INDEX FOR DESIGN DOCUMENT ON SUPERSTRUCTURE

Sl.No Content Page No.

Design of Plate Girder

1 Preamble 1-2

2 Basic Design Data 4

3 Calculation of section properties 4-6

4 Load calculations 7

5 STAAD analysis and results 9-25

9 STAAD for cross frames 26-30

6 Design of plate girder 32-35

7 Design of shear connecters 35

8 Design of splices 36

9 Design of cross girders 37-38

10 Check for deflection 38

11 Stress calculations due to temperature 40-41

12 Stress calculations due to shrinkage 41

Annexures

13 SIDL Calculations 45

14 Design of Deck slab 46-105

Bearings & seismic restrainers

14 Load estimation for bearings 107-111

15 Design of Seismic restrainers 113-114

 Preamble

The following pages cover the brief description of proposed steel composite superstructure of ROB at
chainage 43.638. The bridge is on skew alignment with a skew angle of 13 deg. The total width of the bridge is 12.0m
with clear carriageway of 7.5m. Crash barrier (0.5m wide), railing (0.25m wide) and footpath (1.5m wide ) is provided
on both sides of the carriageway

Superstructre
The bridge consists of single span of 25m length along skew. The superstructure consists of 5 nos of steel plate girders
at 2.4m c/c spacing. The deck slab is 240mm thick. The overall girder depth is 1.3m. End diaphragm & one
intermediate diaphragm is providedat mid span. The girders are supported on POT-PTFE type of bearings. Seismic
restrainers have been provided along longitudinal & transverse directions. Vertical clearance of 8.98m has been
maintained over the railway tracks

Grade of materials
M35
Deck reinforcement Fe 500 HYSD bars confirming to IS 1786
Structural steel Fe 410 WB confirming to IS 2062
Bolts HSFG bolts grade 8.8 confirming to IS 4000

Loadings
The bridge has been designed for the following loadings
1) Selfweight of plate girder with 10% increment to account for splices & stiffeners
2) Weighjt of RCC deck slab
3) Weight of wearing course, crash barriers and railings
4) Weight of Footpath live load
5) Vehicular live load :
a) 1L 70 R Loading
b) 2L Class A loading
6) Wind loading for cross frames
7) Seismic loading for cross frames

Idealisation of the structure for longitudinal analysis

For longitudinal analysis of the superstructure grillage model was created in STAAD for the following cases
1) Green concrete stage - Longitudinal members were assigned with steel girder properties only. The cross
frames are also modelled connecting the long girders. The load due to deck slab and shuttering were
applied and analysed. The desity of concrete in this case was considered as 2.6t/m3 and shuttering
load was considered as 200kg/m3

2) SIDL stage - The longitudinal members in this case are assigned the composite properties with modular
ratio, m = 15. The load due to SIDL was applied to the model and analysed.

3) Live Load stage - The longitudinal members in this case are assigned the composite properties with
modular ratio, m = 7.5 (considering creep factor of 0.5). The live load as mentioned above was applied to
the model and analysed.

4) Thermal effects - The steel composite sections are also checked for the temperature differential across
the girder depth. 50% live load is considered in this case

5) Shrinkage - The additional stresses created due to shrinkage of concrete are considered for checking
the steel sections
Idealisation of the structure for transvers analysis
The deck slab is checked for unit width. The deck slab is idealised as a 4 span continuous slab with cantilever
overhangs. The support locations are provided at the center line of the girders.
Owing to the uniformity in deck configuration, deck thickness and loading with ROB at 3+213, the calculations
are not reproduced in the design note. For details kindly refer the following
Design note name - Design note of superstructure ROB at chainage 6+004 Design Chainage 3+213
Design note no.- Report No.43
Page nos. - 73 to 117

Codes and Specifications

The following codes and specifications are followed in design of superstructure

IRC - 5 General features of design

IRC-6 Loads and Stresses
IRC-22 Composite construction
IRC-24 Steel road bridges, 2nd revision 2001
IRC-21 Reinforced cement concrete
IRC-83 (Part-
III) Bearing (POT, POT-cum-PTFE, Pin & metallic guided bearings)
 Design of Plate Girder Bridge for the ROB at chainage 43.638
Span : 34.047 m

1. BASIC DESIGN DATA:

1.01 Span of Bridge (c/c of bearings) : 34.047 m (As per Clause 507.1 of IRC-24:2001)
Span of Bridge (c/c of exp jt) 36.000 m
1.02 Statical Scheme
Longitudinal Girders : Steel Plate Girders fabricated out of high strength
steel plates, in segments

Top chord bracing : Provided by stiffened deck plate

1.03 Carriageway width : 7.5 m

1.04 Kerb/Crash Barrier Width : 0.5 m on each side

1.05 Total Width of Deck : 14.6 m

1.06 Spacing of Longitudinal Girders : 2400.0 mm

1.07 Deck Thickness : 230 mm (for design)

230 mm (at the tip of the catilever)

1.08 Cross fall : 2.5 % on carriageway

1.09 Wearing Course : 65 mm thk bituminous Concrete

(Increased thickness of wearing course considered for design purpose only)

1.10 Live load (as per IRC:6-2000) : (1Class 70R Wheeled+1 L of Cl-A) on one carriage way
OR 1 Lane of 70 R on one carriage way OR 2 Lanes of 70R on both carriage way)
(whichever produces severe effects)

1.11 Material Properties :

a) Density of Concrete : 25 kN/m3
b) Density of Steel : 78.5 kN/m3
c) Density of wearing course : 22 kN/m3
d) Grade of Concrete : M35
e) Grade of Steel (HS) : Fe-410 For High Tensile Steel sections As per IS :2062-1991
f) Yield Stress of Steel (HS) : 250 MPa Table-2 for Plate Sizes of 16 to 40mm
i) Modulus of Elasticity of Steel : 211000 MPa
j) Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete (IS:456) : 31500 MPa From Table 9 of IRC: 21- 2000
k) Modular Ratio (Es/Ec) (for transient loading) : 7.5 As per IRC:21-2001
l) Modular Ratio (for permanent loading) : 15.0 Creep Factor =0.5 as per Cl. 604.2.4 of IRC:22-1986
m) Coefficient of thermal expansion
Steel : 0.000012 /°C
Concrete : 0.000012 /°C (as per IRC:22)

2. CALCULATION OF SECTIONAL PROPERTIES (S1)

TYPE-1:
Steel only Case

Y 1
500 C/s area: 500*32+2568*16+500*50+ 4x 0= 82088 mm2 0.082088 m2
2
ý: (500*50*25+16*2568*(50+1284)+500*32*(2650-16)+2*0*((0+50)+(50+2568-0))/82088 =
(From the Base) 1188.73 mm
32

16 IXX = 500*32^3/12+500*32*(2650-16-1,188.73)^2
2650

2568

+16*2568^3/12 +16*2568*(50+1284-
X X 1,188.73)^2+500*50^3/12+500*50*(25-
1,188.73)^2+4*0+ 2*0*((2568+50- 9.07E+10 mm4 = 9.07E-02
ý 0)^2)+2*0*((1188.72907124062-50-0)^2)= m4
50

