policy in 2006 and its implementation has contributed
significantly to the provision of high quality, age appropriate play facilities and
opportunities throughout Louth. Playground facilities have been provided or are
proposed to be provided in the towns and villages as set out in table 6.1.
Table 6.1: Existing and Proposed Playground Facilities
Existing Playgrounds Secured Playground Proposed Playground

Sites Sites
Ardee Blackrock Annagassan
Carlingford Kilcurry Dromiskin
Clogherhead Kilkerly Collon
Drogheda (2) Faughart
Dundalk (3) Louth Village
Omeath Tallanstown
Tinure Termonfeckin
Dunleer
Playgrounds may be provided at other sites subject to demand and resources
Chapter 6 Recreation and Amenity
Policy
RA 1 To implement the Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation Strategy

2006 2012 and the Louth Play Policy 2006.
RA 2 To require developers to provide play and recreational facilities in new
residential areas where there is an identified need.
RA 3 To resist the loss of recreational and amenity land and facilities, except, in
circumstances where it is demonstrated that additional facilities are being
provided at a location accessible to the local community or where there are
already sufficient facilities in the locality.
RA 4 To seek improvement in the range, quality and capacity of sporting and
recreational facilities through initiatives in partnership with community
groups and sporting organisations.
6.3 Environment and Amenities

Under the provision of Section 10 (2)(e) of the Planning and Development Act, 2000
there is an obligation on the planning authority to include provision in the development
plan for the protection of landscapes, including the preservation of views and
prospects and amenities of places and features of natural beauty and interest. County
Louth has a number of important areas of outstanding beauty and high amenity value
in addition to views and prospects that require protection.
6.3.1 Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty
County Louth contains two distinct areas that have been designated as Areas of
Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) by reason of their unspoiled natural landscapes
and spectacular scenic quality. These are listed in table 6.2 and illustrated on map 6.1.
Table 6.2: Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty
Reference Area
AONB1 Carlingford and Feede Mountains
AONB2 Clogherhead and Port Oriel
The larger of the two areas is

found in the north of the
county and encompasses the
Carlingford and Feede
Mountains. Slieve Foye at 588
O.D and Black Mountain at
508 O.D are the highest points
in the range. Much of the area
remains in its natural state,
covered in gorse, bracken and
heather, parts of which are
designated a Special Area of
Conservation (SAC) and a
proposed Natural Heritage Area (pNHA) under European and Irish legislation.
Spectacular views are available from a number of vantage points over Carlingford

Lough to the Mourne Mountains in Northern Ireland and over Dundalk Bay to the
central and south of County Louth.
The second area designated as an AONB is located at Clogherhead and

encompasses Port Oriel and the surrounding headland. Although less rugged and
remote than the Carlingford and Feede Mountains, this area, nevertheless, contains
equally spectacular views eastwards to the Irish Sea, southwards towards the Boyne
Estuary and County Meath and northwards over Dundalk Bay to the Carlingford and
Mourne Mountains. This area is encompassed within the boundaries of the
Clogherhead Local Area Plan.
Both these designated areas are extremely sensitive environments and are therefore
afforded a high degree of protection in the Plan.
Policy
RA 5 To protect the unspoiled natural environment of the AONB for the benefit
and enjoyment of current and future generations.
6.3.2 Areas of High Scenic Quality
The Areas of High Scenic

Quality (AHSQ), whilst not quite
possessing the exceptional
natural beauty and landscape
quality of the AONB,
nevertheless add significantly to
the stock of natural scenic
landscapes within the county.
All of these areas are currently

farmed, although the quality of
the land for farming purposes
varies considerably from area to area. The council considers it important that AHSQ
are protected from excessive development, particularly from inappropriate one-off
urban generated housing, in order to preserve their unspoiled rural landscapes.
AHSQ as identified in the 2003 2009 Plan have been retained but it is considered
appropriate to add additional areas at Dunany Point, Ardee Bog and to make an
adjustment to the Mount Oriel AHSQ in order to include the pNHA to the east of Collon
Village.
Table 6.3: Areas of High Scenic Quality (AHSQ)
AHSQ 1 Feede Mountains and Cooley Area

AHSQ 2 Monasterboice
AHSQ 3 Boyne Valley / King Williams Glen
AHSQ 4 Collon Uplands
AHSQ 5 Dunany
AHSQ 6 Ardee Bog
Policy
RA 6 To protect the unspoiled rural landscapes of the AHSQ for the benefit and
enjoyment of current and future generations.
The map below illustrates the locations and boundaries of the AONB and AHSQ in
County Louth.
Map 6.1: Location and boundaries of Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and
Areas of High Scenic Quality

6.4 The Coastline

The coastline of
County Louth
stretches for more
than 120 kilometres,
from north of Omeath
in Carlingford Lough
to Drogheda on the
Boyne Estuary. The
coastline and the
adjoining landscapes
vary considerably in
character from the
steep mountainous
slopes of Carlingford
Lough to the flat and undulating landforms and sand dune systems of mid and south
Louth. There are a number of attractive beaches which provide excellent recreational
opportunities for local residents and day trippers from the surrounding counties. These
include Blackrock, Lurganboy, Termonfeckin Strand, Gyles Quay, Port Beach,
Shellinghill (Templetown) and Clogherhead. The latter three are blue flag beaches.
The production of an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) plan for Louth is a
requirement of the EU and the Irish government. Currently, a national ICZM is being
progressed by the Coastal and Marine Resources Centre, Cork. The purpose is to put
in place mechanisms to manage both the landscape and seascape and to ensure that
the resource is protected indefinitely into the future.
A Scoping Study for an Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan for Carlingford
Lough was undertaken in 2007. This study contains a review of the current roles of
those responsible for the Lough, details conflicts and opportunities that may benefit
from an ICZM approach and recommendations for implementation of an ICZM.
There is an ICZM plan covering the northern side of the Lough and it is considered
desirable that a similar management plan should be put in place on the southern side.
Policy
RA 7 To protect the amenity value of the coast and improve public access to
coastal amenities, including the provision of car parking facilities at popular
beaches.
RA 8 To protect areas at risk from coastal erosion and flooding, subject to
available resources.
RA 9 To co-operate with the Coastal and Marine Resources Centre in the
preparation of an integrated coastal management plan, in so far as it relates
to County Louth and to support the preparation and implementation of a
special ICZM to complement the existing management plan for the north side
of Carlingford Lough.

6.5 Scenic Routes

A number of important scenic routes which require protection are listed in table 6.4
below and illustrated on map 6.2 in appendix 8. Any development that would interfere
with or adversely affect these scenic routes will not be permitted.
Table 6.4: Scenic Routes
Ref: Route
SR1 Faughart Hill, Faughart Upper
SR2 Ravensdale Road (Rockmarshall to Drumad)
SR3 Deerpark Road
SR4 Dromad via N1, Broughattin Doolargy
SR5 Anaverna
SR6 Doolargy
SR7 Jenkinstown (Minor and Hill)
SR8 Ballymakellett
SR9 Jenkinstown to Piedmont
SR10 Jenkinstown to Omeath via Windy Gap
SR11 Piedmont Benagh -Spellickanee
SR12 Bush Windy Gap Edentober
SR13 Bush Carlingford including Commons
SR14 Greenore Carlingford-Omeath
SR15 Coast Road Whitestown- Ballagan Ballytrasna
SR16 Coast Road, Dromiskin
SR17 Townparks, Ardee
SR18 Castlebellingham Annagassan -Clogherhead Termonfeckin
SR19 Baltray Queensborough-Beaulieu
SR20 Slane Road, Townley Hall
SR21 King Williams Glen
SR22 Mount Oriel (Collon Belpatrick)
Policy
RA 10 To prohibit development that would interfere with or adversely affect the

scenic routes as identified in table 6.4.
6.6 Views and Prospects of Special Amenity Value

A number of specific views and prospects of special amenity value are identified in the
Plan and are listed in table 6.5. They are illustrated on map 6.2 in appendix 8. These
views and prospects are reflective of Louths unique scenic quality and are notable for
their natural scenery and striking landscapes.

Table 6.5: Views and Prospects
Ref: Views and Prospects

VP 1 Drummullagh View towards Narrow Water
VP 2 Clermontpase Bridge
VP 3 Clermont Cairn RTE mast
VP 4 Windy Gap
VP 5 Carlingford Lough
VP 6 Glenmore mountains and valley
VP 7 Glenmore mountains and valley
VP 8 Barnavave and Carlingford mountain
VP 9 Jenkinstown Hill towards Dundalk Bay
VP 10 Jenkinstown Hill towards Dundalk Bay
VP 11 Ballymakellett towards Dundalk Bay
VP 12 Faughart Hill
VP 13 Views from Dungooly Crossroads
VP 14 Views of Castle Roche
VP 15 Hackballscross - views of mountains towards Forkhill
VP 16 Killin Golf Course - views of mountains towards Forkhill
VP 17 Dromiskin -sea views across to Dundalk, Cooley and Mourne Mountains
VP 18 North of Annagassan - sea views across to Cooley and Mourne
Mountains
VP 19 Salterstown - sea views across to Dundalk Bay towards Cooley and
Mourne Mountains
VP 20 Corstown - sea views across to Dundalk Bay towards Cooley and Mourne
Mountains
VP 21 Lurganboy - sea views across to Dundalk Bay towards Cooley and
Mourne Mountains
VP 22 From Clogherhead Harbour
VP 23 Callystown to Clogherhead
VP 24 Dardisrath towards coast and Clogherhead
VP 25 Brownstown southwards over AHSQ towards Drogheda
VP 26 Newtown Monasterboice towards Monasterboice Tower
VP 27 Tullyesker Hill overview of Battle of Boyne Site
VP 28 Townley Hall Nature Walk view of Battle of the Boyne site
VP 29 Drybridge Escarpment view of Battle of Boyne Site
VP 30 Waterunder Plateau overview of Battle of Boyne Site (Williamite Army)
VP 31 Mount Oriel northwards
VP 32 N2 Funshog eastwards
VP 33 Millockstown southwards
VP 34 Townparks north and southwards
Policy
RA 11 To preserve the views and prospects of special amenity value as identified

in table 6.5.
RA 12 To improve, where necessary, public access to viewing points subject to
the availability of resources.

6.7 Walks and Cycle Paths

The attraction of walking and cycling as recreational pursuits has increased
significantly in recent years. Both walking and cycling are considered to be essential
components of an integrated sustainable transport system as they provide an
alternative to the private car or public transport systems.
6.7.1 Walks
The promotion of walking as a simple, inexpensive way to increase participation levels

in physical activity across all ages in the county is highlighted in the Louth Local Sports
Partnership and addressed in the Louth Local Authorities Sports and Recreation
Strategy 2006-2012. It is proposed in the strategy to provide more walking routes
throughout the county and to expand the Sl na Slinte routes. A new Sli na Slainte
route has been developed in Carlingford and it is proposed to provide additional routes
on an ongoing basis.
Improvements have been made to the Tin Way in the Carlingford and Omeath areas
by the provision of a safer off road route through forest and on mountain commonage.
Signage of the Tin Way has also been upgraded.
A Walking Strategy for the Cooley Peninsula has been prepared by the council. This
strategy has identified looped walks at Slieve Foy, Maeves Gap, Greenore,
Templetown and in Cooley which will be developed in due course.
Map 6.3: The Tin Way

Policy
RA 13 To develop and promote walking trails throughout the county, utilising

disused transport links where feasible.
RA 14 To provide additional Sl na Slinte routes and to improve the existing Tin
Way.
RA 15 To work in partnership with Louth Local Authorities and local authorities in
adjoining counties to provide a network of walking trails extending both
within and beyond the boundaries of County Louth.
RA 16 To implement the Walking Strategy for the Cooley Peninsula subject to the
availability of resources.
6.7.2 Cycling
The Development of Irish Cycle Tourism East Coast Midlands includes detailed
proposals for a long distance east coast cycling route running from the Cooley
Peninsula through counties Louth, Meath and Dublin. It focuses on areas with high
potential for holiday cycling and details measures to make them popular and attractive
to both domestic and overseas visitors.
It also explores the development of inland routes in Louth and in other counties, with
an emphasis on re-examining the existing Tin Trail cycling route. Dundalk has been
identified as being an ideal cycle hub town where visitors might base themselves and
explore the surrounding countryside using a number of loop routes. The viability of
new cycle paths is under constant review.
Policy
RA 17 To support the implementation of the Strategy for the Development of Irish

Cycle Tourism 2007 in so far as it relates to County Louth.
RA 18 To promote and develop cycle routes throughout the county.
6.8 Amenity Schemes

The council completed a number
of amenity schemes during the
course of the previous
development plan at various
locations throughout the county.
This process will continue during
this Plan period subject to the
availability of funding.
It is proposed to complete the

amenity schemes as set out in
table 6.6 during the course of the Plan. Other projects may be added to this list
depending on the availability of funding.

The council will, where appropriate, co-operate with development agencies and
community groups in the carrying out of schemes designed to improve the stock of
amenity and recreational facilities in the county.
Table 6.6: Amenity Schemes
Location / Facility
Installation of exercise route at Darver GAA training grounds
Additional Sl na Slinte routes
Policy
RA 19 To co-operate, where appropriate, with development agencies and

community groups in carrying out schemes designed to improve the stock
of amenity and recreational facilities in the county.


Chapter 7
Economic Development, Employment and Tourism
7.1 Introduction
County Louth has a tradition of entrepreneurial flair and industrial innovation. Over the
course of the County Development Plan 2003 2009, the county shared in the benefits
associated with the Celtic Tiger and has become well positioned as a major
manufacturing, commercial and service centre catering for both domestic and
international markets. Louth Local Authorities have proactively engaged with the private
sector and other agencies to create strong economic partnerships. This has been
coupled with the development of a holistic approach to economic development which
involves educational institutions, cross border engagement and the establishment of
concrete targets for job creation and economic development.
The key economic strengths and drivers in County Louth include, inter alia, its strategic
location, high quality infrastructure, people resources, education and skills of its
workforce and the high quality of life available to its residents.
Louth enjoys a very favourable location

along the Dublin-Belfast corridor with
close proximity to Dublin and the related
advantages of easy access to Dublin
Airport, Dublin Port, third and fourth level
educational institutions and domestic and
international markets. It is also very
accessible from Belfast and the highly
urbanised north east including proximity
to Belfast International and City Airports
and the sea ports in Belfast and Larne.
The A1/M1 motorway linking Dublin and

Belfast runs through the heart of the
county providing high quality access to
national roads and motorway
infrastructure. The improved level of rail
infrastructure and services provide an
alternative and sustainable transportation
option for both goods and passenger
traffic.
Louth is highly urbanised and has a high density of population compared to other rural
counties. This is primarily as a result of having within its boundaries two of the largest
provincial towns in the country, namely Dundalk and Drogheda. This generates critical
mass and a large and well educated labour force, which is an essential resource for
economic activity and expansion.
Louth County Development Plan 2009- 2015

Chapter 7 Economic Development, Employment and Tourism
The high quality of life enjoyed by the residents of County Louth and which is available to
potential investors is regarded as a major economic strength of the county.
7.1.1 County Louth Economic Development Strategy 2009 - 2015
This report presents an economic development strategy for County Louth for the period
between 2009 and 2015, which coincides with the timeframe for the Plan. It focuses on
the following:
Assessment of the economic strengths and weakness of Louth

Identification and making of recommendations on economic opportunities that can be
successfully delivered
Identification of current and future challenges and threats facing the county
Making of proposals for a unique County Louth brand and a supporting marketing
strategy
Identification of potential funding sources and mechanisms
Whilst it is accepted that the majority of employment growth will be focused on the two
principal urban areas of Dundalk and Drogheda, the Strategy also recognises that there
is considerable scope for new economic opportunities in rural County Louth.
Table 7.1: Key Development Opportunities for Louth as identified by County Louth
Economic Development Strategy
Location Louth is ideally placed to capitalize on the advantages

afforded to the county arising from its proximate location to
Dublin along the Dublin Belfast economic corridor.
People Resources The significant commuter population in County Louth points to

an opportunity to leverage the high skilled labour pool to
market Louth as a location for future investment.
Economic Sectors Existing and emerging strengths would suggest that there are
potential significant development opportunities for Louth in
foreign owned and domestic owned high value industry and
internationally traded services, including high end, specialised
manufacturing, financial and business services and other
commercial activities, including retail.
Louth has particular advantages such as high quality visitor

attractions, easy access to Dublin Airport and accommodation
which indicate significant opportunities to further develop the
county as a high quality destination for overseas and domestic
holiday and business visitors.

The following recommendations for the promotion of economic development of the

county are contained within the Strategy.
1. The county development plan should target an increase in the population of the
county and its main towns to approach 150,000 persons in the county and around
190,000 persons in the wider economic area surrounding the county by 2020.
2. The county development plan should facilitate commercial and other development to
provide additional employment of between 17,000 and 22,000 jobs in the
administrative and economic areas respectively, to support the targeted expansion in
population.
3. County Louth should develop a diversified economic base to reduce its vulnerability
to any one sector or a limited number of potentially vulnerable sectors.
4. A labour and skills strategy should be implemented which supports the required
growth in the workforce while addressing the specific skills required to support the
sectoral economic strategy.
5. Continued and intensified efforts should be directed as a priority at addressing
specific challenges faced by the county in the areas of unemployment and social
exclusion.
6. Deficits in important key infrastructure, such as high quality broadband availability
should be addressed in the county to facilitate economic and population growth.
7. Town centre development should continue to focus on ensuring the development of
attractive centres for the countys main towns.
8. A marketing and branding strategy should be implemented which capitalises on the
strengths of Louth and its constituent main towns as locations for investment and
tourism.
9. A co-ordinated and consistent approach to the implementation and delivery of the
development strategy is required, supported by appropriate structures at local
authority and agency level.
10. A range of public, private and public private partnerships (PPP) funding options
should be explored to support the delivery of infrastructure and other priorities.
Economic development strategies have also been prepared for the towns of Dundalk,
Drogheda and Ardee. The Plan will support the implementation of these in addition to the
economic development strategy for the county.
Policy
EDE 1 To capitalise on the location, natural and people resources of County Louth in
the pursuit of the economic development priorities identified in the County
Louth Economic Development Strategy 2009 - 2015 and Economic
Development of Ardee 2009 2015 and support the implementation of similar
strategies for Dundalk and Drogheda and to support closer co-operation
between Louth County Council, Drogheda Borough Council, Meath County
Council and Fingal County Council particularly with regard to economic
development within the M1 corridor and the implementation of the Planning
Strategy for the Greater Dublin Area.

