RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

1. A device launches or receives a wave in a 6. The type of radio wave responsible for long c. Liquid laser
transmission line or waveguide in one distance communications by multiple skips is d. Semiconductor laser
direction only. the 11. ___ means that the characteristics and
a. Cross-field tube a. Direct wave performance of an antenna are the same
b. Directional coupler b. Sky wave whether the antenna is radiating or
c. Linear-beam tube c. Ground wave intercepting an electromagnetic signal.
d. Slow-wave structure d. Surface wave a. Antenna reciprocity
2. A type of linear-beam microwave tube that 7. Line of sight communications is not a factor b. Antenna grounding
uses velocity modulation of the electron in which frequency range? c. Antenna polarization
beam. a. VHF d. None of the above
a. Buncher b. UHF 12. Calculate the gain (relative to an isotropic) of
b. Gunn device c. HF a parabolic antenna that has a diameter of 3
c. Catcher d. Microwaves m, an efficiency of 60% and operates at a
d. Klystron 8. It is often defined as the loss incurred by an frequency of 4 GHz.
3. A line of sight radio link operating at a electromagnetic wave as it propagates in a a. 39.8 dBi
frequency of 6 GHz has a separation of 50 km straight line through a vacuum with no b. -18.1 dBi
between antennas. An obstacle in the path is absorption or reflection of energy from c. 75.3 dBi
located 20 km from the transmitting nearby objects. d. -43.8 dBi
antenna. By how much must the beam clear a. Transmission loss 13. A dipole antenna has a radiation resistance of
the obstacle? b. Atmospheric loss 67 ohms and a loss resistance of 5 ohms,
a. 24.47 meters c. Free space loss measured at the feed point. Calculate the
b. 24.47 kilometers d. Spreading loss efficiency.
c. 14.67 meters 9. A type of microwave protection system a. 90%
d. 14.67 kilometers where each working channel has a dedicated b. 93%
4. Variation in received field strength over time back up or space channel. c. 92%
due to changes in propagation conditions. a. Diversity d. 94%
a. Fading b. Space diversity 14. An antenna’s beamwidth is measured __
b. Fade margin c. Hybrid diversity a. Between half-power points
c. Diversity d. Hot standby b. From front to back
d. Fresnel zones 10. A laser that uses organic dyes enclosed in a c. Between the minor sidelobes
5. Which of the following antenna types is not glass tube for an active medium, dye is d. From +90 to -90 degrees
designed for transmitting at 10 GHz? circulated into the tube with a pump. A 15. “ground effects” refers to the effects on an
a. Horn antenna powerful pulse of light excites the organic antenna’s radiation pattern caused by:
b. Dish antenna dye. a. Radio signals reflecting off the
c. Zepp antenna a. Solid laser ground
d. Helical antenna b. Gas laser
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

b. Buildings and other structures on d. Horizontal range c. The SWR will be 1:10
the ground 21. A basic antenna connected to a transmission d. Maximum power will take place
c. Fading line plus one or more additional conductors 26. A one-quarter wavelength of coaxial or
d. Faulty connection of the feed cable that are not connected to the transmission balanced transmission line of specific
ground line form a: impedance connected between a load and a
16. An antenna can be matched to a feed line a. Parasitic antenna source in order to match impedance is:
using b. Bidirectional array a. A balun
a. A shorted stub c. Half-wave antenna b. An autotransformer
b. An LC network d. Counterpoise c. A Q section
c. A loading coil 22. An antenna made up of a driven element and d. None of the above
d. All of the above one or more parasitic elements is generally 27. By how much should two antennas be
17. As the length of a “long-wire” antenna is referred to as a ___. separated for space diversity in the 15 GHz
increased, ___. a. Hertz antenna band?