Z2 : 90731235417/(2650-1,188.73) = 6.21E+07 mm3 At Top Fibre

3
500
Z3 : 90731235417/1,188.73 = 7.63E+07 mm3 At Bottom Fibre
Y

Spacing of the longitudinal girders (As per Cl.507.3 of IRC:24-2001)

Minimum spacing required between girders = 1702.35 mm =34.047×1000/20
Spacing of the longitudinal girders provided = 2400 Hence OK

Check for Depth :

Bare Steel Section Min.Depth= L/30 = 1135 mm I. E <2568,Hence OK
Steel Conc. Composite Min.Depth= L/30 = 1135 mm I. E <2650,Hence OK As per Cl. 507.4 of IRC:24-2001
Depth (D) Max.Depth= 3*Spacg = 7200 mm I. E >2568,Hence OK
 TYPE-2:
Composite for transient loading (For Live Loads)
2400 m = 7.5
Y 1
C/s area: 82088+2400*230/7.5 = 155688 mm2

230
2
ý: (82088*1,188.73+(2400*230)/7.5*(2650+115))/155688 =
1933.90 mm

32
X 16 X IXX = 90731235417+(2400*230^3/12+2400*230 *(2650+115-
2568
2650

1933.90)^2)/7.5 = 1.87E+11 mm4 1.875E-01

m4
ý Z1 : 187475012490/(2650+230-1933.90)*7.5 =
1.49E+09 mm3 At Top Fibre
50

Z2 : 187475012490/(2650-1933.90) =
500 3 2.62E+08 mm3
At Intersection Fibrebetween concrete and steel
Y Z3 : 187475012490/1933.90 = 9.69E+07 mm3
At Bottom Fibre
TYPE-3:
Composite for permanent loading (For SIDL)
2400 m = 15
Y 1
C/s area: 82088+2400*230/15 = 118888 mm2
230

2
ý: (82088*1,188.73+(2400*230)/15*(2650+115))/118888 =
1676.64 mm
32

X X

16 IXX = 90731235417+(2400*230^3/12+2400*230 *(2650+115-

2568
2650

1676.64)^2)/15 = 1.54E+11 mm4 1.54E-01

ý m4
Z1 : 154025702825/(2650+230-1,676.64)*15 =
1.92E+09 mm3 At Top Fibre
50

3 Z2 : 154025702825/(2650-1,676.64) =
500 1.58E+08 mm3
Y At Intersection Fibrebetween concrete and steel
Z3 : 154025702825/1,676.64 = 9.19E+07 mm3 At Bottom Fibre

2.02 Section of intermediate segment:

Steel only Case
0.082088
500 C/s area: 500*32+2568*16+500*50 = 82088 mm2

ý: (500*50*25+16*2568*(50+1284)+500*32*(2650-16))/82088 =
1188.73 mm
32

16 IXX = 500*32^3/12+500*32*(2650-16-1,188.73)^2
2568
2650

+16*2568^3/12 +16*2568*(50+1284-
1,188.73)^2+500*50^3/12+500*50*(25-1,188.73)^2 = 9.07E-02
9.07E+10 mm4
50

Z2 : 90731235417/(2650-1,188.73) = 6.21E+07 mm3

500

Z3 : 90731235417/1,188.73 = 7.63E+07 mm3

Composite for transient loading

2400 m = 7.5

C/s area: 82088+2400*230/7.5 = 155688 mm2

230

ý: (82088*1,188.73+(2400*230)/7.5*(2650+115))/155688 =
1933.90 mm
32

16 IXX = 90731235417+(2400*230^3/12+2400*230 *(2650+115-

2568
2650

1933.90)^2)/7.5 = 1.87E+11 mm4

Z1 : 187475012490/(2650+230-1933.90)*7.5 =
1.49E+09 mm3
50

Z2 : 187475012490/(2650-1933.90) =
500 2.62E+08 mm3
Z3 : 187475012490/1933.90 = 9.69E+07 mm3
 Composite for permanent loading
2400 m = 15

C/s area: 82088+2400*230/15 = 118888 mm2

230
ý: (82088*1,188.73+(2400*230)/15*(2650+115))/118888 =
1676.64 mm

32
X

16 IXX = 90731235417+(2400*230^3/12+2400*230 *(2650+115-

2568
2650

1676.64)^2)/15 = 1.54E+11 mm4

Z1 : 154025702825/(2650+230-1,676.64)*15 =
1.92E+09 mm3
50

Z2 : 154025702825/(2650-1,676.64) =
500 1.58E+08 mm3
Z3 : 154025702825/1,676.64 = 9.19E+07 mm3
2.02 Summary of section properties:
Y
A A
Composite Composite
Steel only B
1 2 B
Area 82088 155688 118888
X X
ý (From
1188.7 1933.9 1676.6
Base)
IXX 9.07E+10 1.87E+11 1.54E+11
Z1 (A-A) - 1.49E+09 1.92E+09
Z2 (B-B) 6.21E+07 2.62E+08 1.58E+08
Z3 (C-C) 7.63E+07 9.69E+07 9.19E+07

C C
Y
 LOAD CALCULATIONS

3. Calculation of Actions Due To Dead Load

3.01 Selfweight of Girder:

Steel Only(Type-1): (82088/1e+06*78.5*1.20)/10 = 0.77 t/m

(20% extra taken for splices, gussets, stiffeners, bracings, diaphragms, shear connectors etc.)

3.02 Dead weight of Deck Slab:

5
230

2 4 3
0

1200 1200

Part Mkd Description Area (m2) Weight (kN/m)

1 Running Portion of Deck =(230/1000)×(1200+1200)/1000 0.552 13.800
FOR OUTER

2 Wedge at Cantilever 0.000 0.000

GIRDER

3 Steel Deck Plate (If any) 0.000 0.000

4 Addl. Conc. Thk bet. girders 0.000 0.000
5 Extra Conc. Thk for cross slope 0.000 0.000
Total 13.800 kN/m
1.380 t/m

Part Mkd Description Area (m2) Weight (kN/m)

1 Running Portion of Deck =(230/1000)×(1200×2/1000) 0.552 13.800
FOR INNER

2 Wedge at Cantilever 0.000 0.000

GIRDER

3 Steel Deck Plate (If any) 0.000 0.000

4 Addl. Conc. Thk bet. girders 0.000 0.000
5 Extra Conc. Thk for cross slope 0.000 0.000
Total 13.800 kN/m
1.380 t/m
3.03 Wt of shuttering for deck slab
Shuttering shall be laid for casting deck slab. The load due to shuttering is considered as follows

Intensity of load due to shuttering 200 kg/m2

Load due to shuttering on girder 2.4*0.2 t/m = 0.48 t/m

The following loads are applied to the STAAD model "Green Concrete Stage".