7.1.2 Employment Opportunities in smaller Towns and Villages
The main centres for employment within county Louth are Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee
and Dunleer and the council supports the role of these towns as the primary locations for
employment generating activities within the county. However, the council also
acknowledges the need for greater employment opportunities in smaller settlements and
in rural areas. The spread of employment opportunities throughout the county is
considered necessary in order to revitalise and sustain rural communities where
traditional employment sources, such as agriculture, are in decline.
The following settlements are identified as suitable for small scale businesses and
enterprise and it is proposed that lands for employment activities will be identified and
zoned in the review of the local area plans.
Clogherhead
Castlebellingham / Kilsaran
Louth Village
Collon
Policy
EDE 2 To protect and enhance the status of Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer
as the principles centres of employment, industrial and commercial activity
within the county.
EDE 3 To secure a spread of employment opportunities at key strategic locations
throughout the county and facilitate the development of local based micro
and start up enterprises.
EDE 4 To identify and zone lands, if required, for employment activities in the review
of the local area plans and to encourage the re-use of derelict and brownfield
sites for sustainable economic or recreational purposes. Planning
applications for development on any such sites shall be accompanied by an
assessment outlining all or any known aspects of the previous uses that
could have resulted in the contamination of the site.
It is an objective to investigate the feasibility of providing a small business park at the

Bush. It should be noted however that the above policies do not preclude the location of
industrial and commercial activity elsewhere in the county, where consideration will be
given on the merits of each individual proposal.
7.1.3 Development at Motorway Interchanges
The M1 has the potential to act as a major stimulant of economic development and
activity by providing high quality road infrastructure and connectivity to air and sea ports
and thereby to domestic and international markets. Motorway interchanges are strategic
locations much sought after by developers due to the desirability and benefits of having
immediate access to the primary road network.
However, uncontrolled and poorly regulated development at interchanges can often be

problematical. This can be due to such development being solely dependent on roads
transport, the possibility of traffic congestion on national routes, the impact on rural
landscapes and environments and the costs involved in the provision of other

infrastructure such as piped

services, electricity and gas. Such
development can also detract
investment from existing towns and
settlements that are badly in need of
renewal and development.
In order to maximise the benefits

accruing to the county from the
motorway and to regulate
development in a sustainable and
appropriate manner along its route,
the following policies will be applied.
Policy
EDE 5 To promote and facilitate development at urbanrelated* interchanges in

accordance with the zoning provisions of the Dundalk and Environs Plan and
the North Drogheda Environs Local Area Plan 2004.
EDE 6 To resist development at rural-related** motorway interchanges.
*Urbanrelated interchanges are Ballymascanlon, Castleblayney Road, Dundalk South

interchange and Drogheda North.
**Ruralrelated interchanges are Carrickcarnon junction, Drumleck, Charleville,
Mooremount and Woodlands.
7.1.4 Cross Border Economic Co-Operation
The emergence of a lasting peace in Northern Ireland presents significant opportunities

for co-operation between local authorities, community groups and the private sector in
the promotion and development of the region on a cross border basis for the mutual
benefit of both.
To this end, the International Centre for Local and Regional Development (ICLRD) has
developed a number of concepts which include the Newry-Dundalk Twin-City Region and
a Newry-Dundalk International Services Zone. It is considered that a twin-city region
would have the capacity to facilitate an integrated approach to the strategic planning and
special needs of the area and to promote a sustainable central corridor strategy on the
eastern seaboard. The International Service Zone concept is based on the Derry-
Letterkenny model. Newry-Dundalk is considered a prime location as a centre for
internationally traded services due to its location at the centre of the Dublin-Belfast
economic corridor.
Consideration will also be given to the carrying out of an economic analysis and
development strategy focusing on the M1 corridor extending into Northern Ireland and to
the counties of Meath and Fingal.

Policy
EDE 7 To co-operate with the International Centre for Local and Regional
Development (ICLRD) and the appropriate authorities in Northern Ireland to
support joint economic initiatives and programmes for the promotion of the
region on a cross border region.
7.1.5 Adoption of a Partnership Approach
A key facet of the economy in County Louth has been the adoption of a partnership
approach towards growing the economy. This is manifested in the work of organisations
such the County Development Board, Louth County Enterprise Board, DkIT, FS, the
Chambers of Commerce and Louth Leader Partnership, Enterprise Ireland, the IDA, and
the Newry-Dundalk Business Linkage Programme. The partnership approach has been
most successful in the work undertaken by the Dundalk Economic Development Group.
The DEDG was established by the Louth Local Authorities in 2006, as a partnership
initiative bringing private and public sector leaders together to promote Dundalk as an
ideal place to live, invest or visit. Its work has been recognised at a national level.
Policy
EDE 8 To work in partnership with development agencies within the county to

promote economic development, enterprise and employment.
7.1.6 Employment Trends and Opportunities
County Louth has traditionally had a

strong employment and industrial base
centred primarily on the towns of
Dundalk, Drogheda, Ardee and Dunleer.
The significant foreign direct investment
in new enterprises supported by the
Industrial Development Authority (IDA)
has taken place in county Louth in more
recent years and this has made a very
valuable contribution to economic
development and employment
opportunities. The Dundalk Institute of
Technology (DkIT) provides a range of
high quality third level diploma and
degree courses in the sciences, engineering, building and construction and the number
of highly qualified graduates coming out of the college each year is a major strength and
opportunity for the county.
The changing employment profile of Ireland has been manifested locally in a shift
towards information, communications and technology (ICT) based industries, specialised
engineering and food processing. Today, the county is rapidly becoming one of Ireland's
principal industrial centres and has attracted new growth in the engineering and IT
sectors, principally to the two major towns.

The quality of infrastructure in terms of road, rail and access to sea and air ports, in
addition to the high quality of the environment and quality of life, makes the county an
attractive location for investment and as a place to live.
7.1.7 Employment Sectors
The breakdown of sectoral employment within the county is set out in table 7.2. Currently
the majority of employment in Louth is in commerce (31.1%), education, health and
social work (22.3%) and manufacturing (17.9%). A relatively low proportion of the
countys population is involved in farming or agricultural activities, reflecting the highly
urbanised nature of the county and the general decline in agricultural employment in
recent years.
Table 7.2: Sectoral Breakdown of Employment in County Louth
Economic Sector Number Percentage of

Employed Total
Commerce 10,756 31.1
Education, health and social work 7,705 22.3
Manufacturing industries 6,200 17.9
Construction 1,828 5.3
Public administration 1,720 5.0
Transport, storage and communications 1,583 4.6
Other 4,752 13.8
Total 34,545 100.0
Source: CSO, POWCAR dataset
The economic boom of the past decade has resulted in a significant increase in
employment opportunities within the county and a corresponding decrease in the
unemployment rate from a peak of 22.3% in 1996 to 11.1% in 2006 (CSO 1996 and
2006). However the 2006 figure of 11.1% is significantly higher than the national average
of 8.5%, which is reflective of the existence of high social exclusion and high
unemployment within the RAPID areas of the towns of Dundalk and Drogheda. The
deteriorating economic climate that has emerged in late 2008 and is continuing, could
have serious implications for employment in county Louth and it is likely that the
unemployment rate will increase, if only temporarily, until such time as there is a
sustained economic upturn.
Policy
EDE 9 To work in partnership with national and local economic development and
employment promoting agencies to support employment generating initiatives
within the county.
7.2 Development Management Standards for Industrial and Commercial

Developments
The council will require that industrial and commercial lands be developed to a very high
standard in campus style settings, combining aesthetics with enterprise and attracting

high calibre business occupiers. In spatial terms this will mean the development of a
series of innovative landmark buildings set in attractive landscaped grounds. New
development proposals should aim to provide design excellence realised within a
hierarchical road structure and a hard and soft landscaping framework.
Where appropriate applicants should have regard to policy in relation to road
infrastructure as set out by policies TC 5 to TC 8.
7.2.1 Landscaping and Amenity
Commercial and industrial development should present a pleasant aspect aided by a

high quality of landscape design, including tree planting, within both public and private
domains. The existing landscape framework and its associated topography should be
respected.
Landscaping should ensure that the buildings will not be dominated by extensive areas
of parking, hard standing and roads, thereby detracting from the quality of the
environment. A detailed, high quality landscape plan, planting schedule and planting
programme will be required with all applications. Planting shall include semi-mature trees
in order to reduce the visual impact of structures on surrounding areas.
The provision of a buffer zone of not

less than fifteen metres in width will be
required where industrial and other
land uses adjoin to ensure amenities of
adjacent properties are not adversely
affected. There should be no
significant amenity loss (by way of
noise, smell or other nuisance) to
immediate neighbours or the area in
general resulting from the nature of the
proposed business, the amount of
traffic generated or the servicing
arrangement.
7.2.2 Surface Water Drainage
Adequate measures should be taken by commercial/industrial users and developers in

the treatment and disposal of surface water to prevent pollution, including the adoption of
the principles of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) in designing surface water
management arrangements.
7.2.3 Sustainable Design
All commercial and Industrial development should adopt a sustainable approach to

design and building methods including passive design, use of solar energy, low energy
performance buildings and the use of renewable energy supplies, in association with
Sustainable Energy Ireland and having regard to the Guidelines for Sustainable Design
and Energy Efficiency in Buildings as set out in paragraph 9.7 of the Plan..

7.2.4 Car Parking, Loading and Unloading Provision
Car parking shall be provided in accordance with the standards detailed in table 8.6
within chapter 8 of the Plan. However in order to encourage modal shift, a reduction in
the car parking standards will be considered where alternative transport arrangements
involving greater use of sustainable transport solutions such as public transport, walking
and cycling is provided.
All surface car parking areas should preferably be located behind the building line, out of
view of the general public. Where this is not practical, parking areas should be suitably
screened and landscaped. All car parking areas should be suitably surfaced and
illuminated. Individual parking spaces should be permanently marked and shall not be
less than 5.0m X 2.5m in dimension and shall have appropriate access and circulation
aisles.
Sufficient loading and unloading bays should be provided. These should be of sufficient
size to accommodate loading and unloading operations without encroachment onto any
public road or footpath or interfere with the safety and free flow of vehicular traffic or
pedestrians.
7.2.5 Design
Where two or more commercial or industrial buildings are being developed, a uniform
design for boundary treatments, roof profiles and building lines is recommended. The
scale and design of proposed development should be in keeping with the surrounding
area and adjoining developments.
7.2.6 Site Coverage and Plot Ratios
The maximum site coverage permitted in industrial areas shall be 50% and the maximum
plot ratio shall be 2:1.
7.2.7 Open Storage
Any open storage areas shall be located behind the building line and be adequately
screened from public view.
7.2.8 Roads and Footpaths
The width of all internal industrial estate roads shall, generally, not be less than 7.3
metres with minimum radii of 10.5 metres at junctions.
Visibility splays shall not be less than 70m x 4.5m x 1.05m within speed control zones
and 160m x 4.5m x 1.05m elsewhere.
Footpaths shall not be less than 1.8 metres in width.
7.2.9 Nuisance
The good neighbour principle should be applied in respect of all industrial and
commercial developments where conflict could arise with other established uses. In

particular, noise emissions, whether from plant, machinery or traffic, shall comply with the
provisions of Noise Regulations (S.I. No. 140 of 2006).
7.2.10 Trade Effluent Discharges
All discharges of trade effluents to sewerage networks or receiving waters shall be

subject to a Water Pollution Act Discharge Licence. Specified appropriate pre-treatment
of trade effluents shall be required prior to discharge to council sewers.
7.2.11 Public Water Supplies
All supplies to industrial developments shall be metered and consumers shall be charged
on basis of usage in accordance with guidelines set out in the Water Services Pricing
Policy.
7.2.12 Fire Prevention
Adequate storage and hydrant capacity should be provided in consultation with the fire
department of the council.
7.2.13 Building Regulations
Designers, developers and owners should ensure that all buildings and structures
comply with the requirements of the Building Regulations 1990.
7.2.14 Signage
Signage shall be kept to a minimum. In order to ensure high quality signage and to
safeguard the amenities of the area, a uniform signage scheme should be devised and
submitted as part of the planning application for the development to which it relates.
Billboards or free standing signage will not normally be permitted.
7.2.15 Public Artwork
Public art should be provided within an open space or focal point within new
development schemes, through the Percent for Arts Scheme administered by the
Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government. The council should be
consulted on opportunities for permanent art.
7.3 Commerce and Retail

7.3.1 Introduction
The level of commerce and retail activity is reflective of the overall economic well being
of the economy. County Louth, by reason of its border location, has suffered as a result
of different pricing structures, monetary and taxation regimes, north and south of the
border. This is particularly evident in recent times and is being further exacerbated by the
current economic downturn. The importance of commerce and retail in County Louth is
evident from the proportion of the total labour force, some 31.1%, employed in the
sector.

Traditionally, the main destination for shopping has been town and village centres. These
also acted as the focus for a variety of other activities including business, social, leisure
and residential uses.
Recent trends have seen the decline of small independent grocers and the emergence of
larger supermarkets, franchise based local convenience stores, discount food stores and
retail warehouses at out-of-town locations. These emerging trends in the retail sector
have increasingly influenced shopping patterns and have created a demand for large
shopping centres at locations where extensive car parking facilities are available.
The council recognises the importance of retaining the primary role of town centres for
commercial and retail activity. Therefore, the retail policies outlined in the Plan aim to
preserve the viability and vitality of the town and village centres of the county whilst also
recognising the need to provide for new retailing formats to meet consumer demands.
7.3.2 Louth Retail Strategy 2009
The Retail Planning Guidelines for Planning Authorities 2000 were issued under the
provisions of Section 28 of the Planning and Development Act 2000 and were
subsequently revised in 2005. The purpose of these guidelines is to:
Promote a healthy competitive retail environment.

Promote forms of retail development which are easily assessable by public transport.
Protect the role of town centres and resist large scale out of centre shopping malls
Resist large retail centres close to national roads or motorway interchanges
Assist local authorities in the preparation of retail policies for incorporation into
development plans
In order to comply with the guidelines planning authorities are required to prepare retail
strategies.
The Louth Retail Strategy was prepared and adopted in 2002 and subsequently
reviewed in 2009. The 2009 Strategy has informed the retail policies of this development
plan.
The purpose of the Louth Retail Strategy 2009 is to:
Promote a healthy, vibrant and competitive retail environment within County Louth
Identify the core shopping areas in Dundalk, Drogheda and Ardee
Formulate policies to protect the vitality and viability of existing town and village
centres
Ensure the provision of appropriately scaled convenience retail outlets in new
residential areas
Establish a county retail hierarchy
Define criteria for the assessment of future significant retail developments
The Strategy has confirmed that there has been a 127% increase in the retail floor space
available within the county since the previous strategy was completed in 2002, with
increases of 170% in Drogheda, 108% in Dundalk and 49.2% in Ardee. This represents
a very significant increase and is reflective of the progressive development of the county
over that period. However, the retail policies of the Plan seek to ensure that out of town
retailing does not damage existing town and village centres.
Table 7.3: Percentage Increase in Retail floor space between 2001 and 2008
County Dundalk Drogheda Ardee

127% 108% 170% 49.2%
One of the important functions of the retail strategy was to establish a county retail
hierarchy which is set out in table 7.4. The primary positions of Dundalk and Drogheda at
level one is recognised whilst the local importance of Ardee places it at level 2. Other
important local centres of Blackrock, Dunleer, Collon and Carlingford are included at
level 3 and all other villages are at level 4.
Table 7.4: County Retail Hierarchy
Level Settlement
1 Dundalk, Drogheda
2 Ardee
3 Blackrock, Dunleer, Collon and Carlingford
4 Other smaller towns and villages
The Strategy highlights that Dundalk

and Drogheda are well positioned to
be the leading retail centres within
their respective catchments. It is
considered that there is sufficient
convenience retail spare capacity in
both towns to satisfy requirements up
until the year 2012 but thereafter
additional convenience floor space will
be required depending on demand
driven by population growth. In terms
of retail warehouses and retail parks
the strategy suggests that there is
considerable existing floor space and
that there is unlikely to be any
additional need or demand over the
period of the Plan.
The also concludes that Ardee

should continue to develop its
convenience retail offer in tandem
with its expanding population and
that there is a current need for an
additional convenience retail store
up to 2500 square metres. However,
it considers that there is no justifiable
need for retail park development.
Furthermore, the development of

Ardees retail comparison offer should be closely linked to the evolution of the towns
untapped tourism potential.
In the other towns and villages, the priority is to cater sufficiently for the basic
convenience and lower order comparison requirements of their existing populations, and
the aim is to facilitate retail development commensurate with their population sizes,
location and traditional built environment.
The retail policies as set out below are inclusive of those recommended in the retail
study.
Policy
EDE 10 To promote a healthy competitive retail environment within County Louth and to
maintain the vitality and viability of town and village centres and their role as
primary retail core areas.
EDE 11 To ensure that applications for retail development comply with the provisions of
the Retail Planning Guidelines 2005 and the Louth Retail Strategy 2009.
EDE 12 To support the development of Dundalk and Drogheda as important regional
shopping centres and to maintain the role of Ardee as a sub county retail
centre and the retail function of all other settlements, commensurate with
locally generated needs.
EDE 13 To resist the provision of large scale retail developments outside town centres
subject to the application of the sequential test and demonstration that the
existing town centre will not be adversely affected.
EDE 14 To promote the provision of local retail centres serving small, localised
catchment populations in new residential areas, commensurate with locally
generated needs.
EDE 15 To generally discourage permission for change of use from retail or service
(including banks and similar institutions with over the counter services) to non-
retail or non service uses at ground-floor level.
7.3.3 Town and Village Centres
Rural town and village centres have traditionally been at the heart of the economic
commercial, social and cultural heart of rural communities. They were bustling centres of
activity which had a complex mix of uses including residential, retail, professional and
other services, leisure and cultural activities. The advent of the motor car and changing
consumer demands have resulted in a decline of the role of town and village centres as
both the residential and commercial functions sought to relocate to more desirable and
accessible out-of-town locations. This has had a negative impact on the fabric and
environment of many towns and villages, resulting in a loss of vibrancy and activity
particularly outside of business hours.
The council recognises the important role that rural towns and villages play in the social
and economic life and therefore considers it necessary to devise policies that will protect
the vitality and viability of these settlements. The retail policies outlined above which are
derived from the Retail Planning Guidelines 2005 and the Louth Retail Strategy 2009
seek to preserve the retail function of town and village centres. It is considered that,
though important, retail policies alone will not be sufficient to protect the broader range of
essential town and village centre uses.

7.3.4 Town and Village Centre Environments
It is important that town and village centres are attractive, safe and easily accessible to
all. A number of town and village improvement schemes have been carried out during
the period of the last plan, in co-operation with local Tidy Towns Committees. The
success of Louths towns and villages in the Tidy Towns Competition bears testimony to
the improvements made.
Improvements to footpaths, street lighting, street furniture and landscaping make a

valuable contribution to the attractiveness of the environments of town and village
centres. The council will continue to co-operate with local groups towards further
improvement in towns and villages throughout the county.
Policy
EDE 16 To promote the improvement of the environment of town and village centres
through good design in all development, landscaping, street furniture and
public art works.
EDE 17 To improve mobility through traffic management, improvements to
pavements, provision of access for mobility impaired and public transport
waiting facilities.
EDE 18 To co-operate with local Tidy Towns Committees and other community
groups in the implementation of environmental improvement schemes.
7.3.5 Architectural Conservation Areas and Protected Structures
Many of the towns and villages within the county have designated architectural
conservation areas (ACA) and a number of protected structures. Any proposed
developments within an ACA or involving modifications to a protected structure shall
comply with the requirements as set out in chapter 2 of the Plan.
7.3.6 Living over the Shop
The council will promote the provision and modernisation of residential accommodation
over commercial premises in towns and villages in order to improve the vibrancy of their
centres. This will be subject to the provision of good quality accommodation with
separate and safe access from the street and the protection of residential amenities from
any possible conflict with other uses.
Policy
EDE 19 To promote the provision and modernisation of residential accommodation over

commercial premises in towns and villages in order to improve the vibrancy of
their centres.
7.3.7 Shopfronts
The towns and villages of County Louth contain numerous examples of traditional
shopfront design together with large numbers of more modern design, much of which
reflects a certain amount of corporate harmonisation. The council will encourage the
preservation of authentic, traditional shopfronts and the provision of good quality

contemporary designs.
Design criteria for shopfronts should ensure that:
Entrances are fully accessible to all people with mobility difficulties.

Where a shopfront involves two or more units, that it is divided with separate fascias
and columns to reflect the separate units.
The shopfront respects the buildings elevation and architectural details. Period
shopfronts on protected structures and in ACAs should be retained.
The design takes into account adjacent shopfronts where they make a positive
contribution to the streetscape.
Policy
EDE 20 To encourage the preservation of authentic, tradition shopfronts and good

quality contemporary designs.
7.3.8 Security Shutters
Whilst the council recognises the need for the sufficient security for commercial premises
the installation of security shutters can detract from the appearance, visual amenity and
safety of town and village centres particularly at night and weekends. The council will
discourage the mounting or location of rollers on the exterior of shop premises where
such shutters would detract from the streetscape and ambience of the town. However
innovative solutions involving tradition wrought iron window guards or shutters which
provide a high degree of transparency which allows the window display to be visible will
be considered.
Policy
EDE 21 To discourage the mounting or location of rollers on the exterior of shop

premises where such shutters would detract from the streetscape and
ambience of the town or village.
EDE 22 To consider innovative solutions including traditional wrought iron window
guards or security shutters which provide a high degree of transparency which
allows the window display to be visible.
7.3.9 Canopies and Blinds
Blinds were traditionally incorporated into the shop front fascia and designed to be
retracted into it when not in use. This is still the best way to handle a blind where one is
required. Curved and Dutch style canopies are unsympathetic to the traditional
streetscape and will be discouraged.
Policy
EDE 23 To encourage the incorporation of blinds, where required, into the shopfront
fascia so that they are capable of being retracted when not in use. Curved and
Dutch canopies will be discouraged.