a. The number of lobes increases b. Marconi antenna a. 4 m
b. The efficiency decreases c. Yagi antenna b. 5 m
c. The number of nodes decreases d. Collinear antenna c. 6 m
d. None of the above 23. Which antennas usually consist of two or d. 7 m
18. It is the receiving antenna with a built-in more half-wave dipoles mounted end to 28. How far from the transmitter could a signal
preamplifier end? be received if the transmitting and receiving
a. Passive antenna a. Yagi antenna antennas are 40 m and 22 m, respectively,
b. Active antenna b. Collinear antenna above level terrain.
c. Coil antenna c. Hertz antenna a. 49.22 km
d. LC antenna d. Marconi antenna b. 16.98 km
19. Antennas that transmit an equal amount of 24. A stacked collinear antenna consisting of half c. 45.22 m
energy in the horizontal direction are called wave dipoles spaced from one another by d. 16.98 m
__ one-half wavelengths is the _. 29. A signal propagates in a waveguide has a full
a. Bidirectional a. End-fire antenna wave of electric intensity change between
b. unidirectional b. Parasitic antenna the two further walls, and no component of
c. Omnidirectional c. Wide bandwidth antenna the electric field in the direction of
d. Unilateral d. Broadside antenna propagation, the mode of the waveguide is:
20. The ability of an antenna to send or receive 25. When the characteristic impedance of the a. TE1,1
signals over a narrow horizontal directional transmission line matched the impedance of b. TE1,0
range is referred to as: the transmitter and the impedance of the c. TE2,0
a. Focal factor antenna itself d. TE2,1
b. Directivity a. The SWR will be 10:1 30. It is a microwave device that allows RF
c. Permittivity b. Minimum power will take place energy to pass in one direction with very
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

little loss, but absorbs RF power in the 35. Why does the downlink frequency appear to c. Gain increases by 9.54 dB,
opposite direction. vary by several kHz during a low earth orbit beamwidth increases to 1.3 of its
a. Circulator satellite pass? former value.
b. Resonator a. The distance between the satellite d. Gain increases by 9.54 dB,
c. Isolator and ground station is changing, beamwidth increases to 1.3 of its
d. Wave trap causing the Kepler effect. former value.
31. A metal wrapped around the parabolic b. The distance between the satellite 38. The moon orbits the earth with a period of
antenna aperture to eliminate sidelobes and ground station is changing, approximately 28 days. How far away is it?
interfering nearby stations is called __. causing the Bernoulli effect. Assume circular orbit.
a. Radome c. The distance between the satellite a. 380 Mm
b. Shroud and ground station is changing, b. 382 Mm
c. Shield causing the Boyle’s law effect. c. 384 Mm
d. Bass drum d. The distance between the satellite d. 386 Mm
32. The wavelength of a wave in a waveguide and ground station is changing, 39. What is the length of the path to a
a. Is greater than in free space causing the Doppler effect. geostationary satellite from an Earth station
b. Depends only on the waveguide 36. The most ambitious LEO constellation to date if the angle of elevation is 30 degrees?
dimensions and the free space is: a. 6400 km
wavelengths a. Teledesic b. 36000 km
c. Is inversely proportional to the b. Globalstar c. 39000 km
phase velocity c. NAVSTAR d. 42400 km
d. Is directly proportional to the group d. Iridium 40. What is the nominal uplink frequency for Ku
velocity 37. A satellite-dish owner has a 3 meter dish Band?
33. Geostationary satellites are located at ___ designed for C-Band (4 GHz) operation. The a. 14 MHz
with respect to the equator. owner wants to use the same dish with a new b. 12 MHz
a. 0 deg latitude feed horn, for Ku-Band 12 GHz) satellites. c. 14 GHz
b. 45 deg latitude What effect will the change in frequency d. 12 GHz
c. 0 deg longitude have on the gain and beamwidth of the 41. To cover all inhabited regions of the earth,