4. Calculation of Actions Due To Superimposed Dead Load

The following components are considered for calculating SIDL loads on the superstructure
1. Due to crash barrier
2. Due to RCC railing
3. Due to wearing course
4. Foot path Live Load

1. Load due to crash barrier

The load due to crash barrier is taken from the calculations shown in Design Report No.45 "Design of superstructure (ROB at chainage 52+750)"
page no - 6
Area of Crash barrier = 0.4375 m2
udl due to crash barrier = 1.1 t/m
For detailed calculations refer annexure

2. Load due to RC railing

The load due to railing is taken from the calculations shown in Design Report No.45 "Design of superstructure (ROB at chainage 52+750)"
page no - 7
udl due to crash barrier = 0.52 t/m
For detailed calculations refer annexure

3. Wearing Course 2.4*0.065*22 = 0.343 t/m

4. Footpath Live Load

p' = 400 kg/m2
FPLL intensity = 0.28 t/m2
udl due to FPLL = 0.42 t/m

The following loads are applied on the STAAD model for analysis
TABULATION OF STAAD RESULTS

For the purpose of ease in construction, same girder sections have been adopted for all 5 girders.
The girder sections are not varied between the splice locations.
Hence the sections are analysed at the mid span only for flexure
For shear check and design of stiffeners the shear forces are tabulated at the support loactions

Based on the above design considerations, the details of STAAD analysis and results are
tabulated below.

The STAAD analysis is done for the following cases

1 Green concrete stage
2 Composite stage for permanent loads
3 Composite stage for transient loads

The STAAD analysis and results are provided in subsequent pages

STAAD ANALYSIS FOR GREEN CONCRETE STAGE
1 Green Concrete stage - with girder only properties
Here the grillage model contains only girder sections. The wt of deck slab alongwith
shuttering loads are applied for analysis. The STAAD input file and results are as follows:

STAAD Input file for green concrete stage

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 24-Oct-12
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER MTON
JOINT COORDINATES
100 7.56224 0 1.2; 101 11.9122 0 1.2; 102 19.1622 0 1.2; 103 20.6122 0 1.2;
104 24.9622 0 1.2; 105 29.3122 0 1.2; 106 30.7622 0 1.2; 107 38.0122 0 1.2;
108 42.3622 0 1.2; 200 5.88174 0 3.6; 201 10.2317 0 3.6; 202 17.4817 0 3.6;
203 18.9317 0 3.6; 204 23.2817 0 3.6; 205 27.6317 0 3.6; 206 29.0817 0 3.6;
207 36.3317 0 3.6; 208 40.6817 0 3.6; 300 4.20124 0 6; 301 8.55124 0 6;
302 15.8012 0 6; 303 17.2512 0 6; 304 21.6012 0 6; 305 25.9512 0 6;
306 27.4012 0 6; 307 34.6512 0 6; 308 39.0012 0 6; 400 2.52075 0 8.4;
401 6.87075 0 8.4; 402 14.1207 0 8.4; 403 15.5708 0 8.4; 404 19.9207 0 8.4;
405 24.2708 0 8.4; 406 25.7208 0 8.4; 407 32.9707 0 8.4; 408 37.3207 0 8.4;
500 0.84025 0 10.8; 501 5.19025 0 10.8; 502 12.4403 0 10.8; 503 13.8903 0 10.8;
504 18.2402 0 10.8; 505 22.5903 0 10.8; 506 24.0403 0 10.8; 507 31.2903 0 10.8;
508 35.6403 0 10.8;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
100 100 101; 101 101 102; 102 102 103; 103 103 104; 104 104 105; 105 105 106;
106 106 107; 107 107 108; 200 200 201; 201 201 202; 202 202 203; 203 203 204;
204 204 205; 205 205 206; 206 206 207; 207 207 208; 300 300 301; 301 301 302;
302 302 303; 303 303 304; 304 304 305; 305 305 306; 306 306 307; 307 307 308;
400 400 401; 401 401 402; 402 402 403; 403 403 404; 404 404 405; 405 405 406;
406 406 407; 407 407 408; 500 500 501; 501 501 502; 502 502 503; 503 503 504;
504 504 505; 505 505 506; 506 506 507; 507 507 508; 508 100 200; 509 200 300;
510 300 400; 511 400 500; 516 108 208; 517 208 308; 518 308 408; 519 408 508;
520 102 202; 521 202 302; 522 302 402; 523 402 502; 524 106 206; 525 206 306;
526 306 406; 527 406 506;
START GROUP DEFINITION
MEMBER
_OUTERGIRDER 100 TO 107 500 TO 507
_INNERGIRDER 300 TO 307
_INTGIRDER 200 TO 207 400 TO 407
_ENDXFRAMES 508 TO 511 516 TO 519
END GROUP DEFINITION
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.11042e+007
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 7.85
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
100 TO 107 200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 500 TO 506 -
507 PRIS AX 0.08208 IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 0.0907
508 TO 511 516 TO 527 PRIS AX 0.00308 IX 1e-006 IY 1e-006 IZ 0.000773
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL ALL
SUPPORTS
300 PINNED
100 200 400 500 FIXED BUT FZ MX MY MZ
308 FIXED BUT FX MX MY MZ
108 208 408 508 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE DECK SLAB
MEMBER LOAD
100 TO 107 500 TO 507 UNI GY -1.4352
200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 UNI GY -1.4352
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SHUTTERING LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
100 TO 107 500 TO 507 UNI GY -0.48
200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 UNI GY -0.48
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE SELFWEIGHT
MEMBER LOAD
 100 TO 107 500 TO 507 UNI GY -0.77
200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 UNI GY -0.77
LOAD COMB 4 COMBINATION LOAD CASE 4
1 1.0 2 1.0 3 1.0
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
FINISH

STAAD results for green concrete stage

Beam L/C Node Fx Mton Fy Mton Fz Mton Mx MTon-mMy MTon-mMz MTon-m

4
COMBINATION
Max Fx 100 LOAD CASE 4 100 0 46.722 0 0.008 0 0.006

4
COMBINATION
Min Fx 100 LOAD CASE 4 100 0 46.722 0 0.008 0 0.006

4
COMBINATION
Max Fy 400 LOAD CASE 4 400 0 46.722 0 0.008 0 0.006

4
COMBINATION
Min Fy 407 LOAD CASE 4 408 0 -46.722 0 0.008 0 0.006
4
COMBINATION
Max Fz 100 LOAD CASE 4 100 0 46.722 0 0.008 0 0.006
4
COMBINATION
Min Fz 100 LOAD CASE 4 100 0 46.722 0 0.008 0 0.006

4
COMBINATION
Max Mx 404 LOAD CASE 4 404 0 0 0 0.008 0 -406.48

4
COMBINATION
Min Mx 516 LOAD CASE 4 108 0 -0.005 0 0 0 -0.01

4
COMBINATION
Max My 100 LOAD CASE 4 100 0 46.722 0 0.008 0 0.006
4
COMBINATION
Min My 100 LOAD CASE 4 100 0 46.722 0 0.008 0 0.006
4
COMBINATION
Max Mz 508 LOAD CASE 4 100 0 0.005 0 0 0 0.01

4
COMBINATION
Min Mz 403 LOAD CASE 4 404 0 0 0 0.008 0 -406.48

Result summary for green concrete stage

Outer Girders
Node Nos 104 & 504
Member nos 103 & 503
Max moments 4064.800 kN-m
Max shear 467.22 kN

Inner Girders
Node Nos 204, 304 & 404
Member nos 203, 303 & 403
Max moments 4064.800 kN-m
Max shear 467.22 kN
STAAD ANALYSIS FOR COMPOSITE WITH PERMANENT LOADS
1 Composite with SIDL stage - with composite properties for permanent loads
The grillage model is created with composite properties of Type-3.
The girder loads, deck slab loads and sidl are applied on grillage model for analysis