7.3.10 Signage
The size, shape and position of signs should reflect the scale and faade of the building
on which they are located. Hand painted signs or illumination by bracket or wash lighting
are preferred to internally illuminated fascia signs. In general signs should not be located
above fascia level.
Signage forms an integral part of most shop fronts and commercial areas. However, the
proliferation of insensitive displays of advertisements can seriously detract from the
visual quality of the area and have implications for public safety.
The following guidelines should be applied in the design of town and village centre
signage:
Signage should be kept to a minimum and be of a size, design, scale and degree of
illumination which is compatible with the surrounding area.
Signage above fascia level, free standing signage and billboards will not normally be
permitted.
Only one projecting sign per unit will be permitted at fascia level.
Signs should not adversely affect the safety or free flow of traffic, including
pedestrian traffic.
The location of free standing advertisements and other objects shall be discouraged
in the interest of pedestrian safety. Any such objects shall be subject to licence
under Section 254 of the Planning and Development Act, 2000.
In new development a uniform signage scheme should be prepared and submitted
with the planning application for the relevant development.
Policy
EDE 24 To discourage a proliferation of signs within town and village centres which
would detract from the visual amenities of the streetscape and which would
interfere with the free flow and safety of vehicular and pedestrian traffic
movements.
7.3.11 Site Coverage
Site coverage shall not exceed 80%.
7.3.12 Height
The height of proposed buildings should respect the height of adjoining structures on
either side. Normally buildings in excess of four storeys in height will be discouraged
except at key locations or landmark sites where taller buildings might be acceptable. The
height of new developments should not detract from views of existing protected
structures and landmark buildings.
7.3.13 Overshadowing and Overlooking
Where three or four storey buildings are proposed adjoining lower buildings, the council
will require that the developer submit daylight and shadow projection diagrams and

demonstrate that the adjoining properties will not be unduly affected by the proposed
development.
Windows and balconies of new building should avoid overlooking of adjoining property,
particularly residential property.
7.3.14 Car Parking Provision
Car parking shall be provided in accordance with the standards detailed in table 8.6
within chapter 8 of the Plan. A relaxation of the car parking standards may be allowed
where alternative sustainable solutions such as access to public transport, accessibility
by foot or cycle or where adequate car parking is already available in the area. A
contribution in lieu will be required where car parking standards are relaxed.
7.4 Tourism
7.4.1 Introduction
The Economic Development

Strategy for County Louth 2008
identifies the potential of tourism to
contribute significantly to the
economic development of the
county. The attractions of County
Louth as a tourist destination
include an unspoilt natural
landscape, areas of outstanding
natural beauty, clean uncluttered
beaches, a pollution free
environment, a wealth of historical
and architectural heritage and a
range of high quality tourist attractions and facilities. The county is conveniently located
to the heavily populated areas of Greater Dublin and the north east of the island, centred
on Belfast, which provides a large population mass within a one hour drive of the county.
The improved road and rail infrastructure which has been put in place, both north and
south of the border in recent years and accessibility to east coast air and passenger ferry
ports makes the county very accessible to the international tourism market.
7.4.2 Tourist Attractions
The broad range of tourist facilities and

attractions of County Louth include, inter alia,
the following:
Historic towns of Dundalk, Drogheda,

Ardee and Carlingford
Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty
120 kilometres of clean coastline and blue
flag beaches

Marina, sailing and sea adventure centres

Clean air and water
A large number of archaeological sites and monument
Historic Boyne Valley and Battle of the Boyne Site
A large number of historic houses and landscaped gardens
Equestrian based activity
High quality golf courses
Fishing and angling
Identified cycling and walking routes
Cultural based activities
High quality hotels and other
accommodation
Places of recreation including theatres,
cinemas, pubs and restaurants
All weather racing track and
international standard ice rink
7.5 Regional Tourism Policy

Filte Ireland East and Midlands Regional Tourism Plan 2008-2010 provides direction for
both national and local agencies, local authorities and other public bodies to contribute to
the sustainable development of
tourism in the region. Louth is one of
eight counties included in the remit of
this plan which aims to deliver
increased tourism benefits to the
region by providing better hospitality,
greater appeal and an improved quality
of visitor experience.
It notes that visitors are attracted to the

region because of the diversity of
tourist attractions. Within County Louth
the Cooley Peninsula has proved
attractive as a natural base for outdoor pursuits, whilst the major heritage and historic
sites such as those at Monasterboice, Mellifont and the historic towns of Dundalk,
Drogheda, Ardee and Carlingford combine to provide a rich heritage menu.
7.5.1 Tourism Plan 2008 - 2012
Louth Hospitality, which is a local authority supported partnership with the private tourism
sector in the county, recently published the Tourism Plan 2008-2012..The mission
statement of this action plan is to attract tourists to County Louth by providing a quality
experience. It aims to offer compelling reasons to motivate tourists to visit Louth and to
make attractions more accessible and tangible. To facilitate the development of Louths
heritage sites as top class visitor attractions, it is an objective of the action plan to
provide the necessary infrastructure, visitor services and promotional material to market
the sites.

Policy
TOU 1 To support the implementation of the Tourism Plan 2008 - 2012 and the Failte
Ireland East and Midlands Regional Plan 2008 2010.
TOU 2 To promote the sustainable development of Louth as a quality tourist
destination themed on heritage, culture and an unspoilt natural environment
and supportive innovative tourism projects that would boost employment and
promote County Louth as a tourism destination subject to compliance with the
requirement of the development zones in chapter 3.
TOU 3 To assist in the development and marketing of County Louth in conjunction with
the local authorities north and south of the border.
TOU 4 To support the development of community festivals, cultural activities and other
outdoor activities.
7.5.2 Co-Operation with other Bodies
The council is aware that the development of tourism in County Louth would benefit
greatly from a co-operative approach with other local authorities and relevant agencies
both north and south of the border. Such initiatives could involve the co-funding of
tourism infrastructure, product development and marketing. Co-operation on a number of
projects has already taken place and it is proposed to pursue and bring to fruitation these
initiatives during the course of the Plan.
7.5.3 Cross Border Geologically Themed Project
During the period of the Plan, the council will explore with the relevant authorities north of
the border the development of an integrated, themed, cross border project based around
the common themes of a high quality landscape and natural heritage. This is most
strongly manifested in the geological underpinnings which characterize the Cooley
Peninsula, Mourne Mountains and Slieve Gullion. This common bond has left a legacy of
great beauty and economic potential which can be harnessed to greatest effect by the
respective local authorities adopting a collaborative approach to the development of the
regions natural wealth.
Much of Cooley, the Mournes and Slieve Gullion comprise of dramatic mountainous
areas where the visual impact is increased by proximity to both the open sea and
Carlingford Lough. The open moorland of the higher areas has a variety of undisturbed
wildlife habitats together with large pockets of coniferous forest
In human terms, the area is rich in archaeological items and renowned in legend and
folklore. These factors together with the isolation and tranquillity combine to give a very
broad appeal for visitors and locals alike.
Policy
TOU 5 To pursue the development of an integrated geologically themed cross border

tourism project including joint marketing, promotion and where appropriate and
viable, infrastructure provision.

7.5.4 Narrow Water Bridge
The provision of a road link through the construction of a bridge between the Cooley
Peninsula in County Louth and the southern portion of the Mourne Mountains in County
Down at Narrow Water would make a valuable contribution to the development of
tourism in Louth and the Mournes. Initial funding for the project has been provided in the
National Development Plan 2007-2013 and preliminary design work commenced.
(Artists impression)
Policy
TOU 6 To co-operate with the authorities in Northern Ireland in the provision of a road
bridge between Cooley and south County Down.
7.5.5 Oriel 2012
Oriel 2012 aims to promote the Newry and Mourne and the Louth region as a base for
pre-games training camps for participants in the 2012 London Olympic Games. Given
the region's proximity to London, the cluster will also put in place strategies to attract
teams and spectators to the region in their pursuit of leisure and recreational activities.
Membership of the Oriel 2012 cluster is open to businesses, sporting organisations,
schools and support organisations that are keen to tap into the opportunities that will
inevitably arise from the training camps. The council is fully supportive of this initiative.
Policy
TOU 7 To support the Oriel 2012 project and co-operate with relative authorities,
business interests and stakeholders north and south to advance its
implementation.
7.5.6 Boyne Valley
The historic Boyne Valley, Br Na Binne, is a world heritage site. It also contains the
site of the historic Battle of the Boyne. The Boyne Valley falls partially within the
functional area of Louth County Council, Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough
Council. The heritage town of Drogheda, which is located on the Boyne Estuary, is the
gateway to the historic Boyne Valley.
The council recognises the significant contribution and potential of the Boyne Valley for
the development of tourism in County Louth and is keen to participate in a joint approach

with Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough Council in its protection,
development and promotion.
Therefore it is proposed to co-operate with Meath County Council and Drogheda

Borough Council in the preparation of a strategy for the protection, development and
promotion of this important heritage site.
7.5.7 Monasterboice
The Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government has published a
draft new tentative list of potential nominees to the World Heritage List. Monasterboice is
one of a representative sample of Early Medieval Monastic sites in Ireland listed, which
embody the Celtic Churchs rich cultural and historical past, playing a crucial role in
Europes educational and artistic development.
Policy
TOU 8 To co-operate with Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough Council in
the preparation of a strategy for the protection, development and promotion
of the Boyne Valleys World Heritage Site and to support the designation of
Monasterboice as a World Heritage Site.
7.6 Tourist Accommodation

Growth in the tourism sector will result in a corresponding need for more visitor
accommodation and facilities across the county. The council is keen to ensure that there
is a range of high quality and affordable accommodation provided in order to meet the
needs of visitors and tourists to the county. However, care will be needed to ensure that
the unspoilt natural environment and landscapes of the county which have been
identified as a major reason why tourists come to County Louth are not compromised by
inappropriate tourist accommodation development.
7.6.1 Hotel, Guest House and Bed and Breakfast Accommodation
The number of hotel beds within the county has increased significantly over the period of
the last county development plan as a result of the construction of new hotels in
Carlingford, Drogheda and two in
Dundalk. The council will encourage
the provision of additional hotels
including leisure and conference
facilities, within the county in order to
attract more visitors and to boast
employment.
Custom built guest houses should be

located within existing towns and
villages to avail of and support existing
services. Bed and breakfast
accommodation is normally provided
within existing dwellings and can be accommodated in both urban and rural areas.

Low cost, high quality guest houses and bed and breakfast accommodation are an
important component in the range of accommodation choice required for a vibrant
tourism industry.
Policy
TOU 9 To encourage the provision of additional hotel, guest house bed spaces and
bed and breakfast accommodation in County Louth in conjunction with leisure,
conferencing and other associated facilities and amenities, subject to the
protection of the unspoilt natural environment and landscapes of the county.
7.6.2 Holiday Homes and Self-Catering Accommodation
Holiday homes are defined as purpose built self-contained residential units, which
provide accommodation on a short term basis for visitors to the area. The council will
resist the proliferation of holiday home developments in rural areas except where the
development would involve the conversion or restoration of existing vernacular buildings
and derelict dwellings.
In order to manage the provision of tourist accommodation in a manner that meets the
needs of the tourist while at the same time supports the local economy, it is considered
important that the provision of holiday homes and self catering accommodation should,
by and large, be provided within the network of existing settlements and be of a scale
that the settlement can sustain. Therefore the council will resist proposals for the
development of holiday homes and self catering accommodation in the countryside,
except where existing stone buildings of character are to be converted or where the
restoration of vernacular dwellings is proposed.
Policy
TOU 10 To facilitate the limited provision of holiday homes and self-catering

accommodation in locations within existing towns and villages, of a scale that
the settlement can sustain.
TOU 11 To resist proposals for the development of holiday homes and self catering
accommodation in the countryside except where existing stone buildings of
character are to be converted or where the restoration of vernacular dwellings
is proposed.
TOU 12 To limit the floor area of all holiday homes and self catering accommodation to
a maximum of a 100 square metres.
7.6.3 Caravan Parks
The provision of caravan parks which are popular, particularly in coastal locations, can
have a serious detrimental impact on the amenities of the coast unless they are
sensitively located and properly managed and maintained. Proposals for new caravan
parks will only be favourably considered where they are located within a secluded and a
mature landscaped setting and where there is an adequate road network to serve the
development.

The focus of the councils policy in relation to caravan parks will be to secure the
upgrading of existing parks particularly in relation to wastewater treatment, general
facilities and amenities.
Policy
TOU 13 To permit new caravan parks only where they are located within a
secluded and a mature landscaped setting and where there is an adequate
road network to serve the development.
TOU 14 To encourage the upgrading of existing caravan parks in approved
locations.
7.6.4 Budget Hostels
Hostel accommodation, catering primarily for those travelling on a limited budget,

occupies an important niche within the tourist accommodation market. Whilst the
individual spend on accommodation is by definition, low, there can be considerable
ancillary spending by such tourists on local services.
Policy
TOU 15 To facilitate the provision of budget hostels within existing urban centres or
close to public transport facilities.
7.7 Tourism Related Signage

The provision of directional and promotional signage is important in facilitating tourists
and enhancing their overall experience and enjoyment of their visit. The provision of
finger posts and other directional signs is a function of the local authority and is provided
under the roads capital budget. Significant improvements in this area have taken place in
recent years and the council will continue to improve road signage where required and
subject to the availability of adequate funding.
In addition to the road signs provided by the council, Section 254 of the Planning and
Development Act, 2000, makes provision, under licence from the planning authority, for
additional road signage to facilitate existing significant activities, including tourist related
attractions and amenities.
The council will favourably consider the granting of licences for Filte Ireland approved
finger post signage where appropriate. However, it should be recognised that the
erection of excessive numbers of signs is counter productive as it leads to clutter and
confusion which detracts from the appearance of buildings and rural landscapes and
may conflict with essential local authority directional and safety signage. Such a
proliferation of signage will be resisted by the council.
Tourism related promotional and advertisement signs are also important for the industry.
Such signs should be suitably designed and appropriately located on the building or
within the curtilage as appropriate so that they do not detract form the visual amenities of
the area.

Policy
TOU 16 To continue to improve local authority directional road signage to facilitate

visitors to the county.
TOU 17 To facilitate the licensing of Filte Ireland approved tourism related signage
subject to a demonstrated need and the avoidance of clutter and confusion
with existing road signage.
TOU 18 To ensure that tourism related promotional and advertisement signs are
suitably designed and appropriately located so that they do not detract from
the visual amenities of the area.

Chapter 8
Transport and Communications
8.1 Introduction
The availability of a high quality,
sustainable transport system and
telecommunications network is essential
for economic development and
improvements to the quality of peoples
lives. County Louth is fortunate in having
well developed transport facilities, based
on a hierarchy of roads, motorway,
national, regional and local, as well as a
main line rail service with busy stations in
both Dundalk and Drogheda.
Significant improvements in transport

infrastructure have been made during the
course of the 2003 2009 County
Development Plan. This includes the
completion of the M1 motorway, the
Dundalk western by-pass and the Dundalk
to Newry link road. This means that the
County Louth section of the strategic
Euroroute 1, that connects the key ports of
Larne, Dublin and Rosslare with Europe, is
now completed.
Improvements have also been made in the quality and frequency of the rail service in
County Louth. This includes improvements to the line, rolling stock and the availability of
park and ride facilities at Dundalk and Drogheda.
Road transport is by far the main form of transport within County Louth and plays a
crucial role in contributing to the business life and industrial competitiveness of the
county. However over dependency on the motor car as the primary means of personal
transportation is unsustainable in the long term having regard to the finite nature of fossil
fuel resources and their impact in contributing to global warming. The Plan will therefore
seek to promote alternative sustainable modes of transport.
There is an intrinsic link between land use and transportation and therefore the
settlement strategy and policies contained in the Plan seek to locate the majority of new
development within existing towns and other settlements where car dependency can be
reduced and public transport can more economically and sustainably be provided.
The vital role of telecommunications and broad band availability in enabling the county to
reach its full economic potential is recognised. There are several areas where broadband
coverage is hampered for various reasons including the lack of suitable communication
mast towers, topographical features and low customer numbers. Louth Local Authorities,

Chapter 8 Transport and Communication
in conjunction with service providers are working in order to eliminate these black spots
and will continue to do so until the county has complete coverage.
The aim of this chapter is to set out a coherent set of policies that will seek to improve
the transportation system and communications network within the county in a manner
that is sustainable and supports economic development and improved quality of life for
the people of the county.
8.1.1 Louth County Development Plan 2003 2009
The Louth County Development Plan 2003 2009 prescribed a clear framework which
guided and facilitated public investment in physical infrastructure throughout the county
which has underpinned continued economic and social development. In addition to the
improvements in the national road network, improvements were also made to a number
of regional roads including the Dundalk - Greenore Road, the Greenore - Omeath Road
and improvements to Wallaces Road, Blackrock and Tierney Street, Ardee.
8.2 National Transportation Policy

8.2.1 Transport 21
Transport 21 is the governments principal transport policy and capital investment

programme through which the transport system in Ireland will be developed over the
period 2006 to 2015. This framework addresses the twin challenges of past investment
backlogs and continuing growth in transport demand as a result of continuing economic
growth and rapidly rising population. It provides for an investment in public transport of
16 billion directed towards the provision of greater choice and alternatives to the private
car, particularly in major urban areas. It also aims to affect a modal shift from the private
car to less polluting and less energy intensive public and private modes of transport.
Over the period of investment through Transport 21, Irelands transport system will be
transformed with a particular emphasis on developing an integrated network.
While Transport 21 provides capital funding only for major infrastructural projects, it is
however complementary to other government initiatives such as the Rural Transport
Programme 2007 and the Sustainable Travel and Transport Action Plan 2008. Projects
proposed in County Louth under Transport 21 include the N2 Ardee By-Pass (N2/N52),
the upgrade of the N2 Ashbourne to Ardee road, together with ongoing investment in
new buses and trains for Bus ireann and Iarnrd ireann respectively.
8.2.2 A Sustainable Transport Future A New Transport Policy for Ireland 2009-2020
In February 2009 the government published the document A Sustainable Transport

Future A New Transport Policy for Ireland 2009 -2020. This concluded that transport
and travel trends in Ireland are unsustainable. Even with the much needed investment
proposed in Transport 21 if we continue with present policies, congestion will get worse,
transport emissions will continue to grow, economic competitiveness will suffer and
quality of life will decline.

The policy document outlines a suite of actions that will have complementary impacts in
terms of travel demand and emissions. These are grouped into the following overarching
actions:
Reducing distances travelled by the private car and encourage smarter travel,
including focusing population growth in areas of employment and to encourage
people to live in close proximity to places of employment and the use of pricing
mechanisms or fiscal measures to encourage behavioural change.
Ensuring that alternatives to the car are more widely available, mainly through a
radically improved public transport service and through investment in cycling and
walking.
Improving the fuel efficiency of motorised transport through improved fleet structure,
energy efficient driving and alternative technologies
Strengthening institutional arrangements to deliver the targets.
It is important to understand that the targets and actions proposed are relevant to both
urban and rural living. The government is committed to the implementation of this
strategy including improved bus services in rural areas and actions to promote modal
shift.
8.2.3 National Roads Authority - Policy Statement on Development Management and

Access to National Roads 2006
The National Roads Authoritys (NRA), Policy Statement on Development Management

and Access to National Roads 2006, aims to contribute to well informed planning
decisions that represent the best option for sustainable development and achieve
consistency of approach nationally to planning and development issues affecting
national roads.
In summary the objectives of this policy statement are to:
Protect the substantial investment being made by government in upgrading

national roads
Maintain the intended transport function, traffic carrying capacity and efficiency of
the network of national roads
Ensure high standards of safety for road users and that these standards are not
compromised by risks arising from traffic movements associated with multiple
access points to the network
Extend the service life of the national road network
Protect the routes of future roads, including road upgrades, from development;
Strongly advocate the use of established town and district centres as the preferred
locations for new retail developments that attract many trips, and establish a
presumption against large retail centres being located adjacent or close to existing,
new or planned national roads and motorways as such centres can lead to an
inefficient use of costly infrastructure.
The council has had regard to the NRA objectives in formulating policy in the Plan.