d. 45 deg longitude antenna? the number of polar-orbit satellite required is
34. The quality of a space-link is measured in a. Gain increases by 9.54 dB, __.
terms of ___ ratio. beamwidth decreases to 1.3 of its a. 1
a. S/N former value. b. 2
b. C/N b. Gain decreases by 9.54 dB, c. 3
c. G/T beamwidth decreases to 1.3 of its d. 4
d. EIRP former value. 42. What is the phase velocity of a rectangular
waveguide with a dimension of 6 cm by 4 cm,
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desired operating frequency of 6 GHz and a. 7.61 km/s 53. The abrupt change in refractive index from
operates in TE11 mode? (Erroneous) b. 7.61 m/s core to cladding of fiber optic cable is called
a. 5.43x10^8 m/s c. 761 m/s the:
b. 6.02x10^8 m/s d. 761 km/s a. Total internal reflection
c. 3.31x10^8 m/s 48. The outline of a communications satellite b. Numerical aperture
d. 4.69x10^8 m/s antenna pattern on the earth is known as: c. Dispersion
43. The highest frequency that can be used for a. Beam d. Step index
skywave propagation between two specific b. Spot 54. A technique that is used to minimize pulse
points on earth’s surface. c. Propagation pattern dispersion effect is:
a. Critical frequency d. Footprint a. Use a higher frequency light source
b. Cut-off frequency 49. An earth station look angle is determined by: b. Use plastic cladding
c. Maximum usable frequency a. Azimuth and elevation c. Minimize the core diameter
d. Mid frequency b. Latitude and longitude d. All of the above
44. It is the height above Earth’s surface from c. Bearing 55. Light detectors are devices used to sense
which a refracted wave appears to have been d. True north light energy in fiber optic communication
reflected. It is the maximum height that this 50. An ITU radiocommunications standard for receivers. Which is not an important
hypothetical reflected wave would have satellite services which provides information characteristic of a light detector?
reached. on the range of frequencies that can be used a. Responsivity
a. Virtual height by fixed satellite service systems for b. Dark current
b. Actual height emergency and disaster relief operations. c. Power consumption
c. Average height a. ITU-R M1854 d. Response speed
d. Mean height b. ITU-R 2009 56. The dispersion of light in fiber-optic cable
45. The height above mean sea level of a satellite c. ITU-R S.1001-2 caused by a portion of the light energy
in a geosynchronous orbit around Earth is: d. ITU R S.004 travelling in the cladding is called ___.
a. 35,786 miles 51. The most common light used in fiber optic a. Modal dispersion
b. 35,768 miles link is __ b. Material dispersion
c. 35,786 kilometers a. Red c. Waveguide dispersion
d. 35,768 kilometers b. Violet d. Cable dispersion
46. A point in the orbit of an object orbiting the c. Infrared 57. Which of the following considerations is
earth that is located closest to Earth. d. ultraviolet important when deciding between using a
a. Apogee 52. In the telecommunications industry, the most diode laser or an LED?
b. Perigee commonly used fiber(s) is/are: a. Response time
c. Perihelion a. 50 micron b. Power level
d. Sub-satellite orbit b. 62.5 micron c. Temperature sensitivity
47. Find the velocity of a satellite in a circular c. 50 and 62.5 micron d. Failure characteristics
orbit 500 km above the earth’s surface. d. 125 micron
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

58. The light energy that is always emitted or lower microwave frequencies or for strong b. Absorption
absorbed in discrete units is called: curved wavefronts. c. Dispersion
a. Light ray a. Splicing d. Static fatigue
b. Boson b. Zoning 68. The theory which states that when visible
c. Quanta c. Curving light or high-frequency electromagnetic
d. Light d. Polarizing radiation illuminates a metallic surface,
59. Which of the following Ethernet fiber optic 64. An optic fiber is made of glass with a electrons are emitted.
standards uses synchronous, centralized refractive index of 1.55 and is clad with a. Photoelectric effect
clock? another glass with a refractive index of 1.51. b. Planck’s law
a. 10Base-FL (Link) Launching takes place from air. What c. Photoemission effect
b. 10Base-FP (Passive) numerical aperture does the fiber have? d. Rayleigh theory of light
c. 10Base-FB (backbone) a. 0.132 69. The science of measuring only light waves
d. All of the above b. 0.352 that are visible to the human eye.