STAAD Input file for permanent loads

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 24-Oct-11
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER MTON
JOINT COORDINATES
1 8.40249 0 0; 2 12.7525 0 0; 3 17.1025 0 0; 4 21.4525 0 0; 5 25.8025 0 0;
6 30.1525 0 0; 7 34.5025 0 0; 8 38.8526 0 0; 9 43.2025 0 0; 100 7.56224 0 1.2;
101 11.9122 0 1.2; 102 16.2622 0 1.2; 103 20.6122 0 1.2; 104 24.9622 0 1.2;
105 29.3122 0 1.2; 106 33.6622 0 1.2; 107 38.0122 0 1.2; 108 42.3622 0 1.2;
200 5.88174 0 3.6; 201 10.2317 0 3.6; 202 14.5817 0 3.6; 203 18.9317 0 3.6;
204 23.2817 0 3.6; 205 27.6317 0 3.6; 206 31.9817 0 3.6; 207 36.3317 0 3.6;
208 40.6817 0 3.6; 300 4.20124 0 6; 301 8.55124 0 6; 302 12.9012 0 6;
303 17.2512 0 6; 304 21.6012 0 6; 305 25.9512 0 6; 306 30.3012 0 6;
307 34.6512 0 6; 308 39.0012 0 6; 400 2.52075 0 8.4; 401 6.87075 0 8.4;
402 11.2207 0 8.4; 403 15.5708 0 8.4; 404 19.9207 0 8.4; 405 24.2708 0 8.4;
406 28.6208 0 8.4; 407 32.9707 0 8.4; 408 37.3207 0 8.4; 500 0.84025 0 10.8;
501 5.19025 0 10.8; 502 9.54025 0 10.8; 503 13.8903 0 10.8; 504 18.2402 0 10.8;
505 22.5903 0 10.8; 506 26.9403 0 10.8; 507 31.2903 0 10.8; 508 35.6403 0 10.8;
600 0 0 12; 601 4.35 0 12; 602 8.7 0 12; 603 13.05 0 12; 604 17.4 0 12;
605 21.75 0 12; 606 26.1 0 12; 607 30.45 0 12; 608 34.8 0 12;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 11 1 100; 12 100 200;
13 200 300; 14 300 400; 15 400 500; 16 500 600; 21 2 101; 22 101 201;
23 201 301; 24 301 401; 25 401 501; 26 501 601; 31 3 102; 32 102 202;
33 202 302; 34 302 402; 35 402 502; 36 502 602; 41 4 103; 42 103 203;
43 203 303; 44 303 403; 45 403 503; 46 503 603; 51 5 104; 52 104 204;
53 204 304; 54 304 404; 55 404 504; 56 504 604; 61 6 105; 62 105 205;
63 205 305; 64 305 405; 65 405 505; 66 505 605; 71 7 106; 72 106 206;
73 206 306; 74 306 406; 75 406 506; 76 506 606; 81 8 107; 82 107 207;
83 207 307; 84 307 407; 85 407 507; 86 507 607; 91 9 108; 92 108 208;
93 208 308; 94 308 408; 95 408 508; 96 508 608; 100 100 101; 101 101 102;
102 102 103; 103 103 104; 104 104 105; 105 105 106; 106 106 107; 107 107 108;
200 200 201; 201 201 202; 202 202 203; 203 203 204; 204 204 205; 205 205 206;
206 206 207; 207 207 208; 300 300 301; 301 301 302; 302 302 303; 303 303 304;
304 304 305; 305 305 306; 306 306 307; 307 307 308; 400 400 401; 401 401 402;
402 402 403; 403 403 404; 404 404 405; 405 405 406; 406 406 407; 407 407 408;
500 500 501; 501 501 502; 502 502 503; 503 503 504; 504 504 505; 505 505 506;
506 506 507; 507 507 508; 600 600 601; 601 601 602; 602 602 603; 603 603 604;
604 604 605; 605 605 606; 606 606 607; 607 607 608;
START GROUP DEFINITION
MEMBER
_OUTERGIRDER 100 TO 107 500 TO 507
_INNERGIRDER 300 TO 307
_INTGIRDER 200 TO 207 400 TO 407
_ENDXFRAMES 12 TO 15 92 TO 95
_INTXFRAME 52 TO 55
_LONGDUMMY 1 TO 8 600 TO 607
_TRANSDUMMY 11 16 21 TO 26 31 TO 36 41 TO 46 51 56 61 TO 66 71 TO 76 -
81 TO 86 91 96
END GROUP DEFINITION
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.09042e+007
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 7.83341
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.21467e+006
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 2.40262
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
100 TO 107 200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 500 TO 506 -
507 PRIS AX 0.118888 IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 0.154
12 TO 15 52 TO 55 92 TO 95 PRIS AX 0.00308 IX 1e-006 IY 1e-006 IZ 0.000773
1 TO 8 600 TO 607 PRIS IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 1e-005
21 TO 26 41 TO 46 61 TO 66 81 TO 86 PRIS YD 0.23 ZD 6.525
11 16 51 56 91 96 PRIS AX 1e-008 IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 1e-005
31 TO 36 71 TO 76 PRIS YD 0.23 ZD 4.35
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL MEMB 1 TO 8 12 TO 15 52 TO 55 92 TO 95 100 TO 107 200 TO 207 -
300 TO 307 400 TO 407 500 TO 507 600 TO 607
MATERIAL CONCRETE MEMB 11 16 21 TO 26 31 TO 36 41 TO 46 51 56 61 TO 66 71 -
72 TO 76 81 TO 86 91 96
SUPPORTS
300 PINNED
100 200 400 500 FIXED BUT FZ MX MY MZ
308 FIXED BUT FX MX MY MZ
108 208 408 508 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE GIRDER WEIGHT
MEMBER LOAD
100 TO 107 200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 500 TO 507 UNI GY -0.77327
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE DECK SLAB
MEMBER LOAD
100 TO 107 200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 500 TO 507 UNI GY -1.38
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
*** CRASH BARRIER ****
100 TO 107 500 TO 507 UNI GY -1.1
100 TO 107 UMOM GX 0.88
500 TO 507 UMOM GX -0.88
** RAILING LOAD ****
1 TO 8 600 TO 607 UNI GY -0.52
**1 TO 8 UMOM GX 0.13
**600 TO 607 UMOM GX -0.13
** FPLL ****
100 TO 107 UNI GY -0.5
500 TO 507 UNI GY -0.5
100 TO 107 UMOM GX -0.1
500 TO 507 UMOM GX 0.1
** WEARING COURSE ****
100 TO 107 200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 500 TO 507 UNI GY -0.3432
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
FINISH
 STAAD results for girder weight
Beam L/C Node Fx Mton Fy Mton Fz Mton Mx MTon- My MTon- Mz MTon-m
1 GIRDER
Max Fx 1 WEIGHT 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
1 GIRDER
Min Fx 1 WEIGHT 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0