Policy
TC 1 To fully capitalise on the transportation advantages which County Louth

possesses through pursuing an integrated transport approach to development
which facilitates access to a range of transport modes and provides genuine
transport choice.
TC 2 To support the implementation of government transport policy as expressed in
Transport 21, a Sustainable Transport Future A New Transport Policy for
Ireland 2009 -2020, the NRAs Policy Statement on Development
Management and Access to National Roads 2006, National Efficiency Energy
Action Plan 1 (May 2009)and the National Cycling Policy (April 2009) .
TC 3 To promote land use planning measures which aim for co-ordination and
integration between land use and transport throughout the county, thereby
maximising the potential of the countys transportation network and
encouraging travel by public transport, walking and cycling.
TC 4 To encourage the provision of modes of transport which are accessible to all,
including people with impaired mobility by reason of disability, age or care
roles.
8.3 Road Infrastructure

Road transport is the dominant mode of transport within County Louth and plays a
crucial role in contributing to business and industrial competitiveness. The county is
fortunate in having an excellent road network comprising motorway, national primary and
secondary routes, strategic regional roads and a dense network of local roads.
Significant expenditure on road infrastructure has taken place in recent years and this is
reflected in the excellent quality of the countys roads.
8.3.1 Motorways
Louth is strategically located at an approximate midway point on the EO1 Euro route.
This links the port of Larne in County Antrim with Rosslare in County Wexford. The
section of the EO1 through County Louth, which encompasses the M1 motorway and the
Dundalk to Newry (A1/N1), is now completed and carries in excess of six million
vehicular journeys per year.
8.3.2 Motorway Services
The provision of
motorway services is
essential for the
convenience and safety
of the travelling public.
The policy of the
National Roads
Authority (NRA) in
relation to the provision
of such services
originally was that
these should be provided off line at suitable interchanges through the normal planning

process. Therefore planning permission was granted for such off line services at Dunleer
and Newtownbalreggan. The policy of the NRA on this matter has changed and it now
proposes to provide on-line motorway services through a public private partnership
mechanism (PPP). The planning process is currently underway for on-line motorway
service facilities at Whiterath, Dromiskin.
8.3.3 National Routes
Louth is benefiting from very significant investment that has taken place in Irelands
national road network. The NRA advocates that the strategic role of this road network in
catering for the safe and efficient movement of major inter-urban and inter-regional traffic
be safeguarded to allow for the effective delivery of these investments. Table 8.1
outlines the number of national routes that run through County Louth.
Table 8.1: National Routes in County Louth
National Primary National Secondary

N2 Dublin Derry N51 Drogheda Slane
N1/A1 Dundalk - Newry N52 Dundalk - Kells
N53 Dundalk - Castleblayney
This council will continue to implement measures to safeguard the capacity and safety of
these national routes so that they can continue to perform their strategic role and
maintain their importance to the future development of the county.
8.3.4 Regional and Local Roads
Regional and local roads form the life lines of transportation needs across the county. It
is via these roads that the vast majority of smaller towns, villages and dispersed rural
communities and services are accessed.
Since 2000, many regional and county roads have benefited from significant investment
under the National Development Plan 2000 2006. Notable projects completed include
the R173 Rampark Bellurgan road, thereby providing enhanced access to the Cooley
Peninsula and the commercial port at Greenore.
Policy
TC 5 To provide and maintain a road hierarchy based on motorway, national routes,

regional routes and local roads and to maintain the carrying capacity and
lifespan of the road network and ensure high standards of safety for road
users and to require that all proposals for development that would be likely to
impact significantly on the carrying capacity of national routes be
accompanied by Traffic Impact Assessment, Road Safety Audits and Mobility
Management Plans in accordance with guidance contained in the Dublin
Transportation Office guidance Traffic and Transport Assessment
Guidelines.
TC 6 To support the implementation of the NRAs policy in relation to the provision
of on-line and off-line motorway services.

TC 7 To prohibit all developments within 100 metres of the fence line of the M1
motorway and Newry to Dundalk link road (N1/A1), outside of any zoned land.
TC 8 To prohibit any external lighting or illumination and any advertisement signs
that would interfere with the free flow of, or distract traffic, using the road
network.
8.4 Protected National and Regional Routes

The council considers it necessary to restrict new accesses and the intensification of
existing accesses along national and certain strategic regional routes in order to
preserve their carrying capacity, their life span and in the interest of traffic safety. Details
of these roads including restrictions and exemptions are set out in table 8.2 (national
routes) and table 8.3 (regional routes).
Table 8.2: National Routes - Restrictions and Exemptions on Access
Road Category Restrictions Exemptions

Motorways No direct access None
Dual carriageways No direct access None
Single No new access or 1. Where the new access would
Carriageways intensification of eliminate a traffic hazard.
existing access 2. Where a new access is required for
(National Primary any major employment generating
and National activity, including tourism or
Secondary Routes) development of national or regional
importance.
3. Extensions to an authorised use
where the additional traffic generated
would not result in the creation of a
traffic hazard.
4. Where a new access is to a fixed
natural resource of national or regional
importance where no other suitable
vehicular access can be provided.

Table 8.3: Protected Regional Routes - Restrictions and Exemptions on Access
Routes Restrictions Exemptions

(R173/R175 Dundalk No new 1. Where the new access would
-Greenore access or eliminate a traffic hazard.
R173/R176 intensification 2. Where a new access is required for
Greenore of existing any major development, including
Carlingford access. tourism developments, of national,
Omeath regional or local importance.
(Cornamucklagh) 3. Where new access is to a fixed natural
R178-Dundalk resource of national, regional or local
Carrickmacross importance where no other suitable
(Essexford) vehicular access can be provided.
R171 Dundalk 4. Extensions to an authorised use
Louth Village where the additional traffic generated
R169 Dunleer would not result in the creation of a
Collon traffic hazard
R168 Drogheda 5. Dwellings required to satisfy the
Collon housing needs of persons who have
R166 Drogheda lived for not less than 10 years in the
Termonfeckin area, where no other site is available
off a minor road, and where the
R132 Dundalk
existing entrance servicing the family
Drogheda
home is used. Where the entrance to
R177 Dundalk -
the existing family home cannot be
Armagh
used, consideration will be given for
Port Access Northern one new entrance only onto the
Cross Road* adjoining protected regional route. A
condition confining occupancy to a
family member for a minimum of 7
years will be attached to any
permission granted under this
exemption.
*It is anticipated that this road will be constructed during the period of this plan.
Policy
TC 9 To prohibit the creation of new accesses or intensification of existing accesses

onto national routes and protected regional routes as set out in tables 8.2 and
8.3.
8.5 Entrances
The provision of suitable and safe entrances is essential to facilitate traffic flow and
movements and to protect the safety of roads users. Visibility standards in respect of
new entrances onto all categories of roads and vehicle dwell areas are set out in table
8.4 and 8.5.

Table 8.4: Minimum Visibility Standards
Road Sight distance Visibility Distance back Distance back

Category (Y) requirement from edge of from edge of
over ground Carriageway Carriageway
(X) (X)
(1 to 6 houses) (More than 6
houses and non-
domestic
developments)
National and 215m 0.6 -1.05m 2.4m 4.5m
Protected
Regional
Routes
Regional 125m 0.6 -1.05m 2.4m 4.5m
Local Class 1 75m 0.6-1.05m 2.4m 4.5m
Local Class 2 75m 0.6-.05m 2.4m 4.5m
Local Class 3 75m 0.6-1.05m 2.4m 4.5m
Cul de Sac 75m 0.6-1.05m 2.4m 4.5m
* Where the 85% percentile speed on a local class 2 or a local class 3 road is shown to
be below 50 kilometres per hour, the minimum sight distance requirements contained in
the document National Roads Authority Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, shall
apply.
Table 8.5: Vehicle Dwell areas
Domestic accesses Commercial accesses

Gradient 0% to 2% for at least 5 metres Gradient 0% to 2% for at least 15 metres
Figure 8.1: Visibility splays
Policy
TC 10 To apply the visibility standards and vehicle dwell areas requirements as set out
in tables 8.4 and 8.5

8.6 Vehicular Parking Standards

The parking standards required by the council in respect of specified uses are set out 8.6
below. In the case of any uses not specified, the standard for the closest similar use will
apply, or such other requirement as may be determined by the council.
Table 8.6: Car Parking Requirements
Land-use Urban/Brownfield Sub-urban/Greenfield

No. of Spaces per Unit No. of Spaces per Unit
Dwellings 1 per dwelling 2 per dwelling
Apartments 1 per dwelling 2 per dwelling
Residential Institutions 1 per two units 1 per two units
Retail 1 per 20m 1 per 10m
Bar /Discos/Dancehalls 1 per 5 m public space 1 per 5 m public space
Restaurant/Function 1 per 10 m public space 1 per 5 m public space
Room
Hotel/Guest House 1 per 2 bedrooms 1 per bedroom
Offices 1 per 40 m 1 per 30 m
Banks /Financial Inst. 1 per 30 m 1 per 25 m
Industrial 1 per 50 m 1 per 50 m
Warehousing 1 per 100 m 1 per 75 m
Retail warehousing* 1 per 40 m 1 per 25 m
Cash & Carry 1 per 50 m 1 per 25 m
Showrooms 1 per 50 m 1 per 25 m
Cinemas/ 1 per 10 seats 1 per 5 seats
Theatres
Conference 1 per 10 seats 1 per 5 seats
Halls/churches
Schools 1 per class room 1 per class room
Clinics/Doctors Surgery 3 spaces per consulting 3 spaces per consulting
room room
Leisure Centres/ Clubs 1 per 50 m public space 1 per 30 m public space
Nursing Homes 1 per employee and 0.5 per 1 per employee and 0.5 per
bed bed
*Retail warehouses or warehouse buildings for the purpose of retailing bulky products
such as furniture, white electrical goods, DIY and carpets which are difficult to retail in
town centre locations.

Parking bays shall be a minimum of 5 metres x 2.5 metres with circulation aisles at least
6 metres wide. Parking for persons with mobility impairment should be provided at a rate
of one space per ten spaces, and each space shall be a minimum of 3.5 metre wide.
In addition to the car parking standards, sufficient space will be required for all service
vehicles involved in the operation of the business or building within the curtilage.
Policy
TC 11 To require compliance with the parking standards as specified in table 8.6.

TC 12 To require the provision of car parking spaces for persons with impaired
mobility at a rate of one space in ten.
TC 13 To permit a reduction of the above standards in respect of certain town and
village centre developments and developments adjacent to transportation
nodes or where the developer provides acceptable alternative modes of
transport. Where a reduction in car parking standards is accepted, a
contribution in lieu of the provision of car parking will normally be required.
8.7 Roads Improvement Programme 2008 -2015

The councils Road Improvement Programme covers the period 2008 to 2015. This
programme, which is set out in table 8.7, 8.8, 8.9 and 8.10 will be implemented by the
council and the NRA over the period of the Plan. Where the proposed road works are of
such a scale and magnitude that warrants the preparation of an environmental impact
statement, planning approval will be required from An Bord Pleanla.
Table 8.7: Motorways and National Routes
Road Number Location and Proposed Works
N2 Ardee By-Pass
N52 Ardee By-Pass
N2 Ashbourne to Ardee
N51 Drogheda to Slane
N53 Dundalk to Castleblayney
N33 Junction improvements and new access to Cappocksgreen
Table 8.8: Regional Routes
Road Number Location and Proposed Works
R178 Dundalk to Carrickmacross
Table 8.9: Strategic New Roads
Location and Proposed Works

Port Access Northern Cross Route (Drogheda)
Dundalk Western Infrastructure Relief Route
Narrow Water Bridge

Table 8.10: Proposed Capital Works Programmes
Road Location and Proposed Works

Boyne Bridge, East of Viaduct New Bridge
R173 Bellurgan and Omeath to Border
R165 Shanlis to Lowtown
R168 Hill of Rath to Collon
R171 Ardee to Louth Village to Dundalk
R 169 General Improvements
R172 General Improvements
R177 General Improvements
Policy
TC 14 To secure the implementation of the councils Road Improvement Programme

2008 2015 as detailed in table 8. 7, 8.8, 8.9 and 8.10 and to keep free from
development all lands identified for the construction and improvement of
national, regional and local roads within the county.
8.8 Gateway and Hub Links

Discussions are ongoing with Cavan and Monaghan County Councils with a view to
progressing upgraded links between the Dundalk gateway and the hubs towns of Cavan
and Monaghan. The upgrade of these routes will improve links across the Border Region
to the gateways of Sligo and Letterkenny.
It is proposed that the Louth section of the Dundalk to Cavan route via Carrickmacross
and of the Dundalk to Monaghan route, via Castleblayney, will be upgraded during the
course of this plan.
Policy
TC 15 To seek improvements in the linkages between the border regional gateways

of Dundalk, Sligo and Letterkenny and with the hub towns of Cavan and
Monaghan.
8.9 Transport Audit and Mapping

Louth is currently embarking on a number of important new developments aimed at
improving the quality of life of its citizens and making its public services more responsive
to the needs of key target groups. Providing appropriate passenger transport options
within existing resources will be critical to the success of these initiatives. For this reason
the council will carry out a transport audit and mapping study.
The objectives of the study are to:

Identify effective ways of improving access to important services through a more

comprehensive local passenger transport service to meet the needs of key target
groups.
Identify opportunities for rationalisation and better deployment of existing resources.
The study will be primarily focussed on those who are vulnerable to a lack of transport.
The key groups include older people, especially those living in isolated rural areas,
young people, people on low incomes and people with mobility, sensory or cognitive
impairments. The mapping exercise will include transport services provided by private,
public and voluntary organisations. The study will examine the potential for public service
vehicles to provide a wider public service when not needed for their primary function.
Policy
TC 16 To carry out a transport audit and mapping study of County Louth to examine
the way in which local transport passenger services can be improved and he
potential for public service vehicles to provide a wider public service when
not needed for their primary function.
8.10 Public Transport

Public transport in County Louth is provided by way of bus and rail services together with
taxi and hackney services. Public transport is at its most effective when operating in
corridors where there is a medium or high density of population. In County Louth, there
are good quality public transport services between Dundalk and Drogheda.
Through the local area plans process, the council will seek to promote the enhancement
of public transport services and infrastructure, in the main towns, villages and rural
areas. Gaps and inadequacies in public transport services are notable in many parts of
the county, especially in dispersed rural areas. This affects primarily older people, the
young, people with limited mobility and those on low incomes.
Policy
TC 17 To co-operate with the relevant transport authorities and operators, both

public and private, to secure improvements in and expansion of the public
transport in the county.
TC 18 To encourage a modal shift from use of the private car towards more
sustainable modes such as public transport, cycling and walking.
8.11 Rail Transport

The Dublin Belfast rail line crosses the county on a north south axis. There are two
operating railway stations at Dundalk and Drogheda. At present, Iarnrod Eireann and
Northern Ireland Railways jointly operate the Enterprise rail service on a frequent basis
between Dublin and Belfast. There are proposals to introduce an hourly inter-city service
on this route by 2010. Both Dundalk and Drogheda are also linked to greater Dublin and
beyond by Iarnrod Eireanns commuter services. Drogheda in particular benefits from a

very high frequency service to Dublin and the town itself is the site of Iarnrd ireanns
national centre for servicing commuter trains.
County Louth will benefit substantially from a number of capital programmes currently
being progressed by Iarnrd ireann. These include resignalling projects around Greater
Dublin and the Dublin Inter-connector which will re-route DART services underground,
thereby allowing more frequent commuter rail services from Louth. Iarnrd ireann has
stated that they will continue to work closely with all stakeholders regarding the potential
for new stations in County Louth. These include potential sites serving the North
Drogheda Environs, Dundalk South West and Dunleer.
The policy of the council in the 2003 -2009 County Development Plan was to secure the
re-opening of the Dunleer railway station. It was also the policy to secure the provision of
new railway stations in the Dundalk South West and the North Drogheda Environs. It
remains the policy of the council to secure, in co-operation with Iarnrd ireann,
improved rail services in County Louth, particularly for the mid and south Louth areas.
8.11.1 Drogheda Navan Rail Link
Drogheda is linked to Navan by a freight rail link. The council will support the upgrading
of this link to full passenger rail status.
8.11.2 Rail Based Park and Ride Facilities
Park and ride facilities operate at both Dundalk and Drogheda rail stations. These
facilities are heavily utilized, operating well in excess of their capacities. Additional rail
based park and ride capacity is required at both these stations and this issue will be
addressed through their respective development plans.
Policy
TC 19 To secure, in co-operation with Iarnrd ireann, improved rail services in

County Louth, particularly for the mid and south Louth areas.
TC 20 To support the opening of the Drogheda to Navan railway line for passenger
services.
TC 21 To support the improvement of rail based park and ride facilities in Dundalk
and Drogheda and in conjunction with any new railway station located in the
county.
8.12 Bus Transport

Bus ireann provides the mainstay of public bus services within County Louth. Over the
course of the previous plan, the core services running through the central spine of the
county linking Dundalk with Drogheda and Dublin have been considerably improved.
There is now a high frequency service linking the capital to the county utilizing modern
vehicles. The service operates both as an express link using the M1 Motorway and also
as a local service calling at the various towns and villages along the route.
The county has also benefited from an increasing frequency of long distance bus
services operated by Bus ireann and Ulsterbus linking Dublin with Belfast and Dublin

with Derry. Both services now operate on a high frequency, twenty-four hour basis.
Other long distance services operate to Athlone and Galway, albeit on a less frequent
basis.
With the funding provided through Transport 21, Bus ireann has committed to
improving bus services through certain
areas of the county. This includes the
enhancement of services around the
Cooley Peninsula together with improved
frequencies between Dundalk and Newry,
some of which will operate via the Cooley
Peninsula.
Local bus services link Dundalk and

Drogheda with surrounding towns and
villages in the county. However links with
more distant towns in adjacent counties are relatively poor. In particular, links with the
neighbouring NSS hubs of Monaghan and Cavan are extremely poor.
County Louth is also well serviced by private bus operators with the two major towns
linked to greater Dublin by private operators.
The rural areas of the county have access to a limited bus service provided by both Bus
ireann and private operators.
8.12.1 Bus Based Park and Ride Facilities
There is potential for the development of a network of bus based park and ride facilities
in the county at transport intersections. This is particularly the case at the urban
interchanges adjacent to Dundalk and Drogheda. There may also be limited
opportunities for similar facilities at other strategic locations.
Policy
TC 22 To work in co-operation with other public bodies, agencies and community

groups, to secure improvements in public transportation within the county and
greater integration of existing and any new services.
TC 23 To encourage the provision of enhanced public transport services and
infrastructure both within and between the main towns of the county.
TC 24 To ensure that bus routes and adequate services are provided within all new
proposals for substantial residential developments.
TC 25 To investigate the feasibility of the provision of bus based park and ride
facilities at urban based motorway interchanges and other strategic locations
elsewhere in County Louth.
8.13 Rural Transport Programme

The lack of public transport options represents a serious issue for many people living in
rural areas of County Louth. This has been identified as a key factor underlying levels of
exclusion in rural areas. A Rural Transport Service Audit and Needs Assessment carried

out in the county in 2001 identified that as many as 25% of people have a public
transport need. Much of this segment of the population comprises older people, people
with disabilities, young people and people on low incomes. Transport provision in rural
areas is poorly integrated, resulting in uneconomic and inefficient use of existing
resources. The main types of journey for which provision is required include work,
shopping, education and health journeys.
The Rural Transport Programme (RTP) was launched in 2007, building on the success
of the Rural Transport Initiative 2000 2006 and putting the former pilot scheme on a
permanent mainstream, with significantly more funding. It was set up to address social
exclusion in rural areas arising from unmet public transport needs. The scheme provides
funding for community organisations and community partnerships to address the
transport needs of their area.
In February 2008, Louth Leader Partnership commissioned a review and further survey
of the transport needs of people living in rural areas of the county. This survey will assist
the partnership in devising a public transport system to service those most in
need. Funding is available under the NDP 2007 - 2013 for the provision of rural based
public transport.
Policy
TC 26 To support Louth Leader Partnership in the provision of improved public transport

in the rural areas of the county.
8.14 Ports
County Louth has three commercial ports and one fishing port within its boundaries.
These are located at Drogheda, Dundalk, Greenore and Clogherhead, the latter being a
major commercial fishing port. The ports of
Drogheda, Dundalk and Greenore operate
as independent port authorities whereas
Clogherhead falls under the remit of Louth
County Council. The council has invested
heavily in the improvement of facilities at
Clogherhead over the course of the
previous plan period. During the course of
the Plan, it is anticipated that there will be
significant investment in Greenore Port.
Greenore has significant potential for
development as a deep water port catering
for both lo-lo and ro-ro traffic.
The M1 motorway provides excellent road linkages from the countys commercial ports
to the rest of the country and ultimately to the wider markets of the UK, Europe and
beyond.