60. It is a layer of plastic that surrounds a fiber or c. 0.032 a. Radiometry
group of fiber. d. 0.475 b. Optometry
a. Buffer tube 65. For an optical fiber 10 km long with a pulse- c. Optics
b. Bulk head spreading constant of 5 ns/km, determine d. Photometry
c. Cladding the maximum digital transmission rates for 70. A phenomenon in optical fibers
d. jacket return-to-zero. communication system that is caused by the
61. The angular separation between the two a. 40 Mbps difference in the propagation times of light
half-power points on the power density b. 30 Mbps rays that take different paths down the fiber.
radiation patern. c. 20 Mbps a. Pulse spreading
a. Beamwidth d. 10 Mbps b. Wavelength distortion
b. Bandwidth 66. In fiber optics, it is a measure of the c. Rayleigh scattering
c. Azimuth conversion efficiency of a photodetector. It is d. Microbending
d. Footprint the ratio of the output current of a 71. Determine the fourth Fresnel radius of a
62. Refers to the direction in space of electric photodiode to the input optical power and microwave link having a transmitter-receiver
vector of the electromagnetic wave radiated has the unit of amperes per watt. distance of 50 km, operating at a frequency
from an antenna and is parallel ot the a. Responsivity of 7 GHz. An obstruction is found 15 km from
antenna itself. b. Dark current the transmitting station.
a. Propagation c. Spectral response a. 21 meters
b. Coordination d. Light sensitivity b. 42 meters
c. Azimuth 67. A phenomenon also called stress corriosion c. 63 meters
d. Polarization resulting if the glass fiber is exposed to long d. 84 meters
63. This is often used to cure the problem of periods of high humidity. 72. A radome protecting a microwave
great thickness required of lensesused at a. Scattering loss transmitting antenna has a relative
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permittivity of 4, and is designed as a half- 76. A receiving antenna with a gain of 45 dBi to a light source with a wavelength of 1.40
wavelength relfectionless slab at operating looks at a sky with a noise temperature of 28 micrometers. Its core glass has a refractive
frequency of 10 GHz. Determine its thickness. K. the loss between the antenna and the LNA index of 1.55. Determine the cladding index
a. 0.5 cm input, due to the feedhorn, is 0.9 dB, and the required for producing single-mode
b. 0.75 cm LNA has a noise temperature of 40 K. propagation.
c. 0.377 cm calculate G/T. a. 1.547
d. 0.577 cm a. 23.42 dB b. 2.394
73. A satellite transmitter operates at a 6 GHz b. 20.62 dB c. 1.475
with a transmitter power of 9 watt and an c. 26.02 dB d. 2.439
antenna gain of 45 dBi. The receiver has d. 28.51 dB 81. Radio waves were first predicted
antenna gain of 30 dBi, and the path length is 77. What is the gain of a pyramidal horn in dB, mathematically by:
35,000 km. calculate the signal strength at with width and height of 15 cm and 12 cm, a. Armstrong
the receiver. respectively with an operating frequency of b. Hertz
a. -88 dBm 11.7 GHz. c. Maxwell
b. -94 dBm a. 172.02 dB d. Marconi
c. -84 dBm b. 44.7 dB 82. The power per transponder of a typical Ku-
d. -98 dBm c. 22.35 dB band satellite is in the range:
74. Calculate the angle of declination for an d. 19.25 dB a. 5 to 25 watts
antenna using a polar mount at latitude of 75 78. A wide area blackout of HF radio b. 50 to 250 watts
degrees. communication as well as loss of radio c. 500 to 2500 watts
a. 8.62 deg contact for about an hour on the sunlit side d. Depends on its orbit
b. 2.61 deg of earth. 83. The loss in single-mode fiber-optic cable due
c. 4.22 deg a. R1 to a splice is about:
d. 6.81 deg b. R2 a. 0.02 dB
75. Telephone communication takes place c. R3 b. 0.2 dB
between two earth stations via satellite d. R4 c. 1 dB
36,000 km apart. Suppose Jim calls Stifler at 79. Irises are metallic plates used to match d. 3 dB
8:00 am. Stifler immediately answers back. waveguide impedances. When irises are 84. An exclusive meteorological satellite
How much time has elapsed before Jim hears placed along the walls of a waveguide it acts launched by Indian Satellite system. It is
back the beginning of Stifler’s reply, as heard as __. located at 74 degree East longitude.