1 GIRDER
Max Fy 100 WEIGHT 100 0 13.455 0 0 0 0
1 GIRDER
Min Fy 507 WEIGHT 508 0 -13.455 0 0 0 0
1 GIRDER
Max Fz 1 WEIGHT 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
1 GIRDER
Min Fz 1 WEIGHT 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
1 GIRDER
Max Mx 5 WEIGHT 5 0 0 0 0.002 0 -0.008
1 GIRDER
Min Mx 82 WEIGHT 107 0 -0.001 0 -0.001 0 -0.002
1 GIRDER
Max My 1 WEIGHT 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0

1 GIRDER
Min My 1 WEIGHT 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0

1 GIRDER
Max Mz 22 WEIGHT 101 0 0.001 0 0.001 0 0.002

1 GIRDER
Min Mz 303 WEIGHT 304 0 0 0 0.002 0 -117.056

STAAD results for deck weight

Beam L/C Node Fx Mton Fy Mton Fz Mton Mx MTon- My MTon- Mz MTon-m
2 DECK
Max Fx 1 SLAB 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
2 DECK
Min Fx 1 SLAB 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
2 DECK
Max Fy 100 SLAB 100 0 24.013 0 0.001 0 0.001
2 DECK
Min Fy 507 SLAB 508 0 -24.013 0 0.001 0 0.001
2 DECK
Max Fz 1 SLAB 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
2 DECK
Min Fz 1 SLAB 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
2 DECK
Max Mx 5 SLAB 5 0 0 0 0.004 0 -0.013
2 DECK
Min Mx 82 SLAB 107 0 -0.001 0 -0.001 0 -0.003
2 DECK
Max My 1 SLAB 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
2 DECK
Min My 1 SLAB 1 0 0.001 0 0 0 0
2 DECK
Max Mz 22 SLAB 101 0 0.002 0 0.001 0 0.004
2 DECK
Min Mz 303 SLAB 304 0 0 0 0.004 0 -208.901

STAAD results for SIDL

Beam L/C Node Fx Mton Fy Mton Fz Mton Mx MTon- My MTon- Mz MTon-m
Max Fx 1 3 SIDL 1 0 0.662 0 -0.227 0 -0.219
Min Fx 1 3 SIDL 1 0 0.662 0 -0.227 0 -0.219
Max Fy 500 3 SIDL 500 0 33.562 0 1.683 0 1.132
Min Fy 107 3 SIDL 108 0 -33.562 0 1.683 0 1.132
Max Fz 1 3 SIDL 1 0 0.662 0 -0.227 0 -0.219
Min Fz 1 3 SIDL 1 0 0.662 0 -0.227 0 -0.219
Max Mx 63 3 SIDL 205 0 -0.541 0 7.62 0 5.182
Min Mx 85 3 SIDL 407 0 0.678 0 -1.816 0 3.421
Max My 1 3 SIDL 1 0 0.662 0 -0.227 0 -0.219
Min My 1 3 SIDL 1 0 0.662 0 -0.227 0 -0.219
Max Mz 52 3 SIDL 204 0 -3.756 0 0.001 0 7.816
Min Mz 503 3 SIDL 504 0 0.031 0 -1.695 0 -266.318
Result summary for composite with permanent loads

Outer Girders
Node Nos 104 & 504
Member nos 103 & 503
Dead Load
Max moments 1170.419 kN-m
Max shear 134.55 kN
Deck wt
Max moments 2088.900 kN-m
Max shear 240.13 kN
SIDL
Max moments 2663.180 kN-m
Max shear 335.62 kN

Inner Girders
Node Nos 204, 304 & 404
Member nos 203, 303 & 403
Dead Load
Max moments 1170.56 kN-m
Max shear 134.55 kN
Deck wt
Max moments 2089.01 kN-m
Max shear 240.13 kN
SIDL
Max moments 1426.03 kN-m
Max shear 155.16 kN
STAAD ANALYSIS FOR COMPOSITE WITH TRANSIENT LOADS
1 Composite with Live loads - with composite properties for transient loads
The grillage model is created with composite properties of Type-2.
The load due to 1 lane 70R or 2 lanes of class A are applied on the model for analysis