Policy
TC 27 To ensure that there is sufficient land available for port expansion and related
uses and to support the development and expansion of the ports of Drogheda,
Dundalk, Greenore and Clogherhead.
8.15 Airports
Although there are no airports located within County Louth, the county enjoys the benefit
of rapid access to both Dublin and Belfast airports. This provides international linkages
and significant economic development opportunities, particularly with regard to the
attraction of foreign direct investment and visitors to the county.
8.16 Cycling and Walking

The policy document, Sustainable Development: A Strategy for Ireland identifies the
increased provision of cycle lanes and safer facilities for pedestrians as a key priority.
These can be facilitated by improvements in the design of roads and should be
incorporated as part of the design schemes for all new residential, educational,
employment and recreational developments. Good quality and safe cycling and walking
facilities and their use, particularly in urban areas, can make a valuable contribution to
the reduction in traffic congestion and the encouragement of significant modal shift away
from dependency on the use of the private motor car.
Policy
TC 28 To provide where possible, traffic free pedestrian and cyclist routes

especially where they would facilitate more direct, safer and pleasant
alternatives routes to those of the private car.
TC 29 To incorporate, where feasible, provision for cycle and pedestrian paths
within new road proposals and improvement schemes.
TC 30 To promote the development of cycling by the provision of cycle routes in
both rural and urban areas.
TC 31 To investigate the possibility of developing linear cycle routes utilizing
existing natural or manmade corridors such as riversides and abandoned
road and rail infrastructure.
TC 32 To encourage the provision of secure bicycle parking facilities in towns, at
neighbourhood centres and at public facilities such as schools, libraries and
in all new developments.
8.17 Communications
8.17.1 Telecommunications
Over the course of the previous County Development Plan 2003

2009, there has been a roll-out of quality broadband services
across the whole country funded largely by the National
Development Plan but also with significant private sector
involvement. The Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) programme
has seen the roll-out of broadband infrastructure to Drogheda,

Dundalk and Ardee. The remaining deficiencies in the broadband network will be
addressed under the National Broadband Scheme (NBS) during the course of the Plan.
Policy
TC 33 To secure the provision of high quality broadband and telecommunication

infrastructure within the county in the interests of promoting economic growth
and competitiveness.
8.17.2 Broadband
The vital role of high quality telecommunications in enabling the county to reach its full
economic potential is recognised. High speed broadband is an important asset in order
to attract inward investment into the county and to promote indigenous businesses and
commercial activity. County Louth is relatively well serviced by broadband, however,
some gaps remain in the level of availability. There are a number of areas where
broadband coverage is hampered for various reasons including lack of suitable
communication mast towers, topographical features and low customer numbers that
affects economic viability. Louth Local Authorities, in conjunction with service providers,
are working in order to eliminate these black spots and will continue to do so until the
county has complete coverage.
Because of rigidities in the market place, the government has increasingly encouraged
local authorities to become directly involved in the provision of broadband and
associated technologies. In this regard, the council is jointly involved in two initiatives,
the Dundalk Technology City Project and the North East Broad Band Proposal
(encompassing Monaghan, Cavan and Louth), in order to provide the infrastructure to
enable existing and new high technology and knowledge based enterprise to grow and
develop.
The government has made significant investments in the communications sector through
international connectivity, backhaul infrastructure, and in the MANS. MANs have been
operational in Dundalk and Drogheda since 2005 and more recently in Ardee. The
network is publicly owned but allows all telecommunication operators open access to it.
Policy
TC 34 To support a programme of broadband connectivity throughout the County and

facilitate the expansion of broadband in more remote areas.
8.17.3 Open Access Ducting
The council will require that open access is made available to all ducting networks
provided within the Plan area in order to support a competitive telecommunications
service and to safeguard existing roads and footpaths from unnecessary excavation.
These networks will remain in the ownership of the developer until taken in charge by the
council. The council will require by way of condition attached to any grant of planning
permission that the service provider enter into an agreement with the council to ensure
that open access at an economic cost is provided.

Policy
TC 35 To require that open access ducting for new developments is made available to
all service providers on a non-exclusive lease basis at an economic cost.
8.17.4 Land Based Telephony
The importance of the traditional land based telephony has decreased over recent years
due to the rapid upsurge in demand and developments in mobile telephony.
Nevertheless, land based telephony remains an essential part of the telecommunications
networks. The service is well developed and of a high standard throughout the county
and is continually being upgraded by the service providers. The two major telephone
exchanges located within the county are located in Dundalk and Drogheda.
8.17.5 Mobile Telephony
There have been considerable advances made in extending the mobile telephony
network and service in the county in recent years. A high quality reliable phone service
is a necessity for both business users and the public alike. It is important that the Plan
contains guidance for the appropriate provision of the required infrastructure. When
suitably located and designed this infrastructure can go unnoticed to the untrained eye.
Policy
TC 36 To require that all new mobile telecommunication installations comply with the
guidelines issues by the Department of Communications, Marine and Natural
Resources publication Health Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, 2007.
TC 37 To ensure that all mobile telecommunication infrastructures comply with the
standards set out in the document Telecommunications Antennae and
Support Structures, Guidelines for Planning Authorities 1996 issued by the
DoEHLG and the development management assessment criteria set out in
8.16.8.
TC 38 To operate a presumption against the location of antennae support structures
where such structures would have a serious negative impact on the visual
amenity of sensitive sites and locations.
TC 39 To require operators to share antenna support structures and sites where
feasible.
8.17.6 Development Management Assessment Criteria for Telecommunication Structures
Planning applications for telecommunications will in addition to the above, be assessed

having regard to the following:
Applicants should demonstrate that they are locating telecommunications equipment

in accordance with the sequential approach outlined in the telecommunications
guidelines Telecommunications and Antennae Support Structures, Guidelines for
Planning Authorities (1999). Only as a last resort will free standing structures be
permitted where there is a perceived threat to the visual or aesthetic amenity of a
place.

To ensure that the proposed siting for free standing antenna support structures
should be suitably located and designed in order to reduce visual impact. It is
accepted that operators require certain sightlines in order to provide coverage,
however it must be demonstrated that the location is not unduly obtrusive. Setting
installations against an appropriate backdrop may mitigate negative impacts. The
site should be made secure using appropriate fencing and natural landscaping. Anti-
climbing devices should be employed.
Applicants must undertake to make their antenna support structures available and/or
ducting to other service providers at an economic cost.
All installations attached to structures should employ the latest technology and
stealth techniques (wall mounting, painting, cable tray covers, set back distances
from roof edge etc.) in order to minimise their size and visual impact. Each piece of
equipment should be justified.
8.17.7 Obsolete Telecommunications Structures
Technology in the field of telecommunications is constantly advancing. This results in

infrastructures rapidly becoming outmoded. In order to prevent a proliferation of such
infrastructures which would be detrimental to the visual amenities of the countys
landscape, permission will normally be for a period of five years only, whereon obsolete
mobile telecommunication infrastructures must be removed by the operator and the site
re-instated. A bond or cash deposit will be sought to ensure compliance with any such
condition imposed. Any permission granted for a further period on the site will be
conditional on the replacement of the obsolete technology with more modern and
environmentally friendly designs where these have become available.
Policy
TC 40 To grant planning permission for telecommunications related structures for a

maximum period of five years, except in exceptional circumstances, and to
require the removal of all obsolete telecommunication structures and re-
instatement of sites to the satisfaction of the planning authority. A cash bond
and development levies will be imposed.
8.17.8 Domestic Satellite Dishes
Satellite dishes, if inappropriately sited, can materially harm the character and
appearance of historic buildings, important townscapes and the character of rural areas.
While satellite dishes can be erected as exempted development under the Planning and
Development Regulations, 2001 (as amended), these provisions are not applicable
where the dwelling is a protected structure or the dwelling is sited within an architectural
conservation area.
Policy
TC 41 To prohibit satellite dishes where they would materially harm the character and
appearance of a protected Structure, an architectural conservation area or in
any other area where they would cause unacceptable harm to the visual
amenities of the area.


Chapter 9
Energy
9.1 Introduction
Energy is an essential component of human activity and the availability of a clean and
constant supply to meet the needs of current and future generations is of growing concern
to governments and peoples across the globe. In addition, the traditional use of fossil fuels
as the main global energy source, particularly oil consumption, is having a significant
impact in accelerating global warming.
During the duration of the 2003 2009 County Development Plan, County Louth, in
common with the rest of the State, experienced rapidly increasing energy consumption. In
national terms, the increase in the use of energy, combined with a decreasing domestic
production capacity, resulted in a significant increase in energy imports. Over the period
1990 to 2006 Ireland experienced high levels of growth in energy demand, of an average
of 3.3% per year. Between 1990 and 2006, Irelands total annual energy use grew in
absolute terms by 67%. The State as a whole is highly dependent upon imported oil and
gas to meet its energy needs. However in 2006, 8.5% of Irelands gross electricity was
produced from renewable energy, compared to 4.9% in 1990.
In 2008, An Bord Pleanla granted planning permission for a gas powered 450 mega watt
electricity generating station at Toomes, north west of Louth Village. When commissioned,
this plant will provide an important source of energy that will be of major benefit to County
Louth, particularly with regard to economic development and competitiveness.
The key objective of the council in relation to energy is to ensure that the county has
sufficient energy resources available to drive economic development and improvement in
the quality of life of the people of Louth.
9.2 EU and National Policy
The European Council Energy Action Plan, 2007 endorsed a binding target of 20% of EU
energy consumption being produced from renewable resources by 2020. The
Governments Energy White Paper Delivering a Sustainable Energy Future for Ireland
(2007) contains the following key targets with regard to renewable electricity.
15% of Irelands gross electricity consumption from renewable sources to be

achieved by 2010
30% biomass co-firing at three state owned peat power generation stations to be
achieved by 2015
33% of Irelands gross electricity consumption from renewable sources to be
achieved by 2020
500 megawatt (MW) ocean energy capacity to be installed by 2020
400 MW combined heat and power (CHP) with particular emphasis on biomass
fuelled CHP, to be achieved by 2010 and 800 MW by 2020

Chapter 9 Energy
EU and national policy is aimed at the creation of a competitive renewable energy sector
characterised by innovation and driven by research and technology led development.
The council is aware that the County Louth has significant potential for the development of
renewable sources of energy such as wind, solar, ocean, tidal and bio energy and
therefore, the provision of such alternative energy resources will be encouraged on
suitable sites throughout the county.
Policy
EN 1 To promote and encourage the provision of alternative energy resources in line

with the Governments White Paper Delivering a Sustainable Energy Future for
Ireland.
9.3 Sustainable Energy Ireland (SEI)
Sustainable Energy Ireland was set up by the government in 2002 as Irelands national
energy agency to promote and assist the development of sustainable energy. Under the
governments decentralisation programme, SEI is being relocated to Dundalk. The
organisation currently occupies a regional office in the Finnabair Industrial Estate and has
developed strong linkages with Dundalk Institute of Technology, Louth County Council,
Dundalk Town Council and the private sector.
Sustainable Energy Ireland has been instrumental in the development and implementation
of a number of innovative energy use and conservation projects in Louth, primarily in
Dundalk. These include:
The Dundalk 2020 Holistic Project. This involves a partnership between SEI, Dundalk
Town Council, Louth County Council, institutional bodies and the private sector
supported by EU Concerto funding. The project covers a defined geographical area
in the south of Dundalk and aims to secure the efficient use of energy, including a
minimum of 20% of energy requirements from renewable resources.
Bright Ideas event. The first Bright Ideas event was held in Dundalk in 2008. It
brought together over one hundred of the north easts lighting manufacturers,
engineers, architects, interior designers, property managers and lighting retailers to
learn more about how to use lighting in an effective and efficient manner.
The council will work in partnership with, and support existing and proposed initiatives by
SEI in County Louth.
Policy
EN 2 To work in partnership with, and support existing and proposed initiatives by, SEI
in County Louth.
9.4 Electricity Transmission Power Lines

The provision of a secure and reliable electricity transmission infrastructure is essential to
ensuring the growth of Louths economy. While certain classes of development by the

Chapter 9 Energy
statutory electricity providers constitute exempted development under the Planning and
Development Regulations, major electricity infrastructure provision is subject to planning
control.
Policy
EN 3 To support the statutory providers of national grid infrastructure by protecting

identified strategic corridors from encroachment by developments that might
compromise the provision of energy networks.
EN 4 To require the under-grounding of electrical cables within new residential,
commercial or civic developments.
EN 5 To require that all high voltage lines of 38 KV and over comply with all
internationally recognised standards with regard to proximity to dwellings and
other structures in which the public assemble.
EN 6 To ensure that the siting of electricity power lines is managed in terms of the
visual impact on the environment, especially in sensitive landscapes.
9.5 Natural Gas Supply Network

Bord Gais ireann has a substantial distribution network in County Louth, covering
Dundalk, Drogheda, Dunleer, Ardee and Termonfeckin. Factors such as demand, size of
settlements and commercial developments, especially adjacent to the existing network,
drives expansions of their service.
Policy
EN 7 To support the expansion of the natural gas supply network in the county.
9.6 Renewable Energy

Ireland has significant renewable energy resource potential in terms of wind, wave, solar,
tidal, ocean and bio energy and it is important that these resources are developed and fully
utilised in order to reduce dependency on costly, imported fossil fuels.
The National Climate Change Strategy (NCCS) 2007 2012 details the measures by
which Ireland will meet its Kyoto 2008 - 2012 commitment. It states that electricity
generation from renewable sources provides the most effective way of reducing the
contribution of power generation to Irelands greenhouse gas emissions.
The development of renewable energy sources will assist in the provision of a secure and
stable energy supply for the long term and will also provide employment in indigenous
renewable energy projects which are often located in rural areas.

Chapter 9 Energy
Policy
EN 8 To encourage the production of combined heat and power generation (CHP)

from suitable industrial and municipal activities and the production of energy
from renewable resources, including wind, solar, ground heat source,
biomass, tidal, wave and generation from waste material, subject to normal
proper planning considerations, including in particular the impact on areas of
environmental or landscape sensitivity
EN 9 To co-operate with the appropriate authorities in Northern Ireland in the provision
of all-island renewable energy
EN 10 To support initiatives aimed at reducing the level of energy consumption within
the county.
EN 11 To require that all new buildings in County Louth demonstrate that at least 25%
of a buildings energy requirements are from renewable sources. This should be
calculated on the basis of an approved method carried out by a qualified and
accredited expert.
9.6.1 Wind Energy
Wind energy can make a significant

contribution as a clean sustainable
solution to energy requirements. It is
envisaged that wind power
generation will play a major role in
the achievement of green electricity
targets in Ireland, due to the
prevailing climatic conditions.
Although located on the east coast

where wind availability and speed
tends to be less than west coast
locations, County Louth still has
significant potential for wind energy production. However, the countys diverse landscapes
have varying degrees of sensitivity to wind energy generating infrastructure and therefore,
care will need to be exercised in their location and siting.
The Wind Energy Development Guidelines for Planning Authorities 2006 published by the
Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government sets out in detail various
development control considerations, including site selection, siting and layout for various
types of wind energy projects.
The council carried out substantial preliminary work on the preparation of a detailed wind
energy development strategy and based on considerations of wind speed, designated
conservation sites and landscape sensitivity, has identified preferred areas, areas open
for consideration and no go areas in accordance with the DoEHLG guidelines. These
are identified in map 9.1.

Chapter 9 Energy
Map 9.1: Areas Suitable for Wind Energy Development
Policy
EN 12 To promote the location of wind farms and wind energy infrastructure in the
preferred areas as outlined in map 9.1, to prohibit such infrastructure in the
areas identified as no go areas and to consider, subject to appropriate
assessment, the location of wind generating infrastructure in areas open for
consideration.
EN 13 To facilitate the development of wind energy sources where proposals are
consistent with the landscape preservation objectives of the Plan, the
protection of the natural and built environment and the visual and residential
amenities of the area.
EN 14 To require all wind farm developments to comply with the Wind Energy
Development Guidelines for Planning Authorities.

Chapter 9 Energy
9.6.2 Solar Energy
The sun is the absolute source of all energy on earth. It powers natural cycles on earth like
the wind, water flow and plant growth and is a reliable source of heat and light. Modern
technology can be used to capture and magnify the suns energy for a variety of energy
generation and conservation uses.
Solar energy technologies can provide energy for space heating and cooling in active and
passive solar buildings, potable water via distillation and disinfection, daylight, hot water,
thermal energy for cooking and at high temperature process heat for industrial purposes.
Policy
EN 15 To facilitate the use of solar energy technologies in all new developments

taking place in County Louth.
9.6.3 Bioenergy
The bioenergy sector is emerging as a viable alternative to the traditional non-renewable

energy supply sources of oil and coal. Biomass is plant and animal material which can be
used as a source of fuel. It can be refined or upgraded to produce either solid bio fuel such
as wood pellets and liquid bio fuels which include bio diesel.
The development of the bioenergy sector also can have economic benefits for rural areas in
particular. The production of energy crops is a means of sustaining and regenerating rural
areas at a time where there is a decline in traditional farming practices.
It should be noted however that experience elsewhere in the world has shown that an over
emphasis on the production of biofuel crops can have a detrimental effect on the production
of food as more and more land is turned over to monoculture crops destined for bio fuel
production. There are also significant ecological and environmental consequences
associated with the extensive use of lands for biofuel production.
Policy
EN 16 To support the production and refining of biomass for energy generation

purposes whilst adopting the precautionary approach to large scale
production of bio fuels in County Louth.
9.6.4 Wave Energy
Studies of European wave energy resources have indicated that the average wave power in
Europe is highest near the west of Ireland with an average wave power of 76 kw occurring
off the Irish coast. Ireland, Scotland and Northern Ireland have committed to a joint
approach in the development of wave and tidal energy.
Whilst the west coast of Ireland has the greatest wave generation power, there is no doubt
that potential also exists in the waters off Louths coast. The amount of this accessible
resource which can ultimately be realised will depend on the cost effectiveness of wave
energy technology, the amount of power which can be practically connected to the grid and

Chapter 9 Energy
the amount of capacity available on the network when other intermittent generation sources
such as wind energy are considered.
Policy
EN 17 To support the development of wave energy in suitable waters off the coast of
County Louth subject to the protection of important marine habitats.
9.6.5 Tidal and Ocean Energy
In 2006, the Marine Institute and Sustainable Energy Ireland prepared the National Strategy
for Ocean Energy. This phased strategy aims to introduce ocean energy into the
renewables portfolio in Ireland. Tidal energy is an important element of this overall
strategy. Carlingford Lough and the Boyne Estuary could have potential for the generation
of tidal energy.
Policy
EN 18 To support the development of tidal energy in suitable waters off the coast of
Louth subject to the protection of important marine habitats.
9.6.6 Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Dwelling Energy Assessment Procedure (DEAP) is the official Irish procedure for calculating
and assessing the energy performance of dwellings. Published by Sustainable Energy
Ireland (SEI), the procedure takes account of the energy required for space heating,
ventilation, water heating and lighting, less savings from energy generation technologies. It
calculates both the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission rate and energy consumption per
annum. This is a useful tool for designers when considering and comparing options to
conserve energy and reduce CO2 emission.
DEAP is used to calculate the Building Energy Rated (BER) of dwellings. The BER is a label
containing the energy performance of the dwelling. Expressed as primary energy use per
unit floor area per year (kWh/m/yr) and illustrated as an energy rating (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2,
B3 etc) for the dwelling, it also includes CO2 emissions indicator (kgCO2/m2/yr) associated
with this energy use and an advisory report. Under Building Regulations all buildings will in
time be required to be energy efficient. As of now the roll out of this requirement applies as
follows to:
All dwellings commencing on or after 1st January 2007

All new buildings other than dwellings commencing on or after 1st July 2008
All existing buildings when let or sold on or after 1st January 2009
The right design decisions in relation to building form, internal layout, levels of insulation,
amount and orientation of glazing, utilisation of solar energy, heating system and fuel type,
use of draught lobbies, construction materials and measures to conserve potable water, can
contribute greatly to sustainability. In addition these will lead to cost savings in the long
term, while raising the level of comfort for the occupants of the dwelling.