by Stifler? a. Capacitive a. KALPANA-1
a. 0.48 sec b. Inductive b. INSAT-2E
b. 0.12 sec c. LC resonant circuit c. EDUSAT
c. 0.36 sec d. Both B and C d. SHIVA
d. 0.24 sec 80. A single-mode fiber is made with core 85. If light leaves a material of refractive index
diameter of 12 micrometers and is coupled 1.75 and crosses an abrupt boundary into a
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

material of refractive index 1.20, the fresnel d. 51.6 degrees 96. In radio navigation, what is known in Russia
loss would be: 91. The process of adjusting the orbit of a as the counterpart of the LORAN-C US
a. 0.346 dB geostationary satellite so that it appears to navigation system?
b. 0.149 dB remain stationary above a point on earth. a. Omega
c. 0.613 dB a. Station keeping b. Chayka
d. 0.153 dB b. Station hunting c. Alpha
86. A white fiber with a black tracer is most likely c. Station kicking d. Decca
to be fiber number: d. None of the above 97. What is the effective earth’s radius when
a. 18 92. A typical value for the spectral width of a Ns=300?
b. 16 laser is: a. 8500 km
c. 12 a. 1310 nm b. 6370 km
d. 14 b. 850 nm c. 7270km
87. The temperature range for fiber operation, c. 3 nm d. 7950 km
range typically d. 62.5 nm 98. The TWT is sometimes preferred to the
a. 0 to 60 degree Celsius 93. A range of microwave frequencies more multicavity klystron amplifier because it
b. -30 to +70 degree Celsius easily passed by the atmosphere than the a. Is more efficient
c. -40 to +80 degree Celsius others is called a ___ b. Has a greater bandwidth
d. -100 to +100 degree Celsius a. Window c. Has a higher number of modes
88. A disadvantage of microstrip compared with b. Critical frequency d. Produces a higher output power
stripline is that microstrip: c. Gyro frequency range 99. A ray of light in a transparent material of
a. Does not readily lend itself to d. Resonance in the atmosphere refractive index 1.5 is approaching a material
printed circuit techniques 94. An acronym for short range navigation, a with a refractive index of 1.48. At the
b. Is more likely to radiate type of electronic navigation and bombing boundary, the critical angle is:
c. Is bulkier system with a precision radar beacon used in a. 90 degrees
d. Is more expensive and complex to the B-26 and B-29 bomber aircraft during the b. 9.4 degrees
manufacture Korean war. c. 75.2 degrees
89. In fiber optics, the SONET channel with a. LORAN d. 80.6 degrees
capacity sending up to 40 Gbps. b. LORAN D 100. In fusion splicing of the fibers, the arc that
a. OC-48 c. SHORAN occurs between the two electrodes is about
b. OC-768 d. SHORAN D ___ with an adjustable current up to ___.
c. OC-214 95. The bending radius during installation for a a. 7,000 volts 25 mA
d. OC-1 lightweight fiber cable. b. 10,000 volts 125 mA
90. The orbital inclination of ISS is: a. 70 mm c. 1,000 volts 251 mA
a. 56.1 degrees b. 175 mm d. 70,000 125 mA
b. 65.1 degrees c. 350 mm
c. 61.5 degrees d. 500 mm