STAAD Input file for transient loads

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 24-Oct-11
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER MTON
JOINT COORDINATES
1 8.40249 0 0; 2 12.7525 0 0; 3 17.1025 0 0; 4 21.4525 0 0; 5 25.8025 0 0;
6 30.1525 0 0; 7 34.5025 0 0; 8 38.8526 0 0; 9 43.2025 0 0; 100 7.56224 0 1.2;
101 11.9122 0 1.2; 102 16.2622 0 1.2; 103 20.6122 0 1.2; 104 24.9622 0 1.2;
105 29.3122 0 1.2; 106 33.6622 0 1.2; 107 38.0122 0 1.2; 108 42.3622 0 1.2;
200 5.88174 0 3.6; 201 10.2317 0 3.6; 202 14.5817 0 3.6; 203 18.9317 0 3.6;
204 23.2817 0 3.6; 205 27.6317 0 3.6; 206 31.9817 0 3.6; 207 36.3317 0 3.6;
208 40.6817 0 3.6; 300 4.20124 0 6; 301 8.55124 0 6; 302 12.9012 0 6;
303 17.2512 0 6; 304 21.6012 0 6; 305 25.9512 0 6; 306 30.3012 0 6;
307 34.6512 0 6; 308 39.0012 0 6; 400 2.52075 0 8.4; 401 6.87075 0 8.4;
402 11.2207 0 8.4; 403 15.5708 0 8.4; 404 19.9207 0 8.4; 405 24.2708 0 8.4;
406 28.6208 0 8.4; 407 32.9707 0 8.4; 408 37.3207 0 8.4; 500 0.84025 0 10.8;
501 5.19025 0 10.8; 502 9.54025 0 10.8; 503 13.8903 0 10.8; 504 18.2402 0 10.8;
505 22.5903 0 10.8; 506 26.9403 0 10.8; 507 31.2903 0 10.8; 508 35.6403 0 10.8;
600 0 0 12; 601 4.35 0 12; 602 8.7 0 12; 603 13.05 0 12; 604 17.4 0 12;
605 21.75 0 12; 606 26.1 0 12; 607 30.45 0 12; 608 34.8 0 12; 609 6.90249 0 0;
615 -1.5 0 12; 616 44.7025 0 0; 622 36.3 0 12;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4; 4 4 5; 5 5 6; 6 6 7; 7 7 8; 8 8 9; 11 1 100; 12 100 200;
13 200 300; 14 300 400; 15 400 500; 16 500 600; 21 2 101; 22 101 201;
23 201 301; 24 301 401; 25 401 501; 26 501 601; 31 3 102; 32 102 202;
33 202 302; 34 302 402; 35 402 502; 36 502 602; 41 4 103; 42 103 203;
43 203 303; 44 303 403; 45 403 503; 46 503 603; 51 5 104; 52 104 204;
53 204 304; 54 304 404; 55 404 504; 56 504 604; 61 6 105; 62 105 205;
63 205 305; 64 305 405; 65 405 505; 66 505 605; 71 7 106; 72 106 206;
73 206 306; 74 306 406; 75 406 506; 76 506 606; 81 8 107; 82 107 207;
83 207 307; 84 307 407; 85 407 507; 86 507 607; 91 9 108; 92 108 208;
93 208 308; 94 308 408; 95 408 508; 96 508 608; 100 100 101; 101 101 102;
102 102 103; 103 103 104; 104 104 105; 105 105 106; 106 106 107; 107 107 108;
200 200 201; 201 201 202; 202 202 203; 203 203 204; 204 204 205; 205 205 206;
206 206 207; 207 207 208; 300 300 301; 301 301 302; 302 302 303; 303 303 304;
304 304 305; 305 305 306; 306 306 307; 307 307 308; 400 400 401; 401 401 402;
402 402 403; 403 403 404; 404 404 405; 405 405 406; 406 406 407; 407 407 408;
500 500 501; 501 501 502; 502 502 503; 503 503 504; 504 504 505; 505 505 506;
506 506 507; 507 507 508; 600 600 601; 601 601 602; 602 602 603; 603 603 604;
604 604 605; 605 605 606; 606 606 607; 607 607 608; 608 609 615; 609 616 622;
START GROUP DEFINITION
MEMBER
_OUTERGIRDER 100 TO 107 500 TO 507
_INNERGIRDER 300 TO 307
_INTGIRDER 200 TO 207 400 TO 407
_ENDXFRAMES 12 TO 15 92 TO 95
_INTXFRAME 52 TO 55
_LONGDUMMY 1 TO 8 600 TO 607
_TRANSDUMMY 11 16 21 TO 26 31 TO 36 41 TO 46 51 56 61 TO 66 71 TO 76 -
81 TO 86 91 96
END GROUP DEFINITION
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.09042e+007
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 7.83341
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.21467e+006
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 2.40262
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
100 TO 107 200 TO 207 300 TO 307 400 TO 407 500 TO 506 -
507 PRIS AX 0.155688 IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 0.1875
12 TO 15 52 TO 55 92 TO 95 PRIS AX 0.00308 IX 1e-006 IY 1e-006 IZ 0.000773
1 TO 8 600 TO 607 PRIS IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 1e-005
21 TO 26 41 TO 46 61 TO 66 81 TO 86 PRIS YD 0.23 ZD 6.525
11 16 51 56 91 96 608 609 PRIS IX 1e-005 IY 1e-005 IZ 1e-005
31 TO 36 71 TO 76 PRIS YD 0.23 ZD 4.35
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL MEMB 1 TO 8 12 TO 15 52 TO 55 92 TO 95 100 TO 107 200 TO 207 -
300 TO 307 400 TO 407 500 TO 507 600 TO 607
MATERIAL CONCRETE MEMB 11 16 21 TO 26 31 TO 36 41 TO 46 51 56 61 TO 66 71 -
72 TO 76 81 TO 86 91 96 608 609
SUPPORTS
300 PINNED
100 200 400 500 FIXED BUT FZ MX MY MZ
308 FIXED BUT FX MX MY MZ
108 208 408 508 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ
DEFINE MOVING LOAD
TYPE 1 LOAD 8.5 8.5 8.5 8.5 6 6 4
DIST 1.37 3.05 1.37 2.13 1.52 3.96 WID 1.93
TYPE 2 LOAD 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 5.7 5.7 1.35 1.35
DIST 3 3 3 4.3 1.2 3.2 1.1 WID 1.8
**** 1 LANE 70R ****
LOAD GENERATION 275
TYPE 1 -13.4 0 5.81 XINC 0.2
**** 2 LANE CLASS A ****
LOAD GENERATION 310
TYPE 2 -18.8 0 4.45 XINC 0.2
TYPE 2 -18.8 0 7.95 XINC 0.2
**********************************
** 2 LANE OF CL-A***
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 2.7 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 6.2 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 3.3 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 6.8 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 5.4 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 8.9 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 6.3 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 9.8 XINC 0.5
*** 1 LANE OF CL-70R***
LOAD GENERATION 125
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 4.06 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 125
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 4.5 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 125
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 5.465 XINC 0.5
*******************************
*3 CL A***
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 2.7 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 6.2 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 9.7 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 3.3 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 6.8 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 10.3 XINC 0.5
** 1 LANE OF 70RW+1LANE OF CL-A***
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 4.06 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 10.05 XINC 0.5
 LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 4.5 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 10.05 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 5.465 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 10.05 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 6.37 XINC 0.5
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 10.05 XINC 0.5
** 1 LANE OF CL-A+1LANE OF 70RW***
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 2.7 XINC 0.5
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 6.51 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 3.3 XINC 0.5
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 7.11 XINC 0.5
LOAD GENERATION 150
TYPE 2 -20.8 0 5.4 XINC 0.5
TYPE 1 -15.4 0 9.21 XINC 0.5
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
FINISH

STAAD results for Live Loads

Beam L/C Node Fx Mton Fy Mton Fz Mton Mx MTon- My MTon- Mz MTon-m
1 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#1, (1 of
Max Fx 1 275) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#1, (1 of
Min Fx 1 275) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2351 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#2351, (41
Max Fy 300 of 150) 300 0 43.25 0 -0.002 0 -0.001
2862 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#2862, (102
Min Fy 609 of 150) 622 0 -80.31 0 0 0 471.807
1 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#1, (1 of
Max Fz 1 275) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#1, (1 of
Min Fz 1 275) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1262 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#1262, (77
Max Mx 84 of 125) 307 0 -0.016 0 3.244 0 0.637
144 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#144, (144
Min Mx 43 of 275) 203 0 0.159 0 -7.325 0 -6.324
1 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#1, (1 of
Max My 1 275) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
 1 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#1, (1 of
Min My 1 275) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1889 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#1889, (29
Max Mz 608 of 150) 615 0 -75.448 0 0 0 767.907
2376 LOAD
GENERATI
ON, LOAD
#2376, (66
Min Mz 303 of 150) 304 0 -3.725 0 0.003 0 -321.466

Result summary for composite with transient loads

Outer Girders
Node Nos 104 & 504
Member nos 103 & 503
Live Load
Max moments 2884.180 kN-m
Max shear 315.96 kN

Inner Girders
Node Nos 204, 304 & 404
Member nos 203, 303 & 403
Live Load
Max moments 3226.260 kN-m
Max shear 432.5 kN
COMPARISON OF MOMENTS AND FROCES ON OUTER AND INNER GIRDERS

The moments and forces are compared for the following cases:

1 Green concrete stage

2 Service stage - with SIDL and live loads

1 Green Concrete Stage

Item Outer girder Inner girder

Max moment (kNm) 4064.8 4064.8
Shear (kN) 467.22 467.22

2 Service stage Impact factor for live load = 1.187

Moments (kNm) Shear (kN)

Outer girder Inner girder Outer girder Inner girder
Dead load 1170.42 1170.56 134.55 134.55
Deck wt 2088.90 2089.01 240.13 240.13
SIDL 2663.18 1426.03 335.62 155.16
Live load 3423.52 3829.57 375.04 513.38
Total 9346.02 8515.17 1085.34 1043.22

Since there is not a major difference between the loads coming on the inner & outer girders, the
design is done considering the outer girders & same section is provided for inner girders
RECAPITULATION OF ACTIONS DUE TO DIFFERENT LOADS FOR 24.118m SPAN

For Green concrete stage

SAGGING MOMENTS HOGGING MOMENTS Shear Forces
Load Midspan Support Support2 Support2'
case (KN-m) (KN-m) (KN) (KN)
SW+deck 4065 0 467 467

For Service stage

SAGGING MOMENTS HOGGING MOMENTS Shear Forces

Load Midspan Support Support2 Support2'
case (KN-m) (KN-m) (KN) (KN)
DL 2089 0 240 240 From STAAD
SIDL 2663 0 155 155 From STAAD
LL 3424 0 513 513 From STAAD With Impact
DSS 0 0 0 0
Total 8176 0 909 909

DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL GIRDERS

ASSUMPTIONS:
For All Connections( In general):
Minimum Pitch= 2.5* Nominal Dia of Bolt= 50 mm As per Cl.512.3.4 e of IRC:24-2001
Maximum Pitch = 12t or 200 mm = 200 mm As per Cl.512.3.4 e of IRC:24-2001
Min. Edge Distance= 1.75*Dia of the hole = 40 mm As per Cl.512.3.4 d of IRC:24-2001

In the determination of Bolt Value, for the area of the bolt a factor of 0.87 has been provided.