Chapter 9 Energy
Policy
EN 19 To ensure that all new developments comply in full with Part L of the Building
Regulations (as amended in 2008).
EN 20 To promote the use of district heating systems in large scale development and
master planned areas.
EN 21 To encourage the reuse of existing obsolete buildings for new uses.
EN 22 To encourage the recycling of building materials on development sites.
EN 23 To encourage the design and construction of buildings that are functionally
adaptable and can be maintained with minimal use of resources.
EN 24 To support the utilisation of building and landscape design features to minimise
energy requirements
EN 25 To ensure that all new buildings are designed and constructed having regard to
the Guidelines for Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Buildings as set
out in paragraph 9.7 of the Plan.
9.7 Guidelines for Sustainable Design and Energy Efficiency in Buildings

This section sets out guidelines for the sustainable design, siting and construction of
buildings, particularly, with regard to energy efficiency and energy conservation, as well as
waste management, waste disposal and sustainable urban drainage systems. These
standards need to be read and adhered to in conjunction with improved national standards
which came into effect from the 1st of July 2008 (Part L of the Building Regulations 2007, as
amended).
Measures that promote energy conservation and efficiency in buildings include air tightness,
appropriate use of glazing, high insulation standards and more efficient heating. Alternative
forms of electricity and heat generation should also be considered. The various elements in
relation to energy conservation and ecological building design are further outlined in this
section.
1. Passive Solar Design
Passive Solar Design (PSD) techniques relate to the siting, layout, built form and the
landscaping of a development. The use of PSD techniques is cost effective, as it requires
little or no cost to the developer and can amount to substantial savings on behalf of the
owner/occupier. It also reduces the long-term use of fossil fuels and thereby reduces CO
production.
The main elements for the application of PSD with regards to design, siting and layout are as
follows:
Orientation - To maximise solar access and its benefits, the principle faade of a
building should be orientated to be within 30 degrees of south where feasible. A
southerly orientation maximises solar gain in winter.
Wind Buildings should be designed and located to reduce the impact of wind chill and
suitable shelter belts should be incorporated.
Openings - Large glazed surfaces should be located on the southern face of the
building. These surfaces must be highly insulated through high performance glazing to
prevent the loss of heat.

Chapter 9 Energy
Internal planning - The internal layout of buildings should be designed by setting

occupied spaces to the south and service spaces to the cooler north.
Avoidance of overshadowing Where feasible, buildings should be carefully spaced to
minimise the loss of solar gain due to overshadowing.
2. Low Energy Performance Buildings
All new buildings should be designed to comply with low energy performance standards. The
current minimum energy performance requirements for residential buildings are set out in the
Second Schedule to the Building Regulations 1997 (S.I. No. 497 of 1997). Amendments to
the statutory regulations came into effect from the 1st of July 2008 (Building Regulations
(Amendment) Regulations 2007 (S.I. No. 854 of 2007). It will be a prerequisite of all
development in the Plan area that the provisions of the amended building regulations be
complied with.
4. Active Solar Design
Active solar systems can work in unison with passive systems and provide an alternative
mechanism for harnessing solar energy. This system does not rely on site orientation or
layout but can be incorporated into any building design to maximise energy efficiency. Active
solar technology involves the installation of a solar collector device; this device absorbs the
suns heat to provide space or water heating. A correctly sized unit can provide around half of
a households water needs over a year; large buildings can introduce several systems to
increase solar absorption.
5. Alternative Heating Systems
Energy efficient heating systems such as wood pellet stoves and boilers and geothermal heat
pumps can greatly help to reduce energy consumption. Geothermal heat pumps (GHP) work
by extracting heat energy from a low temperature source and upgrading it to a higher
temperature so that it can be used for space and water heating. Heat pumps are very
economical. For every unit of electricity used to power the heat pump, 3 to 4 units of heat are
generated. They work best in conjunction with low temperature heat distribution systems e.g.
under floor heating. Wood burning systems do emit carbon dioxide. However, as the wood
fuel is cultivated, it absorbs the exact same amount of carbon dioxide as is released when
burnt. As such it does not add to the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. An eligible system
can be used for heating a single room, hot water or a whole house.
6. Reduction in Water Consumption
Fresh water resources are increasingly becoming an issue of environmental and economic
importance. According to the European Environment Agency, the average consumption for all
household purposes is about 150 litres per capita (1999). On this basis the average water
consumption per person in Ireland comes to a staggering 55,000 litres per person per year.
The third biggest user of water is the WC, accounting for almost 35% of a persons average
daily water consumption. In this regard the use of dual flush or low water capacity cisterns
should be used.

Chapter 9 Energy
7. Rain Water Harvesting
Rain water recovery systems harvest rain water which can then be used for the flushing of
toilets, washing machines and general outside use. A rainwater holding tank is installed
below the ground that gathers water from the roof of buildings. This water is pumped into a
tank within the buildings roof space where it is stored until required. This water would
otherwise have to be treated and pumped by the local authorities presenting a substantial
saving. The system filters and collects between 20% and 30% of total water consumption
used by a family of four. The system is isolated from the mains water system to eliminate any
possibilities of contamination. In the event of using all of the rainwater reserve, an automatic
change over system switches over to using mains water until the rainwater tank starts to refill.
The rainwater system generally has three separate filters which reduce particles down to 130
microns. These systems should have the British Board of Agrment approval to meet the
Building Regulations.
8. Wind Energy
The use of wind turbines to provide a self-sufficient power source or to supply power in
combination with other energy sources merits investigation for any large scale development.
The Planning and Development Regulations 2006 exempts from planning permission certain
types of renewable energy structures including small scale wind turbines. The use of these
technologies should be incorporated into the design of buildings from the outset. Proposals
for the provision of small and medium size wind turbines which fall outside the exempted
development categories will be favourably considered by the council provided that they do not
significantly impact on visual or residential amenities of the area.
9. Construction Methods
Consideration should be given to the use of renewable building materials such as wood from
sustainably managed forests and locally sourced building materials for development projects.
Other features of construction should also be considered such as off-site construction and
prefabrication to minimise the impact of building on the site, reductions in levels of on-site
waste and also minimising cost. The re-use of construction waste such as excavated material
and topsoil should also be considered.
10. Waste Management and Disposal
All future developments should seek to minimise waste through reduction, re-use and
recycling. Waste management and disposal should be considered as part of the construction
process and in the operation of the development when completed.
11. Construction Waste
Construction related waste accounts for about one-third of total land filled waste in Ireland.
Therefore developers and builders should minimise construction waste generated in
development projects. During the construction process measures should be implemented to
minimise soil removal (as part of the scheme design process), properly manage construction
waste and encourage off-site prefabrication where feasible.

Chapter 9 Energy
12. Domestic Waste
Everyday domestic waste produced by future residents and businesses shall be minimised
through reduction, reuse and recycling. All new developments should provide for waste
separation facilities, recycling banks and compost units.
13. Precipitation and Climate Change
Buildings should, as far as is practical, be future proofed against increased precipitation and
storm frequency likely to result from climate change. The following check list should be
applied:
Check existing water table and natural patterns of drainage

Calculate rainwater guttering and pipe work on the basis of up to 30% increase in
precipitation
Use soft landscaping to reduce storm water runoff and help the rain to percolate
naturally back into the water table
Use porous paving schemes to allow water to flow down through hard landscaping
directly into the water table to minimise drainage requirements and relieve pressure on
existing drainage
Retain robust roofing details including sarking in preference to battens
Preserve and increase planting of native trees to absorb C02 to help reduce global
climate change
14. Micro climate enhancement
Trees and shrubs can make a significant contribution to energy conservation by providing
shelter and modifying climate at the micro level. Designers and developers should plant
deciduous trees and use hard landscaping on the south side of buildings to enhance the
micro climate and minimise energy use.

Chapter 9 Energy

Chapter 10
Environment
10.1 Introduction
The council is aware of the need to preserve, enhance and protect the quality of the
environment whilst facilitating and encouraging development. A good quality
environment is not only of intrinsic value in itself but is also extremely important for
economic development and quality of life. Water resources in particular are extremely
important but have often
been neglected in the
past in the name of
economic progress and
advancement. This has
also been the case in
relation to air quality.
The protection of the
water and air quality of
County Louth is
therefore of great
concern to the council.
This chapter outlines the policies of the council in relation to the protection and
management of these essential resources, including measures existing and proposed,
to protect the environment of the county for the benefit of existing and future
generations.
10.2 European, National and Regional Policy

The environmental policies contained in this plan have been devised having regard to
the large body of european and national legislation, directives and regulations.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the local authorities are the bodies
charged with the responsibility for overseeing environmental protection in the State.
The EPA in its State of the Environment Report, 2004, identified five overall
environmental priorities for the State. These are:
Meeting international commitments on air emissions

Eutrophication prevention and control
Waste management
Better integration of environmental and natural resource considerations in the
policies, plans and actions of economic sectors
Improving enforcement of environmental legislation
The council will pursue environmental policies that will seek to safeguard the long term
economic, social and environmental wellbeing of the county and will lead by example
Chapter 10 Environment
in the compliance with EU, national and regional policies. It will also seek to ensure
that the highest possible environmental standards are maintained so that a high quality
environment can be bequeathed to future generations.
Policy
ENV 1 To implement european, national and regional policy in relation to the

protection of the environment and the pursuance of sustainable development
principles in respect of the councils policies and procedures.
ENV 2 To pursue the precautionary and the polluter pays principles in relation to
permitted development in the county.
ENV 3 To promote and maintain the highest achievable standards of air, noise and
water quality in the county.
10.3 Environmental Noise
Environmental noise refers to noise emitted by means of road traffic, rail traffic, air
traffic and noise in urban
agglomerations over a specified
size. It is regulated under the
Environmental Noise Directive
(END) which was transposed
into Irish law by the
Environmental Noise
Regulations 2006. The aim of
the Directive is to provide for a
common EU approach to the
avoidance, prevention and
reduction of the harmful effects
of exposure to environmental
noise.
10.3.1 Noise Action Plan 2008
The Louth Local Authorities have prepared a Noise Action Plan (NAP) to address
environmental noise for major roads carrying more than six million vehicles per annum.
These include parts of the M1 motorway, N1/A1 dual carriageway, the N52 and the
R132. The National Roads Authority has prepared noise maps for the relevant sections
of these roads which provide a base line for noise measuring and monitoring.
The Noise Action Plan is designed with the twin aims of avoiding significant adverse
health impacts from noise and preserving environmental noise quality where good.

Policy
ENV 4 To implement the Louth Local Authorities Noise Action Plan 2008 in order
to avoid, prevent and reduce the harmful effects, including annoyance,
due to exposure to environmental noise.
ENV 5 To require that where new development is proposed within the limits of the
noise maps for the designated sections of the M1, N1, N52 and R132, that
appropriate mitigation measures are undertaken so as to prevent harmful
effects from environmental noise.
10.4 Water Quality

The long term economic, social and environmental wellbeing of County Louth requires
water quality to be of the highest possible standard. This includes surface water,
ground water and sea water all of which are vital to life and therefore must be
managed wisely.
The quality of water in County Louth is monitored on a regular basis against a list of
quality measurement criteria. This includes the carrying out of farm surveys, the
licensing and monitoring of trade effluent discharges and the assessment of proposed
development in order to ensure that water quality is maintained. Increased awareness
through educational and other means is essential for informing the public of the need
and importance of maintaining the highest possible water quality standards.
10.4.1 The Water Framework Directive 2000
The Water Framework Directive 2000 sets an agenda for the protection and
improvement of water bodies such as rivers, lakes and streams, groundwater, coastal
and estuarine waters, on the basis of river basin districts. The Directive is concerned
with all waters and their uses and brings all water related directives under one
framework, including those dealing with bathing water, drinking water wells and
supplies, water taken from rivers, sewage disposal and the protection of salmon and
shellfish habitats. As part of the implementation of this Directive, a total of eleven
existing EU directives must be complied with in full under legal obligation. There is an
onus on local authorities to prevent any deterioration in the existing status of our
waters, including the protection of good and high status where it exists, and where
deterioration has occurred, to ensure that all waters so affected are restored to at least
good status by 2015.
10.4.2 River Basin District Management Plans
A river basin is the area of land from which all surface run-off flows through a
sequence of streams, rivers and possibly lakes, into the sea at a single river mouth,
estuary or delta. A river basin district also includes coastal and marine waters up to
one nautical mile beyond the baseline from which territorial waters are measured.
The Water Framework Directive requires that river basin management plans be
prepared and implemented, primarily by local authorities, for each identified river basin
within the EU boundary. These set out a roadmap as to how the status of natural
waters will be protected and restored where necessary.

County Louth straddles two river basin districts, the Neagh-Bann and the Eastern River
Basin District. The bulk of County Louth lies within the Neagh Bann River Basin District
and its management plan is being prepared jointly by Louth, Cavan, Meath, Monaghan
and authorities north of the border.
The council will implement the requirements and recommendations contained within
both of these plans in so far as they relate to County Louth.
10.4.3 River Basin Management Planning Guidance for Public Authorities
In 2008, the Department of the

Environment, Heritage and
Local Government issued the
River Basin Management
Planning Guidance for Public
Authorities. These guidelines
explain the relationship that
exists between the river basin
management plans and other
plans and programmes,
including statutory
development plans. It
stipulates that local authority
development plans will need to, both influence and be influenced by, river basin
management plans and that planning authorities should ensure that any relevant
objectives of any water quality management plan be included in the development plan.
The guidelines also highlight the need for the strategic environmental assessment of
the Plan to take into account the impact that it will have on the environmental
protection objectives established for waters in the area covered by the plan.
Policy
ENV 6 To Increase awareness through educational and other means so as to

inform the public of the need and importance of maintaining the highest
possible water quality standards.
ENV 7 To implement the recommendations contained in the River Basin District
Management Plans for the Neagh Bann and the Eastern River Basin
Districts, in so far as they relate to County Louth.
10.5 Natural Water Systems and Groundwater

Good quality groundwater is an important natural resource which has an inherent
ecological and economic benefit. The quality of groundwater is continually being
threatened by human activities which can cause pollution. The intensification of
agriculture, particularly the spreading of animal slurry and farmyard wastes such as
silage effluent and soiled water, and increases in population and septic tank effluent,
have all led to an increased risk of pollution to groundwater and surface water systems,
lakes, estuarine and coastal waters.

Approximately 34% of Louths water supply comes from groundwater sources. The
protection of this resource is of major concern to the council.
Poor agricultural
management can cause
nutrients to be washed
into ground and surface
water. This results in
contamination of water
sources, making them
unfit for human
consumption and to
eutrophication, which
encourages rapid algae
and plant life growth,
thereby depriving the
water of oxygen necessary for water based life. Once contamination has occurred, it is
costly and difficult to rectify.
Groundwater protection schemes are county based projects that are undertaken jointly
between the Geological Survey Ireland (GSI) and local authorities. The preparation
and implementation of a groundwater protection scheme which will identify, quantify
and protect groundwater resources in Louth is anticipated in 2010. The aim of a
groundwater protection scheme is to ensure the sustainability of groundwater reserves
as well as meeting the requirements of the Groundwater Directives.
Policy
ENV 8 (i) To implement the recommendations contained in any groundwater

protection scheme prepared under EU Ground Water Directives and to
seek the establishment of a ground water protection scheme in order to
protect ground water resources in County Louth particularly within the
Castletown Estuary and River Proules, nutrient sensitive areas and the
designated shellfish growing areas within Carlingford Louth and Dundalk
Bay.
ENV 8 (ii) To protect fisheries within the River Boyne where appropriate including
relevant species as contained in Annex II of the Habitats Directive.
10.6 Nitrate Vulnerable Zones

Protection of ground waters from pollution by nitrates is becoming an issue of
increasing significance and the EU Nitrates Directive requires remedial actions in this
regard. The presence of high levels of nitrates in soil is a health hazard as sources of
drinking water can be contaminated. Nitrates can also contribute to eutrophication and
this is particularly harmful to coastal and marine resources.
Two areas of County Louth identified in the previous plan as exhibiting high nitrates in
groundwater, namely Sheepgrange and Tullyallen, have been successfully managed.
In areas at risk from water pollution, a primary consideration is the management of

manures and fertilisers. The Castletown Estuary and Proules River are identified as
protected nutrient sensitive areas under the Register of Protected Areas.
Policy
ENV 9 To ensure compliance with and to implement the provisions of the Nitrate
Directive in so far as it falls within the remit of the council to do so.
ENV 10 To require that collection and storage facilities for farm animal slurry are
provided in accordance with the requirements of the Nitrate Directive.
10.7 On Site Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems

All wastewater, including domestic and trade, ultimately discharges to water, whether
ground, surface or marine. Therefore, the provision of satisfactory waste water
treatment and disposal is essential for the protection of the environment. The majority
of wastewater is discharged under license from the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) or the council depending on the volumes involved.
Private waste water treatment systems for individual dwellings or other very small scale
development may discharge to ground water without the need to acquire a licence. In
such circumstances, the proposed treatment system and quality of the discharge is
regulated by way of planning conditions, having regard to the EPA Guidelines for the
provision of small scale wastewater treatment systems. In limited circumstances only,
the use of small scale private communal waste water treatment systems discharging to
either ground or surface water may be acceptable. Where this is permitted, the council
will insist that the treatment system remains under single management, enforceable
under legal agreement with the council.
In order to protect the existing and potential groundwater reserves in the county, the
council proposes to undertake, in conjunction with the Geological Survey of Ireland, a
comprehensive groundwater survey of the county.
It also proposes to produce a guidance document setting out the requirements and
information to be submitted with a planning application for all on-site wastewater
treatment systems.

