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This table summarizes 13 different research methodologies, providing brief descriptions of each method's characteristics and goals. The methods include both qualitative approaches like case studies, ethnography, and grounded theory research, as well as quantitative methods such as experimental, correlational, survey, and observation research. Action research, content analysis, and developmental research are also outlined. For each method, references are provided for further information on how to conduct that type of study.
This table summarizes 13 different research methodologies, providing brief descriptions of each method's characteristics and goals. The methods include both qualitative approaches like case studies, ethnography, and grounded theory research, as well as quantitative methods such as experimental, correlational, survey, and observation research. Action research, content analysis, and developmental research are also outlined. For each method, references are provided for further information on how to conduct that type of study.
This table summarizes 13 different research methodologies, providing brief descriptions of each method's characteristics and goals. The methods include both qualitative approaches like case studies, ethnography, and grounded theory research, as well as quantitative methods such as experimental, correlational, survey, and observation research. Action research, content analysis, and developmental research are also outlined. For each method, references are provided for further information on how to conduct that type of study.
Leedy Paul, D. & Ormrod, Jeanne Ellis. Practical research planning and design.
8th edition. Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall. 2005.
Table 5.3 (p.108) methodology and concomitant research goals
Method Characteristics of the method and the research goals the method attempts to achieve Action research A type of applied research that focuses on finding a solution to a local problem in a local setting. For example, a teacher investigates whether a new spelling program she has adopted leads to improvement in her students achievement scores (see G.E. Mills Action Research, 2003, for guidance on conducting action research) Case study A type of qualitative research in which in-depth data are gathered relative to s single individual, program, or event, for the purpose of learning more about un unknown or poorly understood situation. (see chapter 7) Content analysis A detailed and systematic examination of the contents of a particular body of material (e.g. television shows, advertisements, textbooks) for the purpose of identifying patterns, themes, or biases within that material. (see chapter 7) Correlational A statistical investigation of the relationship between 2 or more variables. research Correlational research looks at surface relationships but does not necessarily probe for causal reasons underlying them. For example, a researcher might investigate the relationships among high school seniors achievement test scores and their grade point averages a year later when they are first -year college students. (see chapter 9) Developmental An observational-descriptive type of research that either compares people in research different age groups ( a cross-sectional study) or follows a particular group over a lengthy period of time (a longitudinal study). Such studies are particularly appropriate for looking at developmental trends. (see chapter 9) Ethnography A type of qualitative inquiry that involves an indepth study of an intact cultural group in a natural setting. (see chapter 7) Experimental A study in which participants are randomly assigned to groups that undergo research various researcher-imposed treatments or interventions, followed by observations, or measurements to assess the effects of the treatments. (see chapter 10) Ex post factor An approach in which one looks at conditions that have already occurred research and then collects data to investigate a possible relationship between these conditions and subsequent characteristics or behaviors. (see chapter 10) Grounded theory A type of qualitative research aimed at deriving theory through the use of research multiple stages of data collection and interpretation. (see chapter 7) Historical An attempt to solve certain problems arising out of a historical context research through gathering and examining relevant data (see Chapter 8) Observation study A type of quantitative research in which a particular aspect of behavior is observed systematically and with as much objectivity as possible (see chapter 9) Phenominological A qualitative method that attempts to understand participants perspectives research and views of social realities (see chapter 7) Quasi- A method similar to experimental research but without random assignment experimental to groups (see chapter 10) research Survey research A common method used in business, sociology, and government. Surveys are used to describe the incidence, frequency, and distribution of certain characteristics in a population. (see chapter 9)