Bending Tension in Steel sper = 0.62*250 = = 155 MPa

For Mid Span

Permissible Bending stresses: Cl. 508.6

For Steel Section alone

fcb = k1 ( X + k2 Y ) (c2 / c1)

X= Y x 1 + 1/20 × ( (l/r)/(T/D) )2 0.5

Y= 26.5 × 105 / (l/r)2

c1, lesser distance form NA to extreme fibre = 1188.73 mm

c2, greater distance form NA to extreme fibre = 1461.27 mm

D, Overall depth of beam = 2650.00 mm

T, Mean thicknes of compression flange = 32
D/T =2650/32 = 82.8125

ry, radius of gyration of the section about weak axis = 102.06 mm

y, ratio iof areas of flanges at max BM and minimum BM = 1

k1, coefficient dependent on the flange areas, dependent on y = 1.00

w, ratio of moment of areas comp fl / sum of moment of area of both fl. = 0.39
k2, coefficient based on the inequality of flanges, depends on w = -0.22

Spacing of Temporary Transvere Cross Frames = 11600 mm

l, effective length of compression flange (Cl. 508.4.5 of IRC:24-2000) = 11600 mm
l/r = 113.66

Y =2650000/(113.7)^2 = 205 MPa

X =205×(1+1/20×(113.7/83)^2)^0.5 = 215 MPa
fcb =1.0×(215+-0.22×205)×(1461/1189) = 208 MPa

sbc = 91.3 Mpa

Bending Compression in Steel s per
= 0.62*250 = 155 MPa Doesn't govern
(Since the girders will be laterally restained from local buckling by stiffened deck, reduction in allowable stresses in bending
compression for buckling of compression flange is not considered.)
(refer cl. 508.4.5 of IRC:24-2001)
Shear stress in steel s per
= 0.43*250 = 107.5 MPa
(As per T-6.2 of IRC:21-2001)
Bending Compression in Concrete : s per
= 35/3 = 11.67 MPa
(as per IRC:21-2001)
Bending Tension in concrete : Neglected

Page 20+34
Design of 25m span
CALCULATION OF STRESSES AT DIFFERENT LEVELS DUE TO DIFFERENT LOADS
(for loads in different loacation marked, refer section 8.)
(for corresponding sectional properties refer section 2.04)
Calculated stresses (Mpa) Allowable stresses (MPa) Stress ratios
Total Stress
Level Marked in C/s
(MPa) DL+SI
DL SID LL+DSS DL DL+SIDL+LL DL DL+LL
Green Concrete (Girder
-65.5 -65.5 91.3 -0.72
Top)
For Sagging

Green Concrete (Girder

Moment

53.3 53.3 91.3 0.58

bottom)
1 (Concrete deck top) -1.3871 -2.3 -3.7 - -11.7 0.3
2 (Steel girder top) -33.6 -16.8 -13.1 -63.5 -155.0 -155.0 0.22 0.41

3 (Plate girder bottom) 27.4 29.0 35.3 91.7 155.0 155.0 0.18 0.59

CHECK FOR WEB BUCKLING & STIFFENERS REQUIREMENTS

TOUNGUE PLATES (Y /N) N

d1= 2568.0 mm
d2= 2568.0 mm

Thickness of web plate (t): 16 mm

d1 (depth of the girder between the flanges) : 2568 mm
Since tongue plates are not been used d2 = d1
2/5 th of the dist from comp. Flange to NA= 571.71 mm
Greater clear panel dimension (dg) : 1800.00 mm
Smaller clear panel dimension (ds) : 1647.00 mm

d1/t = 160.50 > 75, Vertical stiffener required.

< 180 BUT >110
d2/t = 160.50 < 180
i.e. Stable with only vertical stiffeners.

Hence, as per Cl. 508.2.1c of IRC:24-2001; tweb should be > (ds/180) and ( dg/270) i.e = 1647/ 180 & = 1800/ 270
9.150 mm & 6.667 mm Hence OK

Average Shear Stress in the web : 22.12 MPa < 95 MPa

Since d1/t = > 130 and Average Shear Stress in the web : < 95 MPa ; so
I/b3t should be > 0.0003 As per Cl. 508.3.6 of IRC:24-2001
I= 333420714.666667 mm4
b= 1800 mm c/c
t= 16 mm
I/b3t = 0.0035731815 i.e > 0.0003 Hence OK

Flanges:-
Compression Flange
Outstand Permissible=12t 384 mm As per Cl: 508.3.3 of IRC:24-2001
Outstand provided = 242 mm
HENCE OK
Tension Flange
Outstand Permissible=20t 1000 mm As per Cl: 508.3.5 of IRC:24-2001
Outstand provided = 242 mm
HENCE OK

SHEAR STRESS CHECK As per Clause 508.7 of IRC:24-2001

Total Shear in steel section only (Considered maximum of the positive and negative shear forces):
Support : 908.7 kN

Stiffener Spacing for all girders : 1800 mm c/c = 0.68 d

Permissible shear stress depending on the d1/t ratio & stiffener distance (fy = 250MPa):
d/t for the girders : tva (from table 8.6 of IRC:24-2001)
Support : 165.6 93.8 MPa C/d = 0.875
OR: 95.0 MPa As per T-6.2 of IRC:24-2001
Shear Stress in steel (taking only the steel web to be effective in shear) :
Support : = 908.67x1000/ (2568x16) 22.12 MPa Hence OK

DESIGN OF VERTICAL STIFFENERS (as per cl.508.11.2.2 IRC:24-2001)

d1= 2568.0 mm mm
t= 16 mm Total Length of the Vert
Maximum permissible spacing of vertical stiffener = 3852 mm Stiffener Required:
Moment of Inertia required for the vertical stiffener= 7012352 mm4 225.169 m
For Internal Plate Girders
Using 120 X 10 thk plates on both sides
Moment of inertia about the centre of the web= 13977600 mm4 > 7012352 ;Hence OK

So, provide vertical stiffeners @ 1800 mm c/c

Connections:
Shear Force between Web and vertical stiffeners 269 KN/m As per Cl. 508.11.2.5 of IRC:24-2001 Page 21+34
Design of 25m span
for 6mm weld on both sides of the stiffener
DUE TO TEMPERATURE GRADIENT:

In this case it is assumed that the super-structure is free to translate in the longitudinal direction and that the steel
and concrete have the same co-efficient of thermal expansion, sothat uniform changes of temparature cause no
stresses in the superstructure. Thus only the effects of temparature differences through the depth of cross section
is considered. The nominal temperature differences are shown below.