Policy
ENV 11 To require that all permitted development taking place within an area
served by a public wastewater treatment system connects to that
system.
ENV 12 To require that on lands identified for development and where no public
waste water facility exists or is proposed, that the wastewater be treated
and discharged to suitable receiving water subject to a discharge licence.
ENV 13 To consider permitting development, on zoned land only, on the basis of
acceptable interim waste water treatment arrangements under licence
where there is insufficient capacity within the existing water treatment
facilities, subject to appropriate level of treatment being provided as
suitable robust operational arrangements being put in place.
ENV 14 To require that private wastewater treatment systems for individual
houses, where permitted, comply with the recommendations contained
within the EPA manuals and code of practice for wastewater treatment
systems for single houses.
ENV 15 To implement the requirements of the Groundwater Protection Scheme
to protect known and potential ground water reserves.
ENV 16 To adhere to the guidance document setting out the requirements and
information to be submitted with a planning application for an on site
wastewater treatment systems.
10.7.1 Design and installation of On Site Wastewater Treatment Systems
The proper supervision, installation and commissioning of on site wastewater treatment

systems by competent persons is regarded as most important in ensuring protection of
surface and ground waters.
Policy
ENV 17 To insist that proper supervision, installation and commissioning of on site

wastewater treatment systems by requiring site characterisation
procedures and geotechnical assessments be carried out by competent
professionally indemnified and suitably qualified persons approved by the
council.
ENV 18 To require that the construction and installation of all wastewater treatment
systems are supervised and certified by a suitably qualified competent
person as fit for the intended purpose and complies with the councils
requirements.
10.8 North East Region Waste Management Plan 2005 -2010

The North East Region Waste Management Plan, including the counties of Louth,
Cavan, Meath and Monaghan, covers the period 2005 - 2010 and will be subject to
further review during the period of the Plan.

The aim of the North East Region Waste Management Plan is to decrease the amount
of waste generated and disposed of to landfill throughout the region by promoting the
principles of reduce, reuse and recycle and to provide sustainable measures of waste
disposal. In any area where there is conflict in relation to environmental policy
contained in the development plan and the waste management plan, the latter will take
precedent.
Policy
ENV 19 To implement and support the provisions of the North East Region Waste
Management Plan.
10.9 Seveso Sites

The European Communities (Control of Major Accident Hazards Involving Dangerous
Substances) Regulations, 2000 gives affect to the European Directive on the control of
major accidents involving dangerous substances. The legislation is more commonly
known as Seveso II Directive. There are three such sites in the county, all of which are
located within the jurisdiction of Drogheda Borough Council.
Policy
ENV 20 To impose restrictions on developments abutting or within close proximity

of a Seveso site. The extent of restrictions on development will be
dependant on the type of risk present and the quantity and form of the
dangerous substance present.
10.10 Derelict Sites

Under the Derelict Sites Act 1990 and the Litter Pollution Act, 1997, the planning
authority can require improvement of neglected lands, the renewal of structures, the
removal of unsightly vehicle parts and general refuse.
Policy
ENV 21 To implement the provisions of the Derelict Sites Act 1990 and the Litter
Pollution Act, 1997 in respect of derelict and obsolete areas.
10.11 Veterinary Services

The councils veterinary services are a joint initiative between the council and the
Department of Agriculture. It can impact on development proposals in a number of
ways through the requirement to comply with EU, national and local regulations. Its
function includes the management of the councils animal pound, the issuing of dairy
certificates under the European Communities (Hygiene Production and Placing on the
Market of Raw Meat and Heat Treated and Milk Based Products) Regulations 1996,

the implementation of the Abattoirs Act 1988 and matters concerning animal welfare
and by-products.
Policy
ENV 22 To implement the function of the veterinary office in partnership with the
Department of Agriculture.


Chapter 11
Water Services
11.1 Water Services

The provision of a high quality and efficient
water supply and drainage infrastructure
will ensure the long-term physical,
environmental, social and economic
development of the county. A high
standard of water and wastewater
infrastructure and services are pre-
requisites in facilitating new, orderly and
sustainable development.
Over the period of the previous Plan, the

county has experienced very significant
development pressure which has placed
serious strain on the capacity of existing
water supply and drainage infrastructure.
In many settlements there have been and remain significant capacity issues in terms of
both water supply and waste water treatment. Key objectives include;
The improvement of water and wastewater services in those areas of the county
where deficiencies exist at present, subject to the availability of resources and
appropriate statutory approvals.
Measures to address deficiencies in existing water and wastewater infrastructure,
so as to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and the objectives of the
Water Framework Directive.
The preservation and development of water and wastewater infrastructure in order
to facilitate the growth of settlements in a structured, sequential manner.
The implementation of adequate surface water drainage measures and the
prohibition of unsuitable development in flood susceptible areas, such that risk of
flooding of existing or proposed developments is minimised.
11.2 Context
The provision and operation of water services infrastructure is a key element in
supporting economic growth and providing a satisfactory quality of life for existing and
future residents within the county through sustaining environmental quality. In
particular, water infrastructural capacity is a pre-requisite to allow for new development
within the county.
Whilst universal access to these services is an ideal, the reality is that there are
limitations on available resources. This stems from a combination of organisational
capacity, environmental, planning and other constraints coupled with economic reality,

Chapter 11 Water Services
all of which dictate that resources must be focused in a manner to maximise potential
benefit to the county.
The Water Services Act 2007 provides the legislative context, governing functions,
standards, obligations and practice in relation to the planning, management and
delivery of water services. Legislation broadly covers water and wastewater in the
pipe as distinct from broader water resources and quality issues.
The Drinking Water Regulations 2007 set out the standards, requirements and
procedures relating to the maintenance of a quality supply of water to consumers. The
regulations also empower the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in a supervisory
and monitoring role over local authority operations. This has major implications in how
the council operates and manages its facilities and may impact on the resource
requirement needed to operate and upgrade existing facilities to comply with these
regulations.
The Wastewater Discharge Regulations 2007 set out requirements relating to the
licensing of wastewater treatment plants and other discharges from wastewater
infrastructure and empower the EPA to licence and regulate council facilities. Licences
specify both quantum and quality of discharges permissible from plants and may,
where environmental constraints exist, limit the councils scope for expansion of
facilities and thus prevent further development in an area. They may then require
significant investment to ameliorate the impacts of existing developments.
Nitrates, Habitats, Urban wastewater and Shellfish Directives emanating from the EU
directly impact on the councils capacity to both harness existing water resources for
use, and the capacity to treat and dispose of wastewater and associated bio-solids. In
particular, they will impact on the Councils capacity to increase overall outputs, ability
to upgrade existing plants and to limit operational costs of plants.
Louth County Councils Assessment of Needs was carried out to cover the period from
2007-2014 and sets out a strategic investment programme of some 169.4 million with
prioritised projects, based on objective assessment criteria. This in turn informs the
Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government in drawing up the Water
Services Investment Programme. Prioritisation and advancement of projects therein
will depend on department approvals and resource availability. A key constraint on
such projects is the requirement that the council fund a significant element of project
costs in accordance with the implementation of the Water Pricing Policy.
The council will be required to draw up a Water Services Strategic Plan during the
course of the Plan. The adoption of the Water Services Strategic Plan is a reserved
function for the countys elected members. The plan will set out a strategy for the
provision of water services in the county taking cognisance of sustainable
development, affordability, environmental constraints, service quality and regulatory
criteria.
The council has a primary role in providing and facilitating the provision of water
services. However other bodies also have a role to play. These include private group
schemes, developers and private individuals who are also involved in their provision.

Policy
WS 1 To ensure the provision of a high quality water and wastewater

infrastructure to support both existing and future developments within the
county, consistent with sustainability principles and the availability of
financial resources whilst prioritising those centres where serious
deficiencies are in evidence or where further sustainable development can
be reasonably anticipated.
WS 2 To ensure appropriate assessments are carried out on development
proposals in respect of flood risk.
WS 3 To require developers to submit sustainable urban drainage systems
(SUDS) based designs for the management of surface water from new
developments.
WS 4 To ensure that the provision and operation of water and wastewater
treatment facilities is undertaken in accordance with EU policies and
directives, relevant national legislation, national and regional policies.
WS 5 To ensure that satisfactory arrangements that have the capacity necessary
to service proposed developments are in place prior to any proposals for
developments being considered. The council where deemed appropriate
may require developers to provide water services or enter into binding
legal agreement to supply them either wholly by themselves, or in
partnership with other developers and/ or the council, prior to granting of
permission and subject to conditions as set down by the council.
WS 6 To require developers to provide water services infrastructure in excess of
that which they require, in the interests of integrated long term
development of the area where appropriate.
WS 7 To implement the Water Services Strategic Plan when completed.
WS 8 To undertake measures recommended in the River Basin Management
Plans relevant to County Louth to mitigate the impacts of water
abstraction and discharges of treated effluent from wastewater plants and
storm drains, on a prioritised basis, subject to affordability.
WS 9 To ensure that the scale of provision of water services reflect the scale of
envisaged settlement sizes in accordance with the settlement strategy,
whilst reflecting realistic provision in the context of overall projected
population growth in the county for the period of the Plan.
WS 10 To fully integrate the provision of water services in County Louth under the
aegis of Louth County Council in accordance with provisions of Local
Government Act 2001.
11.3 Water Supply

Water demand has increased significantly over the course of the previous plan. This
has been driven by growth in the number of households, lifestyle changes and lower
unit occupancy. Domestic water usage in Ireland at circa 160litres per head per day is
amongst the highest in Europe, reflecting the absence of domestic water charges
based on consumption. Furthermore it is likely that that implementation of the Water
Framework Directive measures will curtail our capacity to significantly increase
abstractions from rivers and groundwater resources, which are in any case limited.

11.3.1 Capital Investment Programme: Water
A substantial capital program is being pursued. The Water Pricing Policy will present a
significant challenge to council finances in respect of funding capital schemes. As
such, the strategic approach adopted is to develop large integrated schemes which
can be implemented in a piecemeal manner as demand arises, focusing initially on
addressing shortfalls in existing quality and supply arrangements, thus minimising
costs. The following water schemes are progressing as part of the councils capital
investment programme.
Table 11.1: Capital Investment Programmes
Project Description Status

Cooley Regional Provision of new supply to Omeath Preliminary
Water Supply Stage 2 Upgrade of existing facilities in Cooley report
scheme
Subject to identifying additional resources
extending supply to adjacent unserviced
areas in north Louth
Mid-Louth Regional Upgrading of existing piped infrastructure Preliminary

Water Supply Scheme and storage along eastern side of county report
from Dundalk to Drogheda contract
Develop a new treatment plant documentation
abstracting water from the Rivers Dee procurement
and Glyde
Single supply source for Ardee, Dunleer
Louth and Greenmount schemes.
East Meath, South Upgrading of Staleen wastewater Preliminary

Louth and Drogheda treatment plant WTP report
Water Supply Development of new groundwater contract
Improvement Scheme sources
Peripheral trunk main around Drogheda
and increased storage
Provision of additional supplies and key
network assets to Drogheda environs and
south Louth area
Dundalk and Environs Strategic study of demands, supply Final report

Strategic water Study options, asset renewal and investment
programme required to provide supplies
to the Dundalk area and its environs over
a 20 year horizon
North Drogheda Provision of trunk water mains Contract

Development of groundwater sources documentation

11.3.2 Water Supply: Current Status
County Louth operates twenty public supply

schemes. A number of group schemes are
also supplied from public mains and these
are in effect operated by the council. A
further seven private group schemes operate
within the county and are supported through
the Rural Water Programme. The remaining
properties are serviced by individual wells or
other private sources of supply.
Public and private group schemes are to be

licensed and regulated under the Water
Services Act by the Environmental Protection
Agency in the case of public schemes.
Private group schemes will be overseen by the council once relevant regulations are
enacted. Commercial private supplies using water as part of their activities are also
regulated by the council.
Figure 11.1 illustrates the types of water supply in the county. Almost 80% of supplies
are by public main and the remainder by group schemes and private wells.
Figure 11.1: Types of Water Supply
The council supports the continued operation and development of the private group
scheme sector and sees this sector as providing a very effective mechanism of
developing piped services in currently unserviced areas. Table 11.2 outlines existing
public schemes, their source of supply, existing demand and deployable yield. Details
of private group schemes and their extent are contained in table 11.3.

Table 11.2: Public Water Schemes
Volume Scheme
Scheme Source Supplied Capacity Comments
(m/day) (m)
Ardee River Dee 3113 3800 Plant to be upgraded to address
and wells quality issues. Ultimately to be
supplied from Mid Louth
scheme
Greenmount River Dee 1992 2500 Integrated into Mid Louth
Scheme
Tallanstown River Glyde 902 1000 Ultimately to be supplied from
Mid Louth scheme
Carlingford Surface 300 300 To be integrated into Cooley
spring schemesource to be
abandoned
Greenore Surface 200 200 To be upgraded as part of
spring Cooley scheme
Omeath Lislea River 325 325 Existing sources to be
and wells abandoned. To be integrated
into Cooley Scheme
Cooley Bored wells 1745 2500 Scheme to be upgraded
Jenkinstown 100 Scheme integrated into Cooley
Carrickcarnan DOE NI 10 Supplied by DOE NI Water
services
Dunbin River Fane 753 900 Connected to Cavanhill supply
Sheelagh/ River Fane 115 150 Connected to Cavanhill supply
Courtbane
Dunleer River Dee 245 400 Integrated into Greenmount
Clogherhead/ River Boyne 1100 Supplied from Drogheda,
Termonfeckin augmented by well source.
Capacity dependent on
Drogheda supply
Collon Bored wells 1407 Capacity variable depending on
well yield.
Kilineer Bored wells 4 5
Drybridge Bored wells 350
Cavanhill River Fane 20,000 34,000 Currently being upgraded
Castletown Annaskeagh Decommissioned. Industrial
usage only.
Staleen River Boyne 28,000 30,000 Currently being upgraded.
15,000 of the capacity is
extracted to Meath.
Rosehall Barnattan/ 2,250 2,250 To be decommissioned when
Mattock Staleen capacity is augmented.
Rivers

Table 11.3: Private Group Water Schemes
No. of Volume
Scheme Source Domestic Supplied Comment
Connections /day (m)
Ballymakenny Bored wells 601 1200
Drybridge/ Bored wells 56 81
Waterunder
Tullyallan Bored wells 163 135 Limited further capacity
Grangebellew Bored wells 23 20 Limited further capacity
Mountain Spring 51 50 No further capacity
Park source
Tinure Bored well 23 24 Taken in charge by council.
Supplied from Collon public
water supply.
Sheepgrange Bored well 56 38 New well and reservoir
developed
Killanny Moynalty 500 400 Serves Monaghan and
Reaghstown Lough Louth. Figures reflect
services in Louth
Ardaghy Surface 20 20 Disbanded
stream
Policy
WS 11 To ensure adequacy of public water supplies consistent with sustainability

principles and within the limits of cost effectiveness and availability of finance.
WS 12 To ensure the quality of water supplied complies with Drinking Water
Regulations and reflects the requirements of the Provision and Quality of
Drinking Water in Ireland A Report for the years 2007-2008 published by the
EPA.
WS 13 To promote and support the development and proper management of Group
Water Schemes subject to appropriate level of treatment being provided and
suitable robust operational arrangements being put in place.
WS 14 To improve and expand water supplies consistent with the Louth County
Council Assessment of Needs Strategy and Water Services Investment
Programme.
WS 15 To promote the conservation of water through the continuance of our active
water conservation programme and the utilisation of best practice in the
maintenance and operation distribution networks and development of
appropriate public awareness programmes.
WS 16 To implement a policy of metering all existing and new developments to
effectively manage water demand and in the case of non-domestic
developments, to facilitate charging for services in accordance with Article 9 of
the EU Water Framework Directive.
WS 17 To protect existing surface and groundwater resources and in particular those
that supply drinking water or offer the potential to be harnessed for supply of
drinking water and to implement measures identified in the Groundwater
Source Protection Plan once finalised.

11.4 Wastewater
Legislation is in place to the
effect that the council would
be committing an offence were
it to grant permissions where
the total treatment capacity
allocated in any centre is in
excess of actual treatment
capacity available, unless the
council can ensure that
facilities can be expanded
before loading arises from the new developments. This arises from EPA licensing
under Wastewater Discharge Regulations.
Implementation of measures arising from River Basin Management Plans will also
impact significantly on both existing plants and future plants, including private
treatment plants. The requirement to have all water bodies meeting good status by
2015 will be extremely challenging.
Future development will be contingent on provision of adequate wastewater treatment

facilities which produce high quality effluent.
Extensions to existing plants and new plants, if permitted, must be commensurate in

scale with proposed size and densities of development that can reasonable be
permitted in such centres. Development envelopes must in turn be such as to allow
the economical provision of collection systems if new centres are to be serviced.
In the case of individual and communal private treatment systems cognisance of

impact of discharges on groundwater and surface water must be taken, in particular
the magnified impact of concentrations of such units in a locality discharging to
aquifers.
In order to ensure compliance with the Dangerous Substances Directive, significant

additional monitoring of discharges from the non-domestic sector will have to be
undertaken along with the licensing of discharges.
11.4.1 Capital Investment Programme
In addition to the Water Services Investment Programme funded works, a significant

programme is being funded through the councils own resources, augmented by the
Serviced Land Initiative funding and private sector participation. Key constraints on
developments are the large element of local authority funding required. This is often in
excess of 60% in respect of treatment facilities, and environmental constraints which
physically limit the size of facility that can be provided and operated at reasonable cost.
The latter factor will have a greater impact as the implementation of River Basin plans
progress over the course of the Plan. An additional consideration will be that EPA
discharge licensing requirements will become clearer during the life of the Plan. This

may constrain expansion as considerable resources will have to be diverted to

upgrading of existing plants and networks.
Table 11.4: Wastewater Capital Investment Programme
Project Description Status

Ardee Sewerage Rehabilitation of existing network Preliminary
Scheme Preliminary design of extensions to stage/EIS
network
Expansion of treatment facilities and
enhancement of treatment levels
Tallanstown, Expansion of existing wastewater Construction stage
Collon, treatment facilities
Knockbridge, Enhancement of treatment levels
Louth Village
Sewerage
Schemes
Drogheda Upgrading of wastewater treatment Completion and
Sewerage plant capacity from 67,000 PE to contract
Scheme Stage 3 101,000 PE
Possible increase in capacity to
125,000 PE through process
enhancement
Network study
Blackrock Rehabilitation of existing network Preliminary design
Sewerage and Preliminary design of extensions to construction
South and East network in Blackrock
Drainage Provision of pump station and
associated network in area to west of
Dublin Road.
Examination of treatment options
Castlebellingham Provision of separate surface water Design
sewerage drainage
Upgrading of treatment facilities
Clogherhead Upgrading of storm overflow facilities Feasibility study
Sewerage Upgrading of treatment facilities
Omeath Provision of treatment Feasibility study
Sewerage
North Drogheda Provision of trunk sewer Contract
Environs documentation
11.4.2 Wastewater Schemes: Current Status
The council directly operates fourteen public sewerage schemes. The Dundalk and
Drogheda schemes are operated under an operation and maintenance contract by a
contractor. Secondary treatment is provided at all schemes save Omeath and
Greenore where sewage is discharged untreated. Table 11.5 outlines loads on
schemes as estimated in early 2008, the total load committed including existing

planning permissions, the current capacity of plants where applicable, and proposed
capacity where plant is likely to be extended within life of the Plan. A comment is
appended as to feasibility of further expansion and constraints that have been
identified.
Table 11.5: Wastewater Schemes - Current Status
Current Total Load Current Proposed Comments

Pop. Committed Capacity Capacity
served (PE) (PE) (PE)
(PE)*
Annagassan 328 412 500 500 Potential exists to expand
capacity subject to
additional land being
acquired. Designation of
Dundalk Bay may impact as
discharges are to
Dee/Glyde transition waters.
Ardee 5800 8000 12,500 Proposals for phased
upgrading of plant with
DEHLG.
Carlingford 1724 1990 1500 1500 Design capacity allocated
Castlebellingham 1603 1603 1700 Up to Constrained by potential
/Kilsaran 3000 water abstraction which may
be located downstream and
limited dilution
Clogherhead 1805 1838 2000 2200 Significant seasonal
loading. Process
improvements may increase
capacity to 2200.
Collon 1113 1360 500 1200 Plant expansion under
construction Completion
due in 2009. Commercial
load may be overestimated.
Drogheda 65,000 101,000 125,000 Available capacity is
allocated between LCC,
Meath County Council and
Drogheda Borough Council.
Dromiskin 1253 1471 1200 3000 Plant will require upgrade
during life of the Plan.
Dundalk 90,000 179,000 179,000 Significant capacity
allocated to ongoing
developments.
Dunleer 2000 2400 4200 4200 Capacity may be
constrained due to
availability of dilution in
White River.
Knockbridge 654 959 500 1000 Plant expansion under
construction. Completion
due in 2009

