List of IARC Group 2A carcinogens - Wikipedia Page 1 of 4

List of IARC Group 2A carcinogens

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The agents in this list have been classified in Group 2A (probable carcinogens)[1] by the IARC
(International Agency for Research on Cancer). The term "agent" encompasses both substances and
exposure circumstances that pose a risk. This designation is applied when there is limited evidence of
carcinogenicity in humans as well as sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals.
In some cases, an agent may be classified in this group when there is inadequate evidence of
carcinogenicity in humans along with sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals
and strong evidence that the carcinogenesis is mediated by a mechanism that also operates in
humans. Exceptionally, an agent may be classified in this group solely on the basis of limited
evidence of carcinogenicity in humans.

Contents
1 Agents
1.1 Substances
1.2 Mixtures
1.3 Exposure circumstances
2 References
3 External links

Agents
Substances

Acrylamide
Adriamycin
Androgenic (anabolic) steroids
Azacitidine
BCNU (Bischloroethyl nitrosourea)
Captafol
Chloral
Chloral hydrate
Chloramphenicol
-Chlorinated toluenes (benzal chloride, benzotrichloride, benzyl chloride) and benzoyl
chloride (combined exposures)
CCNU (1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea)
4-Chloro-o-toluidine
Chlorozotocin
Cisplatin
Cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene
Diazinon
Dibenz[a,j]acridine
Dibenz[a,h]anthracene

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Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene
Dichloromethane (methylene chloride)
Diethyl sulfate
Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride
Dimethylformamide
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine
Dimethyl sulfate
Epichlorohydrin
Ethylene dibromide
Ethyl carbamate (urethane)
N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea
Glycidol
Glyphosate
Human papillomavirus type 68
Hydrazine
Indium phosphide
2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ)
Lead compounds, inorganic
Malaria (caused by infection with Plasmodium falciparum in holoendemic areas)
Malathion
5-Methoxypsoralen
Methyl methanesulfonate
Mercaptobenzothiozole
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV)
MNNG (N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine)
N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea
Nitrate or nitrite (ingested) under conditions that result in endogenous nitrosation
Nitrogen mustard
1-Nitropyrene
N-Nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)
N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)
Nitrotoluene
6-Nitrochrysene
Phenacetin
Pioglitazone
Polybrominated biphenyls
Procarbazine hydrochloride
1,3-Propane sultone
Styrene-7,8-oxide
Teniposide
Tetrabromobisphenol A
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrafluoroethylene
1,2,3-Trichloropropane
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl fluoride

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Mixtures

Bitumens, occasional exposure to oxidized bitumens and their emissions during roofing
Creosotes (from coal tars)
High-temperature frying, emissions from
Household combustion of biomass fuel (primarily wood), indoor emissions from
Mate, hot (more than 65)
Non-arsenical insecticides (occupational exposures in spraying and application of)
Red meat[2]
Very hot beverages (more than 65)[3]

Exposure circumstances

Art glass, glass containers and pressed ware (manufacture of)

Carbon electrode manufacture
Cobalt metal with tungsten carbide
Hairdresser or barber (occupational exposure as a)
Petroleum refining (occupational exposures in)
Shift work that involves circadian disruption

References
1. "List of Classifications, Volumes
1-115" (http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/latest_classif.php). IARC Monographs on the
Evaluation of Risk to Humans. IARC. February 22, 2016. Retrieved March 5, 2016.
2. "IARC Monographs evaluate consumption of red meat and processed
meat" (http://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/pr/2015/pdfs/pr240_E.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved 26 October 2015.
3. Loomis, Dana; Guyton, Kathryn Z; Lauby-Sectretan, Batrice; El Ghissassi, Fatiha; Bouvard, Vronique;
Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia; Guha, Neela; Mattock, Heidi; Straif, Kurt (2016). "Carcinogenicity of
drinking coffee, mate, and very hot
beverages" (http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanonc/article/PIIS1470-2045(16)30239-X/fulltext). The
Lancet Oncology (Online First). Elsevier Ltd. (published June 15, 2016). 17: 8778. PMID 27318851
(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27318851). doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30239-X
(https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1470-2045%2816%2930239-X). (Registration required (help)).

External links
Description of the list of classifications (http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/), IARC
List of classifications (http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/latest_classif.php)
(latest version)
List of classifications by cancer site
(http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Classification/Table4.pdf) (last updated on 5 November
2015)

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