The temperature stresses are obtained by Eigen Stresses as per Chap-30 of the book by V K Raina

2400 75 mm thick wearing course

1 Y 20.5 °C 6.8 °C
138

230
2 92 4 °C 0.0 °C
40 3 °C 0.0 °C
360 2.93 °C 0.8 °C

32
3 4
X X
16 0 °C 8 °C
2650

2568

ý
50

500
Temperature Rise Temperature
Y Case Fall Case
The temperature at various levels of the composite girder is taken from BS:5400:Part 2:1978 corresponding to
unsurfaced waterproofed deck.

Calculating for Central Segment :

Required Paramenters:
Neutral Axis Depth for composite deck (ý) = 1933.90 mm
Cross sectional area of the composite section (A) = 155688 mm2
Moment of Inertia of the composite section (I) = 1.87E+11 mm4
Coefficient of thermal expansion (a) = 0.000012 /°C
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel (Es) = 211000 MPa

Area (A) of y
T (Rise
ZONE equivalent (From Ay Ay2 aAT aATY
Case)
steel sec top)
1 0.04416 0.069 0.00305 0.00021 12.25 6.49152E-06 4.479149E-07
2 0.029 0.184 0.00542 0.00100 3.626016 0.000001281 2.357038E-07
3 0.016 0.250 0.00400 0.00100 3.089431 5.931707E-07 1.482927E-07
4 0.006 0.450 0.00259 0.00117 1.463415 1.011512E-07 4.551805E-08
SUM 0.09536 0.953 0.01506 0.00337337 8.4668E-06 8.7743E-07
e0 0.00016159
q 0.000461101

Eigen Stresses (Steel) :

At top of slab
y= 0
t= 21 °C a= 1.17E-05
at= 0.00023985
EIGENSTRESSES = -2.47 Mpa Equivalent Concrete Stress

At bottom of slab
y= 0.25
t= 3 °C a= 1.17E-05
at= 3.80488E-05
EIGENSTRESSES = 1.74 Mpa
 Area (A) of y
T (Fall
ZONE equivalent (From Ay Ay2 aAT aATY
Case)
steel sec top)
1 0.04416 0.069 0.00305 0.00021 3.4 1.801728E-06 1.243192E-07
2 0.029 0.184 0.00542 0.00100 0 0 0
3 0.016 0.250 0.00400 0.00100 0 0 0
4 0.006 0.450 0.00259 0.00117 4 2.7648E-07 1.24416E-07
SUM 0.09536 0.953 0.01506 0.00337337 2.0782E-06 2.4874E-07
e0 3.43743E-05
q 7.96844E-05

Eigen Stresses (Steel):

At top of slab
y= 0
t= -7 °C a= 1.17E-05
at= -0.00007956
EIGENSTRESSES = 3.59 Mpa Equivalent Concrete Stress

At bottom of slab
y= 0.25
t= 0 °C a= 1.17E-05
at= 0
EIGENSTRESSES = 3.05 Mpa

Since, as per T-1 of IRC:6:2000(Note-4), for temperature gradient effects, 50% live load combination shall be accounted for,so
the temperature effects will not give the worst combination.

DUE TO SHRINKAGE OF THE DECK SLAB:

Shrinkage strain in concrete = 2.00E-04
Ec = 3.15E+04 N/mm2
Modular ratio m = 15.0
Modified Ec = 1.58E+04 N/mm2

Stress in deck =1.58E+04×2.00E-04 = 3.150 N/mm2

Force in concrete =3.2×2400×230 = 1.74E+06 N

M, moment due to shrinkage forces

=1.74E+06×1088 = 1892440139 Nmm

Stress at Top of Concrete 0.986 Mpa

Stress at Interface of Conc and Steel 11.959 Mpa
Stress at the bottom of steel 20.600 Mpa

Axial Stress 14.626 Mpa

Total Stress at the Interface of Conc and Steel 26.585 Mpa

Total Stress at the Bottom of Steel 5.975 MPa

Level
Load Total Perm.Bend.
Marked
Stress Stresses*
in C/s DL SIDL LL SHRINKAGE
2 -33.6 -16.8 -13.1 -26.585 -90.1 -155.0 Hence OK
3 27.4 29.0 35.3 5.975 97.6 155.0 Hence OK

* Increased by 15% as per T-1 of IRC:6-2000

Estimation of wind load on superstructure

As per IRC:6-2010, design wind load on the superstructure

FT = PZ x A1 x G x CD
Basic wind speed = 47 m/sec
(Wind unloaded case) (As per fig-6 of IRC:6-2010)

Basic wind speed = 36 m/sec

(Wind loaded case)

Depth of crash barrier = 1.50 m

Total depth of superstructure = 1.56 m
Span c/c Exp joint = 25.64 m
FRL = 71.6 m
Ground level = 59.634 m
FRL-GL = 11.966 m

A. Wind Unloaded Case

Avg height of wind load = 11.934
Wind pressure PZ = 978.88 N/m2
Area in elevation A1 = 78.56 m2
Gust factor G = 2
Drag coefficient CD = 2.2
Transverse wind load unloaded = 1.29 t/m

B. Wind loaded Case

Exposed height of wind load = 1.50 m
Avg ht of wind load = 12.68
Wind pressure PZ = 583.01 N/m2
Area of live load A1 = 38.46 m2
Gust factor G = 2
Drag coefficient CD = 1.2
Wind force on liveload = 0.210 t/m
Wind force on superstructure = 0.769 t/m

Total wind force loaded case = 0.979 t/m

Estimation of seismic load on superstructure

Superstructure Load
Dead load of single girder = 2.84 Mt
Number of long girders = 5
Total load of girders = 14.19 Mt
Dead load of deck slab = 303.24 Mt
Dead load of 1 cross frame = 0.25 Mt
Number of cross frames = 3
Total load of cross frames = 0.760 Mt
Total dead load of the superstructure = 318.2 Mt

SIDL
Unit wt of crash barrier = 1.05 t/m
(Refer Design document 43 page no.6)
Unit wt of railing = 0.52 t/m
(Refer Design document 43 page no.7)
Wearing course on carriageway = 1.10 t/m
SIDL/m = 4.24 t/m
Total weight of SIDL = 152.67 Mt

FPLL
p' = 500 kg/m2
L = 34.047 m
Intensity of load p = 0.38 t/m2
Width of footway w = 1.5 m
Load/footway = 0.57 t/m
Total FPLL = 41.3 Mt

Seismic coefficient
Seismic zone = III
Zone factor Z = 0.16
(bridges crossing railway
Importance factor I = 1.2 lines)
Response reduction factor R = 2 (for bearings)
Sa/g = 2.5
Damping percentage = 2
(for steel and composite
Damping factor = 1.4 elements)
Seismic coef Ah = 0.168

Seismic load on
1 Dead Load = 53.46 t
2 SIDL = 25.6 t
3 FPLL (20%) = 1.4 t
4 LL (20% of 2 LCA) = 3.72 t

Total seismic load on one end = 44.0 t

(considering entire live load on one end only)