Louth Village 749 821 700 1000 Plant expansion under

due in 2009.
Omeath 1063 1231 0 No treatment at present.
Greenore 200 No treatment at present
Tallanstown 862 974 400 1000 Plant expansion under
due in 2009
Baltray/ 1734 2241 - - Sewage pumped to
Termonfeckin Drogheda
Tinure 504 504 500 - Plant will require upgrade
during life of the Plan
Tullyallen 1251 1259 1500 - Upgraded in 2005
*PE Population equivalent
11.4.3 Private Wastewater Treatment Systems
A significant number of houses are catered for by individual on site treatment plants.
The requirements relating to the siting and operation of these individual waste water
treatment systems are dealt with in chapter 10, Environment. A limited number of non
domestic developments are also serviced by private treatment plants.
Figure 11.2 details types of sewerage facilities in the county. The majority of the
facilities, some 70% are public schemes.
Figure 11.2: Types of Sewerage Facilities
Policy
WS 18 To ensure that all Category I and II Settlements have adequate

wastewater facilities with adequate capacity to cater for existing
loadings and projected sustainable growth taking due cognisance of
environmental, financial and value for money considerations.
WS 19 To adopt an incremental approach to provision of additional treatment
capacity. This shall relate both to the scale of existing developments,

and appropriate growth at these locations. Availability of services shall

not be a precursor to large scale growth in inappropriate locations.
WS 20 To ensure that the siting and operation of all treatment plants and
systems shall not significantly impact on the quality of receiving ground
water, coastal estuarine water and surface waters.
WS 21 To extend the licensing of all discharges to sewers. This will apply to all
discharges in excess of 5 m per day or where the discharge warrants
same due to specific characteristics.
WS 22 To minimise the impact of storm overflows on receiving water quality
through implementation of programmed upgrade of units and networks.
WS 23 To prohibit the use of pump stations for conveyance of sewage unless
the proposed pump station will cater for a significant catchment of
zoned development lands that otherwise cannot be drained. Where
deemed appropriate by the council, temporary pumping arrangements
may be considered as an interim measure, pending the provision of
more permanent arrangements within a reasonable timeframe. In such
instances the full cost of providing operating and decommissioning
interim arrangements shall be paid in advance by developer along with
normal development levies.
WS 24 To ensure that all developments will have regard for policies expressed
in the Greater Dublin Strategic Drainage Study with particular reference
to:
a) Infiltration and exfiltration
b) Climate Change
c) Basements
d) New developments
e) Environment
f) Surface water
11.5 Water Conservation

The National Water Conservation Programme states that local authorities should
actively assess the needs for water conservation on a countywide basis. To obtain the
optimum value from investment in water conservation, Louth Local Authorities Water
Conservation and Network Management Project is implementing a three phase
programme. Nationally, some 50% of treated water is unaccounted for. It is a target to
reduce this to between 20% and 30%. Phase 1 of the project established ninety
district metered areas (DMA).The establishment of these district areas included the
installation of bulk flow meters and loggers to record flow and pressure into the water
schemes throughout the county. By understanding the input flow, population, number
of houses and the non domestic metered usage in an area, the volume of unaccounted
water can be calculated. Unaccounted water usage arises from leakage and
irresponsible usage and wastage.
Phase 2 of the project, which is currently underway, addresses active leakage

detection and leak repair in each of the DMA. To date this has resulted in the saving of
some six million litres of water daily, equivalent to almost 13% of water production
between 2006 and end of 2008. Phase 3 comprises the targeted rehabilitation of
mains and refurbishment of networks which are in poor condition. These works will be
ongoing over the period of the Plan. In addition this project will initiate an education

programme on the value and need for water conservation and sustainable water
supply development including water harvesting.
Future developments should have regard

to the need to conserve water and as a
means of addressing this may include
the following measures:
Sensor taps
Pressure and flow regulations on
fittings
Appropriately sized meters
Prohibition on direct feeds to heating
and appliances
Low flush toilets
Rainwater harvesting and reuse
Installation of meters to non
domestic premises
Installation of meters to housing developments
Replacement of old boundary boxes/stop cocks
Programme for replacement combined connections
Policy
WS 25 To implement the Water Conservation Programme in order to conserve

valuable resources by reducing wastage, in both distribution systems and
on individual consumer connections.
WS 26 To promote public awareness and involvement in water conservation
measures by households, businesses and industries.
11.6 Surface Water Drainage and Flooding

11.6.1 Surface Water Drainage
As new developments are constructed less rainfall is absorbed into the ground and an
increased volume of water (up to 10-15 times pre-development volumes) runs to drains
at increased rates of flow. This has the potential to cause localised flooding in streams
and piped drains, as well as bringing surface contaminants such as dog waste and
spillages directly into watercourses, causing pollution. Thus new developments can
lead to flooding problems for existing upstream and downstream developments as well
as impacting on overall water quality, particularly in respect of dangerous substance
contamination, habitat deterioration and deterioration of river and stream channels.
Furthermore, a number of Louths existing collection networks are partially combined
and are operating near or at capacity.
Policy
WS 27 To ensure that the incorporation of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems

measures in all settlements is mandatory. An integrated approach to

drainage will be adopted and all development proposals shall be

accompanied by a comprehensive SUDS assessment which will address
runoff quantity, runoff quality and impacts on habitat and water quality. Best
practice guidance is available from the Greater Dublin Strategic Drainage
Study Surface water issues and submissions will be required to meet with
design criteria (adjusted to reflect local conditions) and material designs
therein.
WS 28 To prevent discharges of untreated sewage from overflows.
WS 29 To ensure that all discharges shall be attenuated to green field levels
whereby both flow rate and volume of discharge of runoff from
developments to receiving waters shall mimic in so far as possible pre-
development levels.
WS 30 To ensure that when developers are master planning areas within and
adjacent to settlements that sustainable drainage will be adequately
addressed. Master plans will identify appropriate aerial features for example
ponds and basins based within the overall plan area that can provide both
amenity and surface water management facilities for the full area rather than
a large collection of small development based units.
WS 31 To ensure that all new developments shall incorporate appropriate
measures to protect existing water bodies through appropriate treatment of
runoff. In particular discharges from car parks shall be appropriately treated
so as to remove pollutant materials.
WS 32 To ensure that all new developments shall be provided with separated
drainage systems.
11.6.2 Flooding
Climate change coupled with changes in river catchments will significantly impact upon
flooding during the course of the Plan and beyond. Both urbanisation and changes in
agricultural activities can significantly modify flows in streams, rivers, drains and piped
conduits. Climate change will impact significantly on peak river flows and tide levels.
Significant tracts of coastal lands in Louth are considered to be at risk from flooding as
are areas adjacent to rivers and streams. Some areas located upstream of constrained
open channels where streams have been culverted or outfalls tide locked, may be at
risk of flooding and further development of these areas also may pose a significant risk
to downstream lands. Constriction of flows arising from new developments, may pose
risks to upstream developments.
11.6.3 Sequential Approach to Flood Risk
In light of the very substantial areas of lands not at risk of flooding within the county the
council will adopt the view that development on lands which might be at risk of flooding
or cause flood risk to other lands is unnecessary and not only puts life and property at
risk, but also imposes an ongoing cost associated with maintenance of flood defence
works that might otherwise not be required. As such, the sequential approach will be
applied in assessing applications to be considered for development in respect of flood
risk. Thus developments will not be considered on lands at risk of flooding or with
potential to cause flooding if other lands are available in the general area that could

accommodate the development and that are considered to be at a lower risk of

flooding or causing flooding.
Exceptions will be made in regards appropriate developments, which are not sensitive
to the effects of flooding. Examples might include sports pitches, parks, extensions
and warehousing designed to be flood resistant. Such developments may be
appropriate provided that they do not reduce the floodplain area nor have potential to
otherwise restrict flow or lead to pollution of water, and that the development is
appropriately protected.
Detailed mapping of all flood risk areas will become available during the course of the
Plan. In the interim, the council will take cognisance of historic flood data, Office of
Public Works data, Department of Communication, Marine, and Natural Resources
data and local knowledge, in determining areas that may be at risk and will apply the
precautionary approach in doing so.
Of particular importance in managing both surface water and flooding is the retention
of natural morphological features that attenuate flows. As such the council will strongly
resist the infilling of areas such as wetlands and natural hollows that would have a
detrimental effect on flooding.
Policy
WS 33 To assess planning applications for development in accordance with the

provisions of The Planning System and Flood Risk Management Guidelines.
Applications will be assessed in the context of Louth County Councils and
the Office of Public Works (OPW) strategic flood risk assessment. The
sequential approach detailed in the guidelines will be applied to all
development and, if deemed necessary, the justification test required by the
guidelines will also be applied with respect to any proposed development.
WS 34 To minimise the impact of developments on watercourses by requiring flood
impact assessments to be undertaken where appropriate and to ensure that
these assessments be carried out by competent persons and development
proposals in flood risk areas shall be accompanied by a certificate from a
competent person confirming that development will not impact on flooding.
WS 35 To work in conjunction with the OPW to produce indicative flood risk
mapping for the county which shall be made available for the purposes of
land use planning.
WS 36 To establish where feasible riparian corridors* free from development along
all significant water courses and to retain an adequate corridor along all
open water courses consistent with habitat protection, maintenance access
requirements and flood alleviation requirements.
WS 37 To retain and protect existing morphological features including wetlands,
bogs, natural hollows, drains and streams which contribute to the
attenuation of surface water runoff.
WS 38 To ensure that permeable materials be utilised for paved surfaces where
appropriate in all new developments.
WS 39 To maintain a presumption against culverting of rivers, streams and drains.
Where culverting is permitted the minimum size of culvert shall be 900mm,
with adequate access and suitable headwalls and screening.

WS 40 To require sediment and pollution control plans to be implemented in

conjunction with any development works.
* Riparian Corridors
A riparian corridor is the land directly adjacent to or surrounding a natural or artificial
waterway, including:
Major and secondary rivers
Intermittent, or permanent creeks and streams
Gullies and drainage lines where surface water collects
Wetlands
Lakes
Riparian land extends from the edge of the waterway onto adjacent terrestrial land.
The width of a riparian zone may range from very narrow through to a wide, densely
vegetated corridor. The width is dependent on location within the catchment (valley or
floodplain) and the adjacent land use (agriculture, forestry, park or urban
development). Riparian corridors provide a crucial link between terrestrial and stream
ecosystems and form a unique and distinct unit within the surrounding landscape. A
healthy riparian corridor usually has a diverse range of plant species.

Chapter 12
Implementation and Monitoring
12.1 Introduction
The Plan sets out the councils vision and strategy for the sustainable development of
the county over the period 2009 to 2015. It contains a wide range of objectives and
policies covering the broad range of functions of the council. It is essentially a contract
between the council and the people of County Louth and there is a statutory obligation
on the council to implement its provisions. This will present many challenges in the
years ahead, particularly since the economic climate has changed significantly for the
worse since the period of the previous plan which is now replaced. Therefore, there is
no guarantee that the range of specific objectives and projects included in the Plan will
be carried out in full or in part as this will depend on the availability of funding.
However, the policies in relation to the manner in which the council seeks to protect
the heritage, environment and well being of the people of Louth is not, by and large,
funding dependent. Therefore, in this regard, the council will implement all relevant
policies and objectives as contained in the Plan.
The implementation of the policies, targets and projects contained in the Plan does not
fall to the council alone. The people of the county, as individuals and through
community groups, developers, government agencies and others with the good of
County Louth at heart, will be required to play a significant role if the Plan is to be fully
delivered.
The Plan will also be regularly reviewed to assess progress and to determine whether
amendments are required. Therefore, the council may carry out variations of the Plan
from time to time, where it is considered that such amendments are warranted.
12.2 Local Area Plans

A programme of local area plan (LAP) reviews will commence following the making of
the Plan. Local area plans must be consistent with the policies and objectives of the
Plan, and will set the context for the zoning of land at a local level for the use solely or
primarily of particular areas for particular purposes, whether residential, commercial,
industrial, agricultural, recreational, open space or otherwise or a mixture of these
uses. In addition to the local area plans, it may be necessary to pursue the
implementation of the strategic objectives of the Plan through the preparation of further
studies addressing individual themes about which references are contained in the
Plan. This would include, for example, the proposal to prepare a joint strategy for the
Boyne Valley in partnership with Meath County Council and Drogheda Borough
Council.
12.3 Public Funding

Funding for the various projects, programmes and objectives of the Plan will be
dependent on capital funding from the government under the National Development

Chapter 12 Implementation and Monitoring
Plan 2007 2013 and from other sources such as the National Roads Authority. The
councils own funds will also be allocated under the annual budget adopted by the
members in November of each year. As previously referred to, the availability of
funding, even for important maintenance and capital projects may be under threat due
to the deterioration in the governments finances. Therefore, the implementation of the
Plan in respect of capital projects will be dependent on the availability of funding.
12.3.1 Section 48 Contributions Scheme
In accordance with the provisions of Sections 48 of the Planning and Development Act
2000, the council has prepared a Development Contributions Scheme. All
development proposals are required by conditions attaching to planning permissions to
make a financial contribution towards the costs incurred by the council, or likely to be
incurred, in the provision of public infrastructure.
During the building boom of the past decade, especially since the introduction of the
new scheme, significant funding has been acquired for worthwhile and important
capital projects provided for under the Scheme. The Scheme is due for review in
2009. However, having regard to the decline of the building industry, the amount of
funding from this source is likely to be reduced significantly over the period of the Plan,
unless there is a marked upturn in the economy and the building sector, in particular.
The making of or the review of the Development Contributions Scheme, is a reserved
function.
Special contributions may also be imposed under Section 48 (2) Planning and
Development Act 2000, where specific public works not covered under the general
scheme and which facilitate development, have been carried out or will be carried out.
12.3.2 Section 49 Contribution Scheme
Under this provision, councils can require financial contributions for major
infrastructural works such as roads, railway lines or major drainage projects. Like the
Section 48 scheme, this is also a reserved function. No section 49 schemes were
made during the course of the previous plan but the council will reserve the right to
make such a scheme if circumstances warrant it.
12.4 Private Funding

12.4.1 Private Sector
The bulk of the development and investment proposed in this Plan will come through
the private sector. This refers specifically to the industrial, residential and commercial
development that will take place in the county over the Plan period. The council will
also consider entering into arrangements with the private sector to secure the delivery
of essential infrastructure and investment where appropriate, and subject to any
infrastructure thus provided being available to all who might require access to it.
12.4.2 Public Private Partnerships
Public Private Partnerships (PPP) are agreements between public sector organisations
and private sector investors and businesses for the purposes of delivering specific

projects related to public services and infrastructure. Such an approach can involve a
number of different types of project, including:
Design and build

Design, build and operate
Design, build, operate and finance
Operating contracts
The PPP fund for local authorities provides start-up funding for projects outside the
main investment programmes for example roads and water, covered under the
National Development Plan. Such projects would include feasibility studies, the
preparation of business plans and preliminary design work.
12.5 Bonds
Developers will be required to give security to the council in the form of a cash deposit,
bank bond or insurance company bond, to ensure satisfactory completion of estates
until such time as they are taken in charge by the local authority. The value of the
bond and the cash deposit will be reviewed during 2010 and thereafter on the first of
January of each year in accordance with the Wholesale Price Index for the
Construction Industry.
12.6 Phasing
The timely provision of supporting community facilities in tandem with the development
of areas is important in ensuring a high quality, sustainable development takes place.
All large scale development proposals shall be phased having regard to the delivery of
both of physical and social infrastructure and orderly expansion outwards from the
existing built up area.
12.7 Enforcement
The council has extensive powers under the Planning and Development Act 2000 to
take enforcement action where unauthorised development has occurred, is occurring
or where permitted development has not, or is not being carried out, in compliance
with the planning permission granted. The council will enforce the planning legislation
to ensure that the environmental, visual and economic development of the county is
not jeopardised by inappropriate and environmentally damaging development and to
ensure that the policies and objectives of the Plan are implemented and adhered to.
12.8 Monitoring and Review

The purpose of monitoring and review is to assess the effectiveness or otherwise of
policies and objectives in terms of achieving stated aims and objectives. Section 15(2)
of the Planning and Development Act 2000 (as amended) states that, the manager
shall, not later than two years after the making of a development plan, give a report to
the members of the authority on the progress achieved in securing the objectives.
Section 95(3) (a) of the Act expressly requires that the two year report includes a
review of progress on the housing strategy.

Following adoption of the Plan, key information requirements will be identified focusing
on those policies and objectives central to the aims and strategy of the Plan. These will
be utilised in the review process.
In addition to the managers progress report, the council will continue to monitor the
implementation and operation of the Plan on an ongoing basis. Where it is considered
that modifications or adjustments are required in the interest of the proper planning
and sustainable development, variations of the Plan may be introduced.

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Louth County Development Plan

Please note as per Part 4: Comments in respect to the Stage 2 Appropriate

CON 33 To promote and protect established public rights of way to

RD19 To increase the quality of beaches in the county and in so doing

RA 7 To protect the amenity value of the coast and improve public

RA 8 To protect areas at risk from coastal erosion and flooding, subject

TC 31 To investigate the possibility of developing linear cycle routes utilizing

1.2 Review of the Louth County Development Plan 2003 2009 3

1.3 Vision for County Louth 3

1.4 Strategic Objectives 4

1.5 Content and Format 5

1.6 Development Plan Context 7

1.7 Social Inclusion 11

1.8 County Profile 12

1.9 Population trends for the Future Development of County Louth 14

Chapter 2: Conservation and Heritage

2.2 Wider Benefits of Maintaining a Quality Natural and

2.4 Landscape Character Assessment 23

2.5.1 EU Policy on Biodiversity 25

2.6 The Natural Environment 26

2.6.1 Local Amenities 26

2.7 The Built Environment 37

Chapter 3: Rural Development and Natural Resources

3.2 National and Regional Policy 45

3.2.1 National Spatial Strategy 45

3.2.3 Rural Development Programme 20072013 45

3.3 Rural Development Strategy 48

3.3.1 Rural Enterprise 48

3.5 Rural Tourism and Coastal Areas 52

3.8 Extractive Industry and Building Materials Production 55

3.8.1 Development Management Criteria 56

3.9 Residential Development in Rural Areas 57

3.10 Development Zones 57

3.10.1 Development Zone 1 58

Chapter 4: Settlement Strategy

4.2 Population Distribution 64

4.3 Settlement Hierarchy 64

4.3.1 Level 1: Dundalk 65

4.4 County Based Local Area Needs 69

4.4.1 Development Management Assessment Criteria

4.5 Rural Housing 71

4.6 One Off Rural Housing Policy 73

4.6.1 Local Needs 73

4.7 Rural Housing Design and Siting Criteria 82

4.7.1 Site Sensitive Design 83

4.7.3 Build, Shape and Plant to Create Further Shelter 85

Chapter 5: Residential and Community Facilities

5.2 Louth Housing Strategy 93

5.3 Social Housing 95

5.3.1 Housing Programme 95

5.4 Residential Development 97

5.5 Master Plans 98

5.5.1 Checklist for the Preparation of Master Plans 99

5.6 Homezone Principles 99

5.7 Energy Performance of Dwellings 100

5.8 Housing Layout Guidelines 101

5.8.1 Housing Layout 102

5.9 Residential Standards 104

5.9.1 Density 104

5.10 Community Facilities 113

5.11 Schools and Education 114

5.12 Childcare Facilities 115

5.13 Nursing Homes 116