KEY Chem 331, Exam 1 Friday, September 21, 2007 (100 points total) R = 83145 JK mol" = 0.082058 L atm K! mot! 1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 760 Torr = 1.01325 bar (1 bar= 10° Pa); 1L=1 dm? ), GH i Problems (20 pts each) Show all work Her 1.) Two moles of an ideal monatomic gas initially at a pressure of 1.00 bar and 25°C is compressed adiabatically and irreversibly by application of a constant external pressure of 15.00 bar, until the final pressure of the gas reaches 10.00 bar. Assume the gas has molar heat capacity C, = 3R/2 and is independent of temperature. (a) Calculate the heat absorbed by the gas. (b) Calculate the final temperature of the gas. ) 470 (adabehe) me . Dae > Severs Fe (ence ded ges) relenye - Peat: (Veo ¥) nett os | Roe ~ TR . Peat ee n&y + ne nt + nk ie (a. 3e2) + (aris) = Qa (e 3ey2) + C2205) 1634 K2.) One mole of an ideal gas expands reversibly and isothermally from 10 bar to 1.0 bar at 298.15 K. (a) What are the values (in joules) of w, q, AU, and AH ? (b) If the same gas is instead expanded isothermally against a constant pressure of 1.0 bar, how much work is done and what is AU in this case? @) We natin = + ntt on \ = AVG wis) Le To = -St10 AU =O (sotermeds dea) 50 grr FSHOT Ate0 Ve. (%) os i a —Payg AV ((@(29e1s) 3 = Taye SF O002494 ww Ngo 10-Vi # 0.02434 wm pool x1o® )(0.0g2474 -0,.007449) = -2230 T W =O (oh (sottermel), eo)3.) Inthe thermodynamics of elastic materials (e.g., rubber bands) the force f exerted by the material depends on both the temperature 7 and the stretching displacement L. Starting with the total differential off obtain an expression for Af when both 7 and L change in a general stretching process. Your result should be written in terms of the experimentally nemniegumis o-(!)(%) wa 2-(2)%) = (Bar « GBA Www4 4.) Two moles of superheated steam at 200°C is injected into 50 moles of liquid water at 25°C at a constant pressure of 1.0 bar under adiabatic cot Calculate the final temperature of ‘the water. The constant pressure heat capacities of HO(g) and H,O(\) are 33.6 and 75.3 JK" mot", respectively, and can be assumed to be independent of temperature. The enthalpy of vaporization at 100°C and 1 bar for H,0 is 40.66 kJ mot, 2 o 20 since adiabahe . 4 aN hate t / 0 p 7 cpet ® steam (e's) > steam (100°C) mele (wo'r) > weber(G ) ear” @ vatw Ces") iy weter (TY 2ee (120-200) — 2 (yd.66 x0”) + 2¢P( 108) + 508? (-25)=O 2. (33.0) (408) -2 (Wasexte”) + 2 (253) (Game) - 2 (95-9) (100) +50 (aS) T — $0 (4S-V(25) =O : +e ope lp So5.) Multiple Choice (4 points each). Circle the one best answer. (@ At sufficiently high temperatures, the van der Waals equation of state has the form P= T. ‘this implies that v-b (@ intermolecular attraction is most important at these temperatures. (b) the gas behaves like an ideal gas at these temperatures. ‘termolecular repulsion is the dominant interaction at these temperatures. ‘the pressure is then independent of the type of gas. (ii) A cup of water at 20°C (the system) is placed in a microwave oven and the oven is turned on for 1 minute during which it begins to boil. What are the signs (+, -, or 0) of g, w, and AU? wart a mo. oo : at heat added), vapor expands ageinct sucrmndings | UL mereeses ) +0, + since’ 9>D (ii) Ina reversible expansion of a gas FO 15 set (@) the change in the intemal energy is zero if the gas is ideal (b) the heat absorbed by the system is balanced by the work performed ¢ maximum amount of work is done by the system bp def. () none of the above (iv) In an adiabatic expansion of a gas, the temperature drops because (a) the intermolecular forces are minimized C(b)whe work done on the surroundings is obtained at the expense of the internal energy (6) the heat produced from the work escapes to the surroundings (@ the increasing disorder is balanced by a decrease in the enthalpy (¥) C, isa function of temperature for ethane but not for argon since (a) intermolecular interactions are much larger for ethane compared to argon ‘gy can be stored as vibrations and rotations in ethane (©) ethane is reactive whereas argon is not (@) all of the above